WALKING TO OLYMPUS

AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011 VOLUME 2

MONOGRAPHS IN AEROSPACE HISTORY, NO. 50

Julie B. Ta

Robert C. Treviño
WALKING TO OLYMPUS

AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

VOLUME 2

Julie B. Ta 

 Robert C. Treviño

MONOGRAPHS IN AEROSPACE HISTORY SERIES #50

APRIL 2016

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NASA History Program Office

Public Outreach Division

Office of Communications

NASA Headquarters

Washington, DC 20546

NASA SP-2016-4550
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Ta, Julie B., author.

Walking to Olympus: an EVA chronology, 1997–2011 / by Julie B. Ta and Robert C. Treviño. – 

Second edition.

pages cm. – (Monographs in aerospace history series; #50)

“April 2016.”

Continuation of: Walking to Olympus / David S.F. Portree and Robert C. Treviño. 1997.

“NASA SP-2015-4550.”

Includes bibliographical references and index.

1. Extravehicular activity (Manned space flight)–History–Chronology. 

I. Treviño, Robert C., author. II. Title.

TL1096.P67 2015

629.45’84–dc23

2015030907

ON THE COVER

Astronaut Steve Robinson, anchored to a foot restraint on the International Space Station’s 

Canadarm2, participates in the STS-114 mission’s third spacewalk. Robinson holds a digital still 

camera, updated for use on spacewalks, in his left hand. (NASA S114e6651)

This publication is available as a free download at http://www.nasa.gov/ebooks.
∕∕ iii

CONTENTS

Foreword  

Introduction .  

The Chronology. 

1997 1

1998 7

1999 15

2000 21

2001 29

2002 41

2003 55

2004 57

2005 61

2006 67

2007 77

2008 93

2009 107

2010 121

2011 133

Acronyms and Abbreviations   .

NASA History Series.  .

Index   .

∕∕ v

FOREWORD 

As former NASA Chief Historian Roger 

Launius noted in the foreword to the first 

edition of this chronology, one of the most significant activities conducted in space happens 

when humans leave their spacecraft and operate 

in spacesuits. Extravehicular activities (EVAs) 

require great technical skills, sophisticated technologies, meticulous planning and training, 

and careful coordination of human capabilities. 

EVAs have not only accomplished significant 

work in space that could not be done any other 

way, but they have also yielded enormous knowledge, skills, and experience among the astronaut 

and cosmonaut corps about how to work beyond 

the confines of Earth’s atmosphere.

As somebody who has designed spacesuits, 

pushed technology innovation, and devoted considerable time to thinking about how humans 

can best perform and use tools in space, this publication is intensely interesting to me. Human 

spaceflight is often considered the greatest challenge in space exploration and EVAs are at the 

crux of human spaceflight and exploration. While 

there are still many uncertainties about our eventual human voyages to Mars, there is still at least 

one certainty: we will need to be able to work 

successfully outside of the space vehicles and habitats to make that journey. In doing so, we will 

inevitably build on the rich history of EVAs that 

has enabled us to walk on the Moon, service the 

Hubble Space Telescope, build the International 

Space Station, and much more. By understanding our past successes and limitations, we can 

ensure that the best is indeed yet to come. 

Dr. Dava J. Newman

Deputy Administrator

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

14 July 2015

∕∕ vii

INTRODUCTION

The first edition of Walking to Olympus: An 

EVA Chronology (Monograph in Aerospace 

History #7, October 1997) spanned a period 

of space exploration of 32 years, from the first 

spacewalks in 1965 to the end of the Shuttle-Mir 

program in 1997. It included EVAs performed by 

both Soviet/Russian cosmonauts and American 

astronauts. The Soviet/Russian s pace programs 

that involved spacewalks were the Voskhod, 

Soyuz, Salyut, Mir, and Shuttle-Mir. During 

this same time period, the USA space programs 

that included spacewalks were Gemini, Apollo, 

Skylab, Space Shuttle, and the Shuttle-Mir. 

This second volume of Walking to Olympus

continues from the end of the Shuttle-Mir program in 1997 to the end of the Space Shuttle 

Program in 2011. It includes not only spacewalks 

performed by American and European astronauts 

and the Russian/Soviet cosmonauts, but also 

those of the newest members of the EVA community, the taikonauts of the People’s Republic 

of China (Chinese taikonauts performed their 

first spacewalk on 27 September 2008). Space 

programs with EVAs that are included in this 

second volume are: the Mir and the International 

Space Station (ISS) programs (Russia), the Space 

Shuttle and the ISS programs (USA), and the 

Shenzhou space program (China). 

The publication of this second EVA chronology of spacewalks coincides with two major 

anniversaries of significance to the human spaceflight community: the 50th Anniversary of EVA 

and the 25th anniversary of the Hubble Space 

Telescope (HST). The HST was launched on 

STS-31 on 24 April 1990. Repaired, maintained, and upgraded by EVA crewmembers 

over five Hubble Servicing Missions spanning 

16 years, HST has continued to give the world 

a whole new view and understanding of our universe thanks to EVA technology, and the hard 

work of the spacewalkers.

Several key events and themes are notable 

during the time period this monograph covers: 

the building of the ISS, the servicing of the 

HST, and the STS-107 Columbia accident. For 

those interested in understanding how spacewalkers assembled the various modules of ISS, 

please see Gary Kitmacher’s Reference Guide to 

the International Space Station (NASA SP-557, 

2006). Several other publications cover various 

aspects of ISS history, and we also recommend

http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/station/index.

html for more information. Regarding HST history, there is a selective bibliography online at 

http://history.nasa.gov/hubble/bib.html. The scholarly starting point on this subject is Robert Smith’s 

The Space Telescope: A Study of NASA, Science, 

Technology, and Politics (Cambridge University 

Press 1989), which takes the story up to launch; 

a follow-up volume covering HST’s operations is 

being researched and written now. Roger Launius 

and David DeVorkin’s Hubble’s Legacy: Reflections 

by Those Who Dreamed It, Built It, and Observed 

the Universe with It (Smithsonian Press 2014) 

is an excellent edited volume of relevant essays. 

The STS-107 Columbia accident on 1 February 

2003, was certainly a major defining event for 

NASA in general and human spaceflight more 
viii WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

specifically. For basic background on what happened and why, a good starting point is http://

history.nasa.gov/columbia. 

Spacewalks have become iconic and still capture the public’s imagination when they see a 

human in a spacesuit in the extreme environment 

of space. The phrase “Walking to Olympus” is a 

symbolic expression of humans inevitably landing on Mars and exploring the planet for 

humanity, including Olympus Mons, the largest 

volcano in our solar system.

Roland W. Newkirk, Ivan D. Ertel, and 

Courtney G. Brooks’s Skylab: A Chronology

(NASA SP-4011, 1977) was the inspiration for 

this EVA chronology. Its Foreword, written by 

Skylab astronaut Charles Conrad, Jr., stated, 

“This chronology relates only the beginning; 

the best is yet to come from Skylab.” Walking to 

Olympus also narrates only the beginning, as the 

best is yet to come from further developments of 

EVA technology, as well as the future discoveries 

and applications made possible by EVA.

In keeping with the writing style and tradition of the first volume, this second volume has 

maintained essentially the same format. Our 

readers can follow the information more easily by 

noting the definitions and criteria we established 

to maintain consistency in the EVA times, dates, 

names, and format of the text. These definitions 

include the following:

Starting with the Space Shuttle Program, EVA 

start and end times are based on the spacesuit’s 

Portable Life Support System’s Battery On and 

Battery Off times during an EVA.

Date of an EVA is the day that the EVA starts 

since several EVAs start in one day, go past midnight, and end the next day.

EVA crewmembers are listed in the order of 

lead spacewalker and then other EVA crewmembers whenever possible. 

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support and encouragement by many in the NASA, 

contractor, and academia team that makes up 

the EVA community. The authors would like to 

acknowledge Bill Barry, NASA Chief Historian; 

Steve Garber of the NASA History Program 

Office; the NASA Johnson Space Center 

(JSC) History Office; the NASA JSC Mission 

Operations Directorate; the EVA Division that 

maintains the official times for the EVAs; the 

NASA JSC EVA Office that also maintains an 

EVA database that was used to cross-reference 

information; Richard Fullerton; Keith Johnson; 

Randall McDaniel; Jeannie Corte; the Crew and 

Thermal Systems Division; and the many contractors associated with EVA. We also thank the 

peer reviewers for their thoughtful feedback; as 

well as Betty Ta, King Ta, and Matthew Stuhl 

whose encouragement was invaluable.

Thanks are also due to a number of talented 

professionals who helped bring this project 

from manuscript to finished publication. Editor 

Yvette Smith in the NASA History Program 

Office performed her usual outstanding work 

preparing the manuscript for production. In 

the Communications Support Service Center: 

J. Andrew Cooke carefully copyedited the text,

Michele Ostovar did an expert job laying out

the design graphically and creating the e-book

version, Kristen Harley thoroughly indexed our

work, and printing specialist Tun Hla made sure

the traditional hard copies were printed to exacting standards. Supervisors Barbara Bullock and

Michele Ostovar helped by overseeing all of this

CSSC production work.

Of course, the authors assume responsibility 

for any error.
∕∕ 1

THE CHRONOLOGY

1997

15–24 May STS-84/Atlantis

1–17 July STS-94/Columbia

5 August Soyuz-TM 26/Mir PE-24 launch

7–19 August STS-85/Discovery

22 AUGUST

1997 EVA 7

World EVA 155

Russian EVA 79

Space Station EVA 88

Mir EVA 62

Duration: 5:30

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-24

Crew: Anatoli Solovyov, Pavel Vinogradov, Michael Foale (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Anatoli Solovyov, Pavel Vinogradov

Purpose: Assess damage from Progress collision; connect solar array 

power cables inside Spektr; inspect Spektr interior for leaks; retrieve science 

and personal items from Spektr

On 25 June, during an attempt to dock a remote-controlled Progress resupply ship, a collision occurred 

with Mir’s Spektr module. The accident caused a puncture in Spektr that led to a drop in cabin pressure in the entire station. Mir then started to spin at a rate of once every 6 minutes. The crew was able 

to close Spektr’s hatch and stabilize the station, avoiding an emergency evacuation. The collision raised 

concerns regarding the safety of Mir and future Shuttle-Mir missions. An internal NASA evaluation 

and two independent assessments took place before NASA Administrator Daniel Goldin approved the 

succeeding Shuttle-Mir missions. This on-orbit accident was the first spacecraft depressurization caused 

by an accident in the history of human spaceflight. Prior to this EVA, there was concern about the 

large amount of debris and loose cables in the depressurized Spektr module that could be hazardous to 

the spacewalkers. Anatoli Solovyov and Pavel Vinogradov were the first to begin repairing the damage 

caused by the collision. They reconnected Spektr’s power cables to a new custom hatch, surveyed 

Spektr’s depressurized interior, and recovered Michael Foale’s personal and experimental materials.1

1. “Mission Archives: STS-86”, Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 2 November 2015, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-86.html)
2 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

FIGURE 1. Damaged Spektr Solar Array. A 70-mm view of Russia’s Mir space station backdropped 

against a cloud-covered Earth was photographed during a fly-around by the Space Shuttle 

Atlantis following the conclusion of joint docking activities between the Mir-24 and STS-86 crews

One of the solar array panels on the Spektr module shows damage incurred during the impact of 

a Russian uncrewed Progress resupply ship that collided with the space station on 25 June 1997

(NASA STS086-710-007)

6 SEPTEMBER

1997 EVA 8

World EVA 156

Russian EVA 80/

U.S. EVA 78

Space Station EVA 89

Mir EVA 63

Duration: 6:00

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-24

Crew: Anatoli Solovyov, Pavel Vinogradov, Michael Foale (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Anatoli Solovyov, Michael Foale

Purpose: Inspect Spectr exterior for air leaks; rotate two Spektr solar arrays

Foale accompanied Solovyov on a 6-hour spacewalk to inspect the Spektr module and adjust its solar 

panels. The EVA was particularly dangerous due to the risk created by Spektr’s debris and sharp edges 

resulting from the damaged structure that could penetrate the spacesuits. Solovyov performed most 

of the detailed work. He removed layers of thermal blankets from Spektr with a sharp tool. Foale later 

stated during an oral history interview that Solovyov “was using a razor [sic] knife to basically cut away 

at the insulation. We had a camera with us called the Gleesa. It showed the hull to be damaged in that 
The Chronology // 1997 3

area though the exterior panels were buckled and bent there and some of the support was bent.” The 

source of the leak on Spektr was never found. Meanwhile, Foale shot video footage and operated the 

Strela, a long cargo boom, used to maneuver Solovyov. The spacewalkers also adjusted a solar panel, 

increasing Mir’s power supply by 10 percent. Though the EVA was successfully completed, concern 

over the safety of Mir and Shuttle-Mir missions increased when Solovyov discussed his frustration and 

breathing problems during the EVA. Ground Chief Vladimir Solovyov acknowledged he may have 

“over-assigned” Foale and Solovyov’s already dangerous tasks.2

25 September STS-86/Atlantis launch

1 OCTOBER

1997 EVA 9

World EVA 157

Russian EVA 81/U.S. EVA 79

Shuttle EVA 38

Duration: 5:01

Spacecraft/mission: STS-86

Crew: James Wetherbee, Michael Bloomfield, Scott Parazynski, Wendy 

Lawrence, David Wolf, Jean-Loup Chretien (CNES), Vladimir Titov (Russian 

Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Scott Parazynski, Vladimir Titov

Purpose: Retrieve four Mir Environmental Effects Payloads (MEEPS) 

materials; attach solar array cap to docking module; test the Simplified Aid 

for EVA Rescue (SAFER) jet packs; test U.S. and Russian tethe

Vladimir Titov and Scott Parazynski’s spacewalk marked the first joint U.S.-Russian EVA with a 

Shuttle docked to the Mir. Their 5-hour, 1-minute spacewalk required them to attach a 121-pound 

(54.88-kilogram) solar array cap to Mir’s docking module, allowing crewmembers to seal off Spektr’s 

suspected air leak. The astronauts also recovered four MEEPS. A failed valve prevented the SAFER jet 

packs from firing, causing the test to be declared unsuccessful. The jet packs were designed to assist 

spacewalkers maneuver back to Mir or a future space station if they became untethered.3

6 October STS-86/Atlantis landing

2. “Mission Archives: STS-86,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 2 November 2015, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-86.html); “Possible Source of Leak on Mir Found,” CNN, accessed 2 November 2015, (http://

www.cnn.com/TECH/9709/06/mir.update); “Shuttle-Mir Stories–Foale on his EVA,” Kim Dismukes, editor, (http://spaceflight.

nasa.gov/history/shuttle-mir/history/h-flights.htm); “U.S. Mir Residents: Michael Foale,” Kim Dismukes, editor, (http:

spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/shuttle-mir/people/p-r-foale.htm)

3. “Mission Archives: STS-86,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed October 20, 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-86.html)
4 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

20 OCTOBER 

1997 EVA 10

World EVA 158

Russian EVA 82

Space Station EVA 90 

Mir EVA 64

Duration: 6:10

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-24 

Crew: Anatoli Solovyov, Pavel Vinogradov, David Wolf (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Anatoli Solovyov, Pavel Vinogradov

Purpose: Connect two of Spektr’s solar array orientation cables

Solovyov and Vinogradov connected two of Spektr’s three cables, allowing the solar arrays to reorient 

and maximize solar efficiency. The solar arrays provided electrical power for the Spektr, which was now 

depressurized and unusable after the collision.4

3 NOVEMBER

1997 EVA 10

World EVA 159

Russian EVA 83

Space Station EVA 91 

Mir EVA 65

Duration: 6:05

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-24

Crew: Anatoli Solovyov, Pavel Vinogradov, David Wolf (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Anatoli Solovyov, Pavel Vinogradov 

Purpose: Transfer solar array from Kvant 1 to base block; install Vozduk CO2

system; retrieve Kvant 2 science data; release Sputnik anniversary satellite

The spacewalkers detached the solar array from Kvant 1, then folded and transferred it to the module’s 

base block. They retrieved data from Kvant 2’s science experiments for further study. The Vozduk CO2, 

a carbon dioxide removal system, was also installed. The cosmonauts then celebrated the anniversary 

of Earth’s first artificial satellite by launching a Sputnik mock-up. Upon reentering the spacecraft, the 

Kvant 2 outer hatch would not hermetically seal due to the “C” clamp’s deterioration. The inner compartment was used as a backup airlock.5

6 NOVEMBER

1997 EVA 12

World EVA 160

Russian EVA 84

Space Station EVA 92 

Mir EVA 66

Duration: 6:19

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-24 Crew: Anatoli Solovyov, Pavel Vinogradov, 

David Wolf (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Anatoli Solovyov, Pavel Vinogradov

Purpose: Install new solar array to Kvant 1; install Vozduk CO2 outlet 

diffuser; install backup bolts on Kvant 2 

4. Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Skoog, Springer, 2003, p

5. Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler with Michael D. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 

Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Skoog, Springer, 2003, p. 
The Chronology // 1997 5

The cosmonauts completed the goals of the previous spacewalk and replaced the solar array attached to 

Kvant 1. For the first time, the Strela cranes handed off a stowed solar array. Since the Kvant 2 hatch 

could not repressurize correctly during the previous excursion, the spacewalkers inspected the hatch 

and fastened it with additional bolts.6

19 November STS-87/Columbia launch

24 NOVEMBER

1997 EVA 13

World EVA 161

Japanese EVA 1

U.S. EVA 80

Shuttle EVA 39

Duration: 7:43

Spacecraft/mission: STS-87

Crew: Kevin Kregel, Steven Lindsey, Winston Scott, Kalpana Chawla, Takao 

Doi (NASDA), Leonid Kadenyuk (NSAU) 

Spacewalkers: Winston Scott, Takao Doi 

Purpose: Unscheduled EVA to manually capture and berth SPARTAN 201; 

demonstrate ISS end-to-end EVA assembly and maintenance operations in 

time remaining

NASA delayed SPARTAN 201’s scheduled release into orbit by a day, allowing its accompanying spacecraft, the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), to return online. On November 22, Kalpana 

Chawla operated the Remote Manipulator System (RMS), Columbia’s mechanical arm, to unberth 

and then release SPARTAN. However, a problem with the attitude control system, which allowed 

precise pointing toward solar targets, prevented the spacecraft from completing a pirouette turn successfully. Chawla regrasped and released SPARTAN, causing it to spin approximately two degrees per 

second. Kevin Kregel attempted to match Columbia’s rotation with SPARTAN’s, but the maneuver 

was cancelled by the flight director. Only one EVA was originally planned for the mission, but two 

days later, Winston Scott and Takao Doi executed an unscheduled EVA to retrieve the free-floating 

SPARTAN. Doi became the first Japanese astronaut to perform a spacewalk. After recapturing the 

satellite, they resumed preparations for the on-orbit assembly of the International Space Station (ISS). 

The spacewalkers’ work focused on testing tools and equipment and demonstrating EVA operations 

needed for ISS assembly and maintenance.7

6. Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Skoog, Springer, 2003, p

7. NASA Science: Missions: Spartan 201, accessed 2 November 2015, (http://science.nasa.gov/missions/spartan); “Missio

Archives: STS-87,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 2 November 2015, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-87.html); “Missions: SPARTAN 201,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 

2 November 2015, (https://archive.org/details/NIX-KSC-97PC-1460); Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration, accessed 2 November 2015, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/soho/index.html)
6 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

3 DECEMBER

1997 EVA 14

World EVA 162

Japanese EVA 2 

U.S. EVA 81

Shuttle EVA 40

Duration: 4:59

Spacecraft/mission: STS-87 

Crew: Kevin R. Kregel, Steven Lindsey, Winston Scott, Kalpana Chawla,

Takao Doi (JAXA), Leonid Kadenyuk (NSAU)

Spacewalkers: Winston Scott, Takao Doi

Purpose: Demonstrate ISS end-to-end EVA assembly and maintenance 

operations; deploy and retrieve Autonomous Extravehicular Activity Robotic 

Camera (AERCam) Sprint video camera

Scott and Doi’s first unscheduled spacewalk had the objective of retrieving and berthing the SPARTAN 

satellite manually, leaving their initial goals of the originally scheduled EVA to demonstrate ISS endto-end EVA assembly and maintenance operations using the ISS crane incomplete. The second EVA 

allowed the astronauts to finish testing the EVA crane and the AERCam Sprint. The spacewalkers 

manually operated the crane, which allowed future ISS EVA crews to move Orbital Replacement 

Units (ORUs), tools and equipment during ISS EVA assembly and maintenance operations efficiently. 

Meanwhile, IVA crewmember and Pilot Steven Lindsey maneuvered the AERCam Sprint remotely 

and demonstrated its benefit as a free-flying, extra set of “eyes” for future Shuttle orbiter and ISS 

inspections. The AERCam Sprint was a small soccer ball size spherical free-flying spacecraft with a soft 

impact-absorbing outer layer, 12 non-contaminating nitrogen gas thrusters and two television cameras. 

After a 30-minute flight, AERCam Sprint was manually retrieved and returned to the orbiter’s airlock.8

5 December STS-87/Columbia landing

8. “AERCam Sprint,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 18 December 2013, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/assembly/sprint)

“STS-87 Day 15 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 17 December 2013, (http://science.ksc.

nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-87/sts-87-day-15-highlights.html)
The Chronology // 1998 7

1998

9 JANUARY

1998 EVA 1

World EVA 163

Russian EVA 85

Space Station 93

Mir EVA 67

Duration: 3:06

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-24

Crew: Anatoli Solovyov, Pavel Vinogradov, David Wolf (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Anatoli Solovyov, Pavel Vinogradov

Purpose: Inspect and film the damaged Kvant 2 airlock hatch, retrieve 

Optical Properties Monitor (OPM) experiment from docking module

The OPM was contributed by the NASA Glenn Research Center to study optical and thermal properties in space further. The cosmonauts retrieved the OPM and prepared for its return to Earth. The 

Kvant 2 hatch, which had been damaged and repaired using the Strela boom, was inspected further 

and filmed for documentation. Repairs were then made to the hatch to complete the EVA.1

14 JANUARY 

1998 EVA 2

World EVA 164

Russian EVA 86/

U.S. EVA 82

Space Station EVA 94

Mir EVA 68

Duration: 3:52

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-24

Crew: Anatoli Solovyov, Pavel Vinogradov, David Wolf (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Anatoli Solovyov, David Wolf

Purpose: Use the Space Portable Spectroreflectormeter (SPSR) experiment 

on Kvant 2 radiator; Kvant 2 airlock hatch inspected and bolted closed

This EVA performed by David Wolf and Anatoli Solovyov was the third joint U.S.-Russian spacewalk. 

Wolf operated the SPSR and inspected Mir’s exterior surfaces. By directing the handheld SPSR toward 

Mir, the spacewalkers accumulated exceptional data from the station’s external surfaces. SPSR measured the absorption proficiencies of solar equipment, reflective mirrors, and other orbiting surfaces. 

Solovyov made additional repairs to the Kvant 2 hatch. The Kvant 2 module included an airlock unit, 

used for furthering EVA capabilities, biological, and Earth research.2

1. “Glenn’s Participation in Shuttle-Mir Missions,” Kathleen Zona, editor, accessed 13 February 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

centers/glenn/about/history/mirlewis.html); Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Skoog, Springer, 2003

p. 31

2. “Biographical Data: David A. Wolf,” National Aeronautics and Space Agency, accessed 28 December 2013, (http://www.j

nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/wolf.html); “Kvant-2 Module,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 3 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.

nasa.gov/history/shuttle-mir/spacecraft/s-mir-kvant2-main.htm); Phase 1 Program Joint Report, George C. Nield and Pavel

Mikhailovich Vorobiev, editors, accessed 8 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews/factsheets/pdfs/issphase1.

pdf); “Section 8–Extravehicular Activity,” Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov and Richard Fullerton, accessed 2 January 2014, 

(http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/shuttle-mir/references/documents/jr-sec8.pdf); “In-Situ Materials Experiments on the Mir 
8 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

22–31 January STS-89/Endeavour

29 January Soyuz-TM 27/Mir PE-25 launch

19 February Soyuz-TM 26/Mir PE-24 landing

1 APRIL 

1998 EVA 3

World EVA 165

Russian EVA 87

Space Station EVA 95

Mir EVA 69

Duration: 6:26

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-25

Crew: Talgat Musabayev, Nikolai Budarin, Leopold Eyherts (European Space 

Agency), Andrew Thomas (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Talgat Musabayev, Nikolai Budarin

Purpose: Install handrails and foot restraints on Spektr in preparation for the 

repair of the damaged solar arrays

A scheduled spacewalk on 3 March was postponed to 1 April due to a broken wrench preventing the 

Kvant 2 airlock hatch from opening. Talgat Musabayev and Nikolai Budarin installed handrails and 

foot restraints on Spektr to prepare for a future mission to repair solar arrays.3

6 APRIL 

1998 EVA 4

World EVA 166

Russian EVA 88

Space Station EVA 96

Mir EVA 70

Duration: 4:23

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-25

Crew: Talgat Musabayev, Nikolai Budarin, Leopold Eyherts (European Space 

Agency), Andrew Thomas (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Talgat Musabayev, Nikolai Budarin

Purpose: Reinforce Spektr solar array; retrieve Komza experiment; replace 

Portable Power Plant (PPP); replace thruster on Sofora boom

The spacewalkers reinforced the damaged Spektr solar array by installing a support brace. Installing 

the support brace required more time than planned, leaving the cosmonauts only an hour to replace 

the PPP and the thruster attached to the Sofora boom. They revised their plan and only began work 

on the PPP. Due to an error by Mission Control in commanding the Mir to drift, the EVA was ended 

early. This drift was misdiagnosed as a depletion of fuel of the VDU orientation engine when the EVA 

crew was ordered to end the EVA and return to the airlock.4

Station,” Donald R. Wilkes and Melvin R. Carruth, accessed 8 December 2013, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/shuttle-mi

science/iss/sc-iss-spsr.htm)

3. Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Skoog, Springer, 2003, p

4. Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Skoog, Springer, 2003, p. 316; Shuttle Mir: The United St

and Russia Share History’s Highest Stage, Clay Morgan, accessed 2 February 2014, (http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4225/

documentation/mir-summaries/mir25/mr.htm)
The Chronology // 1998 9

11 APRIL

1998 EVA 5

World EVA 167

Russian EVA 89

Space Station EVA 97

Mir EVA 71

Duration: 6:25

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-25

Crew: Talgat Musabayev, Nikolai Budarin, Leopold Eyherts (European Space 

Agency), Andrew Thomas (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Talgat Musabayev, Nikolai Budarin

Purpose: Remove and jettison the Vynosnaya Dvigatel’naya Ustanovka (VDU) 

roll thruster; recover experiment on Rapana structure and then remove and 

jettison the Rapana structure

Budarin and Musabayev completed work from the previous EVA. They discarded the PPP along with 

Sofora’s boom jet assembly, known as the “VDU.” The newer thruster provided better assistance in 

maneuvering Mir.5

17 April–3 May STS-90/Columbia 

17 APRIL 

1998 EVA 6

World EVA 168

Russian EVA 90

Space Station EVA 98 

Mir EVA 72

Duration: 6:33

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-25

Crew: Talgat Musabayev, Nikolai Budarin, Leopold Eyherts (European Space 

Agency), Andrew Thomas (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Talgat Musabayev, Nikolai Budarin

Purpose: Prepare installation of new VDU to Sofora boom; remove and 

secure Ferma-3 and Rapana trusses to the Mir exterior

To prepare the installation of a new VDU thruster to the Sofora structure, the cosmonauts removed 

equipment that was no longer in use. With the Komza experiment still intact, Musabayev and Budarin 

dismantled and stored the Rapana for future use. Rapana is a segment of the VDU that secured 

mounted experiments. The pair also angled and bolted Sofora at 35 degrees to transfer the thruster 

during the next spacewalk more easily.6

5. Ib

6. Ib
10 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

22 APRIL

1998 EVA 7

World EVA 169

Russian EVA 91

Space Station EVA 99

Mir EVA 73

Duration: 6:21

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-25

Crew: Talgat Musabayev, Nikolai Budarin, Leopold Eyherts (European Space 

Agency), Andrew Thomas (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Talgat Musabayev, Nikolai Budarin

Purpose: Install new VDU on Sofora and erect to vertical position

The cosmonauts jettisoned the remainder of the old, exhausted VDU thruster into space at an angle 

below and in front of Mir, allowing the boom jet to burn up in Earth’s atmosphere within a year. They 

also installed the new PPP onto Sofora and repositioned the boom vertically. Meanwhile, Andrew 

Thomas documented the cosmonauts’ progress with video and photography. Because Musabayev lost 

telemetry capabilities, Thomas provided system data to ground control.7

2–12 June STS-91/Discovery

13 August Soyuz-TM 28/Mir PE-26 launch

25 August Soyuz-TM 27/Mir PE-25 landing

15 SEPTEMBER 

1998 EVA 8

World EVA 170

Russian EVA 92

Space Station EVA 100

Mir EVA 74

Duration: 0:30

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-26 

Crew: Gennady Padalka, Sergei Avdeyev

Spacewalkers: Gennady Padalka, Sergei Avdeyev

Purpose: Connect Spektr solar array cable

Sergei Avdeyev and Gennady Padalka performed an EVA inside the damaged Spektr. While inside 

the module, they connected the solar array orientation cable. The spacewalkers mated Spektr electrical 

connectors to the solar array servomotors.8

29 October–7 November STS-95/Discovery

7. Ib

8. Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Skoog, Springer, 2003, p
The Chronology // 1998 11

10 NOVEMBER

1998 EVA 9

World EVA 171

Russian EVA 93

Space Station EVA 101

Mir EVA 75

Duration: 5:50

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-26

Crew: Gennady Padalka, Sergei Avdeyev

Spacewalkers: Gennady Padalka, Sergei Avdeyev

Purpose: Manually launch Sputnik 41 demo satellite; deploy, install, and 

retrieve various French experiments

Padalka and Avdeyev installed French scientific equipment: an experimental solar array on the docking module and a Dvikon material exposure on the Igla antenna. Furthermore, they retrieved samples 

of the thruster exhaust, as well as the Keramika, Danko, Solyaris, and SMMK experiments. The 

Komet, Spika, Migmas, and Sprut experiments were deployed on Kvant 2. To celebrate Sputnik’s 41st 

anniversary launch, the cosmonauts manually launched a demo of the first human-made satellite to 

orbit Earth. 9

4 December STS-88/Endeavour launch

7 DECEMBER

1998 EVA 10

World EVA 172

U.S. EVA 83

Shuttle EVA 41

Duration: 7:21

Spacecraft/mission: STS-88

Crew: Robert Cabana, Frederick Sturckow, Nancy Currie, Jerry Ross, 

James Newman, Sergei Krikalev (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Jerry Ross, James Newman

Purpose: Perform first EVA to assemble the ISS; first of three scheduled 

EVAs. Connect and activate all power cables between Zarya and Unit

During their 12-day mission, the STS-88 crew’s objective was to power the U.S.-built Unity Node 

by mating it with the Russian-built Zarya. Prior to the EVA, the crew remotely captured the orbiting 

Zarya, commonly known as the Functional Cargo Block (FGB), and coupled it to Unity. Spacewalkers 

Jerry Ross and James Newman successfully connected about 40 power and data transmission cables. 

The astronauts then covered each connector with a thermal cover. Power from the FGB activated 

Unity’s computers, avionics, and heaters. This was the first EVA for the ISS assembly.10

9. Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler with Michael D. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 

Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Skoog, Springer, 2003, p. 

10.“International Space Station: Unity Node.” Jerry Wright, editor, accessed 10 January 2013, (http://www.nasa.gov/missio

pages/station/structure/elements/node1.html); “Mission Archives: STS-88,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 4 December 

2013, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-88.html); “STS-88 Day 5 Highlights,” National 

Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 10 January 2013, (http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-88/

sts-88-day-05-highlights.html); “STS-88 Extravehicular Activities,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 4 December 2013, (http://

spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-88/eva/index.html)
12 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

9 DECEMBER

1998 EVA 11

World EVA 173

U.S. EVA 84

Shuttle EVA 42

Duration: 7:02

Spacecraft/mission: STS-88 

Crew: Robert Cabana, Frederick Sturckow, Nancy Currie, Jerry Ross, 

James Newman, Sergei Krikalev (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Jerry Ross, James Newman

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Install S-band Early

Communication antennas; remove launch restraints; unfold Zarya antenna

The Endeavour EVA crewmembers installed two S-band Early Communication (ECOMM) antennas 

to Unity. Following the EVA, a corresponding avionics gear was installed inside the ISS, allowing the 

antennas to transmit a feed of the Station’s monitors to U.S. flight controllers. Ross and Newman also 

removed launch restraints from Unity’s four Common Berthing Mechanisms (CBMs). The four CBMs 

will then be able to dock future modules to the Station. The spacewalkers then mounted EVA handrails to Zarya’s exterior. Since time remained in the EVA, Newman used a 10-foot-long (3.05-meter) 

grappling hook to unfurl one of Zarya’s two jammed antennas.11

12 DECEMBER

1998 EVA 12

World EVA 174

U.S. EVA 85

Shuttle EVA 43

Duration: 6:59

Spacecraft/mission: STS-88

Crew: Robert Cabana, Frederick Sturckow, Nancy Currie, Jerry Ross, 

James Newman, Sergei Krikalev (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Jerry Ross, James Newman

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Deploy two U.S. portable fo

restraints and a tool stanchion; aid the release of two FGB TORU antennas; 

install FGB EVA handrails and reinstall FGB Komplast panel, and SAFER 

self-rescue demo

In this final EVA for the STS-88 crew, Ross and Newman tested EVA safety equipment and finalized preparations for ISS’s future assembly. They first disconnected unnecessary cable ties from the 

previous EVA and the cables used to connect Unity and Zarya initially. In addition, they mounted 

EVA handrails on Zarya for future spacewalkers. A large EVA tool bag, which included portable 

foot restraints and EVA tools such as wrenches and ratchets, was fixed to the Station’s exterior. The 

attached items later assisted many ISS spacewalkers. Both astronauts successfully tested the SAFER 

jet backpacks that failed during the STS-86 EVA. The jet backpacks can propel astronauts back to 

11.“Mission Archives: STS-88,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 14 December 2013, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages

shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-88.html); “STS-88 Day 7 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 

accessed 13 December 2013, (http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-88/sts-88-day-07-highlights.html); “STS-88 

Extravehicular Activities,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 4 December 2013, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts88/eva/index.html)
The Chronology // 1998 13

the Station if they become untethered. They also produced a thorough photographic assessment of the 

entire Space Station.12

15 December STS-88/Endeavour landing

12.“Mission Highlights STS-88,” Johnson Space Center, accessed 2 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews

factsheets/pdfs/hilit88.pdf); “STS-88 Day 10 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 2 January 

2014, (http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-88/sts-88-day-10-highlights.html)

The Chronology // 1999 15

1999

8 February Soyuz-TM 28/Mir PE-26 landing

20 February Soyuz-TM 29/Mir PE-27 launch

16 APRIL

1999 EVA 1

World EVA 175

Russian EVA 94

Space Station EVA 102

Mir EVA 76

Duration: 6:19

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-27 

Crew: Victor Afanaseyev, Sergei Avdeyev, Jean-Pierre Haignere 

(European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Victor Afanasyev, Jean-Pierre Haignere

Purpose: Test leak repair tool; deploy French experiments; launch 

amateur radio satellite Sputnik 99

Victor Afanasyev and Jean-Pierre Haignere were scheduled to test a new sealant device to repair small 

leaks. The test of the tool on a simulated hole in Kvant was cancelled when the hatch failed to open. 

The plan to deploy new organic detectors was also cancelled due to lack of time. The spacewalkers 

were able, however, to retrieve the French Micrometeoroid and Orbital Debris (MMOD) experiment 

from the station’s exterior and run an experiment designed by French high schools with the help of the 

French space agency, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES). A manual launch of the third and 

final French built amateur radio satellite, Sputnik 99, was also successful. This small satellite was called 

Sputnik 99 because it was launched in 1999.1

27 May STS-96/Discovery launch

29 MAY

1999 EVA 2

World EVA 176

U.S. EVA 86

Shuttle EVA 44

Duration: 7:55

Spacecraft/mission: STS-96

Crew: Kent Rominger, Rick Husband, Ellen Ochoa, Tamara Jernigan, 

Daniel Barry, Julie Payette (Canadian Space Agency), Valeri Ivanovich 

Tokarev (Russian Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Tamara Jernigan, Daniel Barry

Purpose: Transfer and externally install U.S. and Russian cargo cranes

two common foot restraints, and three EVA tool bags

1. Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler with Michael D. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 

Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Skoog, Springer, 2003, p. 
16 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

During the second longest spacewalk thus far, Tamara Jernigan and Daniel Barry transferred two cargo 

cranes from Discovery’s payload bay and mounted them to the ISS. Both devices, the Russian-built 

Strela crane and the U.S.-built ORU Transfer Device, also known as the EVA crane, are designed to 

move large components and crewmembers during ISS construction and maintenance. The spacewalkers also attached three bags of EVA tools and handrails for future construction of the Station. They 

then installed two common foot restraints that fit both U.S. and Russian spacesuit boots. Jernigan 

and Barry photographed and documented the Shuttle’s painted surfaces, fitted an insulating cover over 

Unity’s trunnion pin, and examined one of Unity’s ECOMM antennas.2

6 June STS-96/Discovery landing

23–27 July STS-93/Columbia

23 JULY

1999 EVA 3

World EVA 177

Russian EVA 95

Space Station EVA 103

Mir EVA 77

Duration: 6:07

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-27

Crew: Victor Afanaseyev, Sergei Avdeyev, Jean-Pierre Haignere 

(European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Victor Afanaseyev, Sergei Avdeyev

Purpose: Install experimental Georgian-Russian communications 

antenna; retrieve French experiments Exobiology and Dvikon

Afanaseyev and Avdeyev installed the experimental Georgian-Russian elliptical reflector antenna on 

the Sofora truss to test a new generation of communications satellites. This experimental antenna was 

6.4 meters in diameter and 1.1 meters in depth. Unfortunately, the experimental antenna failed to 

deploy completely despite Afanaseyev and Avdeyev’s attempts to open it. They were only able to open 

it about 80 to 90 percent. The spacewalkers were also unable to locate the source of a small leak in 

Kvant 2. They successfully retrieved samples, however, from the French experiments Exobiology and 

Dvikon. Towards the end of the EVA, Afanaseyev’s spacesuit had a thermoregulation failure.3

2. “Mission Archives: STS-96,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 8 December 2013, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-96.html); “STS-Extravehicular Activities,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 8 December 2013, 

(http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-96/eva/index.html)

3. Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler with Michael D. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 

Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Skoog, Springer, 2003, p. 
The Chronology // 1999 17

28 JULY

1999 EVA 4

World EVA 178

Russian EVA 96

Space Station EVA 104

Mir EVA 78

Duration: 5:22

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-27

Crew: Victor Afanaseyev, Sergei Avdeyev, Jean-Pierre Haignere (European 

Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Victor Afanaseyev, Sergei Avdeyev

Purpose: Fully deploy and jettison experimental Georgian-Russian 

communications antenna; install experiments and retrieve samples

During this EVA, the cosmonauts successfully deployed the experimental communications antenna 

from the previous spacewalk. After the completely deployed communications antenna was evaluated, 

the cosmonauts manually disconnected the antenna and jettisoned it away from Mir. The Indicator and 

Sprut-4 experiments were installed on the exterior, and the Danko-M and Ekran-D experiments were 

successfully retrieved. The spacewalkers also replaced the cassettes of the Migmas ion spectrometer.4

28 August Soyuz-TM 29/Mir PE-27 landing

19 December STS-103/Discovery launch

22 DECEMBER

1999 EVA 5

World EVA 179

U.S. EVA 87

Shuttle EVA 45

Duration: 8:15

Spacecraft/mission: STS-103

Crew: Curtis Brown, Scott Kelly, Steven Smith, Michael Foale, John 

Grunsfeld, Claude Nicollier (European Space Agency), Jean-François 

Clervoy (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Steven Smith, John Grunsfeld

Purpose: Hubble Servicing Mission 3A, the first of three scheduled EVAs

This EVA was the first of three made over the period of three days in order to service and repair 

the decade-old Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Steven Smith and John Grunsfeld were the first 

pair of astronauts to perform these services. They began by replacing HST’s three Rate Sensor Units 

(RSUs), each of which contained two gyroscopes. They then purged the coolant located in valves on 

the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS). This was done to prepare 

these instruments for servicing on the next Hubble Servicing Mission. The pair also installed six 

Voltage/Temperature Improvement Kits between the telescope’s solar panels for each of its six batteries. The kits were designed to prevent the batteries, which had been in the telescope since its April 24, 

1990, launch on STS-31, from overcharging and overheating. During the EVA, Smith and Grunsfeld 

4. Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler with Michael D. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 

Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Skoog, Springer, 2003, p. 
18 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

intended to take several close-up photographs of the newly installed kits, but had unforeseen difficulty 

removing one of the old RSUs and opening the valves and removing caps to purge coolant from the 

Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer. This difficulty caused the RSU replacement to 

take much longer than planned, and by its end, the EVA clocked in at 8 hours, 15 minutes, making it 

the second longest spacewalk in history thus far.5

23 DECEMBER

1999 EVA 6

World EVA 180

ESA EVA 1/U.S. EVA 88

Shuttle EVA 46

Duration: 8:10

Spacecraft/mission: STS-103

Crew: Curtis Brown, Scott Kelly, Steven Smith, Michael Foale, John 

Grunsfeld, Claude Nicollier (European Space Agency), Jean-François 

Clervoy (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Michael Foale, Claude Nicollier

Purpose: Hubble Servicing Mission 3A, the second of three scheduled EVAs

Michael Foale and Claude Nicollier were the second pair to perform maintenance on HST on the 

second day of its three-consecutive-day servicing. Foale and Nicollier replaced HST’s computer with 

an operating system that would run 20 times faster and contain 6 times the memory. They also replaced 

one of the telescope’s three 550-pound (249.48-kilogram) Fine Guidance Sensors. At only 5 minutes 

less than the previous day’s excursion, this EVA became the third longest in history thus far.6

24 DECEMBER

1999 EVA 7

World EVA 181/

U.S. EVA 89

Shuttle EVA 47

Duration: 8:08

Spacecraft/mission: STS-103

Crew: Curtis Brown, Scott Kelly, Steven Smith, Michael Foale, John 

Grunsfeld, Claude Nicollier (European Space Agency), Jean-François 

Clervoy (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Steven Smith, John Grunsfeld

Purpose: Hubble Servicing Mission 3A, the third of three scheduled EVAs

The EVA team of Smith and Grunsfeld performed the third and final day’s work on HST. They 

replaced one of Hubble’s radio transmitters that sent scientific data from the telescope to Earth and 

5. “Mission Archives: STS-103,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 6 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-103.html); “STS-103 Day 3 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 

6 January 2014, (http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-103/sts-103-day-03-highlights.html); STS-103, Mission 

Control Center: Status Report #06, NASA Johnson Space Center, accessed 6 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/

spacenews/reports/sts103/STS-103-06.html)

6. “Mission Archives: STS-103,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 6 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-103.html); “STS-103 Day 4 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 

6 January 2014, (http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-103/sts-103-day-04-highlights.html)
The Chronology // 1999 19

ceased operating in 1998. As radio transmitters are normally very reliable, it was not expected that one 

would require replacement in orbit. The astronauts used newly created EVA tools designed specifically 

for the job. Smith and Grunsfeld also replaced the telescope’s mechanical reel-to-reel recorder with a 

Digital Solid State Recorder, which had more than 10 times the previous storage capacity. The spacewalk was estimated to last roughly 7 hours, but like the previous two days’ EVAs, it lasted more than 

8 hours, partly due to difficulty hooking Grunsfeld’s suit up to orbiter power in Discovery’s airlock7

27 December STS-103/Discovery landing

7. “Mission Archives: STS-103,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 6 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-103.html); “STS-103 Day 5 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 

6 January 2014, (http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-103/sts-103-day-05-highlights.html)

FIGURE 2. Hubble STS-103 Payload Commander Steven Smith prepares to use a 35 mm camera during 

the final spacewalk of the STS-103 mission. Smith is standing on a foot restraint connected to

the end of Discovery’s Remote Manipulator System (RMS) robot arm. Astronaut John Grunsfeld

translates along a handrail system on the Hubble Space Telescope in the background. (NASA

STS103-E-5347)

The Chronology // 2000 21

2000

11–22 February STS-99/Endeavour

4 April Soyuz-TM 30/Mir PE-28 launch 

12 MAY 

2000 EVA 1

World EVA 182

Russian EVA 97

Space Station EVA 105

Mir EVA 79

Duration: 5:30

Spacecraft/mission: Mir PE-28 

Crew: Sergei Zalyotin, Alexander Kaleri

Spacewalkers: Sergei Zalyotin, Alexander Kaleri

Purpose: Inspect and photograph short circuit damaged solar array cable 

on Kvant-1; test module leak repair sealant; retrieve a solar array test sample 

from docking module; conduct general inspection of Mir exterior

Cosmonauts Sergei Zalyotin and Alexander Kaleri performed the last Mir spacewalk. They completed the last general assessment, detailing Mir’s condition and panoramically photographing its 

exterior. Various data samples were retrieved before the experiments were dismantled and jettisoned. 

An examination of a solar cell cable that previously short-circuited was also completed. Finally, the 

duo completed a delayed spacewalking task: the crew successfully tested a leak repair sealant on the 

station’s hull.1

19 May STS-101/Atlantis launch

21 MAY

2000 EVA 2

World EVA 183

U.S. EVA 90

Shuttle EVA 48

Duration: 6:44

Spacecraft/mission: STS-101

Crew: James Halsell Jr., Scott “Doc” Horowitz, Mary Ellen Weber, Jeffrey

Williams, James Voss, Susan Helms, Yury Usachev (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Jeffrey Williams, James Voss

Purpose: Re-secure and reorient U.S. and Russian cran

The crew focused on transferring items from Atlantis to the ISS and inspecting the Orbital Replacement 

Unit Transfer Device and the Russian-built Strela. The two cranes were on the ISS for EVA maintenance. Unity’s two ECOMM antennas, which allow U.S. flight controllers to monitor the Station, 

1. Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler with Michael D. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 

Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Skoog, Springer, 2003, p. 
22 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

were experiencing problems. The astronauts successfully replaced the antennas. They then installed 

eight additional EVA handrails for future spacewalks.2

29 May STS-101/Atlantis landing

16 June Soyuz-TM 30/Mir PE-28 landing

8 September STS-106/Atlantis launch

11 SEPTEMBER

2000 EVA 3

World EVA 184

Russian EVA 98/

U.S. EVA 91

Shuttle EVA 49

Duration: 6:14

Spacecraft/mission: STS-106

Crew: Terrence Wilcutt, Scott Altman, Daniel Burbank, Edward Lu, Richard 

Mastracchio, Yuri Malenchenko (Russian Space Agency), Boris Morokov 

(Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Edward Lu, Yuri Malenchenko

Purpose: Connect power, data, and communication cables between Zvezda 

and Zarya; install magnetometer backup navigation system

During this joint Russian and American spacewalk, Zvezda and Zarya’s nine power cables were connected. Though both modules were Russian-made, Zvezda was the first solely Russian contribution—

Boeing helped build Zarya. The Zvezda Service Module allowed the first human habitation of the 

ISS. The 14 by 13.5-foot (4.26 by 4.11-meter) module includes living quarters, life support systems, 

power distribution, propulsion, and command capabilities from ground flight controllers. Then, while 

constructing the backup navigation system, Edward Lu and Yuri Malenchenko were tethered 110 feet 

(33.53 meters) above the payload bay—the furthest a spacewalker traveled from the ISS at that point 

in operational history.3

20 September STS-106/Atlantis landing

11 October STS-92/Discovery launch

2. “Mission Archives: STS-101,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 4 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-101.html); “STS-101 Day 3 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 

4 January 2014, (http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-101/sts-101-day-03-highlights.html)

3. “International Space Station: Zvezda,” Jerry Wright, editor, accessed 4 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_page

station/structure/elements/sm.html); “STS-106 Day3 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 4 

January 2014, (http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-106/sts-106-day-03-highlights.html); “STS-106 Extravehicular 

Activity,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 4 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-106/eva/index.html)
The Chronology // 2000 23

15 OCTOBER

2000 EVA 4

World EVA 185

U.S. EVA 92

Shuttle EVA 50

Duration: 6:28

Spacecraft/mission: STS-92

Crew: Brian Duffy, Pamela Melroy, Leroy Chiao, Peter Wisoff, Michael 

Lopez-Alegria, William McArthur, Koichi Wakata (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Leroy Chiao, William McArthur

Purpose: First of four scheduled EVAs. Relocate two S-band antennas to

Zenith One (Z1) truss; connect power cables to Z1 truss; install safety tools 

for ISS assembly

Leroy Chiao and William McArthur continued assembling the ISS and installed additional safety 

tools for spacewalks. The spacewalkers relocated the S-band antennas from the Unity Node to the Z1 

truss, to avoid the antennas’ previous connection problems. Then, the astronauts installed 10 umbilical 

cables between the truss structure and Unity. The Z1 truss contains communication equipment and 

two plasma contractors to neutralize the ISS’s static electrical charge.4

16 OCTOBER

2000 EVA 5

World EVA 186

U.S. EVA 93

Shuttle EVA 51

Duration: 7:07

Spacecraft/mission: STS-92

Crew: Brian Duffy, Pamela Melroy, Leroy Chiao, Peter Wisoff, Michael 

Lopez-Alegria, William McArthur, Koichi Wakata (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Peter Wisoff, Michael Lopez-Alegria

Purpose: Second of four scheduled EVAs. Mate Pressurized Mating Adapter

(PMA) and Node 1 cables; prepare Z1 for solar array installation

IVA crewmember Koichi Wakata remotely installed the PMA-3 to the Unity’s nadir port with the 

Shuttle’s robotic arm. Spacewalkers Peter Wisoff and Michael Lopez-Alegria then connected the primary and secondary cables between the two components. They also prepared the Z1 truss for installation of U.S. solar arrays.5

4. “STS-92 Day 5 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 5 January 2014, (http://science.ks

nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-92/sts-92-day-05-highlights.html); “STS-92 Extravehicular Activities,” Kim Dismukes, editor, 

accessed 5 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-92/eva/index.html)

5. “Mission Archives: STS-92,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 5 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-92.html); “STS-92 Extravehicular Activity,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 5 January 2014, 

(http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-92/eva/index.html)
24 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

17 OCTOBER

2000 EVA 6

World EVA 187

U.S. EVA 94

Shuttle EVA 52

Duration: 6:48

Spacecraft/mission: STS-92

Crew: Brian Duffy, Pamela Melroy, Leroy Chiao, Peter Wisoff, Michael 

Lopez-Alegria, William McArthur, Koichi Wakata (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Leroy Chiao and William McArthur

Purpose: Third of four scheduled EVAs. Install two DC-to-DC converters to

Z1 truss

Chiao and McArthur installed two DC-to-DC converters above the Z1 truss, enabling proper voltage 

conversion of the electricity generated by the Station’s solar arrays. The system eliminates electricity 

and heat buildups that may damage equipment.6

18 OCTOBER

2000 EVA 7

World EVA 188

U.S. EVA 95

Shuttle EVA 53

Duration: 6:56

Spacecraft/mission: STS-92

Crew: Brian Duffy, Pamela Melroy, Leroy Chiao, Peter Wisoff, Michael 

Lopez-Alegria, William McArthur, Koichi Wakata (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Peter Wisoff, Michael Lopez-Alegria

Purpose: Fourth of four scheduled EVAs. Remove and stow Flight

Releasable Grapple Fixture (FRGF) on Z1 Truss, deploy its utility tray; test 

SAFER hardware

During the final STS-92 spacewalk, Wisoff and Lopez-Alegria removed and stowed the FRGF on the 

Z1 Truss. They deployed the Z1 truss utility tray, which provides power to the United States lab. They 

then opened and cycled the Manual Berthing Mechanism for the first time. They also performed a successful protocol test of two SAFER jet backpacks, which allows spacewalkers to return to the Station 

if their tether unintentionally becomes detached.7

24 October STS-92/Discovery landing

31 October Soyuz-TM 31/ISS Expedition 1 launch

30 November STS-97/Endeavour launch

6. “NASA Glenn Contributions to the International Space Station (ISS) Electrical Power System,” Kathleen Zona, editor, accesse

6 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/about/fs06grc.html); “STS-92 Extravehicular Activities,” Kim Dismukes, 

editor, accessed 6 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-92/eva/)

7. “Mission Archives: STS-92,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 7 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts92/eva/index.html);“STS-92 Extravehicular Activity,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 7 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nas

gov/shuttle/archives/sts-92/eva/index.html)
The Chronology // 2000 25

FIGURE 3. Initial Assembly of ISS’s Arrays. Astronaut Joseph R. Tanner, mission specialist, waves to

crewmembers inside Endeavour’s cabin during an EVA to perform work on the ISS. The elbow

of the RMS robotic arm and part of the newly deployed solar array panel are in the background

(NASA S97-E-5031)

3 DECEMBER

2000 EVA 8

World EVA 189

U.S. EVA 96

Shuttle EVA 54

Duration: 7:33

Spacecraft/mission: STS-97

Crew: Brent Jett, Jr., Michael Bloomfield, Joseph Tanner, Carlos Noriega,

Marc Garneau (Canadian Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Joseph Tanner, Carlos Noriega

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Attach P6 Integrated Truss to the

Z1 Truss; install solar array on Unity’s Z1 truss; deploy solar array

This was the first of three spacewalks performed by Joseph Tanner and Carlos Noriega for the assembly 

of the ISS. Marc Garneau moved the entire P6 truss with Endeavour’s robotic arm into position on the 

Z1 truss structure, and Tanner and Noriega bolted it in place. Once the truss was secured, Garneau 

released it from the arm’s grip and Michael Bloomfield used the arm to move Noriega around the array 

to connect nine power, command, and data cables. Meanwhile, Tanner readied the solar array’s two 

blanket boxes to deploy the Space Station’s starboard solar array. The pins holding the blanket boxes 
26 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

closed were to be released by computer command. Commander Brent Jett, Jr.’s first attempt to deploy 

the solar array was unsuccessful, and Tanner and Noriega stood by in case they needed to remove the 

pins manually, but Jett repeated the command and the starboard solar array was successfully deployed. 

Because of the problems with expanding the starboard solar array, flight controllers decided against 

releasing the pins of the other blanket box that would extend the portside solar array.8

5 DECEMBER

2000 EVA 9

World EVA 190

U.S. EVA 97

Shuttle EVA 55

Duration: 6:37

Spacecraft/mission: STS-97

Crew: Brent Jett, Jr., Michael Bloomfield, Joseph Tanner, Carlos Noriega,

Marc Garneau (Canadian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Joseph Tanner and Carlos Noriega

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Install data and power cables to

utilize energy generated by the solar arrays; move S-Band Assembly

Tanner and Noriega began their second spacewalk by surveying the newly erected solar array to analyze the condition of the tensioning system that extended one of its two solar array blankets. This 

survey and analysis allowed them to collect data and formulate a plan to further heighten the tension 

in the deployed array, in preparation for the following spacewalk. They also moved the S-band assembly to the top of the solar array tower. Finally, they removed the restraints that held a radiator against 

the side of the tower. The radiator would cool Destiny, the United States Laboratory Module, when it 

later launched to the ISS.9

7 DECEMBER

2000 EVA 10

World EVA 191

U.S. EVA 98

Shuttle EVA 56

Duration: 5:10

Spacecraft/mission: STS-97

Crew: Brent Jett, Jr., Michael Bloomfield, Joseph Tanner, Carlos Noriega,

Marc Garneau (Canadian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Joseph Tanner, Carlos Noriega

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Adjust solar array tensioning

cable; install the Floating Potential Probe (FPP) antennas on Node 1; install 

centerline camera cable on Node 1 

8. “STS-97 Day 4 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 11 January 2014, (http://science.ks

nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-97/sts-97-day-04-highlights.html); STS-97, Mission Control Center: Status Report #07, NASA 

Johnson Space Center, accessed 11 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews/reports/sts97/STS-97-07.html)

9. “STS-97 Day 5 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 11 January 2014, (http://science.ks

nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-97/sts-97-day-05-highlights.html); “STS-97 Day 6 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration, accessed 11 January 2014, (http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-97/sts-97-day-06-highlights.

html); STS-97, Mission Control Center: Status Report #11, NASA Johnson Space Center, accessed 11 January 2014, (http://

spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews/reports/sts97/STS-97-11.html)
The Chronology // 2000 27

Tanner and Noriega started their final spacewalk of this mission with the impromptu task of furthering the pressure and rigidity of the starboard solar array. Crewmembers inside the Endeavour retracted 

the array by two to three feet (0.61 to 0.91 meters) for the spacewalkers, and Noriega, at the top of the 

P6 truss, pulled the slack tensioning cables through each of the reels. Tanner then turned each of the 

spring-loaded tension reels and let them unwind, allowing Noriega to guide the cables onto the reel 

grooves, thereby adding tension to the slack blanket. Once they repaired the tension problems with the 

solar array, Noriega and Tanner turned to their scheduled tasks of installing a centerline camera cable 

outside of Unity and an FPP at the top of P6 that would measure the electrical potential of plasma 

around ISS. The efficiency of the spacewalk allowed Tanner and Noriega time to complete tasks scheduled for spacewalks in the following month. The additional tasks included installing a sensor on the 

radiator, installing some small antennas, and photographically surveying the Station.10

11 December STS-97/Endeavour landing

10.Day 8 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 11 January 2014, (http://science.ksc.nasa.gov

shuttle/missions/sts-97/sts-97-day-08-highlights.html); STS-97, Mission Control Center: Status Report #15, NASA Johnson 

Space Center, accessed 11 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews/reports/sts97/STS-97-15.html)

The Chronology // 2001 29

2001

7 February STS-98/Atlantis launch

10 FEBRUARY 

2001 EVA 1

World EVA 192

U.S. EVA 99

Shuttle EVA 57

Duration: 7:33

Spacecraft/mission: STS-98

Crew: Kenneth Cockrell, Mark Polansky, Robert Curbeam, Thomas Jones, 

Marsha Ivins

Spacewalkers: Thomas Jones, Robert Curbeam

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Connect Destiny to ISS’s power

and cooling lines

Initially, the objectives were to install United States Laboratory Module Destiny and connect it to the 

ISS’s electrical, data, and cooling lines. As Robert Curbeam attached a cooling line, a small amount of 

frozen ammonia crystals leaked into the ISS. To avoid contamination of Atlantis, Curbeam remained 

in the Sun for 30 minutes to vaporize any ammonia crystals. Meanwhile Thomas Jones brushed off the 

spacesuits and equipment of any visible ammonia crystals. The spacewalkers partially pressurized and 

then vented the Shuttle’s airlock in case any ammonia remained in the air before final repressurization and re-entry into Atlantis. After the EVA, Kenneth Cockrell, Marsha Ivins, and Mark Polansky 

wore oxygen masks for 20 minutes to avoid any possible contamination from ammonia that may have 

remained in the airlock.1

12 FEBRUARY 

2001 EVA 2

World EVA 193

U.S. EVA 100

Shuttle EVA 58

Duration: 6:50

Spacecraft/mission: STS-98 

Crew: Kenneth Cockrell, Mark Polansky, Robert Curbeam, Thomas Jones, 

Marsha Ivins 

Spacewalkers: Thomas Jones, Robert Curbeam

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Detach PMA-2 from Z1 truss;

attach PMA-2 to Destiny

The Pressurized Mating Adapter 2 (PMA-2) was attached to the Z1 truss. Jones and Curbeam directed 

Marsha Ivins as she operated the RMS and removed the PMA-2 from the Z1 truss. The spacewalkers 

1. “Mission Archives: STS-98,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 20 December 2013, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-98.html); “STS-98: a Destiny for the International Space Station,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 

20 December 2013, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-98/index.html)
30 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

continued to give visual cues to Ivins as she attached the Destiny module and the PMA-2. They connected computer and electrical cables between the port and the lab. The astronauts unveiled Destiny’s 

large, high-quality window and installed its shutter. The window allowed the capture of high-quality videos and photographs. EVA handrails, sockets, and the base for the Space Station Remote 

Manipulator System (SSRMS) were also attached for future EVAs.2

14 FEBRUARY 

2001 EVA 3

World EVA 194

U.S. EVA 101

Shuttle EVA 59

Duration: 5:25

Spacecraft/mission: STS-98 

Crew: Kenneth Cockrell, Mark Polansky, Robert Curbeam, Thomas Jones, 

Marsha Ivins

Spacewalkers: Thomas Jones, Robert Curbeam

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Install spare S-band antenna; test

incapacitated crew rescue

The third spacewalk required Jones and Curbeam to ensure successful cable connectivity between 

Destiny and PMA-2. They also attached an auxiliary S-band communications antenna and released 

the Station’s cooling radiator. The astronauts examined the U.S. solar array. Near the end of the EVA, 

they practiced carrying an incapacitated crewmember to the airlock.3

20 February STS-98/Atlantis landing

8 March STS-102/Discovery/ISS Expedition 2 launch

2. “Mission Archives: STS-98,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 20 December 2013, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-98.html); “Remote Manipulator System,” NASA Johnson Space Center, accessed 20 December 

2013, (http://prime.jsc.nasa.gov/ROV/rms.html); “STS-98: a Destiny for the International Space Station,” Kim Dismukes, editor, 

accessed 20 December 2013, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-98/index.html)

3. “Mission Archives: STS-98,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 20 December 2013, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-98.html); “STS-98: a Destiny for the International Space Station,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 

20 December 2013, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-98/index.html)
The Chronology // 2001 31

11 MARCH 

2001 EVA 4

World EVA 195

U.S. EVA 102

Space Station EVA 106

ISS EVA 1

Duration: 8:55

Spacecraft/mission: STS-102, International Space Station Expeditions 1 

and 2

Crew: James Wetherbee, James Kelly, Andrew Thomas, Paul Richards

Expedition Crew 1: William Shepherd, Sergei Krikalev (Russian Space 

Agency), Yuri Gidzenko (Russian Space Agency)

Expedition Crew 2: James Voss, Susan Helms, Yury Usachev (Russian 

Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: James Voss, Susan Helms

Purpose: First of two scheduled EVAs. Disconnect PMA-3 from Node 1;

berth of Leonardo to ISS

The Italian-built Leonardo was the first of three Multi-Purpose Logistics Modules installed on the 

ISS. They could transfer 10 tons of cargo between the Station and space shuttles. The 21 by 15-foot 

(6.40 by 4.57-meter) module carried electrical equipment, life support, experiments, and supplies. By 

disconnecting the PMA-3 from Unity, the ISS had space to berth Leonardo. James Voss and Susan 

Helms’ record-breaking EVA was the longest in Shuttle history.4

13 MARCH

2001 EVA 5

World EVA 196

U.S. EVA 103

Space Station EVA 107

ISS EVA 2

Duration: 6:21

Spacecraft/mission: STS-102, International Space Station Expeditions 1 

and 2

Crew: James Wetherbee, James Kelly, Andrew Thomas, Paul Richards

Expedition Crew 1: William Shepherd, Sergei Krikalev (Russian Space 

Agency), Yuri Gidzenko (Russian Space Agency)

Expedition Crew 2: James Voss, Susan Helms, Yury Usachev (Russian 

Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Andrew Thomas, Paul Richards 

Purpose: Second of two scheduled EVAs. Prepare the installation of a

robotic arm

4. “International Space Station: Multi-Purpose Logistics Modules,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 21 December 2013, (http:

www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/mplm.html); “Mission Archives: STS-102,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, 

accessed 21 December 2013, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-102.html); “STS-102: 

a new crew of the International Space Station,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 21 December 2013, (http://spaceflight.nasa.

gov/shuttle/archives/sts-102/index.html)
32 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

Paul Richards and Andrew Thomas completed deferred tasks from the previous spacewalk. First, they 

coupled power cables on the Lab Cradle Assembly that would berth Destiny’s unassembled robotic 

arm. Next, the pair installed the External Stowage Platform that would eventually house both heating power to equipment storage and a Pump and Flow Control Subassembly to regulate ammonia 

coolant flow.5

21 March STS-102/Discovery/Expedition 1 landing

23 March Unmanned Space Station Mir reentry into the Pacific Ocean 

19 April STS-100/Endeavour launch

22 APRIL

2001 EVA 6

World EVA 197

Canadian EVA 1/

U.S. EVA 104

Shuttle EVA 60

Duration: 7:10

Spacecraft/mission: STS-100

Crew: Kent Rominger, Jeffrey Ashby, Scott Parazynski, John Phillips, Yuri 

Lonchakov (Russian Space Agency), Umberto Guidoni (European Space 

Agency), Chris Hadfield (Canadian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Chris Hadfield, Scott Parazynski

Purpose: First of two scheduled EVAs. Install Canadarm2 and its cable

Canadarm2 is a highly developed, 57.7-foot (17.58-meter) robotic arm secured to Destiny by Scott 

Parazynski and the first Canadian spacewalker, Chris Hadfield. The pair connected communication 

cables, giving Canadarm2 contact with the United States laboratory and ground controllers. The 

robotic arm can be remotely operated to transfer large payloads and spacewalkers.6

5. “Mission Archives: STS-102,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 21 December 2013, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-102.html); “STS-102: a new crew for the International Space Station,” Kim Dismukes, editor, 

accessed 21 December 2013, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-102/index.html); “STS-102 Day 5 Highlights,” 

Kennedy Space Center, accessed 21 December 2013, (http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-102/sts-102-day-05-

highlights.html)

6. “Mission Archives: STS-100,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 December 2013, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_page

shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-100.html); “Space Station Assembly: Canadarm2 and the Mobile Servicing System,” 

Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 22 December 2013, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/mss.

html); “STS-100 Day-4 Highlights,” Kennedy Space Center, accessed 22 December 2013, (http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/

missions/sts-100/sts-100-day-04-highlights.html)
The Chronology // 2001 33

24 APRIL

2001 EVA 7

World EVA 198

Canadian EVA 2/

U.S. EVA 105

Shuttle EVA 61

Duration: 7:40

Spacecraft/mission: STS-100

Crew: Kent Rominger, Jeffrey Ashby, Scott Parazynski, John Phillips, Yuri 

Lonchakov (Russian Space Agency), Umberto Guidoni (European Space 

Agency), Chris Hadfield (Canadian Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Chris Hadfield, Scott Parazynski

Purpose: Second of two scheduled EVAs. Disconnect cables between lab

and SSRMS; remove and stow ECOMM antenna

The Canadarm2, also known as the SSRMS, was connected to Destiny lab via the Power and Data 

Grapple Fixture. With the help of Susan Helms in the lab, Hadfield and Parazynski reconnected the 

arm’s cables until a reliable power path to the arm was created. The SSRMS was designed to “walk” 

on the ISS by grappling external fixtures. The spacewalkers also detached an ECOMM antenna and 

equipped a spare Direct Current Switching Unit from Endeavour to Destiny’s storage rack.7

28 April Soyuz-TM 32 landing

1 May STS-100/Endeavour landing

6 May Soyuz-TM 31 landing

8 JUNE

2001 EVA 8

World EVA 199

Russian EVA 99/

U.S. EVA 106

Space Station EVA 108

ISS EVA 3

Duration: 0:19

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 2

Crew: James Voss, Susan Helms, Yury Usachev (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Yury Usachev, James Voss

Purpose: Relocate docking cone; Test Orlan suits

The first Station residents to execute an EVA from the ISS were Yury Usachev and James Voss. Without 

a docked Shuttle to provide assistance, the spacewalkers only had support from Susan Helms in the 

Zarya module. The short, 19-minute internal EVA was performed inside the Service Module transfer 

compartment and required attaching the Zvezda hatch cover to the top of the module and replacing 

its docking cone.8

7. “Mission Archives: STS-100,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 December 2013, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_page

shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-100.html); “Space Station Assembly: Canadarm2 and the Mobile Servicing System,” 

Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 10 December 2015, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/

mss.html)

8. “International Space Station Status Report #01-18,”Johnson Space Center, accessed 23 December 2013, (http://www.nas

gov/centers/johnson/news/station/2001/iss01-18.html)
34 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

12 July STS-104/Atlantis launch

14 JULY

2001 EVA 9

World EVA 200

U.S. EVA 107

Shuttle EVA 62

Duration: 5:59

Spacecraft/mission: STS-104

Crew: Steven Lindsey, Charles Hobaugh, Michael Gernhardt, James Reilly, 

Janet Kavandi

Spacewalkers: Michael Gernhardt, James Reilly 

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Install Quest Airlock to Unit

Previously, the ISS Expedition 2 crew removed the Zvezda hatch to prepare for the berthing of the 

new Quest airlock. The STS-104 crew delivered the airlock, which supports both EMUs and Russian 

Orlan spacesuits during spacewalk exits and entries. As Michael Gernhardt and James Reilly removed 

the airlock’s insulating covers, Helms lifted the airlock from Atlantis’ payload bay with Canadarm2. 

The spacewalkers guided Helms as she planted the airlock onto Unity’s berthing port. Gernhardt then 

coupled the ISS’s heating cables to the airlock.9

17 JULY 

2001 EVA 10

World EVA 201

U.S. EVA 108

Shuttle EVA 63

Duration: 6:26

Spacecraft/mission: STS-104

Crew: Steven Lindsey, Charles Hobaugh, Michael Gernhardt, James Reilly, 

Janet Kavandi

Spacewalkers: Michael Gernhardt, James Reilly

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Install three of four Quest

Airlock tanks

Gernhardt and Reilly removed three of the Joint Airlock’s high-pressure gas tanks from Atlantis’s 

Spacelab pallet. With the Station’s Canadarm2 and the Shuttle’s Canadarm, Gernhardt and Reilly 

outfitted a nitrogen tank and two oxygen tanks. Once installed, the airlock prevented major loss of air 

during spacewalkers’ airlock egress and ingress.10

9. “International Space Station: Quest Airlock,” Jerry Wright, editor, accessed 2 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/missio

pages/station/structure/elements/quest.html); “Mission Archive: STS-104,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 2 January 2014, 

(http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-104.html); “STS-104: giving the space station a 

doorway to space,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 2 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-104/

index.html)

10.“Mission Archive: STS-104,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 2 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-104.html); “STS-104,” Kennedy Space Center, accessed 3 January 2014, (http://science.ksc.nasa.

gov/shuttle/missions/sts-104/mission-sts-104.html)
The Chronology // 2001 35

20 JULY 

2001 EVA 11

World EVA 202

U.S. EVA 109

Shuttle EVA 64

Duration: 4:01

Spacecraft/mission: STS-104

Crew: Steven Lindsey, Charles Hobaugh, Michael Gernhardt, James Reilly, 

Janet Kavandi

Spacewalkers: Michael Gernhardt, James Reilly

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Complete nitrogen tank

installation; mount handrails and stow EVA tools

The pair became the first spacewalkers to enter and exit from the Quest airlock. Gernhardt and Reilly’s 

assembly of the last nitrogen tank completed the installation of the High Pressure Gas Tank. The tanks 

pressurize the airlock and supply oxygen to the spacesuits. Gernhardt and Reilly completed Quest’s 

assembly by mounting handrails and other EVA tools to its exterior.11

11.“International Space Station: Quest Airlock,” Jerry Wright, editor, accessed 2 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission

pages/station/structure/elements/quest.html); “Mission Archive: STS-104,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 2 January 2014, 

(http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-104.html); “STS-104: giving the space station a 

doorway to space,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 2 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-104/

index.html)

FIGURE 4. First use of the Quest airlock. Astronaut James F. Reilly, STS-104 mission specialist, participates in space history as he joins fellow astronaut and mission specialist Michael L. Gernhard

(out of frame) in utilizing the new Quest airlock for the first ever spacewalk to egress from the ISS

(NASA STS104-E-5237)
36 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

24 July STS-104/Atlantis landing

10 August STS-105/Discovery/ISS Expedition 3 launch

16 AUGUST

2001 EVA 12

World EVA 203

U.S. EVA 110

Shuttle EVA 65

Duration: 6:16

Spacecraft/mission: STS-105

Crew: Scott Horowitz, Frederick Sturckow, Daniel Barry, Patrick Forrester 

Frank Culbertson (began tour on ISS), and Mikhail Tyurin and Vladimir 

Dezhurov (Russian Space Agency, began tour on ISS); James Voss, Yury 

Usachev, and Susan Helms (returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: Daniel Barry, Patrick Forrester

Purpose: First of two scheduled EVAs. Install Early Ammonia Servicer (EAS)

on P6 truss; attach two Materials International Space Station Equipment 

(MISSE) to airlock exterior

This was the first of Daniel Barry and Patrick Forrester’s two spacewalks devoted to the construction of 

the ISS. The pair first installed an EAS on the Station. The ammonia within the EAS is to be used as 

a coolant for the Station’s radiator. Barry and Forrester also initiated the MISSE, where they attached 

two containers of material samples to the Station’s hull. The experiment consisted of 750 samples of 

different materials left exposed in space for roughly 18 months before being recollected and returned 

to Earth for study.12

18 AUGUST

2001 EVA 13

World EVA 204

U.S. EVA 111

Shuttle EVA 66

Duration: 5:29

Spacecraft/mission: STS-105

Crew: Scott Horowitz, Frederick Sturckow, Daniel Barry, Patrick Forrester

Spacewalkers: Daniel Barry, Patrick Forrester 

Purpose: Second of two scheduled EVAs. Install handrails on Destiny;

attach heater cables on lab for later use with the Starboard Zero (S0) truss

Barry and Forrester fitted handrails and strung two 45-foot (13.71-meter) heater cables down both 

sides of the Destiny laboratory. The cables were hung as a precautionary measure to supply the S0 truss 

with power in the event that during its delivery the following year it could not be installed promptly 

and properly.13

12.“STS-105 Day 7 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 8 January 2014, (http://science.ksc

nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-105/sts-105-day-07-highlights.html); STS-105, Mission Control Center: Status Report #13, NASA 

Johnson Space Center, accessed 8 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews/reports/sts105/STS-105-13.html)

13.“STS-105 Day 9 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 8 January 2014, (http://science.ksc

nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-105/sts-105-day-09-highlights.html); STS-105, Mission Control Center: Status Report #17, NASA 

Johnson Space Center, accessed 8 January 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews/reports/sts105/STS-105-17.html)
The Chronology // 2001 37

22 August STS-105/Discovery/ISS Expedition 2 landing

8 OCTOBER

2001 EVA 14

World EVA 205

Russian EVA 100

Space Station EVA 109

ISS EVA 4

Duration: 4:58

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 3

Crew: Vladimir Dezhurov, Mikhail Tyurin, Frank Culbertson 

Spacewalkers: Vladimir Dezhurov, Mikhail Tyurin

Purpose: Connect cables between Zvezda and Pirs; mount vital spacewalk 

equipment; test Strela cargo crane

Vladimir Dezhurov and Mikhail Tyurin were the first to exit from the Russian airlock without a 

docked Shuttle. The cosmonauts connected communication and data cables between the Zvezda 

Service Module and the Pirs Docking Compartment, which is also known as DC-1. Pirs is both a 

docking port for cargo vehicles and an airlock for spacewalkers in Orlan spacesuits. The duo also 

mounted an egress/ingress ladder, four handrails, a Kurs antenna, a Strela cargo crane, and a docking target to Pirs’ exterior. They did not, however, have enough time to finalize testing of the Strela 

cargo crane.14

15 OCTOBER

2001 EVA 15

World EVA 206

Russian EVA 101

Space Station EVA 110

ISS EVA 5

Duration: 5:52

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 3

Crew: Vladimir Dezhurov, Mikhail Tyurin, Frank Culbertson 

Spacewalkers: Vladimir Dezhurov, Mikhail Tyurin

Purpose: Install Kromka to Zvezda; replace Russian flag placard with 

Kodak sign

The cosmonauts installed three sets of experiments inside the Pirs Docking Compartment. The supplies 

were later used to study the space environment surrounding the Station. Dezhurov and Tyurin then 

installed Kromka, a device measuring contamination from steering jets, behind Zvezda. Kromka’s 

collected data were later applied to improving future thrusters. The spacewalkers assembled a small 

truss and three suitcase-sized experiments contracted by the National Space Development Agency 

of Japan (NASDA). The research required the Micro-Particle Capturer to collect micrometeoroids 

and human-made particles with aerogel and foam substances. In addition, the Space Environment 

Exposure Device would allow the study of paint, insulation, and lubricants in space. As they returned 

to the airlock, Dezhurov and Tyurin replaced the Russian flag placard with a Kodak sign as part of a 

14.“International Space Station: Pirs,” Jerry Wright, editor, accessed 8 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages

station/structure/elements/pirs.html); “International Space Station Status Report #01-34,” NASA Johnson Space Center, 

accessed 8 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/news/station/2001/iss01-34.html)
38 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

commercial agreement. As the duo worked, Frank Culbertson maneuvered the Canadarm2 for ground 

control visuals in Houston and Moscow.15

21 October Soyuz-TM 33 launch

31 October Soyuz-TM 32 landing

12 NOVEMBER

2001 EVA 16

World EVA 207

Russian EVA 102/

U.S. EVA 112

Space Station EVA 111

ISS EVA 6

Duration: 5:04

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 3

Crew: Vladimir Dezhurov, Mikhail Tyurin, Frank Culbertson 

Spacewalkers: Vladimir Dezhurov, Frank Culbertson

Purpose: Connect Kurs cables between Zvezda and Pirs; test Strela crane; 

photograph and examine Zvezda solar array panels

15.“International Space Station Status Report #01-36,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 8 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov

centers/johnson/news/station/2001/iss01-36.html); “Space Environment Data Acquisition Equipment,” Victor M. Escobedo Jr.

editor, accessed 8 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/671.html)

FIGURE 5. First Soyuz Docking on Pirs. A Soyuz spacecraft approaches the ISS carrying the Soyuz taxi 

crew, Commander Victor Afanasyev, Flight Engineer Konstantin Kozeev, and French Flight Engineer Claudie Haignere for an 8-day stay on the station. (NASA ISS003-E-6849
The Chronology // 2001 39

Frank Culbertson and Dezhurov successfully coupled four high frequency and three low frequency 

communication cables between Zvezda and Pirs. The Kurs automated rendezvous system was set to 

lead Russian vehicles to the Pirs docking port. The pair also inspected Zvezda’s solar array panels that 

failed to deploy during its launch on July 12, 2000. The panel remained safe to the crew. They completed the EVA after testing the Russian Strela cargo crane.16

3 DECEMBER

2001 EVA 17

World EVA 208

Russian EVA 103

Space Station EVA 112

ISS EVA 7

Duration: 2:46 

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 3

Crew: Vladimir Dezhurov, Mikhail Tyurin, Frank Culbertson 

Spacewalkers: Vladimir Dezhurov, Mikhail Tyurin

Purpose: Remove debris on docking port; photograph and remove 

Progress 5 debris

Progress’s initial attempt to dock was prevented by debris around the Zvezda docking port. Dezhurov 

and Tyurin removed the blockage allowing a successful dock. A week earlier, Endeavour’s launch was 

rescheduled due to debris from a previous Progress supply vehicle.17

5 December STS-108/Endeavour/ISS Expedition 4 launch

10 DECEMBER

2001 EVA 18

World EVA 209

U.S. EVA 113

Shuttle EVA 67

Duration: 4:12

Spacecraft/mission: STS-108

Crew: Dominic Gorie, Mark Kelly, Linda Godwin, Daniel Tani, Yuri Onufrienko 

(Russian Space Agency), Mikhail Tyurin (Russian Space Agency), Vladimir 

Dezhurov (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Linda Godwin, Daniel Tani

Purpose: Install insulation on ISS’s Beta Gimbal Assemblies and retrieval of 

antenna cover

Linda Godwin and Daniel Tani climbed atop the P6 truss from Endeavour’s cargo bay to place insulator blankets over two Beta Gimbal Assemblies, which rotate the ISS’s solar arrays so that they can 

track the Sun’s rays. Once this was completed, they attempted to secure one of the four legs that hold 

the starboard array to the Station, but were unable to close its latch. On their way down from P6, 

16.“International Space Station Status Report #01-43,” NASA Johnson Space Center, accessed 8 January 2014, (http://www

nasa.gov/centers/johnson/news/station/2001/iss01-43.html)

17.“International Space Station Status Report #01-49,” NASA Johnson Space Center, accessed 8 January 2014, (http://www

nasa.gov/centers/johnson/news/station/2001/iss01-49.html)
40 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

Godwin and Tani also retrieved a cover originally from a Station antenna in a stowage bin. Before 

reentering Endeavour, the two positioned two switches on the Station’s exterior to install during the 

STS-110 mission.18

17 December STS-108/Endeavour/ISS Expedition 3 landing

18.“Mission Archives: STS-108,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 11 January 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-108.html); “STS-108 Day 6 Highlights,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 

11 January 2014, (http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-108/sts-108-day-06-highlights.html)
The Chronology // 2002 41

2002

14 JANUARY

2002 EVA 1

World EVA 210

Russian EVA 104/

U.S. EVA 114

Space Station EVA 113

ISS EVA 8

Duration: 6:03

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 4 

Crew: Daniel Bursch, Carl Walz, Yuri Onufrienko (Russia Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Yuri Onufrienko, Carl Walz

Purpose: Install Strela cargo crane to Pirs; install amateur radio antenna

Yuri Onufrienko and Carl Walz completed the installation of a second Strela cargo crane, known as 

Strela 2. Using the functioning Strela 1 cargo crane, the spacewalkers first removed Strela 2 from its 

30-month storage between the Unity and Zarya tunnel, known as PMA-1. They then attached Strela 

2 to Pirs and finalized its installation. The two cargo cranes would later maneuver spacewalkers and 

their equipment during EVAs. Onufrienko and Walz also mounted the first of four amateur communications antennas on Zvezda, with the help of Flight Engineer Daniel Bursch inside.1

25 JANUARY

2002 EVA 2

World EVA 211

Russian EVA 105/

U.S. EVA 115

Space Station EVA 114

ISS EVA 9

Duration: 5:59

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 4

Crew: Daniel Bursch, Carl Walz, Yuri Onufrienko (Russia Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Yuri Onufrienko, Dan Bursch 

Purpose: Install six thruster deflector shields; install amateur radio antenna

The Canadarm2 television cameras allowed Walz to observe and direct the spacewalk from inside the 

Station. Meanwhile in Russian Orlan spacesuits, Bursch and Onufrienko first focused on the Zvezda 

attitude control thrusters. The duo installed six plume deflectors on Zvezda, allowing regulation of the 

sediments released into space by the thrusters. Then, they began work on five experiments attached 

to Zvezda. The spacewalkers first retrieved the Kromka experiment, which recorded the volume and 

types of deposits released by the thrusters. The experiment returned to Earth in May 2002 for further 

research. Bursch and Onufrienko also mounted a new Kromka experiment identical to the one they 

had just collected. Then, they mounted the Platan-M, which photographed low-energy heavy particles 

1. “International Space Station Status Report #02-03,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 15 February 2014, (http://www.nas

gov/centers/johnson/news/station/2002/iss02-03.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David 

J. Shayler with Michael D. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 702; Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Sk

Springer, 2003, p. 31
42 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

from the Sun. Next, Bursch and Onufrienko installed three related Russian experiments that recorded 

the effects space had on numerous materials. These experiments are known as the Replaceable Cassette 

Container (SKK) experiments. Furthermore, the duo installed fairleads on Zvezda handrails to prevent collisions between tethered equipment. The spacewalkers also continued a task from the previous 

spacewalk and installed the second amateur radio antenna and its cables on Zvezda.2

20 FEBRUARY 

2002 EVA 3

World EVA 212

U.S. EVA 116

Space Station EVA 115

ISS EVA 10

Duration: 5:47

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 4

Crew: Daniel Bursch, Carl Walz, Yuri Onufrienko (Russia Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Carl Walz, Dan Bursch

Purpose: First use of the Quest Airlock without Shuttle docked; prepare 

installation of S0 truss; relocate tools and equipment for future spacewalks

On the 40th anniversary of John Glenn’s first flight, astronauts Bursch and Walz performed the first 

solely U.S. spacewalk from the ISS using the Quest airlock. Furthermore, they were the first to exit 

the Station’s Quest airlock without a docked Shuttle in support. Astronaut Joe Tanner assisted from 

Mission Control as the excursion’s Capsule Communicator (CAPCOM). Bursch and Walz’s objective was to prepare the installation of the S0 truss, which was later completed in April 2002. The 

spacewalkers arranged the tools, cables, and adaptors necessary for the four future EVAs to assemble 

the truss.3

1 March STS-109/Columbia launch

4 MARCH 

2002 EVA 4

World EVA 213

U.S. EVA 117

Shuttle EVA 68

Duration: 7:01

Spacecraft/mission: STS-109

Crew: Scott Altman, Duane Carey, John Grunsfeld, Nancy Currie, James 

Newman, Richard Linnehan, Michael Massimino

Spacewalkers: John Grunsfeld, Richard Linnehan

Purpose: Hubble Servicing Mission 3B, the first of five scheduled EVAs

2. “International Space Station Status Report #02-05,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 15 February 2014, (http://www.nas

gov/centers/johnson/news/station/2002/iss02-05.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David 

J. Shayler with Michael D. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 702; Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov and Å. Ingemar Sk

Springer, 2003, p. 31

3. “Integrated Truss Structure,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 15 February 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/new

station/2002/iss02-10.html); “International Space Station Status Report #02-10,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 15 February 

2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/news/station/2002/iss02-10.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, 

Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler with Michael D. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 702; Russian Spacesuits, Isaak P. Abramov a

Ingemar Skoog, Springer, 2003, p. 31
The Chronology // 2002 43

During their 11-day mission, the STS-109 crew focused on servicing the Hubble Space Telescope. 

The crew dedicated five spacewalks to rejuvenating and updating HST. Before the spacewalks began, 

they grasped the telescope with Columbia’s robotic arm and berthed it inside the payload bay. John 

Grunsfeld and Richard Linnehan then performed the first of five EVAs. The spacewalkers tethered 

themselves to the robotic arm, allowing Nancy Currie to maneuver them around the telescope. 

Grunsfeld and Linnehan replaced the old starboard solar array with a smaller, more power generating 

third-generation array. The old solar array was returned to Earth, and its 9-year performance on HST 

was studied.4

5 MARCH

2002 EVA 5

World EVA 214

U.S. EVA 118

Shuttle EVA 69

Duration: 7:16

Spacecraft/mission: STS-109

Crew: Scott Altman, Duane Carey, John Grunsfeld, Nancy Currie, James 

Newman, Richard Linnehan, Michael Massimino

Spacewalkers: James Newman, Michael Massimino 

Purpose: Hubble Servicing Mission 3B, the second of five scheduled EVAs

During the second of five planned EVAs, James Newman and Michael Massimino first replaced the 

other old HST solar array with the new smaller array. They then installed a Reaction Wheel Assembly, 

which allows remote reorientation of the telescope. Similar to the previous day’s EVA, the spacewalkers used Columbia’s robotic arm to maneuver around the telescope. Time permitted Newman 

and Massimino to accomplish additional tasks. They positioned foot restraints in preparation for 

Grunsfeld and Linnehan’s spacewalk the following day, and installed thermal blankets on Bay 6 and 

doorstop extensions on Bay 5. The bays are HST compartments that house various electronic utilities. 

Furthermore, they tested the telescope’s two aft shroud doors and replaced two bottom bolts.5

6 MARCH

2002 EVA 6

World EVA 215

U.S. EVA 119

Shuttle EVA 70

Duration: 6:48

Spacecraft/mission: STS-109

Crew: Scott Altman, Duane Carey, John Grunsfeld, Nancy Currie, James 

Newman, Richard Linnehan, Michael Massimino

Spacewalkers: John Grunsfeld, Richard Linnehan

Purpose: Hubble Servicing Mission 3B, the third of five scheduled EVAs

4. “Mission Archives: STS-109,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 15 February 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-109.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler with

Michael D. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 7

5. Ib
44 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

The EVA was delayed due to a water leak in Grunsfeld’s spacesuit. He replaced the upper portion of 

the suit, known as the Hard Upper Torso (HUT), and was then able to perform the spacewalk with 

Linnehan. Because the new solar arrays generated 20 percent more power, the telescope required a 

new Power Control Unit (PCU) that could handle the increase. The original PCU was launched with 

the telescope 12 years earlier, in 1990. The Space Telescope Operations Control Center in Greenbelt, 

Maryland, powered down HST for the first time since its launch, allowing the spacewalkers to replace 

the PCU. Linnehan first disconnected 30 of 36 PCU connectors. Grunsfeld unhooked the remaining 

six and brought the old PCU to the payload bay. He then installed the telescope’s new PCU and mated 

its cables. An hour later, the mission was proven successful with the telescope’s power-up.6

7 MARCH

2002 EVA 7

World EVA 216

U.S. EVA 120

Shuttle EVA 71

Duration: 7:30

Spacecraft/mission: STS-109

Crew: Scott Altman, Duane Carey, John Grunsfeld, Nancy Currie, James 

Newman, Richard Linnehan, Michael Massimino

Spacewalkers: James Newman, Michael Massimino 

Purpose: Hubble Servicing Mission 3B, the fourth of five scheduled EVAs

Newman and Massimino replaced Hubble’s Faint Object Camera with the Advanced Camera for 

Surveys (ACS), marking the mission’s first science instrument upgrade and the removal of the only 

remaining original instrument. The ACS was 10 times more efficient than the previous Hubble camera. 

The new camera was used to photograph many of the famous images using the telescope, most notably the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. After replacing the Faint Object Camera, Massimino installed the 

Electronic Support Module (ESM), the first element of an experimental cooling system. The remainder 

of the cooling system was installed the next day.7

8 MARCH

2002 EVA 8

World EVA 217

U.S. EVA 121

Shuttle EVA 72

Duration: 7:20

Spacecraft/mission: STS-109 

Crew: Scott Altman, Duane Carey, John Grunsfeld, Nancy Currie, James 

Newman, Richard Linnehan, Michael Massimino

Spacewalkers: John Grunsfeld, Richard Linnehan

Purpose: Hubble Servicing Mission 3B, the fifth of five scheduled EVAs

6. “Mission Archives: STS-109,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 20 February 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-109.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler with

Michael D. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 7

7. “Mission Archives: STS-109,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 20 February 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-109.html); “Mission to Hubble: Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4,” Lori Tyahla, editor, 

accessed 20 February 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/servicing/SM4/main/ACS_R_FS_HTML.html);

Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler with Michael D. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 
The Chronology // 2002 45

During the crew’s final spacewalk, Grunsfeld and Linnehan installed the Near Infrared Camera/

Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) Cryocooler in the aft shroud. NICMOS was installed in 

February 1997 and designed to investigate dim, unknown, and unseen space. However, its solid nitrogen coolant was consumed more quickly than anticipated due to a heat leak. NICMOS reached cryogen exhaustion and remained dormant since January 3, 1999. During their spacewalk, Grunsfeld and 

Linnehan replaced the solid nitrogen coolant with the Cryocooler, allowing NICMOS to operate 

again. Furthermore, they installed the Cooling System Radiator to Hubble’s exterior. Linnehan fed 

the radiator cables through the bottom of the telescope and Grunsfeld connected them to NICMOS. 

The next day, 9 March 2002, Columbia’s robotic arm released HST. With 35 hours and 55 minutes 

required for five spacewalks, the STS-109 crew spent the most time servicing HST, more than any 

other Shuttle crew.8

12 March STS-109/Columbia landing

8 April STS-110/Atlantis launch

11 APRIL

2002 EVA 9

World EVA 218

U.S. EVA 122

Shuttle EVA 73

Duration: 7:48

Spacecraft/mission: STS-110 

Crew: Michael Bloomfield, Stephen Frick, Jerry Ross, Steven Smith, Ellen 

Ochoa, Lee Morin, Rex Walheim

Spacewalkers: Steven Smith, Rex Walheim

Purpose: First of four scheduled EVAs. Connect cables between Destiny

and S0 truss

The STS-110 crew dedicated four spacewalks to mate the 13.5-ton S0 truss with the United States 

Destiny Laboratory. The S0 truss later served as the platform and junction for 10 other trusses and 

additional solar arrays on the ISS. Furthermore, the truss housed computers, navigation devices, and 

coolant and power sources for future modules. During this EVA, Steven Smith and Rex Walheim 

completed the initial steps to mount the truss and secure power cables to Destiny. They first bolted two 

of the four struts on Destiny and prepared avionics equipment and cables for the following spacewalks. 

The pair then connected an umbilical system between the truss and the Mobile Transporter. The latter 

was a significant asset that allowed the Canadarm2 to move around the Station. The Canadarm2 

initially was stationary with a 50-foot (15.24-meter) reach. The Mobile Transporter runs on a railway along the S0 truss and served as a base for the Station’s robotic arm. The Mobile Transporter 

8. “Hubble Space Telescope NCS,” Space Telescope Science Institute, accessed 20 February 2014, (http://www.stsci.ed

hst/nicmos/documents/status_reports/nicmos_cryo.html); “Mission Archives: STS-109,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 20 

February 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-109.html); “NICMOS CryocoolerReactivating a Hubble Instrument,” NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, accessed 20 February 2014, (http://ipp.nasa.gov/

innovation/innovation104/6-smallbiz1.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler with

Michael D. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 7
46 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

later assisted in installing the other trusses. Walheim was the first spacewalker to ride the mobile 

Canadarm2 and move equipment around the ISS.9

13 APRIL

2002 EVA 10

World EVA 219

U.S. EVA 123

Shuttle EVA 74

Duration: 7:30

Spacecraft/mission: STS-110 

Crew: Michael Bloomfield, Stephen Frick, Jerry Ross, Steven Smith, Ellen 

Ochoa, Lee Morin, Rex Walheim

Spacewalkers: Jerry Ross, Lee Morin

Purpose: Second of four scheduled EVAs. Mount struts on Destiny; remove

S0 truss support clamps and panels

Jerry Ross and Lee Morin attached the final two struts on Destiny to mount the S0 truss. While Morin 

rode the Canadarm2 and Ross was tethered to the Station, the pair detached the truss’s clamps and 

panels used for support during launch. They were unable to unscrew a bolt and left the task for a future 

spacewalk. The spacewalkers then installed a backup device for the Mobile Transporter.10

14 APRIL

2002 EVA 11

World EVA 220

U.S. EVA 124

Shuttle EVA 75

Duration: 6:27

Spacecraft/mission: STS-110

Crew: Michael Bloomfield, Stephen Frick, Jerry Ross, Steven Smith, Ellen 

Ochoa, Lee Morin, Rex Walheim

Spacewalkers: Steven Smith, Rex Walheim

Purpose: Third of four scheduled EVAs. Release S0 truss from adapter

latch; reconfigure cables between Destiny and Mobile Transporter; mount 

Airlock Spur to Quest Airlock

Smith and Walheim released the S0 truss from the adapter latch, a claw that restrained the truss to 

Destiny. The pair then reconfigured electrical connections between Destiny and the Mobile Transporter 

to power Canadarm2. While Walheim free-floated and Smith worked from the robotic arm, the pair 

9. “Mission Archives: STS-110,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 February 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-110.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 708; “The Slowest and Fastest Train in the Universe,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 February 2014, (http://www

nasa.gov/missions/shuttle/f_slowtrain.html)

10.“Mission Archives: STS-110,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 February 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-110.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 70
The Chronology // 2002 47

unbolted the clamps that locked the Mobile Transporter to the truss. They delayed their final task, to 

attach the 14-foot (4.26-meter) Airlock Spur to the Quest Airlock, to the final EVA.11

16 APRIL 

2002 EVA 12

World EVA 221

U.S. EVA 125

Shuttle EVA 76

Duration: 6:37

Spacecraft/mission: STS-110

Crew: Michael Bloomfield, Stephen Frick, Jerry Ross, Steven Smith, Ellen 

Ochoa, Lee Morin, Rex Walheim

Spacewalkers: Jerry Ross, Lee Morin

Purpose: Fourth of four scheduled EVAs. Install S0-airlock handrail spur;

install handrails and two Crew Equipment Translation Aid (CETA) lights on S0 

truss; deploy Mobile Transporter energy absorbers

During the mission’s last spacewalk, Ross used the Canadarm2 and Morin free-floated while tethered 

to the ISS. They installed the Airlock Spur and prepared the S0 truss for future constructions. The 

Airlock Spur was moved from the S0 truss to the Quest Airlock. It served as a pathway for future 

spacewalkers assembling trusses. The pair then installed floodlights on Unity and Destiny, providing illumination during spacewalks. The spacewalkers also mounted a work platform for future constructions, installed electrical converters and circuit breakers, and connected shock absorbers to the 

Mobile Transporter.12

19 April STS-110/Atlantis landing

25 April Soyuz-TM 34 launch 

5 May Soyuz-TM 33 landing

5 June STS-111/Endeavour/ISS Expedition 5 launch

11.“Mission Archives: STS-110,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 February 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-110.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 70

12.“Mission Archives: STS-110,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 February 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-110.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 71
48 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

9 JUNE

2002 EVA 13

World EVA 222

ESA EVA 2/U.S. EVA 126 

Shuttle EVA 77

Duration: 7:14

Spacecraft/mission: STS-111 

Crew: Kenneth Cockrell, Paul Lockhart, Franklin Chang-Diaz, Philippe Perrin 

(European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Franklin Chang-Diaz, Philippe Perrin

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Install Power and Data Grapple

Fixture to P6 truss; stow micrometeoroid debris shields in PMA-1; remove 

the Mobile Base Station’s thermal blankets

On 9 June, Franklin Chang-Diaz and Philippe Perrin performed their first spacewalks ever. The STS111 mission was Chang-Diaz’ seventh and last spaceflight. At the time, he and Jerry Ross shared the 

record for the most spaceflights. The spacewalkers’ successfully installed a Power and Data Grapple 

Fixture to the Station’s P6 truss. The fixture allowed the later transfer of the truss to its final position. 

They also temporarily relocated six Service Module Debris Panels, from Endeavour’s payload bay to the 

Station’s Pressurized Mating Adapter 1 (PMA-1). The six panels are micrometeoroid debris shields. The 

shields were later permanently installed on the Zvezda Service Module by another crew. Chang-Diaz 

and Perrin also successfully completed two additional tasks: inspect and photograph the failed Control 

Moment Gyroscope (CMG) on the Z1 truss, and condition the Mobile Base System (MBS) to the 

extreme environment of space by removing its thermal blankets. The MBS was the second component 

of the Mobile Servicing System engineered by the Canadian Space Agency. The first component was 

the Canadarm2. The MBS was designed to be a mobile platform, able to carry the robotic arm and 

serve as a storage facility.13

11 JUNE 

2002 EVA 14

World EVA 223

ESA EVA 3/U.S. EVA 127

Shuttle EVA 78

Duration: 5:00

Spacecraft/mission: STS-111

Crew: Kenneth Cockrell, Paul Lockhart, Franklin Chang-Diaz, Philippe Perrin 

(European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Franklin Chang-Diaz, Philippe Perrin

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Connect cables between

Mobile Transporter and MBS; deploy Payload Orbital Replacement Unit 

Accommodation (POA); relocate MBS camera; secure MBS bolts

The astronauts’ second EVA focused on finalizing the installation of the MBS, a movable platform. 

Chang-Diaz and Perrin coupled the platform’s primary and backup video and data cables, as well as 

13.“Mission Archives: STS-111,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 25 February 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-111.html); “Mobile Base System,” Canadian Space Agency, accessed 25 February 2014, (http://

www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/iss/mobile-base/default.asp); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J

Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 71
The Chronology // 2002 49

power connections with the Mobile Transporter. Once mounted on the Mobile Transporter, the MBS 

was able to move along tracks across the entire Station. The pair then attached the POA to the platform. The POA is an auxiliary grapple fixture that clutches payloads as they move along the Station’s 

truss. The pair relocated a camera above the MBS, which provided better views of the ISS spacewalks. 

The astronauts finalized the installation of the MBS by securing four bolts.14

13 JUNE

2002 EVA 15

World EVA 224

ESA EVA 4/U.S. EVA 128

Shuttle EVA 79

Duration: 7:16

Spacecraft/mission: STS-111 

Crew: Kenneth Cockrell, Paul Lockhart, Franklin Chang-Diaz, Philippe Perrin 

(European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Franklin Chang-Diaz, Philippe Perrin

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Replace Canadarm2 wrist roll join

During the mission’s last EVA, Chang-Diaz and Perrin repaired the Canadarm2 after a faulty joint 

restricted its movement. The astronauts brought the new wrist roll joint to the ISS in Endeavour’s payload bay. After replacing the faulty joint, the robotic arm was restored to full use. They then aligned 

the new component with the wrist yaw joint, reinforced the joint and the arm with six bolts, and connected power, data, and video lines.15

19 June STS-111/Endeavour/ISS Expedition 4 landing

16 AUGUST

2002 EVA 16

World EVA 225

Russian EVA 106/

U.S. EVA 129

Space Station EVA 116

ISS EVA 11

Duration: 4:25

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 5

Crew: Valery Korzun, Sergei Treschev, Peggy Whitson 

Spacewalkers: Valery Korzun, Peggy Whitson

Purpose: Install six micrometeoroid debris shields to Zvezda; retrieve 

samples from Kromka experiment

14.“Mission Archives: STS-111,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 27 February 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-111.html); “Mobile Base System,” Canadian Space Agency, accessed 26 February 2014, (http://

www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/iss/mobile-base/default.asp); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J

Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 71

15.“Mission Archives: STS-111,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 27 February 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-111.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 716; “STS-111 Extravehicular Activities,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 28 February 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa

gov/shuttle/archives/sts-111/eva/index.html)
50 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

During the crew’s two spacewalks, they repaired and installed various components of the Zvezda and 

Zarya modules. A misconfigured oxygen valve in the Orlan spacesuits required Valery Korzun and 

Peggy Whitson to repeat their pre-EVA procedures, causing a 1-hour, 43-minute delay to the first 

EVA. Their main objective was to mount the six Service Module Debris Panels to Zvezda. To prepare for the task, the spacewalkers set up the tools and expanded the Strela boom to access the work 

area. Then they transported the six Service Module Debris Panels from PMA-1 and mounted them 

on Zvezda. The six panels are micrometeoroid debris shields intended to protect the module until its 

retirement. Seventeen additional shields were flown to the Station during later Shuttle missions. Due to 

the delay at the start of the mission, Russian flight controllers deferred the less urgent tasks of installing 

the Kromka experiment and collecting samples of thruster residue.16

26 AUGUST

2002 EVA 17

World EVA 226

Russian EVA 107

Space Station EVA 117

ISS EVA 12

Duration: 5:21

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 5

Crew: Valery Korzun, Sergei Treschev, Peggy Whitson (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Valery Korzun, Sergei Treschev

Purpose: Install attachment frame to ORU attachment frame outside FGB to 

Zarya exterior; replace Japan’s materials experiment; mount four fairleads for 

EVA tethers; replace Kromka hardware

Spacewalkers Sergei Treschev and Valery Korzun were delayed due to a pressure leak in the hatch 

between Zvezda and Zarya. Upon exiting the Pirs hatch, the pair immediately mounted a frame that 

allowed equipment to be temporarily stowed on Zarya during future spacewalks. They also installed 

four fairleads to more efficiently route tethers during EVAs around the module. Treschev and Korzun 

then traded experimental devices provided by the Japanese Space Agency. The experiment required the 

pair to retrieve an old suitcase-sized instrument and replace it with a new panel. It measured the effects 

of space on engineering equipment. Because time permitted, the spacewalkers replaced the Kromka-2 

deflector plate evaluator, which was an unfinished task from the EVA 10 days earlier. The cosmonauts 

finalized their mission with the installation of the final two amateur radio antennas on Zvezda to 

improve communications with ham radios on Earth.17

7 October STS-112/Atlantis launch

16.“International Space Station Status Report #02-36,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 5 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov

centers/johnson/news/station/2002/iss02-36.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J

Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 71

17.“International Space Station Reference: Ham Radio,” Kim Dismukes, editor, accessed 8 March 2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa

gov/station/reference/radio); “International Space Station Status Report #02-38,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 7 March 

2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/news/station/2002/iss02-38.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, 

Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 7
The Chronology // 2002 51

10 OCTOBER

2002 EVA 18

World EVA 227

U.S. EVA 130

Shuttle EVA 80

Duration: 7:01

Spacecraft/mission: STS-112

Crew: Jeffrey Ashby, Pamela Melroy, David Wolf, Piers Sellers, Sandra 

Magnus, Fyodor Yurchikhin (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: David Wolf, Piers Sellers

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Connect Starboard One (S1)

cables; deploy S1 antenna; install S1 camera

Mission specialists David Wolf and Piers Sellers first connected power, data, and fluid lines between 

the S1 and S0 trusses. They released launch bolts on a beam, to reorient the S1 radiators and allow optimum cooling. The astronauts then installed an S1 antenna, which improved voice communications 

with ground controllers. Upon releasing the launch restraints on CETA, Wolf and Sellers installed an 

external camera to the S1 truss. The manually operated CETA cart was a device capable of transporting up to 1,200 pounds (544.32 kilograms). This cart was distinguished as the “CETA-A” cart, and 

then later moved and renamed “CETA-B.”18

12 OCTOBER

2002 EVA 19

World EVA 228

U.S. EVA 131

Shuttle EVA 81

Duration: 6:04

Spacecraft/mission: STS-112

Crew: Jeffrey Ashby, Pamela Melroy, David Wolf, Piers Sellers, Sandra 

Magnus, Fyodor Yurchikhin (Russian Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: David Wolf, Piers Sellers

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Install 24 Spool Positioning

Devices; install camera to Destiny; release CETA launch locks

During the second of three EVAs, Wolf and Sellers installed 22 Spool Positioning Devices (SPD) 

on the ammonia-cooling line connections, which would prevent internal leakage from lines streaming ammonia through the Station. They also attached ammonia supply lines to the S1 radiator and 

mounted the ISS’s second television camera on the Destiny lab. Two additional SPDs were not installed 

because they did not fit. At the conclusion of the EVA, the astronauts further prepared the CETA cart 

and other tools needed to install the next starboard truss.19

18.“International Space Station Assembly: A Construction Site in Orbit,” Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, accessed 8 Marc

2014, (http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews/factsheets/pdfs/assembly.pdf); “Mission Archives: STS-112,” Jeanne Ryba, 

editor, accessed 8 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-112.html)

19.“Mission Archives: STS-112,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 8 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-112.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 72
52 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

14 OCTOBER

2002 EVA 20

World EVA 229

U.S. EVA 132

Shuttle EVA 82

Duration: 6:36

Spacecraft/mission: STS-112

Crew: Jeffrey Ashby, Pamela Melroy, David Wolf, Piers Sellers, Sandra 

Magnus, Fyodor Yurchikhin (Russian Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: David Wolf, Piers Sellers

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Connect lines between S0 and S1

trusses; remove S1 truss launch support

Wolf and Sellers first removed a bolt that restricted the activation of a cable cutter on the Mobile 

Transporter. The pair then linked ammonia lines and detached the S1 truss’s launch support clamps. 

Ahead of schedule, they also installed SPDs on a pump motor assembly, a mechanism that circulates 

ammonia through the Station’s cooling system. From within the Station, Sandra Magnus and Peggy 

Whitson, who was a member of the Expedition 5 crew, operated the Canadarm2. The robotic arm 

served as a work platform for the spacewalkers.20

18 October STS-112/Atlantis landing

30 October Soyuz-TMA 1 1aunch

10 November Soyuz-TM 34 landing

23 November STS-113/Endeavour/ISS Expedition 6 launch

26 NOVEMBER 

2002 EVA 21

World EVA 230

U.S. EVA 133

Shuttle EVA 83

Duration: 6:45 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-113

Crew: James Wetherbee, Paul Lockhart, Michael Lopez-Alegria, 

John Herrington

Spacewalkers: Michael Lopez-Alegria, John Herrington

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Connect P1 truss cables; release

CETA-B cart launch locks; install Spool Positioning Devices; install Wireless 

External Transceiver Assembly antenna

During the STS-113 crew’s 14-day mission, they worked with the ISS Expedition 6 crew to install the 

Port One (P1) truss. Michael Lopez-Alegria and John Herrington of STS-113 performed the three 

EVAs to activate the new truss. The pair first connected power cables and fluid lines between the 

truss and the Station, then installed the SPDs to ensure the quick disconnection devices functioned 

20.“Mission Archives: STS-112,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 8 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-112.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 72
The Chronology // 2002 53

correctly. The spacewalkers also disengaged launch locks on the CETA-B cart, allowing its installation 

during the following EVA. Lastly, the astronauts mounted the Node Wireless video system External 

Transceiver Assembly (WETA) antenna that provided reception from cameras on spacewalkers’ helmets without a docked Shuttle.21

28 NOVEMBER

2002 EVA 22

World EVA 231

U.S. EVA 134

Shuttle EVA 84

Duration: 6:10

Spacecraft/mission: STS-113

Crew: James Wetherbee, Paul Lockhart, Michael Lopez-Alegria, 

John Herrington

Spacewalkers: Michael Lopez-Alegria, John Herrington

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Connect fluid lines between

P1 and S0 trusses; install WETA on P1 truss; relocate CETA cart from P1 to 

S1 truss

On Thanksgiving Day, Lopez-Alegria and Herrington continued assembling the P1 truss. They first 

coupled two fluid jumpers between the P1 and S0 trusses, linking the Station’s cooling system to the 

P1 truss. The pair retrieved the starboard keel pin and stowed it in the new truss, mounted a WETA 

antenna to the P1 truss, and removed the launch locks to the truss’s radiator beams. Herrington rode 

the Canadarm2 and lifted the CETA-B cart to the S1 truss and attached it to the sister cart, which was 

delivered on STS-112. The astronauts concluded the EVA by rewiring an antenna installed during the 

previous spacewalk.22

30 NOVEMBER

2002 EVA 23

World EVA 232

U.S. EVA 135

Shuttle EVA 85

Duration: 7:00 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-113

Crew: James Wetherbee, Paul Lockhart, Michael Lopez-Alegria, John 

Herrington, Peggy Whitson (returned to Earth), and Valery Korzun and Sergei 

Treschev (Russian Space Agency, returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: Michael Lopez-Alegria, John Herrington

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Install SPDs; reconfigure MBSU

cables; install NH3 tank lines; deploy UHF antenna

Lopez-Alegria and Herrington completed the installation of 33 SPDs around the Station’s exterior. 

Herrington then disentangled an Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) communications antenna and an 

21.“Mission Archives: STS-113,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 7 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-113.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 72

22.“Mission Archives: STS-113,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 7 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-113.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 72
54 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

umbilical device on the Mobile Transporter. Herrington notably finished his tasks without using the 

Canadarm2, which was planned to help him maneuver around the Station.23

7 December STS-113/Endeavour/ISS Expedition 5 landing

23.“Mission Archives: STS-113,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 7 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-113.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 72
The Chronology // 2003 55

2003

15 JANUARY

2003 EVA 1

World EVA 233

U.S. EVA 136

Space Station EVA 118

ISS EVA 13

Duration: 6:51

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 6

Crew: Kenneth Bowersox, Donald Pettit, Nikolai Budarin (Russian 

Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Kenneth Bowersox, Donald Pettit

Purpose: Remove grit from Unity Node CBM; release 10 P1 truss 

radiator launch locks; install light and stanchion to CETA; measure 

ammonia reservoir

Nikolai Budarin was scheduled to perform the EVA on 12 December 2002 and become the first 

Russian spacewalker to wear an American spacesuit and use the Quest Airlock. Though Russian doctors agreed Budarin was qualified to perform Russian spacewalks, U.S. medical specialists ruled the 

cosmonaut physically unfit to use the U.S. spacesuits and Quest airlock. The countries have different 

medical requirements for use of their spacesuits and airlocks. Therefore, the EVA was delayed until 15 

January 2003 and Donald Pettit replaced Budarin. The 50th spacewalk to construct and maintain the 

ISS was the first spacewalk for Kenneth Bowersox and Pettit. Within the Station, Nikolai Budarin choreographed the EVA and operated the television cameras on Canadarm2. At the start of the spacewalk, 

the crew had a few challenges. The spacewalkers had trouble opening the airlock hatch due to a strap 

inside the thermal hatch cover. Upon setting their spacesuits on internal battery power, Bowersox lost 

digital data for the suit system and was required to recycle the suit power. The astronauts then completed most of their tasks successfully. They immediately retrieved their tools and released the remaining 10 launch restraints on the P1 truss’s radiator system. Mission Control in Houston then remotely 

unfolded the truss’s center radiator to its full length of 75 feet (22.86 meters). They then prepared for 

the berthing of the Raffaello Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) to the Unity Node, scheduled 

for March. Pettit wiped away the minor amounts of grit from the sealing ring of Unity’s Common 

Berthing Mechanism, leaving it in pristine condition. However, the spacewalkers were unable to install 

a stanchion and light fixture to a CETA cart. The pair could not retrieve the stowed stanchion from 

the truss because a jammed pin restricted its movement. They concluded the EVA by inspecting the 

health of the trusses’ ammonia reserves for a future Shuttle assembly flight. Upon returning to the 

Quest Airlock, Bowersox and Pettit cut the obstructive hatch cover strap and shut the hatch normally.1

16 January–1 February STS-107/Columbia (vehicle and crew were lost during re-entry) 

1. “International Space Station Status Report #03-3,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 15 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

centers/johnson/news/station/2003/iss03-3.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J

Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 73
56 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

8 APRIL

2003 EVA 2

World EVA 234

U.S. EVA 137

Space Station EVA 119

ISS EVA 14

Duration: 6:26

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 6

Crew: Kenneth Bowersox, Donald Pettit, Nikolai Budarin (Russian 

Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Kenneth Bowersox, Donald Pettit

Purpose: Reconfigure S0, S1 and P1 cables; inspect the P1 truss 

heater; install a light and stanchion to CETA cart; reroute Control Moment 

Gyros cables; secured S1 Radiator Beam Valve module; replace Mobile 

Transporter power relay box

After the loss of the Space Shuttle Columbia on 1 February, the Expedition 6 crew performed an 

additional EVA to eliminate any spacewalks during the succeeding ISS crew’s flight.2 Budarin helped 

Bowersox and Pettit into their spacesuits, and then monitored the EVA from Destiny. First, the astronauts targeted individual tasks that were deferred or not considered urgent. Pettit installed a new 

power relay box in the Mobile Transporter because it had electrical glitches. Meanwhile, Bowersox 

rerouted the electrical connections between the S0 truss and the two adjoining trusses, S1 and P1. 

The reconfiguration reduced the likelihood of unintentional release of the flanking trusses. Bowersox 

also investigated the source of a glitch in the P1 heater, but could not find any obvious problems. 

After the astronauts completed their individual tasks, they met at the Z1 truss and repaired one of 

the Station’s four orientation devices, which are collectively known as the Control Moment Gyros 

(CMGs). Furthermore, Bowersox and Pettit rerouted the power cables between two CMGs, preventing both from becoming disabled during a power failure. They also installed two SPDs on the fluid 

quick disconnect lines on Destiny’s heat exchanger. Next, the spacewalkers reinstalled the S1 truss’s 

Radiator Beam Valve module, which regulated the ammonia flow. Finally, the pair completed a task 

they deferred during the previous EVA and installed lights and a stanchion to the CETA cart. They 

were finally able to release the jammed stanchion from the truss by tapping it with a hammer.3

25 April Soyuz-TMA 2/ISS Expedition 7 launch 

3 May Soyuz-TMA 1/ISS Expedition 6 landing

15–16 October Shenzhou 5 launch and landing

18 October Soyuz-TMA 3/ISS Expedition 8 launch

27 October Soyuz-TMA 2/ISS Expedition 7 landing 

2. Refer to https://www.nasa.gov/columbia/home/index.html for more details concerning the Columbia Accide

3. “International Space Station Status Report #03-15,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 25 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

centers/johnson/news/station/2003/iss03-15.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J

Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 73
The Chronology // 2004 57

2004

26 FEBRUARY

2004 EVA 1

World EVA 235

Russian EVA 108/

U.S. EVA 138 

Space Station EVA 120

ISS EVA 15

Duration: 3:55

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 8

Crew: Alexander Kaleri, Michael Foale (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Michael Foale, Alexander Kaleri

Purpose: Replace the SKK; retrieve Micro-Particle Capturer and Space 

Environment Exposure Devices (MPAC/SEEDs) panel #2 and relocate panel 

#3; install Matryoshka experiment; replace two SKK cassettes; relocate 

Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) reflectors; install new Kromka sampling 

tray; reconfigure Platan-M payload experiment

Alexander Kaleri and Michael Foale performed the first two-person spacewalk without a crewmember occupying the Station—it was the first time the Station was unattended since November 2000. 

Because they were alone, the pair took a precautionary measure and temporarily installed a protective 

ring around the Pirs hatch, preventing snagging when entering and leaving the airlock. Their objective 

was to install European and Japanese scientific packages and retrieve old data on the Zvezda module. 

They replaced two of the Russian SKK, which contained materials measuring the effects of the space 

environment. Next, the spacewalkers retrieved a panel and relocated another panel of the Japanesemade MPAC/SEED. The experiment studied micrometeoroid impacts. Kaleri and Foale then installed 

a new Russian experiment, Matryoshka, a torso-like device comprised of simulative human tissue. The 

data was used to study the effects of radiation on long-term crewmembers. The EVA was scheduled for 

about 5 hours, 30 minutes, but was cut short when Kaleri felt unusually warm and noticed water drops 

in his helmet visor. Soon after, Russian flight controllers identified a cooling and dehumidifying failure 

in the Russian Orlan suit. Both spacewalkers immediately returned to the Pirs module and repressurized the airlock. Foale quickly located and straightened out a kink in the liquid cooling garment 

umbilical, allowing water to flow normally again. Work on the ATV reflectors, Kromka thrusters, and 

the Platan-M payload were deferred.1

18 April Soyuz-TMA 4/ISS Expedition 9 launch

29 April Soyuz-TMA 3/ISS Expedition 8 landing

1. “International Space Station Status Report #04-11,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 28 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

centers/johnson/news/station/2004/iss04-11.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J

Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 73
58 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

24 JUNE

2004 EVA 2

World EVA 236

Russian EVA 109/

U.S. EVA 139

Space Station EVA 121

ISS EVA 16

Duration: 0:14

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 9

Crew: Gennady Padalka, Michael Fincke (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Gennady Padalka, Michael Fincke

Purpose: Replace malfunctioning circuit breaker

For over a month, the crew repaired the faulty Orlan spacesuit and serviced the Station in preparation for the EVA. However, at the start of the spacewalk, Russian flight controllers noticed Michael 

Fincke’s primary oxygen bottle depressurizing too quickly. Within 14 minutes, the spacewalkers 

abandoned the EVA. Fincke was entirely stable and did not require the reserved oxygen tank. They 

later identified the oxygen control lever as the cause of the depressurization. The crew later completed the mission on 30 June.2

30 JUNE

2004 EVA 3

World EVA 237

Russian EVA 110/

U.S. EVA 140 

Space Station EVA 122

ISS EVA 17

Duration: 5:40 

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 9

Crew: Gennady Padalka, Michael Fincke (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Gennady Padalka, Michael Fincke

Purpose: Replace Remote Power Control Module (RPCM) on a CMG

The spacewalkers and Russian and U.S. mission controllers communicated effortlessly in a well-choreographed 

and seamless EVA. Unlike the previous EVA on 24 June that was terminated early due to a spacesuit 

problem, the 30 June 30 spacewalk was completed smoothly, even allowing Padalka and Fincke to 

complete additional tasks. Their primary and most urgent job was completed an hour ahead of schedule. The pair replaced a faulty RPCM and restored power to a CMG, one of the Station’s orientation 

devices. With time permitting, Padalka and Fincke additionally installed two flexible fabric handrails, 

mounted a Kromka contamination monitor to the thruster exhausts, and attached two handrail end 

caps on the airlock.3

2. “International Space Station Status Report #04-32,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 28 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

centers/johnson/news/station/2004/iss04-32.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J

Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 74

3. “International Space Station Status Report #04-32,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 1 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

centers/johnson/news/station/2004/iss04-36.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J

Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 74
The Chronology // 2004 59

3 AUGUST

2004 EVA 4

World EVA 238

Russian EVA 111/

U.S. EVA 141 

Space Station EVA 123

ISS EVA 18

Duration: 4:30 

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 9

Crew: Gennady Padalka, Michael Fincke (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Gennady Padalka, Michael Fincke 

Purpose: Install two ATV antennas; remove six ATV laser reflectors and 

install four new reflectors; uncouple cable from ATV camera; replace 

Kromka, SKK, and Platan-M experiments

To prepare for the docking of the first ATV, Padalka and Fincke installed the corresponding and 

necessary hardware. The ATV, known as “Jules Verne,” was an unpiloted cargo ship designed by 

the European Space Agency (ESA) with the capacity to carry seven tons of equipment and supplies. 

Furthermore, the ATV boosted the Station’s orbit and carried away waste in its atmospheric burn up. 

Before they completed docking preparations, the spacewalkers first replaced the SKK cassette and the 

Kromka thruster experiment, as well as retrieved the Platan-M data. They then installed two ATV 

antennas and docking equipment, and replaced six laser reflectors with four more advanced counterparts. Finally, they disconnected the cable of a failed ATV camera.4

3 SEPTEMBER

2004 EVA 5

World EVA 239

Russian EVA 112/

U.S. EVA 142 

Space Station EVA 124

ISS EVA 19

Duration: 5:21 

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 9

Crew: Gennady Padalka, Michael Fincke (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Gennady Padalka, Michael Fincke 

Purpose: Replace Zarya thermal system fluid control unit; mount four tether 

fairleads on Zarya; install three ATV antennas and remove five antenna 

covers; install four handrails on Pirs hatch; photograph MPAC/SEED

During the crew’s fourth and final EVA, they continued preparations to dock the first ESA-provided 

ATV. Padalka and Fincke first replaced the Zarya module’s thermal system fluid control unit, a device 

that measured coolant levels. Next, they mounted tether guides on four Zarya handrails to prevent 

snagged tethers. The spacewalkers took a break during orbital darkness and updated the Houston flight 

controllers on the ISS’s orientation. The data helped determine if the Orlan suits affected the Station’s 

position. The pair then installed three communication antennas on Zvezda, which later guided the 

docking ATV. They attached protective handrail covers to Pirs’ airlock hatches, to avoid inadvertent 

4. “International Space Station Status Report #04-43,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 5 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

centers/johnson/news/station/2004/iss04-43.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J

Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 74
60 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

snags between the tethers and handrails. After Fincke photographed the MPAC/SEED experiment, 

they concluded the EVA.5

13 October Soyuz-TMA 5/ISS Expedition 10 launch

23 October Soyuz-TMA 4/ISS Expedition 9 landing

5. “International Space Station Status Report #04-50,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 5 April, 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

centers/johnson/news/station/2004/iss04-50.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J

Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 74
The Chronology // 2005 61

2005

26 JANUARY

2005 EVA 1

World EVA 240

Russian EVA 113/

U.S. EVA 143 

Space Station EVA 125

ISS EVA 20

Duration: 5:28 

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 10

Crew: Salizhan Sharipov (Russian Space Agency), Leroy Chiao

Spacewalkers: Salizhan Sharipov, Leroy Chiao

Purpose: Install the Universal Work Platform; install Rokviss robotic arm and 

antenna; relocate MPAC/SEED experiment; photograph contamination on 

Zvezda vent; install Biorisk experiment

During their first EVA together, Chiao and Sharipov installed the Universal Work Platform and 

numerous experiments to Zvezda’s exterior. Above the platform, the crew attached the German experiment Rokviss, which consisted of a small flexible robotic arm, an illumination device, and a power 

source. The installation of the Rokviss antenna allowed both the ISS crew and German operators 

to control the arm remotely. The crew then transported the MPAC/SEED experiment to an adjacent bracket on Zvezda. Sharipov also photographed white and brown residues and an oily substance 

around the Zvezda vent. The deposits were byproducts of the Elektron oxygen generator, Vozdukh 

carbon dioxide scrubber, and a particle purification device. The crew concluded the spacewalk with the 

installation of the Russian experiment Biorisk. The study observed the effects of the space environment 

on microorganisms.1

28 MARCH

2005 EVA 2

World EVA 241

Russian EVA 114/

U.S. EVA 144 

Space Station EVA 126

ISS EVA 21

Duration: 4:30

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 10

Crew: Leroy Chiao, Salizhan Sharipov (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Salizhan Sharipov, Leroy Chiao

Purpose: Install three ATV antennas; jettison nanosatellite experiment; 

install ATV GPS; observe and photograph ATV antennas and laser reflector

Chiao and Sharipov continued preparations for the first ATV docking and deployed a small experimental satellite. The spacewalkers first installed three communication antennas on Zvezda. The antennas are a segment of the Proximity Communications Equipment (PCE) that provided interaction 

between the ATV and service module during docking. Two hours later, from a ladder on Pirs, Sharipov 

1. “International Space Station Status Report #05-04,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 5 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

centers/johnson/news/station/iss05-04.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler,

Springer, 2007, p. 74
62 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

manually released the 1-foot, (0.30-meter), 11-pound (4.99-kilogram) German nanosatellite into orbit. 

Chiao photographed the deployment. The small satellite tested new and untried satellite techniques, 

operations, and system sensors. Two hours later, Russian controllers confirmed a good signal from the 

nanosatellite. Also, with the assistance of Russian flight controllers, the crew installed another part of 

the PCE, called the Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. The device provided approaching ATVs 

the Station’s position. In addition, the pair examined and photographed ATV components to confirm 

their locations with Russian controllers. As they returned to the Pirs airlock, the spacewalkers secured 

cabling on Zvezda. Due to a circuit breaker failure, one of three CMGs stopped functioning. The two 

functioning CMGs sustained the ISS’s orientation until the end of the EVA. The thrusters could not 

be used during the spacewalk due to its proximity to the work area.2

14 April Soyuz-TMA 6/ISS Expedition 11 launch

24 April Soyuz-TMA 5/ISS Expedition 10 landing

26 July STS-114/Discovery launch

30 JULY

2005 EVA 3

World EVA 242

Japanese EVA 3/

U.S. EVA 145 

Shuttle EVA 86

Duration: 6:50

Spacecraft/mission: STS-114

Crew: Eileen Collins, James Kelly, Charles Camarda, Wendy Lawrence, 

Stephen Robinson, Andrew Thomas, Soichi Noguchi (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Soichi Noguchi, Stephen Robinson

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Demonstrate repair techniques to

the Shuttle’s Thermal Protection System using Emittance Wash Applicator 

on broken tile test article; install stowage platform base and cables; reroute 

CMG-2 power cables; replace GPS antenna

Mission specialist Soichi Noguchi was the second JAXA astronaut to perform a spacewalk. The 

occasion marked the third Japanese EVA. With Discovery docked on the ISS, Noguchi and Stephen 

Robinson executed the first of three EVAs. They first demonstrated repairing deliberately damaged 

tiles to test the Emittance Wash Applicator, a new tile repair tool for the Shuttle Thermal Protection 

System. The spacewalkers also furthered the ISS construction and installed the External Stowage 

Platform Attachment Device, which consisted of the platform base and cables. They also replaced the 

GPS antenna and rerouted power to the CMG-2.3

2. “International Space Station Status Report #05-16,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 5 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

centers/johnson/news/station/iss05-16.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler,

Springer, 2007, p. 75

3. “Mission Archives: STS-114,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 2 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-114.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 75
The Chronology // 2005 63

1 AUGUST

2005 EVA 4

World EVA 243

Japanese EVA 4/

U.S. EVA 146 

Shuttle EVA 87

Duration: 7:14

Spacecraft/mission: STS-114

Crew: Eileen Collins, James Kelly, Charles Camarda, Wendy Lawrence, 

Stephen Robinson, Andrew Thomas, Soichi Noguchi (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Soichi Noguchi, Stephen Robinson

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Replace CMG-1; set up tools for

next EVA

During the STS-114 crew’s second EVA, Robinson and Noguchi disconnected and stowed the failed 

CMG-1. They retrieved the replacement CMG from the payload bay. Its installation restored the ISS to 

four, properly functioning CMGs. The astronauts prepared tools for the following EVA and concluded 

the excursion.4

3 AUGUST

2005 EVA 5

World EVA 244

Japanese EVA 5/

U.S. EVA 147

Shuttle EVA 88

Duration: 6:01

Spacecraft/mission: STS-114

Crew: Eileen Collins, James Kelly, Charles Camarda, Wendy Lawrence, 

Stephen Robinson, Andrew Thomas, Soichi Noguchi (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Soichi Noguchi, Stephen Robinson

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Inspect and remove two

protruding Shuttle tile gap fillers; install the external stowage platform to ISS; 

deploy the Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE 5) 

Robinson rode the Canadarm2 to Discovery’s underside and became the first astronaut to venture 

there and inspect and repair the Shuttle during a spacewalk. With his gloved hand, Robinson gently 

tugged and retrieved two protruding gap fillers between the orbiter’s thermal protection tiles. The 

job was expected to be difficult, but he completed this unplanned repair task easily. The crew also 

completed the installation of the external stowage platform, which later stored spare parts from future 

Station EVAs. Robinson and Noguchi installed the MISSE. This experiment exposed materials to the 

harsh space environments for months.5

9 August STS-114/Discovery landing

4. “Mission Archives: STS-114,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 2 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-114.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 75

5. “Mission Archives: STS-114,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 2 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-114.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 75
64 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

18 AUGUST

2005 EVA 6

World EVA 245

Russian EVA 115/

U.S. EVA 148

Space Station 127

ISS EVA 22

Duration: 4:58

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 11

Crew: Sergei Krikalev (Russian Space Agency), John Phillips (NASA), 

Roberto Vittori (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Sergei Krikalev, John Phillips

Purpose: Retrieve Biorisk experiment canister, MPAC/SEED panel number 

three, and Matryoshka experiment; install a reserve camera on Zvezda; 

photograph Korma experiment

During John Phillips’ first spacewalk, he and veteran spacewalker Sergei Krikalev retrieved samples 

from various experiments, installed a spare television camera for ATV dockings, and photographed 

the Korma experiment. They retrieved a canister from the Biorisk experiment, a MPAC/SEED panel, 

and the simulative torso-shaped Matryoshka. The collected data were later studied in the Station and 

on Earth. The task to relocate a grapple fixture, from the Strela crane to PMA-3, was deferred to a 

future spacewalk.6

30 September Soyuz-TMA 7/ISS Expedition 12 launch

10 October Soyuz-TMA 6/ISS Expedition 11 landing

12–16 October Shenzhou 6 launch and landing

7 NOVEMBER

2005 EVA 7

World EVA 246

Russian EVA 116/

U.S. EVA 149

Space Station EVA 128

ISS EVA 23

Duration: 5:22 

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 12

Crew: William McArthur, Valeri Tokarev (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: William McArthur, Valeri Tokarev

Purpose: Install TV camera to P1 truss; replace S1 rotary joint motor 

controller; jettison Floating Potential Probe; replace the failed circuit breaker 

of the Mobile Transporter

For the first time since 8 April 2003, an ISS crew wore the U.S. spacesuits and exited the Quest Airlock. 

Furthermore, Tokarev became the first Russian spacewalker to use U.S. facilities in the Station. The 

pair required 2 hours and 10 minutes to install a camera on the P1 truss. The camera later greatly 

assisted in the installation of the Port Three (P3) and Port Four (P4) trusses. While waiting for the 

required sunlight to jettison the failed Floating Potential Probe (FPP), the spacewalkers moved on to 

6. “Expedition 11: Station Crew Completes Spacewalk,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 5 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition11/exp11_spacewalk.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim 

Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 7
The Chronology // 2005 65

a task scheduled for a future EVA and retrieved a failed rotary joint motor controller. Tokarev and 

McArthur then successfully jettisoned the FPP into orbit, where it later burned up during atmospheric 

reentry. Afterward, they completed an unscheduled task and replaced a failed circuit breaker in the 

Mobile Transporter.7

7. “International Space Station: Spacewalkers Install New Camera Assembly, Jettison FPP,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 

April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition12/exp12_eva.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight 

Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 7

The Chronology // 2006 67

2006

3 FEBRUARY

2006 EVA 1

World EVA 247

Russian EVA 117/

U.S. EVA 150

Space Station EVA 129

ISS EVA 24

Duration: 5:43

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 12

Crew: William McArthur, Valeri Tokarev (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: William McArthur, Valeri Tokarev

Purpose: Jettison SuitSat, retired Orlan suit with ham radio and batteries; 

relocate Strela boom adapter to PMA-3; secure Mobile Transporter cable; 

retrieve Biorisk experiment; photograph exterior of service module

The Expedition 12 crew’s second spacewalk was postponed from December 2005 to February 2006, 

to allow more time for preparations. McArthur and Tokarev wore the Orlan M suits and exited from 

the Pirs airlock. They manually jettisoned a retired Orlan spacesuit into orbit that had been repurposed 

and equipped with three batteries, a ham radio, and internal sensors. For a few days, the orbiting 

“SuitSat” emitted children’s voices and salutations in six languages to amateur radio operators. Within 

a few weeks, SuitSat burned up during reentry. The spacewalkers also relocated a Strela grapple fixture 

from the Zarya module to PMA-3, to create a temporary storage area for the Zvezda debris panels. 

McArthur and Tokarev then relocated and secured a mobile transporter cable, which was inadvertently severed on 16 December 2005. They also retrieved the Biorisk experiment and photographed 

the Russian Micrometeoroid Measuring System, the exterior of Zvezda, a ham radio antenna, and a 

fuel drain outlet pipe.1

29 March Soyuz-TMA 8/ISS Expedition 13 launch

8 April Soyuz-TMA 7/ISS Expedition 12 landing

1. “International Space Station: Spacewalkers Install New Camera Assembly, Jettison FPP,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 

April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition12/exp12_eva.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight 

Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 7
68 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

FIGURE 6. SuitSat. Backdropped by the blackness of space and Earth’s horizon, a spacesuit-turned-satellite called SuitSat began its orbit around Earth after it was released by the Expedition 12 crewmembers during an EVA on 3 February 2006. SuitSat, a Russian Orlan spacesuit whose utility

had expired, was outfitted by the crew with three batteries, internal sensors and a radio transmitter, which faintly transmitted recorded voices of school children to amateur radio operators 

worldwide. (NASA ISS012-E-16905

1 JUNE

2006 EVA 2

World EVA 248

Russian EVA 118/

U.S. EVA 151

Space Station EVA 130

ISS EVA 25

Duration: 6:31

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 13

Crew: Pavel Vinogradov (Russian Space Agency), Jeffrey Williams (NASA) 

Spacewalkers: Pavel Vinogradov, Jeffrey Williams 

Purpose: Install new nozzle to Elektron hydrogen exhaust; retrieve Kromka 

and Biorisk experiments; relocate ATV antenna cable; replace MBS camera

During the crew’s first of two EVAs, Vinogradov and Williams repaired various experiments on U.S. 

and Russian segments. Wearing Orlan spacesuits, they rerouted the hydrogen vent shared by the 

oxygen generator Elektron and the carbon dioxide eliminator Vozdukh. The Elektron unit divided 

water into oxygen and hydrogen and released the latter through a vent and into space. By installing a 

valve nozzle to the hydrogen exhaust, the spacewalkers minimized the buildup in the vent created by 

the hydrogen. Vinogradov then retrieved samples from the Kromka experiment, and then relocated the 
The Chronology // 2006 69

ATV antenna cable to improve system performance. Meanwhile, Williams removed a Biorisk experiment canister and another contamination experimental device. Their final completed task to replace a 

faulty camera on the MBS required the spacewalkers to extend the maximum EVA time.2

4 July STS-121/Discovery launch

8 JULY 

2006 EVA 3

World EVA 249

U.S. EVA 152

Shuttle EVA 89

Duration: 7:31 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-121

Crew: Steven Lindsey, Mark Kelly, Stephanie Wilson, Michael Fossum, Piers 

Sellers, Lisa Nowak, Thomas Reiter (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Piers Sellers, Michael Fossum

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Install blade blocker to umbilical

system cables; reroute cables through Interface Umbilical Assembly and 

protect cables; evaluate the use of Canadarm2 and Orbital Boom Sensor 

System as an EVA work platform

A function of the S0 truss’s Trailing Umbilical System is to sever certain cables; however, that component inadvertently cut its own power and data cables. To protect undamaged electrical lines, Michael 

Fossum and Piers Sellers installed a blade blocker and rerouted the cables through the Interface Umbilical 

Assembly. The cable reconfiguration resulted in the replacement of the Trailing Umbilical System with 

the Mobile Transporter. The spacewalkers then tested the simultaneous use of the Canadarm2 and 

50-foot-long (15-meter) Orbital Boom Sensor System, which together served as an EVA work platform 

for thermal protection repairs on the Shuttle and for accessing difficult areas on the Station.3

10 JULY

2006 EVA 4

World EVA 250

U.S. EVA 153

Shuttle EVA 90

Duration: 6:47

Spacecraft/mission: STS-121

Crew: Steven Lindsey, Mark Kelly, Stephanie Wilson, Michael Fossum, Piers 

Sellers, Lisa Nowak, Thomas Reiter (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Piers Sellers, Michael Fossum

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Restore Mobile Transporter to

full operation; replace Interface Umbilical Assembly

2. “International Space Station: Station Crew Winds up Successful Spacewalk,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 22 Marc

2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition13/eva1.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–

2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 7

3. “Mission Archives: STS-121,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 20 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-121.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 76
70 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

After the rerouting of the Mobile Transporter cable during the previous EVA, Fossum and Sellers 

restored the Canadarm2 railcar to full operation. The astronauts also installed a new Interface 

Umbilical Assembly that, unlike its predecessor, did not include a blade. During the excursion, Seller 

secured Fossum’s SAFER latches that unexpectedly loosened.4

12 JULY

2006 EVA 5

World EVA 251

U.S. EVA 154

Shuttle EVA 91

Duration: 7:11

Spacecraft/mission: STS-121

Crew: Steven Lindsey, Mark Kelly, Stephanie Wilson, Michael Fossum, Piers 

Sellers, Lisa Nowak, Thomas Reiter (European Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Piers Sellers, Michael Fossum,

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Test and photograph NonOxide Adhesive eXperiment (NOAX) repairs on sample tiles; photograph

Discovery’s port wing; relocate grapple from integrated cargo carrier to S1 

truss’s ammonia tank

The primary objective of the last STS-121 spacewalk was testing repairs on the Thermal Protection 

System Reinforced Carbon-Carbon panels. Fossum and Sellers tested NOAX, a pre-ceramic sealant 

combined with silicon carbide powder, on two cracks and three gouge repairs. Piers inadvertently lost 

one of the NOAX spatulas used in the repair demonstration. They photographed the repaired tiles and 

Discovery’s port wing. Additionally, the spacewalkers had enough time to transfer a fixed grapple from 

Discovery’s payload bay to the S1 truss’s ammonia tank. The extra task assisted the transfer of the tank 

during a future excursion.5

17 July STS-121/Discovery landing

3 AUGUST

2006 EVA 6

World EVA 252

ESA EVA 5 /U.S. EVA 155

Space Station EVA 131

ISS EVA 26

Duration: 5:54

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 13

Crew: Pavel Vinogradov (Russian Space Agency), Jeffrey Williams (NASA), 

Thomas Reiter (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Jeffrey Williams, Thomas Reiter

Purpose: Install Floating Potential Measurement Unit; install third and fourth 

MISSE; install three SPDs; install two jumpers on S1 truss; replace S1 

computer; test infrared camera

4. Ib

5. “Mission Archives: STS-121,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 20 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-121.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 76
The Chronology // 2006 71

With the subsequent arrival of European astronaut Thomas Reiter, the ISS housed a three-man crew for 

the first time since the Columbia accident. Experienced spacewalker Vinogradov aided Williams and 

Reiter through the preparatory EVA procedures. Astronaut Stephen Bowen in Houston Mission Control 

coached the spacewalkers as they installed the Floating Potential Measurement Unit (FPMU), a tool that 

gauged the Station’s electrical potential. Afterward, they installed the third and fourth MISSE containers. The spacewalkers then individually assumed separate assignments. Williams installed a controller 

to the S1 truss’s rotary joint while Reiter replaced an S1 computer. Still on the truss, Williams installed 

an SPD and starboard jumper to improve the flow of ammonia. Reiter installed two more SPDs: one 

on the radiator beam module and the other by the new port jumper. Next, the spacewalkers worked 

together and tested an infrared camera, designed to locate thermal protection damage. Furthermore, 

Williams completed two supplementary tasks: install a light on the CETA cart and replace a faulty GPS 

antenna. Meanwhile, Reiter assembled a vacuum system valve on the Destiny lab for future studies. To 

efficiently maximize the time remaining, Mission Control assigned the spacewalkers additional tasks. 

The pair relocated two portable foot restraints, photographed a scratch on the airlock, and retrieved a 

ball stack restraint that connected PMA-1 hardware to the Station.6

9 September STS-115/Atlantis launch

12 SEPTEMBER

2006 EVA 7

World EVA 253

U.S. EVA 156

Shuttle EVA 92

Duration: 6:26

Spacecraft/mission: STS-115

Crew: Brent Jett, Jr.; Christopher Ferguson; Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper;

Joseph Tanner; Daniel Burbank; Steven MacLean (Canadian Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Joseph Tanner, Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Connect P3 and P4 power cables;

remove launch restraints on solar array components

The night prior to the first STS-115 spacewalk, Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper and Joseph Tanner slept 

in the Quest Airlock as part of the prebreathe protocol to eliminate nitrogen in their bloodstreams 

and mitigate the possibility of Decompression Sickness. The campouts in the Quest airlock shortened 

the preparatory EVA procedures the next day. The objectives of the three STS-115 spacewalks were to 

deploy solar arrays and radiators and install the P3 and P4 trusses. Stefanyshyn-Piper and Tanner first 

coupled the trusses’ umbilical power cables. Then, they shifted their focus to the solar array assembly. 

The pair detached the launch restraints on the new solar array blanket box, the beta gimbal assembly, 

and the solar array wings. To prepare for the STS-116 mission, Stefanyshyn-Piper and Tanner removed 

6. “International Space Station: Station Crewman Back Inside After Spacewalk,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 22 Marc

2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition13/exp13_eva_08_03_2006.html); Praxis Manned 

Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer, 2007, p. 7
72 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

two circuit interrupt devices. Ahead of schedule, they worked on the following day’s spacewalk and 

began to set up the Solar Alpha Rotary Joint (SARJ), a component of the arrays that tracked the Sun.7

13 SEPTEMBER 

2006 EVA 8

World EVA 254

Canadian EVA 3/

U.S. EVA 157

Shuttle EVA 93

Duration: 7:11

Spacecraft/mission: STS-115

Crew: Brent Jett, Jr.; Christopher Ferguson; Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper;

Joseph Tanner; Daniel Burbank; Steven MacLean (Canadian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Daniel Burbank, Steven MacLean

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Release launch restraints from

the SARJ

Together, Steven MacLean and Daniel Burbank completed their first spacewalk ever. The excursion 

also marked the third Canadian EVA. Though they successfully completed their primary task and 

unlocked the SARJ, the pair faced many minor problems: a malfunctioning helmet, a broken socket 

tool, a jammed bolt that required effort from both astronauts, and another bolt loosened by the device 

constructed to secure it.8

15 SEPTEMBER

2006 EVA 9

World EVA 255

U.S. EVA 158

Shuttle EVA 94

Duration: 6:42

Spacecraft/mission: STS-115

Crew: Brent Jett, Jr.; Christopher Ferguson; Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper;

Joseph Tanner; Daniel Burbank; Steven MacLean (Canadian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Joseph Tanner, Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Power cooling radiator for solar

arrays; replace S-band antenna

Stefanyshyn-Piper and Tanner activated the solar arrays’ cooling radiator for the first time and replaced 

an S-band radio antenna that provided standby communication between the ISS and ground control. Furthermore, they completed tasks scheduled for future EVAs; they installed a protective insulation around another communication device and tested an infrared camera by photographing the 

Shuttle’s wings.9

7. “Mission Archives: STS-115,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 21 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-115.html); Praxis Manned Spaceflight Log: 1961–2006, Tim Furniss and David J. Shayler, Springer,

2007, p. 77

8. Ib

9. Ib
The Chronology // 2006 73

17 September Soyuz-TMA 9/ISS Expedition 14 launch

21 September STS-115/Atlantis landing

28 September Soyuz-TMA 8/ISS Expedition 13 landing

22 NOVEMBER 

2006 EVA 10

World EVA 256

Russian EVA 119/

U.S. EVA 159

Space Station EVA 132

ISS EVA 27

Duration: 5:38

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 14

Crew: Michael Lopez-Alegria (NASA), Mikhail Tyurin (Russian Space 

Agency), Thomas Reiter (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Michael Tyurin, Michael Lopez-Alegria

Purpose: Commercial space task of hitting a golf ball; stow Kurs antenna; 

relocate ATV antenna; install BTN-Neutron-Radiation-ISS experiment

Mikhail Tyurin was designated the lead spacewalker during the first of five Expedition 14 EVAs. As 

a commercial space marketing venture, a Canadian golf company funded the spacewalkers’ first chief 

assignment, to golf in space. Michael Lopez-Alegria positioned the tee and secured Tyurin’s feet, as 

the latter volleyed a ball into orbit with a one-hand shot. Unlike a standard 1.62-ounce (45.92-gram) 

golf ball, it weighed only a tenth of an ounce (2.83 grams). The pair then inspected the Kurs antenna, 

which refused to retract into the Progress 23 vehicle as it docked on 26 October. Both the spacewalkers 

and the Russian flight controllers could not stow the stubborn antenna and therefore abandoned the 

task. Lopez-Alegria and Tyurin then relocated a WAL antenna because it obstructed a Zvezda booster 

engine. The WAL antenna is designed to guide ATVs during dockings. The spacewalkers also installed 

the BTN-Neutron-Radiation-ISS experiment, which measures the effect of solar flares on the Station’s 

exterior. They deferred the final task, an inspection of bolts on a Strela crane.10

9 December STS-116/Discovery launch

10.“International Space Station: Spacewalkers Tee Off on Science, Mechanics,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 22 March

2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition14/exp14_eva_112206.html)
74 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

12 DECEMBER 

2006 EVA 11

World EVA 257

ESA EVA 6/U.S. EVA 160

Shuttle EVA 95

Duration: 6:36

Spacecraft/mission: STS-116

Crew: Mark Polansky, William Oefelein, Sunita Williams, Joan Higginbotham, 

Nicholas Patrick, Robert Curbeam, Thomas Reiter (European Space 

Agency), Christer Fuglesang (European Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Robert Curbeam, Christer Fuglesang

Purpose: First of four scheduled EVAs. Remove launch locks from the P5

truss; aid alignment and secure the P5 truss to the P4 truss; relocate radiator 

grapple fixture; replace failed camera on S1 truss

This was the first of a series of four EVAs performed by the Discovery crew. Their primary objectives 

were to install the Port Five (P5) truss and to redirect the Station’s wiring to the permanent power 

grid. On the day before the first EVA, Nicholas Patrick used Discovery’s robotic arm to remove the 

P5 truss from the Shuttle’s payload bay and pass it to ISS’s arm. Curbeam and ESA astronaut Christer 

Fuglesang then aligned the truss, attached it to the end of the P3 and P4 trusses, and plugged it into 

the existing truss structure’s power. Curbeam and Fuglesang then carried out the additional tasks of 

replacing a failed camera that was necessary for future Station assemblies. The pair concluded their 

spacewalk by removing the launch restraints on the P5 truss, as well as opening a latch on the end of 

the truss to attach the Port Six (P6) truss permanently on a later EVA.11

14 DECEMBER

2006 EVA 12

World EVA 258

ESA EVA 7/U.S. EVA 161

Shuttle EVA 96

Duration: 5:00

Spacecraft/mission: STS-116

Crew: Mark Polansky, William Oefelein, Sunita Williams, Joan Higginbotham, 

Nicholas Patrick, Robert Curbeam, Thomas Reiter (European Space 

Agency), Christer Fuglesang (European Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Robert Curbeam, Christer Fuglesang

Purpose: Second of four scheduled EVAs. Reconfigure electrical cables

of power channels 2 and 3 and Z1 patch panel; relocate both CETA carts; 

install insulation on force moment sensors of ISS robotic arm; install four 

bags containing fluid line and pump module servicing equipment

Curbeam and Fuglesang performed the second EVA, which was the first of two intended to rewire 

the Station. Before they swapped the cable connections and began the rewiring process, the pair was 

forced to shut down certain systems such as communication gear, lights, ventilation fans, and backup 

computers. Then, while allowing the remainder of ISS systems to run on power generated from solar 

11.“Mission Archives: STS-116,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-116.html); “STS-116 Delivers Permanent Power,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 March 2014, 

(http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts116/launch/sts116_summary.html)
The Chronology // 2006 75

arrays installed during the STS-115 mission, Curbeam and Fuglesang rewired channels 2 and 3. The 

rewiring took less than 3 hours. By the end of this EVA, the ISS temporarily ran on power generated 

solely from the P4 truss. Furthermore, they already had one of the two external thermal control loops 

diverting excess heat into space, and DC-to-DC converter units regulating voltages throughout ISS. 

By taking far less time than the allotted 6 hours, Fuglesang and Curbeam were also able to reposition 

the two CETA carts on the S0 truss, mount tool bags for future spacewalks, and place a thermal cover 

over the Station’s robotic arm.12

16 DECEMBER

2006 EVA 13

World EVA 259

U.S. EVA 162

Shuttle EVA 97

Duration: 7:31

Spacecraft/mission: STS-116

Crew: Mark Polansky, William Oefelein, Sunita Williams, Joan Higginbotham, 

Nicholas Patrick, Robert Curbeam, Thomas Reiter (European Space 

Agency), Christer Fuglesang (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Robert Curbeam, Sunita Williams

Purpose: Third of four scheduled EVAs. Reconfigure electrical cables

of power channels 1 and 4, Z1 patch panel and Russian power; transfer 

service module MMOD protection panels to PMA-3; install grapple fixture on 

spare flex hose rotary coupler; manually aid retraction of P6 port solar array 

(completion deferred to next EVA)

To complete the rewiring, Curbeam accompanied Williams during the spacewalk. They reconfigured 

channels 1 and 4, which made possible future additions of European or Japanese laboratory modules. 

The astronauts also installed a grapple fixture on the Station’s robotic arm and positioned bundles of 

Russian debris shields to be affixed to Zvezda. Before returning to Discovery, the pair also attempted 

to fix the P6 solar array, which the ISS crew had been unable to retract since the start of the STS-116 

mission. The Station crew suspected that the array was caught on guide wires. Curbeam and Williams 

inspected the solar array and tried to clear any obstructing guide wires or grommets, and they both 

shook the array while the Station crew attempted to reel it in remotely, one bay at a time. Their combined efforts allowed the array to reach 65 percent retraction.13

12.“Mission Archives: STS-116,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-116.html); “STS-116 Delivers Permanent Power,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 March 2014, 

(http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts116/launch/sts116_summary.html)

13.“Mission Archives: STS-116,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-116.html); “STS-116 Delivers Permanent Power,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 March 2014, 

(http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts116/launch/sts116_summary.html)
76 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

18 DECEMBER

2006 EVA 14

World EVA 260

ESA EVA 8/U.S. EVA 163

Shuttle EVA 98

Duration: 6:38

Spacecraft/mission: STS-116

Crew: Mark Polansky, William Oefelein, Sunita Williams, Joan Higginbotham, 

Nicholas Patrick, Robert Curbeam, Thomas Reiter (European Space 

Agency), Christer Fuglesang (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Robert Curbeam, Christer Fuglesang

Purpose: Fourth of four scheduled EVAs. Manually retract P6 port solar

array; inspect P6 starboard solar array; adjust new insulation of SSRMS 

force sensors

Curbeam and Fuglesang performed this impromptu EVA to repair for the final time the troublesome 

P6 solar array. Joan Higginbotham and Williams brought the two spacewalkers into position with the 

Space Station’s robotic arm. Under William Oefelein’s direction, they were eventually able to guide 

the array back into its blanket box completely. Lastly, Fuglesang and Curbeam secured the insulating 

thermal cover that they had placed on the ISS’s robotic arm four days earlier. With Curbeam taking 

part in all four EVAs on the STS-116 mission, he set a new record for most spacewalks performed by 

one person during a single mission.14

22 December STS-116/Discovery landing

14.“Mission Archives: STS-116,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/archives/sts-116.html); “STS-116 Delivers Permanent Power,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 22 March 2014, 

(http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts116/launch/sts116_summary.html)

FIGURE 7. ISS 100th Construction Spacewalk. Expedition 16 Commander Peggy Whitson works to reconnect cables on the 1A Beta Gimbal Assembly (BGA) during EVA 13. (NASA ISS016-E-17499
The Chronology // 2007 77

2007

31 JANUARY

2007 EVA 1

World EVA 261

U.S. EVA 164

Space Station EVA 133

ISS EVA 28

Duration: 7:55 

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 14

Crew: Michael Lopez-Alegria (NASA), Mikhail Tyurin (Russian Space 

Agency), Thomas Reiter (European Space Agency), Sunita Williams (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Michael Lopez-Alegria, Sunita Williams

Purpose: Establish permanent electrical and fluid connection between 

Destiny and Z1 truss; secure and cover P6 truss’s radiator; remove one of 

two ammonia service jumpers; install Space Shuttle Power Transfer System

Spacewalkers Lopez-Alegria and Williams initially tackled separate tasks, and then collaborated on 

the final job. At an area near the Z1 base referred to as the “rats’ nest,” fluid lines ran between Destiny 

and the EAS. Because these cooling lines were deemed unnecessary, Lopez-Alegria was assigned to 

disconnect the cables and establish a permanent connection between the lab and the Z1 panel. He 

only had enough time to remove one of the two cables, which were later jettisoned in the summer. The 

retrieval of the remaining cable was postponed. He then installed the Space Shuttle Power Transfer 

System (SSPTS), a mechanism that conveyed power from the solar arrays to docked Space Shuttles. 

Meanwhile, Williams established a permanent electrical connection between Destiny and the Z1 

truss. The pair then installed two winch bars and six cable cinches to secure the P6 starboard radiator 

and mounted a shroud over it. Upon reentering the Quest Airlock, the spacewalkers spent 25 minutes 

in sunlight in order to bake off any ammonia that may have gotten on their suits as a precaution to 

prevent ammonia contamination in the airlock.1

4 FEBRUARY

2007 EVA 2

World EVA 262

U.S. EVA 165

Space Station EVA 134

ISS EVA 29

Duration: 7:11

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 14

Crew: Michael Lopez-Alegria (NASA), Mikhail Tyurin (Russian Space 

Agency), Thomas Reiter (European Space Agency), Sunita Williams (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Michael Lopez-Alegria, Sunita Williams

Purpose: Establish an electrical and fluid connection between Destiny 

and the Z1 truss; retrieve the second ammonia service jumper; secure and 

stow the P6 truss’s radiator; continue installation of SSPTS; photograph P6 

solar array

1. “International Space Station: Station Crew Members Wind up Successful Spacewalk,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accesse

1 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition14/exp14_eva6.html)
78 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

Astronauts Lopez-Alegria and Williams completed all scheduled tasks and an additional job planned 

for the following EVA. First, the pair returned to the “rats’ nest” and retrieved the second of two 

cooling loops on Destiny. The first was removed during the previous spacewalk. They then installed 

the second set of two winch bars and six cable cinches. Lopez-Alegria and Williams mounted the 

first set during the previous EVA. In addition, by rewiring the Destiny lab, the astronauts finalized 

work with the EAS. With the permanent cooling system fully functioning, the early servicer only 

functioned as an emergency ammonia supply. Furthermore, the pair photographed the P6 solar wing, 

relocated spacewalk tools and equipment to the front of the Destiny lab, and continued rerouting the 

SSPTS cables. Time permitted the team to remove a thermal shade from a data transmitter called the 

multiplexer-demultiplexer.2

8 FEBRUARY

2007 EVA 3

World EVA 263

U.S. EVA 166

Space Station EVA 135

ISS EVA 30

Duration: 6:40

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 14

Crew: Michael Lopez-Alegria (NASA), Mikhail Tyurin (Russian Space 

Agency), Thomas Reiter (European Space Agency), Sunita Williams (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Michael Lopez-Alegria, Sunita Williams

Purpose: Remove and jettison two thermal shrouds on Rotary Joint Motor 

Controllers; remove and jettison two thermal shrouds from P6 truss; deploy 

Unpressurized Cargo Carrier Attachment System; remove launch locks off 

P5 truss; connect four cables between PMA-2 and SSPTS

During the last of three EVAs from the Quest Airlock, Lopez-Alegria and Williams completed all 

scheduled tasks and an additional assignment for a future EVA. They first used the CETA carts to 

transfer equipment to the P3 truss, and then detached two thermal shrouds from the Rotary Joint 

Motor Controllers and jettisoned them into space. They remained in the P6 truss worksite and 

detached two large thermal shades from bays 18 and 20. With the orientation of the Station, too much 

heat would be trapped under the shrouds. The spacewalkers compressed both shades into the size of 

an outdoor garbage can and jettisoned them. Next, Lopez-Alegria deployed an Unpressurized Cargo 

Carrier Attachment System (UCCAS) on the P3 truss, to prepare for the scheduled attachment of a 

cargo carrier. Meanwhile, Williams prepared for the attachment of the P6 truss by detaching the two 

remaining launch locks off the P5 truss. The spacewalkers then collaborated on the final task and connected four cables between the PMA-2 and the SSPTS. The latter transferred energy from the Station 

to docked Shuttles, allowing the visiting vehicles to stay longer. Additionally, Lopez-Alegria was able 

to photograph communication cables between the Station and the Shuttle. This EVA finalized the 

record-breaking use of the Quest Airlock. The crew exited the hatch for three spacewalks, the most 

by any crew thus far. This was Lopez-Alegria’s 10th EVA, making him the record holder for most 

2. “International Space Station: Crew Completes Scheduled Spacewalk Tasks, and More,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accesse

1 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition14/exp14_eva7.html)
The Chronology // 2007 79

EVAs by an American. Furthermore, with four excursions, Williams became the most experienced 

female spacewalker.3

22 FEBRUARY

2007 EVA 4

World EVA 264

Russian EVA 120/

U.S. EVA 167

Space Station EVA 136

ISS EVA 131

Duration: 6:18

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 14

Crew: Michael Lopez-Alegria (NASA), Mikhail Tyurin (Russian Space 

Agency), Thomas Reiter (European Space Agency), Sunita Williams (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Mikhail Tyurin, Michael Lopez-Alegria

Purpose: Retract faulty Russian satellite navigational antenna; adjust ATV 

antenna; replace German experiment materials; photograph ATV reflectors 

and numerous experiments; attach two foot restraints outside Pirs airlock

Early in the final EVA, a faulty cooling system in Tyurin’s suit caused his visor to fog up. The spacewalkers, however, continued investigating a malfunctioning navigational antenna on a Progress vehicle. The antenna, designed to guide the cargo carrier during docking, refused to withdraw during the 

26 October 2006, docking. Tyurin and Lopez-Alegria unsuccessfully attempted to release the jammed 

antenna with a punch and hammer. They then severed the antenna’s supportive struts and partially 

retracted the antenna. Wire ties secured the protruding parts. Also, the pair assessed and photographed 

an ATV antenna, a German experiment, various hardware connectors, and retention devices. They 

then bolted hinges on the Strela crane and, finally, mounted two foot restraints on the ladder by Pirs.4

7 April Soyuz-TMA 10/ISS Expedition 15 launch

21 April Soyuz-TMA 9/ISS Expedition 14 landing

30 MAY

2007 EVA 5

World EVA 265

Russian EVA 121

Space Station EVA 137

ISS EVA 32

Duration: 5:25

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 15

Crew: Fyodor Yurchikhin, Oleg Kotov, Clayton Anderson (NASA), Sunita 

Williams (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Fyodor Yurchikhin, Oleg Kotov

Purpose: Transfer MMOD panels from PMA-3 to SM; install five panels and 

ATV GPS antenna cable

3. “International Space Station: Spacewalkers Successfully Wrap Up Record Series,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 1 Apri

2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition14/exp14_eva8.html)

4. “International Space Station: Spacewalkers Successfully Retract Progress Antenna,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accesse

10 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition14/exp14_eva17.html)
80 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kotov embarked on their first of two spacewalks aimed at armoring 

Zvezda with Service Module Debris Protection (SMDP). The cosmonauts exited the station through 

the Pirs airlock and split up. Kotov went to PMA-3 and Yurchikhin headed to the Strela 2 on Pirs. 

Kotov guided Yurchikhin to maneuver the crane to the SMDP stowage rack located on PMA-3. The 

rack contained 17 SMDP panels in total and was nicknamed the “Christmas Tree.” Kotov attached 

the Christmas Tree to Strela 2 and Yurchikhin moved the Tree and Kotov back to a grapple fixture on 

Zvezda. Yurchikhin then joined Kotov on Zvezda’s large diameter to reroute a GPS cable to be used 

with the European ATV scheduled for launch later in the year. The duo turned their attention back 

to the Christmas Tree and opened one bundle of five debris panels, which they affixed to the conical 

section between Zvezda’s large and small diameters.5

6 JUNE

2007 EVA 6

World EVA 266

Russian EVA 122

Space Station EVA 138

ISS EVA 33

Duration: 5:37

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 15

Crew: Fyodor Yurchikhin, Oleg Kotov, Clayton Anderson (NASA), Sunita 

Williams (NASA) 

Spacewalkers: Fyodor Yurchikhin, Oleg Kotov

Purpose: Install SM-FGB cable for local area network (LAN) and Biorisk 

science experiment; install 12 remaining MMOD shields on SM

Kotov and Yurchikhin installed a Russian scientific experiment on the outside of Pirs. Known as 

Biorisk, it analyzed how microorganisms affect structural materials in space. They then ran a reel of 

Ethernet cable along Zarya. It was the first of two strands of cable to be installed, and together, they 

were intended to increase the station’s computing power. The two cosmonauts then returned to the 

Christmas Tree to gather the remaining 12 SMDP panels and secured them around Zvezda where they 

had attached five panels on 30 May.6

8 June STS-117/Atlantis launch

5. “Spacewalk Complete, Debris Panels Installed,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 27 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition15/exp15_eva18.html)

6. “Cosmonauts Wrap up Debris-Panel Spacewalk,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 27 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition15/exp15_eva19.html)
The Chronology // 2007 81

11 JUNE

2007 EVA 7

World EVA 267

U.S. EVA 168

Shuttle EVA 99

Duration: 6:15 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-117

Crew: Frederick Sturckow, Lee Archambault, Patrick Forrester, Danny 

Olivas, Clayton Anderson, James Reilly, Steven Swanson

Spacewalkers: James Reilly, Danny Olivas

Purpose: First of four scheduled EVAs. Connect electrical lines between

Starboard Three (S3) and Starboard Four (S4) trusses to S1; release 

launch restraints

Prior to the start of the spacewalk, the STS-117 crew remotely transferred the 17.8-ton S3 and S4 

trusses to the worksite. The heavy asymmetrical weight of the trusses caused the CMGs to go offline, 

and consequently the Station temporarily lost attitude. The crew’s first EVA was delayed an hour by 

the expected loss. After reactivating the CMGs and increasing the attitude, James Reilly and Danny 

Olivas began the spacewalk. They focused on mounting the trusses and connecting electrical lines 

between the S1 truss and the two new trusses. The duo also removed six launch locks and prepared for 

the deployment of the S4 truss for the following excursion.7

13 JUNE 

2007 EVA 8

World EVA 268

U.S. EVA 169

Shuttle EVA 100

Duration: 7:16

Spacecraft/mission: STS-117

Crew: Frederick Sturckow, Lee Archambault, Patrick Forrester, Danny 

Olivas, Clayton Anderson, James Reilly, Steven Swanson

Spacewalkers: Patrick Forrester, Steven Swanson

Purpose: Second of four scheduled EVAs. Retract bays of P6 solar array to

permit alpha joint rotation; remove launch locks; deploy braces and engage 

drive lock of S3 solar array alpha joint

With the unfurling of the solar array now attached to ISS’s S3 and S4 trusses, Steven Swanson and 

Patrick Forrester were able to remove launch locks holding the array’s Solar Alpha Rotary Joint in 

place. Swanson and Forrester then attempted to install a new drive-lock assembly into the Station. 

They could not carry out the installation successfully because flight controllers determined that commands they were trying to send to the drive-lock assembly were actually being received by an existing 

drive-lock assembly. Once flight controllers determined that the previously installed drive-lock assembly was still in a safe configuration, the two spacewalkers concluded their EVA by retracting one of the 

Station’s older solar arrays to make room for the new one.8

7. “STS-117: 21st Space Station Flight,” John F. Kennedy Space Center, accessed 29 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.g

pdf/177714main_STS-117.pdf)

8. Ib
82 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

15 JUNE

2007 EVA 9

World EVA 269

U.S. EVA 170

Shuttle EVA 101

Duration: 7:58

Spacecraft/mission: STS-117

Crew: Frederick Sturckow, Lee Archambault, Patrick Forrester, Danny 

Olivas, Clayton Anderson, James Reilly, Steven Swanson

Spacewalkers: James Reilly, Danny Olivas

Purpose: Third of four scheduled EVAs. Install vent valve on Lab for U.S.

generator; secure loose thermal blanket on Shuttle’s Orbital Maneuvering 

System (OMS); complete retraction of P6 solar array

Olivas was forced to begin the mission’s third EVA by performing an impromptu repair on Atlantis’s 

Orbital Maneuvering System pod. He reattached with staples and pins a 4 by 6 inch portion of its thermal blanket that peeled away during the Shuttle’s launch. Reilly then installed an external hydrogen 

vent valve, delivered by Atlantis, onto Destiny. The vent is a component of the future oxygen generation 

system. Upon the completion of both astronauts’ tasks, the duo helped to retract the Station’s P6 solar 

array. Reilly and Olivas entered 28 commands in addition to the previously entered 17 to complete 

the retraction.9

17 JUNE 

2007 EVA 10

World EVA 270

U.S. EVA 171

Shuttle EVA 102

Duration: 6:29

Spacecraft/mission: STS-117

Crew: Frederick Sturckow, Lee Archambault, Patrick Forrester, Danny 

Olivas, Clayton Anderson, James Reilly, Steven Swanson

Spacewalkers: Patrick Forrester, Steven Swanson

Purpose: Fourth of four scheduled EVAs. Open H vent for new O2

generator; install video camera stand; verify drive lock configuration; remove 

additional restraints on the S3 solar array alpha joint; stow S3 drag link and 

keel pin; clear MT path; install LAN cable on Unity node

Swanson and Forrester retrieved a video camera from a stowage compartment located on Quest and 

installed it alongside the S3 truss. They then returned to the second drive-lock assembly that they 

installed four days earlier to ensure that it was indeed working under the correct configuration. Once 

verified, they removed the remainder of the launch locks holding down the SARJ. With the SARJ now 

able to rotate S3 freely, the spacewalkers cleared a path along S3 for the Mobile Base System (MBS). 

With the work moving ahead of schedule, Swanson and Forrester also performed the get-ahead task. 

They installed a LAN cable on the Unity node. They also opened the vent valve, which Reilly had 

installed on the mission’s previous EVA, and attached two orbital debris shield panels on ISS’s service 

9. Ib
The Chronology // 2007 83

module. They were successful in the attachment of the shield panels, but they were forced to use tethered hooks in place of some of the original MMOD shield fasteners.10

22 June STS-117/Atlantis landing 

23 JULY 

2007 EVA 11

World EVA 271

Russian EVA 123/

U.S. EVA 172

Space Station EVA 139

ISS EVA 34

Duration: 7:41

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 15

Crew: Fyodor Yurchikhin, Oleg Kotov, Clayton Anderson (NASA), Sunita 

Williams (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Clayton Anderson, Fyodor Yurchikhin

Purpose: Install TV camera stanchion at S0-P1; reconfigure S-Band 

Antenna Assembly power supply; install foot restraint on Canadarm2; 

disconnect and jettison EAS and Flight Releasable Attachment Mechanism; 

clean CBM

Exiting the ISS from the Quest airlock, Clayton Anderson and Yurchikhin installed a TV camera 

stanchion on the S0-P1 truss. Anderson then reconfigured an S-Band Antenna Assembly power supply 

and mounted a foot restraint on the Canadarm2. Meanwhile, Yurchikhin replaced a circuit breaker for 

the main truss’s Mobile Transporter rail car. Afterward, Yurchikhin and Anderson reconvened at the 

S0-P1 truss to remove some flight support equipment and a Flight Releasable Attachment Mechanism. 

Anderson, while attached to the newly installed foot restraint on Canadarm2, jettisoned them, and 

Yurchikhin moved to Z1 where he began to disconnect the EAS. Both spacewalkers proceeded to the 

P6 truss to undo EAS’s remaining connections to the Station. Once finished, Anderson grabbed the 

EAS and Kotov maneuvered him and the arm to the bottom of the main truss to jettison the unit by 

pushing it in the opposite direction of the Station’s orbital path. After the jettison, Yurchikhin and 

Anderson cleaned the CBM to prepare for the future relocation of the PMA-3 to that location, which 

itself was in preparation for the addition of the Harmony node. Ahead of schedule, the pair was also 

able to move an auxiliary equipment bag from P6 to Z1 and remove a GPS antenna and some bolts on 

two fluid trays on the S0 truss.11

8 August STS-118/Endeavour launch

10.Ibi

11.“Station Crew Winds Up Ammonia Reservoir Jettison Spacewalk,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 6 April 2014, (http://www

nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition15/e15_eva_072307.html)
84 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

11 AUGUST

2007 EVA 12

World EVA 272

Canadian EVA 4/

U.S. EVA 173

Shuttle EVA 103

Duration: 6:17

Spacecraft/mission: STS-118

Crew: Scott Kelly, Charles Hobaugh, Barbara Morgan, Rick Mastracchio, 

Tracy Caldwell, Alvin Drew, Dave Williams (Canadian Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Rick Mastracchio, Dave Williams

Purpose: First of four scheduled EVAs. Install Starboard Five (S5) truss and

connect S4 and S5 electrical lines; relocate radiator grapple fixture on S5; 

remove S5 and S6 launch locks on S5 and open the S5 and S6 capture 

latch; secure the auto retracted P6 radiator

On STS-118’s first EVA, the crew focused on work on the solar arrays. From within the Station, 

Charles Hobaugh and Clayton Anderson moved the S5 spacer into position to be attached to the ISS. 

Meanwhile, spacewalkers Rick Mastracchio and Dave Williams provided guidance from outside the 

ISS. Once in position, Mastracchio and Williams permanently attached S5 with its automatic latches 

and by securing its primary structural bolts to the Station. They then retracted the forward heat-rejecting radiator on P6 so that the truss could be moved during a later Shuttle mission. Having completed 

these tasks ahead of schedule, the spacewalkers removed the launch locks from S5 and S6 and opened 

both of their capture latches as well to make future jobs run more smoothly.12

13 AUGUST 

2007 EVA 13

World EVA 273

Canadian EVA 5/

U.S. EVA 174

Shuttle EVA 104

Duration: 6:28

Spacecraft/mission: STS-118

Crew: Scott Kelly, Charles Hobaugh, Barbara Morgan, Rick Mastracchio, 

Tracy Caldwell, Alvin Drew, Dave Williams (Canadian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Rick Mastracchio, Dave Williams 

Purpose: Second of four scheduled EVAs. Replace failed CMG 3 and

stow the failed unit on pallet outside ISS airlock for return on future Shuttle 

mission; photograph MISSE 3 and 4 experiments

With the aid of the crew operating Canadarm2 and Endeavour’s robotic arm, Mastracchio and 

Williams replaced one of the Station’s gyroscopes. The failed CMG had been out of operation since 

October of 2006. Mastracchio and Williams installed the 600-pound (272.16-kilogram) replacement 

unit on the Z1 segment of ISS’s truss. They carried the failed unit to a stowage compartment on the 

exterior of the Space Station. It was to be returned to Earth on a later mission.13

12.“STATUS REPORT: STS-118-06,” Amiko Nevills, editor, accessed 7 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/sts118/news/STS-118-07.html); “STS-118: 22nd Space Station Flight,” John F. Kennedy Space Center,

accessed 7 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/182309main_STS-118W.pdf)

13.“STATUS REPORT: STS-118-11,” Amiko Nevills, accessed 7 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/sts118/news/STS-118-11.html); “STS-118: 22nd Space Station Flight,” John F. Kennedy Space Center,

accessed 7 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/182309main_STS-118W.pdf)
The Chronology // 2007 85

15 AUGUST

2007 EVA 14

World EVA 274

U.S. EVA 175

Shuttle EVA 105

Duration: 5:28

Spacecraft/mission: STS-118

Crew: Scott Kelly, Charles Hobaugh, Barbara Morgan, Rick Mastracchio, 

Tracy Caldwell, Alvin Drew, Dave Williams (Canadian Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Rick Mastracchio, Clayton Anderson (ISS Expedition 15 

crew member)

Purpose: Third of four scheduled EVAs. Relocate the S-band antenna from

P6 to P; install new signal processor and transponder on P1; retrieve P6 

transponder; relocate CETA carts

STS-118’s third EVA began at 9:38 a.m. with Anderson and Mastracchio moving the S-band antenna 

sub-assembly from P6 to P1. During the spacewalk, the duo also monitored ISS’s robotic arm as 

Hobaugh and Kotov used it to move two CETA carts. Moving the carts would allow for relocation of the solar array segment to its permanent location during the STS-120 mission. At 1:45 p.m., 

Mastracchio noticed that his glove had a hole in its second of five layers. The hole caused no leakage 

and ultimately brought no harm to Mastracchio but he nonetheless entered the Quest Airlock as a 

precaution. Anderson continued working and was able to complete their task of installing a new transponder on P1 and retrieving P6’s transponder. The spacewalkers were originally scheduled to retrieve 

MISSE 3 and 4, but Mastracchio’s early return to the airlock forced them to postpone its retrieval to 

the mission’s next EVA.14

18 AUGUST

2007 EVA 15

World EVA 275

Canadian EVA 6/

U.S. EVA 176

Shuttle EVA 106

Duration: 5:02

Spacecraft/mission: STS-118

Crew: Scott Kelly, Charles Hobaugh, Barbara Morgan, Rick Mastracchio, 

Tracy Caldwell, Alvin Drew, Dave Williams (Canadian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Dave Williams, Clayton Anderson (ISS Expedition 15 

crew member)

Purpose: Fourth of four scheduled EVAs. Install orbiter inspection boom

restraints on S1; engage S-band antenna gimbal locks on Z1; retrieve MISSE 

3 and 4; install antennas for external wireless sensors on lab

Anderson and Williams completed the final EVA of the mission by installing the external wireless 

instrumentation system antenna and attaching a stand on the Shuttle to hold up its robotic arm’s extension boom. The two astronauts also were able to retrieve the two MISSE containers. Originally, they 

were scheduled to clean up and secure debris shields to ISS and move a toolbox to a more centralized 

14.“STATUS REPORT: STS-118-11,” Amiko Nevills, editor, accessed 7 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/sts118/news/STS-118-15.html); “STS-118: 22nd Space Station Flight,” John F. Kennedy Space Center,

accessed 7 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/182309main_STS-118W.pdf)
86 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

location on the Station, but these tasks were delayed to a later mission to allow them to close the airlock 

hatch a day earlier.15

21 August STS-118/Endeavour landing

10 October Soyuz-TMA 11/ISS Expedition 16 launch

21 October Soyuz-TMA 10/ISS Expedition 15 landing

23 October STS-120/Discovery launch

26 OCTOBER

2007 EVA 16

World EVA 276

U.S. EVA 177

Shuttle EVA 107

Duration: 6:14

Spacecraft/mission: STS-120

Crew: Pamela Melroy, George Zamka, Scott Parazynski, Douglas Wheelock, 

Stephanie Wilson, Daniel Tani (began tour on ISS), Clayton Anderson 

(returned to Earth), Paolo Nespoli (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Scott Parazynski, Douglas Wheelock

Purpose: First of four scheduled EVAs. Stow failed S-band antenna;

release Node 2 Harmony launch power cable; fasten Harmony grapple 

fixture; secure Harmony window cover that opened during launch; detach 

connections between Z1 and P6 trusses

Discovery’s docking on the ISS marked the first engagement between two spacecraft commanded 

by women: Pamela Melroy and Peggy Whitson. During the crew’s first of four missions, Parazynski 

and Wheelock retrieved a failed Station antenna and stowed it in Discovery. They also prepared for 

the relocation of the P6 truss by disconnecting fluid lines between the P6 and the Z1 trusses. The 

astronauts mainly focused on preparations to install the 31,500-pound (14,288.4-kilogram) Harmony 

node, which is also known as “Node 2.” The pair released Harmony’s launch power cables and temporarily secured a grapple fixture, as well as the window cover that unexpectedly opened during launch. 

Parazynski and Wheelock then attached the node to its temporary location until more preparations 

were later completed. Though it was built in Turin, Italy, by Thales Alenia Space, Harmony became 

the United States’s fourth ISS module when it joined Destiny, Quest, and Unity. The new addition 

acted as a pressurized module, connecting cargo spacecrafts and the laboratories. Harmony circulates 

energy from the trusses to the United States’s Destiny lab, ESA’s Columbus lab, and Japan’s Kibo lab. 

Furthermore, Harmony’s exterior functions as a work platform for Canadarm2.16

15.“STATUS REPORT: STS-118-21,” Amiko Nevills, editor, accessed 7 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/sts118/news/STS-118-21.html); “STS-118: 22nd Space Station Flight,” John F. Kennedy Space Center,

accessed 7 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/182309main_STS-118W.pdf)

16.“Harmony,” Jerry Wright, editor, accessed 20 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements

node2.html#.U7Nc5bHvaJs); “STS-120 (23rd Space Station Flight): Discovery,” John F. Kennedy Space Center, accessed 2

April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/216375main_STS-120.pdf)
The Chronology // 2007 87

28 OCTOBER

2007 EVA 17

World EVA 277

U.S. EVA 178

Shuttle EVA 108

Duration: 6:33

Spacecraft/mission: STS-120

Crew: Pamela Melroy, George Zamka, Scott Parazynski, Douglas Wheelock, 

Stephanie Wilson, Daniel Tani, Clayton Anderson (returned to Earth), Paolo 

Nespoli (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Scott Parazynski, Daniel Tani

Purpose: Second of four scheduled EVAs. Detach P6 umbilical cords and

bolts; install Harmony EVA aids; remove Harmony berthing pins; inspect 

Solar Array Alpha Joint and collect metallic debris sample; configure S1 

radiator release

Parazynski and Daniel Tani further prepared for the relocation of the P6 truss by disconnecting 

umbilical cables and attachments bolts to the Z1 truss. Tani then examined the SARJ, a device that 

rotates the solar arrays. The joint experienced increased vibrations and power usage. The spacewalkers 

discovered metallic debris under its insulation covers. Use of the SARJ was limited until samples of 

the debris were further studied. Parazynski and Tani then finalized the installation of Harmony. They 

installed the module’s grappling fixture, handrails, and foot restraint sockets. The pair also removed 

Harmony’s berthing mechanism pins, though they lost one. They finalized the spacewalk with the 

reconfiguration of the S1 truss connectors, allowing the truss’s radiator to be controlled from the 

ground in the future.17

30 OCTOBER

2007 EVA 18

World EVA 278

U.S. EVA 179

Shuttle EVA 109

Duration: 7:08

Spacecraft/mission: STS-120

Crew: Pamela Melroy, George Zamka, Scott Parazynski, Douglas Wheelock, 

Stephanie Wilson, Daniel Tani, Clayton Anderson (returned to Earth), Paolo 

Nespoli (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Scott Parazynski, Douglas Wheelock

Purpose: Third of four scheduled EVAs. Inspect Solar Array Alpha Joint;

install P6 truss

Parazynski and Wheelock finalized the installation of the P6 truss by connecting four cables and four 

bolts between P6 and P5. They also removed the P6 truss’s thermal blanket and its radiator restraints. 

Parazynski then examined the SARJ and did not identify any new metallic debris by the vents. At 

the conclusion of the EVA, the astronauts attempted to deploy the new truss’s solar arrays. However, 

due to a tear, it only deployed 80 percent. The opening and use of the solar arrays were ceased until 

17.“Space Shuttle Mission Summary,” Robert D. Legler, Floyd V. Bennett,” accessed 20 April 2014, (http://www.jsc.nasa.g

history/reference/TM-2011-216142.pdf); “STS-120 (23rd Space Station Flight): Discovery,” John F. Kennedy Space Center,

accessed 20 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/216375main_STS-120.pdf)
88 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

the tear was investigated further. Upon reentering the airlock, Wheelock identified a puncture in his 

right glove. After the EVA, the glove was retired due to thermal micrometeoroid garment damage. The 

astronauts also later realized they forgot a camera outside.18

3 NOVEMBER

2007 EVA 19

World EVA 279

U.S. EVA 180

Shuttle EVA 110

Duration: 7:19 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-120

Crew: Pamela Melroy, George Zamka, Scott Parazynski, Douglas Wheelock, 

Stephanie Wilson, Daniel Tani, Clayton Anderson (returned to Earth), Paolo 

Nespoli (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Scott Parazynski, Douglas Wheelock

Purpose: Fourth of four scheduled EVAs. Inspect and repair damaged P6

solar array; install five reinforcements to P6 truss; retrieve two foot restraints 

with sharp edges; retrieve camera left out during previous EVA

The crew’s last spacewalk focused on repairing a tear in the newly installed P6 solar array. Parazynski 

and Wheelock rode the Canadarm2 to the array and examined the tear. Parazynski cut frayed hinges 

and wires. He then installed five stabilizers, which were made in the Station and resembled cufflinks, 

to strengthen the stability of the damaged panel hinges. The pair also retrieved the two foot restraints 

with sharp edges, which they suspected caused the spacesuit glove damage. The repairs were approved 

and ground controllers completed the successful deployment of the solar array.19

7 November STS-120/Discovery landing

9 NOVEMBER

2007 EVA 20

World EVA 280

Russian EVA 124/

U.S. EVA 181

Space Station EVA 140

ISS EVA 35

Duration: 6:55

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 16

Crew: Peggy Whitson (NASA), Clayton Anderson (NASA), Leopold Eyharts 

(European Space Agency), Yuri Malenchenko (Russian Space Agency), 

Garrett Reisman (NASA), Daniel Tani (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Peggy Whitson, Yuri Malenchenko

Purpose: Prepare PMA-2 for relocation to Node 2; disconnect electrical 

cables; remove light on lab and thermal cover from Node 2 forward port; 

connect power/data cables for Node 2 grapple fixture; connect power cable 

for service module power; replace failed RPCM; reconfigure FGB-PMA1 

jumpers; retrieve S-band signal processor; relocate ammonia vent tool bag 

on airlock

18.Ibi

19.Ibi
The Chronology // 2007 89

Wearing American spacesuits, astronaut Whitson and cosmonaut Malenchenko departed the ISS from 

the Quest Airlock to begin the first EVA of Expedition 16. Whitson was the mission’s lead spacewalker, and they started by disconnecting the Station to Shuttle Power Transfer System cables as 

well as eight other cables between Destiny and PMA-2. To also allow for the Harmony Node move, 

Whitson removed a light on Destiny and took it back to the airlock and both spacewalkers undid 

connectors on rigid umbilicals on Destiny’s exterior and stowed them on and around the lab. The light 

would later be reinstalled along with the connectors following the installation of fluid umbilical trays 

on the lab. Malenchenko concluded Destiny’s preparation for the Node’s relocation by installing caps 

on receptacles left open from the disconnection of the PMA cables. They then moved to Harmony, and 

Whitson finished making connections for a power and data grapple fixture that would provide a base 

on Harmony for Canadarm2. Meanwhile, Malenchenko removed and then replaced a failed RPCM. 

Then, to prepare for the installation of PMA-2, the duo moved to the outboard end of the Node to 

remove the CBM cover. Upon removing the cover, they bundled it and secured it with wire ties for 

later disposal in a Progress cargo carrier. Malenchenko and Whitson then split apart at Z1, where 

Malenchenko reconfigured its power system by removing an electrical jumper on its rear, and Whitson 

worked on another reconfiguration down at the Z1’s base, or the “rat’s nest.” They finished off the EVA 

with Whitson bringing a base-band signal processor box to the Quest Airlock and Malenchenko transferring tools between two bags and leaving one on S0 to use in future spacewalks.20

20 NOVEMBER

2007 EVA 21

World EVA 281

U.S. EVA 182

Space Station EVA 141

ISS EVA 36

Duration: 7:16

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 16

Crew: Peggy Whitson (NASA), Clayton Anderson (NASA), Leopold Eyharts 

(European Space Agency), Yuri Malenchenko (Russian Space Agency), 

Garrett Reisman (NASA), Daniel Tani (NASA) 

Spacewalkers: Peggy Whitson, Daniel Tani

Purpose: Install starboard thermal cooling lines on Node 2; connect 

electrical cables to PMA-2

Whitson and Tani set out on this EVA to begin moving the Harmony Node, which Whitson and 

Malenchenko did preparation work for in the spacewalk 11 days earlier. Whitson began by returning 

to the exterior of Destiny and removing venting and stowing an ammonia jumper near where she had 

previously removed a light. Tani retrieved the tool bag left by Malenchenko on the previous EVA and 

removed fluid caps on Destiny. Whitson and Tani’s removal of different parts allowed for the installation of a permanent ammonia-cooling loop on a fluid tray on the lab’s exterior. Tani then reconfigured a circuit on a squib-firing unit that was used to deploy a radiator on P1 on 15 November. The 

duo then met at S0 to begin the move of the loop A fluid tray from there to the Harmony Node. The 

tray is 300 pounds (136.08 kilograms) and 18.5 feet (5.64 meters) long, and the two astronauts used 

a relay technique in moving it. One would move ahead, attaching tethers to make the tray ready for 

20.“Station Spacewalk Prepares for PMA, Harmony Moves,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 21 April 2014, (http://www.nasa

gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition16/eva_pma_harmony.html)
90 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

receiving, and the other would move farther ahead to be ready for the next handoff. After delivering 

the tray to Harmony, they bolted it down and connected its fluid lines, with two connecting to S0, 

two to the tray itself, and two in between them. Tani then mated 11 avionics lines on the port side of 

the Node. Whitson, meanwhile, configured the heater cables on Harmony and then performed the last 

scheduled task of the spacewalk, which was mating electrical umbilicals by hooking up four electrical 

harnesses linking PMA-2 at the end of Harmony to power from ISS. Tani then completed a get-ahead 

task of connecting five starboard avionics umbilicals to Harmony. Tani and Whitson also connected 

redundant umbilicals to PMA-2. They also began connecting cables at PMA-2 to transfer power from 

the Shuttle to the Station. Once the spacewalkers entered the airlock, they underwent precautionary 

decontamination procedures due to working on the ammonia lines.21

24 NOVEMBER

2007 EVA 22

World EVA 282

U.S. EVA 183

Space Station EVA 142

ISS EVA 37

Duration: 7:04

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 16

Crew: Peggy Whitson (NASA), Clayton Anderson (NASA), Leopold Eyharts 

(European Space Agency), Yuri Malenchenko (Russian Space Agency), 

Garrett Reisman (NASA), Daniel Tani (NASA) 

Spacewalkers: Peggy Whitson, Daniel Tani

Purpose: Install port thermal cooling lines on Node 2; connect electrical 

cables to PMA-2; inspect and photograph starboard Solar Array Rotary 

Joint (SARJ)

Whitson and Tani reunited to venture outside the Station and continue the work they started four 

days earlier. Again, they removed a temporary ammonia jumper and fluid caps, this time to allow 

for the transfer of the loop B fluid tray from S0 to the port avionics tray atop of Destiny. They again 

relayed the tray to each other to deliver to the installation point. Once there, they bolted it down and 

connected its six fluid lines and its two heater cables. Whitson then moved to the starboard side of 

Harmony to do work that would prepare for its attachment to the ESA laboratory, Columbus, during 

the STS-122 mission in the December 2007. She removed a thermal cover over the centerline berthing 

camera mechanism and eight launch restraints over latch petals from a common berthing mechanism. 

She then finished the SSPTS cable connection that she and Tani had started making on the previous 

EVA. Tani, meanwhile, removed one of the covers on the starboard SARJ on the right side of the 

Station’s main truss. He took photographs and collected metallic shavings from the surface. Whitson 

then joined him at the starboard SARJ for analysis. They observed that some surfaces under the cover 

were abraded and that the joint showed unexpected vibration and increased power consumption. The 

photos and shavings would be brought back for further inspection, and they stowed the SARJ cover 

inside the airlock so they could observe the joint in rotation with Canadarm2’s video camera. Whitson 

then reinstalled the light on Destiny, which she had removed on the spacewalk of November 9. The 

21.“Spacewalkers Harmonize on Node Hookup Tasks,” John Ira Petty, accessed 21 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission

pages/station/expeditions/expedition16/exp16_eva_112007.html)
The Chronology // 2007 91

EVA concluded with Tani relocating a tool bag and an articulating portable foot restraint in preparation for future work on ISS.22

18 DECEMBER

2007 EVA 23

World EVA 283

U.S. EVA 184

Space Station EVA 143

ISS EVA 38

Duration: 6:56

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 16

Crew: Peggy Whitson (NASA), Clayton Anderson (NASA), Leopold Eyharts 

(European Space Agency), Yuri Malenchenko (Russian Space Agency), 

Garrett Reisman (NASA), Daniel Tani (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Daniel Tani, Peggy Whitson

Purpose: Inspect starboard solar array alpha and beta joints; retrieve one 

trundle bearing from alpha joint for in-cabin and ground assessments

This was the 100th spacewalk devoted to construction and maintenance of the ISS. Whitson also set 

a record for the most cumulative spacewalk time by a woman during this EVA. By its end, she had 

amassed a total of 32 hours and 36 minutes of spacewalk time. Tani and Whitson began this EVA 

with the inspection of Beta Gimbal Assembly 1A (BGA 1A) because its primary power was lost when 

three of its circuit breakers tripped. Upon initial inspection, they did not find any obvious damage, 

but they disconnected two cables to facilitate ground tests. With the cables disconnected, the circuits 

were still observed to be closed, ruling out the possibility that the cables were responsible for the power 

failure. Whitson later reconnected the cables. The astronauts then moved to the SARJ to remove two 

drive lock assembly covers and inspect race rings and bearings underneath them. They also looked 

underneath most of the 22 covers over SARJ, to make inspections similar to the one that Tani had 

done during the 24 November spacewalk. They found debris, dust, and contamination under most of 

the covers, just as they found before. They took more photographs and collected more debris samples 

to bring back to the Station for further analysis. Lastly, before returning to the airlock, they removed 

Trundle Bearing Assembly #5 to bring with them for assessment inside the Station.23

22.“Spacewalkers Complete More Harmony Hookup Work,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 21 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov

mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition16/exp16_eva_112407.html)

23.“Spacewalkers Find No Solar Wing Smoking Gun,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 21 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov

mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition16/exp16_eva_121807.html)

The Chronology // 2008 93

2008

30 JANUARY

2008 EVA 1

World EVA 284

U.S. EVA 185

Space Station EVA 144

ISS EVA 39

Duration: 7:10

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 16

Crew: Peggy Whitson (NASA), Clayton Anderson (NASA), Leopold Eyharts 

(European Space Agency), Yuri Malenchenko (Russian Space Agency), 

Garrett Reisman (NASA), Daniel Tani (NASA)

Spacewalkers: Peggy Whitson, Daniel Tani

Purpose: Replace the Bearing Motor Roll Ring Module (BMRRM) and 

inspect SARJ

This was the last of five EVAs that took place during Expedition 16. Whitson and Tani replaced the 

BMRRM, also known as the “broom,” which is the motor that rotates the Station’s solar wings. The 

duo retrieved the new BMRRM from stowage in PMA-3. Once the astronauts installed the new 

motor, they observed as flight controllers rotated the solar wings a full 360 degrees. With the wings 

appearing to be working in perfect order with the replacement BMRRM, the spacewalkers returned to 

the starboard SARJ on the main truss. Tani and Whitson this time removed eight more covers on the 

joint to continue their inspection for contamination and debris.1

7 February STS-122/Atlantis launch

11 FEBRUARY

2008 EVA 2

World EVA 285

U.S. EVA 186

Shuttle EVA 111

Duration: 7:58

Spacecraft/mission: STS-122 

Crew: Stephen Frick, Alan Poindexter, Rex Walheim, Stanley Love, Leland 

Melvin, Hans Schlegel (European Space Agency), Leopold Eyharts (ESA, 

began tour on ISS) 

Spacewalkers: Rex Walheim, Stanley Love

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Begin installation of Columbus

Module; complete preparatory work to replace nitrogen tank

The ISS crew and the Shuttle crew worked together to install the Columbus laboratory, the ESA’s 

largest contribution to the ISS. The laboratory may contain up to 10 payload racks—eight within the 

sidewalls and two in the ceiling. The racks function as individual laboratories. Each is equipped with a 

1. “Spacewalkers Replace Solar Wing Motor, John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 21 April 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/missio

pages/station/expeditions/expedition16/exp16_eva_013008.html)
94 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

cooling system, as well as data and video connections for researchers on Earth. Columbus was designed 

to be minimalistic with the utmost efficiency—maximum research with minimal space. While the 

laboratory was still docked in Atlantis’s payload bay, Stanley Love and Rex Walheim installed a grapple 

fixture, removed window and berthing covers, and disconnected heating cables between Columbus 

lab and the Shuttle. They then readied its data and power lines to be mated with the ISS. Then, Leland 

Melvin, Leopold Eyharts, and Tani remotely transported Columbus to the Station’s starboard side, 

via the Canadarm2. The spacewalkers concluded the EVA with the loosening of the Station’s nitrogen 

tank, which was scheduled for replacement.2

13 FEBRUARY

2008 EVA 3

World EVA 286

ESA EVA 9/U.S. EVA 187

Shuttle EVA 112

Duration: 6:45

Spacecraft/mission: STS-122

Crew: Stephen Frick, Alan Poindexter, Rex Walheim, Stanley Love, Leland 

Melvin, Hans Schlegel (European Space Agency), Leopold Eyharts (ESA, 

began tour aboard the ISS)

Spacewalkers: Rex Walheim, Hans Schlegel

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Replace nitrogen tank on P1

truss; install trunnion covers on Columbus; repair Destiny debris shield

Hans Schlegel and Walheim completed the work from the previous spacewalk and replaced the 

Station’s nitrogen tank on the P1 truss. Using the Canadarm2, they stored the old tank into Atlantis’s 

payload bay for return to Earth. Additionally, the spacewalkers installed trunnion covers on Columbus 

and made small repairs on the Destiny debris shield.3

15 FEBRUARY

2008 EVA 4

World EVA 287

U.S. EVA 188

Shuttle EVA 113

Duration: 7:25

Spacecraft/mission: STS-122 

Crew: Stephen Frick, Alan Poindexter, Rex Walheim, Stanley Love, Leland 

Melvin, Hans Schlegel (European Space Agency), Leopold Eyharts (ESA, 

began tour aboard the ISS)

Spacewalkers: Rex Walheim, Stanley Love 

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Install two ESA experiments;

mount nine handrails, two foot restraints, and a keep pin cover on 

Columbus; store failed CMG in Atlantis; photograph sharp edge on Quest 

Airlock handrail

2. “Columbus Laboratory,” European Space Agency, accessed 1 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/216164main_STS-12

pdf); “STS-122 (24th Space Station Flight): Atlantis,” John F. Kennedy Space Center, accessed 1 June 2014, (http://www.esa

int/Our_Activities/Human_Spaceflight/Columbus/Columbus_laboratory)

3. “STS-122 (24th Space Station Flight): Atlantis,” John F. Kennedy Space Center, accessed 1 June 2014, (http://www.esa.i

Our_Activities/Human_Spaceflight/Columbus/Columbus_laboratory)
The Chronology // 2008 95

Using the Canadarm2, Stanley Love and Rex Walheim installed two ESA experiments, Sun Monitoring 

on the External Payload Facility of Columbus (SOLAR) and European Technology Exposure Facility 

(EuTEF), to Columbus’s exterior. They also mounted nine handrails, two foot restraint sockets, and a 

keel pin cover on the laboratory. The pair then retrieved and stored a failed CMG in Atlantis, for return 

to Earth. Love and Walheim also examined and photographed a handrail on the Quest Airlock’s handrail. A sharp edge on the handrail was suspected in an accidental cut to the gloves.4

20 February STS-122/Atlantis landing

11 March STS-123/Endeavour launch

13 MARCH

2008 EVA 5

World EVA 288

U.S. EVA 189

Shuttle EVA 114

Duration: 7:01

Spacecraft/mission: STS-123

Crew: Dominic Gorie, Gregory Johnson, Garrett Reisman (began tour 

aboard the ISS), Robert Behnken, Michael Foreman, Richard Linnehan, 

Takao Doi (JAXA), Leopold Eyharts (ESA, returned to Earth) 

Spacewalkers: Richard Linnehan, Garrett Reisman

Purpose: First of five scheduled EVAs. Install Kibo Laboratory; install tools

on Canadarm2; mount Centerline Berthing Camera System on Harmony

Linnehan, an experienced spacewalker, led the first of five EVAs. With Garrett Reisman, he first 

installed and powered the Japanese laboratory Kibo, which translates as “Hope.” The laboratory is 

Japan’s first spacecraft facility. It houses experiments relating to biology, medicine, communications, 

biotechnology, and observations of Earth. Furthermore, Kibo has a scientific airlock, allowing experiments to be transferred to the exterior and exposed to the space environment. To install Kibo, firsttime spacewalker Garrett Reisman and Linnehan disconnected heater cables between the laboratory 

and Endeavour, then detached its berthing mechanism covers. From within the Station, Doi and Gorie 

operated the Canadarm2 and transferred Kibo to its temporary location on Harmony. The spacewalkers then focused on mounting the Centerline Berthing Camera System on Harmony. The camera offers 

live images to assist in the installation of new modules.5

4. “STS-122 (24th Space Station Flight): Atlantis,” John F. Kennedy Space Center, accessed 1 June 2014, (http://www.esa.i

Our_Activities/Human_Spaceflight/Columbus/Columbus_laboratory)

5. “All Aboard: The Station Goes Global,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 5 June 2014, (http://ww

nasa.gov/pdf/215905main_sts123_press_kit_b.pdf); “International Space Station: Kibo Laboratory,” Jerry Wright, editor, 

accessed 5 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/jem.html#.Vuw04-cuJ2B)
96 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

15 MARCH

2008 EVA 6

World EVA 289

U.S. EVA 190

Shuttle EVA 115

Duration: 7:09

Spacecraft/mission: STS-123

Crew: Dominic Gorie, Gregory Johnson, Garrett Reisman (began tour 

aboard the ISS), Robert Behnken, Michael Foreman, Richard Linnehan, 

Takao Doi (JAXA), Leopold Eyharts (ESA, returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: Richard Linnehan, Michael Foreman

Purpose: Second of five scheduled EVAs. Assemble Dextre arm

Linnehan performed the second of five EVAs with first-time spacewalker Michael Foreman. The pair 

installed the Canadian-built Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator (SPDM), which is more commonly known as Dextre, a sophisticated robot that performs small maintenance work and repairs. 

Its assistance will make EVAs more efficient by allowing spacewalkers to spend more time on experiments, rather than maintenance routines. The spacewalkers removed covers and assembled both arms 

on Dextre.6

17 MARCH

2008 EVA 7

World EVA 290

U.S. EVA 191

Shuttle EVA 116

Duration: 6:35

Spacecraft/mission: STS-123

Crew: Dominic Gorie, Gregory Johnson, Garrett Reisman (began tour 

aboard the ISS), Robert Behnken, Michael Foreman, Richard Linnehan, 

Takao Doi (JAXA), Leopold Eyharts (ESA, returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: Richard Linnehan, Robert Behnken

Purpose: Third of five scheduled EVAs. Install camera, lights, and tools on

Dextre; retrieve Dextre blankets; prepare Spacelab pallet for return to Earth; 

transfer MISSE experiments to Columbus

Linnehan and new spacewalker Robert Behnken continued assembling Dextre. They mounted Camera 

Light Pan Tilt Assembly (CLPA) and the tool platform and holders on the robot. Furthermore, the 

pair retrieved nearly all of the covers. Linnehan and Behnken prepared Dextre’s Spacelab pallet to be 

returned to Earth with Endeavour. The pair then attempted to transfer the six MISSE experiments to 

Columbus, but could not due to a blocked pip pinhole.7

6. “All Aboard: The Station Goes Global,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 7 June 2014, (http://ww

nasa.gov/pdf/215905main_sts123_press_kit_b.pdf); “Dextre, the International Space Station’s Robotic Handyman,” Canadian 

Space Agency, accessed 7 June 2014, (http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/iss/dextre)

7. “All Aboard: The Station Goes Global,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 5 June 2014, (http://ww

nasa.gov/pdf/215905main_sts123_press_kit_b.pdf)
The Chronology // 2008 97

20 MARCH

2008 EVA 8

World EVA 291

U.S. EVA 192

Shuttle EVA 117

Duration: 6:24

Spacecraft/mission: STS-123

Crew: Dominic Gorie, Gregory Johnson, Garrett Reisman (began tour 

aboard the ISS), Robert Behnken, Michael Foreman, Richard Linnehan, 

Takao Doi (JAXA), Leopold Eyharts (ESA, returned to Earth) 

Spacewalkers: Robert Behnken, Michael Foreman

Purpose: Fourth of five scheduled EVAs. Replace failed RPCM and

reconfigure CMG-2 power; test tile repair materials and techniques; remove 

Dextre thermal cover; find missing Dextre berth pin

Foreman and Behnken replaced a failed RPCM on the Z1 truss, in attempt to reconfigure power 

lines to CMG-2. However, they were unable to disconnect the existing electrical connections and 

successfully power CMG-2. The pair then experimented with Shuttle tile repair techniques and tools. 

They also unhinged launch locks and berthing mechanisms on Harmony. Foreman and Behnken then 

removed the last thermal cover on Dextre, though they could not locate a missing berth pin.8

22 MARCH

2008 EVA 9

World EVA 292

U.S. EVA 193

Shuttle EVA 118

Duration: 6:02 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-123

Crew: Dominic Gorie, Gregory Johnson, Garrett Reisman (began tour 

aboard the ISS), Robert Behnken, Michael Foreman, Richard Linnehan, 

Takao Doi (JAXA), Leopold Eyharts (ESA, returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: Robert Behnken, Michael Foreman

Purpose: Fifth of five scheduled EVAs. Stow Orbiter Boom Sensor System

on S1 truss; install Trundle Bearing Assembly; inspect SARJ covers; install 

MISSE experiments on Columbus

During the crew’s last spacewalk, Behnken and Foreman temporarily stored the Orbiter Boom Sensor 

System (OBSS) on the S1 truss. The boom is usually connected to Canadarm2 to detect thermal 

damage. The pair also installed the TBA (Trundle Bearing Assembly) on the SARJ and inspected the 

joint covers. The TBA consists of twelve components designed to attach the SARJ between inboard 

and outboard truss elements. The TBA also allows the SARJ to rotate. During a previous spacewalk on 

17 March, the crew was unable to install an experimental pallet on Columbus’s exterior. Behnken and 

Foreman successfully resolved the issue and mounted the experiments.9

8. Ib

9. Ib
98 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

26 March STS-123/Endeavour landing

8 April Soyuz-TMA 12/ISS Expedition 17 launch

19 April Soyuz-TMA 11/ISS Expedition 16 landing

31 May STS-124/Discovery launch

3 JUNE

2008 EVA 10

World EVA 293

U.S. EVA 194

Shuttle EVA 119

Duration: 6:48

Spacecraft/mission: STS-124

Crew: Mark Kelly, Kenneth Ham, Karen Nyberg, Garrett Reisman (returned 

to Earth), Gregory Chamitoff (began tour aboard the ISS), Ronald Garan, 

Michael Fossum, Akihiko Hoshide (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Michael Fossum, Ronald Garan

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Release special launch restraint of

elbow camera of Shuttle robotic arm; transfer the OBSS boom from the S1 

truss to the Orbiter’s Payload Bay for return; prepare Japanese Experiment 

Module (JEM) for installation; remove berthing mechanical covers and 

release window locks; reinstall Trundle Bearing Assembly; confirm divot and 

demonstrate cleaning and lubrication techniques of the SARJ; remove SARJ 

launch restraints

During the three excursions, Fossum and Ronald Garan wore new spacesuit gloves with supportive 

thumb and index finger patches. The gloves were designed to strengthen areas where tears occurred in 

recent spacewalks. The supportive patches are made of the same materials already used in the palm of 

the glove, though it has a tighter and stronger weave called “TurtleSkin.” During the initial spacewalk, 

Garan first unbolted the stanchions securing the OBSS to the Station S1 truss. Fossum then detached 

an umbilical cord that kept the OBSS powered while temporarily stowed. They then transferred it 

from the Station to Discovery’s payload bay. It later returned to Earth with the Shuttle. Fossum then 

examined Harmony’s CBM and confirmed it was prepared to connect with the Japanese Experiment 

Module Kibo. The pair readied Kibo for further assembly, and removed its contamination covers 

and unbolted its window locks. Garan then replaced 1 of the 12 TBAs that was not performing well. 

Meanwhile, Fossum examined the damaged area and retrieved debris samples on the SARJ. He also 

tested techniques to remove the debris and clean the race ring on the SARJ.10

10.“STS-124 Kibo: Hope for a New Era,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 15 June 2014, (http://www

nasa.gov/pdf/228145main_sts124_presskit2.pdf)
The Chronology // 2008 99

5 JUNE

2008 EVA 11

World EVA 294

U.S. EVA 195

Shuttle EVA 120

Duration: 7:11 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-124

Crew: Mark Kelly, Kenneth Ham, Karen Nyberg, Garrett Reisman (returned 

to Earth), Gregory Chamitoff (began tour aboard the ISS), Ronald Garan, 

Michael Fossum Akihiko Hoshide (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Michael Fossum, Ronald Garan

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Install two cameras to Kibo;

remove Kibo thermal covers; prepare CBM for installation to Kibo; begin 

work to replace Station’s nitrogen tank; install four foot restraints; retrieve 

failing camera

Fossum and Garan’s first objective was to continue assembling Kibo. They installed two JEM Television 

Electronics (JTVE) cameras, one on the front end and the other on the aft end, of the laboratory. The 

pair then retrieved seven thermal covers off Kibo’s robotic arm joints. The astronauts then prepared for 

the attachment of the CBM to Kibo. They removed its thermal covers, bolts, and launch locks. Their 

focus shifted, and they began working on the Station’s Nitrogen Tank Assembly (NTA) replacement. 

While Garan installed thermal covers over the old nitrogen tank and disconnected its electrical and 

nitrogen lines, Fossum mounted four foot restraints to the work area for future spacewalks. Finally, the 

pair worked together to retrieve a failing camera. They repaired the camera and reinstalled it during 

their last spacewalk.11

8 JUNE

2008 EVA 12

World EVA 295

U.S. EVA 196

Shuttle EVA 121

Duration: 6:33

Spacecraft/mission: STS-124

Crew: Mark Kelly, Kenneth Ham, Karen Nyberg, Garrett Reisman (returned 

to Earth), Gregory Chamitoff (began tour aboard the ISS), Ronald Garan, 

Michael Fossum, Akihiko Hoshide (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Michael Fossum, Ronald Garan

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Replace nitrogen tank on S1 truss;

reinstall repaired truss camera; remove remaining Kibo launch locks; mount 

micrometeoroid debris shields on Kibo

On the final EVA, Fossum and Garan completed the replacement of the NTA on the S1 truss. Attached 

to the Canadarm2, Garan removed four bolts securing the old nitrogen tank. He then mounted a 

portable handle and carried the tank to the stowage platform. Meanwhile, Fossum prepared the spare 

nitrogen tank and mounted four bolts. Garan removed the handle from the old nitrogen tank and 

attached it to the new nitrogen tank. He then guided it to the S1 truss for installation. Fossum moved 

to the Kibo Laboratory and released launch locks on the laboratory’s windows. He also removed 

11.Ibi
100 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

thermal covers off Kibo’s cameras. Fossum mounted two micrometeoroid debris shields to the laboratory. The pair then reinstalled two repaired External Television Camera Group (ETVCG) cameras on 

the truss and concluded the spacewalk.12

14 June STS-124/Discovery landing

10 JULY

2008 EVA 13

World EVA 296

Russian EVA 125

Space Station EVA 145

ISS EVA 40

Duration: 6:18

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 17

Crew: Sergei Volkov (Russian Space Agency), Gregory Chamitoff (NASA), 

Oleg Kononenko (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Sergei Volkov, Oleg Kononenko

Purpose: Inspect and photograph Soyuz TMA-12; retrieve faulty pyro bolt

The crew’s primary objectives were to examine the recently berthed Soyuz spacecraft and recover its 

pyro bolt. Sergei Volkov and Oleg Kononenko exited the Pirs hatch and then, while attached to Strela, 

photographed the Soyuz spacecraft. They also mounted covers over its thrusters. The cosmonauts then 

disconnected the spacecraft’s electrical cables and severed a wire to disconnect and retrieve the pyro 

bolt. Volkov and Kononenko then returned to Pirs with the pyro bolt, which was later returned to 

Earth for inspection.13

15 JULY

2008 EVA 14

World EVA 297

Russian EVA 126

Space Station EVA 146

ISS EVA 41

Duration: 5:54

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 17

Crew: Sergei Volkov (Russian Space Agency), Gregory Chamitoff (NASA), 

Oleg Kononenko (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Sergei Volkov, Oleg Kononenko 

Purpose: Install docking target for new laboratory berthing; install Vsplesk 

experiment; retrieve Biorisk experiment

During their second spacewalk, Volkov and Kononenko focused on new installations to the Station’s 

exterior and preparing for the arrival of a new Russian laboratory, which was scheduled to arrive in 

2010. They operated the Strela crane to install the docking target on the Zvezda module, where the 

new laboratory was scheduled to dock. The cosmonauts then mounted a ladder on Zvezda to allow 

the assembly of the Kurs antenna in 2010. Volkov and Kononenko returned to Pirs and retrieved 

12.Ibi

13.“Russian Spacewalkers Retrieve Soyuz Pyro Bolt,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 20 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov

mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition17/eva20a.html)
The Chronology // 2008 101

the Vsplesk experiment and assembled it on the wider side of Zvezda. Using high-energy particle 

streams, Vsplesk monitors the diffusion of Earth’s elastic waves. Time permitted Volkov to complete 

an unscheduled task—straightening out a bent ham radio antenna. The pair concluded the spacewalk 

with the retrieval of the Biorisk experiment on Zvezda.14

25 September Shenzhou 7 launch

27 SEPTEMBER

2008 EVA 15

World EVA 298

Chinese EVA 1

Duration: Time varied among various sources

Spacecraft/mission: Shenzhou-7

Crew: Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming, Jing Haipeng

Spacewalkers: Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming 

Purpose: Perform first Chinese EVA; wear and demonstrate Chinesedeveloped Feitan spacesuit; wave national flag

During their first space flight, the Shenzhou-7 crew performed China’s first spacewalk. Taikonaut 

Jing Haipeng remained in the pressurized vehicle, while Commander Zhai Zhigang and Liu Boming 

performed the televised 14-minute spacewalk. Liu wore an Orlan spacesuit purchased from Russia, 

and Zhai wore the Chinese-made Feitan suit. At the start of the spacewalk, Zhai stated in Mandarin, 

“I’m feeling quite well. I greet the Chinese people and the people of the world.” He clutched a handrail 

next to the hatch and positioned himself in view of the television cameras. Jing handed off a Chinese 

flag while mostly remaining in the module. Live national broadcast presented Zhai waving the flag. 

The historical event garnered international speculation when the Xinhua News Agency revealed details 

about the Shenzhou-7 launch before the spacecraft actually left Earth. The article quoted dialogue 

between the spacefarers during liftoff. When questioned, the news outlet simply explained it was a 

technical error. Furthermore, the China National Space Administration (CNSA) was criticized for 

allowing the vehicle to orbit within 27.96 miles (45.01 kilometers) of the ISS. Traveling approximately 

4.97 miles (8 kilometers) per second, neither spacecraft had room for error.15

28 September Shenzhou 7 landing

12 October Soyuz-TMA 13/ISS Expedition 18 launch

23 October Soyuz-TMA 12/ISS Expedition 17 landing 

14 November STS-126/Endeavour launch

14.“Russian Spacewalkers Outfit Station’s Exterior,” John Ira Petty, editor, accessed 18 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov

mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition17/eva20.html)

15.“Chinese Astronaut Walks in Space,” BBC News, accessed 19 June 2014, (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science

nature/7637818.stm)
102 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

18 NOVEMBER

2008 EVA 16

World EVA 299

U.S. EVA 197

Shuttle EVA 122

Duration: 6:52

Spacecraft/mission: STS-126 

Crew: Christopher Ferguson, Eric Boe, Sandra Magnus (began tour aboard 

the ISS), Stephen Bowen, Donald Pettit, Shane Kimbrough, Heidemarie 

Stefanyshyn-Piper, Gregory Chamitoff (returned to Earth) 

Spacewalkers: Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper, Stephen Bowen

Purpose: First of four scheduled EVAs. Transfer empty Nitrogen Tank

Assembly (NTA) to Endeavour; relocate Flex Hose Rotary Coupler to ISS; 

remove Kibo thermal covers; begin cleaning SARJs

The majority of the STS-126 crew’s four spacewalks was spent cleaning and lubricating the SARJs. 

Experienced spacewalker Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper performed the first three spacewalks and was 

designated the lead spacewalker. During the crew’s first spacewalk, Stephen Bowen and StefanyshynPiper retrieved an empty NTA to be returned to Earth. Stefanyshyn-Piper mounted a foot restraint on 

Canadarm2 and, while standing in it, guided the tank to Endeavour’s payload bay. The spacewalkers 

then completed several smaller tasks: they retrieved a camera and closed a window flap on Harmony’s 

CBM. They also removed a spare Flex Hose Rotary Coupler from the Lightweight Multi-Purpose 

Equipment Support Structure Carrier (LMC) located in the Shuttle’s payload bay to the Station. The 

device, scheduled to be used during impending EVAs, transfers liquid ammonia to the ISS radiators. 

They completed the initial stages to clean the Starboard SARJ. Bowen and Stefanyshyn-Piper first wiped 

away debris from cleaner surfaces, and then they focused on the more damaged areas. The pair coated 

the outer surface with grease and scraped off the metal debris. They used a dry cloth to remove the 

remaining grease and metal. The spacewalkers also replaced two SARJ Trundle Bearings Assemblies.16

20 NOVEMBER

2008 EVA 17

World EVA 300

U.S. EVA 198

Shuttle EVA 123

Duration: 6:45

Spacecraft/mission: STS-126

Crew: Christopher Ferguson, Eric Boe, Sandra Magnus (began tour aboard 

the ISS), Stephen Bowen, Donald Pettit, Shane Kimbrough, Heidemarie 

Stefanyshyn-Piper, Gregory Chamitoff (returned to Earth) 

Spacewalkers: Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper, Shane Kimbrough

Purpose: Second of four scheduled EVAs. Relocate 2 CETA carts to port

side; continue cleaning SARJs; lubricate Canadarm2 grasping tool

Shane Kimbrough and Stefanyshyn-Piper’s first objective was to relocate two CETA carts from the 

Station’s starboard side to the port side. The carts were moved to prepare for the arrival of the S6 truss 

during the next Shuttle flight. Stefanyshyn-Piper unlocked and prepared the carts for transfer, while 

16.“STS-126: Extreme Home Improvements,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 13 June 2014, (http:/

www.nasa.gov/pdf/287211main_sts126_press_kit2.pdf)
The Chronology // 2008 103

Kimbrough rode Canadarm2 and individually guided them to their new location. He then lubricated 

the latching end effector, the robotic arm’s grasping tool. The astronauts then continued polishing the 

SARJ and replaced two trundle bearings. They completed their tasks more quickly than expected and 

ended the excursion early.17

22 NOVEMBER

2008 EVA 18

World EVA 301

U.S. EVA 199

Shuttle EVA 124

Duration: 6:57 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-126

Crew: Christopher Ferguson, Eric Boe, Sandra Magnus (began tour aboard 

the ISS), Stephen Bowen, Donald Pettit, Shane Kimbrough, Heidemarie 

Stefanyshyn-Piper, Gregory Chamitoff (returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper, Stephen Bowen

Purpose: Third of four scheduled EVAs Replace the remaining trundle 

bearings; finish cleaning the SARJs

17.Ibi

FIGURE 8. Lubricating SARJ. View of Shane Kimbrough as he works to relocate a Crew and Equipment 

Translation Aid (CETA) cart during STS-126 EVA 2. (NASA ISS018-E-009292
104 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

Bowen and Stefanyshyn-Piper finished cleaning the SARJs and replaced the remaining trundle bearings, except one. Using the same cleaning techniques as the two previous spacewalks, the pair spent 

7 hours finalizing the maintenance of the rotary joints. They also cleaned and greased the joint’s 

race ring.18

24 NOVEMBER

2008 EVA 19

World EVA 302

U.S. EVA 200

Shuttle EVA 125

Duration: 6:07 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-126

Crew: Christopher Ferguson, Eric Boe, Sandra Magnus (began tour aboard 

the ISS), Stephen Bowen, Donald Pettit, Shane Kimbrough, Heidemarie 

Stefanyshyn-Piper, Gregory Chamitoff (returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: Shane Kimbrough, Stephen Bowen

Purpose: Fourth of four scheduled EVAs. Lubricate the SARJ; replace last

trundle bearing; reinstall the covers on Kibo CBM; install one of two GPS 

antennae; mount camera on P1 truss; mount handrails on Kibo; photograph 

trusses and Mobile Transporter trailing umbilical system cables

As a preventative measure, Bowen and Kimbrough lubricated the entire surface of the SARJs again. The 

spacewalkers opened six of the rotary joint’s covers and greased them. Ground controllers rotated the 

joints 180 degrees to allow the grease to spread and expose any unlubricated areas. While Kimbrough 

greased any remaining surfaces, Bowen worked on the experiments attached to the Kibo Laboratory’s 

exterior. He also reinstalled the CBM cover that he removed during his first spacewalk. Afterward, 

Bowen wrapped the Canadarm2’s tabs around a cable to prevent them from blocking the robotic arm’s 

camera. Bowen returned to Kibo and mounted three handrails and a GPS antenna. The spacewalkers 

photographed the trusses and the mobile transporter’s cables and finalized the excursion.19

30 November STS-126/Endeavour landing

22 DECEMBER

2008 EVA 20

World EVA 303

Russian EVA 127/

U.S. EVA 201

Space Station EVA 147

ISS EVA 42

Duration: 5:38

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 18

Crew: Michael Fincke (NASA), Yuri Lonchakov (Russian Space Agency), 

Sandra Magnus (NASA), Koichi Wakata (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Yuri Lonchakov, Michael Fincke 

Purpose: Install Langmuir probe to aid Soyuz reentry separation analysis; 

retrieve Biorisk can; install Expose-R and Impulse experiment

18.Ibi

19.Ibi
The Chronology // 2008 105

Yuri Lonchakov and Fincke set out on their spacewalk at 7:51 p.m. EST on Monday, 22 December 

and returned to ISS’s airlock at 1:29 a.m. the following day. They installed a Langmuir probe on Pirs 

to measure electromagnetic energy to determine its effects on pyrotechnical separation bolts on Soyuz. 

Fincke removed Biorisk experiment canister from outside of Pirs, and he and Lonchakov put it back 

inside the airlock. They then installed the two new experiments, Expose-R and Impulse, on Zvezda. 

Conducted by ESA, Expose-R, like the Biorisk experiment, exposed biological substances to outer 

space. Impulse measured disturbances in the ionosphere surrounding ISS. They were able to connect 

both experiments in spite of having trouble with some stubborn cables. Moscow flight controllers 

relayed that the Impulse experiment was functional but they did not receive telemetry from Expose-R. 

Therefore, they ordered the pair to disconnect Expose-R and bring it back with them to Pirs.20

20.“Station Spacewalkers Install Experiments,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 14 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission

pages/station/expeditions/expedition18/eva21.html)

The Chronology // 2009 107

2009

10 MARCH

2009 EVA 1

World EVA 304

Russian EVA 128/

U.S. EVA 202

Space Station EVA 148

ISS EVA 43

Duration: 4:49

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 18

Crew: Michael Fincke (NASA), Yuri Lonchakov (Russian Space Agency), 

Sandra Magnus (NASA) 

Spacewalkers: Yuri Lonchakov, Michael Fincke

Purpose: Cut off excess length of fabric straps near DC1 antennas and 

docking target; reinstall Expose-R experiment; adjust orientation of SKK 

experiment panel; close thermal insulation flap over electrical connector 

panel; photograph external hardware

Fincke and Lonchakov brought the Expose-R experiment back to Zvezda, re-attempting to install it. 

This time the installation was a success. They also removed tape on Pirs’ docking target and docking 

compartment to ensure that it would not interfere with the arrival of Soyuz or other spacecraft. The 

pair concluded their walk by taking photographs of the exterior of the Russian portion of ISS. This 

was to assess the current condition of the Station’s surface and its mechanical components after having 

been exposed to the harsh environment of space for 10 years.1

15 March STS-119/Discovery launch

19 MARCH

2009 EVA 2

World EVA 305

U.S. EVA 203 

Shuttle EVA 126

Duration: 6:07

Spacecraft/mission: STS-119

Crew: Lee Archambault, Dominic Antonelli, Joseph Acaba, Steven 

Swanson, Richard Arnold, John Phillips, Steven Swanson, Koichi Wakata 

(JAXA, began tour aboard the ISS), Sandra Magnus (returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: Steven Swanson, Richard Arnold

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Assemble final truss segmen

Richard Arnold and Swanson bolted the final truss segment to the starboard side of ISS. Phillips 

and Wakata used Canadarm2 to pull the 15.5-short-tons (14.06-metric-tons), 45-feet (13.71-meters) 

long segment out of the Shuttle’s payload bay and bring it into position, where Arnold and Swanson 

1. “Station Spacewalkers Install Experiment, Probe,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 14 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition18/eva22.html).
108 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

promptly bolted it in place and connected to it the Station’s data and power cables. The new addition 

to the truss brought it to a total of 335 feet (102.12 meters).2

21 MARCH

2009 EVA 3

World EVA 306

U.S. EVA 204

Shuttle EVA 127

Duration: 6:30

Spacecraft/mission: STS-119

Crew: Lee Archambault, Dominic Antonelli, Joseph Acaba, Steven 

Swanson, Richard Arnold, John Phillips, Steven Swanson, Koichi Wakata 

(JAXA, began tour aboard the ISS), Sandra Magnus (returned to Earth) 

Spacewalkers: Steven Swanson, Joseph Acaba

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Loosen restraints of P6

batteries for future replacement; install JEM GPS antenna; take infrared 

images of P1 and S1 radiators

Joseph Acaba and Swanson prepared a worksite outside of the Station for the installation of new batteries that would be brought up by Endeavour on the STS-127 mission in July 2009. They then installed 

a GPS antenna on the pressurized logistics module outside the Kibo laboratory. Acaba and Swanson 

were scheduled to install a UCCAS, but they encountered a problem with a misaligned bracket, and 

it proved to be impossible to reposition it with the tools available. They were forced to postpone the 

installation, and they instead took infrared photos of radiators on P1 and S1.3

23 MARCH

2009 EVA 4

World EVA 307

U.S. EVA 205

Shuttle EVA 128

Duration: 6:27

Spacecraft/mission: STS-119 

Crew: Lee Archambault, Dominic Antonelli, Joseph Acaba, Steven 

Swanson, Richard Arnold, John Phillips, Steven Swanson, Koichi Wakata 

(JAXA, began tour aboard the ISS), Sandra Magnus (returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: Richard Arnold, Joseph Acaba

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Relocate one CETA cart from port

to starboard side of mobile transporter; replace CETA cart coupler; lubricate 

robotic arm end effector snares; reconfigure electrical connections of truss; 

attach bolts and free clamps of flex hose rotary coupler

2. “NASA’s STS-119 Mission: Boosting the Station Power,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 14 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

mission_pages/shuttle/behindscenes/119_overview.html); “STATUS REPORT: STS-119-09,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 

15 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts119/news/STS-119-09.html)

3. “NASA’s STS-119 Mission: Boosting the Station Power,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 14 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

mission_pages/shuttle/behindscenes/119_overview.html); “STATUS REPORT: STS-119-13,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 

14 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts119/news/STS-119-13.html)
The Chronology // 2009 109

In the mission’s final spacewalk, Acaba and Arnold teamed up this time to move one of the CETA 

carts from one side of the Mobile Transporter to the other. The astronauts moved the cart to facilitate 

attachment of the Mobile Transporters to the Japanese science laboratory which would take place 

during the STS-127 mission in July 2009, as well as other future tasks. The team then attempted to 

deploy one of the Station’s spare equipment platforms, but they could not due to a stuck mechanism. 

They were also supposed to work on a similarly structured payload attach system on the other side of 

the truss, but due to the problem with the mechanism on the spare equipment platform and a similar 

problem that Swanson and Acaba encountered on the previous EVA, Mission Control ordered them to 

forgo the work in case it was a broader problem. Finally, Acaba and Arnold lubricated the end effector 

capture snares on Canadarm2 to prevent it from snagging or fitting too snugly into its groove as it 

retracts back into the latching mechanism.4

26 March Soyuz-TMA 14/ISS Expedition 19 launch

28 March STS-119/Discovery landing

8 April Soyuz-TMA 13/ISS Expedition 18 landing

11 May STS-125/Atlantis launch

14 MAY

2009 EVA 5

World EVA 308

U.S. EVA 206

Shuttle EVA 129

Duration: 7:20

Spacecraft/mission: STS-125

Crew: Scott Altman, Gregory Johnson, Michael Massimino, Michael Good, 

K. Megan McArthur, John Grunsfeld, Andrew Feustel

Spacewalkers: John Grunsfeld, Andrew Feustel

Purpose: Hubble Servicing Mission 4, the first of five scheduled EVAs

The STS-125 crew’s schedule to perform five spacewalks during five consecutive days was demanding 

and historic. It was the last Hubble Servicing Mission, and it notably upgraded the equipment. The 

crew installed updated equipment that improved data connections between the telescope and engineers 

on Earth. Fortunately, the Hubble Space Telescope was passing over Kennedy Space Center when 

Atlantis launched, allowing the Shuttle to capture the Hubble by the second flight day. Grunsfeld 

and Massimino—both experienced spacewalkers who had previously repaired the Hubble—paired 

up with first-time spacewalkers Andrew Feustel and Michael Good. Though each excursion was 

scheduled for 6 hours, most actually required 7 to 8 hours. At the start of the first EVA, Grunsfeld 

assembled a foot restraint to allow Feustel to replace the Wide Field Camera 2 with the 900-pound 

(408.24-kilogram) Wide Field Camera 3. The foot restraints also shielded the solar arrays from vibrations caused by Feustel’s movements. The new camera is capable of larger and more focused images 

4. “NASA’s STS-119 Mission: Boosting the Station Power,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 14 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.go

mission_pages/shuttle/behindscenes/119_overview.html); “STATUS REPORT: STS-119-17,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 

14 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts119/news/STS-119-17.html)
110 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

than its predecessor. While Feustel positioned himself to replace the camera, Grunsfeld mounted a 

protective blanket over Hubble’s low-gain antenna. They then permanently stored the old camera in 

the Wide-field Scientific Instrument Protective Enclosure and installed the new camera. The astronauts also replaced the failed Science Instrument Command and Data Handling Unit, a computer 

that receives commands and transmits data to Earth. Then, on Hubble’s aft bulkhead, they installed 

the Soft Capture Mechanism, a circular device that eases future capture and release of the Hubble by 

pilotless spacecraft. Furthermore, they installed two of three latch kits on the doors to assist following 

spacewalks. The kits quicken the opening and closing of Hubble’s doors.5

15 MAY

2009 EVA 6

World EVA 309

U.S. EVA 207

Shuttle EVA 130

Duration: 7:56

Spacecraft/mission: STS-125

Crew: Scott Altman, Gregory Johnson, Michael Massimino, Michael Good, 

K. Megan McArthur, John Grunsfeld, Andrew Feuste

Spacewalkers: Michael Massimino, Michael Good

Purpose: Hubble Servicing Mission 4, the second of five scheduled EVAs

For the majority of the spacewalk, Good and Massimino replaced three Rate Sensor Units. Massimino 

rode Atlantis’ robotic arm to retrieve the units and store them in the Shuttle’s cargo bay. Good assisted 

Massimino and maneuvered between the worksite and the cargo bay for each Rate Sensor Unit. The 

pair then replaced one of the telescope’s two Battery Module Units. It required Good to unscrew 14 

bolts to remove the 460-pound (208.65-kilogram) used battery and install its replacement. The second 

battery replacement was completed during the crew’s final spacewalk.6

16 MAY

2009 EVA 7

World EVA 310

U.S. EVA 208

Shuttle EVA 131

Duration: 6:36

Spacecraft/mission: STS-125 

Crew: Scott Altman, Gregory Johnson, Michael Massimino, Michael Good, 

K. Megan McArthur, John Grunsfeld, Andrew Feuste

Spacewalkers: John Grunsfeld, Andrew Feustel

Purpose: Hubble Servicing Mission 4, the third of five scheduled EVAs

5. “Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4: The Soft Capture and Rendezvous System,” Lori Tyahla, editor, accessed 1

June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/servicing/SM4/main/SCRS_FS_HTML.html); “Mission Accomplished: 

Leaving Hubble Better Than Ever,” Cheryl L. Mansfield, accessed 15 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle

shuttlemissions/sts125/launch/125_overview.html); “STS-125: The Final Visit to Hubble,” National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration, accessed 20 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/331922main_sts125_presskit_050609.pdf)

6. “Mission Accomplished: Leaving Hubble Better Than Ever,” Cheryl L. Mansfield, accessed 15 June 2014, (http://w

nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/launch/125_overview.html); “STS-125: The Final Visit to Hubble,” 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 20 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/331922main_sts125_

presskit_050609.pdf)
The Chronology // 2009 111

Feustel and Grunsfeld replaced the Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement (COSTAR) 

with the new Cosmic Origins Spectrograph. The removal of COSTAR required Feustel to ride the robotic 

arm and unhook four security connectors, sever a ground strap, and unbolt two latches. They stored the 

old instrument in Atlantis’s cargo bay and retrieved its replacement. Again, Feustel was attached to the 

arm. The pair secured the spectrograph with four connectors and a ground strap. Next, they also repaired 

the failed ACS by installing a new power supply and replacing four detector circuit boards.7

17 MAY

2009 EVA 8

World EVA 311

U.S. EVA 209 

Shuttle EVA 132

Duration: 8:02

Spacecraft/mission: STS-125

Crew: Scott Altman, Gregory Johnson, Michael Massimino, Michael Good, 

K. Megan McArthur, John Grunsfeld, Andrew Feuste

Spacewalkers: Michael Massimino, Michael Good

Purpose: Hubble Servicing Mission 4, the fourth of five scheduled EVAs

Massimino and Good replaced a failed power supply board in the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph 

(STIS). To reach the old power supply, the spacewalkers removed a cover plate and a handrail—both 

required tools specifically designed for the mission. The cover alone required the removal of 111 fasteners, which also required a second fastener capture plate to prevent them from floating away. Next, 

they extracted the old power supply board with another tool specifically designed for the mission. Lead 

Flight Director Tony Ceccacci compared the complexity and dexterous demands of the repair to brain 

surgery. The repair required more time than expected, causing the installation of two protective thermal insulation panels to be delayed.8

18 MAY

2009 EVA 9

World EVA 312

U.S. EVA 210

Shuttle EVA 133

Duration: 7:02

Spacecraft/mission: STS-125

Crew: Scott Altman, Gregory Johnson, Michael Massimino, Michael Good, 

K. Megan McArthur, John Grunsfeld, Andrew Feuste

Spacewalkers: John Grunsfeld, Andrew Feustel

Purpose: Hubble Servicing Mission 4, the fifth of five scheduled EVAs

7. “Mission Accomplished: Leaving Hubble Better Than Ever,” Cheryl L. Mansfield, accessed 15 June 2014, (http://w

nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/launch/125_overview.html); “STS-125: The Final Visit to Hubble,” 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 20 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/331922main_sts125_

presskit_050609.pdf)

8. “Mission Accomplished: Leaving Hubble Better Than Ever,” Cheryl L. Mansfield, accessed 15 June 2014, (http://www.na

gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/launch/125_overview.html); “STS-125: The Final Visit,” Amiko Kauderer, 

editor, accessed 23 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/main/overview.html); 

“STS-125: The Final Visit to Hubble,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 20 June 2014, (http://www.

nasa.gov/pdf/331922main_sts125_presskit_050609.pdf)
112 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

Massimino and McArthur first replaced the second Battery Module Unit, a task left incomplete during 

the pair’s last spacewalk. Next, Grunsfeld rode the robotic arm to retrieve the old Fine Guidance 

Sensor, and delivered it to Atlantis’s cargo bay. He guided the new sensor back to the worksite and successfully linked its nine power connectors. Finally, the spacewalkers installed three New Outer Layer 

Blankets to the telescope’s three bays. During cleanup, Feustel and Grunsfeld inadvertently broke the 

tip of a low-gain antenna. They reinstalled its cover to shield the antenna permanently.9

24 May STS-125/Atlantis landing

27 May Soyuz-TMA 15/ISS Expeditions 20 and 21 launch

5 JUNE

2009 EVA 10

World EVA 313

Russian EVA 129/

U.S. EVA 211

Space Station EVA 149

ISS EVA 44

Duration: 4:54

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 20

Crew: Gennady Padalka (Russian Space Agency), Michael Barratt (NASA), 

Robert Thirsk (Canadian Space Agency), Roman Romanenko (Russian 

Space Agency), Koichi Wakata (JAXA), Frank De Winne (European 

Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Gennady Padalka, Michael Barratt

Purpose: Install two docking navigation antennas on Zenith port of 

service module

Padalka and Michael Barratt teamed up to work on the Zvezda module in preparation for the addition 

of the new Russian Mini-Research Module-2 (MRM-2), which would be installed later in 2009, and 

would dock on the Zvezda’s zenith port and become an additional port for the docking of Russian 

vehicles. On Zvezda, Padalka and Barratt installed docking antennas, a docking target, and electrical 

connectors specifically for the Kurs automated docking equipment. Once they completed the installation of the new equipment, Barratt rode the Strela crane, from which he photographed the new 

antennas. The EVA was delayed slightly and began at 3:52 a.m. because Russian teams on the ground 

said data they had received from the spacewalkers’ spacesuits revealed that they contained high levels 

of carbon dioxide. After the EVA was complete, Barratt and Padalka appeared unharmed, and they 

said that they “felt fine.”10

9. “Mission Accomplished: Leaving Hubble Better Than Ever,” Cheryl L. Mansfield, accessed 15 June 2014, (http://w

nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/launch/125_overview.html); “STS-125: The Final Visit to Hubble,” 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 20 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/331922main_sts125_

presskit_050609.pdf)

10.“Russian Spacewalk to Prepare for New Module Complete,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 20 June 2014, (http://www

nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition20/eva22.html)
The Chronology // 2009 113

10 JUNE

2009 EVA 11

World EVA 314

Russian EVA 130/

U.S. EVA 212

Space Station EVA 150

ISS EVA 45

Duration: 0:12

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 20

Crew: Gennady Padalka (Russian Space Agency), Michael Barratt (NASA), 

Robert Thirsk (Canadian Space Agency), Roman Romanenko (Russian 

Space Agency), Koichi Wakata (JAXA), Frank De Winne (European 

Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Gennady Padalka, Michael Barratt

Purpose: Replaced Zvezda hatch with a docking cone

At only 12 minutes, this was the shortest spacewalk ever performed. Taking place entirely inside the 

Zvezda Service Module, with the spacewalkers’ suits still attached to umbilicals, it has been called an 

“internal” spacewalk, but is nonetheless considered a spacewalk because Barratt and Padalka worked 

in a depressurized space. The EVA crew replaced a hatch with a docking point. With Barratt and 

Padalka quickly completing the task, Zvezda became ready for the docking of MRM-2.11

15 July STS-127/Endeavour launch

18 JULY

2009 EVA 12

World EVA 315

U.S. EVA 213

Shuttle EVA 134

Duration: 5:32

Spacecraft/mission: STS-127

Crew: Mark Polansky, Douglas Hurley, David Wolf, Christopher Cassidy, 

Julie Payette, Thomas Marshburn, Timothy Kopra (began tour aboard the 

ISS), Koichi Wakata (JAXA, returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: David Wolf, Timothy Kopra

Purpose: First of five scheduled EVAs. Jettison Kibo’s CBM; remove Kibo

launch heater cable; reposition Kibo robotic arm ground tab; install CBM 

blankets on Unity and Harmony; reconfigure CETA cart brake and foot 

restraints; install UCCAS and the payload attachment system; remove cover 

from the Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image

The STS-127 crew was the third to perform five spacewalks. Their main objective was to complete the 

installation of the Kibo Laboratory, in addition to finalizing uncompleted tasks from the STS-119 mission. Experienced spacewalker Wolf led the five EVAs and guided first-time spacewalkers Christopher 

Cassidy, Timothy Kopra, and Thomas Marshburn. During the first walk, Wolf and Kopra concluded 

preparations to install Kibo permanently. The actual installation was later completed robotically. 

Wolf jettisoned the insulating blankets covering the CBM on Kibo and removed the laboratory’s 

11.“Expedition 19 and 20: Full Partners,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 21 June 2014, (http://www

nasa.gov/pdf/320539main_Expedition_19_20_Press_Kit.pdf); “Russian ‘Internal’ Spacewalk Complete,” Amiko Kauderer, 

editor, accessed 21 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition20/eva23.html)
114 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

launch heater cable. He also repositioned grounding tabs that obscured the robotic arm’s camera view. 

Meanwhile, in Endeavour’s cargo bay, Kopra released the exposed facility’s four fasteners, insulation 

covers, and temporary power cable. The exposed facility is a platform that houses up to 10 experiments 

on Kibo’s exterior. Kopra confirmed the grasp of the Shuttle’s robotic arm on the exposed facility, 

allowing it to pass the device to Canadarm2. The spacewalkers then focused on retrieving the Station’s 

new spare equipment, delivered in Endeavour’s cargo bay. After removing a contamination cover from 

the Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image (MAXI) in the bay, Kopra made his way to the Harmony node 

and secured a CBM cover. Next, he retrieved tools on the zenith truss and removed the cover on the 

Unity node’s CBM. Meanwhile, Wolf moved to the Japanese laboratory and unscrewed the ammonia 

tank’s four bolts, preparing for the succeeding EVA’s tasks. He then made his way to the CETA cart, 

on the Station’s port side, and repositioned its brake handles and foot restraints to avoid an interference with the SARJ. Next, Wolf and Kopra worked together to assemble the UCCAS and the Payload 

Attachment System (PAS). Though they have different names, the two are nearly identical systems. 

The devices store cargo on the trusses.12

20 JULY

2009 EVA 13

World EVA 316

U.S. EVA 214

Shuttle EVA 135

Duration: 6:53

Spacecraft/mission: STS-127

Crew: Mark Polansky, Douglas Hurley, David Wolf, Christopher Cassidy, 

Julie Payette, Thomas Marshburn, Timothy Kopra (began tour aboard the 

ISS), Koichi Wakata (JAXA, returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: David Wolf, Thomas Marshburn

Purpose: Second of five scheduled EVAs. Install space-to-ground antenna;

install space pump module, install linear drive unit; assemble camera on 

exposed facility

Prior to the start of the EVA, the crew remotely unpacked the spare Station equipment with Endeavour’s 

robotic arm. Wolf rode Canadarm2 and separately transferred three large spare devices from the 

Shuttle payload bay to the P3 truss’s external stowage platform, and Marshburn would then install 

the equipment. Transferring and installing the space-to-ground antenna, the space pump module, and 

the linear drive unit required 3.5 hours. For the remainder of the EVA, the spacewalkers assembled 

cameras on Kibo’s exposed facility.13

12.“STS-126: A Porch in Space,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 10 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov

pdf/358018main_sts127_presskit.pdf); “STS-126: Extreme Home Improvements,” National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration, accessed 5 June 2015, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/287211main_sts126_press_kit2.pdf)

13.“Completing Kibo: STS-127 Marks New Era for Science,” Ann Heiney, accessed 10 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission

pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/launch/127_overview.html); “STS-126: A Porch in Space,” National Aeronautics and 

Space Administration, 10 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/358018main_sts127_presskit.pdf)
The Chronology // 2009 115

22 JULY

2009 EVA 14

World EVA 317

U.S. EVA 215

Shuttle EVA 136

Duration: 5:59

Spacecraft/mission: STS-127 

Crew: Mark Polansky, Douglas Hurley, David Wolf, Christopher Cassidy, 

Julie Payette, Thomas Marshburn, Timothy Kopra (began tour aboard the 

ISS), Koichi Wakata (JAXA, returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: David Wolf, Christopher Cassidy

Purpose: Third of five scheduled EVAs. Install exposed section on Kibo;

install four batteries on P6 truss; stow old batteries in Shuttle cargo bay

At the start of the excursion, Wolf relocated the tools and handrails from Harmony to Columbus, 

their new worksite. Meanwhile, Cassidy readied three uninstalled storage apparatuses for the exposed 

portion of the facility, called “exposed section.” While in Endeavour’s cargo bay, he removed their 

thermal insulation. From within the Shuttle, Julie Payette later installed the exposed sections using 

the robotic arm. Next, Cassidy retrieved two covers from the inter orbit communication system and 

released its antenna-holding device. Though they were scheduled to replace four of the six batteries in 

the P6 truss, Cassidy’s high work rate caused an unexpected increase of carbon dioxide in his suit and 

forced the walk to end early. They changed two batteries and delayed replacing the remaining four 

until the following excursion.14

24 JULY

2009 EVA 15

World EVA 318

U.S. EVA 216

Shuttle EVA 137

Duration: 7:12

Spacecraft/mission: STS-127 

Crew: Mark Polansky, Douglas Hurley, David Wolf, Christopher Cassidy, 

Julie Payette, Thomas Marshburn, Timothy Kopra (began tour aboard the 

ISS), Koichi Wakata (JAXA, returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: Thomas Marshburn, Christopher Cassidy

Purpose: Fourth of five scheduled EVAs. Replace four batteries on P6 truss;

install exposed facility camera

Cassidy and Marshburn replaced four batteries on the P6 truss and finalized the task from the previous 

spacewalk. They stowed the used batteries in Endeavour’s payload bay for return to Earth. The pair 

delayed assembling the exposed facility camera, a scheduled task, until the succeeding walk.15

14.“Completing Kibo: STS-127 Marks New Era for Science,” Ann Heiney, accessed 10 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov

mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/launch/127_overview.html); “STS-126: A Porch in Space,” National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration, 10 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/358018main_sts127_presskit.pdf); “What is the Japanese 

Experiment Module, ‘Kibo’?,” Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency, accessed 10 June 2014, (http://iss.jaxa.jp/kids/en/

station/05.html)

15.“STS-126: A Porch in Space,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 10 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov

pdf/358018main_sts127_presskit.pdf); “STS-127: Mission Archive,” William Harwood, accessed June 10, 2014, (http://www.

cbsnews.com/network/news/space/127/STS-127_Archive.html)
116 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

27 JULY

2009 EVA 16

World EVA 319

U.S. EVA 217

Shuttle EVA 138

Duration: 4:54

Spacecraft/mission: STS-127 

Crew: Mark Polansky, Douglas Hurley, David Wolf, Christopher Cassidy, 

Julie Payette, Thomas Marshburn, Timothy Kopra (began tour aboard the 

ISS), Koichi Wakata (JAXA, returned to Earth)

Spacewalkers: Thomas Marshburn, Christopher Cassidy

Purpose: Fifth of five scheduled EVAs. Secure thermal covers over Dextre’s

orbital replacement unit tool; install two external video cameras to Kibo; 

reconfigure electrical connectors on the Z1 truss; install two external facility 

video cameras; install handrail and foot restraint on Kibo

Cassidy and Marshburn focused on completing get-ahead tasks for the upcoming STS-128 mission. 

Marshburn secured two thermal insulations on Dextre’s wrist joints, known as the “orbital replacement unit tool.” Meanwhile, Cassidy reconfigured two electrical connectors on the Z1 truss’s patch 

panel to restore power to the CMG. They also mounted two external video cameras on the Japanese 

laboratory’s exposed facility—a task initially scheduled for the previous spacewalk. Additionally, on 

Kibo, they mounted a handrail, a foot restraint, and a gap spanner, which is a fabric strap that can 

be used to route fluid umbilicals, act as a handrail, or anchor for tethers. The CO2 scrubber abruptly 

failed and forced the spacewalkers to desert the installation of two PAS and WETA to the S3 truss.16

31 July STS-127/Endeavour landing

28 August STS-128/Discovery launch

1 SEPTEMBER

2009 EVA 17

World EVA 320

U.S. EVA 218

Shuttle EVA 139

Duration: 6:35 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-128 

Crew: Frederick Sturckow, Kevin Ford, Jose Hernandez, Danny Olivas, 

Nicole Stott (began tour aboard the ISS), Patrick Forrester, Timothy Kopra 

(returned to Earth), Christer Fuglesang (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Danny Olivas, Nicole Stott

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Remove empty ammonia tank;

retrieve MISSE and EuTEF experiments

During her first EVA, Nicole Stott was guided by veteran spacewalker Olivas. They performed maintenance tasks on the Station. The spacewalkers first removed a depleted ammonia tank from the P1 truss. 

They disconnected its two ammonia, two nitrogen, and two electrical lines. With the assistance of the 

Canadarm2, Olivas and Stott temporarily stored the empty tank until the succeeding spacewalk. The 

16.Ibi
The Chronology // 2009 117

pair then retrieved MISSE and EuTEF experiments from the ESA’s Columbus laboratory and returned 

them to the Shuttle.17

3 SEPTEMBER

2009 EVA 18

World EVA 321

ESA EVA 10/U.S. EVA 219

Shuttle EVA 140

Duration: 6:39 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-128 

Crew: Frederick Sturckow, Kevin Ford, Jose Hernandez, Danny Olivas, 

Nicole Stott (began tour aboard the ISS), Patrick Forrester, Timothy Kopra 

(returned to Earth), Christer Fuglesang (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Danny Olivas, Christer Fuglesang

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Install new ammonia tank on P1

truss; stow depleted ammonia tank in Discovery cargo bay

The second spacewalk centered on the storing of the depleted ammonia tank and installing a new tank 

on the P1 truss. While Olivas detached the insulation covers on the new tank, Fuglesang positioned 

himself on the Canadarm2 foot restraints. Next, they unscrewed four bolts securing the new tank to 

Discovery. Astronauts Kevin Ford and Stott operated the Canadarm2 and drove Fuglesang and the 

tanks to the installation site. The spacewalkers fastened the new tank with four bolts and connected 

two power cables and four fluid lines. With the Canadarm2, Fuglesang and Olivas stowed the old tank 

and secured it to the Shuttle’s cargo bay. It returned to Earth with Discovery and was later refilled and 

returned to the Station.18

5 SEPTEMBER

2009 EVA 19

World EVA 322

ESA EVA 11/U.S. EVA 220

Shuttle EVA 141

Duration: 7:01 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-128 

Crew: Frederick Sturckow, Kevin Ford, Jose Hernandez, Danny Olivas, 

Nicole Stott (began tour aboard the ISS), Patrick Forrester, Timothy Kopra 

(returned to Earth), Christer Fuglesang (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Danny Olivas, Christer Fuglesang

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Install cargo attachment system

on S3 truss; replace CMG-2; prepare heater lines on PMA-3 for Tranquility 

docking; replace faulty RPCM

During the last EVA by STS-128, Fuglesang and Olivas focused on completing unfinished tasks from 

previous missions, in addition to preparing the Station for future spacewalks and the berthing of the 

17.“STS-128: Outfits Station for New Science,” Steve Siceloff, accessed 15 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages

shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts128/launch/128_overview.html); “STS-128 Racking Up New Science,” National Aeronautics and 

Space Administration, accessed 15 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/379392main_STS-128_Press_Kit.pdf)

18.Ibi
118 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

Node 3, commonly known as the Tranquility module. The pair successfully deployed a cargo attachment system on the S3 truss, which the STS-127 crew did not have time to complete due to a setback 

caused by the CO2 scrubber. Next, they replaced the failing CMG-2 and temporarily stowed it nearby. 

The spacewalkers then separated and undertook individual tasks. Olivas readied the heater lines to 

keep PMA-3 warm when Tranquility and Unity later coupled. Fuglesang moved to the S0 truss and 

simply removed a bolt to retrieve the faulty RPCM. He slid the new device in place and reinstalled the 

same screw. Additionally, he installed one of two insulation cables on the truss that later connected 

with the new node. Fuglesang was unable to connect the other cable. At the end of the spacewalk, 

Olivas detached a damaged slidewire on Unity, another necessary task to dock Tranquility. By the end 

of the excursion, spacewalkers spent more than 830 hours building the Station.19

11 September STS-128/Discovery landing

30 September Soyuz-TMA 16/ISS Expeditions 21 and 22 launch

11 October Soyuz-TMA 14/ISS Expedition 20 landing

16 November STS-129/Atlantis launch

19 NOVEMBER

2009 EVA 20

World EVA 323

U.S. EVA 221

Shuttle EVA 142

Duration: 6:37

Spacecraft/mission: STS-129 

Crew: Charles Hobaugh, Barry Wilmore, Michael Foreman, Leland Melvin, 

Robert Satcher, Nicole Stott (returned to Earth), Randolph Bresnik

Spacewalkers: Michael Foreman, Robert Satcher

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Install S-band antenna; replace

handrail on Unity with line bracket; lubricate mobile transporter; lubricate 

Kibo robot arms

The weight and volume of this mission’s cargo could only be delivered by Atlantis, the only Shuttle 

able to launch with a payload so large. The STS-129 mission was dedicated to restocking various 

instruments and preparing for the arrival of Tranquility. Most parts were installed robotically, but 

some required manual assembly. Experienced spacewalker Foreman guided Robert Satcher during his 

first EVA. Satcher climbed onto a Canadarm2 foot restraint and guided the S-band antenna to the Z1 

truss, where Foreman then installed it. While he waited for Satcher, Foreman installed an ingress aid 

in the airlock and stowed another in the CETA cart. The spacewalkers then separated and undertook 

individual tasks. Foreman secured cables for future space-to-ground antennae, replaced a handrail 

with a bracket later used to hold Tranquility’s ammonia cable, repositioned Unity’s cable connectors, 

19.Ibi
The Chronology // 2009 119

and secured its tool tethers. Meanwhile, Satchel used a grease gun to lubricate Kibo’s robotic arms, the 

mobile transporter’s tethers, and the attached equipment.20

21 NOVEMBER

2009 EVA 21

World EVA 324

U.S. EVA 222

Shuttle EVA 143

Duration: 6:08 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-129 

Crew: Charles Hobaugh, Barry Wilmore, Michael Foreman, Leland Melvin, 

Robert Satcher, Nicole Stott (returned to Earth), Randolph Bresnik

Spacewalkers: Michael Foreman, Randolph Bresnik

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Install the Grappling Adaptor

to On-Orbit Railing (GATOR); install two PAS and video camera on S3 

truss; install WETA on S3 truss; relocate FPMU from S1 truss to P1 truss; 

photograph faulty seals on Harmony CBM

Randolph Bresnik and Foreman collaborated to complete the scheduled tasks. They first undertook the 

GATOR installation onto Columbus. Astrium Bremen in Germany designed GATOR, a device comprised of two components: a ham radio antenna and a ship-tracking antenna system called “Automatic 

Identification System.” The United States Coast Guard’s Vessel Traffic Services uses the latter to 

exchange data between ships. Bresnik and Foreman then relocated the FPMU from the S1 truss to 

the P1 truss. Next, the spacewalkers deployed the remaining two PAS and a wireless camera on the S3 

truss. Once mounted on the truss, PAS houses spare parts delivered by future missions. Bresnik and 

Foreman installed the Station’s second WETA on the S3 truss and concluded the walk.21

23 NOVEMBER

2009 EVA 22

World EVA 325

U.S. EVA 223

Shuttle EVA 144

Duration: 5:42

Spacecraft/mission: STS-129

Crew: Charles Hobaugh, Barry Wilmore, Michael Foreman, Leland Melvin, 

Robert Satcher, Nicole Stott (returned to Earth), Randolph Bresnik

Spacewalkers: Robert Satcher, Randolph Bresnik

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Install O tank outside Quest 

airlock; install MISSE 7 experiment; install common attach system on S3 

truss; install thermal covers on MBS; install two fluid jumpers

20.“AIS on ISS: Assembling the Experiment,” accessed 2 June 2014, European Space Agency, (http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities

Technology/AIS_on_ISS_Assembling_the_experiment); “STS-129 Flight Day 6 Gallery,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 

2 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts129/multimedia/fd6/fd6_gallery.html); “STS129: Stocking the Station,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 2 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/

pdf/398418main_sts129_press_kit.pdf)

21.Ibi
120 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

A drinking-water valve in Satcher’s spacesuit dislodged and postponed the last EVA of 2009 for more 

than an hour. After they reopened his helmet and reaffixed the valve, the spacewalk began. Satcher 

and Bresnik immediately retrieved the high pressure O2 tank from Atlantis’s cargo bay and installed 

it outside Quest. The tank was later used to pressurize and depressurize the airlock. Bresnik then 

installed the MISSE 7 experiment on the Expedite the Processing of Experiments to the Space Station 

(ExPRESS) Logistics Carrier, which is a truss-mounted pallet that attaches experiments to the Station’s 

exterior. At the end of the excursion, the spacewalkers deployed another CAS on the S3 truss. Though 

they had a late start, the spacewalk ended nearly on time.22

27 November STS-129/Atlantis landing

1 December Soyuz-TMA 15/ISS Expeditions 20 and 21 landing

20 December Soyuz-TMA 17/ISS Expeditions 22 and 23 launch

22.Ibi
The Chronology // 2010 121

2010

14 JANUARY

2010 EVA 1

World EVA 326

Russian EVA 131

Space Station EVA 151

ISS EVA 46

Duration: 5:44 

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 22

Crew: Jeffrey Williams (NASA), Timothy Creamer (NASA), Oleg Kotov 

(Russian Space Agency), Soichi Noguchi (JAXA), Maxim Suraev (Russian 

Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Maxim Suraev, Oleg Kotov

Purpose: Prep MRM-2 for Soyuz/Progress usage by installing Kurs 

navigation antennas and cables and docking targets; install two hatch 

handrails; jettison excess thermal blankets; retrieve Biorisk experiment

This was the only spacewalk carried out during ISS Expedition 22. Maxim Suraev and Kotov performed work on MRM-2, which docked to Zvezda in November 2009. Their work was similar to the 

work that Barratt and Padalka did on Zvezda in preparation for the arrival of MRM-2. The cosmonauts installed Kurs navigation antennas, cables, and a docking target on the new module. They also 

installed handrails to assist in EVA work. After finishing their work on MRM-2, Suraev and Kotov 

retrieved the Biorisk experiment canister from outside the Station and brought it inside, concluding 

their spacewalk.1

8 February STS-130/Endeavour launch

11 FEBRUARY

2010 EVA 2

World EVA 327

U.S. EVA 224

Shuttle EVA 145

Duration: 6:32 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-130

Crew: George Zamka, Terry Virts, Robert Behnken, Kathryn Hire, Nicholas 

Patrick, Stephen Robinson

Spacewalkers: Robert Behnken, Nicholas Patrick 

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Remove covers and heater cables

from stowed Tranquility node; install Tranquility to Unity; prepare temporary 

platform in worksite; connect Tranquility to avionics and heater cables; 

release Tranquility gap spanners

1. “Expedition 19 and 20: Full Partners,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 21 June 2014, (http://ww

nasa.gov/pdf/320539main_Expedition_19_20_Press_Kit.pdf); “Station Crew Completes First Expedition 22 Spacewalk, Amiko 

Kauderer, editor, accessed 3 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition22/exp22_eva.html)
122 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

The STS-130 mission delivered the remaining two U.S.-made components to the ISS: the Tranquility 

node and the 7-windowed Cupola control room. Tranquility, one of the final modules added to the ISS, 

provides additional space for life support and environmental control systems. It also provides another 

docking port for supply ships and Shuttles. The Cupola is a work module connected to Tranquility. 

It is known for its six expansive side windows and a wide ceiling window. Behnken first moved to the 

worksite and prepared Unity for its new attachment. He readied a camera on the 10-year-old node, 

which offered another view during docking. Behnken also detached eight contamination covers that 

protected the berthing port. Meanwhile, Patrick removed Tranquility’s protective covers and detached 

its insulation cables from Endeavour. Next, from within the Station, astronauts Terry Virts and 

Kathryn Hire robotically transferred Tranquility out of the payload bay and docked it to Unity. The 

spacewalkers then prepared Dextre and the required tools for cable installations. Behnken and Patrick 

linked the new node to Unity’s heater lines and eight avionics cables. During the next EVA, the pair 

further integrated Tranquility to the Station.2

2. “Space Station’s Tranquility,” Cheryl Mansfield, accessed 12 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/centers/kenned

stationpayloads/tranquility.html); “Station Gain Unparalleled Views,” Cheryl Mansfield, accessed 12 June 2014, (http://www.

nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts130/launch/130_overview.html); “STS-130: A Room with a View,” National 

Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 12 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/423514main_sts130_press_kit_2.pdf)

FIGURE 9. Cupola. NASA astronaut Robert Behnken, STS-130 mission specialist, poses for a photo near 

the windows in the ISS Cupola while Space Shuttle Endeavour remains docked with the Station

(NASA S130-E-010477)
The Chronology // 2010 123

13 FEBRUARY

2010 EVA 3

World EVA 328

U.S. EVA 225

Shuttle EVA 146

Duration: 5:54

Spacecraft/mission: STS-130

Crew: George Zamka, Terry Virts, Robert Behnken, Kathryn Hire, Nicholas 

Patrick, Stephen Robinson

Spacewalkers: Robert Behnken, Nicholas Patrick

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Install ammonia lines from

Destiny to Tranquility; install heater cables and thermal covers on Tranquility; 

install negative pressure vent, eight handrails, and gap spanners; install 

centerline camera by berthing port

Behnken and Patrick continued assembling Tranquility and prepared the Cupola for installation. 

During the 4 initial hours, the pair coupled two ammonia loops between Tranquility and the Destiny 

laboratory. Each loop, comprised of two fluid lines, was strung from Destiny, through brackets on 

Unity, and finally to Tranquility. The spacewalkers then focused on assembling the new node’s external 

components. Behnken mounted an insulation cover over Tranquility keel pins and four trunnions. He 

also assembled a centerline camera and removed launch locks on Tranquility, to allow for the Cupola 

attachment during the next excursion. Meanwhile, Patrick installed eight handrails and the exhaust 

valve of an atmospheric control and resupply system.3

16 FEBRUARY

2010 EVA 4

World EVA 329

U.S. EVA 226

Shuttle EVA 147

Duration: 5:48

Spacecraft/mission: STS-130

Crew: George Zamka, Terry Virts, Robert Behnken, Kathryn Hire, Nicholas 

Patrick, Stephen Robinson

Spacewalkers: Nicholas Patrick, Robert Behnken

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Connect heater and data cables

to PMA-3; open ammonia loop 3 to Tranquility; remove Cupola thermal 

covers and release launch locks on windows; install five handrails and foot 

restraints on Tranquility; route video signal converter; cover Harmony node’s 

centerline camera

Prior to the excursion, Hire and Virts robotically transferred the PMA-3 and the Cupola to their final 

home on Tranquility. During the last EVA, Behnken and Patrick completed exterior assemblage on 

the node and its Cupola. First, they ran ammonia through the second fluid line between Destiny and 

the new node. Behnken continued installing five more handrails and foot restraints on Tranquility. 

Meanwhile, Patrick connected heater and data cables between PMA-3 and the new node. He also 

3. “Station Gains Unparalleled Views,” Cheryl Mansfield, accessed 12 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_page

shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts130/launch/130_overview.html); “STS-130: A Room with a View,” National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration, accessed 12 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/423514main_sts130_press_kit_2.pdf)
124 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

removed the six insulation covers on the Cupola windows and the launch locks securing the window 

shutters. For the first time, the windows were open and exposed to the space environment. Finally, 

the spacewalkers routed video signal converter cables from the complex of cable connections on the 

S0 truss to the Zarya module. This allowed operation of the Station’s Canadarm2 from the Russian 

portion of the Station.4

21 February STS-130/Endeavour landing

18 March Soyuz-TMA 16/ISS Expeditions 21 and 22 landing

2 April Soyuz-TMA 18/ISS Expeditions 23 and 24 launch

5 April STS-131/Discovery launch

9 APRIL

2010 EVA 5

World EVA 330

U.S. EVA 227

Shuttle EVA 148

Duration: 6:27 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-131 

Crew: Alan Poindexter, James Dutton, Clayton Anderson, Rick Mastracchio, 

Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger, Stephanie Wilson, Naoko Yamazaki (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Rick Mastracchio, Clayton Anderson

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Temporarily stow new ammonia

tank on robotic arm; retrieve MPAC-SEED experiment from Kibo; replace 

rate gyro assembly; prepare for battery replacement

The main objective of the three STS-131 mission spacewalks was to assemble a new ammonia tank 

and store the depleted tank in Discovery’s cargo bay. Though seemingly simple, it required a complex 

sequence of unloading and restoring both tanks and changing the Canadarm2 base twice. Anderson 

and Mastracchio also found some time between their primary work to complete get-ahead tasks. At the 

start of the excursion, Mastracchio prepared the new tank for assembly while Anderson began detaching the exhausted tank. Mastracchio first prepared the new ammonia tank in Discovery’s cargo bay. 

He unbolted the tank’s four launch locks and then mounted a handle on the tank, which the robotic 

arm later clutched. Meanwhile, Anderson uncoupled the depleted tank’s four ammonia and nitrogen 

lines. They then met at the cargo bay and positioned the new tank to be grasped by the robotic arm and 

driven to the Quest airlock. They again separated and took on different work. Anderson cleaned up 

the worksite and Mastracchio retrieved the MPAC/SEED for return to Earth. The pair then installed 

a second handle on the new ammonia tank, which the robotic arm grasped to pull to a temporary 

stowage area. As the tank transferred, the spacewalkers took on the get-ahead tasks. They replaced the 

rate gyro assembly and readied P6 truss batteries for replacement.5

4. Ib

5. “Mission Archives: STS-131,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 8 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/sts131/main/index.html); “STS-131: Experiment Express,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 

accessed 13 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/440897main_sts_131_press_kit.pdf)
The Chronology // 2010 125

11 APRIL

2010 EVA 6

World EVA 331

U.S. EVA 228

Shuttle EVA 149

Duration: 7:26

Spacecraft/mission: STS-131 

Crew: Alan Poindexter, James Dutton, Clayton Anderson, Rick Mastracchio, 

Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger, Stephanie Wilson, Naoko Yamazaki (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Rick Mastracchio, Clayton Anderson

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Remove old ammonia tank and

temporarily stow on CETA cart; assemble new ammonia tank; install two 

radiator grapple beams; retrieve debris shields in external stowage platform

Anderson and Mastracchio focused on storing the exhausted tank for the majority of the excursion. 

They disconnected its two power cables and four bolts, and then handed the tank to the robotic arm. 

Next, it was transferred and secured to the CETA cart with six tethers for temporary storage. While 

they waited for the arm to seize the new ammonia tank, Anderson and Mastracchio installed two 

radiator grapple stowage beams on the P1 truss. Future missions utilized the beams to store spare 

equipment. Next, the spacewalkers returned to the S1 truss and successfully secured the new tank with 

four bolts, though they had trouble screwing in one. They then connected the tank to its six cables. 

Anderson and Mastracchio untied the old tank from the CETA cart, permitting the robotic arm to 

stow it on the Mobile Transporter temporarily. Their last task before finalizing the excursion was 

returning two debris shields from the external stowage platform 2 to Quest.6

13 APRIL

2010 EVA 7

World EVA 332

U.S. EVA 229

Shuttle EVA 150

Duration: 6:24 

Spacecraft/mission: STS-131

Crew: Alan Poindexter, James Dutton, Clayton Anderson, Rick Mastracchio, 

Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger, Stephanie Wilson, Naoko Yamazaki (JAXA)

Spacewalkers: Rick Mastracchio, Clayton Anderson

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Complete new ammonia tank

installation; stow old ammonia tank in Discovery’s payload bay

Prior to the spacewalk, the crew remotely operated the robotic arm to retrieve the spent tank from the 

mobile transporter. Anderson and Mastracchio first finalized the installation of the new tank, and then 

worked on the spent tank in Discovery’s payload bay and secured it with four bolts. Approximately 

an hour into the walk, they completed their main objective. The pair dedicated the remainder of the 

excursion to get-ahead tasks. Anderson rode the robotic arm to the Columbus laboratory and stowed 

a lightweight adapter plate assembly in the payload bay. The device stored experiments on Columbus’s 

6. “Mission Archives: STS-131,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 8 March 2014 (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttl

shuttlemissions/sts131/main/index.html); “STS-131: Experiment Express,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 

accessed 13 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/440897main_sts_131_press_kit.pdf)
126 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

exterior. Next, Anderson installed a second video camera and removed a redundant insulation blanket on Dextre. In the meantime, Mastracchio replaced a failed light on Destiny, and then installed 

two radiator grapple fixture stowage beams on the Station’s starboard side. Finally, he installed the 

Worksite Interface Extender ORU on the ISS robotic arm Mobile Transporter.7

20 April STS-131/Discovery landing

14 May STS-132/Atlantis launch

17 MAY

2010 EVA 8

World EVA 333

U.S. EVA 230

Shuttle EVA 151

Duration: 7:25

Spacecraft/mission: STS-132 

Crew: Kenneth Ham, Dominic Antonelli, Michael Good, Garrett Reisman, 

Piers Sellers, Stephen Bowen

Spacewalkers: Stephen Bowen, Garrett Reisman

Purpose: First of three scheduled EVAs. Install spare Ku antenna boom and

dish on Z1 truss; install storage platform for Dextre; loosen P6 battery bolts

The main objective of the STS-132 mission was to ensure all Station components were in outstanding 

condition and well enough to endure far into the future. With the end of the Space Shuttle Program 

in sight, NASA wanted to put the final touches on the Station. In Atlantis’s payload bay, the crew 

delivered various spare components and Rassvet, a Russian laboratory module also known as the MiniResearch Module-1 (MRM-1). The almost 20-foot (6.09-meter) long and 17,700-pound (7.71-kilogram) laboratory is a relatively small module. The spacewalkers’ priority was the battery replacement, 

though they also found time to complete other tasks. Once they delivered tools and spare parts to the 

worksite, Bowen and Reisman turned their attention to first installing the spare Ku antenna boom. 

They then attached the 6-foot (1.83-meter) diameter high-speed communications dish antenna to the 

boom. The antenna provides two-way data and video connections between ground controllers and 

Station residents. Bowen mounted the standby 6-foot (1.83-meter) Ku antenna boom with two bolts 

onto the Z1 truss. He then connected its six power and data cables. Above Destiny, the pair then 

assembled a new storage platform for Dextre. With time remaining, the spacewalkers completed a 

get-ahead task for the two following EVAs. Bowen and Reisman loosened the 12 bolts holding the P6 

truss’s batteries and concluded the walk.8

7. “Final Planned Flight of Atlantis Delivers New ‘Dawn’,” Anna Heiney, accessed 14 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/missio

pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts132/launch/132_overview.html); “STS-132: Finishing Tools,” National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration, accessed 14 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/451029main_sts132_press_kit2.pdf)

8. “Final Planned Flight of Atlantis Delivers New ‘Dawn’,” Anna Heiney, accessed 14 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/missio

pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts132/launch/132_overview.html); “STS-132: Finishing Tools,” National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration, accessed 14 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/451029main_sts132_press_kit2.pdf)
The Chronology // 2010 127

19 MAY

2010 EVA 9

World EVA 334

U.S. EVA 231

Shuttle EVA 152

Duration: 7:09

Spacecraft/mission: STS-132

Crew: Kenneth Ham, Dominic Antonelli, Michael Good, Garrett Reisman, 

Piers Sellers, Stephen Bowen 

Spacewalkers: Stephen Bowen, Michael Good

Purpose: Second of three scheduled EVAs. Unsnag cable of orbiter

inspection boom sensor; replace four batteries on P6 truss; bolt Ku antenna 

dish to its boom; release locks on dish and allow it to rotate

The second excursion of the mission was designed to be entirely devoted to replacing old batteries on 

the P6 truss; however, a snagged cable connected to the orbiter inspection boom sensor delayed the 

main objective. In addition to unsnagging the cable, Bowen and Good bolted the Ku antenna dish to 

its boom and released the locks restricting its rotation. Even with the delay, the spacewalkers replaced 

four batteries, one more battery than scheduled. The batteries are on the truss’s B side arrays. The truss 

has two sets of solar arrays, known as the “A side” and the “B side.” The Side A batteries were replaced 

during the STS-127 mission. Due to the need for careful removal, handling, transfer, and temporary 

stowage of the failed batteries and then the handling and replacement of the new batteries, the crew 

referred to these EVA operations as the “shepherding technique.” Various EVA tools and equipment 

were used to remove the batteries, including the EVA Power Tool, ORU handling tools, and the 

Integrated Cargo Carrier-Vertical Light Deployable (ICC-VLD) for storing the batteries.9

21 MAY

2010 EVA 10

World EVA 335

U.S. EVA 232

Shuttle EVA 153

Duration: 6:46

Spacecraft/mission: STS-132

Crew: Kenneth Ham, Dominic Antonelli, Michael Good, Garrett Reisman, 

Piers Sellers, Stephen Bowen 

Spacewalkers: Michael Good, Garrett Reisman

Purpose: Third of three scheduled EVAs. Install nitrogen jumper port

trusses; replace two batteries on P6 truss

Reisman replaced Bowen and worked with Good to finalize the battery replacement on the P6 

truss. The spacewalkers used the same method as in the previous spacewalk to complete the work. 

Additionally, Good and Reisman had time to install a reserve nitrogen jumper between the P4 and P5 

trusses, in case of a break in the Station’s coolant system.10

9. Ib

10.Ibi
128 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

FIGURE 10. Rassvet. The Soyuz TMA-19 spacecraft (foreground), docked to the Rassvet Mini-Research 

Module 1 (MRM1), and Progress 37 resupply vehicle, docked to the Pirs Docking Compartment, 

are featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 24 crewmember on the ISS. (NASA

ISS024-E-007122)

26 May STS-132/Atlantis landing

1 June Soyuz-TMA 17/ISS Expeditions 22 and 23 landing

15 June Soyuz-TMA 19/ISS Expeditions 24 and 25 launch 

27 JULY

2010 EVA 11

World EVA 336

Russian EVA 132

Space Station EVA 152

ISS EVA 47

Duration: 6:42

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 24

Crew: Alexander Skvortsov (Russian Space Agency), Tracy Caldwell Dyson 

(NASA), Mikhail Kornienko (Russian Space Agency), Shannon Walker (NASA), 

Douglas Wheelock (NASA), Fyodor Yurchikhin (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Fyodor Yurchikhin, Mikhail Kornienko

Purpose: Replace and jettison old ATV camera; install new ATV camera; 

attach cables to Mini-Research Module 1
The Chronology // 2010 129

Orlan-clad cosmonauts Fyodor Kornienko and Yurchikhin egressed the airlock located in the Pirs 

Docking Compartment module to begin installing the Mini-Research Module 1 (MRM-1) cables. The 

Russian-made module, more commonly known as “Rassvet,” has a docking port for Russian vehicles. 

The pair also routed and powered the Command and Data Handling cables needed to operate the Zarya 

and Zvezda modules. Additionally, the spacewalkers jettisoned a degraded ATV camera and replaced it 

with a more advanced camera. The new device provides video images of future docking ATVs.11

7 AUGUST

2010 EVA 12

World EVA 337

U.S. EVA 233

Space Station EVA 153

ISS EVA 48

Duration: 8:03

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 24 

Crew: Alexander Skvortsov (Russian Space Agency), Tracy Caldwell Dyson 

(NASA), Mikhail Kornienko (Russian Space Agency), Shannon Walker (NASA), 

Douglas Wheelock (NASA), Fyodor Yurchikhin (Russian Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Douglas Wheelock, Tracy Caldwell Dyson

Purpose: Detach four nitrogen connectors from failed ammonia pump

The first of three spacewalks to replace the failed coolant pump on the S1 truss required over 8 hours, 

making it the longest ISS spacewalk and the sixth longest when including Shuttle EVAs. Wheelock and 

first-time spacewalker Tracy Caldwell Dyson first attempted to disconnect the four ammonia lines from 

the failed pump. Three cooling lines were successfully removed; however, the final connector leaked 

and contaminated the spacesuits. They decided to reattach the connection and use a spool-positioning 

device to ensure correct pressure within the ammonia route. Caldwell Dyson and Wheelock ended the 

walk and decontaminated their suits.12

11 AUGUST

2010 EVA 13

World EVA 338

U.S. EVA 234

Space Station EVA 154

ISS EVA 49

Duration: 7:26

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 24

Crew: Alexander Skvortsov (Russian Space Agency), Tracy Caldwell Dyson 

(NASA), Mikhail Kornienko (Russian Space Agency), Shannon Walker (NASA), 

Douglas Wheelock (NASA), Fyodor Yurchikhin (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Douglas Wheelock, Tracy Caldwell Dyson 

Purpose: Remove fourth ammonia connector; detach old ammonia pump 

electrical cables; unbolt old ammonia pump and stow in MBS; disconnect 

electrical cables to new ammonia pump

11.“Cosmonauts Complete First Expedition 24 Spacewalk,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 20 March 2014, (http://www.nasa

gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition24/russian_eva25.html)

12.“Expedition 24 Performs First Spacewalk to Replace Ammonia Pump,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 21 March 2014,

(http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/080710_spacewalk.html)
130 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

Caldwell Dyson and Wheelock were more successful during their second excursion to swap the failed 

ammonia coolant pump. This time, Wheelock closed the ammonia valve before he disconnected the 

leaking line. Caldwell Dyson then detached five electrical and data cables from the old pump, while 

Wheelock unfastened its four bolts. They then stowed the pump on the MBS payload bracket. Before 

they ended the excursion, the pair disconnected the new pump’s power cables in preparation for the 

following spacewalk.13

16 AUGUST

2010 EVA 14

World EVA 339

U.S. EVA 235

Space Station EVA 155

ISS EVA 50

Duration: 7:20

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 24 

Crew: Alexander Skvortsov (Russian Space Agency), Tracy Caldwell Dyson 

(NASA), Mikhail Kornienko (Russian Space Agency), Shannon Walker (NASA), 

Douglas Wheelock (NASA), Fyodor Yurchikhin (Russian Space Agency) 

Spacewalkers: Douglas Wheelock, Tracy Caldwell Dyson

Purpose: Install new coolant pump; stow support equipment

With the assistance of Shannon Walker within the Station, Caldwell Dyson and Wheelock finalized 

the installation of the spare 780-pound (353.80-kilogram) ammonia pump on the S1 truss. Walker 

operated the Canadarm2 and drove the module to its new home. Wheelock then secured its four bolts 

and Caldwell Dyson coupled its five electrical cables. After ground controllers confirmed its pressure 

and connections, the spacewalkers opened the ammonia valve and filled the pump.14

25 September Soyuz-TMA 18/ISS Expeditions 23 and 24 landing

7 October Soyuz-TMA 01M/ISS Expeditions 25 and 26 launch

15 NOVEMBER

2010 EVA 15

World EVA 340

Russian EVA 133

Space Station EVA 156

ISS EVA 51

Duration: 6:28

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 25 

Crew: Douglas Wheelock (NASA), Shannon Walker (NASA), Alexander Kaleri 

(Russian Space Agency), Scott Kelly (NASA), Oleg Skripochka (Russian 

Space Agency), Fyodor Yurchikhin (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Fyodor Yurchikin, Oleg Skripochka

Purpose: Install multipurpose workstation on Zvezda; clean Kontur experiment 

on Zvezda; install experiments on Rassvet; reposition camera on Rassvet

13.“Expedition 24 Performs Second Spacewalk to Replace Ammonia Pump,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 21 March 2014,

(http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition24/081110_spacewalk.html)

14.“Spacewalkers Install Space Ammonia Pump,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 21 March 2014,

(http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition24/081610_spacewalk.html)
The Chronology // 2010 131

Skripochka and Yurchikhin left from Pirs to execute the one and only spacewalk during Expedition 25. 

The two cosmonauts installed a multipurpose workstation on the large diameter section on Zvezda’s 

starboard side. Upon completion of this task, the duo moved on to research collection and maintenance tasks. They started by cleaning and moving the Kontur (short for Development of a System of 

Supervisory Control Over the Internet of the Robotic Manipulator in the Russian Segment of ISS) 

robotics experiment from the port side of Zvezda into the Pirs airlock. They then attached a new materials experiment to a handrail on the Rassvet module. Skripochka and Yurchikhin temporarily stored 

samples beneath the insulation outside of Zvezda and Pirs to bring back inside the Station for analysis 

later. The cosmonauts were also tasked with moving a television camera from one end of the Rassvet’s 

docking compartment to another, but the move was unsuccessful due to the camera interfering with 

the insulation in the new location.15

25 November Soyuz-TMA 19/ISS Expeditions 24 and 25 landing 

15 December Soyuz-TMA 20/ISS Expeditions 26 and 27 launch

15.“Cosmonauts Perform 26th Russian Space Station Spacewalk,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 22 March 2014, (http:/

www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition25/russian_eva26.html)

The Chronology // 2011 133

2011

21 JANUARY

2011 EVA 1

World EVA 341

Russian EVA 134

Space Station EVA 157

ISS EVA 52

Duration: 5:23

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 26

Crew: Scott Kelly (NASA), Catherine Coleman (NASA), Alexander Kaleri 

(Russian Space Agency), Dmitry Kondratyev (Russian Space Agency), Paolo 

Nespoli (European Space Agency), Oleg Skripochka (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Dmitry Kondratyev, Oleg Skripochka 

Purpose: Install 100Mb-per-second data downlink antenna and its cables; 

retrieve plasma and Expose-R experiments; finish installation of MRM-1 

docking TV camera; jettison antenna cover and cable reel

When Dmitry Kondratyev and Skripochka set out on the first EVA of Expedition 26, NASA equipped 

Skripochka’s helmet with lights and a wireless television camera to provide a live point-of-view feed 

to mission controls in Houston and Moscow. As they were tasked with several jobs during this EVA, 

they clipped all of their tool carriers and new equipment to Zvezda’s exterior for easy access and storage 

between the jobs. Firstly, they deployed an antenna to be used for the radio technical system for information transfer. The experimental system was designed to allow NASA, RSA, ESA, and other space 

agencies on Earth to downlink data files from ISS at the speed of about 100 Mb per second using radio 

signals. Once they erected the antenna, they routed external cables, connecting it to patch panels that 

then connected it to computers within ISS. Upon completion of this task, the cosmonauts jettisoned 

the antenna’s hatbox-shaped cover and its cable reel. Kondratyev and Skripochka then retrieved two 

experiments hanging on ISS’s exterior. One was a plasma pulse generator that was supposed to measure 

disturbances in the ionosphere caused by the Station’s plasma impulse flow, but the test experienced 

an early fail. The other was the Expose-R experiment canister. The spacewalkers retrieved both from 

the port side of Zvezda and placed them in Pirs, along with a tool bag they used while installing the 

antenna. After placing the experiments in the airlock, they grabbed a docking camera left to install on 

Rassvet. Skripochka and Yurchikhin had tried to install this camera on 15 November 2010, but they 

encountered problems getting past the insulation. For this spacewalk, Skripochka and Kondratyev 

equipped themselves with special cutters to tear through the insulation threading, which allowed them 

to work around the camera mount unobstructed. After installing the camera, they connected its cable 

to a prewired connector, which fed the video to the Station, and they returned to Pirs airlock.1

1. “Cosmonauts Perform 27th Russian Space Station Spacewalk,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 23 March 2014, (http:

www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition26/russian_eva27.html)
134 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

16 FEBRUARY

2011 EVA 2

World EVA 342

Russian EVA 135

Space Station EVA 158

ISS EVA 53

Duration: 4:51

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 26 

Crew: Scott Kelly (NASA), Catherine Coleman (NASA), Alexander Kaleri 

(Russian Space Agency), Dmitry Kondratyev (Russian Space Agency), Paolo 

Nespoli (European Space Agency), Oleg Skripochka (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Dmitry Kondratyev, Oleg Skripochka 

Purpose: Install Molniya-Gamma and Radiometria experiments on SM; 

jettison foot restraint; retrieve Komplast panels from FGB

Kondratyev and Skripochka once again joined forces for an EVA. Their Orlan space suits were both 

fitted again with the NASA-provided helmet lights and television cameras that provide live video to 

both the Moscow and Houston Mission Control Centers. After removing the two experiments from 

Zvezda in the previous spacewalk, they installed two new ones. One was Radiometria, which would 

gather useful data for seismic forecasts and the prediction of earthquakes. The other experiment was 

Molniya-Gamma, which was to study gamma splashes and optical radiation during terrestrial lighting 

and thunderstorms. They installed both experiments atop the portable workstations, with Radiometria 

being located on Zvezda’s port side, and Molniya-Gamma ending up on starboard side. From the 

Zarya module, they retrieved the Komplast experiment panels, which, after having been exposed to 

space, would be used to determine the best materials to use in building a long-duration spacecraft. 

Then, before returning to Pirs, they detached and jettisoned a foot restraint.2

24 February STS-133/Discovery launch

28 FEBRUARY

2011 EVA 3

World EVA 343

U.S. EVA 236

Shuttle EVA 159

ISS EVA 54

Duration: 6:34

Spacecraft/mission: STS-133 

Crew: Steven Lindsey, Eric Boe, Michael Barratt, Stephen Bowen, Alvin 

Drew, Nicole Stott

Spacewalkers: Stephen Bowen, Alvin Drew

Purpose: First of two scheduled EVAs. Install backup power cable for new

stowage module; relocate failed pump module and prep it for NH3 venting; 

reposition Z1 truss RPCM thermal blanket and EVA foot restraint socket 

extension; retrieve foot restraint for in-cabin maintenance; add wedge to S1 

camera; enable MT and CETA cart translation past starboard solar array 

joint by installing rail extensions and removing stops; collect vacuum in JAXA 

experiment bottle

2. “Cosmonauts Perform 28th Russian Space Station Spacewalk,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 24 March 2014, (http:

www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition26/russian_eva28.html)
The Chronology // 2011 135

This was Alvin Drew’s first EVA, and he became the 200th person to walk in space. He and Bowen 

began by installing an extension cable from the Unity to the Tranquility Node. With Drew and Bowen 

looking on, Scott Kelly and Barratt moved the ISS’s failed 800-pound (362.88-kilogram) ammonia 

pump module from Canadarm2’s mobile base to an external stowage platform. There was initially 

some trouble completing this task because Barratt and station commander Scott Kelly were unable 

to control Canadarm2 from the Cupola, but they moved to another control station for the arm in 

Destiny and had no further problems. Drew then retrieved a tool and stowed it with the module to 

use in draining the remaining ammonia on the next spacewalk. Meanwhile, Bowen installed a foot 

restraint on the arm of ISS. Both astronauts removed tethers and cart stoppers along the Mobile 

Transporter railway, then added extensions to the track’s rails. Drew and Bowen also installed a camera 

wedge on the Station. They concluded the spacewalk by working with Japan’s “Message in a Bottle,” a 

canister autographed by different astronauts. They opened the canister to gather some of the vacuum 

of space, sealed it, and then returned it to Discovery for return to Earth for public display.3

2 MARCH

2011 EVA 4

World EVA 344

U.S. EVA 237

Shuttle EVA 155

Duration: 6:14

Spacecraft/mission: STS-133 

Crew: Steven Lindsey, Eric Boe, Michael Barratt, Stephen Bowen, Alvin 

Drew, Nicole Stott

Spacewalkers: Stephen Bowen, Alvin Drew

Purpose: Second of two scheduled EVAs. Install light on port CETA cart,

camera on SPDM robot, and 3 camera lens covers; reposition camera 

sunshade for clear view; resecure loose radiator grapple beam; retrieve 

pallet with MISSE data; remove thermal insulation from several locations; 

reinstall foot restraint and relocate another; relocate Strela grapple fixture 

adapter to FGB

This EVA was delayed by 24 minutes due to the crew replacing an O-ring on the lithium hydroxide 

canister of Bowen’s spacesuit to fix a small leak. The two astronauts worked separately during most 

of the spacewalk. Bowen briefly set up Canadarm2, and then, from the Columbus module, retrieved 

a lightweight adapter plate assembly, which would hold experiments, and installed it in Discovery’s 

cargo bay. Drew meanwhile retrieved the tool that he left with the ammonia pump module on the previous EVA and used it to vent the remaining coolant left in the module. He then returned the tool to 

the airlock. The astronauts reunited near Dextre, upon which Bowen installed a tilt assembly and light 

pan, and removed some insulation. Drew also removed some insulation and jettisoned it. He repositioned a sunshade on a camera near Dextre. He then moved on to install a light on one of the handcars 

on one of the truss’s rails. Drew then returned to Canadarm2 to put a lens cover over the camera on its 

elbow. He also repositioned a foot restraint and a Russian cargo arm adapter on the arm. Drew then 

continued by making repairs on the insulation on a radiator beam valve module on the port truss. He 

3. “STATUS REPORT: STS-133-09,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 24 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_page

shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts133/news/STS-133-09.html)
136 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

then secured a stowage beam grapple fixture. When nearing the end of their spacewalk, the light atop 

Drew’s helmet fell off his suit. Bowen tried to reattach it, but was unsuccessful, and they attached it to 

a tether to bring it back to the airlock with them as they returned.4

9 March STS-133/Discovery landing

16 March Soyuz-TMA 01M/ISS Expeditions 25 and 26 landing

4 April Soyuz-TMA 21/ISS Expeditions 27 and 28 launch

16 May STS-134/Endeavour launch

20 MAY

2011 EVA 5

World EVA 345

U.S. EVA 238

Shuttle EVA 156

Duration: 6:19

Spacecraft/mission: STS-134 

Crew: Mark Kelly, Gregory Johnson, Gregory Chamitoff, Andrew Feustel, 

Michael Fincke, Roberto Vittori (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Andrew Feustel, Gregory Chamitoff

Purpose: First of four scheduled EVAs. Retrieve MISSE 7 experiment;

install MISSE 8; install CETA cart light; reinstall SARJ cover; install ammonia 

jumper; vent nitrogen lines; install External Wireless Communication System 

on Destiny

Endeavour delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS-02), two spare S-band antennas, a 

high-pressure gas tank, and spare components for Dextre. During the mission’s first of four EVAs, 

Chamitoff and Feustel replaced the MISSE experiments and installed the CETA cart light and the 

ammonia jumper located on the S3 truss. Feustel replaced the MISSE 7 experiments with the new 

MISSE 8. The former returned to Earth in Endeavour’s payload bay. After Chamitoff bolted and 

powered the new CETA cart light, the spacewalkers made the necessary preparations for the following excursion to refill the leaking ammonia pump. Chamitoff and Feustel installed a new ammonia 

jumper and vented the nitrogen between the P1 and P5 trusses. Next, the duo attempted to install 

the External Wireless Communication System on the Destiny laboratory. While installing the two 

wireless antennas, Chamitoff received a “CO2 SENSOR BAD” message on his EMU Caution and 

Warning System. This led to the EVA being cut short.5

4. “STATUS REPORT: STS-133-13,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 28 March 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_page

shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts133/news/STS-133-13.html)

5. “STS-134: Final Flight of Endeavour,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration, accessed 25 June 2014, (http://ww

nasa.gov/pdf/538352main_sts134_presskit_508.pdf); “STS-134 MISSION,” Jeanne Ryba, editor, accessed 25 June 2014, 

(http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts134/launch/index.html)
The Chronology // 2011 137

22 MAY

2011 EVA 6

World EVA 346

U.S. EVA 239

Shuttle EVA 157

Duration: 8:07

Spacecraft/mission: STS-134 

Crew: Mark Kelly, Gregory Johnson, Gregory Chamitoff, Andrew Feustel, 

Michael Fincke, Roberto Vittori (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Andrew Feustel, Michael Fincke

Purpose: Second of four scheduled EVAs. Reconnect ammonia loops and

refill ammonia tank; vent refilled lines; lubricate SARJ; install cover over 

Dextre camera; lubricate Dextre wrist joints; install two radiator grapple bar 

stowage beams on S1 truss

Feustel and Fincke’s two primary objectives during the second spacewalk were topping off the ammonia pump tank and lubricating the SARJs. The spacewalkers first continued rerouting the ammonia 

loops from the previous walk and structured a constant flow of ammonia from the tank on the P1 

truss to the leaking loop on the P6. Ground controllers in Houston confirmed the successful reconfiguration. The pair then filled the tank. Before detaching the jumper cable, Feustel vented the residual 

ammonia. Meanwhile, Fincke climbed to the P3 truss and lubricated the SARJ with a grease gun. 

Fincke also photographed and obtained samples of the grease from the 2007 STS-126 mission, when 

the joint was last lubricated. While maneuvering the joint covers, Fincke lost a bolt and three washers. He was forced to return a cover to the Station because the joint had too few bolts. While waiting 

for the joint to rotate 200 degrees, Fincke had an hour to mount two radiator grapple bar stowage 

beams on the S1 truss. The beams serve as a storage unit for spacewalk handles. Upon completion, 

he returned to the SARJ and greased its other side. Meanwhile, Feustel lubricated the Dextre robotic 

arms and assembled a cover over its cameras. Before ingressing to the airlock, the pair remained in the 

Sun for 30 minutes in order to evaporate any toxic ammonia crystals from the leakage that may have 

adhered to their spacesuits.6

23 May Soyuz-TMA 20/ISS Expeditions 26 and 27 landing

25 MAY

2011 EVA 7

World EVA 347

U.S. EVA 240

Shuttle EVA 158

Duration: 6:54

Spacecraft/mission: STS-134 

Crew: Mark Kelly, Gregory Johnson, Gregory Chamitoff, Andrew Feustel, 

Michael Fincke, Roberto Vittori (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Andrew Feustel, Michael Fincke

Purpose: Third of four scheduled EVAs. Install Power Data and Grapple

Fixture on Zarya; install cables to connect backup power between U.S. an

Russian segments; install External Wireless Communication antennas

6. Ib
138 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

The third excursion centered on amplifying energy routed to the Russian modules and lengthening the 

reach of the Canadarm2. First, Feustel and Fincke assembled the Power Data and Grapple Fixture, a 

stand that is bolted to Zarya and allows the robotic arm to reach the module. Still on Zarya, they then 

installed the video signal converter. Next, the astronauts routed jumper cables from Harmony, to Unity, 

and finally to Zarya. The cable configuration transfers power between the U.S. and Russian segments. 

Feustel and Fincke then tackled the unfinished work from the mission’s first spacewalk and installed 

the External Wireless Communication’s two wireless antennas. With time remaining, they took on 

get-ahead tasks for the succeeding EVA. The spacewalkers mounted a thermal blanket on the O2 tank 

grapple fixture, photographed the FGB and its thrusters, and secured loose thermal insulation.7

27 MAY

2011 EVA 8

World EVA 348

U.S. EVA 241

Shuttle EVA 159

Duration: 7:24

Spacecraft/mission: STS-134 

Crew: Mark Kelly, Gregory Johnson, Gregory Chamitoff, Andrew Feustel, 

Michael Fincke, Roberto Vittori (European Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Michael Fincke, Gregory Chamitoff

Purpose: Fourth of four scheduled EVAs. Permanently stow orbiter

inspection boom on ISS; install Power Data and Grapple Fixture on orbiter 

inspection boom; release fasteners on spare Dextre arm

In the past, Endeavour’s orbiter inspection boom was stowed in the payload bay and returned to 

Earth with the Shuttle. The boom was a valuable instrument during past EVAs to extend the reach 

of the Canadarm2, therefore the crew permanently stored it on the Station’s truss for future Station 

maintenance. They then installed a Power Data and Grapple Fixture on the boom to double the arm’s 

previous reach. Previously, the robotic arm could only grasp a fixture in the middle of the boom and 

therefore only benefitted from half its length. Their final task of the mission was the installation of a 

spare arm on Dextre.8

1 June STS-134/Endeavour landing

7 June Soyuz-TMA 02M/ ISS Expeditions 28 and 29 launch

8 July STS-135/Atlantis launch

7. Ib

8. Ib
The Chronology // 2011 139

12 JULY

2011 EVA 9

World EVA 349

U.S. EVA 242

Shuttle EVA 160

Duration: 6:31

Spacecraft/mission: STS-135

Crew: Christopher Ferguson, Douglas Hurley, Sandra Magnus, Rex Walheim 

Spacewalkers: Michael Fossum, Ronald Garan (ISS Expedition 28 crew 

members)

Purpose: Stow failed cooling pump in Atlantis’s payload bay; install Robotic 

Refueling Mission experiment on Dextre platform; install optical mirror to 

MISSE 8 experiment

The last U.S. spacewalk during the Space Shuttle era was performed by Station residents Fossum and 

Garan. They moved the Station’s failed 1,400-pound (635.04-kilogram) pump, installed two experiments, and repaired a new base for the Canadarm2. The pair used the Canadarm2 to drive the cooling 

pump to Atlantis’s payload bay. There, they bolted and secured the pump for its return to Earth. Next, 

the spacewalkers installed the Robotic Refueling Mission experiment, which helped investigate methods to refuel space satellites robotically. Garan then deployed the optical mirror, a component of the 

MISSE 8 that was delayed. With time remaining, the spacewalkers completed get-ahead tasks. They 

mounted the insulation cover over an area of the PMA-3 that received significant sunshine, rewired 

obstructing cables under Zarya, and retrieved a cutting device for the following excursion.9

21 July STS-135/Atlantis landing

3 AUGUST

2011 EVA 10

World EVA 350

Russian EVA 136

Space Station EVA 160

ISS EVA 55

Duration: 6:23

Spacecraft/mission: International Space Station Expedition 28

Crew: Andrey Borisenko (Russian Space Agency), Michael Fossum (NASA), 

Satoshi Furukawa (JAXA), Ronald Garan (NASA), Alexander Samokutyaev 

(Russian Space Agency), Sergei Volkov (Russian Space Agency)

Spacewalkers: Sergei Volkov, Alexander Samokutyaev

Purpose: Relocate Strela crane from Pirs Docking Compartment to MRM-2 

and jettison base thermal cover; install Biorisk-MSN materials exposure 

experiment; deploy manually 57-pound (25.85-kilogram) free-flying amateur

radio satellite known by two names: ARISSat-1 and Radioskaf-V; install 

BTLS-N monoblock experiment

The crew stowed the ARISSat-1/Radioskaf-V amateur radio satellite in the airlock prior to the EVA for 

manual deployment during the EVA. After egress, the cosmonauts prepared the satellite for manual 

9. “STATUS REPORT: STS-135-09,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed 20 June 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_page

shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts135/news/STS-135-09.html)
140 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

deployment. They noticed that one of the two antennas was missing. They decided to delay this task 

until they received directions from Mission Control. They were given the go-ahead to deploy the satellite in a retrograde direction with one antenna missing. The next task for Volkov and Samokutyaev was 

the installation of the BTLS-N (Onboard Laser Communications Terminal) monoblock experiment 

on the universal work platform URM-D. The Strela crane relocation task was cancelled due to the lack 

of time remaining in the EVA.10

15 September Soyuz-TMA 21/ISS Expeditions 27 and 28 landing

13 November Soyuz-TMA 22/ISS Expeditions 29 and 30 launch

21 November Soyuz-TMA 02M/ISS Expeditions 28 and 29 landing

21 December Soyuz-TMA 03M/ISS Expeditions 30 and 31 launch

10.“Cosmonauts Wrap Up Spacewalk,” Amiko Kauderer, editor, accessed June 20. 2014, (http://www.nasa.gov/mission_page

station/expeditions/expedition28/russian_eva29.html)
∕∕ 141

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ACS Advanced Camera for Surveys

AERCam Autonomous Extravehicular Activity Robotic Camera 

AMS Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

ATV Automated Transfer Vehicle

BGA1A Beta Gimbal Assembly 1A

BMRRM Bearing Motor Roll Ring Module

CAIB Columbia Accident Investigation Board

CAPCON Capsule Communicator

CBM Common Berthing Mechanism 

CETA Crew Equipment Translation Aid

CLPA Camera Light Pan Tilt Assembly

CNES Centre National d’Études Spatiale

CNSA China National Space Administration

COSTAR Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement

CSA Canadian Space Agency 

EAS Early Ammonia Servicer 

ECOMM Early Communication

EMU Extravehicular Mobility Unit

ESA European Space Agency

ESM Electronics Support Module

ETVCG External Television Camera Group

EuTEF European Technology Exposure Facility

ExPRESS Expedite the Processing of Experiments to the Space Station

FGB Functional Cargo Block

FPMU Floating Potential Measurement Unit

FPP Floating Potential Probe

FRGF Flight Releasable Grapple Fixture

GATOR Grappling Adaptor To On-Orbit Railing 

GPS Global Positioning System

HST Hubble Space Telescope

HUT Hard Upper Torso

ICC-VLD Integrated Cargo Carrier-Vertical Light Deployable

ISS International Space Station

IV Intravehicular

IVA Intravehicular Activity 

JAXA Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

JEM Japanese Experiment Module

JTVE JEM Television Electronics

LMC Lightweight Multi-Purpose Equipment Support Structure Carrier

MAXI Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image

MBS Mobile Base System

MISSE Materials International Space Station Experiment
142 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

MPLM Multi-Purpose Logistics Module

MPAC/SEED Micro-Particle Capturer and Space Environment Exposure Devices 

MRM-1 Mini-Research Module-1

NASDA National Space Development Agency of Japan

NICMOS Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer

NOAX Non-Oxide Adhesive eXperimental

NSAU National Space Agency of Ukraine

NTA Nitrogen Tank Assembly

OBSS Orbiter Boom Sensor System

OPM Optical Properties Monitor

ORU Orbital Replacement Unit

P1 Port One

P3 Port Three

P4 Port Four

P5 Port Five

P6 Port Six

PAS Payload Attachment System

PCE Proximity Communications Equipment

PCU Power Control Unit

PE Principle Expedition

PMA-1 Pressurized Mating Adapter 1

PMA-2 Pressurized Mating Adapter 2

PMA-3 Pressurized Mating Adapter 3

POA Payload Orbital Replacement Unit Accommodation 

PPP Portable Power Plant

RMS Remote Manipulator System

RPCM Remote Power Control Module

RSA Russian Federal Space Agency

RSU Rate Sensor Unit

S0 Starboard Zero

S1 Starboard One

S3 Starboard Three

S4 Starboard Four

S5 Starboard Five

SAFER Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue

SARJ Solar Alpha Rotary Joint

SKK Replaceable Cassette Container

SMDP Service Module Debris Protection

SOHO Solar and Heliospheric Observatory 

SPD Spool Positioning Devices

SPDM Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator

SPSR Space Portable Spectroreflectormeter 

SSPTS Space Shuttle Power Transfer System

SSRMS Space Station Remote Manipulator System

STIS Space Telescope Imagining Spectrograph

UCCAS Unpressurized Cargo Carrier Attachment System

UHF Ultra-High Frequency

USMP-4 United States Microgravity Payload-4

VDU Video Distribution Unit

VDU Vynosnaya Dvigatel’naya Ustanovka

WETA Wireless External Transceiver Assembly

Z1 Zenith One
∕∕ 143

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Tsiao, Sunny. “Read You Loud and Clear!” The Story 

of NASA’s Spaceflight Tracking and Data Network. 

NASA SP-2007-4233, 2007.

Meltzer, Michael. When Biospheres Collide: A History 

of NASA’s Planetary Protection Programs. NASA 

SP-2011-4234, 2011.

CENTER HISTORIES, NASA SP-4300:

Rosenthal, Alfred. Venture into Space: Early Years of 

Goddard Space Flight Center. NASA SP-4301, 

1985.

Hartman, Edwin P. Adventures in Research: A History 

of Ames Research Center, 1940–1965. NASA SP4302, 1970.

Hallion, Richard P. On the Frontier: Flight Research 

at Dryden, 1946–1981. NASA SP-4303, 1984.

Muenger, Elizabeth A. Searching the Horizon: A History of Ames Research Center, 1940–1976. NASA 

SP-4304, 1985.

Hansen, James R. Engineer in Charge: A History of 

the Langley Aeronautical Laboratory, 1917–1958. 

NASA SP-4305, 1987.

Dawson, Virginia P. Engines and Innovation: Lewis 

Laboratory and American Propulsion Technology. 

NASA SP-4306, 1991.

Dethloff, Henry C. “Suddenly Tomorrow Came...”: 

A History of the Johnson Space Center, 1957–1990. 

NASA SP-4307, 1993.

Hansen, James R. Spaceflight Revolution: NASA 

Langley Research Center from Sputnik to Apollo. 

NASA SP-4308, 1995.

Wallace, Lane E. Flights of Discovery: An Illustrated History of the Dryden Flight Research Center. 

NASA SP-4309, 1996.
NASA History Series // 147

Herring, Mack R. Way Station to Space: A History of 

the John C. Stennis Space Center. NASA SP-4310, 

1997.

Wallace, Harold D., Jr. Wallops Station and the 

Creation of an American Space Program. NASA 

SP-4311, 1997.

Wallace, Lane E. Dreams, Hopes, Realities. NASA’s 

Goddard Space Flight Center: The First Forty 

Years. NASA SP-4312, 1999.

Dunar, Andrew J., and Stephen P. Waring. Power to 

Explore: A History of Marshall Space Flight Center, 

1960–1990. NASA SP-4313, 1999.

Bugos, Glenn E. Atmosphere of Freedom: Sixty Years 

at the NASA Ames Research Center. NASA SP2000-4314, 2000.

Bugos, Glenn E. Atmosphere of Freedom: Seventy 

Years at the NASA Ames Research Center. NASA 

SP-2010-4314, 2010. Revised version of NASA 

SP-2000-4314.

Bugos, Glenn E. Atmosphere of Freedom: Seventy Five 

Years at the NASA Ames Research Center. NASA 

SP-2014-4314, 2014. Revised version of NASA 

SP-2000-4314.

No SP-4315.

Schultz, James. Crafting Flight: Aircraft Pioneers and 

the Contributions of the Men and Women of NASA 

Langley Research Center. NASA SP-2003-4316, 

2003.

Bowles, Mark D. Science in Flux: NASA’s Nuclear 

Program at Plum Brook Station, 1955–2005. 

NASA SP-2006-4317, 2006.

Wallace, Lane E. Flights of Discovery: An Illustrated History of the Dryden Flight Research Center. 

NASA SP-2007-4318, 2007. Revised version of 

NASA SP-4309.

Arrighi, Robert S. Revolutionary Atmosphere: The 

Story of the Altitude Wind Tunnel and the Space 

Power Chambers. NASA SP-2010-4319, 2010.

GENERAL HISTORIES, NASA SP-4400:

Corliss, William R. NASA Sounding Rockets, 

1958–1968: A Historical Summary. NASA SP4401, 1971.

Wells, Helen T., Susan H. Whiteley, and Carrie 

Karegeannes. Origins of NASA Names. NASA 

SP-4402, 1976.

Anderson, Frank W., Jr. Orders of Magnitude: A 

History of NACA and NASA, 1915–1980. NASA 

SP-4403, 1981.

Sloop, John L. Liquid Hydrogen as a Propulsion Fuel, 

1945–1959. NASA SP-4404, 1978.

Roland, Alex. A Spacefaring People: Perspectives on 

Early Spaceflight. NASA SP-4405, 1985.

Bilstein, Roger E. Orders of Magnitude: A History of 

the NACA and NASA, 1915–1990. NASA SP4406, 1989.

Logsdon, John M., ed., with Linda J. Lear, Jannelle Warren Findley, Ray A. Williamson, and 

Dwayne A. Day. Exploring the Unknown: Selected 

Documents in the History of the U.S. Civil Space 

Program, Volume I: Organizing for Exploration. 

NASA SP-4407, 1995.

Logsdon, John M., ed., with Dwayne A. Day and 

Roger D. Launius. Exploring the Unknown: 

Selected Documents in the History of the U.S. Civil 

Space Program, Volume II: External Relationships. 

NASA SP-4407, 1996.

Logsdon, John M., ed., with Roger D. Launius, David H. Onkst, and Stephen J. Garber. Exploring 

the Unknown: Selected Documents in the History 

of the U.S. Civil Space Program, Volume III: Using 

Space. NASA SP-4407, 1998.

Logsdon, John M., ed., with Ray A. Williamson, 

Roger D. Launius, Russell J. Acker, Stephen J. 

Garber, and Jonathan L. Friedman. Exploring the 

Unknown: Selected Documents in the History of the 

U.S. Civil Space Program, Volume IV: Accessing 

Space. NASA SP-4407, 1999.

Logsdon, John M., ed., with Amy Paige Snyder, 

Roger D. Launius, Stephen J. Garber, and Regan 

Anne Newport. Exploring the Unknown: Selected 
148 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

Documents in the History of the U.S. Civil Space 

Program, Volume V: Exploring the Cosmos. NASA 

SP-2001-4407, 2001.

Logsdon, John M., ed., with Stephen J. Garber, Roger D. Launius, and Ray A. Williamson. Exploring 

the Unknown: Selected Documents in the History 

of the U.S. Civil Space Program, Volume VI: Space 

and Earth Science. NASA SP-2004-4407, 2004.

Logsdon, John M., ed., with Roger D. Launius. 

Exploring the Unknown: Selected Documents in the 

History of the U.S. Civil Space Program, Volume 

VII: Human Spaceflight: Projects Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo. NASA SP-2008-4407, 2008.

Siddiqi, Asif A., Challenge to Apollo: The Soviet 

Union and the Space Race, 1945–1974. NASA 

SP-2000-4408, 2000.

Hansen, James R., ed. The Wind and Beyond: Journey 

into the History of Aerodynamics in America, 

Volume 1: The Ascent of the Airplane. NASA SP2003-4409, 2003.

Hansen, James R., ed. The Wind and Beyond: Journey 

into the History of Aerodynamics in America, Volume 2: Reinventing the Airplane. NASA SP-2007-

4409, 2007.

Hogan, Thor. Mars Wars: The Rise and Fall of the 

Space Exploration Initiative. NASA SP-2007-

4410, 2007.

Vakoch, Douglas A., ed. Psychology of Space Exploration: Contemporary Research in Historical Perspective. NASA SP-2011-4411, 2011.

Ferguson, Robert G., NASA’s First A: Aeronautics 

from 1958 to 2008. NASA SP-2012-4412, 2013.

Vakoch, Douglas A., ed. Archaeology, Anthropology, 

and Interstellar Communication. NASA SP-2013-

4413, 2014.

MONOGRAPHS IN AEROSPACE HISTORY, 

NASA SP-4500:

Launius, Roger D., and Aaron K. Gillette, comps. 

Toward a History of the Space Shuttle: An Annotated Bibliography. Monographs in Aerospace 

History, No. 1, 1992.

Launius, Roger D., and J. D. Hunley, comps. An 

Annotated Bibliography of the Apollo Program. 

Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 2, 1994.

Launius, Roger D. Apollo: A Retrospective Analysis. 

Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 3, 1994.

Hansen, James R. Enchanted Rendezvous: John 

C. Houbolt and the Genesis of the Lunar-Orbit 

Rendezvous Concept. Monographs in Aerospace 

History, No. 4, 1995.

Gorn, Michael H. Hugh L. Dryden’s Career in 

Aviation and Space. Monographs in Aerospace 

History, No. 5, 1996.

Powers, Sheryll Goecke. Women in Flight Research at 

NASA Dryden Flight Research Center from 1946 

to 1995. Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 

6, 1997.

Portree, David S. F., and Robert C. Trevino. Walking to Olympus: An EVA Chronology. Monographs 

in Aerospace History, No. 7, 1997.

Logsdon, John M., moderator. Legislative Origins of 

the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958: 

Proceedings of an Oral History Workshop. Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 8, 1998.

Rumerman, Judy A., comp. U.S. Human Spaceflight: 

A Record of Achievement, 1961–1998. Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 9, 1998.

Portree, David S. F. NASA’s Origins and the Dawn of 

the Space Age. Monographs in Aerospace History, 

No. 10, 1998.

Logsdon, John M. Together in Orbit: The Origins of 

International Cooperation in the Space Station. 

Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 11, 1998.

Phillips, W. Hewitt. Journey in Aeronautical Research: A Career at NASA Langley Research Center. 

Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 12, 1998.

Braslow, Albert L. A History of Suction-Type Laminar-Flow Control with Emphasis on Flight 

Research. Monographs in Aerospace History, 

No. 13, 1999.

Logsdon, John M., moderator. Managing the Moon 

Program: Lessons Learned from Apollo. Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 14, 1999.
NASA History Series // 149

Perminov, V. G. The Difficult Road to Mars: A Brief 

History of Mars Exploration in the Soviet Union. 

Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 15, 1999.

Tucker, Tom. Touchdown: The Development of 

Propulsion Controlled Aircraft at NASA Dryden. 

Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 16, 1999.

Maisel, Martin, Demo J. Giulanetti, and Daniel 

C. Dugan. The History of the XV-15 Tilt Rotor Research Aircraft: From Concept to Flight. 

Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 17, 2000. 

NASA SP-2000-4517.

Jenkins, Dennis R. Hypersonics Before the Shuttle: 

A Concise History of the X-15 Research Airplane. 

Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 18, 2000. 

NASA SP-2000-4518.

Chambers, Joseph R. Partners in Freedom: Contributions of the Langley Research Center to U.S. 

Military Aircraft of the 1990s. Monographs in 

Aerospace History, No. 19, 2000. NASA SP2000-4519.

Waltman, Gene L. Black Magic and Gremlins: Analog Flight Simulations at NASA’s Flight Research 

Center. Monographs in Aerospace History, 

No. 20, 2000. NASA SP-2000-4520.

Portree, David S. F. Humans to Mars: Fifty Years 

of Mission Planning, 1950–2000. Monographs 

in Aerospace History, No. 21, 2001. NASA SP2001-4521.

Thompson, Milton O., with J. D. Hunley. Flight 

Research: Problems Encountered and What They 

Should Teach Us. Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 22, 2001. NASA SP-2001-4522.

Tucker, Tom. The Eclipse Project. Monographs in 

Aerospace History, No. 23, 2001. NASA SP2001-4523.

Siddiqi, Asif A. Deep Space Chronicle: A Chronology 

of Deep Space and Planetary Probes, 1958–2000. 

Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 24, 

2002. NASA SP-2002-4524.

Merlin, Peter W. Mach 3+: NASA/USAF YF-12 

Flight Research, 1969–1979. Monographs in 

Aerospace History, No. 25, 2001. NASA SP2001-4525.

Anderson, Seth B. Memoirs of an Aeronautical 

Engineer: Flight Tests at Ames Research Center: 

1940–1970. Monographs in Aerospace History, 

No. 26, 2002. NASA SP-2002-4526.

Renstrom, Arthur G. Wilbur and Orville Wright: A 

Bibliography Commemorating the One-Hundredth 

Anniversary of the First Powered Flight on December 17, 1903. Monographs in Aerospace History, 

No. 27, 2002. NASA SP-2002-4527.

No monograph 28.

Chambers, Joseph R. Concept to Reality: Contributions of the NASA Langley Research Center to 

U.S. Civil Aircraft of the 1990s. Monographs in 

Aerospace History, No. 29, 2003. NASA SP2003-4529.

Peebles, Curtis, ed. The Spoken Word: Recollections 

of Dryden History, The Early Years. Monographs 

in Aerospace History, No. 30, 2003. NASA SP2003-4530.

Jenkins, Dennis R., Tony Landis, and Jay Miller. 

American X-Vehicles: An Inventory—X-1 to X-50. 

Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 31, 2003. 

NASA SP-2003-4531.

Renstrom, Arthur G. Wilbur and Orville Wright: A 

Chronology Commemorating the One-Hundredth 

Anniversary of the First Powered Flight on December 17, 1903. Monographs in Aerospace History, 

No. 32, 2003. NASA SP-2003-4532.

Bowles, Mark D., and Robert S. Arrighi. NASA’s 

Nuclear Frontier: The Plum Brook Research Reactor. Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 33, 

2004. NASA SP-2004-4533.

Wallace, Lane, and Christian Gelzer. Nose Up: High 

Angle-of-Attack and Thrust Vectoring Research 

at NASA Dryden, 1979–2001. Monographs in 

Aerospace History, No. 34, 2009. NASA SP2009-4534.

Matranga, Gene J., C. Wayne Ottinger, Calvin R. 

Jarvis, and D. Christian Gelzer. Unconventional, 

Contrary, and Ugly: The Lunar Landing Research 

Vehicle. Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 

35, 2006. NASA SP-2004-4535.
150 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

McCurdy, Howard E. Low-Cost Innovation in 

Spaceflight: The History of the Near Earth Asteroid 

Rendezvous (NEAR) Mission. Monographs in 

Aerospace History, No. 36, 2005. NASA SP2005-4536.

Seamans, Robert C., Jr. Project Apollo: The Tough 

Decisions. Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 

37, 2005. NASA SP-2005-4537.

Lambright, W. Henry. NASA and the Environment: 

The Case of Ozone Depletion. Monographs in 

Aerospace History, No. 38, 2005. NASA SP2005-4538.

Chambers, Joseph R. Innovation in Flight: Research 

of the NASA Langley Research Center on Revolutionary Advanced Concepts for Aeronautics. 

Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 39, 2005. 

NASA SP-2005-4539.

Phillips, W. Hewitt. Journey into Space Research: 

Continuation of a Career at NASA Langley Research Center. Monographs in Aerospace History, 

No. 40, 2005. NASA SP-2005-4540.

Rumerman, Judy A., Chris Gamble, and Gabriel 

Okolski, comps. U.S. Human Spaceflight: A 

Record of Achievement, 1961–2006. Monographs 

in Aerospace History, No. 41, 2007. NASA SP2007-4541.

Peebles, Curtis. The Spoken Word: Recollections of 

Dryden History Beyond the Sky. Monographs in 

Aerospace History, No. 42, 2011. NASA SP2011-4542.

Dick, Steven J., Stephen J. Garber, and Jane H. 

Odom. Research in NASA History. Monographs 

in Aerospace History, No. 43, 2009. NASA SP2009-4543.

Merlin, Peter W. Ikhana: Unmanned Aircraft System 

Western States Fire Missions. Monographs in 

Aerospace History, No. 44, 2009. NASA SP2009-4544.

Fisher, Steven C., and Shamim A. Rahman. Remembering the Giants: Apollo Rocket Propulsion 

Development. Monographs in Aerospace History, 

No. 45, 2009. NASA SP-2009-4545.

Gelzer, Christian. Fairing Well: From Shoebox to Bat 

Truck and Beyond, Aerodynamic Truck Research at 

NASA’s Dryden Flight Research Center. Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 46, 2011. 

NASA SP-2011-4546.

Arrighi, Robert. Pursuit of Power: NASA’s Propulsion 

Systems Laboratory No. 1 and 2. Monographs 

in Aerospace History, No. 48, 2012. NASA SP2012-4548.

Goodrich, Malinda K., Alice R. Buchalter, and 

Patrick M. Miller, comps. Toward a History of the 

Space Shuttle: An Annotated Bibliography, Part 2 

(1992–2011). Monographs in Aerospace History, 

No. 49, 2012. NASA SP-2012-4549.

Gelzer, Christian. The Spoken Word III: Recollections 

of Dryden History; The Shuttle Years. Monographs 

in Aerospace History, No. 52, 2013. NASA SP2013-4552.

Ross, James C. NASA Photo One. Monographs in 

Aerospace History, No. 53, 2013. NASA SP2013-4553.

Launius, Roger D. Historical Analogs for the Stimulation of Space Commerce. Monographs in Aerospace History, No 54, 2014. NASA SP-2014-

4554.

Buchalter, Alice R., and Patrick M. Miller, comps. 

The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics: 

An Annotated Bibliography. Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 55, 2014. NASA SP-2014-

4555.

Chambers, Joseph R., and Mark A. Chambers. 

Emblems of Exploration: Logos of the NACA and 

NASA. Monographs in Aerospace History, No. 

56, 2015. NASA SP-2015-4556.

ELECTRONIC MEDIA, NASA SP-4600:

Remembering Apollo 11: The 30th Anniversary Data 

Archive CD-ROM. NASA SP-4601, 1999.

Remembering Apollo 11: The 35th Anniversary Data 

Archive CD-ROM. NASA SP-2004-4601, 2004. 

This is an update of the 1999 edition.
NASA History Series // 151

The Mission Transcript Collection: U.S. Human Spaceflight Missions from Mercury Redstone 3 to Apollo 

17. NASA SP-2000-4602, 2001.

Shuttle-Mir: The United States and Russia Share History’s Highest Stage. NASA SP-2001-4603, 2002.

U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission Presents Born of 

Dreams—Inspired by Freedom. NASA SP-2004-

4604, 2004.

Of Ashes and Atoms: A Documentary on the NASA 

Plum Brook Reactor Facility. NASA SP-2005-

4605, 2005.

Taming Liquid Hydrogen: The Centaur Upper Stage 

Rocket Interactive CD-ROM. NASA SP-2004-

4606, 2004.

Fueling Space Exploration: The History of NASA’s 

Rocket Engine Test Facility DVD. NASA SP2005-4607, 2005.

Altitude Wind Tunnel at NASA Glenn Research 

Center: An Interactive History CD-ROM. NASA 

SP-2008-4608, 2008.

A Tunnel Through Time: The History of NASA’s Altitude Wind Tunnel. NASA SP-2010-4609, 2010.

CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS,

NASA SP-4700:

Dick, Steven J., and Keith Cowing, eds. Risk and 

Exploration: Earth, Sea and the Stars. NASA SP2005-4701, 2005.

Dick, Steven J., and Roger D. Launius. Critical Issues 

in the History of Spaceflight. NASA SP-2006-

4702, 2006.

Dick, Steven J., ed. Remembering the Space Age: 

Proceedings of the 50th Anniversary Conference. 

NASA SP-2008-4703, 2008.

Dick, Steven J., ed. NASA’s First 50 Years: Historical 

Perspectives. NASA SP-2010-4704, 2010.

SOCIETAL IMPACT, NASA SP-4800:

Dick, Steven J., and Roger D. Launius. Societal Impact of Spaceflight. NASA SP-2007-4801, 2007.

Dick, Steven J., and Mark L. Lupisella. Cosmos and 

Culture: Cultural Evolution in a Cosmic Context. 

NASA SP-2009-4802, 2009.

Dick, Steven J. Historical Studies in the Societal Impact of Spaceflight. NASA SP-2015-4803, 2015.

∕∕ 153

INDEX

A

Acaba, Joseph, 107–108

Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), 44, 111

AERCam, 6 

Afanasyev, Victor, 15–17, 38

Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS), 136 

Altman, Scott, 22, 42–45, 109–111

Anderson, Clayton, 79–83, 85–91, 93, 124–126

anniversary of John Glenn’s spaceflight, 42

Antonelli, Dominic, 107–108, 126–127

Apollo space program (U.S.), vii

Archambault, Lee, 81–82, 107–108

ARISSat-1, 139–140

Arnold, Richard, 107–109

Ashby, Jeffrey, 32–33, 51–52

astronauts. See individual names.

Atlantis (space shuttle). See Also Space Shuttle

Columbus Lab serviced by, 93

and contamination, 29–30

Destiny serviced by, 29–30, 45–47

Dextre serviced by, 126–127, 138–139

and experiments, 3

Hubble serviced by, 109–112

ISS serviced by, 21, 50–52, 71–73, 80–83, 127–128

Kibo Lab serviced by, 118–119

Ku antenna installation, 126–127

largest payload capabilities, 118

and Mir repairs, 1–3

payload bay of, 94, 118, 126, 139

repairs to, 82

Quest serviced by, 34–36, 47, 94–95, 120

Unity serviced by, 34

Zarya/Zvezda serviced by, 22 

Automatic Transfer Vehicle (ATV)

antennas, 59–62, 73, 79

cables, 68–69, 79–80

camera replacement 128–129

docking of, 59, 61–62, 64, 129

launch, 80

work delayed, 57 

Avdeyev, Sergei, 10–11, 15–17

B

Barratt, Michael, 112–113, 134–135

Barry, Daniel, 15–16, 36

Bearing Motor Roll Ring Module (BMRRM), 93 

Behnken, Robert, 95–96, 121–124, 122

Beta Gimbal Assembly (BGA), 39, 71, 76, 91

Biorisk experiment, 64, 67–69, 100–101, 121, 139

defined, 61, 80, 105

Bloomfield, Michael, 3, 25–26, 45–47

Boe, Eric, 102–104, 134–135

Boeing, 22

Boming, Liu, 101

Borisenko, Andrey, 139

Bowen, Stephen, 71, 102–104, 126–127, 134–136

Bowersox, Kenneth, 55

Bresnik, Randolph, 118–120

“broom.” See Bearing Motor Roll Ring Module (BMRRM)

Brown, Curtis, 17–18

BTLS-N (Onboard Laser Communications Terminal), 

139–140

BTN-Neutron-Radiation-ISS experiment, 73

Budarin, Nikolai, 8–10, 55

Burbank, Daniel, 22, 71–72

Bursch, Daniel, 41–42

C

Cabana, Robert, 11

Caldwell Dyson, Tracy (née Caldwell), 84–85, 128–130

Camarda, Charles, 62–63

Camera Light Pan Tilt Assembly (CLPA), 96 

Canada, 25–26, 32, 48, 72–73, 96

Canadarm, 34, 43, 74–76

Canadarm2, 54. See Also Space Station Remote 

Manipulator System (SSRMS)

ammonia tank replacement, 116

base replacement, 124, 139

cameras, 38, 41, 55, 90, 104

Columbus Lab transport, 94

control of, 135

coolant pump serviced by, 130, 139

defined, 32–33

end effectors, 109

experiments installed by, 95, 139

foot restraints, 83, 102, 117–118

grasping tool, 102–103

gyroscope replacement, 84

Harmony as work platform for, 86, 89

installation of, 32–33, 48

Kibo Lab serviced by, 95, 114

and Mobile Transporter, 45–46
154 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

nitrogen tank replaced by, 94, 99

and Orbiter Boom Sensor System (OBSS), 97

Quest lifted by, 34 

reach of, 138

repairs to, 49

repairs to Discovery, 63

ridden, 46–47, 52–53, 63, 88 

truss segment installed by, 107

as work platform, 52, 69–70 

Canadian Space Agency (CSA), 15, 25–26, 32, 48, 

71–72, 84 

Capsule Communicator (CAPCOM), 42 

Carey, Duane, 42–45

Cassidy, Christopher, 113–116

Ceccacci, Tony, 111

Centerline Berthing Camera System, 95

Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES), 3, 15 

Chamitoff, Gregory, 98–100, 102–104, 136–137

Chang-Diaz, Franklin, 48–49

Chawla, Kalpana, 5–6

Chiao, Leroy, 23–24, 61–62

China National Space Administration (CNSA), 101 

Chinese astronauts. See taikonauts

Chretien, Jean-Loup, 3

“Christmas Tree,” 79–80

Clervoy, Jean-François, 17

Cockrell, Kenneth, 29–30, 48–49

Coleman, Catherine, 133–134

Collins, Eileen, 62–63

collision, (Progress-Spektr), 1–2, 2

Columbia (space shuttle), 1, 5–6, 9, 16, 42–45, 126.

See Also Space Shuttle

accident, vii–viii, 55–56, 71

Columbus Laboratory

serviced by Atlantis, 93

serviced by Discovery, 117

serviced by Endeavour, 115

energy source, 86

experiments, 94–97, 119, 125–126, 135

Grappling Adaptor to On-Orbit Railing (GATOR) 

installation, 119

installation of, 93–97, 115–117

preparations, 86, 90

trusses, 86

Common Berthing Mechanism (CBM) 

cleaning of (on ISS), 83

of Harmony, 89, 98–99, 102, 104, 113–114, 119

of Kibo Lab, 99, 113–114

of Unity, 12, 55, 113–114

Conrad, Charles, Jr., viii

contamination, 

covers, 98, 114

and decontamination procedures, 90, 129

monitors, 37–38, 69

prevention of, 29, 77, 137

of Solar Alpha Rotary Joint (SARJ), 91, 93, 98

of spacesuits, 112, 115

of Zvezda vent, 61

Control Moment Gyroscope (CMG) 

defined, 56

failure of, 62–63, 81, 84, 94–95, 97, 116–118

on Z1 truss, 48, 56

Remote Power Control Module (RPCM) of, 58

Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement 

(COSTAR), 111 

cosmonauts. See individual names

Creamer, Timothy, 121

Crew Equipment Translation Aid (CETA), 103

brake, 113–114

CETA-A/CETA-B (defined), 51

cameras, 51

equipment transfer by, 78

foot restraints, 113–114

launch locks/restraints, 51–53

lights, 47, 55–56, 71, 135–136

rail extensions for, 134–135

relocation of, 74–75, 85, 102–103, 108–109

stanchion, 55–56

as stowage, 118, 125

Culbertson, Frank, 36–39

Cupola (ISS), 122–123, 135

Curbeam, Robert, 29–30, 74–76

Currie, Nancy, 11–12, 42–45

D

damage. See Also leaks

to Discovery, 62

to Kvant modules, 2, 21

to Port Six, 88

prevention of, 24, 69, 71, 97

to Solar Alpha Rotary Joint (SARJ), 98, 102

to spacesuits, 87–88, 95

to Spektr, 2, 1–3, 8, 10

to Unity, 112

Danko experiment, 11

Danko-M experiment, 17

DC-1. See Pirs module (ISS)

De Winne, Frank, 112–113

debris, 1–2, 39, 91, 93, 102, 104

samples, 87, 98

debris shields, 67, 82, 86, 94, 125

installed on Kibo Lab, 99–100

installed on Zvezda, 49–50, 75

stowed in Unity-Zarya tunnel, 48

Decompression Sickness, 71

decontamination procedures, 90, 129

Destiny module (ISS), 86

ammonia cooling loops, 89–90, 123

antennas, 136

as EVA base, 56

cables, 36, 45–46, 89

cameras, 51

Canadarm2, 32–33, 135

debris shield, 94
Index // 155

handrails, 36

installation of, 29–30 

lights, 47, 89–90, 126

radiator, 26

struts, 46

vacuum system valve, 71

and Z1 truss, 77–78

Dextre (ISS), 96–97, 116, 126, 135, 137–139

Dezhurov, Vladimir, 36–39

Discovery (space shuttle). See Also Space Shuttle

Mir serviced by, 1–2, 10–11

and Canadarm2 testing, 69

Columbus Lab serviced by, 117

damage to, 62

Destiny serviced by, 36–37, 126

and experiments, 116, 124

with female mission commanders, 86

Harmony serviced by, 86

Hubble serviced by, 17–19

Interface Umbilical Assembly installation, 69–70

and ISS construction, 22–24, 62–63, 86–88, 107–109, 

135–136

ISS cargo cranes delivered by, 15–16

and ISS Port Six problems, 76

ISS power grid installation, 73–76

Kibo Lab serviced by, 99–100, 124

Leonardo serviced by, 30–31

and Orbital Boom Sensor testing, 69

payload bay of, 70, 86, 98, 117, 124–125, 135

repairs to, 63

robotic arm of, 31–32, 17–19, 98

Tranquility module serviced by, 117–118

and vacuum collection, 134–135

Doi, Takao, 5–6, 95–96

Drew, Alvin, 84–85, 134–136

Duffy, Brian, 23

Dutton, James, 124–125

Dvikon material exposure experiment, 11, 16

E

Early Ammonia Servicer (EAS), 36, 77–78, 83 

Early Communication antenna (ECOMM), 12, 16, 21–22 

Ekran-D experiment, 17

Electronic Support Module (ESM), 44 

Endeavour (space shuttle), 8, 21, 25, 98, 108. See Also 

Space Shuttle

Columbus Lab serviced by, 115

Destiny serviced by, 32–33, 49, 123, 136

Dextre serviced by, 96, 116, 137

and experiments, 84–86, 96, 136

Harmony serviced by, 95, 97, 113–116

and ISS construction, 25–27, 39–40, 47–49, 52–54, 

83–86, 101–104

ISS photographed, 13

launch rescheduled, 39

payload bay of, 39, 49–49, 102, 138

Tranquility serviced by, 121–124

Unity serviced by, 11, 24–25, 113, 121–123, 138

Zarya serviced by, 11–12, 137–138

European Space Agency (ESA) 

ammonia tank, 117

astronauts, 8–10, 15, 17, 32, 64, 69–73, 93–97

Automatic Transfer Vehicle (ATV), 59

and Canadarm2, 49

Columbus Lab, 86–90, 93–94

downloading from ISS, 133

experiments, 94–95, 105, 117

Hubble EVA, 18

ISS rewiring, 74–75

Port Five truss, 73–76

Port Six truss, 48, 73–74, 76

Starboard One truss, 73–74

Tranquility EVA, 117–118

European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF), 94–95, 

116–117 

EVA personnel. See spacewalkers; individual names

EVAs (extravehicular activities)

and abandoned tasks, 58, 139

anniversary of Glenn’s spaceflight, 42

Beta Gimbal Assembly connection, 76

breathing problems during, 3

commercial uses of, 37–38, 73

and contamination prevention, 29, 77, 90

and Columbia accident, 56–57, 71

dangers of, 1–2

defined, viii

elimination of, 56–57

Decompression Sickness prevention, 71

and emergency drills, 30

50th anniversary of, vii

first Canadarm2 ride, 46

first Canadian spacewalker, 32

first Chinese spacewalkers, 101

first EVA for ISS, 33

first Japanese spacewalker, 5

grease samples from, 137

Hubble serviced by, 17–19, 19, 42–45, 109–112

impromptu, 76

innovations of, 12–13, 16, 19, 24, 34, 37, 69, 96, 98

ISS exterior inspection, 107

with ISS unattended, 57

last of Mir program, 21

last of Space Shuttle program, 139

length of (defined), viii

live video of, 133–134

longest in Shuttle history, 31

lubrication of Solar Alpha Rotary Joint (SARJ), 103

most experience female spacewalker, 79

most EVAs by a spacewalker, 78–79

100th for ISS, 91

and precautionary measures, 36, 85, 104, 127, 137

from Quest airlock, 35

and repairs to Discovery, 63

Remote Manipulator System (RMS), 25
156 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

requirements of, 55

Russian wearing U.S. spacesuit during, 55

with Shuttle docked to Mir, 3

solar array, 25

spacewalkers (order of), viii

Sputnik’s 40th anniversary, 11, 15

Strela boom first use, 5

tools for, 15–16, 19, 35, 42, 70, 78, 89, 127, 135

200th spacewalker, 135

and unscheduled tasks, 5–6, 56, 76, 82, 101

by women (milestones), 79, 86

Exobiology experiment, 16

Expedition Space Program, 52–54, 120, 124, 128–131

additional EVA, 56

ARISSat-1 launched, 139–140

with Atlantis, 139

and Automatic Transfer Vehicle (ATV), 59–62, 

128–129, 133–134

Bearing Motor Roll Ring Module (BMRRM), 93

Beta Gimbal Assembly (BGA), 39–40

with Canadarm2, 52, 62–63, 86–89

and Columbia accident, 56–58, 71

Columbus Lab serviced by, 86

crane, 6, 16

Destiny serviced by, 51, 77–78, 86, 89

with Discovery, 30–32, 36–37, 62–63, 86–88

with Endeavour, 30, 136–137 

EVA postponed, 67

experiments, 64

golf demonstration, 73

Harmony serviced by, 86, 88–91

Hubble serviced by, 109–112

with ISS unattended, 57

intravehicular activity (IVA), 113

Kibo Lab serviced by, 86, 113–114

last EVA of Shuttle program 139

Leonardo serviced by, 31

Materials International Space Station Experiment 

(MISSE), 70–71, 85–86

Mobile Base System (MBS), 48–49

with Mobile Transporter, 52, 65

Mini-Research Module-2 serviced by, 121, 139–140

Orlan spacesuit testing, 33

ORU Transfer Device, 6, 16

Pirs serviced by, 37–39, 41, 79

Port Six serviced by, 47–48, 83, 85

with Progress, 39, 79, 128

and Quest airlock, 34, 64, 78, 83, 85

Radioskaf-V launched, 139–140

“SuitSat,” 67, 68

Soyuz serviced by, 100

Tranquility serviced by, 121–122

Unity serviced by, 55, 121–122

Zarya serviced by, 50

Zvezda serviced by, 37–39, 41–42, 49–50, 61, 79–80, 

100–101, 107, 113

experiments (various), 1, 21, 31, 79–80

Biorisk, 61, 64, 67–69, 80, 100–101, 105, 121, 139

BTLS-N (Onboard Laser Communications Terminal), 

139–140

BTN-Neutron-Radiation-ISS, 73

of Columbus Lab, 94–97, 119, 125–126, 135

Danko, 11

Danko-M, 17

data downlink, 133

and Dextre, 96, 139

Dvikon material exposure, 11, 16

Ekran-D, 17

Electronic Support Module (ESM), 44

European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF), 

94–95, 116–117

Exobiology, 16

Expose-R, 104–105, 107, 133–134

Expedite the Processing of Experiments (ExPRESS), 120

French, 11, 15–16

Georgian-Russian, 16–17

German, 79–80

Impulse, 104–105

Indicator, 17

Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), 98, 108

Keramika, 11

of Kibo Lab, 95, 98, 104, 114, 124

Komet, 11

Komplast, 12, 134

Komza, 8–9

Kontur, 130–131

Korma, 64

Kromka, 37, 41, 49–50, 57, 59, 68

on Kvant 2 module, 4, 7, 11, 17

Materials International Space Station Experiment 

(MISSE), 36, 63, 84, 96–97, 116–117, 119–120, 

136, 139

Matryoshka, 57, 64

Micro-Particle Capturer and Space Environment 

Exposure Devices (MPAC/SEED) experiment, 57, 

60–61, 64, 124

Micrometeoroid and Orbital Debris (MMOD) experiment, 15, 75, 79–80, 83

Migmas, 11, 17

Molniya-Gamma, 134

nanosatellite, 61

National Space Development Agency of Japan 

(NASDA), 37, 50

Non-Oxide Adhesive eXperiment (NOAX), 70

Optical Properties Monitor (OPM), 7

Platan-M, 41–42, 57, 59

Radiometria, 134

Rassvet (MRM-1), 126, 128, 128–131, 133

Replaceable Cassette Container (SKK) experiment, 42, 

57, 59, 107

Rokviss, 61

with Shuttle tiles, 97

SMMK, 11

solar array, 11
Index // 157

Space Portable Spectroreflectormeter (SPSR) experiment, 7

Spika, 11

Sprut, 11 

Sprut-4, 17

Sun Monitoring on the External Payload Facility of 

Columbus (SOLAR), 94–95

vacuum bottle, 134–135

on VDU (Vynosnaya Dvigatel’naya Ustanovka), 9

Vsplesk, 100–101

Expedite the Processing of Experiments (ExPRESS), 120 

Expose-R experiment, 104–105, 107, 133–134

External Television Camera Group (ETVCG), 100 

External Wireless Communication, 137–138

extravehicular activities. See EVAs

Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU), 34, 136–137

Eyherts, Leopold, 8–10, 88–91, 93–95

F

Feitan spacesuits, 101

Ferguson, Christopher, 71–72, 102–104, 139

Feustel, Andrew, 109–111, 136–138

50th anniversary of EVAs, vii

Fincke, Michael, 58–60, 104–105, 107, 136–138

Flex Hose Rotary Coupler, 102

flight controllers, 21, 26, 81, 87–88, 104, 111. See Also

Mission Control

Russian, 50, 62, 73, 105

U.S., 12, 59

Flight Releasable Attachment Mechanism, 83

Flight Releasable Grapple Fixture (FRGF), 24 

Floating Potential Measurement Unit (FPMU), 70–71, 119 

Floating Potential Probe (FPP), 26–27, 64–65 

Foale, Michael, 1–3, 17–18, 57

Ford, Kevin, 116–117

Foreman, Michael, 95–96, 118–119

Forrester, Patrick, 36, 81–83, 116–117

Fossum, Michael, 69–70, 98–100, 139

France, 15–16

Frick, Stephen, 45–47, 93–94

Fuglesang, Christer, 74–76, 116–118

Functional Cargo Block (FGB), 12, 50, 80, 88, 134–135, 

138. See Also Zarya.

Furukawa, Satoshi, 139

G

Garan, Ronald, 98–100, 139

Garneau, Marc, 25–26

Gemini space program (U.S.), vii

Georgia (nation), 16–17

Germany, 61–62, 79

Gernhardt, Michael, 34–35

Gidzenko, Yuri, 31

Glenn, John, Jr., 42

Glenn Research Center, 7

Gleesa camera, 2–3

Godwin, Linda, 39–40

Goldin, Daniel, 1

Good, Michael, 109–111, 126–127

Gorie, Dominic, 39, 95–96

GPS (Global Positioning System), 61–62, 71, 79–80, 83, 

104, 108 

Grappling Adaptor to On-Orbit Railing (GATOR), 119 

Grunsfeld, John, 17–19, 19, 42–45, 109–111

Guidoni, Umberto, 32–33

H

Hadfield, Chris, 32–33

Haignere, Claudie, 38 

Haignere, Jean-Pierre, 15–17, 38

Haipeng, Jing, 101

Halsell, James, 21

Ham, Kenneth, 98–99, 126–127

ham radios, 50, 67, 119

Hard Upper Torso (HUT), 44 

Harmony module (ISS), 83, 86–90, 95–98, 102, 

113–115, 138

Helms, Susan, 21, 31, 33–34, 36

Hernandez, Jose, 116–117

Herrington, John, 52–54

Higginbotham, Joan, 74–76

Hire, Kathryn, 121–122

Hobaugh, Charles, 34–35, 84–85, 118–119

“Hope” Laboratory. See Kibo Laboratory

Horowitz, Scott “Doc”, 21, 36

Hoshide, Akihiko, 98–99

Hubble Space Telescope (HST), 17–19, 19, 42–45, 

109–112

25th anniversary of, vii

Hubble Ultra Deep Field, 44

Hurley, Douglas, 113–116, 139

Husband, Rick, 15

I

Impulse experiment, 104–105

Indicator experiment, 17

Interface Umbilical Assembly, 69–70

Integrated Cargo Carrier-Vertical Light Deployable (ICCVLD), 127 

International Space Station (ISS), 25, 76

abandoned EVA, 109

altitude loss of, 81

ARISSat-1, 139–140

assembly of (initial), vii, 11–13, 16, 21–27, 32, 38–42

Automatic Transfer Vehicle (ATV), 57, 59, 61

Bearing Motor Roll Ring Module (BMRRM), 93

Canadarm2, 41, 45–49, 52–55, 63

“Christmas Tree,” 79–80

and Columbia accident, 57

Columbus Lab, 86, 93–94, 96, 116–117, 119

contamination, 115

Control Moment Gyroscope (CMG) failure, 84

Cupola, 122, 135

damage, 87–88, 98

debris, 91, 102
158 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

decontamination, 90

delayed EVA, 115, 120, 135

Destiny, 26, 29–36, 45–47, 51, 56

Dextre, 97, 116

Discovery docked, 62–63

golf EVA, 73

Harmony, 86–90, 95, 97

impromptu EVA, 76, 82

Kibo Lab, 86, 95, 98–100, 108–109, 113–114

last EVA by Shuttle crew, 139

leaks, 29, 137

Leonardo, 31

Mobile Base System (MBS), 48–49

Mobile Transporter, 45–49, 52, 54

MRM-1 (“Rassvet” Mini-Research Module-1), 126, 

128, 128–131, 133 

MRM-2 (Mini-Research Module-2), 112–113, 121, 139

photographed, 13

Pirs, 38, 38–39, 50, 59–60, 128

preparations, 5–6, 58

Quest airlock, 35, 42, 47, 77–78

Radioskaf-V, 139–140

Rassvet (MRM-1), 126, 128, 128–131, 133

“rats’ nest”, 77–78, 89

record set, 76, 78

Shenzhou 7, 101

Spool Positioning Devices, 51–53, 71

Tranquility, 117–118, 121–124

unattended, 57

Unity, 41, 47, 55

Zarya, 41, 50, 59, 80

Zvezda, 38–39, 41–42, 48, 50, 57, 59, 61–62

intravehicular activities. See IVAs 

Italy, 31, 86

IVAs (intravehicular activities), 6, 10, 23, 33, 113 

Ivins, Marsha, 29–30

J

Japan, 5, 37, 57, 60, 86, 107–109

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), 62–63, 

134–135. See Also National Space Development 

Agency of Japan (NASDA)

Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), 98, 108 

JEM Television Electronics (JTVE), 99 

Jernigan, Tamara, 15–16

jet backpacks, 3, 12–13, 24, 70

Jett, Brent, Jr., 25–26, 71–72

Johnson, Gregory, 95–96, 109–111, 136–137

Jones, Thomas, 29–30

“Jules Verne.” See Automatic Transfer Vehicle (ATV)

K

Kadenyuk, Leonid, 5–6

Kaleri, Alexander, 21, 57, 130, 133–134

Kavandi, Janet, 34–35

Kelly, James, 31, 62–63

Kelly, Mark, 39, 69–70, 98–99, 136–137

Kelly, Scott, 17–18, 84–85, 130, 133–134

Kennedy Space Center, 109

Keramika experiment, 11

Kibo Laboratory, 86, 116

serviced by Atlantis, 118–119

serviced by Canadarm2, 95, 114

Common Berthing Mechanism (CBM), 99, 113–114

serviced by Discovery, 99–100, 124

experiments, 95, 98, 104, 114, 124

GPS antenna, 108

Harmony connected to, 98

Kimbrough, Shane, 102–104, 103

Komet experiment, 11

Komplast experiment, 12, 134

Komza experiment, 8–9

Kondratyev, Dmitry, 133–134

Kononenko, Oleg, 100–101

Kontur experiment, 130–131

Kopra, Timothy, 113–117

Korma experiment, 64

Kornienko, Mikhail, 128–130

Korzun, Valery, 49

Kotov, Oleg, 79–80, 83, 85, 121

Kozeev, Konstantin, 38

Kregel, Kevin, 5–6

Krikalev, Sergei, 11–12, 31, 64

Kromka experiment, 37, 41, 49–50, 57, 59, 68

Ku antenna, 126–127

Kurs radio telemetry system, 37–39, 73, 100, 112, 121

Kvant modules (Mir), 4–5, 7–9, 11, 15–17

L

LAN (local area network), 80, 82

Langmuir probe, 104–105

Lawrence, Wendy, 3, 62–63

leaks. See Also damage 

heat (NICMOS), 45

on ISS, 29

on Kvant 2 module, 16

in spacesuits, 44, 85, 129–130, 135

on Spektr, 1–3 

at Port Six loop, 137

pump, 136

repair of, 15, 21 

Zarya-Zvezda, 50–51

Leonardo module (ISS), 31

Lightweight Multi-Purpose Equipment Support Structure 

Carrier (LMC), 102 

Lindsey, Steven, 5–6, 34–35, 69–70, 134–135

Linnehan, Richard, 42–45, 95–97

Lockhart, Paul, 48–49, 52–53

Lonchakov, Yuri, 32–33, 104–105, 107

Lopez-Alegria, Michael, 23–24, 52–54, 73, 77–79

Love, Stanley, 93–94

Lu, Edward, 22
Index // 159

M

MacLean, Steven, 71–72

Magnus, Sandra, 51–52, 102–104, 107–108, 139

Malenchenko, Yuri, 22, 88–91, 93

Manual Berthing Mechanism, 24

Marshburn, Thomas, 113–116

Massimino, Michael, 42–45, 109–111

Mastracchio, Richard, 22, 84–85, 124–125

Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE), 

36, 63, 84, 96–97, 116–117, 119–120, 136, 139

Matryoshka experiment, 57, 64

McArthur, K. Megan, 109–111

McArthur, William, 23–24, 64–65, 67

Melroy, Pamela, 23, 51–52, 86–88

Melvin, Leland, 93–94, 118–119

“Message in a Bottle,” 135

Metcalf-Lindenburger, Dorothy, 124–125

Micro-Particle Capturer and Space Environment Exposure 

Devices (MPAC/SEED) experiment, 57, 60–61, 64, 124

Micrometeoroid and Orbital Debris (MMOD) experiment, 

15, 75, 79–80, 83

Migmas experiment, 11, 17

Mir Experimental Effects Payloads (MEEPS), 3

Mir space station (Soviet/Russia), vii 

damage to, 1–3, 2, 7–8

experiments, 3, 9, 11, 16–17

intravehicular activity (IVA), 10

last EVA of, 21

reentry of, 32

Sputnik anniversary launches, 11, 15

VDU (Vynosnaya Dvigatel’naya Ustanovka), 9–10

Mission Control, 8, 10, 42, 51, 72, 109, 140. See Also

flight controllers

Houston, 38, 55, 71, 133–134, 137

Moscow, 38, 133–134

Mobile Base System (MBS), 48–49, 69, 82, 119, 129–130 

Mobile Transporter, 45–49, 69, 109, 126, 135

cables, 48–49, 52–54, 67, 69–70

circuit breakers, 64–65, 83

failures of, 64–65

lubrication of, 118–119

photographed, 104

as stowage, 125

Molniya-Gamma, 134

Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image (MAXI), 113–114 

Morgan, Barbara, 84–85

Morin, Lee, 45–47

Morokov, Bori, 22

MPLM (“Raffaello” Multi-Purpose Logistics Module), 55 

MRM-1 (“Rassvet” Mini-Research Module-1), 126, 128, 

128–131, 133 

MRM-2 (Mini-Research Module-2), 112–113, 121, 139

Musabayev, Talgat, 8–10

N

nanosatellite experiment, 61

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), 

vii, 1, 5, 126, 133–134

NASA Glenn Research Center, 7

National Space Agency of Ukraine (NSAU), 5 

National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA), 

5, 23, 37, 50. See Also Japan Aerospace Exploration 

Agency (JAXA)

Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer 

(NICMOS), 17–18 

Nespoli, Paolo, 86–88, 133–134

Newman, James, 11–13, 42–45

Nicollier, Claude, 17–18

Nitrogen Tank Assembly (NTA), 99, 102 

Node 1. See Unity module (ISS)

Node 2. See Harmony module (ISS)

Node 3. See Tranquility module (ISS)

Noguchi, Soichi, 62–63, 121

Non-Oxide Adhesive eXperiment (NOAX), 70 

Noriega, Carlos, 25–27

Nowak, Lisa, 69–70

Nyberg, Karen, 98–99

O

Ochoa, Ellen, 15, 45–47

Oefelein, William, 74–76

Olivas, Danny, 81–82, 116–118

Onboard Laser Communications Terminal (BTLS-N), 

139–140

Onufrienko, Yuri, 39, 41–42

Optical Properties Monitor (OPM), 7 

Orbital Maneuvering System (OMS), 82

Orbital Replacement Unit (ORU), 21, 50, 126–127 

ORU Transfer Device, 6, 16

Orbiter Boom Sensor System (OBSS), 69, 97–98 

Orlan spacesuits, 37, 41, 59, 101, 129, 134

failures, 50, 57–58

“SuitSat,” 67, 68

testing of, 33–34 

P

Padalka, Gennady, 10–11, 58–60, 112–113

Parazynski, Scott, 3, 32–33, 86–88

Patrick, Nicholas, 74–76, 121–124

Payette, Julie, 15, 113–116

Payload Attachment System (PAS), 114, 116, 119 

Payload Orbital Replacement Unit Accommodation 

(POA), 48–49 

Perrin, Philippe, 48–49

Pettit, Donald, 55, 102–104

Phillips, John, 32–33, 64, 107–108

Pirs module (ISS), 38, 128

Biorisk experiment, 80, 105

defined, 37
160 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

docking components, 107, 128, 128–129 

Expose-R experiment stored, 133

foot restraints, 79, 134

handrails, 59–60

insulation, 131

serviced by Discovery, 37–39

Langmuir probe, 105

protective ring, 57

Strela mounted on, 41, 80, 100

“SuitSat” launched from, 67

Platan-M experiment, 41–42, 57, 59

PMAs (Pressurized Mating Adaptors): 

PMA-1 (Unity-Zarya tunnel), 11, 41, 48, 50, 71

PMA-2, 29–30, 78, 88–90

PMA-3, 67, 123, 139

and berth of Leonardo, 31

“Christmas Tree,” 79–80

data cables, 123

disconnected from Unity, 31 

docked with Tranquility, 117–118

docked with Unity, 23

EVA deferred, 64

heater lines, 117–118, 123

installed on Unity, 23 

installed on Tranquility, 123

insulation cover, 139

Micrometeoroid and Orbital Debris (MMOD) protection panels, 75, 79–80 

relocation of, 31, 83, 123

as stowage, 67, 75, 93

Poindexter, Alan, 93–94, 124–125

Poisk module. See MRM-2 (Mini-Research Module-2).

Polansky, Mark, 29–30, 74–76, 113–116

Portable Power Plant (PPP), 8–10 

Power Control Unit (PCU), 44 

Power and Data Grapple Fixture, 33, 48, 89, 137–138

Pressurized Mating Adaptors. See PMAs

Progress supply vehicle, 1–2, 39, 73, 79, 89, 121, 128

Proximity Communications Equipment (PCE), 61–62 

Q

Quest module (ISS), 86

airlock, 35

Airlock Spur, 46–47

debris shields, 125

first use by Russian cosmonaut, 55

first use since Columbia accident, 64

first use without Shuttle docked, 42

oxygen tank, 119–120, 124

photographed, 94–95

precautionary measures in, 71, 85

record set, 78

sharp edge on handrail, 94–95

slept in, 71

as stowage, 82

Unity airlock, 34–35

R

Radiator Beam Valve, 56, 135

Radiometria experiment, 134

Radioskaf-V, 139–140

Raffaello Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM), 55 

Rassvet Mini-Research Module (MRM-1), 126, 128, 

128–131, 133

Rate Sensor Unit (RSU), 17–18, 110

“rats’ nest,” 77–78, 89

Reilly, James, 34–35, 35, 81–82

Reisman, Garrett, 88–91, 93, 95–96, 98–99, 126–127

Reiter, Thomas, 69–71, 73–79

Remote Manipulator System (RMS), 5, 19, 25, 25, 29 

Remote Power Control Module (RPCM), 58, 88–89, 97, 

117–118, 134

Replaceable Cassette Container (SKK) experiment, 42, 57, 

59, 107 

Richards, Paul, 31–32

Robinson, Stephen, 62–63, 121–124

Robotic Refueling Mission, 139

Rokviss experiment, 61

Romanenko, Roman, 112–113

Rominger, Kent, 15, 32–33

Ross, Jerry, 11–13, 45–47

Russian Federal Space Agency (RSA), 133 

S

SAFER jet backpacks, 3, 12–13, 24, 70 

Salyut Space Program (Soviet/Russia), vii

Samokutyaev, Alexander, 139

Satcher, Robert, 118–120

Schlegel, Hans, 93–94

Scott, Winston, 5–6

Sellers, Piers, 51–52, 69–70, 126–127

Service Module Debris Protection (SMDP), 80 

Sharipov, Salizhan, 61–62

Shenzhou space program (China), vii, 56, 64, 101

Shepherd, William, 31

shuttle. See Space Shuttle (U.S.)

Shuttle-Mir space program, vii, 1–3, 7–10, 16, 21

SKK (Replaceable Cassette Container) experiment, 42, 57, 

59, 107 

Skripochka, Oleg, 130–131, 133–134

Skvortsov, Alexander, 128–130

Skylab space station (U.S.), vii–viii

SMMK experiment, 11

Smith, Steven, 17–19, 19, 45–47

Solar Alpha Rotary Joint (SARJ) 

ammonia pump tank, 137

cleaning of, 98, 102

condition of, 90–91

cover, 136–137

debris, 87, 91, 98

defined, 72

launch locks/restraints, 72, 81

lubrication of, 102–104, 103, 137

Trundle Bearing Assembly (TBA) of, 97
Index // 161

Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), 5 

Solar Array Alpha Joint, 87

solar arrays

“A” and “B” sides, 127

blanket box, 76

blankets, 26

cables, 1, 4, 10, 21, 26

cap, 3

cooling radiator, 72

damage, 1–3, 2, 8, 21

delayed, 75, 87–88

deployment of, 25–27, 39, 71, 81, 87–88

experimental, 11

foot restraints, 8, 109

handrails, 8

on Hubble, 43–44

inspection of, 76, 88, 91

installation of, 4–5, 23–24

joints, 87, 91, 134

launch restraints, 71

on P6 truss, 75–78, 81–82, 87–88, 88

on P6 truss (defined), 127

panels, 25

photographed, 77–78

relocation of, 85

on Zvezda, 38–39

Solovyov, Anatoli, 1–5, 7

Soyuz Space Program (Soviet/Russia), vii 

Soyuz space vehicles

docking on Pirs, 38, 107

docking on Rassvet (MRM-1), 128

inspection of, 100

and Langmuir probe, 104–105

photographed, 100

and Progress supply vehicle, 121

separation bolts of, 105

Space Portable Spectroreflectormeter (SPSR) experiment, 7 

Space Shuttle (U.S). See Also individual shuttles

airlock, 29

Columbia, loss of, vii–viii, 55–56, 71

docking to ISS, 33, 77, 122

end of program, 126, 139

Hubble serviced by, 42–45, 109–112

ISS debris shields, 50

largest payload (Atlantis), 118

last EVA with, 139

longest EVA, 31

payload bay of, 74, 102, 107, 110, 114, 117, 138

photographed, 72, 78

Power Transfer System (SSPTS), 77, 89–90

repairs to, 63, 69, 97

robotic arm, 23, 34, 85, 114–115

surface of, 16

Thermal Protection System, 62

wings, 72

Space Shuttle Power Transfer System (SSPTS), 77–78, 

89–90 

Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS), 30, 

33, 76. See Also Canadarm2

Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), 111 

Space Telescope Operations Control Center, 44

Spacelab pallet, 34, 96

spacesuits

ammonia crystals on, 29, 137

carbon dioxide in, 112, 115, 136

dislodgement of valve, 120

failures of Orlan suits, 50, 57–58

Feitan, 101

first American suit sued since Columbia accident, 64

first American suit worn by Russian, 55

leaks in, 44, 85, 88, 95 129–130, 135

and live video, 133–134

Orlan, 37, 41, 59, 101, 129, 134

“SuitSat,” 67, 68

testing of Orlan suits, 33–34

“TurtleSkin” gloves, 98

spacewalkers

Afanasyev, Victor, 15–17

Anderson, Clayton, 83, 85–86, 124–126

Arnold, Richard, 107–109

Avdeyev, Sergei, 16–17

Barratt, Michael, 112–113

Barry, Daniel, 15–16, 36

Behnken, Robert, 96, 121–124

Bowen, Stephen, 102–104, 126–127, 134–136

Bowersox, Kenneth, 55

Budarin, Nikolai, 8–10

Burbank, Daniel, 72

Bursch, Daniel, 41–42

Caldwell Dyson, Tracy (née Caldwell), 129–130

Cassidy, Christopher, 115

Chamitoff, Gregory, 136

Chang-Diaz, Franklin, 48–49

Chiao, Leroy, 23–24, 61–62

Culbertson, Frank, 38–39

Curbeam, Robert, 29–30, 74–76

Dezhurov, Vladimir, 37–39

Doi, Takao, 5–6

Drew, Alvin, 134–136

Feustel, Andrew, 109–110, 136–138

Fincke, Michael, 58–60, 104–105, 107, 137–138

Foale, Michael, 2–3, 18, 57

Foreman, Michael, 96, 118–119

Forrester, Patrick, 36, 81–83

Fossum, Michael, 69–70, 98–100, 139

Fuglesang, Christer, 74–76, 116–118

Garan, Ronald, 98–100, 139

Gernhardt, Michael, 34–35

Godwin, Linda, 39–40

Good, Michael, 109–110, 127

Grunsfeld, John, 17–19, 19, 42–45, 109–110

Hadfield, Chris, 32–33

Haignere, Jean-Pierre, 15

Helms, Susan, 31
162 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

Herrington, John, 52–54

Jernigan, Tamara, 15–16

Jones, Thomas, 29–30

Kaleri, Alexander, 21, 57

Kimbrough, Shane, 102–104

Kondratyev, Dmitry, 133–134

Kononenko, Oleg, 100–101

Kopra, Timothy, 113

Kornienko, Mikhail, 128–129

Kotov, Oleg, 79–80, 121

Krikalev, Sergei, 64

Linnehan, Richard, 42–45, 95–97

Lonchakov, Yuri, 104–105, 107

Lopez-Alegria, Michael, 23–24, 52–54, 77–79

Love, Stanley, 93–94

Lu, Edward, 22

MacLean, Steven, 72

Malenchenko, Yuri, 22, 88–89

Marshburn, Thomas, 114

Mastracchio, Richard, 84–85, 124–126

McArthur, William, 23–24, 64–65, 67

Musabayev, Talgat, 8–10

Newman, James, 11–13

Nicollier, Claude, 18

Noguchi, Soichi, 62–63

Noriega, Carlos, 25–27

Olivas, Danny, 81–82, 116–118

Onufrienko, Yuri, 41–42

Padalka, Gennady, 58–60, 112–113

Parazynski, Scott, 3, 33, 86–88

Patrick, Nicholas, 121–124

Perrin, Philippe, 48–49

Pettit, Donald, 55

Phillips, John, 64

Reilly, James, 34–35, 35, 81–82

Reisman, Garrett, 95, 126–127

Reiter, Thomas, 69–71

Richards, Paul, 31–32

Robinson, Stephen, 62–63

Ross, Jerry, 11–13

Samokutyaev, Alexander, 139

Satcher, Robert, 118–120, 119

Schlegel, Hans, 94

Scott, Winston, 5–6

Sellers, Piers, 51–52, 69–70

Sharipov, Salizhan, 61–62

Skripochka, Oleg, 130–131, 133–134

Smith, Steven, 17–19, 19, 45–47

Solovyov, Anatoli, 1–5, 7

Stefanyshyn-Piper, Heidemarie, 71–72, 102–103

Stott, Nicole, 116–117

Suraev, Maxim, 121

Swanson, Steven, 81–83, 107–109

Tani, Daniel, 39–40, 93

Tanner, Joseph R., 25–27, 25, 71–72, 89–91

Thomas, Andrew, 31–32

Titov, Vladimir, 3

Tokarev, Valeri Ivanovich, 64–65, 67

Tyurin, Mikhail, 37–38

Usachev, Yury, 33

Vinogradov, Pavel, 1, 4–5; coaching, 71

Volkov, Sergei, 100–101, 139

Voss, James, 21, 31, 33

Walheim, Rex, 45–47, 93–95

Walz, Carl, 41–42

Wheelock, Douglas, 86–88, 129–130

Whitson, Peggy, 52, 88–91, 93

Williams, Dave, 84–86

Williams, Jeffrey, 21, 70–71

Williams, Sunita, 75, 77–79

Wisoff, Peter, 23–24

Wolf, David, 7, 51–52, 113–115

Yurchikhin, Fyodor, 79–80, 83, 128–131

Zalyotin, Sergei, 21

spacewalks. See EVAs (extravehicular activities)

SPARTAN spacecraft, 5–6

Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator (SPDM). See

Dextre

Spektr module (Mir), 4, 8, 10

damage, 1–3, 2 

Spika experiment, 11

Sprut experiment, 11 

Sprut-4 experiments, 17

Spool Positioning Devices (SPD), 51–53, 56, 70–71 

Sputnik 99, 15

Sputnik anniversary satellite, 4, 11

Stefanyshyn-Piper, Heidemarie, 71–72, 102–104

Stott, Nicole, 116–119, 134–135

Sturckow, Frederick, 11–12, 36, 81–82, 116–117

“SuitSat,” 67, 68

Sun Monitoring on the External Payload Facility of 

Columbus (SOLAR), 94–95

Suraev, Maxim, 121

Swanson, Steven, 81–83, 107–109

T

taikonauts, vii, 101 

Tani, Daniel, 39–40, 86–91, 93

Tanner, Joseph R., 25–27, 25, 71–72, 89–91

Thales Alenia Space, 86

Thirsk, Robert, 112–113

Thomas, Andrew, 8–10, 31–32, 62–63

Titov, Vladimir, 3

Tokarev, Valeri Ivanovich, 15, 64–65, 67

Trailing Umbilical System, 69

Tranquility module (ISS), 117–118, 121–124, 135

Treschev, Sergei, 49

Trundle Bearing Assembly (TBA), 91, 97–98, 102

“TurtleSkin” space gloves, 98

Tyurin, Mikhail, 36–38, 39, 73, 77–79

U

UHF (Ultra High Frequency) antenna, 53 

Ukraine, 5

Unity module (ISS), 86, 135, 138

activated, 11
Index // 163

brackets on, 123

cables, 26–27, 135, 138

coupled with Tranquility, 118, 122

serviced by Atlantis, 34

Common Berthing Mechanism (CBM)s, 12, 21–22, 

114

Floating Potential Probe (FPP), installed on, 26–27

serviced by Discovery, 23–24

Early Communication antenna (ECOMM) antennas, 16

serviced by Endeavour, 11, 24–25, 113, 121–123, 138

LAN cable, 82

lights, 47

Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM), 55

Pressurized Mating Adaptor (PMA) disconnected, 31

Z1 truss, 23

Unity-Zarya tunnel (PMA-1), 11, 41, 48, 50, 71

Universal Work Platform, 61

Unpressurized Cargo Carrier Attachment System 

(UCCAS), 78, 108, 113–114, 120 

U.S. Coast Guard, 119

Usachev, Yury, 21, 31, 33, 36

V

vacuum bottle, 134–135

VDU: 

Vynosnaya Dvigatel’naya Ustanovka, 8–10 

Video Distribution Unit, 142

Vinogradov, Pavel, 1, 4–5, 7, 70–71

Virts, Terry, 121–122

Vittori, Roberto, 64, 136–137

Volkov, Sergei, 100–101, 139

Voskhod Space Program (Soviet/Russia), vii

Voss, James, 21, 31, 33, 36

Vsplesk experiment, 100–101

W

Wakata, Koichi, 23, 104, 107–108, 112–116

Walheim, Rex, 45–47, 93–95, 139

Walker, Shannon, 128–130

Walz, Carl, 41–42

Weber, Mary Ellen, 21

Wetherbee, James, 3, 31, 52–53

Wheelock, Douglas, 86–88, 128–130

Whitson, Peggy, 49, 52, 76, 88–91, 93

Wide Field Camera, 109–110

Wilcutt, Terrence, 22

Williams, Dave, 84–86

Williams, Jeffrey, 21, 70–71, 121

Williams, Sunita, 74–80, 83

Wilmore, Barry, 118–119

Wilson, Stephanie, 69–70, 86–88, 124–125

Wireless External Transceiver Assembly (WETA), 52–53, 

116, 119 

Wisoff, Peter, 23–24

Wolf, David, 3–5, 7, 51–52, 113–116

women, 79, 86, 91

X

Xinhua News Agency (China), 101

Y

Yamazaki, Naoko, 124–125

Yurchikhin, Fyodor, 51–52, 79–80, 83, 128–131

Z

Zalyotin, Sergei, 21

Zamka, George, 86–88, 121–123

Zarya module (ISS), 124, 134, 137–139. See Also

Functional Cargo Block (FGB)

antennas, 12

serviced by Atlantis, 22

Boeing, 22

cables (various), 11–12, 22, 124, 139

Command and Data Handling cables, 129

serviced by Endeavour, 11–12, 137–138

ethernet cable, 80

EVA supported from, 33

experiments, 134

fairleads, 59

handrails, 12, 59

installation of components, 50

Komplast experiment, 12, 134

Power and Data Grapple Fixture, 137–138

as stowage, 50

Strela grapple fixture, 67

tether fairleads, 59

thermal system, 59

Unity-Zarya tunnel, 11, 41

Zhigang, Zhai, 101

Zvezda module (ISS) 

antennas (various), 41–42, 50, 59, 61, 112

brackets, 61

serviced by Atlantis, 22

Biorisk experiment, 101

booster engine obstructed, 73

cables (various), 22, 37–39, 42, 62

camera, 64

and “Christmas Tree,” 80

Command and Data Handling cables, 129

contamination, 61

data retrieved from, 57

debris shields, 48–50, 67, 75, 80

defined, 22

docking components, 33, 100, 113, 134

fairleads, 42

experiments (various), 41, 61, 131

Expose-R experiment, 105, 107, 133–134

GPS cable, 80

handrails, 42

hatch, 33–34, 50, 113

Impulse experiment, 105

IVAs (intravehicular activities), 113

installation of various components, 50
164 WALKING TO OLYMPUS: AN EVA CHRONOLOGY, 1997–2011

Kontur experiment, 130–131

Kromka experiment, 37, 41, 49–50, 59

Kurs antenna, 100, 121

Leaks, 50

Molniya-Gamma experiment, 134

Mini-Research Module-2 docking, 112–113, 121

multipurpose workstation, 130–131

photographed, 67

Platan-M experiment, 41–42

plume deflectors, 41

ports, 112

Radiometria experiment, 134

Replaceable Cassette Container (SKK) experiment, 42, 

57, 59

Service Module Debris Protection (SMDP), 80

solar array, 38–39

as stowage, 131, 133

thrusters, 41

Universal Work Platform, 61

Vsplesk experiment, 100–101
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