# Patent

## Title
Customizable animations for text messages

## Abstract

A method and system for transforming simple user input into customizable animated images for use in text-messaging applications.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims the benefit of and is a non-provisional application of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/031,752, filed Jul. 31, 2014, which application is incorporated herein in its entirety by this reference, for all purposes.


FIELD
This disclosure is directed to the field of communication software, particularly text-messaging applications on mobile devices.
BACKGROUND
Text messaging is a method of communicating short messages between various types of devices. Text messages are transmitted over the Short Message Service (SMS) and Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) protocols. Messages sent via SMS are limited to 160 characters in length. MMS messages may contain longer strings of text, as well as photo, audio, or video data. Messages sent over both protocols are commonly referred to as “text messages” or “texts.”
Because SMS messages are limited to 160 characters in length, users have developed shorthand conventions for expressing common sentiments in such messages, such as “LOL” (“laughing out loud”), “ROFL” (“rolling on the floor laughing”), “BRB” (“be right back”), “NP” (“no problem”), and many others. Although MMS messages do not share the same length limitation, such messages typically are similarly brief due to a variety of factors, including user convention, device interface considerations, historical technological limitations, and bandwidth concerns. Thus, these shorthand conventions are common in text messages sent both by SMS and by MMS.
Some of these common abbreviations are known as emoticons. Emoticons use text characters to depict certain emotions, usually as representations of facial expressions. For example, probably the most common emoticon is a “smiley face,” typically drawn as two or three characters: “:)” or “:-)”. Other common emoticons include “;)” (a wink), “:D” (an extra-large or open-mouthed smile), and “:P” (tongue sticking out). Emoticons allow text users to express complex emotions using very few characters, conserving available space in text messages and reducing typing requirements.
Another type of symbol used in text messages is known as an emoji. Emojis are essentially pictographic versions of emoticons or other symbols. In order to use an emoji, a user may type a specific character sequence indicating to his text-messaging software that he wishes to send an associated emoji image, though some text-messaging software also allows users to directly select the desired image rather than typing in a character sequence. The text-messaging software then replaces the specified character sequence with the appropriate image and sends it to the intended recipient. Some such emojis are static images, while others may be animated. The Unicode Standard character set adopted several hundred emojis in version 6.0, and added approximately 250 more in the latest version, 7.0. The current Unicode Standard may be found at http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode7.0.0/ (last visited Jul. 29, 2014), and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
One drawback to emojis, however, is that the images used are drawn from fixed sets of images built in to the users' text-messaging software. Users are thus unable to customize the images they send to express any sentiment beyond those already provided with their software. Moreover, the set of animated emojis may be particularly limited compared to the various thoughts that a user may wish to express with an animated image in a text message, and the animations are typically limited to in-place images that cannot move in relation to the surrounding characters.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a network and device diagram illustrating exemplary computing devices configured according to embodiments disclosed in this paper.
FIG. 2 illustrates several components of an exemplary computing device capable of sending and receiving text messages in accordance with the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 illustrates an animation routine which converts user input into a desired animation.
FIG. 4 illustrates an animation subroutine, showing sample user input and the corresponding generated output frames.
FIG. 5 illustrates an animation subroutine, utilizing an alternate syntax to provide additional functionality.
FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary user interface of a computing device for sending a message in accordance with the present disclosure.
FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary user interface of a computing device after receiving a message prepared and sent in accordance with the present disclosure.



DESCRIPTION
The presently disclosed method and system presents a simple mechanism for allowing users to use, combine, and animate any arbitrary sequence of characters or images to be sent in a text message. An exemplary embodiment is described in which an emoji coding language (ECL) is used to allow a user to specify various properties, such as sequencing, spacing, and images or character sequences that he wishes to animate. The embodiment then processes the user's ECL input, converts it to a format that typical text-messaging software can render, and sends the message. The recipient then sees the sender's intended animation, regardless of the text-messaging software on the recipient's device and even if the message includes images not otherwise present on the recipient's device.
The phrases “in one embodiment,” “in various embodiments,” “in some embodiments,” and the like are used repeatedly. Such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. The terms “comprising,” “having,” and “including” are synonymous, unless the context dictates otherwise.
Reference is now made in detail to the description of the embodiments as illustrated in the drawings. While embodiments are described in connection with the drawings and related descriptions, there is no intent to limit the scope to the embodiments disclosed herein. On the contrary, the intent is to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents. In alternate embodiments, additional methods, or combinations of illustrated methods, may be added to or combined without limiting the scope to the embodiments disclosed herein.
FIG. 1 depicts a communications system 100 such as those operated by mobile-phone carriers. Sender devices 200 such as tablet 200A, cell phone 200B, and personal computer 200C connect to network 105 in order to exchange information, including text messages, with other users using receiving devices such as tablet 110A, cell phone 110B, and personal computer 110C. Network 105 could be a private network such as those operated by mobile telephony operators, or a public network such as the Internet. Network 105 could also comprise combinations of various public and private networks.
FIG. 2 depicts several components of an exemplary computing device 200 capable of sending and receiving text messages in accordance with the present disclosure. In various embodiments, computing device 200 may be a mobile phone, tablet, desktop PC, laptop, server, workstation, set-top box, appliance, or other computing device that is capable of performing operations such as those described herein. In some embodiments, computing device 200 may include many more components than those shown in FIG. 2. However, it is not necessary that all of these generally conventional components be shown in order to disclose an illustrative embodiment.
Computing device 200 includes a bus 225 interconnecting several components including a network interface 205, a central processing unit 210, an optional display 215, and a memory 220.
Memory 220 generally comprises a random-access memory and permanent non-transitory mass storage device, such as a hard disk drive or solid-state drive. Memory 220 stores program code for an operating system 230 and an exemplary messaging application 235 (“App”). The App comprises program code for animation routine 300 (see FIG. 3). These and other software components may be loaded into memory 220 using a drive mechanism (not shown) associated with a non-transitory computer-readable medium 240, such as a floppy disk, tape, DVD/CD-ROM drive, memory card, or the like.
FIG. 3 shows animation routine 300, by which the App converts user input into the desired animation. The App first receives the user's input, possibly including ECL code, in box 305. In box 310, the App processes the user input, as described by animation subroutines 400 and 500, in order to generate the series of images for animation (“output frames”) that the user requested. The App combines the generated output frames into an animated GIF file in box 315, and then outputs the animated GIF in box 320. Animation routine 300 then ends in block 399.
Targets for the output operation of box 320 could include a display on the user's device (e.g., to allow for review before sending), a communications network that can deliver the message to the intended recipient, as with communications network 105, or any other target that may prove useful. If the output target is a communications network such as network 105, the animation may be sent as an attachment to an MMS message. By sending the message as an animated GIF attached to an MMS message, any text-messaging program used by the recipient should be able to render the animation, regardless of the type of device (e.g., tablet, cell phone, PC), platform (e.g., iOS or Android), or particular text-messaging software used by the recipient. Techniques for combining several image frames into an animated GIF and for sending an animated GIF as an MMS attachment are well known to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 4 depicts animation subroutine 400, showing sample user input and the corresponding generated output frames. Block 405 depicts an input sequence of characters and images, consisting of the word “Hey!” followed by a space, an open parenthesis, emoji images 425, 430, and 435, and a close parenthesis. In block 405, subroutine 400 parses this input and decodes the animation commands that the user has included in the text. Subroutine 400 recognizes the parentheses as indicating a sequence of characters or images that the user wishes to animate. Subroutine 400 then generates a sequence of three output frames as shown in boxes 410, 415, and 420. Each output frame contains the text “Hey!” followed by a space and one of the three designated emoji images, in the order in which the user entered them. In box 499, subroutine 400 returns to animation routine 300, where generated output frames 410, 415, and 420 are combined and output in boxes 315 and 320, as described above.
The sequence of characters and images processed in subroutine 400 employs a simple syntax in which each character or image placed between matched pairs of parentheses corresponds to a single output frame. Thus, because block 405 contains three emoji images (and no spaces) between the parentheses, the App generates three sequential output frames 410, 415, and 420 in order to produce the resulting animation.
The user may, however, wish to create an animation wherein the selected characters or images move within the resulting output frames. The simple syntax shown in block 405 would not allow for this, because subroutine 400 would transform any additional spacing characters into their own distinct output frames.
FIG. 5 shows animation subroutine 500, utilizing an alternate syntax employed by the App in order to provide this additional functionality. Block 505 depicts a sequence of characters and images consisting of the word “Hey!” followed by a space, a left curly brace, three matched pairs of square brackets containing distinct sequences of characters and emoji images, and then a right curly brace. When subroutine 500 encounters a matched pair of curly braces containing one or more matched pairs of square brackets, it interprets the contents of each matched pair of square brackets as corresponding to a single desired output frame. Subroutine 500 thus interprets the sequence of characters and images shown in block 505 as a request to generate three distinct output frames corresponding to the contents of each matched pair of square brackets, respectively. Thus, by using spaces as shown in block 505, the sender can create an animation that appears to move laterally within the resulting output frames, as shown in boxes 510, 515, and 520. Subroutine 500 returns to animation routine 300 at box 599.
The parentheses shown in box 405 operate simply as a shorthand notation for the more complete syntax used in box 505. In order to allow the user to specify simple animations with a minimum of required keystrokes, the App interprets parentheses as shown in box 405 (i.e., not contained within a matched pair of curly braces) as equivalent to the syntax shown in box 505, wherein each character within the parentheses in box 405 is used to generate a single output frame. Thus, the input shown in box 405, “Hey! ()” is functionally equivalent to the input “Hey! {[][][]}” but requires fewer keystrokes to enter.
FIG. 6 depicts an exemplary user interface for sending a message in accordance with the present disclosure. Sender Alice opens the above-described App on her mobile phone 605. In selection field 610, Alice specifies that she wishes to send a message to recipient Bob. In input field 615, Alice enters the message she wishes to animate and send, including text characters and emoji images 425, 430, and 435. Alice then selects button 620, indicating that she wishes to animate the message according to animation routine 300 and then send it to Bob.
After Alice's message is processed and sent, Bob receives it as shown in FIG. 7. Bob's mobile phone 705 indicates that it has received an MMS message 710 from Alice. The MMS message includes an attachment consisting of a three-frame animated GIF. In accordance with the normal operation of text-messaging software, the animated GIF is displayed in-line in Bob's interface, showing each frame in sequence. Thus, Bob sees the word “Hey!” followed by a space and then image 715. Image 715 initially consists of emoji 425. As Bob's text-messaging software renders subsequent frames of the animated GIF, image 715 appears to change into emoji 430, and then emoji 435. Bob thus sees the animation as specified by Alice. Because the message is transmitted in a standardized format, namely an animated GIF attached to an MMS message, Bob sees the animation as intended by Alice even if he has a different type of phone, different text-messaging software, or a different network carrier than her.
Many variations in the above-described details of the App, or features not included in the App, are possible while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure. Some examples include, without limitation:
Syntax
Additional syntax could prove useful for certain types of desired animations. For example, if the sender wished to animate an emoticon, he may wish to include parentheses as part of the animation. For example, the sequence “(^_^)”→“(^_-)” (i.e., a wink) might be an animation a user would wish to send. Because the above-described App interprets parentheses as special characters, however, this type of animation would not be possible. The inclusion of “escape characters,” however, such as a backslash or tick mark, could allow a sender to specify, for example, that he wants the character immediately before or after the escape character to be interpreted as part of the message itself and not as part of an animation command. Thus, using a backslash as an escape character, the sender could enter the text string “Hey! {[\(^_^\)][\(^_-\)]}” to achieve the desired message, including an animated emoticon containing parentheses. The use of escape characters in this way is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Syntax additions could also provide further capabilities, such as specifying animation parameters (e.g., time delay between output frames) on a per-message basis. Additional syntax may also be useful for incorporating additional types of animations, as described below, and other uses. The designation and use of specific syntax to enable this type of functionality is well known to those skilled in the art.
Animation Types
Beyond the types of animations described above, further animation capabilities may be desirable. For example, users may wish to incorporate rotation or horizontal or vertical flipping of characters or images into their animations. By specifying certain characters to indicate these commands (e.g., the character “^” could be interpreted as a command to vertically flip the next character or image in subsequent output frames), other embodiments could easily incorporate these types of features. Other uses for such additional commands could include, e.g., specifying different colors or altering the size of the animated characters or images.
Other embodiments could also implement logic to smoothen the output animation by interpolating between the sender-specified (“source”) output frames, automatically generating additional output frames, and inserting the additional output frames between the source output frames as appropriate. Techniques for interpolating between two images are well-known to those skilled in the art.
Animation Parameters
Users may wish to have control over certain parameters governing the animations generated from their input. For example, one sender may want a delay of one second between each output frame, whereas another sender may want a delay of five seconds. Or a sender may wish to generate an animation that replays the output frames once forward and then once backward. Or, if an embodiment includes interpolation capability as described above, certain additional parameters may be associated with that functionality, such as the granularity of the interpolation (i.e., how many interpolated frames to generate for each pair of adjacent source output frames). The present disclosure is intended to encompass all embodiments with such additional features.
Messaging Protocols
Although the messages described in the exemplary embodiments are text messages transmitted via the MMS protocol with animated GIF attachments, the present disclosure is not limited to those technologies. Instead, the scope of the disclosure is intended to include any messaging technology, whether or not currently existing, in which a coding language similar to the presently disclosed ECL could prove useful in allowing senders to create flexible animations out of arbitrary sequences of characters and images. For example, various embodiments could operate in conjunction with instant-messaging software such as Skype, manufactured by Microsoft Corporation of Redmond, Wash., Google+ Hangouts, manufactured by Google, Inc., of Mountain View, Calif., and others, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
Application and System Features
Certain embodiments may provide additional application- or system-level features or options. For example, one potential embodiment could show the user the generated animation prior to sending the message, in order to allow for any necessary corrections. In another embodiment, there may be no user-level application at all; instead, animation routine 300 could be implemented as a software module that interacts with third-party text-messaging applications, so that the user can use a text-messaging application of his choice but still enjoy the benefits of the presently disclosed method and system. Animation routine 300 could even be implemented by a network operator at the network level, so that senders could create and send custom animations according to the present disclosure without needing to install any special software on their devices at all. All such embodiments are within the intended scope of the present disclosure.

## Claims

1. A method of animation comprising:
receiving an input sequence, which input sequence comprises a coding language sequence comprising at least one command in a set of commands;
converting the input sequence into a message in a format that can be rendered by a text messaging software according to the at least one command; and
transmitting the message to a recipient, wherein the coding language sequence comprises a syntax, wherein the syntax comprises a first and second pair of special command characters, wherein a sub-group comprising an emoji, an emoticon, or a character string is designated as the sub-group by being placed within the second pair of special command characters, wherein a master group comprising the sub-group is designated as the master group by placing the sub-group within the first pair of special command characters, and wherein the sub-group without the second pair of special command characters is output as an image frame.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the syntax comprises a third pair of special command characters, wherein each separate emoji, emoticon, or each separate character placed within the third pair of special command characters is output as a separate image frame.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the first pair of special command characters is a pair of curly braces, the second pair of special command characters is a pair of square brackets, and the third pair of special command characters is a pair of parenthesis.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the input sequence comprises a character string not within the first, second, or third pair of special command characters, wherein the coding language sequence comprises a first and a second sub-group within the master group, wherein the character string and the first sub-group are output as a first image frame, wherein the character string and the second sub-group are output as a second image frame, and wherein the first and second image frames are combined into an animated GIF.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the input sequence comprises a character string not within the first, second, or third pair of special command characters, wherein the coding language sequence comprises, within the master group, a first sub-group comprising a first emoji and a second sub-group comprising a space character and a second emoji, wherein the character string and the first sub-group are output as a first image frame, wherein the character string and the second sub-group is output as a second image frame, and wherein the first and second image frames are combined into an animated GIF, which, when rendered, animates the frames such that the first emoji appears to move and to change into the second emoji.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the input sequence comprises a character string not within the first, second, or third pair of special command characters, wherein the coding language sequence comprises the third pair of special command characters and a first emoji and a second emoji within the third pair of special command characters, wherein the character string and the first emoji are output as a first image frame, wherein the character string and the second emoji are output as a second image frame, and wherein the first and second image frames are combined into an animated GIF.

7. The method according to claim 2, wherein the syntax further comprises an escape character, wherein the escape character causes the character immediately before or after the escape character to be interpreted as a conventional character and not as a command in the coding language sequence.

8. The method according to claim 2, wherein the syntax further comprises a command to specify a time delay between output frames on a per-message basis.

9. The method according to claim 2, wherein the syntax further comprises a command to rotate, horizontally flip, or vertically flip an image frame.

10. The method according to claim 2, wherein the syntax further comprises a command to set a color or size of a component of an image frame.

11. The method according to claim 2, wherein the syntax further comprises a command to interpolate between the image frames.

12. The method according to claim 2, wherein the syntax further comprises a command to play the GIF forward then backward.