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## Introduction to the Clinical Decision Support (CDS) Concept of Operations (ConOps) and Candidate Requirements

***Credit: NASA***

### What are the CDS ConOps and Candidate Requirements?

ExMC’s Clinical Decision Support (CDS) Concept of Operations (ConOps) and Candidate Requirements is a set of information for a deep-space exploration mission where astronauts may have to provide Earth-independent medical care to a crewmember. CDS is a software tool that acts as an assistant to diagnose, treat, and prevent medical conditions.  A spaceflight CDS system must provide real-time, on-board support to enable increased crew independence for managing anticipated and unanticipated medical conditions. In addition, a CDS system will increase Earth-independence by increasing the crew’s ability to appropriately respond to medical events.  The intent of the ConOps and candidate requirements are to provide a starting point for missions with similar constraints that may be customized to suit a particular mission needing a CDS system.

### How do I view the CDS ConOps and Candidate Requirements?

To access the CDS model, click on the link below. Some content (such as tables) may take a few seconds to load because of the amount of information being displayed.

#### Exploration Medical Capability Clinical Decision Support

## What resources can guide me through this model?

				View Video Playlist                			

### Clinical Decision Support: Overview

This video provides a high-level overview of the purpose of the content in the CDS model.

View Video

### Clinical Decision Support: Concept of Operations

This video provides an overview of the Concept of Operations in the CDS model.

View Video

### Clinical Decision Support: Requirements

This video explains how to navigate requirements in the Clinical Decision Support model. It also explains how we derived this content.

View Video

Below are descriptions of terms that may help you understand content in the Clinical Decision Support Model:
      - Concept of Operations (ConOps): The vision for the system, including needs, goals, and objectives, as well as some representative scenarios that show how the system is intended to function.
      - System Model with Requirements and Traces: A model that contains the functional requirements for that medical system, and the traces of those requirements to higher-level system or vehicle requirements and to NASA standards (such as NASA Standards 3001). NASA Standard 3001 Vol. 1 Rev. A and Vol. 2 Rev. B were the versions of these documents used to define higher-level requirements.

### What was the process for generating the content in the CDS model?

Our systems engineering team followed integration approaches that are documented in the NASA Systems Engineering Handbook, NASA Systems Engineering Processes and Requirements, and the Human Systems Integration Practitioner’s Guide. We work directly with subject matter experts, such as health care providers, to generate the content. All content was reviewed and approved by our ExMC Control Board.

Our systems engineering team has authored several papers and given several presentations outlining our approach:
      - Systems Engineering for Space Exploration Medical Capabilities .  	(Mindock, J., et. al. 2017, in  AIAA SPACE and Astronautics Forum and Exposition. )
      - Using a Model-Based Systems Engineering Approach for Exploration Medical System Development   (Hanson, A., et al., 2017, in  68th   International Astronautical Congress ) 
      - A model-based systems engineering approach to exploration medical system development .  	(Hanson, A., et al. 2019, in  2019 IEEE Aerospace Conference. )
      - Enabling space exploration medical system development using a tool ecosystem .  	(Amador, J. R., et al. 2020, in  2020 IEEE Aerospace Conference .)
      - Presenting Model-Based Systems Engineering Information to Non-Modelers .  	(Cohen, J. R., et al. 2021, in  2021 IEEE Aerospace Conference. )
      - Using MBSE on a working project .  	(McGuire, K. & Cohen, J., 2020, NASA Engineering and Safety Center Academy Lecture Series.)
      - A Model-Based Systems Engineering Journey to Developing a Concept of Operations (ConOps)   (Cohen, J., et al. 2022, in  2022 IEEE Aerospace Conference.)

For questions, please contact Dr. Ben Easter at benjamin.easter@nasa.gov.

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## Learn More About HRP's Elements

Human Factors and Behavioral Performance

Human Health Countermeasures

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Research Operations & Integration

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## Human Research Program

Science dedicated to protecting the health and performance of astronauts in space.