#### THOMAS J. ARNOLD, PLAINTIFF-RESPONDENT, v. HAMILTON INVESTMENT CO., INC., AND ISIDORE MARGOLIS, DEFENDANTS-APPELLANTS.

Argued May 2, 1944

Decided July 1, 1944.

Before Justices Parker, Heiier and Colie.

Eor the appellants, *Isidore Margolis, pro se;*for Hamilton Investment Co., Inc., *Aaron Heller.*

For the respondent, *A. Leon Kolüreiter (Archibald Kreiger,*of counsel).

The opinion of the court was delivered

Colie, J.

Plaintiff, Thomas J. Arnold, brought suit, alleging the purchase of a judgment against one Smith and' others in the amount of $2,923.60 and costs; that the purchase was made through his then lawyer; that he paid the consideration of $500 but “the defendants jointly and severally and in furtherance of a conspiracy entered between them to deprive the plaintiff of title to said judgment, caused the same to be put in the name of the defendant Hamilton Investment Co., Inc., and by virtue thereof deprived the plaintiff of his right to control and collect the proceeds therefrom.” The state of demand alleged a demand upon defendants for the return of the instrument and a refusal, and sought damages in the *11amotmt of $500, the plaintiff waiving the excess above that amount. The state of case certified by the judge of the District Court, who entered judgment in favor of the plaintiff for $429.80, discloses that the two defendants occupied a general office with one Rosenthal, who was the attorney for Hamilton Investment Co., Inc., and Margolis, and also the attorney for Arnold in connection with the purchase of the judgment; that one Cohn sold the judgment to Rosenthal and delivered to him an assignment in blank and that the name, Hamilton Investment Go., Inc., was subsequently inserted in the body of the assignment. The plaintiff, Arnold, testified that he gave Rosenthal $500 to purchase the judgment and that thereafter he saw the assignment in blank in the hands of Rosenthal, and that he never authorized Rosenthal to assign the judgment to Margolis or Hamilton Investment Co., Inc., and that his demand that the assignment be returned to him was refused by Margolis. One Mainardi, a lawyer, testified that he talked with Rosenthal and Margolis about returning the judgment to Arnold and that Margolis told him that the judgment was the property of Arnold but that he, Margolis, would not release it except upon payment of $25, later raised to $100. Mainardi, acting for Arnold, agreed to this proposition but Margolis later refused to carry out the agreement. Neither the defendant Margolis nor any of the officers of Hamilton Investment Co., Inc., took the stand. The court below found as a fact that through the maneuvers and manipulations of the defendant with Rosenthal, the assignment was put in the name of Hamilton Investment Co., Inc., without payment by either of the defendants of any consideration, and he therefore entered judgment for the plaintiff.

It is argued that the state of demand did not set forth a cause of action. While it is inartistically drawn, yet, under the liberal rules of pleading in the District Court, it stated a cause of action in conversion. *De Jianne*v. *Citizens Protective Association,*79 *N. J. L.*107. Next it is urged that the subject-matter of the suit was controlled by a pending action in the Court of Chancery. Assuming, for the sake of argument, that to be a valid reason for reversal, it does not *12help appellant because there was no evidence introduced as to the issues involved in the Chancery suit. Appellant offered in evidence a photostatic copy of a bill of complaint in the Court of Chancery, which offer the court property refused since it was not the proper method of proof. The files in the Chancery suit could have been had by proper service of a *subpoena duces tecum.*The last point urged is that the plaintiff failed to prove any damages. In *Ward*v. *Huff,*94 *Id.*81, it was settled that the measure of damages in an action for conversion is the market value of the goods át the time of conversion, with interest from the date of conversion. There was no attempt to show the market value of the judgment on the date when it was converted. However, the judgment was for $2,923.60 and the rule is that in an action for conversion of a written evidence of debt or legal dooument, the measure of damages is the value of the property converted. Where the instrument is one for the payment of money, its face value is *prima facie*its actual value. However, the defendant in such an action is liable only for its actual value, if, in fact, that be less than the face value. 26 *R. C. L., tit. "Trover,”*§65. In the instant case, there was no proof of value, other than the presumption that it was *prima facie*worth its face value.

The judgment under appeal is affirmed, with costs.