IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA No. 17

- 0195 Filed February 21, 2018

BRIAN ALBERT MAHEDY , Plaintiff

- Appell ant ,
vs. AMANDA JEAN GIBSON , Defendant

- Appell ee

.

________________________________________________________________ Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Warren County, Richard B. Clogg , Judge.

A father appeals the custody order placing his two children in the physical care of their mother. AFFIRME D.

Scott D. Fisher of Fisher Law Firm, P.L.C. , Urbandale , for appellant. Amanda Jean Gibson , Newton , self

- represented appellee.

Considered by Doyle, P.J., and Tabor and McDonald, JJ.2

TABOR, Judge. Brian Mahedy and Amanda Gibson are the parents of N.G., now eleven years old, and R.G., now three years old. After Brian brought an action to establish custody under Iowa Code chapter 600B (2015) , the district court granted joint legal custody and placed physical care with Amanda. On a ppeal, Brian asks this court to assign physical care of the children to him.
I. F acts and Prior Proceedings Brian and Amanda engaged in an on

- again

- off

- again re lationship for several years. N.G. was born in 2006. Alt hough no formal custodial agreement existed , Brian often exercised informal visitation with N.G. on the weekends. Amanda had two children from other relationships. Brian and Amanda reunited in
2013 and R.G. was born in 2014. W hen their relationship ended , t he c hildren remained in Amanda’s care. Brian sought a formal custodial agreement and filed a petition to establish custody in August 2015. 1 Brian and Amanda completed mediation and agreed on a temporary custodial arra ngement giving Amanda physical care of the children and granting Brian visitation every other weekend. Initially Brian exercised his visitation with out controversy , but the situation changed whe n Amanda and the children moved to Michigan. O n March 25, 2016 , Amanda requested visitation stop becaus e of concerning statements made by N.G. abou t Brian’s treatment of her and her brother. In April, t he district court denied the motion to suspend

1 Paternity , along with child support , was established in a prior proceeding.3

visitation. But visitation did not resume, and Brian brought a contempt action against Amanda

. After a serie s of delays , Brian’s custody petition came to trial in October 2016. In addition to Brian, Brian’s mother and sister, and Amanda’s ex

- husband testified in favor of Brian’s petition . Amanda , who did not have an attorney , testified on her own behalf. The district court issued a written decree granting Amanda physical care . The court r eason ed it was in the children’s bes t interests to remain in Amanda’ s care given her long history as their primary caregiver. Because of the geographical distance between pa rents, Brian was granted visitation on the second weekend of each month and certain portions of holiday and summer brea ks. The court also ruled on Brian’s contempt motion, concluding Amanda prohibited visitation on twelve weekends since she moved to Michi gan. As a remedy, the court granted Brian an additional consecutive fourteen days of visitation during the upcoming summer break. Dissatisfied with the court’s ruling, Brian appeals and seeks physical care of the children. Amanda did not file a timely

a ppellee’s brief.
II. Scope and Standard of Review We review custody proceedings de novo. See Iowa R. App. P. 6.907; Lambert v. Everist , 418 N.W.2d 40, 42 (Iowa 1988) (noting we use same legal analysis in custody as dissolution proceedings). But “we give considerable weight to the sound judgment of the trial court who has had the benefit of hearing and observing the parties firsthand.” In re Marriage of Kleist , 538 N.W.2d 273, 278 (Iowa 1995).4 Our primary concern is the best interests of N.G. and R.G. See In re Marriage of Fennelly

, 737 N.W.2d 97, 101 (Iowa 2007). When determining physical care, we are guided by the factors established in Iowa Code section 598.41(3) and In re Marriage of Wint er , 223 N.W.2d 165, 166

– 67 (Iowa 1974). McKee v. Dicus , 785 N.W.2d 733, 737 (Iowa Ct. App. 2010). But because each family presents its own strengths and challenges, our determination is based on
t he circumstances of the instant case. See Kleist , 538 N.W.2d at 276.
III. Analysis We start with the realization j oint physical care will not work in the instant case. “ Although Iowa Code section 598.41(3) does not directly apply to physical care decisions, w e have held that the factors listed here as well as other facts and circumstances are relevant in determining whether joint physical care is in the best inte rest of the child.” In re Marriage of Hansen , 733 N.W.2d 683, 696 (Iowa 2007). Brian and Amanda l ive in different states and have difficulty communicating effectively

— precluding a joint physical care arra ngement

. See id. at 698. Because joint physical care is not appropriate we must grant physical care to one parent and visitation to the other. In re Marriage of Hynick , 727 N.W.2d 575, 579 (Iowa 2007)

. On appeal, Bria n focuses on Amanda’s failure to deliver the children for his visitation after moving to Michigan. See Iowa Code § 598.41(3)(e) (listing as consideration “whether each parent can suppo rt the other parent’s relationship with the child”)

. Brian notes his steady job and stable housing with his mother and her boyfriend. But at its core, his argument reflects more his instinct to punish Amanda than a genuine desire to provide the children with a nurturing home life. For5

instance, Brian asserts “Amanda should not be rewarded for unilaterally deciding to destroy the children’s relationship with their own father.” Custody “ is not a matter of reward or punishment .” In re Marriage of Teepe, 2 71 N.W.2d 740, 742 (Iowa 1978) (citation omitted). The question is which parent can minister more effectively to the long

- range needs of the children. In re Marriage of Barry , 588 N.W.2d 711, 712 (Iowa Ct. App. 1998). After reviewing the available record and giving deference to the district court’s ability to observe both parents, we conclude Amanda is be tter suited to serve as primary caretaker. Amanda has served in this role for the entirety of the children’s lives. See Iowa Code § 598.41(3)(d) (consi dering parent’s caretaker role before and after separation when determining physical care). In contrast, Brian has only tended to the children’s needs in a limited capacity . W hen asked how he would manage his work schedule and parenting duties he indicat ed he would rely heavily on his family. H e also admitted to giving “some thought but not a lot” to how he would provide daytime care to R.G. during the week. Granting Amanda physical care also allows N.G. and R.G. to live with their half

- siblings, and “ [t]here is a presumption that siblings should not be separated.” 2 See In re Marriage of Will , 489 N.W.2d 394, 398 (Iowa 1992) (citing In re Marriage of Jones , 309 N.W.2d 457, 461 (Iowa 1981)). Amanda provided unrebutted testimony indicating N.G., in part icular, was very close with her half

- siblings. We will not disrupt such a harmonious sibling relationship without compelling reason. See id.

2 The presumption against separating siblings applies to half

- siblings as well. See In re Marriage of Orte , 389 N.W.2d 373, 374 (Iowa 1986).6 While Amanda’s failure to abide by the temporary visitation schedule is troubling, this alone does not sway our c onclusion. Both parents have struggle d to put their children’s needs before their personal squabbles. The district court set out a more feasible visitation schedule than the temporary agreement , making compliance more realistic. We emphasize both parent s must comply with the provisions of the decree.
IV. Conclusion For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the district court’s decree granting Amanda physical care and visitation to Brian.
AFFIRMED.