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          Human Nutrition and Food Safety
          Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)

  Antimicrobial resistance occurs when bacteria, fungi and other germs become too strong to be treated by antibiotics and continue to grow.
On this page, find links to reports, publications, journal article citations and more that focus on antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and alternatives to antibiotics (ATA) activities including surveillance, research and development, education, extension and outreach. These activities help determine patterns of antibiotic use in food-producing animals; monitor antibiotic drug susceptibilities in food, animals, meat, poultry; and develop mitigations to reduce AMR-associated risks.
  Featured Resources
    
    Research Projects: Antimicrobial Resistance
    
    The Food Safety Research Projects Database (RPD) contains information about research projects related to the study of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR).

    Browse Projects
      
              Research Publications (Food Safety): Antibiotic Residues
    
    The Food Safety Research Publications resource contains links to recent peer-reviewed scientific articles.

    View Current Articles
      
              AMR and ATA Research at the USDA Agricultural Research Service
    
    USDA ARS scientists conduct research to promote the resilience of agriculture to AMR.

    Learn about ARS Research

  Meet the Experts
        
                  USDA-ARS Scientists Present Overviews of their Research
    
    **Cold Plasma as a Novel Antimicrobial Intervention** (Introductory Video)
Investigator: Brendan Niemira, PhD
Date: 2018
View full-length video of Dr. Niemira speaking about cold plasma as a novel antimicrobial intervention [youtube.com]
      
              **How Does Salmonella become Antibiotic Resistant?**(Introductory video)
Investigator: Jonathan Frye, PhD
Date: 2019
View full-length video of Dr. Frye discussing how does salmonella become antibiotic resistant? [youtube.com]


  Antimicrobial Resistance Presentations
        
                  Selected Presentations by USDA Scientists at ARS-FSIS Annual Meetings
    
    **ARS -FSIS 2019 Food Safety Meeting, Morgantown, WV**
Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Beef and Pork Production [PDF, 64 pages]. John Schmidt, Tommy Wheeler, and Terry Arthur
Antimicrobial packaging to improving the safety, shelf life and waste reduction of various types of food [PDF, 31 pages]. Tony Jin**ARS -FSIS 2018 Food Safety Meeting**
Analysis of antibiotic associated changes in turkey intestinal microbiota, and studies of Campylobacter growth [PDF, 30 pages]. Torey Looft
Testing AMR Finder with NARMS Isolates [PDF, 30 pages].  Michael Feldgarden
Phenotype ‐ genotype correlation of Salmonella enterica to identify markers associated with colonization/invasion in chickens, and antibiotic resistances in the poultry production environment [PDF, 30 pages]. Jean Guard
Analysis of virulence and antibiotic resistance mechanisms of Salmonella and development of intervention strategies [PDF, 50 pages]. Shawn Bearson
Update on Antimicrobial Resistance in Beef Production. John Schmidt**ARS -FSIS 2017 Meeting**
The Kitchen Sink: Detecting and Monitoring Antibiotic Resistance Genes: ATAs and Limiting Foodborne Pathogen Carriage [PDF, 32 pages]. Heather Allen.
Antibiotic Alternatives for Controlling Foodborne Pathogens and Disease in Poultry [PDF, 55 pages]. Abdi Upadhyay, Ann Donoghue, and Narayan Rath


  Selected External Resources on AMR
    
    USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS)Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and Alternatives to Antibiotics (ATA) [ars.usda.gov]Centers for Disease Control (CDC)About Antimicrobial Resistance [cdc.gov]
National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) [cdc.gov]Food and Drug Administration (FDA)Antimicrobial Resistance Guidances [fda.gov]
The Judicious Use of Medically Important Antimicrobial Drugs in Food-Producing Animals [fda.gov]World Health Organization (WHO)Publications from the World Health Organization on antimicrobial resistance [who.int]Page Content Curated By
    

      Food Safety Research Information Office (FSRIO)
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