NEEMO 21 EVA Mission Debrief

EVA-EXP-0053

EVA Exploration Working Group

November 8, 2016

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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BACKGROUND & OVERVIEW

Operational Field Testing and NEEMO 21

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 Overview

• Successful 16 day mission living and working from Aquarius 

Reef Base

• Completed a combination of Exploration EVA and ISS/Orion 

related objectives

• International crew with partial crew rotation mid-mission

• Numerous participating organizations across NASA, JSC, ESA, 

DoD, Research Institutions, Universities, and Industry Partners

 Key Dates

• Engineering Week: May 16-21

• JSC Crew Training Week: June 6-10

• Test Readiness Review: June 24

• Aquarius Reef Base Training Week: July 10-15

• NEEMO 21 Mission: July 21-Aug 5 

 Crew Members

NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations - NEEMO 21

Megan Behnken*

Matthias Maurer

Reid Wiseman* Dawn Kernagis

Marc O Griofa Noel Du Toit

*Mission Commander (Change of Command conducted mid-mission)

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Partners / Collaborators

 NASA

 JSC

• XX: Investigating partial gravity EVA operations, tools development

• XM: Leadership, EVA tools and techniques, (esp. related to Mars moon)

• XI: Science Team leadership, consulting for tools development

• EA (EC, ER): PI for multiple evaluation objectives, building EVA tools

• CB: Crewmembers

• SK: Co-investigator on some mission objectives

• PAO: Public Affairs activities

 ARC: Mission planners and timeline tool 

 JPL: Co-investigator on some mission objectives

 KSC: Communications, data management, and logistics support

 GSFC: Science team support

 IPs: Crewmembers, research objectives, funding

 Academia

 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU): Research objectives, funding

 Naval Postgraduate School (NPS): Synergistic robotic objectives (ROV & AUV), crewmember, funding

 Johns Hopkins University: Research objectives, funding

 Florida International University (FIU): Aquarius owner and operator, marine science support

 Georgia Institute of Technology: EVA Cognitive Work Analysis graduate study

 Institutions

 Florida Institute for Human & Machine Cognition: Research (epigenetics), crewmember, funding

 Coral Restoration Foundation: research and mission objectives

 Military

 Veteran’s Administration w/ Non-invasive Medical Technologies: Research, crewmember, funding

 Industry

 Preferred Medical Solutions/VEGA Telehealth: Research, crewmember, funding

 Teloregen: Funding, mission objectives

 Microspace Solutions: PI for research objective with ERAU

 SubGravity: Providing diver propulsion system

 Shark Marine: Providing a navigation system, in-kind contribution

EVA Strategic

Planning & 

Architecture

XX

Mission Planning, 

Develop & Integration

XM

Crew & Thermal

Systems - Tools

EC

Astromaterials Research &

Exploration Science (ARES)

XI

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Leveraging experience and lessons learned from ...

Heritage & Background

NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations

- Utilizes unique facility & environment; rapid prototyping; Evaluations of both IVA and EVA objectives

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Research and Technology Studies

- Utilizes terrain appropriate for geo-science tasks; Suit and robotic tested-bed

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1997 1998 1999 2000

Apollo Surface Operations

- Exploration traverses were planned in advance using imagery gathered from precursor satellites

- Crews had significant training in geology and science tasks

- An Earth-based science team (ST) supported EVAs (Precursor plans, Feedback during EVA, and changes between EVAs)

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

MER A - Spirit

MER B - Opportunity 

MSL - Curiosity

Other NASA Analog Programs

- Each exploring various aspects of exploration

- Funded though grant programs

- Science focused

ISRU

Low communication latency (~1.25 sec OWLT) 

High communication latency for Mars (~4-22 min OWLT)

Tested-bed for a variety of communication latency for detailed EVA/Science evaluations

Mars Robotic Missions

- Remote science operations

- Instrumentation / sample selection 

Tested a variety of communication latencies for geo-science operations

Test a variety of communication latencies

Science

Science

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EVA Goals for Operational Field Tests

EVA Goals

• Advance the future of the EVA system and operations

• Understand EVA gaps and concepts of operations for a wide range of Exploration destinations being 

considered by NASA

• Determine and document closures to gaps in EVA capabilities for Exploration missions and inform the 

EVA Systems Maturation Team (SMT) 

• Develop and document concepts of operations for EVA at the Exploration destinations

• Realize the needs of EVA tools and hardware and enable the development of requirements and 

designs

Benefits of Operational Field Testing

• Evaluates objectives mapped to specific needs and knowledge/technology gaps

• Concepts of operations can be accurately tested to determine their viability and changes

• Utilization of real science allows for investigation of end-to-end concepts of operations, from both an 

Earth-based Science Team and the in-situ EVA crew

• Provides an understanding of system and architectural interactions between Operations, Engineering, 

and Science

• Drives out results not found in standalone testing

• Able to understand in a mission environment what systems and technologies are and are not required

• Understand how the use and interactions of those systems and technologies affects their requirements and 

subsequent development

• Purpose-built prototype hardware can be evaluated in a field test to provide data for design 

maturation

• Communication latencies can be simulated in an operational environment in order to assess the con 

ops and needs associated with EVAs

• Benefits programs from ISS to Exploration

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Mission Program Relevancy

Category Gap/Risk Experiment Sponsor Beneficiary

Technology Maturation for Ops

Planetary Protection EVA Swab Tool HAT/JPL Exploration

Exercise Countermeasures MED ER ISS, Orion

Telemedicine VEGA Corp/Vet Adm. ISS ------> Exploration

AirDocs Corp/Vet Adm. ISS ------> Exploration

Ops Tools Maturation

Mobile Crew Planning Tool Playbook ARC ISS ------> Exploration

Crew Task Efficiency MobiPV (ESA) ESA ISS ------> Exploration

HoloLens Cargo Transfer Ops CO/ER/SF ISS ------> Exploration

ISS Water Sampling Aquapad ESA ISS

ISS nutritional tracking Nutritional Assessment ESA ISS

Sensorimotor degradation PSAP Johns Hopkins ISS ------> Exploration

in situ DNA sequencing mini DNA Sequencer SF ISS ------> Exploration

Ops Concept Maturation Exploration Surface Ops w/ Comm Delay

Crew Self Scheduling XX/ARC ISS ------> Exploration

Integrated Science Team XI/XX Exploration

Man-machine work systems XX/NPS Exploration

Electronic EVA cue cards XI/XX Exploration

IV Support Tools XI/XX Exploration

Navigation Tool needs XI/XX Exploration

Pure Science

Oxidative Stress Multi-Omics study IHMC ISS ------> Exploration

Telomere damage Telomere Regeneration study Teloregen ISS ------> Exploration

Reef mortality Coral Science FIU, CRF N/A

Crew Preparation Expeditionary Training CDR upgrade CB (+IPs) ISS ------> Exploration

Rookie mission experience CB (+IPs) ISS ------> Exploration

Outreach Opportunities N/A PAO events PAO ISS ------> Exploration

Educational Outreach PAO ISS ------> Exploration

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EVA OBJECTIVES

Science, Operations, and Equipment

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XX – Exploration EVA Objectives & Gaps for NEEMO 21

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The primary objective for EVA at this operational field test was to explore the combined aspects of Science, Operations, and Equipment in a mission-like 

environment in order to evaluate:

• Concepts of operations on a natural surface

• Hardware and tools for pioneering and science tasks

• Tools and techniques that enable effective and efficient communication between the ground (MCC and Science Team) and the crew (IV and EVA) during an EVA 

over an appropriate communication latency utilizing a flexible execution methodology in order to enable successful science

NEEMO 21 EVA Objectives EVA SMT Gap

Tools (software and hardware) and 

techniques needed to effectively 

communicate over a comm latency during an 

EVA

• Integrated EVA Science Operations

• EVA Digital Cue Cards

• IV Support System

Examine how EVA operations will be directed/controlled at destinations with comm latencies, 

including EVA interaction with a Science Team and crew-driven multi-day planning of EVAs

128: EVA Integration

New: Integrated EVA Flight Control Methodology

Evaluate the tools (hardware and software) MCC, the IV, and the EVA crew will need in order to 

conduct operations at destinations with comm latencies; including texting, file transfer, audio, 

video, still imagery, suit data (placeholder), and an EVA tool for identifying and relaying 

information about samples

128: EVA Integration

New: Tools for Interacting with EVA Over a Comm Latency

92: Avionics Systems for EVA Tasks

93: Display (Integrated EVA Camera System)

Evaluate what kind of tools (support system) the IV crewmember will need in order to effectively 

handle the amount of information and tasking the IV crewmember must contend with while 

actively directing the EVA

128: EVA Integration

New: IV Support System for EVA Operations

Flexible execution methodology for EVA 

science operations (“flexecution”)

Develop a flexible execution methodology (“flexecution”) for the Exploration EVA System, Crew, 

and Flight Control Team to operate in natural environments where things are not well defined and 

may require significant deviation from any plan

128: EVA Integration

Flexible Execution Methodology for EVA Science Operations in 

Undefined Environments

EVA tools and hardware for science sampling 

• Integrated Geology Sampling System

• EVA Tool Caddy

Evaluate EVA hardware and operations for science sampling in a surface/partial-g environment

• Loosely adhered particles (surface, float, soil)

• Chip samples

• Subsurface samples (core)

107: Tools for Surface EVA

New: Tools for Science Sampling on a Surface EVA

Evaluate EVA hardware and operations for transporting and stowing tools and samples 107: Tools for Surface EVA

108: Tools (Tool Carrier Device)

Hardware and tools to assist EVA operations

• Joint Robotic-EVA Operations

• EVA Navigation

• Traverse Planning

Examine uses of robotic assets for EVA operations 128: EVA Integration

New: EVA-Robotic (Man-Machine) Work System 

Assess tool needs (hardware and software) for short distance navigation data to support rover 

based geology/science

92: Avionics Systems for EVA Tasks

96: Navigation (EVA Short Range Navigation)

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EQUIPMENT

SCIENCE

OPERATIONS

Florida International 

University Naval Postgraduate 

School

Embry Riddle

University

Integrated Science EVA Operations

Aquarius

Reef Base 

EVA Strategic Planning & 

Architecture

XX

Mission Planning, 

Develop & Integration

XM

Crew & Thermal

Systems - Tools

EC

Integrated EVA Science Operations

Astromaterials Research &

Exploration Science (ARES)

XI

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NURSERY CONSTRUCTION & SCIENCE

 Constructed, populated, and conducted

initial science investigation on two long-term

coral nurseries near ARB

• 50’ nursery

• 90’ nursery (deepest in the world)

 Constructed 5 tree-structures at each site;

emplaced 600 samples for scientific research

SCIENCE OVERVIEW AND RESULTS

REEF EXPLORATION SCIENCE

 Explored and expand into new sites and new

coral species; coral science was correlated to

nurseries as a natural baseline

 Described, documented, and sampled over

80 additional samples

Agaricia Orbicella

REEF FOLLOW-UP SCIENCE

 Continued research and sampling conducted

during NEEMO 20

 Crew successfully navigated to, located,

documented and re-sampled colonies

 Science team developed the overall

sampling strategy and traverse plans

Siderastrea

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Authentic science now fully integrated into NEEMO EVA operations

Successfully completed all science objectives during 60+ hours of science driven EVA operations

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SCIENCE NURSERY CONSTRUCTION & SCIENCE

Prepare, 

Process, and 

Train

Transport and 

Build

Science and 

Operations

Plan/Training Pioneering Science

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NEEMO 21 

EXPLORATION

SCIENCE 

SCIENCE MARINE EXPLORATION SCIENCE

 Laboratory of Integrative Marine 

Genomics and Symbiosis (IMaGeS) 

 Focuses on the study of the symbiotic 

interactions between microbial 

organisms and cnidarian hosts, in 

particular reef-building corals, from 

different perspectives, including cell 

biology, eco-physiology and ecology.

 Crew comment: “Have to sustain real 

science on an analog.”

 Crew comment: “VERY cool to revisit 

NEEMO 20 site. Definitely keep that. 

Going back to previous work ties it all 

together and gives feeling of cool 

ongoing science.”

Siderastrea

Agaricia

Orbicella

NEEMO 20 

RESULTS AND

FOLLOW UP

Ultimately inform ongoing coral 

restoration efforts & 

understanding of the changing 

reef environment

Provide time & depth components

Provide a natural baseline for coral 

restoration efforts

Genetically characterize the coral 

symbiotic community

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XI – Planetary Science Relevance

 Sampling Procedures

 Sampling Techniques

 Collection Tools

 Contamination

 Storage & Transport 

Curation

Research

Exploration

Astromaterials 

 Remote Sensing

 In-situ Instrumentation

 High-grading Samples 

 Context Descriptions

 Documentation

 Science Operations

 Traverse Planning

 Operational Flexibility

 Human-Robot Ops

 Crew Science Training

 NEEMO EVA science activities 

included deployment of 

handheld instrumentation, 

context descriptions, imaging, 

and sampling

 The marine science activities 

and associated research 

objectives serve as a 

appropriate proxy for planetary 

surface exploration activities

 Integration, coordination, and 

education from diverse 

disciplines and organizations

Astromaterials Research &

Exploration Science (ARES)

Marine science proved to be an excellent analog for planetary science operations

SCIENCE PLANETARY SCIENCE RELEVANCE

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SCIENCE SCIENCE PRESAMPLING

Key Take-Aways

• Crew science training is crucial

• Science Team input over 15 min com latency was successfully 

conducted during a single 4hr EVA

• Science planning/re-planning was required frequently in order 

to respond to operational changes and science discoveries 

• Digital cue card interface was successful for increasing EVA and 

crew autonomy

• Gap closures addressed

• Integrated EVA Flight Control

• Tools for Interacting with EVA Over a Comm Latency

• Flexible Execution Methodology for EVA Science Operations in 

Undefined Environments

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SCIENCE SCIENCE SAMPLING

Key Take-Aways

• Efficient transportation, access, and stowage of tools, 

instruments, and sampling equipment is critical for 

increased science sampling; numerous lessons learned 

were documented

• Detailed imaging of sampling process is crucial for 

proper documentation and resulting science 

• Continue to develop and evaluate methods to 

minimize sample contamination

• Gap closures addressed

• Tools for Interacting with EVA Over a Comm Latency

• Tools for Science Sampling on a Surface EVA

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INTEGRATED EVA SCIENCE 

OPERATIONS

 Examined con ops that enable

interaction between the MCC &

the crew over a long comm

latency including:

• Interaction with an 

integrated Science Team

• Authentic scientific 

objectives and hypothesis

• Flexecution methodology

NAVIGATION, MAP, & 

TRAVERSE PLANNING

 Assessed tool needs for

navigation

 Traverse plan and map on cue 

cards showed crew regions and 

paths, and tasks to complete

 Utilized Doppler relative nav 

system for crew to find 

ROI/zones

COMM STUDY DESIGN & 

ASSESSMENT

 Assessed the effects of 

communication latencies on 

operations concepts, timelines, 

and tasks

 Collected operational 

acceptability ratings for the 

overall operations concepts, as 

well as various components 

 Data is being evaluated and will 

be incorporated into a 2017 IEEE 

conference presentation 

OPERATIONS OVERVIEW AND RESULTS

ST

IV

EV

IV

= voice

= text

= data

OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS

 Successfully deployed, tested,

and evaluated a prototype

optical communications system

JOINT ROBOTIC-EVA 

OPERATIONS

 Utilized an ROV as a robotic

asset for IV and ST situational

awareness of the EVA

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WITH LONG (15 MIN) COMMUNICATION LATENCY CON OPS

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OPERATIONS INTEGRATED EVA SCIENCE OPS

Key Take-Aways

• Evaluated integrating ST feedback during an EVA, between EVAs, and sampling without direct ST 

input

• Pre-sampling followed by sampling with ST feedback during the same EVA was borderline 

acceptable

Note: Minimal training was available for the NEEMO crew, which contributed to the challenge of 

this con op

• Pre-sampling in one EVA and sampling in a subsequent EVA, with ST feedback between the EVAs 

was acceptable

• Sampling only with pre-sampling completed on the previous mission was acceptable/borderline

• Flexecution was not specifically rated, but was found by EVA & ST to be a good model for 

operations

• EVA crew is capable of operating more autonomously than on ISS while simultaneously 

incorporating input from an Earth-based ST

• Science Team can effectively communicate critical data and direction over a 15-min com latency 

to execute science sampling operations during a 4-hr EVA

• Science planning/re-planning may be required frequently in order to respond to operational 

changes and science discoveries

• Crew science training is crucial, and detailed geoscience knowledge will be required

• Flexecution flight rules will be critical for addressing the decision making authority for 

dynamically changing plans in a natural environment (crew versus MCC/ST)

• New paradigm for EVA flight control

• Crew training and geoscience knowledge will be crucial for operating in a flexecution 

environment 

• Provided critical input for updates to the Exploration EVA Concepts of Operations document

• Gap closures addressed

• Integrated EVA Flight Control

• Tools for Interacting with EVA Over a Comm Latency

• Flexible Execution Methodology for EVA Science Operations in Undefined Environments

ST

IV

EV

IV

= voice

= text

= data

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Objectives

• Develop techniques and determine what 

functions/capabilities are needed to enable an 

MCC integrated Science Team to effectively 

operate and actively direct EVA science 

operations over a long comm latency

• Determine what functions/capabilities and 

techniques are needed to enable the EVA crew 

to effectively operate and communicate 

information to the Science Team over a long 

comm latency

• Evaluate flexible execution methodology for EVA 

science operations

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OPERATIONS SYSTEMS FOR INTEGRATED EVA SCI OPS

Key Take-Aways

• Video from EVA helmet cams is required for the Science Team

• Warranted improvements are higher resolution video to enable more accurate/reliable 

candidate sample identification

• High resolution imagery (photos) will be need to be transmitted during an EVA to 

enable the ST to make informed decisions

• Need ability to precisely locate the specimens to be re-sampled, including imagery of 

the targeted samples and overall area

• EVA digital cue cards enabled EV crew to conduct general navigation, identify specimens 

to sample, and guide themselves through procedures, permitting increasing EVA and 

crew autonomy

• IV support system will be key for Exploration EVA operations with comm latencies to 

address the challenges facing future IV crewmembers with a high workload and to allow 

for management of the large task volume

• For recording science data, warranted improvements are an integrated system that IV 

and ST can both view and edit for tracking/recording of presampling and sampling tags, 

PAM data, etc.

• A tool to record, track, and communicate science data is essential

• For modifying the plan during an EVA, warranted improvements are a system to allow 

ST to modify a traverse real-time and have that sent to the crew for use during the EVA

• Temporary sample markers were critical for allowing the ST to review the crew inputs 

over the delay and still get the species required

• Gap closures addressed

• Integrated EVA Flight Control

• Tools for Interacting with EVA Over a Comm Latency

• Flexible Execution Methodology for EVA Science Operations in Undefined Environments

• IV Support System for EVA Operations

• Display (EVA Integrated Camera)

• Navigation (EVA Short Distance Navigation)

ST

IV

EV

IV

= voice

= text

= data

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Objectives

• Develop techniques and determine what 

functions/capabilities are needed to enable an MCC 

integrated Science Team to effectively operate and 

actively direct EVA science operations over a long comm 

latency

• Determine what functions/capabilities and techniques 

are needed to enable the EVA crew to effectively 

operate and communicate information to the Science 

Team over a long comm latency

• Evaluate flexible execution methodology for EVA 

science operations

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OPERATIONS NAVIGATION & TRAVERSE PLANNING

Key Take-Aways

• A combination of digital maps, a traverse plan, and an active navigation 

system will allow an EV crew to locate the pertinent sampling zones

• EVA digital cue cards enable EV crew to conduct general navigation, 

identify specimens to sample, and guide themselves through procedures

• Digital maps with timeline assist EV crew in efficiently understanding 

exploration area and tasks

• Relative navigation system enables crew to reliably find sampling zones 

and relocate marked samples, which will be critical on Exploration 

missions

• Key lessons learned for MCC ST on the time-latent planning cycle and 

developing a process for updating the plan in timely manner under time 

pressure and in a manner that the crew can effectively utilize

• For creating planned traverses, desired improvements are a Google Earth 

type mapping capabilities integrated w/ better a traverse planning tool to 

show remaining consumables, traverse time and distance, etc.

• Gap closures addressed

• Integrated EVA Flight Control

• Navigation (EVA Short Distance Navigation)

20

Objective

• Assess tool needs (hardware and software) for short distance 

navigation data to support rover based geology/science

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DIGITAL CUE CARDS

 Evaluated digital cue cards for

EVA crew that allowed crew to

operate more effectively and

offload IV tasks

 Additional crew autonomy

requires further access to

information in their hands

 Potential “one-device” for cue

cards/procedures, images/video,

instrument control, etc.

SCIENCE SAMPLING TOOLS 

& GEOLOGY SAMPLING KIT

 Evaluated EVA tools and

hardware for science sampling

 Evaluated Integrated Geology

Sampling System for collecting

geology & astrobiology samples

 Sample Briefcase housed various

end effectors with two different

drivers (manual and powered)

 Analyzed methods to minimize

contamination of sample and

area

IV SUPPORT SYSTEM

 Evaluated types of tools the IV

crewmember needs to effectively

handle the large amount of EVA

information while directing EVA

 Evaluated effective setup in a

constrained location

 Multiple displays included

camera feeds, timeline,

nav/comm/sub systems,

procedures, logs, etc.

EQUIPMENT HARDWARE & TOOL EVALUATIONS

TRANSPORTATION & 

STOWAGE OF TOOLS

 Evaluated EVA hardware and

operations for transporting and

stowing tools and samples

 Initial look at sled/cart options

for large equipment transport

 Evaluated sling bag options for

small items & easy access

(sample markers, hand tools,

electronics, etc.)

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EQUIPMENT EVA DIGITAL CUE CARDS

Key Take-Aways

• EVA digital cue cards enable EV crew to conduct general navigation, identify specimens to sample, 

and guide themselves through procedures

• Digital maps with timeline assist EV crew in efficiently understanding exploration area and tasks

• Ability for EV crew to view annotated images from the ST would be significantly enhancing 

• Permits increasing EVA and crew autonomy

• Geoscience cue cards and guides enable the crew to make better autonomous decisions

• Efficient mechanism for MCC ST to upload ever evolving data for the EV crew

• Crew feedback:

• Appreciated the single-page traverse plan with hyperlinks for each activity’s details

• While it’s helpful for IV to have access to a full set of mission data, the EV crew preferred to only 

have what is crucial for that particular EVA 

• A way to toggle between the traverse plan and procedures would be helpful

• Crew appreciated cue cards with photos taken on previous days to enable them to find sampling 

locations and specimens

• Rated as essential/enabling

• Gap closures addressed

• Integrated EVA Flight Control

• Tools for Interacting with EVA Over a Comm Latency

22

Objectives

• Evaluate the tools the EVA crew will 

need in order to conduct operations at 

destinations with comm latencies

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EQUIPMENT IV SUPPORT SYSTEM WORKSTATION

Objectives

• Evaluate what kind of tools (support system) the IV crewmember will need in order to 

effectively handle the amount of information and tasking the IV crewmember must 

contend with while actively directing the EVA

Key Take-Aways

• IV support system will be key for Exploration EVA operations with comm latencies to 

address the challenges facing future IV crewmembers with a high workload 

• Computer assets will be required on Exploration missions to enable the IV to guide the 

EVA, which affects current architecture studies

• Evolution of IV workstation from NEEMO 20 improved crew’s ability to manage data and 

direct the EVA

• Effective setup in a constrained location allowed for multiple displays that included 

Camera feeds, Timeline and Procedures, Navigation information, Spacesuit subsystem 

data, Communication, Mission logs, and Datasheeets

• Key lessons learned were recorded that will be incorporated into the concept that is 

evolving into a future capability 

• Mission demonstrated that the capability was able to be utilized by a single crewmember 

once crew was familiar/trained enough

• Workstation should be more configurable

• Balancing two datasheets on the same computer was too difficult

• IV support system will be further evaluated during controlled laboratory settings and the 

next generation should be tested at NEEMO

• Improvements needed in applications and operational layout of assets

• Determine needed assets (computers) for a realistic MEL of hardware

• Gap closures addressed

• Integrated EVA Flight Control

• Tools for Interacting with EVA Over a Comm Latency

• IV Support System for EVA Operations

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EQUIPMENT GEOSCIENCE SAMPLING SYSTEM

Objectives

• Evaluate EVA hardware and operations for science sampling in a surface/partial-g 

environment

• Loosely adhered particles (surface, float, soil)

• Chip samples

• Subsurface samples (core)

Key Take-Aways

• Integrated Geology Sampling System worked well for taking and storing samples

• Now being incorporated into the ARCM con ops

• Relevant for missions to Mars

• While initially designed for microgravity, key lessons learned were captured for refining 

tool system for better use in partial gravity in a spacesuit

• Sampling tools concept worked well, but the tools may be bulky for Mars gravity

• Having the sample briefcase on the ground will make it difficult to use when wearing a 

pressure suit

• Further refinement is needed on the chip sample end effector to effectively capture a 

liberated sample

• A “stamper” mechanism should be further investigated for obtaining surface samples

• IRIS tool worked well for capturing a core sample and maintaining stratigraphy

• Marine science drill worked well for sampling, though indication marks would help crew 

achieve appropriate depth without damaging the sample surface

• Enabled direct cooperation between core set of EC7/Engineering, XI/Science, and XX/EVA 

personnel for development and evolution of concepts and designs

• Gap closures addressed

• Tools for Science Sampling on a Surface EVA

• Tool Caddy Device on a Surface EVA

• Flexible Execution Methodology for EVA Science Operations in Undefined Environments

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EQUIPMENT EVOLUTION OF SAMPLING TOOLS

SEATEST 2 NBL/MACES NEEMO 18/19 NEEMO 20 NEEMO 21

Example of Evolution Across Missions: Powered Rock Chip Hammer

NEEMO 20 NEEMO 21

Powered Core Sampler

SEATEST 2

NEEMO 18 NEEMO 19

Deep Core Drill

Surface Sampler Evolution

NEEMO 21 NEEMO 20 2014

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EQUIPMENT TRANSPORTATION OF TOOLS

26

Objectives

• Evaluate EVA hardware and operations for transporting and stowing tools and 

samples

Key Take-Aways

• Initial look at sled/cart options for large equipment transport

• Several variations: No wheels, 2 wheels, 4 wheels, rope handle, solid handle

• Tool caddy worked well, but adjustability will be a critical feature to 

accommodate different crew preferences

• Packing plan was critical

• Handle was an issue

• Customizable handle that you can mount computer (iDive) or navigation system 

(Navigator) to would be good

• Evaluated sling bag options for small items & easy access (sample markers, hand 

tools, electronics, etc.)

• A way to carry small amount of tools on the suit is critical

• The sling bag for small items (sample markers, hand tools, electronics, etc.) was 

conceptually good, but challenging to use with the dive system

• A vest to which things could be clipped on would work, used much like a mini 

workstation

• Need to determine the tool compliment for each phase of the EVA operations, 

and how those tools are best transported and stowed

• Gap closures addressed

• Tool Caddy Device on a Surface EVA

• Flexible Execution Methodology for EVA Science Operations in Undefined 

Environments

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SUMMARY

EVA Gap Closure Inputs & Recommendations

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EVA Gap Closure Inputs Through Evaluations of Integrated Science EVA Operations

EQUIPMENT

SCIENCE

Nursery Construction OPERATIONS

Nursery Science

N20 Reef Follow-up Science

Reef Exploration Science

Integrated EVA Science Operations

EVA Traverse Planning & Maps

EVA Navigation

Joint EVA-Robotic Operations

Effects of Comm Latency on Ops

EVA Digital Cue Cards

IV Support System

Science Sampling Tools

Geoscience Sampling Kit

Tool Transportation & Stowage

Integrated EVA Flight Control

Flexible Execution Methodology for EVA Science Operations 

in Undefined Environments

Tools for Interacting with EVA Over a Comm Latency

IV Support System for EVA Operations

EVA Gap Closure Inputs

Display (EVA Integrated Camera)

Navigation (EVA Short Distance Navigation)

Tools for Science Sampling on a Surface EVA

Tool Caddy Device on a Surface EVA

EVA-Robotic (Man-Machine) Work System

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EVA Gap Closure Updates and Recommendations

RECOMMENDATIONS

Evolve the systems needed for directing

operations and evaluate at a future

NEEMO/operational field test

Evaluate a mission utilizing a true

flexecution methodology over multiple

days/EVAs with more complicated science

operations at a future NEEMO mission

Evolve the systems (MCC console, IV

support, EVA digital cue cards) needed and

evaluate at a NEEMO mission/operational

field test utilizing true flexecution over

multiple days/EVAs

Iterate the workstation configuration and

applications to enable more efficient

science operations, and evaluate at a

future NEEMO mission

EVA SMT GAP

Integrated EVA Flight Control

Flexible Execution Methodology for EVA 

Science Operations in Undefined 

Environments

Tools for Interacting with EVA Over a Comm 

Latency

IV Support System for EVA Operations

GAP CLOSURE UPDATES

Formalize gap and update closure with

demonstrated capabilities and methods for

enabling a Science Team to provide input to

EVA operations

Formalize gap and update closure with

need for data systems and flight rules to

govern decision making process during

flexible science operations

Update gap closure with results for the

MCC/ST systems, IV support system, and

EVA digital cue cards

Formalize gap and update closure with

results of computer assets and applications

needed

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EVA Gap Closure Updates and Recommendations

EVA SMT GAP

Display (EVA Integrated Camera)

Navigation (EVA Short Distance Navigation)

Tools for Science Sampling on a Surface 

EVA

Tool Caddy Device on a Surface EVA

EVA-Robotic (Man-Machine) Work System

RECOMMENDATIONS

Test a camera system that is capable of

streaming high-res imagery at an

operational field test

Assess a method for EVA and IV crew to

track EV relative location, and use that data

to locate sampling regions and previously

marked specimens at a future NEEMO

Evaluate tools while wearing pressurized

EVA suits, possibly on ARGOS

Iterate tools and evaluate at a future

NEEMO/operational field test

Test a purpose-built tool caddy at NEEMO

Develop a vest/bag/harness system to

carry smaller tools and evaluate at NEEMO

Assess a robotic system to give better SA of

EV crew and also provide high-res imagery

for the ST at a NEEMO mission

GAP CLOSURE UPDATES

Update gap closure with results and need

for a way to stream high-resolution photos

along with video

Update gap closure with results and need

for EVA digital maps, a relative nav system

for EV crew, and a way for IV and ST to

track and guide EV crew

Update gap closure with the surface

version of the Integrated Geology Sampling

System, “stamper” mechanism, IRIS tool,

and lessons from marine science tools

Update gap closure with lessons learned

for a tool caddy to carry larger items and

sling bag/harness for smaller tools

Gap closure unchanged

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Benefits of NEEMO for Exploration EVA

• Provides a means of advancing Human Spaceflight objectives by evaluating Exploration EVA concepts of operations 

and hardware/tool prototypes

• Enables authentic science objectives by directly conducting geoscience operations or utilizing proxy marine science to 

test relevant operations concepts

• Allows for end-to-end testing of techniques and hardware in an operational scenario

• Has the crew in-situ and a ground team separated from them in a mission-like manner

• Provides an understanding of system and architectural interactions between Operations, Engineering, and Science

• Drives out results for things that do and do not work in a mission environment

• Evaluates objectives mapped to specific needs and knowledge/technology gaps

• Informs updates to the NASA Exploration EVA Concepts of Operations document by having crewmembers test relevant 

concepts in mission environments

• Facilitates SMT gap closures by tying all EVA-relevant objectives to specific gaps and testing potential closures

• Addresses CAPTEM findings by assessing tools and techniques for science sample collection

• Provides data for hardware design maturation to assist in road-to-flight, especially the EVA science sample collection tools

• Evaluations of prototype EVA hardware are directly leading towards more refined tools that allow for sample 

containment and a more flight-like contamination protocol

• Assesses concepts of operations associated with science EVAs that require input from an MCC Science Team over a comm 

latency

• Ties in the right expertise to evaluate concepts being worked on across the agency

• Benefits programs from ISS to Exploration

• Enhances relationships with international partners, academia, and other NASA orgs

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Benefits of NEEMO for Human Exploration Integration & Science

• NEEMO provides an operational mission to integrate Exploration EVA and Science objectives

• Enabled by the unique skill blend found in EISD

• High “bang for the buck”

• Science component of missions now fully integrated (driven by authentic science)

• Well suited to meet a number of EVA exploration needs 

• Plays a role in enabling and maturing ISS Objectives

• Enables lasting cross-pollination

• Across EISD

• Across Engineering/Ops/Science/Crew Office

• Visible and tangible way to highlight the work in EISD (e.g. national media, social media, events like SpaceCom)

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BACKUP

EVA Gap Closures

Metrics & Data Analysis

IVA Objectives & Tasks

Additional Backup

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Collaborators for EVA

David Coan 

Exploration Integration and Science – Extravehicular Activity (EVA)

Trevor Graff

Kelsey Young

Exploration Integration and Science – Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science

Marc Reagan

Exploration Integration and Science – Exploration Mission Planning

Drew Hood

Adam Naids

Mary Walker

Engineering – EVA & Advanced Exploration Tools

Matthew Miller

Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology

Steve Chappell

Kara Beaton

Mars Study Capability

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EVA Gap Closures

Knowledge & Technology Gaps Addressed at NEEMO 21

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SMT EVA Gap Closure Input: Integrated EVA Flight Control

Integrated EVA Flight Control

• Under #128 EVA Integration

• Gap description: 

• Need to address how EVA operations will be directed/controlled at destinations 

with comm latencies. 

• NEEMO 21 closure inputs

• Results and inputs from operational field testing will help define how integrated EVA science operations will be conducted and close the gap in defining 

the flight control methodology

• EVA crew is capable of operating more autonomously than on ISS while simultaneously incorporating input from an Earth-based ST

• Science Team can effectively communicate critical data and direction over a 15-min com latency to execute science sampling operations during a 4-hr 

EVA

• High resolution imagery (photos) will be need to be transmitted during an EVA to enable the ST to make informed decisions

• Science planning/re-planning may be required frequently (daily) in order to respond to operational changes and science discoveries

• Will need to be factored into the time-latent planning cycle

• Will require developing a process for updating the plan in timely manner under time pressure and in a way that the crew can effectively utilize 

• Need ability to precisely locate the specimens to be re-sampled, including imagery of the targeted samples and overall area

• Crew science training is crucial, and detailed geoscience knowledge will be required

• EVA digital cue cards enabled EV crew to conduct general navigation, identify specimens to sample, and guide themselves through procedures

• Digital maps with timeline assist EV crew in efficiently understanding exploration area and tasks

• Digital cue cards permit increasing EVA and crew autonomy

• Concept of operations for having MCC develop a plan and the crew downloading it to the EVA electronic cue cards work well

• IV support system will be key for Exploration EVA operations with comm latencies to address the challenges facing future IV crewmembers with a high 

workload and to allow for management of the large task volume

• Flexecution flight rules will be critical for addressing the decision making authority for dynamically changing plans in a natural environment (crew versus 

MCC/ST), which is a new paradigm for EVA flight control

• Recommendations/Forward Work:

• Evolve the systems needed for directing operations and evaluate at a future operational field test

• MCC/ST console systems 

• IV support system

• EVA digital cue cards

• Develop flight rules to govern decision making process during science operations and evaluate at an operational field test

• Refine the planning cycle and process for updating the plan in timely manner under time pressure and in a manner that the crew can effectively utilize 

and evaluate at a future NEEMO mission

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SMT EVA Gap Closure Input: Flexible Execution Methodology

Flexible Execution Methodology for EVA Science Operations in Undefined Environments

• Under #128 EVA Integration (or a new category)

• New – based on integrated work between EVA and Science during the preparation and execution of NEEMO missions utilizing 

real science operations

• EVA science operations on natural surfaces, especially Earth’s Moon and the surface of Mars, will entail exploring relatively undefined 

environments. While there will be precursor imagery of the zones where the EVA crew will operate, there will likely be differences 

between the actual landscape and remote sensing data, or things not resolved/seen in the photographs. Current EVA operational methods 

involve highly scripted tasks on well known engineered surfaces. The Exploration EVA System, Crew, and Flight Control Team will need to 

develop a flexible execution methodology (flexecution) in order to operate in environments where things are not as well defined and may 

require significant deviation from any plan. 

• Follows up on Hodges and Schmitt paper (A new paradigm for advanced planetary field geology developed through analog experiments on 

Earth) with recommendations based on Schmitt’s experience conducting EVA science operations on the moon during Apollo 17.

• NEEMO 21 closure inputs

• Similar inputs as for Integrated EVA Flight Control

• The nature of an underwater mission with real science forced flexecution aspects into the operations

• EVA crew is capable of operating more autonomously than on ISS while simultaneously incorporating input from an Earth-based ST

• Science Team can effectively communicate critical data and direction over a 15-min com latency to execute science sampling operations 

during a 4-hr EVA

• High resolution imagery (photos) will be need to be transmitted during an EVA to enable the ST to make informed decisions

• EVA digital cue cards enabled EV crew to conduct general navigation, identify specimens to sample, and guide themselves through 

procedures, permitting increasing EVA and crew autonomy

• IV support system will be key for Exploration EVA operations with comm latencies to address the challenges facing future IV crewmembers 

with a high workload and to allow for management of the large task volume

• Flexecution flight rules will be critical for addressing the decision making authority for dynamically changing plans in a natural environment 

(crew versus MCC/ST), which is a new paradigm for EVA flight control

• Recommendations/Forward Work:

• Evaluate a mission utilizing a true flexecution methodology over multiple days/EVAs with more complicated science operations at a future 

NEEMO mission

• Evolve the systems needed for directing operations (MCC/ST console systems, IV support system, EVA digital cue cards, etc.) and evaluate 

at a future operational field test

• Develop flight rules to govern decision making process during science operations and evaluate at an operational field test

• Refine the planning cycle and process for updating the plan in timely manner under time pressure and in a manner that the crew can 

effectively utilize and evaluate at a future NEEMO mission

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SMT EVA Gap Closure Input: Tools for Interacting with EVA Over a Comm Latency

Tools for Interacting with EVA Over a Comm Latency

• Under #128 EVA Integration

• Gap description: 

• Need to address what kinds of tools MCC, the IV, and the EVA crew will need 

in order to conduct operations at destinations with comm latencies. 

• Investigate using texting and audio/video tools to allow MCC/Science Team to interact with the EVA crew via the IV over a comm latency. 

• Develop an EVA tool for identifying and high grading samples

• NEEMO 21 closure inputs

• A combination of digital maps, a traverse plan, and an active navigation system will allow an EV crew to locate the pertinent

sampling zones

• EVA digital cue cards enable EV crew to conduct general navigation, identify specimens to sample, and guide themselves through 

procedures

• Digital maps with timeline assist EV crew in efficiently understanding exploration area and tasks

• Permits increasing EVA and crew autonomy

• Efficient mechanism for MCC ST to upload ever evolving data for the EV crew (as opposed to pen & ink of paper cue cards)

• Geoscience cue cards and guides enable the crew to make better autonomous decisions

• Relative navigation system enables crew to reliably find sampling zones and relocate marked samples, which will be critical on 

Exploration missions

• An IV support system is critical and allows for management of the large task volume

• Recommendations/Forward Work:

• Evolve the systems needed for directing operations and evaluate at a future NEEMO mission/operational field test

• MCC/ST console systems 

• IV support system

• EVA digital cue cards

• Evaluate the ops tools during a NEEMO mission utilizing a true flexecution methodology over multiple days/EVAs with more 

complicated science operations

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SMT EVA Gap Closure Input: IV Support System for EVA Operations

IV Support System for EVA Operations (new)

• Under #128 EVA Integration

• Gap description: 

• At destinations with long comm latencies, the IV crewmember will be more heavily loaded than in current real-time comm 

operations, with the primary responsibility of receiving and addressing EVA suit data along with replanning the timeline 

during the EVA. Essentially, the IV will perform the roles of an IV, partial Flight Director, partial EVA Officer, and partial 

BME.

• Need to address what kinds of tools (support system) the IV crewmember will need due to the amount of information and 

tasking the IV crewmember must contend with while actively directing the EVA.

• NEEMO 21 closure inputs

• IV support system will be key for Exploration EVA operations with comm latencies to address the challenges facing future 

IV crewmembers with a high workload 

• Computer assets will be required on Exploration missions to enable the IV to guide the EVA, which affects current 

architecture studies

• Effective setup in a constrained location should allow for multiple displays that include Camera feeds, Timeline and 

Procedures, Navigation information, Spacesuit subsystem data, Communication, Mission logs, and Datasheets

• Key lessons learned were recorded that will be incorporated into the concept that is evolving into a future capability 

• Mission demonstrated that the capability was able to be utilized by a single crewmember once crew was familiar/trained enough

• Workstation should be more configurable

• Balancing two datasheets on the same computer was too difficult

• Paper and pencil is still useful to have at the workstation

• Recommendations/Forward Work:

• Evolve the IV support system evaluate utilizing a true flexecution methodology over multiple days/EVAs with more 

complicated science operations

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SMT EVA Gap Closure Input: Display (EVA Camera System)

Display (#93, EVA Camera System)

• Under #92 Avionics Systems for EVA Tasks

• Gap description: 

• NEEMO 20 began looking at what a science team in MCC needs in the capability of an EVA camera system. The Science 

Team observed that while video is great for situational awareness, high-resolution still imagery is largely preferred for 

most science requirements. A method should be developed to capture and send high-speed real-time (over a latency) 

imagery for optimal science planning and integration.

• NEEMO 21 closure inputs

• Streaming photo stills may be more useful than video from the EV helmet cameras

• A robotic asset gives the IV better situational awareness

• A robotic asset would give the MCC ST better overview and detailed imagery

• Recommendations/Forward Work:

• Examine ways to stream high-resolution stills along with lower-resolution video

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SMT EVA Gap Closure Input: Navigation (EVA Short Range Navigation)

Navigation (#96, EVA Short Range Navigation) 

• Under #92 Avionics Systems for EVA Tasks

• Was gap closure #214 Navigation Short Range

• Gap description: 

• Need short distance highly accurate navigation data (<1m position error for a 200 m distance from a known starting 

point (rover)) which operates in the relevant environment to support rover based geology/science. Location of science 

samples is critical to the geology task.

• Since the planetary science goal of an Exploration mission is to characterize an area more than pick up a specific rock, a 

navigation system more needs to get the crew close to a target that landmarks an area rather than locate a specific 

sample. Electronic navigation will be critical in areas where the terrain looks similar, especially when marking new 

locations and returning to a site.

• NEEMO 21 closure inputs

• Digital maps with timeline assist EV crew in efficiently understanding exploration area and tasks

• Map included regions and paths, along with timeline of tasks to complete (and hyperlinks to tasks)

• Enabled EV crew to understand the area and have a good sense for the location of the regions to be explored

• Gave crew a quick view of the timeline and tasks

• Relative navigation system enables crew to reliably find sampling zones and relocate marked samples, which will be 

critical on Exploration missions

• Recommendations/Forward Work:

• Refine the methods for utilizing digital maps and evaluate on a future NEEMO mission

• Evaluate a system for allowing the IV to see the relative position of the EVA crew on a future NEEMO mission

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SMT EVA Gap Closure Input: Tools for Science Sampling on a Surface EVA

Tools for Science Sampling on a Surface EVA (new)

• Under #107 Tools for Surface EVA

• Related to former gap closures:

• #502 Micro-g Tool for Loosely Adhered Particles

• #503 Micro-g Tool for Chip Samples

• #504 Micro-g Tool for Subsurface Samples

• Gap description: 

• Need EVA Tools to sample loosely adhered particles from a destination's surface. Need EVA Tools to capture "chip" sample 

released during EVA sampling efforts. Need an EVA tool to collect and capture a "subsurface" sample taken on a surface. 

Known issue, there is an integration disconnect between engineering development and the science community as it relates to 

determining detailed requirements of sampling tools from a science perspective.

• NEEMO 21 closure inputs

• Integrated Geology Sampling System worked well for taking and storing samples

• Sampling tools concept worked well, but the tools may be bulky for Mars gravity

• Having the sample briefcase on the ground will make it difficult to use when wearing a pressure suit

• Further refinement is needed on the chip sample end effector to effectively capture a liberated sample

• A “stamper” mechanism should be further investigated for obtaining surface samples

• IRIS tool worked well for capturing a core sample and maintaining stratigraphy

• Marine science drill worked well for sampling, though indication marks would help crew achieve appropriate depth without 

damaging the sample surface

• Recommendations/Forward Work:

• Iterate the tools based on feedback from NEEMO 21 and evaluate the new prototypes

• Begin testing tools with a pressurized spacesuit

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SMT EVA Gap Closure Input: Tool Caddy Device for Surface EVA 

Tools (#108)

• Under #107 Tools for Surface EVA

• Was gap closures: 

• #505 Sample Storage and Curation

• #510 Tool Management Device

• Gap description: 

• Need EVA tools caddy device for each destination based on results of a trade study to determine if, and what type of, a tool caddy is 

needed, as compared to leaving EVA Tools on the local vehicle (rover, MOEV, truss-mounted tool box, etc.) and having the crew 

translate/walk back and forth with tools in hand.

• NEEMO 21 closure inputs

• Initial look at sled/cart options for large equipment transport

• Several variations: No wheels, 2 wheels, 4 wheels, rope handle, solid handle

• Tool caddy worked well, but adjustability will be a critical feature to accommodate different crew preferences

• Packing plan was critical

• Handle was an issue

• Customizable handle that you can mount computer (iDive) or navigation system (Navigator) to would be good

• Evaluated sling bag options for small items & easy access (sample markers, hand tools, electronics, etc.)

• A way to carry small amount of tools on the suit is critical

• The sling bag for small items (sample markers, hand tools, electronics, etc.) was conceptually good, but challenging to use with the dive system

• A vest to which things could be clipped on would work, used much like a mini workstation

• Need to determine the tool compliment for each phase of the EVA operations, and how those tools are best transported and stowed

• Recommendations/Forward Work:

• Develop a harness that could be attached to the suit in order to carry tools

• Look at ways to attach a small satchel to the suit for use in carrying a small load of tools a short distance

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SMT EVA Gap Closure Input: EVA-Robotic Work System

EVA-Robotic (Man-Machine) Work System

• Under #128 EVA Integration

• Gap description: 

• Need to address the use of robotic assets for EVA operations. 

• NEEMO 21 closure inputs

• A robotic asset gives the IV better situational awareness

• A robotic asset would give the MCC ST better overview and detailed imagery

• Recommendations/Forward Work:

• Evaluate a robotic system for providing situational awareness and highdefinition detailed science imagery

• Test using a robotic asset to scout a local area in preparation for an EVA, both 

driven by the crew and by MCC/ST

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Metrics & Data Analysis

Acceptability and Capability Ratings

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(N=10) 4-hour EVAs were evaluated using the 

following 3 Assessments

• NASA TLX Assessment

• Cognitive Support Assessment

• Workstation Interaction Assessment

N21 – IV Workstation Design and Evaluation

Map

Numerical & 

Graphical

EMU Telemetry 

Displays

Playbook 

Mission Log

Timeline and Science 

Tracking Software

EV1/2 Video

Comm. 

Box

High-Level Support Capabilities Provided

• Timeline Management

• Life Support System Monitoring

• Communication (real-time & delayed)

• Science Operations Support Worse Better

Level of Effectiveness

Not at all Somewhat Extremely

Communication and Timeline Awareness

Life Support System Monitoring 

and Timeline Alterations

Question Order: Lvl 1 -> Lvl 2 -> Lvl 3 Yes No

Lvl 1: Is the displayed information 

in the IV workstation easily 

acquired?

4 6

Lvl 2: Is the workstation what is 

needed to analyze and operate 

the EVA?

1 3

Lvl 3: Does the IV workstation 

facilitate efficient decision 

making?

1 0

Exemplar Response: “Information 

visualization or automated alerts failed to 

direct my attention in a timely manner. 

Deficiencies degraded my performance 

that threatened mission success.”

Preliminary Results

• IV workstation provides 

limited mental and temporal 

support

• Integration of Life Support 

System data with Timeline 

status is burdensome and 

creates undue overhead

• Overall, the provided IV 

workstation capabilities as 

they are currently designed 

rank in the “Not very” to 

“Somewhat” effective

Specific deficiencies are still being 

articulated to help inform future 

enhancements and redesign 

efforts 

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Core Exploration Metrics

No 

Rating

Unable 

to assess

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 NR

No 

Rating

Unable 

to assess

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 NR

Capabilities are 

likely to 

significantly 

enhance one or 

more aspects of 

the mission 

Capabilities likely 

to moderately 

enhance one or 

more aspects of 

the mission or 

significantly 

enhance the 

mission on rare 

occasions.

Capabilities are 

only marginally 

useful or useful 

only on very rare 

occasions

Capabilities are 

not useful under 

any reasonably 

foreseeable 

circumstances.

Acceptability Ratings should reflect the extent to which the condition overall was considered an 

“Acceptable” approach to conducting human exploration and the extent to which improvements, if any, are 

Capability Assessment should reflect the extent to which a capability or potential capability could be 

useful specifically during a human exploration mission

Essential / 

Enabling

Significantly 

Enhancing

Moderately 

Enhancing

Marginally 

Enhancing

Little or No 

Enhancement

Operational Acceptability : Able to reliably conduct operations with accurate exchange of all 

pertinent information and without excessive workload or (in-sim) avoidable inefficiencies or delay.

Scientific Acceptability : Able to reliably complete and record scientific observations, measurements, 

and/or sampling with sufficient quantity, distribution, resolution, accuracy, and/or integrity to test the 

scientific hypothesis/hypotheses.

Task Acceptability : Able to reliably complete a task without significant discomfort, exertion, fatigue, 

or avoidable inefficiencies, and without risk of injury to self or damage to equipment.

Totally 

Acceptable Acceptable Borderline Unacceptable

Totally 

Unacceptable

No improvements 

necessary

Minor 

improvements 

desired

Improvements 

warranted

Improvements 

required

Major 

improvements 

required

Impossible or 

highly inadvisable 

to perform 

mission without 

capability EVA-EXP-0053 | D. Coan (EVA/XX4/CX3) This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009467) 47
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EVA Con Ops Acceptability Ratings & Comments 

• ST Feedback During EVA (Intra-EVA Pre-Sampling + Sampling)

• Con ops: Crew completes pre-sampling surveys followed by sampling with ST feedback during the same EVA

• Rating: Borderline acceptable

• Comments: Improvements are warranted; schedule pressure and workload are high from real-time sampling requests; there are schedule impacts due to the need to carry all hardware for both 

presampling and sampling to each site

• Crew Note: Limitations in given tools and training made it challenging to conduct presampling and sampling tasks on the same day at a 15-min comm latency

• EVA Note: Minimal training was available for the NEEMO crew, which contributed to the challenge of this con op

• ST Feedback Between EVAs (Inter-EVA Pre-Sampling + Sampling)

• Con ops: Crew completes pre-sampling surveys in one EVA and sampling in a subsequent EVA, with ST feedback between the EVAs

• Rating: Acceptable 

• Comments: Having extra time prior to sampling for EV and IV to formulate and discuss the most efficient sampling plan for sampling is an improvement; allows for focusing of hardware that is 

needed for each phase to increase efficiency; improvements in relocation of candidate sample locations are needed the longer time has passed since initial visit or if different EVA crew does 

sampling

• Crew Note: It’s tough to come back to an area that someone else pre-sampled

• Autonomous Sampling (Sampling Only)

• Con ops: Crew completes sampling only – pre-sampling survey was done on the previous mission (NEEMO 20)

• Rating: Acceptable/Borderline

• Comments: Improvements are warranted in the ability to locate sampling targets (imagery, navigation to location)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

No 

improvements 

necessary

Minor 

improvements

desired

Improvements 

warranted

Improvements 

required

Major 

improvements 

required

Totally 

Acceptable Acceptable Borderline Unacceptable

Totally 

Unacceptable

Pre+Sam-IntraEVA

Pre+Sam-InterEVA

Sampling Only

Crew

ST

ST Feedback During EVA

ST Feedback Between EVAs

Autonomous Sampling

EVA-EXP-0053 | D. Coan (EVA/XX4/CX3) 48
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Post-EVA Consensus ST Task Acceptability Ratings & Comments

• Creation of Planned Traverses

• Rating: Acceptable

• Comments: Desired improvements are a Google Earth type 

mapping capabilities integrated w/ better a traverse planning tool 

to show remaining consumables, traverse time and distance, etc.

• Modification of Planned Traverses during an EVA 

• Rating: Borderline

• Comments: Warranted improvements are a system to allow ST to 

modify a traverse real-time and have that sent to the crew for 

use during the EVA

• View Video including Verbal Descriptions 

• Rating: Borderline

• Comments: Warranted improvements are higher resolution 

video to enable more accurate/reliable candidate sample 

identification

• Record Science Data

• Rating: Borderline

• Comments: Warranted improvements are an integrated system 

that IV and ST can both view and edit for tracking/recording of 

presampling and sampling tags, PAM data, etc.

• View Still Imagery

• Rating: Borderline

• Comments: Warranted improvements are to get high-definition 

imagery during EVA rather than as a data dump at the end of the day; 

this would allow for better validation of candidate samples and 

improved quality of annotated images

• Annotate Images

• Rating: Borderline

• Comments: Without ability to annotate images themselves, a better 

system to edit video screen grabs from helmet cams is warranted

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Post-EVA Consensus IV Task Acceptability Ratings & Comments

• Guide EVA Task Sequence Based on Planned Timeline

• Rating: Borderline

• Comments: Warranted improvements include the ability for the crew to review the 

planned EVA timeline sooner (than the evening before).

• Guide EVA Tasks Based on Cue Cards

• Rating: Acceptable

• Comments: Improve page-to-page navigation

• Guide EV Crew Based on Position and Planned Traverse

• Rating: Borderline

• Comments: Need more reliable EV crew tracking in relation to the planned traverse

• Record Actual EVA Task and Timeline Duration

• Rating: Unacceptable

• Comments: Tactical EVA Management Tool requires more flexibility to allow IV to 

change tasks, ordering, and durations, along with adding tasks

• Record Science Data Based on EV Descriptions and PAM Readings

• Rating: Unacceptable

• Comments: Science data tool should only have required information for each EVA; 

need ability to order/hide data once samples are completed; need better tracking 

of candidate sample markers that have been picked up

• EVA Note: Minimal training was available for the NEEMO crew, which contributed to 

the challenge of this task

• Communicate w/ EV via Voice

• Rating: Totally acceptable

• View EV Video

• Rating: Totally acceptable

• Communicate w/ ST/MCC via Text

• Rating: Borderline/Warranted improvements

• Comments: 

• Better ordering of mission log/text information should be instituted so that 

when input from MCC/ST is received by IV it does not appear off the screen

• Methods for acknowledging a message are required and also an indication 

in the message that it has been replied to

• Messages should indicate who/what they are for; have separate thread for 

EVA

• Quindar tones should only go off when messages are received, not sent

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Operations Concept Post-EVA Consensus Capability Assessment Ratings & Comments

• Site Precursor Imagery

• Rating: Essential/Enabling

• Comments: High-resolution imagery should have been 

available for previously visited sites; this should be 

combined with candidate sample location marking and EV 

crew position tracking in relation to traverse and targets

• Candidate Sample Location Marking

• Rating: Essential/Enabling

• Comments: Being able accurately mark and relocate 

candidate sample locations is enabling to the ops con

• Candidate Sample Location Imagery

• Rating: Essential/Enabling

• Comments: Ability to have candidate sample location 

imagery (or screen grabs of video) of sufficient resolution 

is enabling

• Scientific Instrument Data from EV to IV to ST

• Rating: Essential/Enabling

• Comments: A tool to record, track, and communicate 

science data w/ the ST is essential

• IV Use of ST Annotated Images to Direct EV Sampling

• Rating: Significantly enhancing

• Comments: Significantly enhanced the ability to 

precisely direct EVs to sampling sites

• EV Viewing of ST Annotated Images to Guide 

Sampling

• Rating: Significantly enhancing

• Comments: Not simulated during this mission but crew 

believed this capability would be significantly enhancing

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Post-EVA Consensus EVA Acceptability & Capability Ratings & Comments

• Use Electronic Cue Cards

• Rating: Borderline

• Comments: warranted improvements include leaner design of 

only what is needed by the EV crew for that EVA and better 

navigation between pages

• Navigate to Site/Region via Planned Traverse

• Rating: Borderline

• Comments: Warranted improvements include the use of one 

device that shows the planned traverse and current crew location 

in relation to that plan

• Translate w/ Crew Worn Equipment & Sled

• Rating: Acceptable

• Comments: If a pulled cart is used, desired improvements 

include a fixed rather than flexible cart handle and reducing 

workload of pulling the cart uphill; ideally, robotic assistants 

could carry tools as needed

• Mark Locations of Interest

• Rating: Unacceptable

• Comments: Required improvements include the ability to 

electronically mark every potential and actual sample location 

and guide the crew to those locations

• Timeline Management Tool

• Rating: Essential/enabling for IV crew

• EVA Note: Multiple tools for managing the EVA timeline were utilized, 

but only the spreadsheet was rated – a way to manage the timeline 

will be required

• Position Tracking of EV Crew

• Rating: Significantly enhancing

• Comments: IV crewmember can help guide EV crew if needed

• Continuous Video Feed from EV Crew

• Rating/Comment: Essential for ST in absence of images during EVA

• Continuous Comm between ST & IV

• Rating/Comment: Essential if presampling and sampling are done 

w/in an EVA

• Two IV Crewmembers

• Rating: Marginally enhancing

• Comment: w/ the right tools, IV is a once person job except in 

emergency

• Electronic Cue Cards

• Rating: Essential/enabling

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EVA Hardware & Task Acceptability Ratings & Comments

• Rock Core

• Rating: Acceptable

• Comments: Containment system improvements needed

• Rock Chip

• Rating: Simulation quality = 4 - earth gravity, water effected behavior 

of sample

• Comments: Better design for capture of the sample are warranted

• Regolith (aka IRIS Tool)

• Rating: Borderline

• Comments: “Tool is superb”; improvements warranted in having a 

reliable number of turns required to close off the aperture

• Float/Regolith

• Rating: Acceptable

• Comments: Improvements could include “single squeeze on the 

handle to cause the container to open and a claw to extend with jaws 

open. Releasing the handle to a first stop would have the jaws close 

& grab the sample, then the full closed detent would cause the lid to 

close.”

• Surface

• Rating: Borderline

• Comments: Improvements warranted to have squeeze handle to 

open and close stamp surface 

• Take Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) Fluorometry Readings

• Rating: Totally acceptable

• Comments: Worked acceptability

• Extract Samples

• Rating: Unacceptable

• Comments: Improvements required in training would include 

photos/video of sampling discussion of best techniques and more 

hands on sampling; drills required significant exertion 

• Preserve Samples

• Rating: Acceptable

• Comments: Desired minor improvements include methods to ensure 

proper securing of samples in sample containment bags

EVA-EXP-0053 | D. Coan (EVA/XX4/CX3) 53
Detailed Post-Test Objective Timing Data Analysis

MD6 MD7 MD10 (2 EVAs) MD11 MD12 MD13 MD14

EVA Duration 4:21:00 EVA Duration 4:26:00 EVA Duration 2:19:00 EVA Duration 3:45:00 EVA Duration 2:05:00 EVA Duration 4:46:00 EVA Duration 4:11:00

Presampling - IntraEVA (B1) Presampling - IntraEVA (B2) Sampling Only (N9) Presampling - InterEVA (D1) Sampling - InterEVA (C1) Sampling - InterEVA (D1*) Presampling - IntraEVA (C2)

temp tag placed 15 temp tags in B2 13 temp tags in D1 24 ST Assim. Time2-days ST Assim. Time2-days temp tags in C2 14

total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 0:46:00 total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 0:54:00

requested samples 3

total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 1:54:00

requested samples (5 pliers, 1 drill)

6

requested samples (2 drill, 1 chisel, 

14 pliers) 17 total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 1:04:00

sampling at N9 1 sampling in C1 (5 pliers, 1 drill) 6

sampling in D1 (2 drill, 2 chisel, 14 

pliers) 18*

Candidate Sample Search 20% Candidate Sample Search 27% total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 0:22:30 Candidate Sample Search 34% total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 0:59:00 added temp tags in D1 3 Candidate Sample Search 17%

Observation 24% Observation 25% Observation 16% total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 3:49:30 Observation 30%

Temporary Tag Search 7% Temporary Tag Search 6% Permanent Tag Search 9% Temporary Tag Search 14% Temporary Tag Search 5% Temporary Tag Search 2%

Instrument Utilization 24% Instrument Utilization 15% Observation 18% Instrument Utilization 17% Observation 25% Candidate Sample Search 1% Instrument Utilization 19%

Navigation/Translation 12% Navigation/Translation 12% Sample Collection 9% Navigation/Translation 5% Sample Collection 16% Observation 16% Navigation/Translation 2%

Site Clean-Up 8% Site Clean-Up 7% Navigation/Translation 2% Site Clean-Up 4% Sample Preservation 9% Temporary Tag Search 8% Site Set-Up 5%

Other 7% Other 2% Site Set-Up 18% Other 11% Navigation/Translation 9% Sample Collection 18% Site Clean-Up 1%

Presampling - InterEVA (E1) Sampling - InterEVA (E1) Site Clean-Up 13% Site Set-Up 9% Sample Preservation 6% Other 24%

ST Assim. Time1-day Other 31% Site Clean-Up 8% Navigation/Translation 5% Sampling - IntraEVA (C2)

temp tags placed 5 samples in E1 3 Sampling - InterEVA (B2.2) Other 14% Site Set-Up 4% ST Assim. Time from Presamp. Start 0:26:00 0:35:00 0:54:00

total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 0:35:30 total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 0:52:00 ST Assim. Time1-day Unknown (Due To Comm Dropouts) 13% Site Clean-Up 8% ST Assim. Time from Presamp. End 0:10:00 0:01:00 -00:15:00

requested samples (5 pliers, 1 chisel) 6 Other 12% ST Input Received before Sampling 0:10:00 0:01:00 -00:15:00

Candidate Sample Search 33% Temporary Tag Search 13% sampling at B2 (4 pliers) 4 Unknown (Due To Comm Dropouts) 22% requested samples (3 drill, 7 pliers) 10

Observation 9% Observation 14% total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 1:00:30 samples in C2 (3 drill, 6 pliers) 9

Temporary Tag Search 2% Sample Collection 14% total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 1:27:00

Instrument Utilization 10% Sample Preservation 7% Temporary Tag Search 8%

Navigation/Translation 7% Navigation/Translation 7% Observation 18% Temporary Tag Search 7%

Site Set-Up 2% Site Set-Up 13% Sample Collection 21% Observation 24%

Site Clean-Up 1% Site Clean-Up 24% Sample Preservation 7% Sample Collection 18%

Other 8% Other 24% Navigation/Translation 4% Sample Preservation 9%

Unknown (Due To Comm Dropouts) 7% (different EVA team) Site Set-Up 7% Navigation/Translation 5%

Sampling - IntraEVA (B1) Sampling - IntraEVA (B2.1) Site Clean-Up 17% Site Set-Up 6%

ST Assim. Time from Presamp. Start1:01:00 ST Assim. Time from Presamp. Start1:15:00 Other 17% Site Clean-Up 18%

ST Assim. Time from Presamp. End0:16:00 ST Assim. Time from Presamp. End0:21:00 2nd EVA Other 13%

ST Input Received before Sampling0:28:00 ST Input Received before Sampling1:08:00 EVA Duration 2:30:00

requested samples 9 requested samples (5 drill, 4 plier, 1 chisel) 10 Sampling Only (N15)

samples in B1 (5 plier, 3 drill) 8 samples in B2 (3 drill) 3 requested samples (3 chisel) 3

total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 1:17:00 total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 0:42:30 sampling at N15 (3 chisel) 3

total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 0:37:00

Temporary Tag Search 8%

Observation 33% Observation 12% Permanent Tag Search 38%

Sample Collection 29% Sample Collection 11% Observation 1%

Sample Preservation 24% Sample Preservation 5% Sample Collection 24%

Navigation/Translation 12% Navigation/Translation 5% Sample Preservation 4%

Site Set-Up 12% Site Set-Up 20% Navigation/Translation 3%

Site Clean-Up 33% Site Clean-Up 15% Site Set-Up 12%

Other 8% Other 26% Site Clean-Up 7%

Unknown (Due To Comm Dropouts) 16% Unknown (Due To Comm Dropouts) 26% Other 11%

Presampling - InterEVA (C1)

temp tags in C1 14

total time (avg. EV1+EV2) 0:34:00

Candidate Sample Search 24%

Observation 24%

Instrument Utilization 24%

Navigation/Translation 9%

Site Clean-Up 4%

Other 16%

• Color coding shows new reef exploration site pre-sampling surveys 

and subsequent associated sampling, some within an EVA and some 

across EVAs

• Detailed task duration statistics are shown for each EVA

• Also shown are ST assimilation times that reflect the time that the 

ST had and took to send sampling priorities to the crew

• For assimilation times across days, the ST reviewed high-res 

imagery and created cue cards to direct sampling (~2 hours)

• Continued analysis in work for input to modeling efforts

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NEEMO 21 Summary HAT Research Findings

1. Mars mission operations concepts, capabilities, and communications protocols developed and tested during 

previous analog tests with strategically designed to include additional ST assimilation time are borderline 

acceptable from a science and operations perspective for 15 min OWLT latency. Improvements desired, 

warranted, or required include (full list and details earlier in presentation):

• The ability to re-locate a candidate sample is a technique we will have when we go to Mars. 

Improvements are desired for methods in which this can be done more efficiently in-sim.

• ST sampling requests must match sampling time available in the EVA timeline (e.g., ST should not request 

more samples than the crew can actually collect in a given time period). Clear understanding of the time 

it takes to complete a sampling task is important

1a. Acceptability of the Mars mission baseline ops con is acceptable based on giving extra time to the ST to provide 

input to the crew and additional data (i.e. high-res imagery) to be used to provide that input.

• In order to operate more effectively and efficiently with less time between pre-sampling and sampling 

tasks, the right capabilities (e.g., technologies, number of personnel and division of responsibility) need 

to be provided to IV and the ST to reduce workload and facilitate concurrent tactical and strategic 

planning. This is especially true across longer communication latencies.

• ST used high-resolution still imagery of candidate samples (as opposed to low-resolution video only) 

to refine their sampling priorities (in approximately 10-15% of the cases) and created annotated 

imagery to guide sampling.

• This could have been accomplished within an EVA with the capability for image transmission and 

enough ST personnel to perform the required tasks of review and annotation.

• ST input was sent/received prior to when it was needed by the crew.

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NEEMO 21 Summary HAT Research Findings

2. Mars mission operations concepts, capabilities, and communications protocols designed to only allow for reactive 

ST feedback across latency work acceptably (from a science and operations perspective) for 15 min OWLT latency. 

Improvements desired, warranted, or required include (full list and details earlier in presentation):

• Warranted improvements were noted in the ability to precisely locate the corals to be re-sampled (which 

should be available for previously visited sites). Specifically, imagery of the targeted samples and overall area in 

addition to a reliable means of navigating to these locations are needed.

3. Which capabilities are enabling and significantly enhancing for the Mars mission operations concepts and protocols 

being tested? (full list and details earlier in presentation)

• Site Precursor Imagery

• Candidate Sample Location Marking

• Candidate Sample Location Imagery

• Scientific Instrument Data from EV to IV to ST

• IV Use of ST Annotated Images to Direct EV Sampling

• EV Viewing of ST Annotated Images to Guide Sampling

• Tactical EVA Management Tool

• Position Tracking of EV Crew

• Continuous Video Feed from EV Crew

• Continuous Comm between ST and IV

• Electronic Cue Cards

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IVA Objectives & Tasks

Enabled full mission simulation and time pressure for EVA

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Intra-Vehicular Activities: Overview

Miniaturized Exercise 

Device MED 2.0

Evaluations

MobiPV 

Evaluation

Aquapad 

Evaluation

Nutritional 

Assessment Tool

EVA Swab Tool

Miniaturized DNA 

Sequencer

Portable Sensorimotor 

Assessment Platform (PSAP)

HoloLens for Cargo 

Transfer Assessment

Playbook - Timeline Tool

VEGA Telehealth -

Portable monitoring devices

IHMC - Multi-Omic Study

Teloregen - Regeneration Study

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Intra-Vehicular Activities: Miniaturized Exercise Device MED 2.0

Miniaturized Exercise Device MED 2.0

 Other ISS ops changes that will result from this eval:

 “How to” videos will be easy to find and can be

updated without changing flight software

 Identified shortcoming of the MED 2 heart rate

monitor Bluetooth pairing with the Microsoft

Surface Pro 3 => all MCC operators will be familiar

with troubleshooting steps required, and step-bystep procedures will be available for the crew

 Accomplished extensive procedure verification

which closed numerous holes in the procedures

 Additional training/simulation opportunity for MED

2 ISS ops and engineering support teams

 Add flexibility to change ops parameters remotely

 Potential Safety issues raised by the crew caused

changes to upcoming ISS eval:

 New Caution Block added to flight procedures

 Ground training modified

 Shoulder presses will be eliminated from in-flight

eval

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Intra-Vehicular Activities: Miniaturized DNA Sequencer

 Validated a usable swab-to-sequencer protocol (procedure) in which

environmental samples are collected

 Currently applying numerous suggestions from crew feedback to streamline

procedure execution on ISS

• Developing “just in time” training videos

• Improving packaging

• Targeted improvements to crew training

• Assessing alternate enzymes that are all stable at a common

temperature

• Simplifying labeling and increased use of color coding

 Demonstrated that a crew member, regardless of background, can collect an

environmental sample, extract DNA from that sample, amplify the DNA, prepare

the amplified DNA to be sequenced, and, finally, sequence DNA in an extreme

environment.

 Normally requires trained molecular biologists with a complete suite of

sophisticated equipment

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Intra-Vehicular Activities: ESA Evaluations

MobiPV Evaluation

 Procedure viewer tool for ISS use (CY 17)

 Concept has operational value and holds the

potential to greatly simplify and speed up the

execution of intensive, hands-busy activities

 Validated multiple concurrent ground mobiPV

systems (e.g. Capcom on the top side,

engineering support in Europe)

 Ops environment provided extensive feedback 

that is being incorporated into FSW

Aquapad Evaluation

 Water sampling protocol for ISS (Inc. 50)

 Validated Aquapad is faster and simpler to use

than current ISS method

 Trash reduction of > 50% realized from crew

feedback

ESA Nutritional Assessment 

Tool Evaluation 

 Nutrition tracking tool for ISS use (Inc. 50)

 Validated approach and received concrete

feedback for improvements

 Maintaining food database was difficult with

mid-mission resupplies

 Database on Ground (vice Onboard) server

improved software updates, data transfer

without sacrificing reliability

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Additional Backup

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SCIENCE CORAL RESTORATION FOUNDATION

 Nonprofit conservation 

organization dedicated to 

creating offshore nurseries & 

restoration programs for 

threatened coral species. 

 Their mission is to develop 

effective coral nursery and 

restoration techniques and to 

train & empower others to do 

the same in their area. 

EVA-EXP-0053 | D. Coan (EVA/XX4/CX3) This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009467) 63
Crew Considerations: Astronauts as Aquanauts 

NEEMO EXPERIENCE CONTRIBUTES 

TO CREW READINESS

 Living aboard Aquarius in saturation is superb

analog for life aboard ISS.

 Multi-national Crew conducted real research

for Principal Investigators within NASA and for

outside agencies and universities.

 Potential element in ISS Commander Upgrade

training.

CREW HELPS MATURE CONCEPTS & 

EQUIPMENT FOR ISS

 Crew evaluated and provided feedback on

software and hardware that is being

developed for use aboard ISS, e.g. Playbook,

mini DNA Sequencer, MED, mobiPV, AquaPad,

ENA, HoloLens use for cargo transfer

 N21 in situ DNA sample preparation

and sequencing experience just in time

to inform operations aboard ISS.

CREW HELPS REFINE OPS CONCEPTS 

FOR EXPLORATION

 Crew conducted complex EVAs including real

sample collection under Mars-similar time

delay.

 Local IV directed real-time operation with

time-delayed input from Science Team.

 Experienced Crewmembers contribute critical

feedback to overall operations concepts being

assessed.

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Outreach

Micro-g NExT

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NEEMO Life: Above and Below

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iTouch 

with voice 

recorder

(on wall)

5.200 IV Workstation Configuration

EVA Datasheet /

Mission Log

SpeakerSpeaker

AMRON 

Comms 

Box

ROV display

ROV 

joystick

iTouch 

with Voxer

(on stand)

EVA

Cue Cards

Mission Log (duplicate)

1. Power on all laptops

2. Set up iPad (O’Griofa’s) in Amron box lid

a. Plug in charging cable

b. Load EVA cue cards

3. Set up iTouches

a. 1 Velcroed to wall (for voice recorder)

b. 1 on stand (for VCOM)

4. On back NEEMO laptop:

a. Start red diver video: 192.168.0.15

(Verify with Hab Tech)

b. Start green diver video: 192.168.0.16

(Verify with Hab Tech)

c. Start preferred external video 

(Obtain IP from Hab Tech)

d. Start ROV video 

(Check with MCC for IP)

e. Start Mission Log

5. On Dive Log laptop:

a. Configure Dive Log and size to fit 1⁄2 of 

screen

b. Load appropriate EMU telemetry video 

per execute note and size to fit 1⁄2 of 

screen

6. On NPS laptop:

a. Contact MCC for instructions if utilizing

7. On fwd NEEMO laptop:

a. Open Mission Log and keep in 

background unless sending a message

b. Open current day’s Tactical EVA 

Management Tool and size to fit on top 

half of screen

c. Open current day’s Science Datasheet 

and size to fit bottom half of screen

Note: This laptop is screen-shared with MCC

Dive Log

EMU 

Telemetry

Red Diver Green 

Diver

ROV Cam External 

Cam

Science 

Datasheet

NEEMO Laptop

NEEMO Laptop Dive Log Laptop NPS Laptop

iPad (O’Griofa’s)

Switch

USBL 

Controller

Teradek

Wet porch

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