NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations

Enabling human space exploration through the integration of mission planning, operations, EVA, and science

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NEEMO 22 

EVA Overview & Debrief

EVA-EXP-0054

EVA Exploration Office | XX4

David Coan | NEEMO Mission Management Team, EVA Lead

December 5, 2017

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 1
AGENDA

• NEEMO Analog Overview

• Integrated Operational Testing: Who, What, Where, Why, How

• NEEMO 22 Mission Overview

• NEEMO 22 Integrated EVA 

• NEEMO 22 IVA

• Backup

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 2
NEEMO ANALOG OVERVIEW

Integrated Operational Testing: Who, What, Where, Why, & How

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 3
TERRESTRIAL

LABORATORY

RELEVANT ENVIRONMENTS

To achieve mission readiness through integration and testing of technologies, systems, 

operations, and science in relevant environments

• Close technology, exploration, and science gaps

• Identify and develop the best systems, innovations, and operational approaches

• Drive out results not found in standalone testing, including things that do and do not work 

in a mission environment

• Inform strategic architectural and concept of operations development efforts 

• Facilitate EVA concepts of operations development

OUTCOME: These efforts will ultimately led to mission readiness and success, reduce the risk, 

increase the scientific return, and improve the affordability of NASA programs and missions. 

ANALOGS: WHO, WHAT, WHERE, WHY, & HOW

4

TECHNIQUES

TECHNOLOGIES

TRAINING

MULTI-ORGANIZATIONAL TEAMS INTEGRATION THEMES

PLANNING

EVA

SCIENCE

TECHNOLOGY c

EXPLORATION INTEGRATION

oordinated integration

& SCIENCE DIRECTORATE

TOOLS AQUATIC

High-fidelity integrated multi-disciplinary operational development missions that closely mimic the space environment of 

interest, and allow for end-to-end operations, thus developing and testing concepts that enable Exploration missions

WHO WHAT WHERE

WHY HOW

INTEGRATED OPERATIONAL TESTING

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470)
WHY: EVA GOALS FOR INTEGRATED OPERATIONAL TESTING

EVA Goals

• Advance the future of the EVA System and 

operations

• Understand EVA capability, knowledge, and 

technology gaps and concepts of operations 

for a wide range of Exploration destinations 

being considered by NASA

• Assess the system and architectural 

interactions between Operations, 

Engineering, and Science 

• Determine and document closures to gaps in 

EVA capabilities and knowledge for 

Exploration missions

• Develop and document concepts of 

operations for EVA at the Exploration 

destinations

• Realize the needs of EVA equipment and 

enable the development of concepts for 

design maturation on the road-to-flight 

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 5
WHO: NASA, ACADEMIA, INDUSTRY, MILITARY @ NEEMO

JSC

ARC KSC

JPL

GSFC

XM

EC CB ER

SK

XX XI

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 6
Exploration Operations

• Procedure development/refinement 

• Signal latency (time delay) & blockage

• Bandwidth limitations

EVA Operations

• EVA concepts of operations

• EVAs in undefined environments 

• Advanced capabilities

Science Operations

• Flexecution methodology

• Decision making protocols

• Transverse planning

Robotic Operations

• Autonomous

• Crew controlled

• Human-Robotic interface & integration

TOOLS TECHNIQUES TECHNOLOGIES TRAINING

WHAT: DEVELOPMENT & INTEGRATION THEMES

EVA Systems

• EVA tools and equipment

• Large equipment transport

• Small tool transport on suit

• Informatics

• Crew rescue

• EVA Support System & IV Workstation

• Science instruments and sample 

acquisition tools

Instrumentation

• Sample identification / high-grading

• ISRU verification

Sample Collection/Curation

• Collection

• Contamination Mitigation

• Preservation/Storage

Emerging Technologies

• Virtual/Hybrid reality opportunities 

• Relevant cutting-edge systems and 

capabilities for Exploration and EVA

• Rapid testing environment for 

development of emerging technologies

Innovations Incubator

• Relevant environments and operational 

constraints are a breeding ground for 

innovation 

Partnerships

• Opportunities for external partners to 

demonstrate current capabilities

• Direct collaboration leading to proposal 

and other funding avenues

• Strengthens international partnerships

Cross-Disciplinary Training

• Learning each others language, 

requirements, and drivers in EISD

• Ex. Geo-Science Field Training for 

managers and engineers

Astronaut Crew Training 

• Additional expeditionary and leadership 

opportunities

• Enhances both operational and science 

training objectives 

Operational Training 

• Provides ops training prior to payload 

flights for payload PIs and teams

• Enables development of engineers and 

scientists not normally exposed to 

operations

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 7
ENGINEERING

SCIENCE

OPERATIONS

Florida International 

University

WHAT: INTEGRATED EVA OPERATIONS

Aquarius

Reef Base 

EVA Strategic Planning & 

Architecture

XX

Mission Planning, 

Develop & Integration

XM

Crew & Thermal

Systems - Tools

EC

Integrated EVA Science Operations

Astromaterials Research &

Exploration Science (ARES)

XI

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 8
WHERE: NASA EXTREME ENVIRONMENT MISSION OPERATIONS (NEEMO)

• Premiere analog that allows for evaluations of EVA end-to-end concepts of operations with crew that are in-situ in a true extreme 

environment and provides for flight-like interactions between the crew and an MCC/Science Team, including over comm latencies

• NASA analog mission that sends groups of astronauts, engineers and scientists to live, work and explore in a challenging 

environment

• Series of 22 space exploration simulations conducted since 2001

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 9
WHERE: NEEMO FACILITIES

• Aquarius Reef Base, the world's only undersea research station

• Located 5.4 miles (9 kilometers) off Key Largo in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary

• 62 feet (19 meters) below the surface next to a deep coral reef named Conch Reef

• Operated by Florida International University

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 10
HOW: NEEMO “SPACECRAFT” AND “SPACESUIT”

THE “SPACESUIT”: KM 37SS HELMET W/ WETSUIT & HARNESS FOR SURFACE SUPPLIED DIVING SYSTEM (SSDS)

THE “SPACECRAFT”: AQUARIUS UNDERWATER HABITAT

62ft depth

~20,000 mm

~50ft depth

Dive helmet & system provide good analog 

to a spacesuit for concepts of operations 

evaluations

Both have different but comparable 

challenges for operations

37SS: Narrower FOV, Helmet movable

xEMU: Wider FOV, Helmet fixed

Wetsuit & harness: Flexible, but restrictive

xEMU: Pressurized, bulky

TBD mEMU concept

(courtesy of The Martian)

xEMU concept

KM 37SS

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 11
HOW: A DAY IN THE LIFE OF NEEMO EVA OPERATIONS

Data Collection Science Team Feedback

Tagging & Documenting

Identifying Samples

Ingress

Sample Acquisition and Curation

EVA prep and egress Exploring the Reef and Locating Sites

ST

IV

EV

IV

= voice

= text

= data

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 12
NEEMO 22 Mission Overview

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 13
 Overview

• Successful 10 day mission living and working from Aquarius Reef Base

• Completed a combination of Exploration EVA and ISS related objectives

• Numerous participating organizations across NASA, JSC, ESA, JAXA, 

Research Institutions, Universities, and Industry Partners

 Key Dates

• Engineering Week: May 8-16

• JSC Crew Training Week: May 22-25

• Test Readiness Review: May 30

• ARB Crew Training Week: June 12-16

• NEEMO 22 Mission: June 18-27

 Crew Members

• Kjell Lindgren

• Trevor Graff

• Pedro Duque

• Dom D’Agostino

NASA EXTREME ENVIRONMENT MISSION OPERATIONS - NEEMO 22

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 14
NEEMO 22 PARTNERS/COLLABORATORS

• NASA

• JSC

• XM: Mission management, mission director, integration

• XI: Mission management, Science objectives, Science Team leadership, crewmember

• XX: Mission management, EVA leadership, EVA objectives (ops concepts, tools development, informatics)

• EA (EC, ER): PI for multiple evaluation objectives, building EVA tools

• CB: Crewmember

• SK: PI for mission objectives

• PAO: Public Affairs activities

• ARC: Mission planners and timeline tool 

• KSC: Communications, data management, and logistics support

• ESA: Crewmember, research objectives

• JAXA: Ops Support

• Academia

• Johns Hopkins University: Research objectives

• University of South Florida: Research objectives

• Florida International University (FIU): Aquarius owner and operator, marine science support

• Georgia Institute of Technology: EVA Cognitive Work Analysis graduate study

• University of North Carolina at Wilmington: Science instrumentation

• University of Houston Clear Lake: Research objectives

• Institutions

• Florida Institute for Human & Machine Cognition: Research objectives, crewmember

• Coral Restoration Foundation: Research and mission objectives

• Industry

• Honeybee: Core drilling solution

• AllTraq: Mission objectives

• Shark Marine: Providing a navigation system

• Aexa Aerospace: Providing HoloLens units and expertise AllTraq

EVA Strategic

Planning & 

Architecture

XX

Mission Planning, 

Develop & Integration

XM

Crew & Thermal

Systems - Tools

EC

Astromaterials Research &

Exploration Science (ARES)

XI

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 15
Category Gap/Risk Experiment Sponsor Beneficiary

Exercise Countermeasures VETSS SK/ER ISS, Orion

Ultrasound w/ Remote Guidance ER ISS ------> Exploration

Life Supt system procedure ER ISS ------> Exploration

Inventory Management AllTraq AllTraq ISS ------> Exploration

Mobile Crew Planning Tool Playbook ARC ISS ------> Exploration

in situ DNA sequencing mini DNA Sequencer SK ISS ------> Exploration

Crew Self Scheduling XX/ARC ISS ------> Exploration

Integrated Science Team XI/XX Exploration

Sample Acquisition XI/XX Exploration

Sample Stowage XI/XX Exploration

Small Tool Transport on EVA suit XX/XI Exploration

Large Tool/hardware transport XX/XI Exploration

IV Support System X X Exploration

IV Workstation Support Tools XX/XI Exploration

LESA ESA Exploration

Hyperbaric body changes Body Composition Study IHMC/USF N/A

Hyperbaric sleep effects Autonomic Function IHMC/USF N/A

Hyperbaric microbiome changes Microbiome Study IHMC/USF N/A

Dietary influence on psychology Psych Study USF ISS ------> Exploration

Sensorimotor degradation RAPSAP Johns Hopkins ISS ------> Exploration

Reef mortality Coral Science FIU, CRF N/A

 Crew Preparation Expeditionary Training CDR upgrade CB (+IPs) ISS ------> Exploration

 PAO events PAO ISS ------> Exploration

 Educational Outreach PAO ISS ------> Exploration Outreach Opportunities N/A

Autonomous Procedures

Pure Science

Tool & Technology 

Maturation for Ops

Exploration Surface Ops with Comm 

Delay Ops Concept Maturation

MISSION PROGRAM RELEVANCY



EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 16
PRE-MISSION N22 EVA TIMELINE (FROM 5/23/17)

LOS (~30 min)

LOS (~30 min)

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 17
NEEMO 22 Integrated EVA

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 18
Informatics

NEEMO 22 EVA OBJECTIVES TIED TO KNOWLEDGE & CAPABILITY GAPS

Robotic-EVA 

Ops

Secondary 

Objectives

 IV Support System for EVA Operations

 EVA Graphical Display

 EVA Short Range Navigation

 Mixed / Augmented Reality Capability

 EVA Suit Heads-Up Display 

 Situational Awareness for IVA & MCC  EVA-Robotic (Man-Machine) Work System

 Robotic Payload Transport for EVA 

*Shark Marine

 IV Support System & Workstation

 EVA/Science task tracking *Marvin & Playbook

 EVA Digital Cue Cards

 EVA Navigation *Shark Marine

 EVA Augmented Vision Heads-Up Display 

*Navy Diver Augmented Vision Display demo

EVA Tools

 Tools for Science Sampling on a Surface 

EVA

 Subsurface samples (core)

 Tool Carrier Device

 Tool Attachment/Harness for Surface EVA

 Integrated Geoscience Sampling System 

*Core sample acquisition (Honeybee Robotics)

 Large tool/hardware transport & stowage 

*EVA Modular Equipment Transportation System

 Small tool transport on EVA suit

Concepts of 

Operations

 Integrated EVA Flight Control 

Methodology

 Tools for Interacting with EVA Over a 

Comm Latency 

 Flexible Execution Methodology for EVA 

Science Operations in Undefined 

Environments 

 Integrated EVA Operations with Science Tasks

 Integrating Informatics

 IV support System & Workstation

 Flexecution

 Traverse Planning

Primary EVA Objectives

EVA Objectives SMT EVA Knowledge/Capability Gaps

The primary goal for EVA was to inform the Exploration EVA System Concept of Operations document by exploring the 

combination of Operations and Engineering with Science for Exploration destinations in a mission-like environment































EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 19
REEF FOLLOW-UP SCIENCE

 Continued research and sampling conducted

during NEEMO 20 and 21

 Crew successfully navigated to, located,

documented and re-sampled colonies

 Science team developed the overall

sampling strategy and traverse plans

NURSERY CONSTRUCTION & SCIENCE

 Modified and conducted continued science

investigation on two long-term coral

nurseries near ARB

• 50’ nursery

• 90’ nursery (deepest in the world)

REEF EXPLORATION SCIENCE

 Explored and expanded into new sites; coral

science was correlated to nurseries as a

natural baseline

 Described, documented, and sampled

additional samples for long term research

DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE-DRIVEN EVA OPERATIONS

SCIENCE NEEMO 22 EVA SCIENCE OVERVIEW

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 20
 Nonprofit conservation 

organization dedicated to 

creating offshore nurseries & 

restoration programs for 

threatened coral species. 

 Their mission is to develop 

effective coral nursery and 

restoration techniques and to 

train & empower others to do 

the same in their area. 

COLLABORATION OF SCIENCE BETWEEN NASA AND EXTERNAL PARTNERS

SCIENCE CORAL RESTORATION FOUNDATION

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 21
 Laboratory of Integrative Marine 

Genomics and Symbiosis (IMaGeS) 

 Focuses on the study of the 

symbiotic interactions between 

microbial organisms and cnidarian 

hosts, in particular reef-building 

corals, from different 

perspectives, including cell 

biology, eco-physiology & ecology.

Ultimately inform ongoing coral 

restoration efforts & 

understanding of the changing 

reef environment

Provide time & depth components

Provide a natural baseline for coral 

restoration efforts

Genetically characterize the coral 

symbiotic community

Multiyear Science Investigation

Agaricia Siderastrea Orbicella

Endangered Coral Species

Growing Partnerships and Advanced Instrumentation

Peer Reviewed Results

EVALUATION OF RELEVANT SCIENCE WITH NASA AND EXTERNAL PARTNERS

SCIENCE MARINE EXPLORATION SCIENCE

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 22
PLANETARY SCIENCE RELEVANCE

 Sampling Procedures

 Sampling Techniques

 Collection Tools

 Contamination

 Storage & Transport 

Curation

Research

Exploration

Astromaterials 

 Remote Sensing

 In-situ Instrumentation

 High-grading Samples 

 Context Descriptions

 Documentation

 Science Operations

 Traverse Planning

 Operational Flexibility

 Human-Robot Ops

 Crew Science Training

 NEEMO EVA science activities 

included deployment of 

handheld instrumentation, 

context descriptions, imaging, 

and sampling

 The marine science activities 

and associated research 

objectives serve as an 

appropriate proxy for planetary 

surface exploration activities

 Integration, coordination, and 

education from diverse 

disciplines and organizations

Astromaterials Research &

Exploration Science (ARES)

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 23
INTEGRATED EVA &

SCIENCE OPERATIONS

 Evaluated Exploration EVA

operations that predominately

include science tasks

 Examined con ops that enable

interaction between the MCC &

the crew over a long comm

latency and blockage including:

• Interaction with an 

integrated Science Team

• Authentic scientific 

objectives and hypothesis

• Flexecution methodology

OPERATIONS NEEMO 22 EVA OPS CON OVERVIEW

ST

IV

EV

IV

= voice

= text

= data

DEVELOPMENT OF EXPLORATION EVA OPERATIONS CONCEPTS

EVA/IV SUPPORT SYSTEM &

PLANNING FOR EVA

 Evaluated a Support System that

utilizes an open-source digital

timeline execution and life

support system management

tool designed to support

Intravehicular Activity during

EVA

 Examined ways to minimize

number of computers and

monitors required for

operations, hence reducing

space and launch mass needed

 Looked at using a projector for

crew planning and briefing

UTILIZATION OF SCIENTIFIC 

INSTRUMENTS

 Assessed the effects of

incorporating scientific

instruments into EVA ops

EVA DIGITAL CUE CARDS

 Evaluated digital cue cards for

EVA crew that allowed crew to

operate more effectively and

offload IV tasks

 Additional crew autonomy

requires further access to

information in their hands

 Tested concept for a potential

“one-device” for cue

cards/procedures, images/video,

instrument control, etc.

NAVIGATION & TRAVERSE 

PLANNING

 Evaluated procedures for

navigating both to previouslysampled regions and new

exploration zones

WITH LUNAR AND MARS COMMUNICATION LATENCY & BLOCKAGE CON OPS

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 24
INTEGRATED EVA OPERATIONS WITH SCIENCE-DRIVEN TASKS

Objective

• Analyze integrated EVA science operations to determine what 

functions/capabilities are needed to enable a Mission Control Center (MCC) 

integrated Science Team to effectively operate and actively direct EVA operations 

with science tasks over a signal (comm & data) latency and blockage

• Determine what functions/capabilities and techniques are needed to enable the 

EVA crew to effectively operate more autonomously and communicate 

information to MCC over a signal latency and blockage

• Evaluate flexible execution methodology and decision making protocols for 

science tasks during EVA operations

Implementation

• An onshore MCC Flight Control Team (FCT) that includes a Mission Director, EVA 

Officer, CAPCOM, and other system/subject matter experts

• An onshore Science Team that includes a Science Lead, subject matter experts, 

and Science Communicator (SCICOM)

• Mission (flight) rules volume and mission priorities, heightened mission tempo 

and pressure with additional flight control rigor, spacesuit telemetry, FCT GO/NO 

GO calls, and IVA task/experiment timeline

ST

IV

EV

IV

= voice

= text

= data

Key Take-Aways

• EVA crew demonstrated the capability to operate more autonomously while simultaneously communicating with and 

incorporating input from an Earth-based MCC and ST

• With science instruments that take time to acquire data, it is possible to plan the EVA such that the crew can successfully 

receive input from the ST to execute science sampling operations during an EVA over a signal latency

• An EVA support system for an IV crewmember that is directing real-time ops will be critical for management of the large volume 

of data

• Additional complexity of airlock and spacesuit EVA operations will impact the way operations and science tasks will be planned 

and directed

• A flight control operations paradigm and decision making protocols will need to be developed in order to integrate science tasks 

and subject matter experts within the context of an EVA while executing in dynamically changing situations in a natural 

environment – including how decisions are made between a Mission Director, EVA Officer, and SCICOM/Science Lead

MCC Flight Control Team

MCC Science Team

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 25
EVA SUPPORT SYSTEM & IV WORKSTATION

Objective

• Evaluate what kind of tools (support system) the IV crewmember will need 

in order to effectively handle the large amount of information and tasking 

that must contended with while actively directing an EVA

• Assess hardware needs for a workstation, including ways to minimize 

what’s required for operations to reduce space and launch mass

• Look at potential ways to incorporate augmented reality into workstation

Implementation

• Utilized Marvin timeline execution and life support system management 

tool 

• Utilized Playbook Tactical EVA Execution Feature

Evolution of EVA Support System for IV Operator

NEEMO 20 NEEMO 21 NEEMO 22

Key Take-Aways

• An EVA support system for an IV to direct EVA operations will be key for 

Exploration missions

• A system that utilizes a single computer with multiple ways to display 

abundant information would enable to single IV crewmember to direct EV 

ops while incorporating input from an MCC science team

• Augmented Reality systems (such as HoloLens) may hold some promise as 

a possibility, though were not as useful at this maturity level

• Recommend continued evolution of the system to drive out more detailed 

capability needs

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 26
EVA INTEGRATED INFORMATICS – DIGITAL CUE CARDS & TRAVERSE MAPS 

Objective

• Evaluate digital cue cards for EVA crew that allowed crew to 

operate more effectively and autonomously while offloading 

IV tasking

• Assess tool needs (hardware and software) for short distance 

navigation data to support EVA geology/science 

Implementation

• Utilized an iPad in an iDive underwater housing to 

demonstrate the potential for a single device for cue 

cards/procedures, images/video, instrument control, etc.

• All EVA-accessed and required information was put into a 

digital cue card set that was loaded on the iPad

Key Take-Aways

• EVA digital cue cards permit increasing crew autonomy by 

enabling EV crew to efficiently understand exploration areas, 

conduct general site navigation, identify specimens for 

potential sampling, and guide themselves through task 

procedures

• Information layout will need to be modified for different 

display methods, such as a heads-up display or electronic cuff

• Recommend continuing to look at digital cue card capability, 

and refining the types of information included in the data set

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 27
Objective

• Evaluate utilization of a robotic equipment carrier during EVA 

ops

Implementation

• Utilized a Shark Marine ROV with a purpose-built trailer system

• ROV included a video camera for remote use by the IV and MCC

Key Take-Aways

• The ROV was not able to be integrated into the mission due to 

technical and weather (sea state) issues

• Due to challenges with underwater wheeled and steerable ROV 

systems that are tethered, focus robotic work system 

evaluations at terrestrial analogs

EVA NAVIGATION AND EVA-ROBOTIC OPS

Objective

• Evaluate EVA navigation and IV/MCC crew tracking

Implementation

• Utilized the Shark Marine Dive Tablet (Navigator) and Dive Log system 

for relative navigation

Key Take-Aways

• Capability for EVA crew to navigate to a site of interest will be critical

• EVA crew will need a way to mark potential sample sites in order to 

return to them for sampling

• The aquanauts were not able to use the Navigator/Dive Tablet to 

reliably navigate, and ended up depending on digital maps

• Digital maps worked well for the relatively small test area

• For future missions, recommend changing from the current relative 

navigation system and exploring the use of an area scanning system 

(such as a sector sonar as a proxy to radar/LiDAR), and increasing the 

fidelity of the maps

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 28
CORE SAMPLE AQUISITION

 Evaluated EVA tools and

hardware for science core

sample acquisition

 Leveraged breakaway core

bit technology developed by

Honeybee Robotics and

implemented on Mars rovers

to develop a drill bit for an

EVA tool

EVA EQUIPMENT 

TRANSPORTATION

 Tested the Modular

Equipment Transport System

(METS), a concept for

manually transporting &

stowing larger tools and

samples on exploration

traverses

 Evaluated potential concepts

for transporting small tools

on an EVA suite from a

rover/caddy to a worksite

DEVELOPMENT OF EVA SYSTEMS & EQUIPMENT

EVA AUGMENTED VISION 

HEADS-UP DISPLAY

 Based on Navy’s Divers

Augmented Vision Display,

which incorporates real-time

data input and allows for

augmented reality input in a

heads-up display

 EVA Office and astronauts

evaluated lab version topside

for potential incorporation

on future missions and

spacesuit design

ENGINEERING NEEMO 22 EVA EQUIPMENT OVERVIEW

LUNAR EVACUATION 

SYSTEM ASSEMBLY (LESA)

 Evaluated a new crew rescue

concept developed by ESA at

the European Astronaut

Centre

 This technique is aimed to

ease the lifting-up and

securing of an incapacitated

EVA crewmember on a

Moon EVA Litter

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 29
EVA CORE SAMPLE ACQUISITION SYSTEM

Objective

• Evaluate EVA hardware and operations for subsurface (core) science sampling in a 

surface/partial-g environment

Implementation

• Applied a breakaway core bit technology developed by Honeybee Robotics with an 

underwater battery powered drill to acquire core samples

• Used small tools, such as forceps, to stow samples for curation

Key Take-Aways

• Breakaway bit with powered tool worked well for taking core samples

• Concept of stowing directly into curation return tubes worked well

• Small tools, such as forceps, were useful for removing cores or picking up small pieces

• Need to consider the limited down-force that crew is able to put into a sampling operation 

due to lower gravity levels

• Recommend continuing partnership with Honeybee and testing bits in other environments

SEATEST 2 NEEMO 18 NEEMO 19 NEEMO 20 NEEMO 21

Deep Core Drill

Core Sample Acquisition Tool Evolution

NEEMO 22

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 30
MODULAR EQUIPMENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM (METS) & SMALL TOOLS ON SUIT

Objective

• Evaluate transport of large equipment in a mobile carrier

• Evaluate transport of small tools on an EVA spacesuit

Implementation

• The Modular Equipment Transport System (METS) is a method for 

transporting equipment from one location to another, grouping hardware 

into Modules for the appropriate planned activities

• For small tools transport on the spacesuit, crew utilized a forearm 

stowage device and thigh module strapped on after egress

Key Take-Aways

• METS concept of putting tools into modules has the potential to provide 

efficiencies during EVAs

• A wheeled carrier works well, however future concepts may 

consider larger wheels or ways to get over/around obstacles

• Requires close integration for planning to ensure all pieces of 

equipment are accounted for when populating/arranging the 

modules, including what’s needed for contingencies

• Small, lightweight, generic tools could be carried on the forearm, torso, 

and other locations to provide easy access and should be considered for 

partial-g surface operations

• Small tools carried on the suit forearm work well and enabled crew 

easy visibility and access to the tools

• Carrying tools on the thigh (or other areas not easily visible) was 

challenging due to lack of visibility 

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 31
INCAPACITATED EVA CREW RESCUE – LUNAR EVACUATION SYSTEM ASSEMBLY (LESA)

Objective

• Evaluated a new EVA incapacitated crewmember rescue concept developed by ESA at the European Astronaut Centre

Implementation

• Utilized the new concept Lunar Evacuation Systems Assembly (LESA)

• LESA allows an incapacitated crewmember to be lifted up and secured to a Moon EVA 

Litter for transport back to a habitat/rover

Key Take-Aways

• Concept of hoisting an incapacitated EVA crewmember onto a litter for transport back 

to a habitat holds promise

• Need to look into making LESA a smaller and more portable package

• Future suit designs will need to take into account attach points for any rescue and hoist 

device

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 32
EVA AUGMENTED VISION HEADS-UP DISPLAY

Objective

• Evaluate the Navy’s Divers Augmented Vision Display (DAVD), 

which incorporates real-time data input and allows for 

augmented reality input in a heads-up display, for use in an EVA 

spacesuit

Implementation

• EVA Office and astronauts evaluated lab version topside for 

potential incorporation on future missions and spacesuit design

Key Take-Aways

• DAVD provides a capability to Navy divers that would be 

advantageous to EVA astronauts

• There is a promising collaboration between the Navy and NASA 

to develop an augmented heads-up display capability for an 

EVA spacesuit

Post-NEEMO Follow-on Testing Quick-brief

• Manned tests at the Naval Support Activity Panama City (NSA 

PC) Dive School and Navy Experimental Diving Unit (NEDU)

• Navy divers were able to utilize DAVD for navigation, 

identification of objects, and for receiving task instructions realtime

• All of the activities tested translate into operations concepts for 

EVA on Exploration missions

• Identified a use of the full face mask version of the DAVD for 

significantly enhanced ISS EVA training in the NBL

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 33
EVA GAP CLOSURE UPDATES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FROM NEEMO 22

EVA CAPABILITY GAP

Tools for Science Sampling on a Surface EVA –

subsurface samples (core)

Tool Carrier Device on a Surface EVA

Tool Attachment/Harness for Surface EVA

IV Support System for EVA Operations

EVA Graphical Display

Mixed / Augmented Reality Capability

EVA Suit Heads-Up Display

GAP CLOSURE UPDATES

Update with break-away core bit and the 

operations concepts for acquiring core samples

Update with lessons learned from the METS, 

utilizing a modular system, wheel size, and ability 

to get equipment near the worksite

Update with application of forearm modules to 

carry small tools

Update with visibility challenges of thigh modules

Update with results from utilizing a single 

computer driving multiple types of displays 

configurable for various operations

Update with concept of merging a map and highlevel timeline overview into a single reference 

page with links to task details

Formalize a gap to include mixed/augmented 

reality capability, which goes beyond standard 

informatics displays

Formalize a technology gap to include an EVA suit 

heads-up display (needed for augmented reality)

RECOMMENDATIONS

Continue collaboration with Honeybee Robotics 

and development of core bit

Evolve the system to include curation

Evolve the modular system concept

Evaluate alternate concepts for traversing over 

rough terrain

Evolve the forearm module concept and test at 

future NEEMO missions

Develop a more visible and simple thigh module

Iterate configuration and applications to enable 

more efficient operations, and evaluate at a 

future NEEMO mission and SHyRE

Focus on the one-stop page concept and evaluate 

at a future NEEMO mission

Collaborate with DAVD development and test at 

future NEEMO missions

Incorporate capability into SHyRE testing

Collaborate with DAVD development and test at 

future NEEMO missions

Incorporate capability into SHyRE testing

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 34
EVA GAP CLOSURE UPDATES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FROM NEEMO 22

EVA CAPABILITY GAP

Integrated EVA Flight Control Methodology

Tools for Interacting with EVA Over a Comm 

Latency

Flexible Execution Methodology for EVA Science 

Operations in Undefined Environments

EVA Navigation

EVA-Robotic Work System

GAP CLOSURE UPDATES

Update with demonstrated methods for 

integrating MCC and the Science Team

Update with lessons learned from utilizing a 

Playbook-type system

Update the gap to include signal blockage

Update with decision making protocols and how 

decisions are made between a Mission Director, 

EVA Officer, and SCICOM/Science Lead

Gap closure unchanged

Gap closure unchanged

RECOMMENDATIONS

Increase mission tempo/pressure and flight 

control rigor, add spacesuit telemetry, and 

evaluate at future NEEMO missions

Factor in increased signal blockage and test at 

future analogs

Apply more rigor to integrated decisions, add 

spacesuit telemetry/consumables, and evaluate 

at future analogs

Explore utilizing an area scanning system such as 

a sector sonar (proxy to radar/LiDAR) and 

evaluate at future NEEMO missions

Focus robotic work system evaluations at 

terrestrial analogs

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 35
NEEMO 22 IVA

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 36
RAPSAP

DNA Sequencer

INTRA-VEHICULAR ACTIVITIES: OVERVIEW

VETTS

AllTraq

Playbook – Planning, Procedure AR Assisted Procedures

Viewing, and Comm Tool

IHMC & USF Studies:

Sleep

Metabalomics

Body Composition

Psych

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 37
INTRA-VEHICULAR ACTIVITIES: VIRTUAL EXERCISE TRAINER TOOL & SOFTWARE (VETTS)

Purpose: Evaluate whether a real-time instruction and correctional 

feedback for crew members in the absence of real-time Astronaut Strength, 

Conditioning and Rehabilitation Specialist (ASCRS) support during exercise 

can prevent avoidable injuries, and optimize overall muscle strength 

outcomes. 

Implementation: An instructional system was developed using a Microsoft 

Kinect depth-camera device, which provides marker-less 3-D whole-body 

motion (VETTS). 

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 38
INTRA-VEHICULAR ACTIVITIES: PLAYBOOK

Purpose: The NEEMO 22 mission Playbook continued to serve dual goals of supporting the operations

of the NEEMO 22 mission and conducting applied research to improve crew autonomy.

Implementation: Playbook used for mission planning, procedure storage/retrieval, and text based

communication between mission control and crew. Numerous new features were added this year:

acknowledgements in the mission log, ordering the mission log by receive time rather than sent time,

new feature for representing groups, tactical EVA execution tool, and crew/timeline notes. Two

strategies for crew-self planning were tested (Plan Fragments and Functional Activity Groups).

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 39
INTRA-VEHICULAR ACTIVITIES: AUGMENTED REALITY ASSISTED PROCEDURES

Purpose: Evaluate augmented reality assisted procedures on 

the HoloLens to provide advanced guidance and assistance with 

tasks that emulate those performed on the ISS and on future 

deep space missions. These tools are designed to reduce 

reliance on remote support and provide greater crew 

autonomy.

Implementation: Using HoloPD (Holographic Procedure 

Display) the crew performed medical (ultrasound imaging) and 

habitat maintenance tasks.

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 40
INTRA-VEHICULAR ACTIVITIES: MINIATURIZED DNA SEQUENCER

Purpose: Test an increasingly automated, simplified,

and quicker method for implementing a swab-tosample process. Additionally, demonstrate how the

process can be used to systematically characterize the

microbiome of a habitat, thereby establishing an

application of the technology.

Implementation: Conduct swab-to-sample runs by

each crewmember, soliciting their feedback for

improvements applicable to spaceflight. Obtain

additional samples related to understanding the

microbiome of the habitat.

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 41
OUTREACH

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 42
BACKUP

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 43
SUMMARY

 NEEMO provides an operational mission to Integrate Exploration and Science objectives across EISD

• Enabled by the unique skill blend found in EISD

• High “bang for the buck”

• Science component of missions now fully integrated (driven by authentic science)

• Well suited to meet a number of EVA exploration needs 

• Plays a role in enabling and maturing ISS Objectives

• Enables lasting cross-pollination

• Across EISD

• Across Engineering/Ops/Science/Crew Office

• Visible and tangible way to highlight the work in EISD (e.g. national media, social media, events like SpaceCom)

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 44
Leveraging experience and lessons learned from ...

NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations

- Utilizes unique facility & environment; rapid prototyping; Evaluations of both IVA and EVA objectives

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Research and Technology Studies

- Utilizes terrain appropriate for geo-science tasks; Suit and robotic tested-bed

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Apollo Surface Operations

- Exploration traverses were planned in advance using imagery gathered from precursor satellites

- Crews had significant training in geology and science tasks

- An Earth-based science team (ST) supported EVAs (Precursor plans, Feedback during EVA, and changes between EVAs)

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

MER A - Spirit

MER B - Opportunity 

MSL - Curiosity

Other NASA Analog Programs

- Each exploring various aspects of exploration

- Funded though grant programs

- Science focused

ISRU

Mars Robotic Missions

- Remote science operations

- Instrumentation / sample selection 

Science

Science

HERITAGE & BACKGROUND

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 45
WHO: THE UNIQUE CAPABILITY, EXPERIENCE, AND SKILL SETS OF EISD 

XI - ASTROMATERIALS RESEARCH & 

EXPLORATION SCIENCE 

XM - MISSION PLANNING, 

DEVELOPMENT & INTEGRATION

XX - EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY

XT – EXPLORATION TECHNOLOGY

Leverage extensive knowledge 

and experience from ...

HISTORICAL MISSIONS

Apollo Surface Operations

HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT

ISS, Shuttle

ROBOTIC MISSIONS

Mars Missions, OSIRIS-REx

“ANALOG” MISSIONS

D-RATS, NEEMO & others

Unique blend of capability 

and skill sets within ...

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 46
WHERE: ENVIRONMENTS FOR TESTS

AQUATIC TERRESTRIAL LABORATORY

Active Response

Gravity Offload

System (ARGOS) 

Virtual Reality & 

Hybrid Reality

Laboratories

International 

Space Station

Field Training

Areas

Neutral Buoyancy

Laboratory (NBL)

Aquarius Reef 

Base (NEEMO) 

ESA's Neutral 

Buoyancy Facility

Extreme 

Environments

(ex. Antarctica)

Geo-Science 

Field Exercises

& Sites

EXAMPLES EXAMPLES EXAMPLES

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 47
HOW: DESIRED ELEMENTS FOR EVA PARTICIPATION

There are many different types of operational field test activities. EVA is looking for the following qualities when determining 

which rise to the level of fidelity and return to warrant involvement: 

• Responsive to EVA Office input on mission and objective design 

(i.e., objectives mapped to specific needs and capability, knowledge, and technology gaps)

• Provides an understanding of system and architectural interactions between Operations, Engineering, and Science

• Participation of experienced operators (crew and MCC) 

• Participation of acknowledged stakeholders with expertise to evaluate concepts being worked on across the agency (e.g., 

science community (XI)) 

• MCC and Science Team components

• Incorporation of signal latency (time delay) and blockage

• Incorporation of partial gravity

• Availability of large area of un-engineered natural (planetary) surface

• Proxy science with high correlation to planetary science

• Participation of scientists invested in the proxy science outcome

• Inclusion of appropriate purpose-built prototype hardware for evaluation and maturation

• Full “mission” environment to drive out things that wouldn’t be found in standalone testing

• Potential to benefit ISS as well as Exploration

• Enhances relationships with international partners, academia, industry, other government agencies, and other NASA orgs

• Highlights work in Exploration in a visible and tangible way (e.g. national media, social media, events like SpaceCom)

• Intersection of the 4Ts

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 48
MODULAR EQUIPMENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM (METS)

• The Modular Equipment 

Transport System (METS) is a 

method for transporting 

equipment from one location to 

another, using an 

understanding of the planned 

EVA tasks to group hardware 

into Modules.

• Depending on the planned 

activities for an EVA the crew 

would load only those Modules 

necessary to complete those 

activities.

Tool Box Module

Sample Depot

Pre-sampling Module

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 49
SMALL TOOLS MODULES FOR EVA SUIT

Small Tool Module

Small Tool Module

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 50
NEEMO 22 EVA TEAM

EVA Operations

& Integration

David Coan

NEEMO 22 Integrated EVA Team

Core Drilling

Kris Zacny

Grayson Adams

Philip Chu

Mission Management Team

Bill Todd | Project

Marc Reagan | Mission Director

David Coan | EVA Lead

Trevor Graff | Science Lead

Tools & Equipment

Adam Naids

Mary Walker

Drew Hood

EV Support System

Matthew Miller

Cameron Pittman

Nav & Tracking

Jim Garrington

ARB Operations

Roger Garcia

Playbook

Steve Hillenius

Ivy Deliz

Jessica Marquez

Crew Rescue

Herve Stevenin

Andy Mogensen

Crew

Kjell Lindgren

Pedro Duque

Dominic D’Agnostino

Trevor Graff

Hab Techs

Mark ‘Otter’ Hulsbeck

Sean Moore

NEEMO

Topside Support

Dive Team

David Coan

Marc Reagan

Bill Todd

Adam Naids

Herve Stevenin

Andy Mogensen

Dawn Kernagis

Marc O’griofa

Jim Garrington

Karl Shreeves

Jason Poffenberger

Kelsey Young

Josh Cassada

Csilla D’Agnostino

Kristen Todd

ARB Topside

Otto Rutten

Hank Stark

Tom Horn

Tim Gallagher

Marine Science

Mauricio 

Rodriguez-Lanetty

Anthony 

Bellantuono

Katherine Dougan

Dan Merselis

Thinesh 

Thangadurai

Science Tasks

Trevor Graff

Kelsey Young

Liz Rampe

Dan Garrison

Cindy Evans

Lisa Pace

Coral Nursery

Ken Nedimyer

Sci Instruments

Alina Szmant

Rob Whitehead

Aquarius Management

Jim Fourqurean

Tom Potts

Roger Garcia

MCC Flight Control Team

Marc Reagan

David Coan

Herve Stevenin

Andy Mogensen

Andrea Boyd

Josh Cassada

Akihiko Hoshide

Steve Hillenius

Ivy Deliz

Mary Walker

Cameron Pittman

MCC Science Team

Kelsey Young

Liz Rampe

Dan Garrison

Cindy Evans

Lisa Pace

Anthony Bellantuono

Katherine Dougan

Dan Merselis

Thinesh Thangadurai

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 51
EISD – OUR PEOPLE MAKE IT HAPPEN!

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 52
WHO: NEEMO AQUANAUTS

Astronaut-Aquanauts

1. Carpenter 

(SEALAB II, 8/29/65)

2. Gernhardt 

(NEEMO 1&8, 10/22/01)

3. Lopez-Alegria 

(NEEMO 1)

4. D. Williams 

(NEEMO 1&9, 10/22/01)

5. Tani 

(NEEMO 2, 5/14/02)

6. J. Williams 

(NEEMO 3, 7/16/02)

7. S. Kelly 

(NEEMO 4&8, 9/24/02)

8. Walheim 

(NEEMO 4, 9/24/02)

9. Whitson 

(NEEMO 5, 6/17/03)

10. Fincke 

(NEEMO 2, 4/18/04)

11. Herrington 

(NEEMO 6, 7/13/04)

12. Thirsk 

(NEEMO 7, 10/12/04)

13. Coleman 

(NEEMO 7, 10/12/04)

14. Wakata 

(NEEMO 10, 7/23/06)

15. Magnus 

(NEEMO 11, 9/17/06)

16. Patrick 

(NEEMO 6&13, 12/9/06)

17. S. Williams 

(NEEMO 2, 12/9/06)

18. Stefanyshin-Piper 

(NEEMO 12, 5/8/07)

19. Anderson 

(NEEMO 5, 6/8/07)

20. Olivas 

(NEEMO 3&8, 6/8/07)

21. Wheelock 

(NEEMO 6, 10/23/07)

22. Behnken 

(NEEMO 11, 3/11/08)

23. Reisman 

(NEEMO 5, 3/11/08)

24. Chamitoff 

(NEEMO 3, 5/31/08)

25. Garan 

(NEEMO 9, 5/31/08)

26. Nyberg 

(NEEMO 10, 5/31/08)

27. Arnold 

(NEEMO 13, 3/15/09)

28. Barratt 

(NEEMO 7, 3/26/09)

29. Feustel 

(NEEMO 10, 5/11/09)

30. Kopra 

(NEEMO 11, 7/15/09)

31. Hernandez

(NEEMO 12, 8/28/09)

32. Stott 

(NEEMO 9, 8/28/09)

33. Creamer 

(NEEMO 11, 12/20/09)

34. Hadfield 

(NEEMO 14, 5/10/10)

35. Marshburn 

(NEEMO , 5/10/10)

36. Furukawa 

(NEEMO 13, 6/7/11)

37. Walker 

(NEEMO 15, 10/21/11)

38. Metcalf-Lindenburger 

(NEEMO 16, 6/12/12)

39. Acaba 

(NEEMO 17, 9/10/13)

40. Noguchi 

(NEEMO 17, 9/10/13)

41. Hoshide 

(NEEMO 18, 7/22/14)

42. Bresnik 

(NEEMO 19, 9/8/14)

43. Parmitano 

(NEEMO 20, 7/21/15)

44. Yui 

(NEEMO 16, 7/22/15)

45. Mogensen 

(NEEMO 17&19, 9/2/15)

46. Peake 

(NEEMO 16, 12/15/15)

47. Onishi 

(NEEMO 15, 7/7/16)

48. Rubins 

(NEEMO 17, 7/7/16)

49. M. Behnken 

(NEEMO 21, 7/22/16)

50. Wiseman 

(NEEMO 21, 7/22/16)

51. Pesquet 

(NEEMO 18, 11/17/16)

52. Lindgren 

(NEEMO 22, 6/19/17)

53. Duque 

(NEEMO 22, 6/19/17)

54. Vande Hei 

(NEEMO 18, 9/12/17)

Engineer-Scientist Aquanauts

1. W. Todd 

(NEEMO 1, SEATEST I, III, IV; 10/01)

2. M. Reagan 

(NEEMO 2, SEATEST III, IV; 5/02)

3. J. Dory 

(NEEMO 3; 7/02)

4. P. Hill 

(NEEMO 4; 7/02)

5. J. Meir 

(NEEMO 4; 7/02)

6. E. Hwang 

(NEEMO 5; 6/03)

7. T. Ruttley 

(NEEMO 6; 7/04)

8. C. Mckinley 

(NEEMO 7; 10/04)

9. M. Shultz 

(NEEMO 8, 4/05)

10. T. Broderick 

(NEEMO 9&12; 4/06)

11. K. Kohanowich 

(NEEMO 10; 7/06)

12. J. Schmidt 

(NEEMO 12; 5/07)

13. C. Gerty 

(NEEMO 12; /04)

14. A. Abercromby 

(NEEMO 14; 6/10)

15. S. Chappell 

(NEEMO 14; 6/10)

16. S. Squires 

(NEEMO 15&16; 10/11)

17. H. Stevenin 

(NEEMO 15; 7/14)

18. D. Coan 

(NEEMO 20, SEATEST IV; 7/20/15)

19. M. O’groifa 

(NEEMO 21; 7/16)

20. D. Kernagis 

(NEEMO 21; 7/16)

21. D. D’Agnostino 

(NEEMO 22; 6/17)

22. T. Graff 

(NEEMO 22; 6/18/17)

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 53
NEEMO MISSIONS & CREWMEMBERS

NEEMO 1 - 6 Days, Oct. 21-27, 2001 DT/B. Todd, CB/M. Lopez-Alegria, M. Gernhardt*, CSA/D. Williams*

NEEMO 2 - 9 Days, May 13-20, 2002 CB/M. Fincke, D. Tani, S. Williams, DT/M. Reagan

NEEMO 3 - 9 Days, July 15-21, 2002 CB/J. Williams, D. Olivas*, G. Chamitoff, SLSD/J. Dory

NEEMO 4 - 5 Days, Sept. 23-27, 2002 CB/S. Kelly*, R. Walheim, DA8/P. Hill, SLSD/J. Meir

NEEMO 5 - 14 Days, June 16-29, 2003 CB/P. Whitson, C. Anderson, G. Reisman, SLSD/E. Hwang

NEEMO 6 - 10 Days, July 12-21, 2004 CB/J. Herrington, D. Wheelock, N. Patrick*, EB/T. Ruttley

NEEMO 7 - 11 Days, Oct. 11-21, 2004 CSA/B. Thirsk, C. Coleman, M. Barratt, CMAS/C. Mckinley, M.D.

NEEMO 8 - 3 Days, April 20-22, 2005 CB/M. Gernhardt*, S. Kelly*, D. Olivas*, M. Schultz

NEEMO 9 – 18 days, April 3-20, 2006 CSA/D. Williams*, CB/N. Stott, R. Garan, TATRC/T. Broderick*, M.D.

NEEMO 10 – 7 days, July 22-28, 2006 JAXA/K. Wakata, CB/D. Feustel, K. Nyberg, NOAA/K. Kohanowich

NEEMO 11 – 7 days, Sep. 16-22, 2006 CB/S. Magnus, T. Kopra, B. Behnken, T.J. Creamer

NEEMO 12 – 12 days, May 7-18, 2007 CB/H. Piper, J. Hernandez, SD/J. Schmidt, TATRC/T. Broderick*, M.D.

NEEMO 13 – 10 days, Aug. 6-15, 2007 CB/N. Patrick*, R. Arnold, JAXA/S. Furukawa, Cx/C. Gerty

NEEMO 14 – 12 days, May 10-23,2010 CSA/C. Hadfield, CB/T. Marshburn, EAMD/A. Abercromby, S. Chappell

NEEMO 15 – 7 days, Oct. 20-26, 2011 CB/S. Walker, JAXA/T. Onishi, CSA/D. Saint-Jacques, NAC/ S. Squyres* 

NEEMO 16 – 12 days, Jun 11-22, 2012 CB/D. Metcalf- Lindenburger, JAXA/K. Yui, ESA/T. Peake, NAC/S. Squyres*

NEEMO 17 – 7 days, Sept. 9-13, 2013 CB/J. Acaba, K. Rubins, JAXA/S. Noguchi, ESA/A. Mogensen*

NEEMO 18 – 9 days, July 21-29, 2014 JAXA/A. Hoshide, CB/M. Vande Hei, Jeanette Epps, ESA/Thomas Pesquet

NEEMO 19 – 7 days, Sept. 7-13, 2014 CB/R. Bresnik, ESA/A. Mogensen*, CSA/J. Hansen, ESA/ H. Stevenin

NEEMO 20 – 14 days, Jul 20 – Aug 2, 2015 ESA/L. Parmitano, CB/S. Aunon, JAXA/N. Kanai, XX/D. Coan

NEEMO 21 – 16 days (split), Jul 21-Aug 5, 2016 CB/R. Wiseman, M. McArthur, ESA/M. Maurer, IHMC/D. Kernagis, NMT/Marc O Griofa, NPS/N. du Toit

NEEMO 22 – 10 days, Jun 18-27, 2017 CB/K. Lindgren, ESA/P. Duque, NASA/T. Graff, IHMC/D. D’Agnostino

72 Crewmembers: 

54 Astronauts (16 IP Astronauts)

18 Scientists, Instructors, MDs or Engineers

Key

* Repeater

Blue – CDR upgrade

Green – IP

RED – Rookie

Gray – non-Astro Engineer or Scientist

EVA-EXP-0054 This document does not contain any export control information (#20205009470) 54