COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA 

Present: Judges Humphreys, Beales and Powell 

KENNETH FONTAINE 

 MEMORANDUM OPINION*

v. Record No. 1606-08-4 PER CURIAM 

 OCTOBER 28, 2008 

TINA FONTAINE 

FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE CITY OF ALEXANDRIA 

Donald M. Haddock, Judge 

 (Kenneth Fontaine, pro se, on brief). 

 No brief for appellee. 

 Kenneth Fontaine, appellant, contends the trial court erred in ruling that the effective date of 

a protective order was November 15, 2006. Upon review of the record and the opening brief, we 

conclude that this appeal is without merit. Accordingly, we summarily affirm the decision of the 

trial court. Rule 5A:27. 

 The record does not contain a transcript of proceedings. Appellant timely filed a proposed 

written statement of facts with the trial court; however, the trial judge has not signed it. In Proctor 

v. Town of Colonial Beach, 15 Va. App. 608, 425 S.E.2d 818 (1993) (en banc), we set forth the 

obligations of litigants and trial judges concerning the filing and handling of a written statement 

of facts. We stated: 

Rule 5A:8(c) states that a written statement becomes a part of the 

record when (1) it is filed in the office of the clerk of the trial court 

within fifty-five days after entry of judgment, (2) a copy of the 

statement is mailed or delivered to opposing counsel along with a 

notice that the statement will be presented to the trial judge 

between fifteen and twenty days after filing, and (3) the trial judge 

 *

 Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication. 
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signs the statement and the signed statement is filed in the office of 

the clerk. 

Id. at 610, 425 S.E.2d at 819 (footnote omitted). 

 Appellant complied with element (1) of Rule 5A:8(c); however, he failed to meet the 

requirements of element (2). Specifically, appellant has not established that “a copy of the 

statement [was] mailed or delivered to opposing counsel along with a notice that the statement 

will be presented to the trial judge between fifteen and twenty days after filing.” Id. (emphasis 

added). Accordingly, appellant has not established prima facie compliance with Rule 

5A:8(c)(1). 

 Because appellant “has not established prima facie compliance, we hold that a remand for 

compliance by the trial judge is inappropriate. Consequently, the statement of facts is not ‘a part 

of the record.’” Clary v. Clary, 15 Va. App. 598, 600, 425 S.E.2d 821, 822 (1993) (en banc) 

(quoting Mayhood v. Mayhood, 4 Va. App. 365, 369, 358 S.E.2d 182, 184 (1987)). 

 In light of our determination that the statement of facts is not a part of the record, we 

must consider whether a transcript or statement of facts is indispensable to a determination of the 

issue on appeal. See Anderson v. Commonwealth, 13 Va. App. 506, 508-09, 413 S.E.2d 75, 

76-77 (1992); Turner v. Commonwealth, 2 Va. App. 96, 99-100, 341 S.E.2d 400, 402 (1986). 

On appeal, appellant argues that “the protective order has served out a two year statute in 

March 2008 and I was not found to be a threat to Mrs. Fontaine.” Although the absence of a 

transcript or statement of facts is arguably dispensable to the determination of this issue, the 

record before us contains nothing that demonstrates error on the part of the trial court. 

 “An appellate court must dispose of the case upon the record and cannot base its decision 

upon appellant’s petition or brief, or statements of counsel in open court. We may act only upon 

facts contained in the record.” Smith v. Commonwealth, 16 Va. App. 630, 635, 432 S.E.2d 2, 6 

(1993). “[O]n appeal the judgment of the lower court is presumed to be correct and the burden is 
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on the appellant to present to us a sufficient record from which we can determine whether the 

lower court has erred in the respect complained of.” Justis v. Young, 202 Va. 631, 632, 119 

S.E.2d 255, 256-57 (1961). “The burden is upon the appellant to provide us with a record which 

substantiates the claim of error. In the absence thereof, we will not consider the point.” Jenkins 

v. Winchester Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 12 Va. App. 1178, 1185, 409 S.E.2d 16, 20 (1991) (citation 

omitted). 

 The record properly before us contains the November 15, 2006 protective order, appellant’s 

motions to amend, clarify or dismiss the protective order, and the order from which this appeal 

derives. Nothing in these documents supports appellant’s position on appeal or demonstrates that 

the trial court’s order is in error. Therefore, the presumption that the trial court’s judgment is 

correct remains intact and unrebutted, and we affirm that judgment. 

Affirmed.