§130.417 Scientific Research and Design TEKS Overview

2022 Texas High SchoolAerospace Scholars Virtual Curriculum

Page 1 of 15

Standard # Standard # of Activities 

Aligned

(c)(2) The student, for at least 40% of instructional time, conducts laboratory and field investigations using safe, 

environmentally appropriate, and ethical practices. These investigations must involve actively obtaining and analyzing 

data with physical equipment, but may also involve experimentation in a simulated environment as well as field 

observations that extend beyond the classroom. The student is expected to:

130.417.c2A (2A) demonstrate safe practices during laboratory and field investigations; and 9

130.417.c2B (2B) demonstrate an understanding of the use and conservation of resources and the 

proper disposal or recycling of materials. 10

(c)(3) The student uses a systematic approach to answer scientific laboratory and field investigative questions. The 

student is expected to:

130.417.c3A (3A) know the definition of science and understand that it has limitations, as specified in 

subsection (b)(1)* of this section; 15

130.417.c3B

(3B) know that scientific hypotheses are tentative and testable statements that must 

be capable of being supported or not supported by observational evidence. 

Hypotheses of durable explanatory power which have been tested over a wide variety

of conditions are incorporated into theories;

14

130.417.c3C

(3C) know that scientific theories are based on natural and physical phenomena and 

are capable of being tested by multiple independent researchers. Unlike hypotheses, 

scientific theories are well-‐ established and highly-‐reliable explanations, but may be 

subject to change as new areas of science and new technologies are developed; 14

130.417.c3D (3D) distinguish between scientific hypotheses and scientific theories; 13

130.417.c3E

(3E) design and implement investigative procedures, including making observations, 

asking well-defined questions, formulating testable hypotheses, identifying variables,

selecting appropriate equipment and technology, and evaluating numerical answers 

for reasonableness;

12

130.417.c3F

(3F) collect and organize qualitative and quantitative data and make measurements 

with accuracy and precision using tools such as calculators, spreadsheet software, data-‐ 

collecting probes, computers, standard laboratory glassware, microscopes, various 

prepared slides, stereoscopes, metric rulers, electronic balances, gel electrophoresis 

apparatuses, micropipettes, hand lenses, Celsius thermometers, hot plates, lab

notebooks or journals, timing devices, cameras, and meter sticks;

12

130.417.c3G (3G) analyze, evaluate, make inferences, and predict trends from data; 15

130.417.c3H (3H) identify and quantify causes and effects of uncertainties in measured data; 11

130.417.c3I (3I) organize and evaluate data and make inferences from data, including the use of 

tables, charts, and graphs; and 11

130.417.c3J

(3J) communicate valid conclusions supported by the data through various methods 

such as lab reports, labeled drawings, graphic organizers, journals, summaries, oral

reports, and technology-based reports. 12

(c)(4) The student uses critical thinking, scientific reasoning, and problem solving to make informed decisions within and 

outside the classroom. The student is expected to:

130.417.c4A

(4A) in all fields of science, analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by 

using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and experimental and observational 

testing, including examining all sides of scientific evidence of those scientific 

explanations, so as

to encourage critical thinking by the student;

11

130.417.c4B

(4B) communicate and apply scientific information extracted from various sources 

such as current events, news reports, published journal articles, and marketing 

materials; 13

130.417.c4C (4C) draw inferences based on data related to promotional materials for products and 

services; 14

130.417.c4D

(4D) explain the impacts of the scientific contributions of a variety of historical and 

contemporary scientists on scientific thought and society;

15
§130.417 Scientific Research and Design TEKS Overview

2022 Texas High SchoolAerospace Scholars Virtual Curriculum

Page 2 of 15

130.417.c4F (4F) research and describe the connections between science and future careers; and 12

130.417.c4G

(4G) express and interpret relationships symbolically in accordance with accepted 

theories to make predictions and solve problems mathematically, including problems 

requiring proportional reasoning and graphical vector addition. 12

(c)(5) The student formulates hypotheses to guide experimentation and data collection. The student is expected to:

130.417.c5A (5A) perform background research with respect to an investigative problem; and 14

130.417.c5B (5B) examine hypotheses generated to guide a research process by evaluating the 

merits and feasibility of the hypotheses. 14

(c)(6) The student analyzes published research. The student is expected to:

130.417.c6A (6A) identify the scientific methodology used by a researcher; 14

130.417.c6B (6B) examine a prescribed research design and identify dependent and independent 

variables; 15

130.417.c6C

(6C) evaluate a prescribed research design to determine the purpose for each of the 

procedures performed; and

16

130.417.c6D (6D) compare the relationship of the hypothesis to the conclusion. 14

(c)(7) The student develops and implements investigative designs. The student is expected to:

130.417.c7A

(7A) interact and collaborate with scientific researchers and/or other members of the 

scientific community to complete a research project;

15

130.417.c7B (7B) identify and manipulate relevant variables within research situations; 11

130.417.c7C (7C) use a control in an experimental process; and 13

130.417.c7D (7D) design procedures to test hypotheses. 9

(c)(8) The student collects, organizes, and evaluates qualitative and quantitative data obtained through 

experimentation. The student is expected to:

130.417.c8B (8B) record observations and events as they occur within an investigation; 11

130.417.c8C (8C) acquire, manipulate, and analyze data using equipment and technology; 14

130.417.c8F (8F) construct data tables to organize information collected in an experiment; and 12

130.417.c8G (8G) evaluate data using statistical methods to recognize patterns, trends, and 

proportional relationships. 14

(c)(9) The student knows how to synthesize valid conclusions from qualitative and quantitative data. The student is 

expected to:

130.417.c9A (9A) synthesize conclusions supported by research data; 13

130.417.c9B (9B) consider and communicate alternative explanations for observations and results; 

and

9

130.417.c9C (9C) identify limitations within the research process and provide recommendations for

additional research.

13

(c)(10) The student communicates conclusions clearly and concisely to an audience of professionals. The student is 

expected to:

130.417.c10A

(10A) construct charts, tables, and graphs in facilitating data analysis and in 

communicating experimental results clearly and effectively using technology; and 9

130.417.c10B (10B) suggest alternative explanations from observations or trends evident within 

the data or from prompts provided by a review panel.

9
2022 Texas High School Aerospace Scholars Onsite Curriculum

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Alignment 130.417 Scientific Research and Design

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8

MISSION TO MOON TO PREPARE FOR MARS RESEARCH CHALLENGE

Purpose: Research and develop the nine stages of a sustainable long term human presence on the Moon in preparation for a round trip human mission to 

Mars of (30 - 500 days) scientific community of astronauts.

Objective: Create a cohesive, technically sound video presentation aligned with true industry requirements, facilitated by a team of NASA’s Johnson Space 

Center industry professionals.

Research and Prototype Focus Objectives TEKS

Expeditions to Lunar Surface

Research and design a prototype of either an autonomous Cargo Lunar Lander OR a lunar 

Polar Exploration Rover. Driving questions: What is our mission for an expedition to the lunar 

surface? What do we need before we travel to the Moon? How will we do it?

Presentation Subtopics include:

Overall science goals, Precision landing, Lunar cargo and payloads, In-situ resource utilization 

experiments (geology, fuel, water, mining ores, etc)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)

Option 1. Cargo Lunar Lander prototype includes: 

Autonomous precision landing systems, Laser retro-reflector array, Navigation Doppler Lidar 

for precise velocity and range sensing, Video and camera systems, Payloads to test chemical 

response of lunar regolith during landing, Advanced photovoltaic energy transfer systems, 

Magnetometer, Near-infrared volatiles mass spectrometer.

 

Option 2. Polar Exploration Rover prototype includes:

Ability to rove across the lunar surface, Autonomous driving, Miniaturized sensors, 

Spectrometer to hunt for water ice, At least two moveable and threaded drilling devices 

(different types of drill heads), Casing or other material to allow for hole stabilization while 

drilling, Battery and/or solar power for operations, Extreme environmental resistance.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)
2022 Texas High School Aerospace Scholars Onsite Curriculum

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Alignment 130.417 Scientific Research and Design

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Research and Prototype Focus Objectives TEKS

Flying to Lunar Orbit

Research and design a prototype of a human rated capsule capable of travelling to the Moon. 

Must have a cutaway section so inside can be viewed. 

Driving questions: How do we go? How do we go to lunar orbit safely? Where are we going 

on lunar surface?

Presentation Subtopics include:

Rationale and risk assessment; Interplanetary spacecraft design to lunar orbit (propulsion, 

timelines, andcommunication systems); Prototype in-space propulsion to reduce time for 

lunar mission; Entry, descent, and landing site for human lunar mission.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)

Human rated capsule prototype includes:

Propulsion system and control (fuel and oxidizer); Electrical energy system (represented in

blue); Water, waste, and oxygen recycling system (represented in red); Environmental 

Control system and CO2 scrubbers system; Crew quarters; Radiation protection; Waste 

Management System; Photography/Earth Observation portal; Guidance, Navigation and 

Control system; Communication and radar system

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)
2022 Texas High School Aerospace Scholars Onsite Curriculum

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Alignment 130.417 Scientific Research and Design

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Research and Prototype Focus Objectives TEKS

Living in Lunar Orbit

Research and design a prototype of a Habitation and Logistics Outpost (HALO) or a Power 

and Propulsion Element (PPE).

Driving questions: How do we survive? What are the dangers? What are our physical and 

psychological needs?

Presentation Subtopics include:

Microgravity issues; Nutrition and exercise, and interpersonal relationships; Space weather 

and radiation hazards; Science goals during deep space transit to the Moon.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)

Option 1. HALO prototype includes:

Autonomous docking ports, Power distribution system, Command and control systems, 

Design for initial autonomous operations, Safe haven for emergencies, Space suit storage, 

Crew quarters.

Option 2. PPE prototype includes:

Solar electric propulsion, Electrical power system, Autonomous navigation and trajectory

systems, Navigate to different orbits, Fuel storage

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)
2022 Texas High School Aerospace Scholars Onsite Curriculum

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Alignment 130.417 Scientific Research and Design

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Research and Prototype Focus Objectives TEKS

Traveling to Lunar Surface

Research and design a prototype of a Human Lunar Landing System capable of descending to 

and ascending from the lunar surface or a Lunar Terrain Vehicle.

Driving questions: How do we go to and from lunar surface? Where are we going on the 

Moon? How do we communicate in transit to surface?

Presentation Subtopics include:

Spacecraft design for descent to surface and ascent from surface (propulsion and timelines); 

Entry, descent, and landing site on lunar surface; Communication in transit to and on surface; 

Analog mission to Lunar surface

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)

Option 1. Human Landing System (HLS) prototype includes:

Compact life support system; Autonomous docking to lunar Gateway or human rated

capsule; Staged from lunar Gateway orbit; Deployable; Compact operating and propulsion

system; Electrical energy system; Radiation protection; Guidance, navigation and control

system.

Option 2. Lunar Terrain Vehicle (LTV) prototype includes: 

Unpressurized (unenclosed), Transport crew around site, Ability to explore and conduct 

experiments in lunar south pole, Staged on lunar surface prior to crew arrival, Electronic 

vehicle energy storage and management, Autonomous driving, Extreme environmental

resistance

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)
2022 Texas High School Aerospace Scholars Onsite Curriculum

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Alignment 130.417 Scientific Research and Design

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Research and Prototype Focus Objectives TEKS

Living on Lunar Surface

Research and design a prototype of a Lunar Foundation Surface Habitat (FSH).

Driving questions: How do we build a surface habitat? What do we need? How do we 

mitigate lunar hazards?

Presentation Subtopics include:

Lunar surface hazards (Micrometeroid & radiation shielding, and dust mitigation); Launching 

pad; Pilot plants; Pressure and temperature mitigation

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)

The Lunar Foundation Surface Habitat (FSH) prototype includes: 

Biomedical station for testing and evaluation of human beings; Geological station for testing 

rock samples and evaluating rock specimens (Mass spectrometer, Chemical analysis of rocks, 

Atmospheric sensors for analyzing atmospheric content, Radiation Assessment Detector, 

Laser-Induced Remote Sensing that has the ability to capture high-resolution images); 

Engineering station set-up for maintenance and repairs of rovers, equipment, etc; Plant 

growing area with automatic watering and lighting system; Communications; Power; Airlock; 

Waste disposal

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)
2022 Texas High School Aerospace Scholars Onsite Curriculum

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Alignment 130.417 Scientific Research and Design

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Research and Prototype Focus Objectives TEKS

Exploring Lunar South Pole

Research and design a prototype of a lunar spacesuit helmet AND glove that can sustain life 

support, but incorporates requirements for mobility, functionality, and comfort.

Driving questions: How do we survive during Extravehicular Activities (EVAs), or spacewalks?

What are the dangers? What science can we collect during a spacewalk?

Presentation Subtopics include:

Advanced space suit requirements; Lunar surface hazards; Lunar (1/6) gravity issues; Lunar 

atmosphere and surface hazards.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)

The Helmet Prototype includes:

Encompass the entire head of the astronaut; Must have lights, hoses for oxygen and

ventilation; Must provide water to the crew; Must have a clear visor, with an overlay to 

protect the astronaut’s eyes; Need to have a connection point to the rest of the suit; Must 

have a communication system built in.

The Glove Prototype includes:

Must be able to be evaluated for comfort and mobility by multiple subjects; Must be able to 

easily grip a penny and hold on to it; Must represent temperature adjustment for inside the

glove; Fingertips must be made out of a harder material and evaluated for accuracy; Outer 

material must be flexible, but be able to hold pressure; Fingers must have a full range of 

motion and be evaluated by multiple subjects.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)
2022 Texas High School Aerospace Scholars Onsite Curriculum

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Alignment 130.417 Scientific Research and Design

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Research and Prototype Focus Objectives TEKS

Exploring Lunar Surface

Research and design a prototype of a Lunar Mobile Habitat. Must have a cutaway section so 

inside can be viewed. 

Driving questions: Why are we going? What are we hoping to discover? How are we going to 

track our lunar discoveries?

Presentation Subtopics include:

Long duration trips, Laboratories and tools, Demonstrate in-situ reutilization, Science goals & 

analog exploration of Moon

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)

The Lunar Mobile Habitat Prototype includes:

Ability to rove across lunar surface; Support a crew for long duration trips of 10s of km; 

Mission duration on surface from 7 to 30-45 days from base camp; Space stowage area; 

Photography/observation portal; Rock hammer/crusher device, tool box containing necessary 

tools for operation; Communications; Battery or solar power for operations

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)
2022 Texas High School Aerospace Scholars Onsite Curriculum

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Alignment 130.417 Scientific Research and Design

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Research and Prototype Focus Objectives TEKS

Expanding Lunar Orbit

Research and design a prototype of Expanded Gateway Habitat OR a Sample Return Vehicle

Driving questions: How do we expand Gateway to prepare for Mars mission? How will we do 

a Mars mission? How will we communicate in transit to Mars?

Presentation Subtopics include:

Expanded gateway for Mars analog mission, How to live and communicate on voyage to

Mars, Risk mitigation for two years flight to and from Mars, Maximum exploration with 

minimum Martian surface time.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)

Option 1. The Expanded Gateway Habitat prototype includes:

International habitation module that can dock to initialGateway; Additional systems to 

support human Mars mission preparation; Robotic arm; Additional logistics element; 

Additional supportsystems; Model must exhibit at least three additional systems that are of 

the team’s original design.

Option 2. Sample Return Vehicle prototype includes:

Two sample collection devices (different types of devices); two return device capsules; 

Return Propulsion System; Return vehicle, capable of landing on a rough surface; Ability to 

rove across the Martian surface; Mass spectrometry device that detects chemicals for drilling

areas; Battery or solar power for operations; Photography/observation portal; Core sample 

collectors; Launchpad for sample return mission to lift-off from.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)
2022 Texas High School Aerospace Scholars Onsite Curriculum

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Alignment 130.417 Scientific Research and Design

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Research and Prototype Focus Objectives TEKS

Expanding Lunar Surface

Research and design a prototype of a Lunar Hopper OR a Lunar Crater Radio Telescope 

(LCRT).

Driving questions: How do we expand lunar surface operations? What do we need for long 

duration Lunar missions? How do track our Lunar discoveries?

Presentation Subtopics include:

Advanced lunar surface power and long duration power for lunar surface mission; Mars 

gravity issues (38% of Earth’s gravitational pull); Autonomous manufacturing, excavation, 

and construction; Science objectives of hopper and radio telescope

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)

Option 1. The Lunar Hopper prototype includes:

Deliver science and technology payloads across lunar surface; Controlled by Artemis base

camp; Ability to prospect for resources; Use locally resourced fuel; Propulsion systems; Aerial 

coverage and access to extreme terrain; Able to explore pits and caves; Hop over obstacles; 

Accelerometers.

Option 2. The Lunar Crater Radio Telescope (LCRT) prototype includes:

Remotely emplaced by Artemis base camp; Determine best location of farside lunar crater; 

Signal/noise reduction system; Lunar wall climbing robotics; Suitable depth-to-diameter ratio

Reflector; Extreme environmental resistance.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,C,D,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(10)(A,B)
2022 Texas High School Aerospace Scholars Onsite Curriculum

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Alignment 130.417 Scientific Research and Design

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8

PRESENTATIONS AND TOURS TO SUPPORT MISSION TO MARS RESEARCH CHALLENGE

Presentations and Topic Focus Objective TEKS

Mission Parameters Set-up for 

Mission to Moon and then Mars

Research Challenge

Variables affecting a human mission 

to Moon in preparation for Mars are 

the year the launch happens, duration 

on Mars, duration in space travel, 

crew count, and cost.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,E,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(C)

Independent 

GooseChase:

Artemis Program, NASA’s Plan 

for Sustained Lunar Exploration 

and Development.

NASA is committed to landing 

American astronauts, including the 

first woman and first person of 

color, on the Moon through the

Artemis program. Through the

agency’s Artemis lunar exploration 

program, we will use innovative 

new technologies and systems to 

explore more of the Moon than 

ever before. We will collaborate 

with our commercial and 

international partners to establish 

sustainable missions. And then we 

will use what we learn on and 

around the Moon to take the next 

giant leap – sending astronauts to 

Mars.

Overview of how the mission 

architecture of the Artemis program 

and why it is important to develop a 

sustainable presence on the Moon.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(2)(B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(A,B,D,F)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(B,C,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,C)
2022 Texas High School Aerospace Scholars Onsite Curriculum

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Alignment 130.417 Scientific Research and Design

Page 13 of 15

8

Presentations and Topic Focus Objective TEKS

Independent GooseChase: 

Commercial Crew Program 

and Ride to Station

Simulation.

Overview of NASA’s Commercial Crew 

Program is working with the American 

aerospace industry as companies 

develop and operate a new generation 

of spacecraft and launch systems 

capable of carrying crews to low-Earth 

orbit and the International Space 

Station.

Commercial transportation to and 

from the station will provide expanded 

utility, additional research time and 

broader opportunities of discovery on 

the orbiting laboratory. The station is 

critical for NASA to understand and 

overcome the challenges of longduration spaceflight necessary for the 

journey to Mars. By encouraging 

industry to provide human 

transportation services to and from 

low-Earth orbit, NASA can expand its 

focus on building spacecraft and 

rockets for deep space missions.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(B,C,D,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(C,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A)
2022 Texas High School Aerospace Scholars Onsite Curriculum

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Alignment 130.417 Scientific Research and Design

Page 14 of 15

8

Presentations and Topic Focus Objective TEKS

Independent GooseChase &

NASA Live Sessions:

Students to learn of NASA STEM 

& Non-STEM careers, including 

NASA Internships & Pathways

Careers at NASA are both STEM and 

non-STEM based, and the 

projects/work happening is diversified 

as the career path that led employees 

to NASA.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,E,F,G,J)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(C,D,F)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(B,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,C)

NASA Internships Live Session. 

Education Opportunities and 

Internships/OSSI

Scholarships and internships are 

available to students who are 

interested in STEM education and 

NASA careers.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(C,F)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(B,C)

Current 

Research on 

the 

International 

Space Station

Operating as a unique microgravity 

national laboratory for scientific 

research, the space station

facilitates the development of U.S. 

commercial cargo and commercial 

crew space transportation 

capabilities. The space station 

enables research and technology 

developments that will benefit 

human and robotic exploration of 

destinations beyond low-Earth 

orbit, including asteroids

and Mars.

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(B,C,D,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,C)
2022 Texas High School Aerospace Scholars Onsite Curriculum

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Alignment 130.417 Scientific Research and Design

Page 15 of 15

8

Presentations and Topic Focus Objective TEKS

Independent GooseChase: 

Mars 2020 Perseverance & 

Ingenuity, and NASA's James 

Webb Space Telescope

Overview

The Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover 

searches for signs of ancient microbial 

life, which will advance NASA's quest 

to explore the past habitability of 

Mars. Perseverance also tests

technologies to help pave the way for 

future human exploration of Mars.

Research of Ingenuity flight test and 

factors necessary for a successful 

flight, including development of a 

hypothesis and theory.

The Webb telescope will be the 

premier observatory of the next 

decade, serving thousands of 

astronomers worldwide. It will study 

every phase in the history of our 

Universe, ranging from the first 

luminous glows after the Big Bang, to 

the formation of solar systems capable 

of supporting life on planets like Earth, 

to the evolution of our own Solar 

System. Describe reasons relating to 

the importance of the Webb Space 

Telescope mission objective

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(3)(A,B,C,D,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(4)(B,C,D,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(5)(A,B)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(6)(A,B,C,D)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(7)(A,C)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(8)(C,F,G)

130.417 Scientific Research and Design (c)(9)(A,C)