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[Congressional Bills 110th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 1593 Introduced in House (IH)]

110th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 1593

  To reauthorize the grant program for reentry of offenders into the 
community in the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, to 
  improve reentry planning and implementation, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             March 20, 2007

Mr. Davis of Illinois (for himself, Mr. Cannon, Mr. Conyers, Mr. Coble, 
  Mr. Scott of Virginia, Mr. Smith of Texas, Mrs. Jones of Ohio, Mr. 
 Forbes, Mr. Schiff, Mr. Sensenbrenner, Mr. Chabot, Ms. Jackson-Lee of 
Texas, Mr. Cummings, Mr. Johnson of Georgia, and Ms. Clarke) introduced 
    the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the 
                               Judiciary

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
  To reauthorize the grant program for reentry of offenders into the 
community in the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, to 
  improve reentry planning and implementation, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Second Chance Act of 2007: Community 
Safety Through Recidivism Prevention'' or the ``Second Chance Act of 
2007''.

SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Table of contents.
Sec. 3. Findings.
Sec. 4. Submission of reports to Congress.
   TITLE I--AMENDMENTS RELATED TO THE OMNIBUS CRIME CONTROL AND SAFE 
                          STREETS ACT OF 1968

             Subtitle A--Improvements to Existing Programs

Sec. 101. Reauthorization of adult and juvenile offender State and 
                            local reentry demonstration projects.
Sec. 102. Improvement of the residential substance abuse treatment for 
                            State offenders program.
  Subtitle B--New and Innovative Programs to Improve Offender Reentry 
                                Services

Sec. 111. State and local reentry courts.
Sec. 112. Grants for comprehensive and continuous offender reentry task 
                            forces.
Sec. 113. Prosecution drug treatment alternative to prison programs.
Sec. 114. Grants for family substance abuse treatment alternatives to 
                            incarceration.
Sec. 115. Prison-based family treatment programs for incarcerated 
                            parents of minor children.
Sec. 116. Grant programs relating to educational methods at prisons, 
                            jails, and juvenile facilities.
                   Subtitle C--Conforming Amendments

Sec. 121. Use of violent offender truth-in-sentencing grant funding for 
                            demonstration project activities.
     TITLE II--ENHANCED DRUG TREATMENT AND MENTORING GRANT PROGRAMS

                       Subtitle A--Drug Treatment

Sec. 201. Grants for demonstration programs to reduce drug use and 
                            recidivism in long-term substance abusers.
Sec. 202. Grants for demonstration programs by local partnerships to 
                            reduce illegal drug demand by providing 
                            drug treatment.
Sec. 203. Offender drug treatment incentive grants.
Sec. 204. Ensuring availability and delivery of new pharmacological 
                            drug treatment services.
Sec. 205. Study of effectiveness of depot naltrexone for heroin 
                            addiction.
                        Subtitle B--Job Training

Sec. 211. Technology careers training demonstration grants.
                         Subtitle C--Mentoring

Sec. 221. Mentoring grants to nonprofit organizations.
Sec. 222. Bureau of Prisons policy on mentoring contacts.
             Subtitle D--Administration of Justice Reforms

             Chapter 1--Improving Federal Offender Reentry

Sec. 231. Federal prisoner reentry program.
Sec. 232. Identification and release assistance for Federal prisoners.
Sec. 233. Improved reentry procedures for Federal prisoners.
Sec. 234. Duties of the Bureau of Prisons.
Sec. 235. Authorization of appropriations for Bureau of Prisons.
Sec. 236. Encouragement of employment of former prisoners.
Sec. 237. Elderly nonviolent offender pilot program.
                      Chapter 2--Reentry Research

Sec. 241. Offender reentry research.
Sec. 242. Grants to study parole or post-incarceration supervision 
                            violations and revocations.
Sec. 243. Addressing the needs of children of incarcerated parents.
            Chapter 3--Correctional Reforms to Existing Law

Sec. 251. Clarification of authority to place prisoner in community 
                            corrections.
Sec. 252. Residential drug abuse program in Federal prisons.
Sec. 253. Medical care for prisoners.
Sec. 254. Contracting for services for post-conviction supervision 
                            offenders.

SEC. 3. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) In 2002, over 7,000,000 people were incarcerated in 
        Federal, State, or local prisons or jails, or were under parole 
        or court supervision. Nearly 650,000 people are released from 
        Federal and State incarceration into communities nationwide 
        each year.
            (2) There are over 3,200 jails throughout the United 
        States, the vast majority of which are operated by county 
        governments. Each year, these jails will release more than 
        10,000,000 people back into the community.
            (3) Nearly \2/3\ of released State prisoners are expected 
        to be rearrested for a felony or serious misdemeanor within 3 
        years after release.
            (4) According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, 
        expenditures on corrections alone increased from $9,000,000,000 
        in 1982 to $59,600,000,000 in 2002. These figures do not 
        include the cost of arrest and prosecution, nor do they take 
        into account the cost to victims.
            (5) The Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative 
        provided $139,000,000 in funding for State governments to 
        develop and implement education, job training, mental health 
        treatment, and substance abuse treatment for serious and 
        violent offenders. This Act seeks to build upon the innovative 
        and successful State reentry programs developed under the 
        Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative, which 
        terminated after fiscal year 2005.
            (6) Between 1991 and 1999, the number of children with a 
        parent in a Federal or State correctional facility increased by 
        more than 100 percent, from approximately 900,000 to 
        approximately 2,000,000. According to the Bureau of Prisons, 
        there is evidence to suggest that inmates who are connected to 
        their children and families are more likely to avoid negative 
        incidents and have reduced sentences.
            (7) Released prisoners cite family support as the most 
        important factor in helping them stay out of prison. Research 
        suggests that families are an often underutilized resource in 
        the reentry process.
            (8) Approximately 100,000 juveniles (ages 17 years and 
        under) leave juvenile correctional facilities, State prison, or 
        Federal prison each year. Juveniles released from secure 
        confinement still have their likely prime crime years ahead of 
        them. Juveniles released from secure confinement have a 
        recidivism rate ranging from 55 to 75 percent. The chances that 
        young people will successfully transition into society improve 
        with effective reentry and aftercare programs.
            (9) Studies have shown that between 15 percent and 27 
        percent of prisoners expect to go to homeless shelters upon 
        release from prison.
            (10) Fifty-seven percent of Federal and 70 percent of State 
        inmates used drugs regularly before going to prison, and the 
        Bureau of Justice Statistics report titled ``Trends in State 
        Parole, 1990-2000'' estimates the use of drugs or alcohol 
        around the time of the offense that resulted in the 
        incarceration of the inmate at as high as 84 percent.
            (11) Family-based treatment programs have proven results 
        for serving the special populations of female offenders and 
        substance abusers with children. An evaluation by the Substance 
        Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration of family-based 
        treatment for substance-abusing mothers and children found that 
        6 months after such treatment, 60 percent of the mothers 
        remained alcohol and drug free, and drug-related offenses 
        declined from 28 percent to 7 percent. Additionally, a 2003 
        evaluation of residential family-based treatment programs 
        revealed that 60 percent of mothers remained clean and sober 6 
        months after treatment, criminal arrests declined by 43 
        percent, and 88 percent of the children treated in the program 
        with their mothers remained stabilized.
            (12) A Bureau of Justice Statistics analysis indicated that 
        only 33 percent of Federal inmates and 36 percent of State 
        inmates had participated in residential in-patient treatment 
        programs for alcohol and drug abuse 12 months before their 
        release. Further, over \1/3\ of all jail inmates have some 
        physical or mental disability and 25 percent of jail inmates 
        have been treated at some time for a mental or emotional 
        problem.
            (13) State Substance Abuse Agency Directors, also known as 
        Single State Authorities (SSAs), manage the Nation's publicly 
        funded substance abuse prevention and treatment systems. SSAs 
        are responsible for planning and implementing State-wide 
        systems of care that provide clinically appropriate substance 
        abuse services. Given the high rate of substance use disorders 
        among offenders reentering our communities, successful reentry 
        programs require close interaction and collaboration with SSAs 
        when planning, implementing, and evaluating reentry programs.
            (14) According to the National Institute of Literacy, 70 
        percent of all prisoners function at the lowest literacy 
        levels.
            (15) Less than 32 percent of State prison inmates have a 
        high school diploma or a higher level of education, compared to 
        82 percent of the general population.
            (16) Approximately 38 percent of inmates who completed 11 
        years or less of school were not working before entry into 
        prison.
            (17) The percentage of State prisoners participating in 
        educational programs decreased by more than 8 percent between 
        1991 and 1997, despite growing evidence of how educational 
        programming while incarcerated reduces recidivism.
            (18) The National Institute of Justice has found that 1 
        year after release, up to 60 percent of former inmates are not 
        employed.
            (19) Transitional jobs programs have proven to help people 
        with criminal records to successfully return to the workplace 
        and to the community, and therefore can reduce recidivism.

SEC. 4. SUBMISSION OF REPORTS TO CONGRESS.

    Not later than January 31 of each year, the Attorney General shall 
submit all reports received under this Act and the amendments made by 
this Act during the preceding year to the Committee on the Judiciary of 
the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
Representatives.

   TITLE I--AMENDMENTS RELATED TO THE OMNIBUS CRIME CONTROL AND SAFE 
                          STREETS ACT OF 1968

             Subtitle A--Improvements to Existing Programs

SEC. 101. REAUTHORIZATION OF ADULT AND JUVENILE OFFENDER STATE AND 
              LOCAL REENTRY DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.

    (a) Adult and Juvenile Offender Demonstration Projects 
Authorized.--Section 2976(b) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w(b)) is amended by striking 
paragraphs (1) through (4) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) establishing or improving the system or systems under 
        which--
                    ``(A) correctional agencies and other criminal and 
                juvenile justice agencies of the grant recipient 
                develop and carry out plans to facilitate the reentry 
                into the community of each offender in the custody of 
                the jurisdiction involved;
                    ``(B) the supervision and services provided to 
                offenders in the custody of the jurisdiction involved 
                are coordinated with the supervision and services 
                provided to offenders after reentry into the community, 
                including coordination with Comprehensive and 
                Continuous Offender Reentry Task Forces under section 
                2902 or with similar planning groups;
                    ``(C) the efforts of various public and private 
                entities to provide supervision and services to 
                offenders after reentry into the community, and to 
                family members of such offenders, are coordinated; and
                    ``(D) offenders awaiting reentry into the community 
                are provided with documents (such as identification 
                papers, referrals to services, medical prescriptions, 
                job training certificates, apprenticeship papers, and 
                information on obtaining public assistance) useful in 
                achieving a successful transition from prison, jail, or 
                a juvenile facility;
            ``(2) carrying out programs and initiatives by units of 
        local government to strengthen reentry services for individuals 
        released from local jails, including coordination with 
        Comprehensive and Continuous Offender Reentry Task Forces under 
        section 2902 or with similar planning groups;
            ``(3) assessing the literacy, educational, and vocational 
        needs of offenders in custody and identifying and providing 
        services appropriate to meet those needs, including follow-up 
        assessments and long-term services;
            ``(4) facilitating collaboration among corrections 
        (including community corrections), technical schools, community 
        colleges, businesses, nonprofit, and the workforce development 
        and employment service sectors--
                    ``(A) to promote, where appropriate, the employment 
                of people released from prison, jail, or a juvenile 
                facility through efforts such as educating employers 
                about existing financial incentives;
                    ``(B) to facilitate the creation of job 
                opportunities, including transitional jobs and time-
                limited subsidized work experience (where appropriate);
                    ``(C) to connect offenders to employment (including 
                supportive employment and employment services before 
                their release to the community), provide work supports 
                (including transportation and retention services), as 
                appropriate, and identify labor market needs to ensure 
                that education and training are appropriate; and
                    ``(D) to address obstacles to employment that are 
                not directly connected to the offense committed and the 
                risk that the offender presents to the community and 
                provide case management services as necessary to 
                prepare offenders for jobs that offer the potential for 
                advancement and growth;
            ``(5) providing offenders with education, job training, 
        responsible parenting and healthy relationship skills training 
        (designed specifically to address the needs of fathers and 
        mothers in or transitioning from prison, jail, or a juvenile 
        facility), English literacy education, work experience 
        programs, self-respect and life skills training, and other 
        skills useful in achieving a successful transition from prison, 
        jail, or a juvenile facility;
            ``(6) providing structured post-release housing and 
        transitional housing (including group homes for recovering 
        substance abusers (with appropriate safeguards that may include 
        single-gender housing)) through which offenders are provided 
        supervision and services immediately following reentry into the 
        community;
            ``(7) assisting offenders in securing permanent housing 
        upon release or following a stay in transitional housing;
            ``(8) providing substance abuse treatment and services, 
        including providing a full continuum of substance abuse 
        treatment services that encompasses outpatient services, 
        comprehensive residential services and recovery, and recovery 
        home services to offenders reentering the community from 
        prison, jail, or a juvenile facility;
            ``(9) expanding family-based drug treatment centers that 
        offer family-based comprehensive treatment services for parents 
        and their children as a complete family unit, as appropriate to 
        the safety, security, and well-being of the family;
            ``(10) encouraging collaboration among juvenile and adult 
        corrections, community corrections, and community health 
        centers to allow access to affordable and quality primary 
        health care for offenders during the period of transition from 
        prison, jail, or a juvenile facility;
            ``(11) providing or facilitating health care services to 
        offenders (including substance abuse screening, treatment, and 
        aftercare, infectious disease screening and treatment, and 
        screening, assessment, and aftercare for mental health 
        services) to protect the communities in which offenders will 
        live;
            ``(12) enabling prison, jail, or juvenile facility mentors 
        of offenders to remain in contact with those offenders 
        (including through the use of all available technology) while 
        in prison, jail, or a juvenile facility and after reentry into 
        the community, and encouraging the involvement of prison, jail, 
        or a juvenile facility mentors in the reentry process;
            ``(13) systems under which family members of offenders are 
        involved in facilitating the successful reentry of those 
        offenders into the community (as appropriate to the safety, 
        security, and well-being of the family), including removing 
        obstacles to the maintenance of family relationships while the 
        offender is in custody, strengthening the family's capacity to 
        function as a stable living situation during reentry, and 
        involving family members in the planning and implementation of 
        the reentry process;
            ``(14) creating, developing, or enhancing offender and 
        family assessments, curricula, policies, procedures, or 
        programs (including mentoring programs)--
                    ``(A) to help offenders with a history or 
                identified risk of domestic violence, dating violence, 
                sexual assault, or stalking reconnect with their 
                families and communities (as appropriate to the safety, 
                security, and well-being of the family), and become 
                non-abusive parents or partners; and
                    ``(B) under which particular attention is paid to 
                the safety of children affected and the confidentiality 
                concerns of victims, and efforts are coordinated with 
                victim service providers;
            ``(15) maintaining the parent-child relationship, as 
        appropriate to the safety, security, and well-being of the 
        child as determined by the relevant corrections and child 
        protective services agencies, including--
                    ``(A) implementing programs in correctional 
                agencies to include the collection of information 
                regarding any dependent children of an offender as part 
                of intake procedures, including the number, age, and 
                location or jurisdiction of such children;
                    ``(B) connecting those identified children with 
                services as appropriate and needed;
                    ``(C) carrying out programs (including mentoring) 
                that support children of incarcerated parents, 
                including those in foster care and those cared for by 
                grandparents or other relatives (which is commonly 
                referred to as kinship care);
                    ``(D) developing programs and activities (including 
                mentoring) that support parent-child relationships, as 
                appropriate to the safety, security, and well-being of 
                the family, including technology to promote the parent-
                child relationship and to facilitate participation in 
                parent-teacher conferences, books on tape programs, 
                family days, and visitation areas for children while 
                visiting an incarcerated parent;
                    ``(E) helping incarcerated parents to learn 
                responsible parenting and healthy relationship skills;
                    ``(F) addressing visitation obstacles to children 
                of an incarcerated parent, such as the location of 
                facilities in remote areas, telephone costs, mail 
                restrictions, and visitation policies; and
                    ``(G) identifying and addressing obstacles to 
                collaborating with child welfare agencies in the 
                provision of services jointly to offenders in custody 
                and to the children of such offenders;
            ``(16) carrying out programs for the entire family unit, 
        including the coordination of service delivery across agencies;
            ``(17) facilitating and encouraging timely and complete 
        payment of restitution and fines by offenders to victims and 
        the community;
            ``(18) providing services as necessary to victims upon 
        release of offenders, including security services and 
        counseling, and facilitating the inclusion of victims, on a 
        voluntary basis, in the reentry process;
            ``(19) establishing or expanding the use of reentry courts 
        and other programs to--
                    ``(A) monitor offenders returning to the community;
                    ``(B) provide returning offenders with--
                            ``(i) drug and alcohol testing and 
                        treatment; and
                            ``(ii) mental and medical health assessment 
                        and services;
                    ``(C) facilitate restorative justice practices and 
                convene family or community impact panels, family 
                impact educational classes, victim impact panels, or 
                victim impact educational classes;
                    ``(D) provide and coordinate the delivery of other 
                community services to offenders, including--
                            ``(i) employment training;
                            ``(ii) education;
                            ``(iii) housing assistance;
                            ``(iv) children and family support, to 
                        include responsible parenting and healthy 
                        relationship skill training designed 
                        specifically to address the needs of 
                        incarcerated and transitioning fathers and 
                        mothers;
                            ``(v) conflict resolution skills training;
                            ``(vi) family violence intervention 
                        programs; and
                            ``(vii) other appropriate services; and
                    ``(E) establish and implement graduated sanctions 
                and incentives;
            ``(20) developing a case management reentry program that--
                    ``(A) provides services to eligible veterans, as 
                defined by the Attorney General; and
                    ``(B) provides for a reentry service network solely 
                for such eligible veterans that coordinates community 
                services and veterans services for offenders who 
                qualify for such veterans services; and
            ``(21) protecting communities against dangerous offenders, 
        including--
                    ``(A) conducting studies in collaboration with 
                Federal research initiatives in effect on the date of 
                enactment of the Second Chance Act of 2007, to 
                determine which offenders are returning to prisons, 
                jails, and juvenile facilities and which of those 
                returning offenders represent the greatest risk to 
                community safety;
                    ``(B) developing and implementing procedures to 
                assist relevant authorities in determining when release 
                is appropriate and in the use of data to inform the 
                release decision;
                    ``(C) using validated assessment tools to assess 
                the risk factors of returning inmates, and developing 
                or adopting procedures to ensure that dangerous felons 
                are not released from prison prematurely; and
                    ``(D) developing and implementing procedures to 
                identify efficiently and effectively those violators of 
                probation, parole, or post-incarceration supervision 
                who represent the greatest risk to community safety.''.
    (b) Juvenile Offender Demonstration Projects Reauthorized.--Section 
2976(c) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 
U.S.C. 3797w(c)) is amended by striking ``may be expended for'' and all 
that follows through the period at the end and inserting ``may be 
expended for any activity referred to in subsection (b).''.
    (c) Applications; Requirements; Priorities; Performance 
Measurements.--Section 2976 of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w) is further amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (o); and
            (2) by striking subsections (d) through (g) and inserting 
        the following:
    ``(d) Applications.--A State, unit of local government, territory, 
or Indian tribe, or combination thereof, desiring a grant under this 
section shall submit an application to the Attorney General that--
            ``(1) contains a reentry strategic plan, as described in 
        subsection (h), which describes the long-term strategy and 
        incorporates a detailed implementation schedule, including the 
        plans of the applicant to pay for the program after the Federal 
        funding is discontinued;
            ``(2) identifies the local government role and the role of 
        governmental agencies and nonprofit organizations that will be 
        coordinated by, and that will collaborate on, the offender 
        reentry strategy of the applicant and certifies their 
        involvement; and
            ``(3) describes the evidence-based methodology and outcome 
        measures that will be used to evaluate the program, and 
        specifically explains how such measurements will provide valid 
        measures of the program's impact.
    ``(e) Requirements.--The Attorney General may make a grant to an 
applicant under this section only if the application--
            ``(1) reflects explicit support of the chief executive 
        officer of the State, unit of local government, territory, or 
        Indian tribe applying for a grant under this section;
            ``(2) provides extensive discussion of the role of State 
        corrections departments, community corrections agencies, 
        juvenile justice systems, or local jail systems in ensuring 
        successful reentry of offenders into their communities;
            ``(3) provides extensive evidence of collaboration with 
        State and local government agencies overseeing health, housing, 
        child welfare, education, substance abuse, victims services, 
        and employment services, and with local law enforcement;
            ``(4) provides a plan for analysis of the statutory, 
        regulatory, rules-based, and practice-based hurdles to 
        reintegration of offenders into the community; and
            ``(5) includes the use of a State, local, territorial, or 
        tribal task force, described in subsection (i), to carry out 
        the activities funded under the grant.
    ``(f) Priority Considerations.--The Attorney General shall give 
priority to grant applications under this section that best--
            ``(1) focus initiative on geographic areas with a 
        disproportionate population of offenders released from prisons, 
        jails, and juvenile facilities;
            ``(2) include--
                    ``(A) input from nonprofit organizations, in any 
                case where relevant input is available and appropriate 
                to the grant application;
                    ``(B) consultations with crime victims and 
                offenders who are released from prisons, jails, and 
                juvenile facilities; and
                    ``(C) coordination with families of offenders;
            ``(3) demonstrate effective case assessment and management 
        abilities in order to provide comprehensive and continuous 
        reentry, including--
                    ``(A) planning while offenders are in prison, jail, 
                or a juvenile facility, pre-release transition housing, 
                and community release;
                    ``(B) establishing pre-release planning procedures 
                to ensure that the eligibility of an offender for 
                Federal or State benefits upon release is established 
                prior to release, subject to any limitations in law, 
                and to ensure that offenders obtain all necessary 
                referrals for reentry services; and
                    ``(C) delivery of continuous and appropriate drug 
                treatment, medical care, job training and placement, 
                educational services, or any other service or support 
                needed for reentry;
            ``(4) review the process by which the applicant adjudicates 
        violations of parole, probation, or supervision following 
        release from prison, jail, or a juvenile facility, taking into 
        account public safety and the use of graduated, community-based 
        sanctions for minor and technical violations of parole, 
        probation, or supervision (specifically those violations that 
        are not otherwise, and independently, a violation of law);
            ``(5) provide for an independent evaluation of reentry 
        programs that include, to the maximum extent possible, random 
        assignment and controlled studies to determine the 
        effectiveness of such programs; and
            ``(6) target high-risk offenders for reentry programs 
        through validated assessment tools.
    ``(g) Uses of Grant Funds.--
            ``(1) Federal share.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), the Federal share of a grant received 
                under this section may not exceed 75 percent of the 
                project funded under such grant in fiscal year 2008.
                    ``(B) Waiver.--Subparagraph (A) shall not apply if 
                the Attorney General--
                            ``(i) waives, in whole or in part, the 
                        requirement of this paragraph; and
                            ``(ii) publishes in the Federal Register 
                        the rationale for the waiver.
            ``(2) Supplement not supplant.--Federal funds received 
        under this section shall be used to supplement, not supplant, 
        non-Federal funds that would otherwise be available for the 
        activities funded under this section.
    ``(h) Reentry Strategic Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--As a condition of receiving financial 
        assistance under this section, each applicant shall develop a 
        comprehensive strategic reentry plan that contains measurable 
        annual and 5-year performance outcomes, and that uses, to the 
        maximum extent possible, random assigned and controlled studies 
        to determine the effectiveness of the program. One goal of the 
        plan shall be to reduce the rate of recidivism (as defined by 
        the Attorney General, consistent with the research on offender 
        reentry undertaken by the Bureau of Justice Statistics) for 
        offenders released from prison, jail, or a juvenile facility 
        who are served with funds made available under this section.
            ``(2) Coordination.--In developing a reentry plan under 
        this subsection, an applicant shall coordinate with communities 
        and stakeholders, including persons in the fields of public 
        safety, juvenile and adult corrections, housing, health, 
        education, substance abuse, children and families, victims 
        services, employment, and business and members of nonprofit 
        organizations that can provide reentry services.
            ``(3) Measurements of progress.--Each reentry plan 
        developed under this subsection shall measure the progress of 
        the applicant toward increasing public safety by reducing rates 
        of recidivism and enabling released offenders to transition 
        successfully back into their communities.
    ``(i) Reentry Task Force.--
            ``(1) In general.--As a condition of receiving financial 
        assistance under this section, each applicant shall establish 
        or empower a Reentry Task Force, or other relevant convening 
        authority, to--
                    ``(A) examine ways to pool resources and funding 
                streams to promote lower recidivism rates for returning 
                offenders and minimize the harmful effects of 
                offenders' time in prison, jail, or a juvenile facility 
                on families and communities of offenders by collecting 
                data and best practices in offender reentry from 
                demonstration grantees and other agencies and 
                organizations; and
                    ``(B) provide the analysis described in subsection 
                (e)(4).
            ``(2) Membership.--The task force or other authority under 
        this subsection shall be comprised of--
                    ``(A) relevant State, tribal, territorial, or local 
                leaders; and
                    ``(B) representatives of relevant--
                            ``(i) agencies;
                            ``(ii) service providers;
                            ``(iii) nonprofit organizations; and
                            ``(iv) stakeholders.
    ``(j) Strategic Performance Outcomes.--
            ``(1) In general.--Each applicant shall identify in the 
        reentry strategic plan developed under subsection (h), specific 
        performance outcomes related to the long-term goals of 
        increasing public safety and reducing recidivism.
            ``(2) Performance outcomes.--The performance outcomes 
        identified under paragraph (1) shall include, with respect to 
        offenders released back into the community--
                    ``(A) reduction in recidivism rates, which shall be 
                reported in accordance with the measure selected by the 
                Director of the Bureau of Prisons under section 
                234(c)(2) of the Second Chance Act of 2007;
                    ``(B) reduction in crime;
                    ``(C) increased employment and education 
                opportunities;
                    ``(D) reduction in violations of conditions of 
                supervised release;
                    ``(E) increased child support;
                    ``(F) increased housing opportunities;
                    ``(G) reduction in drug and alcohol abuse; and
                    ``(H) increased participation in substance abuse 
                and mental health services.
            ``(3) Other outcomes.--A grantee under this section may 
        include in their reentry strategic plan other performance 
        outcomes that increase the success rates of offenders who 
        transition from prison, jails, or juvenile facilities.
            ``(4) Coordination.--A grantee under this section shall 
        coordinate with communities and stakeholders about the 
        selection of performance outcomes identified by the applicant, 
        and shall consult with the Attorney General for assistance with 
        data collection and measurement activities as provided for in 
        the grant application materials.
            ``(5) Report.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Each grantee under this section 
                shall submit an annual report to the Attorney General 
                that--
                            ``(i) identifies the progress of the 
                        grantee toward achieving its strategic 
                        performance outcomes; and
                            ``(ii) describes other activities conducted 
                        by the grantee to increase the success rates of 
                        the reentry population, such as programs that 
                        foster effective risk management and treatment 
                        programming, offender accountability, and 
                        community and victim participation.
                    ``(B) Submission to congress.--On an annual basis, 
                the Attorney General shall submit all reports received 
                under this paragraph during the previous year to the 
                Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the 
                Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
                Representatives.
    ``(k) Performance Measurement.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Attorney General, in consultation 
        with grantees under this section, shall--
                    ``(A) identify primary and secondary sources of 
                information to support the measurement of the 
                performance indicators identified under this section;
                    ``(B) identify sources and methods of data 
                collection in support of performance measurement 
                required under this section;
                    ``(C) provide to all grantees technical assistance 
                and training on performance measures and data 
                collection for purposes of this section; and
                    ``(D) consult with the Substance Abuse and Mental 
                Health Services Administration and the National 
                Institute on Drug Abuse on strategic performance 
                outcome measures and data collection for purposes of 
                this section relating to substance abuse and mental 
                health.
            ``(2) Coordination.--The Attorney General shall coordinate 
        with other Federal agencies to identify national and other 
        sources of information to support performance measurement of 
        grantees.
            ``(3) Standards for analysis.--Any statistical analysis of 
        population data conducted pursuant to this section shall be 
        conducted in accordance with the Federal Register Notice dated 
        October 30, 1997, relating to classification standards.
    ``(l) Future Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
this section in any fiscal year after the fiscal year in which a 
grantee receives a grant under this section, a grantee shall submit to 
the Attorney General such information as is necessary to demonstrate 
that--
            ``(1) the grantee has adopted a reentry plan that reflects 
        input from nonprofit organizations, in any case where relevant 
        input is available and appropriate to the grant application;
            ``(2) the reentry plan of the grantee includes performance 
        measures to assess the progress of the grantee toward 
        increasing public safety by reducing the rate at which 
        individuals released from prisons, jails, or juvenile 
        facilities who participate in the reentry system supported by 
        Federal funds are recommitted to prisons, jails, or juvenile 
        facilities; and
            ``(3) the grantee will coordinate with the Attorney 
        General, nonprofit organizations (if relevant input from 
        nonprofit organizations is available and appropriate), and 
        other experts regarding the selection and implementation of the 
        performance measures described in subsection (k).
    ``(m) National Adult and Juvenile Offender Reentry Resource 
Center.--
            ``(1) Authority.--The Attorney General may, using amounts 
        made available to carry out this subsection, make a grant to an 
        eligible organization to provide for the establishment of a 
        National Adult and Juvenile Offender Reentry Resource Center.
            ``(2) Eligible organization.--An organization eligible for 
        the grant under paragraph (1) is any national nonprofit 
        organization approved by the Interagency Task Force on Federal 
        Programs and Activities Relating to the Reentry of Offenders 
        Into the Community, that provides technical assistance and 
        training to, and has special expertise and broad, national-
        level experience in, offender reentry programs, training, and 
        research.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--The organization receiving the grant 
        under paragraph (1) shall establish a National Adult and 
        Juvenile Offender Reentry Resource Center to--
                    ``(A) provide education, training, and technical 
                assistance for States, tribes, territories, local 
                governments, service providers, nonprofit 
                organizations, and corrections institutions;
                    ``(B) collect data and best practices in offender 
                reentry from demonstration grantees and others agencies 
                and organizations;
                    ``(C) develop and disseminate evaluation tools, 
                mechanisms, and measures to better assess and document 
                coalition performance measures and outcomes;
                    ``(D) disseminate information to States and other 
                relevant entities about best practices, policy 
                standards, and research findings;
                    ``(E) develop and implement procedures to assist 
                relevant authorities in determining when release is 
                appropriate and in the use of data to inform the 
                release decision;
                    ``(F) develop and implement procedures to identify 
                efficiently and effectively those violators of 
                probation, parole, or supervision following release 
                from prison, jail, or a juvenile facility who should be 
                returned to prisons, jails, or juvenile facilities and 
                those who should receive other penalties based on 
                defined, graduated sanctions;
                    ``(G) collaborate with the Interagency Task Force 
                on Federal Programs and Activities Relating to the 
                Reentry of Offenders Into the Community, and the 
                Federal Resource Center for Children of Prisoners;
                    ``(H) develop a national reentry research agenda;
                    ``(I) bridge the gap between reentry research and 
                practice by translating knowledge from research into 
                practical information; and
                    ``(J) establish a database to enhance the 
                availability of information that will assist offenders 
                in areas such as housing, employment, counseling, 
                mentoring, medical and mental health services, 
                substance abuse treatment, transportation, and daily 
                living skills.
            ``(4) Limit.--Of amounts made available to carry out this 
        section, not more than 4 percent shall be available to carry 
        out this subsection.
    ``(n) Administration.--Of amounts made available to carry out this 
section--
            ``(1) not more than 2 percent shall be available for 
        administrative expenses in carrying out this section; and
            ``(2) not more than 2 percent shall be made available to 
        the National Institute of Justice to evaluate the effectiveness 
        of the demonstration projects funded under this section, using 
        a methodology that--
                    ``(A) includes, to the maximum extent feasible, 
                random assignment of offenders (or entities working 
                with such persons) to program delivery and control 
                groups; and
                    ``(B) generates evidence on which reentry 
                approaches and strategies are most effective.''.
    (d) Grant Authorization.--Section 2976(a) of the Omnibus Crime 
Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w(a)) is amended by 
striking ``States, Territories'' and all that follows through the 
period at the end and inserting the following: ``States, local 
governments, territories, or Indian tribes, or any combination thereof, 
in partnership with stakeholders, service providers, and nonprofit 
organizations.''.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 2976(o) of the 
Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w), 
as so redesignated by subsection (c) of this section, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``$15,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 2003'' and all that follows and inserting ``$65,000,000 
        for fiscal year 2008, and $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2009.''; 
        and
            (2) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows:
            ``(2) Limitation.--Of the amount made available to carry 
        out this section in any fiscal year, not more than 3 percent or 
        less than 2 percent may be used for technical assistance and 
        training.''.

SEC. 102. IMPROVEMENT OF THE RESIDENTIAL SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT FOR 
              STATE OFFENDERS PROGRAM.

    (a) Requirement for Aftercare Component.--Section 1902(c) of the 
Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796ff-
1(c)), is amended--
            (1) by striking the subsection heading and inserting 
        ``Requirement for Aftercare Component.--''; and
            (2) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:
            ``(1) To be eligible for funding under this part, a State 
        shall ensure that individuals who participate in the substance 
        abuse treatment program established or implemented with 
        assistance provided under this part will be provided with 
        aftercare services, which may include case management services 
        and a full continuum of support services that ensure providers 
        furnishing services under the program are approved by the 
        appropriate State or local agency, and licensed, if necessary, 
        to provide medical treatment or other health services.''.
    (b) Definition.--Section 1904(d) of the Omnibus Crime Control and 
Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796ff-3(d)) is amended to read as 
follows:
    ``(d) Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Program Defined.--In 
this part, the term `residential substance abuse treatment program' 
means a course of comprehensive individual and group substance abuse 
treatment services, lasting a period of at least 6 months, in 
residential treatment facilities set apart from the general population 
of a prison or jail, which may include the use of pharmacological 
treatment, where appropriate, that may extend beyond such period.''.
    (c) Requirement for Study and Report on Aftercare Services.--The 
Attorney General, through the National Institute of Justice, and in 
consultation with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, shall conduct a 
study on the use and effectiveness of funds used by the Department of 
Justice for aftercare services under section 1902(c) of the Omnibus 
Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as amended by subsection 
(a) of this section, for offenders who reenter the community after 
completing a substance abuse program in prison or jail.

  Subtitle B--New and Innovative Programs to Improve Offender Reentry 
                                Services

SEC. 111. STATE AND LOCAL REENTRY COURTS.

    (a) In General.--Part FF of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control 
and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w et seq.), as amended by 
section 101, is further amended by inserting at the end the following:

``SEC. 2978. STATE AND LOCAL REENTRY COURTS.

    ``(a) Grants Authorized.--The Attorney General shall award grants, 
in accordance with this section, of not more than $500,000 to--
            ``(1) State and local courts; and
            ``(2) State agencies, municipalities, public agencies, 
        nonprofit organizations, territories, and Indian tribes that 
        have agreements with courts to take the lead in establishing a 
        reentry court (as described in section 2976(b)(19)).
    ``(b) Use of Grant Funds.--Grant funds awarded under this section 
shall be administered in accordance with such guidelines, regulations, 
and procedures as promulgated by the Attorney General, and may be used 
to--
            ``(1) monitor juvenile and adult offenders returning to the 
        community;
            ``(2) provide juvenile and adult offenders returning to the 
        community with coordinated and comprehensive reentry services 
        and programs such as--
                    ``(A) drug and alcohol testing and assessment for 
                treatment;
                    ``(B) assessment for substance abuse from a 
                substance abuse professional who is approved by the 
                State and licensed by the appropriate entity to provide 
                alcohol and drug addiction treatment, as appropriate;
                    ``(C) substance abuse treatment from a provider 
                that is approved by the State, and licensed, if 
                necessary, to provide medical and other health 
                services;
                    ``(D) health (including mental health) services and 
                assessment;
                    ``(E) aftercare and case management services that--
                            ``(i) facilitate access to clinical care 
                        and related health services; and
                            ``(ii) coordinate with such clinical care 
                        and related health services; and
                    ``(F) any other services needed for reentry;
            ``(3) convene community impact panels, victim impact 
        panels, or victim impact educational classes;
            ``(4) provide and coordinate the delivery of community 
        services to juvenile and adult offenders, including--
                    ``(A) housing assistance;
                    ``(B) education;
                    ``(C) employment training;
                    ``(D) conflict resolution skills training;
                    ``(E) batterer intervention programs; and
                    ``(F) other appropriate social services; and
            ``(5) establish and implement graduated sanctions and 
        incentives.
    ``(c) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed as preventing a grantee that operates a drug court under part 
EE at the time a grant is awarded under this section from using funds 
from such grant to supplement the drug court under part EE in 
accordance with paragraphs (1) through (5) of subsection (b).
    ``(d) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under this section, 
an entity described in subsection (a) shall, in addition to any other 
requirements required by the Attorney General, submit to the Attorney 
General an application that--
            ``(1) describes the program to be assisted under this 
        section and the need for such program;
            ``(2) describes a long-term strategy and detailed 
        implementation plan for such program, including how the entity 
        plans to pay for the program after the Federal funding ends;
            ``(3) identifies the governmental and community agencies 
        that will be coordinated by the project;
            ``(4) certifies that--
                    ``(A) all agencies affected by the program, 
                including existing community corrections and parole 
                entities, have been appropriately consulted in the 
                development of the program;
                    ``(B) there will be appropriate coordination with 
                all such agencies in the implementation of the program; 
                and
                    ``(C) there will be appropriate coordination and 
                consultation with the Single State Authority for 
                Substance Abuse (as defined in section 201(e) of the 
                Second Chance Act of 2007) of the State; and
            ``(5) describes the methodology and outcome measures that 
        will be used to evaluate the program.
    ``(e) Matching Requirements.--The Federal share of a grant under 
this section may not exceed 75 percent of the costs of the project 
assisted by such grant unless the Attorney General--
            ``(1) waives, wholly or in part, the matching requirement 
        under this subsection; and
            ``(2) publicly delineates the rationale for the waiver.
    ``(f) Annual Report.--Each entity receiving a grant under this 
section shall submit to the Attorney General, for each fiscal year in 
which funds from the grant are expended, a report, at such time and in 
such manner as the Attorney General may reasonably require, that 
contains--
            ``(1) a summary of the activities carried out under the 
        program assisted by the grant;
            ``(2) an assessment of whether the activities are meeting 
        the need for the program identified in the application 
        submitted under subsection (d); and
            ``(3) such other information as the Attorney General may 
        require.
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated 
        $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009 to carry out 
        this section.
            ``(2) Limitations.--Of the amount made available to carry 
        out this section in any fiscal year--
                    ``(A) not more than 2 percent may be used by the 
                Attorney General for salaries and administrative 
                expenses; and
                    ``(B) not more than 5 percent nor less than 2 
                percent may be used for technical assistance and 
                training.''.

SEC. 112. GRANTS FOR COMPREHENSIVE AND CONTINUOUS OFFENDER REENTRY TASK 
              FORCES.

    Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 
(42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.) is further amended by inserting after part BB 
the following new part:

  ``PART CC--GRANTS FOR COMPREHENSIVE AND CONTINUOUS OFFENDER REENTRY 
                              TASK FORCES

``SEC. 2901. AUTHORIZATION.

    ``The Attorney General shall carry out a grant program under which 
the Attorney General makes grants to States, units of local government, 
territories, Indian tribes, and other public and private entities for 
the purpose of establishing and administering task forces (to be known 
as `Comprehensive and Continuous Offender Reentry Task Forces'), in 
accordance with this part.

``SEC. 2902. COMPREHENSIVE AND CONTINUOUS OFFENDER REENTRY TASK FORCES.

    ``(a) In General.--For purposes of this part, a Comprehensive and 
Continuous Offender Reentry Task Force is a planning group of a State, 
unit of local government, territory, or Indian tribe that--
            ``(1) develops a community reentry plan, described in 
        section 2903, for each juvenile and adult offender to be 
        released from a correctional facility in the applicable 
        jurisdiction;
            ``(2) supervises and assesses the progress of each such 
        offender, with respect to such plan, starting on a date before 
        the offender is released from a correctional facility and 
        ending on the date on which the court supervision of such 
        offender ends;
            ``(3) conducts a detailed assessment of the needs of each 
        offender to address employment training, medical care, drug 
        treatment, education, and any other identified need of the 
        offender to assist in the offender's reentry;
            ``(4) demonstrates affirmative steps to implement such a 
        community reentry plan by consulting and coordinating with 
        other public and nonprofit entities, as appropriate;
            ``(5) establishes appropriate measurements for determining 
        the efficacy of such community reentry plans by monitoring 
        offender performance under such reentry plans;
            ``(6) complies with applicable State, local, territorial, 
        and tribal rules and regulations regarding the provision of 
        applicable services and treatment in the applicable 
        jurisdiction; and
            ``(7) consults and coordinates with the Single State 
        Authority for Substance Abuse (as defined in section 201(e) of 
        the Second Chance Act of 2007) and the criminal justice 
        agencies of the State to ensure that offender reentry plans are 
        coordinated and delivered in the most cost-effective manner, as 
        determined by the Attorney General, in consultation with the 
        grantee.
    ``(b) Consultation Required.--A Comprehensive and Continuous 
Offender Reentry Task Force for a county or other defined geographic 
area shall perform the duties described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of 
subsection (a) in consultation with representatives of--
            ``(1) the criminal and juvenile justice and correctional 
        facilities within the county or area;
            ``(2) the community health care services of the county or 
        area;
            ``(3) the drug treatment programs of the county or area;
            ``(4) the employment opportunities available in the county 
        or area;
            ``(5) housing opportunities available in the county or 
        area; and
            ``(6) any other appropriate community services available in 
        the county or area.

``SEC. 2903. COMMUNITY REENTRY PLAN DESCRIBED.

    ``For purposes of section 2902(a)(1), a community reentry plan for 
an offender is a plan relating to the reentry of the offender into the 
community and, according to the needs of the offender, shall--
            ``(1) identify employment opportunities and goals;
            ``(2) identify housing opportunities;
            ``(3) provide for any needed drug treatment;
            ``(4) provide for any needed mental health services;
            ``(5) provide for any needed health care services;
            ``(6) provide for any needed family counseling;
            ``(7) provide for offender case management programs or 
        services; and
            ``(8) provide for any other service specified by the 
        Comprehensive and Continuous Offender Reentry Task Force as 
        necessary for the offender.

``SEC. 2904. APPLICATION.

    ``To be eligible for a grant under this part, a State or other 
relevant entity shall submit to the Attorney General an application in 
such form and manner and at such time as the Attorney General 
specifies. Such application shall contain such information as the 
Attorney General specifies.

``SEC. 2905. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

    ``Nothing in this part shall be construed as supplanting or 
modifying a sentence imposed by a court, including any terms of 
supervision.

``SEC. 2906. REPORTS.

    ``An entity that receives funds under this part for a Comprehensive 
and Continuous Offender Reentry Task Force during a fiscal year shall 
submit to the Attorney General, not later than a date specified by the 
Attorney General, a report that describes and evaluates the 
effectiveness of such Task Force during such fiscal year.

``SEC. 2907. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 to carry out 
this section for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''.

SEC. 113. PROSECUTION DRUG TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE TO PRISON PROGRAMS.

    (a) Authorization.--Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.), as amended by section 112 
of this Act, is further amended by inserting after section 2907 the 
following new part:

  ``PART DD--PROSECUTION DRUG TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE TO PRISON PROGRAMS

``SEC. 2911. GRANT AUTHORITY.

    ``(a) In General.--The Attorney General may make grants to State 
and local prosecutors to develop, implement, or expand qualified drug 
treatment programs that are alternatives to imprisonment, in accordance 
with this section.
    ``(b) Qualified Drug Treatment Programs Described.--For purposes of 
this part, a qualified drug treatment program is a program--
            ``(1) that is administered by a State or local prosecutor;
            ``(2) that requires an eligible offender who is sentenced 
        to participate in the program (instead of incarceration) to 
        participate in a comprehensive substance abuse treatment 
        program that is approved by the State and licensed, if 
        necessary, to provide medical and other health services;
            ``(3) that requires an eligible offender to receive the 
        consent of the State or local prosecutor involved to 
        participate in such program;
            ``(4) that, in the case of an eligible offender who is 
        sentenced to participate in the program, requires the offender 
        to serve a sentence of imprisonment with respect to the crime 
        involved if the prosecutor, in conjunction with the treatment 
        provider, determines that the offender has not successfully 
        completed the relevant substance abuse treatment program 
        described in paragraph (2);
            ``(5) that provides for the dismissal of the criminal 
        charges involved in an eligible offender's participation in the 
        program if the offender is determined to have successfully 
        completed the program;
            ``(6) that requires each substance abuse provider treating 
        an eligible offender under the program to--
                    ``(A) make periodic reports of the progress of the 
                treatment of that offender to the State or local 
                prosecutor involved and to the appropriate court in 
                which the defendant was convicted; and
                    ``(B) notify such prosecutor and such court if the 
                offender absconds from the facility of the treatment 
                provider or otherwise violates the terms and conditions 
                of the program, consistent with Federal and State 
                confidentiality requirements; and
            ``(7) that has an enforcement unit comprised of law 
        enforcement officers under the supervision of the State or 
        local prosecutor involved, the duties of which shall include 
        verifying an offender's addresses and other contacts, and, if 
        necessary, locating, apprehending, and arresting an offender 
        who has absconded from the facility of a substance abuse 
        treatment provider or otherwise violated the terms and 
        conditions of the program, consistent with Federal and State 
        confidentiality requirements, and returning such offender to 
        court for sentencing for the crime involved.

``SEC. 2912. USE OF GRANT FUNDS.

    ``(a) In General.--A State or local prosecutor who receives a grant 
under this part shall use such grant for expenses of a qualified drug 
treatment program, including for the following expenses:
            ``(1) Salaries, personnel costs, equipment costs, and other 
        costs directly related to the operation of the program, 
        including the enforcement unit.
            ``(2) Payments for substance abuse treatment providers that 
        are approved by the State and licensed, if necessary, to 
        provide alcohol and drug addiction treatment to eligible 
        offenders participating in the program, including aftercare 
        supervision, vocational training, education, and job placement.
            ``(3) Payments to public and nonprofit private entities 
        that are approved by the State and licensed, if necessary, to 
        provide alcohol and drug addiction treatment to offenders 
        participating in the program.
    ``(b) Supplement and Not Supplant.--Grants made under this part 
shall be used to supplement, and not supplant, non-Federal funds that 
would otherwise be available for programs described in such subsection.

``SEC. 2913. APPLICATIONS.

    ``To request a grant under this part, a State or local prosecutor 
shall submit an application to the Attorney General in such form and 
containing such information as the Attorney General may reasonably 
require. Each such application shall contain the certification of the 
State or local prosecutor that the program for which the grant is 
requested is a qualified drug treatment program in accordance with this 
part.

``SEC. 2914. FEDERAL SHARE.

    ``The Federal share of a grant made under this part shall not 
exceed 75 percent of the total costs of the qualified drug treatment 
program funded by such grant for the fiscal year for which the program 
receives assistance under this part.

``SEC. 2915. GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.

    ``The Attorney General shall ensure that, to the extent 
practicable, the distribution of grants under this part is equitable 
and includes State or local prosecutors--
            ``(1) in each State; and
            ``(2) in rural, suburban, and urban jurisdictions.

``SEC. 2916. REPORTS AND EVALUATIONS.

    ``For each fiscal year, each recipient of a grant under this part 
during such fiscal year shall submit to the Attorney General a report 
with respect to the effectiveness of activities carried out using that 
grant. Each report shall include an evaluation in such form and 
containing such information as the Attorney General may reasonably 
require. The Attorney General shall specify the dates on which such 
reports shall be submitted.

``SEC. 2917. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this part:
            ``(1) State or local prosecutor.--The term `State or local 
        prosecutor' means any district attorney, State attorney 
        general, county attorney, or corporation counsel who has 
        authority to prosecute criminal offenses under State or local 
        law.
            ``(2) Eligible offender.--The term `eligible offender' 
        means an individual who--
                    ``(A) has been convicted, pled guilty, or admitted 
                guilt with respect to a crime for which a sentence of 
                imprisonment is required and has not completed such 
                sentence;
                    ``(B) has never been charged with or convicted of 
                an offense, during the course of which--
                            ``(i) the person carried, possessed, or 
                        used a firearm or dangerous weapon; or
                            ``(ii) there occurred the use of force 
                        against the person of another, without regard 
                        to whether any of the behavior described in 
                        clause (i) or (ii) is an element of the offense 
                        or for which the person is charged or 
                        convicted;
                    ``(C) does not have one or more prior convictions 
                for a felony crime of violence involving the use or 
                attempted use of force against a person with the intent 
                to cause death or serious bodily harm; and
                    ``(D)(i) has received an assessment for alcohol or 
                drug addiction from a substance abuse professional who 
                is approved by the State and licensed by the 
                appropriate entity to provide alcohol and drug 
                addiction treatment, as appropriate; and
                    ``(ii) has been found to be in need of substance 
                abuse treatment because that offender has a history of 
                substance abuse that is a significant contributing 
                factor to that offender's criminal conduct.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 1001(a) of title I of 
the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 
3793(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(26) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
        part DD such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 
        2008 and 2009.''.

SEC. 114. GRANTS FOR FAMILY SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES TO 
              INCARCERATION.

    Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act (42 
U.S.C. 3711 et seq.) is further amended by inserting after Part II the 
following new part:

``PART JJ--GRANTS FOR FAMILY SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES TO 
                             INCARCERATION

``SEC. 3001. GRANTS AUTHORIZED.

    ``The Attorney General may make grants to States, units of local 
government, territories, and Indian tribes to develop, implement, and 
expand comprehensive and clinically-appropriate family-based substance 
abuse treatment programs as alternatives to incarceration for 
nonviolent parent drug offenders.

``SEC. 3002. USE OF GRANT FUNDS.

    ``Grants made to an entity under section 3001 for a program 
described in such section may be used for the following:
            ``(1) Salaries, personnel costs, facility costs, and other 
        costs directly related to the operation of the program.
            ``(2) Payments to providers of substance abuse treatment 
        for providing treatment and case management to nonviolent 
        parent drug offenders participating in the program, including 
        comprehensive treatment for mental health disorders, parenting 
        classes, educational classes, vocational training, and job 
        placement.
            ``(3) Payments to public and nonprofit private entities to 
        provide substance abuse treatment to nonviolent parent drug 
        offenders participating in the program.

``SEC. 3003. PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.

    ``A program for which a grant is made under section 3001 shall 
comply with the following requirements:
            ``(1) The program shall ensure that all providers of 
        substance abuse treatment are approved by the State and are 
        licensed, if necessary, to provide medical and other health 
        services.
            ``(2) The program shall provide for appropriate 
        coordination and consultation with the Single State Authority 
        for Substance Abuse (as defined in section 201(e) of the Second 
        Chance Act of 2007) of the State in which the program is 
        located.
            ``(3) The program shall consist of clinically-appropriate, 
        comprehensive, and long-term family treatment, including the 
        treatment of the nonviolent parent drug offender, the child of 
        such offender, and any other appropriate member of the family 
        of the offender.
            ``(4) The program shall be provided in a residential 
        setting that is not a hospital setting or an intensive 
        outpatient setting.
            ``(5) The program shall provide that if a nonviolent parent 
        drug offender who participates in the program does not 
        successfully complete the program the offender shall serve an 
        appropriate sentence of imprisonment with respect to the 
        underlying crime involved.
            ``(6) The program shall ensure that a determination is made 
        as to whether or not a nonviolent drug offender has completed 
        the substance abuse treatment program.
            ``(7) The program shall include the implementation of a 
        system of graduated sanctions (including incentives) that are 
        applied based on the accountability of the nonviolent parent 
        drug offender involved throughout the course of the program to 
        encourage compliance with the program.
            ``(8) The program shall develop and implement a reentry 
        plan for each nonviolent parent drug offender that shall 
        include reinforcement strategies for family involvement as 
        appropriate, relapse strategies, support groups, placement in 
        transitional housing, and continued substance abuse treatment, 
        as needed.

``SEC. 3004. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this part:
            ``(1) Nonviolent parent drug offenders.--The term 
        `nonviolent parent drug offender' means an offender who is a 
        parent of a minor and who is convicted of a drug (or drug-
        related) felony that is a nonviolent offense.
            ``(2) Nonviolent offense.--The term `nonviolent offense' 
        has the meaning given such term under section 2991(a).

``SEC. 3005. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part 
$10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''.

SEC. 115. PRISON-BASED FAMILY TREATMENT PROGRAMS FOR INCARCERATED 
              PARENTS OF MINOR CHILDREN.

    Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act (42 
U.S.C. 3711 et seq.), is further amended--
            (1) by redesignating Part X at the end (relating to grants 
        for sex offender apprehension and juvenile sex offender 
        treatment) as Part KK; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new part:

  ``PART LL--PRISON-BASED FAMILY TREATMENT PROGRAMS FOR INCARCERATED 
                       PARENTS OF MINOR CHILDREN

``SEC. 3021. GRANTS AUTHORIZED.

    ``The Attorney General may make grants to States, units of local 
government, territories, and Indian tribes to provide prison-based 
family treatment programs for incarcerated parents of minor children.

``SEC. 3022. USE OF GRANT FUNDS.

    ``An entity that receives a grant under this part shall use amounts 
provided under the grant to--
            ``(1) develop, implement, and expand prison-based family 
        treatment programs in correctional facilities for incarcerated 
        parents with minor children, excluding from the programs those 
        parents with respect to whom there is reasonable evidence of 
        domestic violence or child abuse;
            ``(2) coordinate the design and implementation of such 
        programs between appropriate correctional facility 
        representatives, the Single State Authority for Substance Abuse 
        (as defined in section 201(e) of the Second Chance Act of 
        2007), and other appropriate governmental agencies; and
            ``(3) develop and implement a pre-release assessment and a 
        reentry plan for each incarcerated parent scheduled to be 
        released to the community, and such plan shall include--
                    ``(A) a treatment program for the incarcerated 
                parent to receive continuous substance abuse treatment 
                services and related support services, as needed;
                    ``(B) a housing plan during transition from 
                incarceration to reentry, as needed;
                    ``(C) a vocational or employment plan, including 
                training and job placement services; and
                    ``(D) any other services necessary to provide 
                successful reentry into the community.

``SEC. 3023. PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.

    ``A prison-based family treatment program for incarcerated parents 
with respect to which a grant is made shall comply with the following 
requirements:
            ``(1) The program shall integrate techniques to assess the 
        strengths and needs of immediate and extended family of the 
        incarcerated parent to support a treatment plan of the 
        incarcerated parent.
            ``(2) The program shall ensure that each participant in the 
        program has access to consistent and uninterrupted care if 
        transferred to a different correctional facility within the 
        State or other relevant entity.
            ``(3) The program shall be located in an area separate from 
        the general population of the prison or jail.

``SEC. 3024. APPLICATIONS.

    ``To be eligible for a grant under this part for a prison-based 
family treatment program, an entity described in section 3021 shall, in 
addition to any other requirement specified by the Attorney General, 
submit an application to the Attorney General in such form and manner 
and at such time as specified by the Attorney General. Such application 
shall include a description of the methods and measurements the entity 
will use for purposes of evaluating the program involved and such other 
information as the Attorney General may reasonably require.

``SEC. 3025. REPORTS.

    ``An entity that receives a grant under this part for a prison-
based family treatment program during a fiscal year shall submit to the 
Attorney General, not later than a date specified by the Attorney 
General, a report that describes and evaluates the effectiveness of 
such program during such fiscal year. Such evaluation shall be based on 
evidence-based data and shall use the methods and measurements 
described in the application of the entity for purposes of evaluating 
the program.

``SEC. 3026. PRISON-BASED FAMILY TREATMENT PROGRAM DEFINED.

    ``In this part, the term `prison-based family treatment program' 
means a program for incarcerated parents in a correctional facility 
that provides a comprehensive response to offender needs, including 
substance abuse treatment, child early intervention services, family 
counseling, legal services, medical care, mental health services, 
nursery and preschool, parenting skills training, pediatric care, 
physical therapy, prenatal care, sexual abuse therapy, relapse 
prevention, transportation, and vocational or GED training.

``SEC. 3027. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part 
$10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''.

SEC. 116. GRANT PROGRAMS RELATING TO EDUCATIONAL METHODS AT PRISONS, 
              JAILS, AND JUVENILE FACILITIES.

    Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 
(42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.), as amended by section 115 of this Act, is 
further amended by adding at the end the following new part:

 ``PART MM--GRANT PROGRAM TO EVALUATE EDUCATIONAL METHODS AT PRISONS, 
                     JAILS, AND JUVENILE FACILITIES

``SEC. 3031. GRANT PROGRAM TO EVALUATE EDUCATIONAL METHODS AT PRISONS, 
              JAILS, AND JUVENILE FACILITIES.

    ``(a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General shall carry 
out a grant program under which the Attorney General makes grants to 
States, units of local government, territories, Indian tribes, and 
other public and private entities to--
            ``(1) evaluate methods to improve academic and vocational 
        education for offenders in prisons, jails, and juvenile 
        facilities; and
            ``(2) identify, and make recommendations to the Attorney 
        General regarding, best practices relating to academic and 
        vocational education for offenders in prisons, jails, and 
        juvenile facilities, based on the evaluation under paragraph 
        (1).
    ``(b) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under this section, 
a State or other entity described in subsection (a) shall submit to the 
Attorney General an application in such form and manner and at such 
time as the Attorney General specifies. Such application shall contain 
such information as the Attorney General specifies.
    ``(c) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the last day of the 
final fiscal year for which an entity described in subsection (a) 
receives a grant under such subsection, such an entity shall submit to 
the Attorney General a detailed report of the aggregate findings and 
conclusions of the evaluation described in subsection (a)(1), and the 
recommendations to the Attorney General described in subsection (a)(2).
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated--
            ``(1) to carry out subsection (a)(1), $5,000,000 for each 
        of the fiscal years 2008 and 2009; and
            ``(2) to carry out subsection (a)(2), $5,000,000 for each 
        of the fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

``SEC. 3032. GRANTS TO IMPROVE EDUCATIONAL SERVICES IN PRISONS, JAILS, 
              AND JUVENILE FACILITIES.

    ``(a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General shall carry 
out a grant program under which the Attorney General makes grants to 
States, units of local government, territories, and Indian tribes for 
the purpose of improving the academic and vocational education programs 
available to offenders in prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities.
    ``(b) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under this section, 
an entity described in subsection (a) shall submit to the Attorney 
General an application in such form and manner and at such time as the 
Attorney General specifies. Such application shall contain such 
information as the Attorney General specifies.
    ``(c) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under subsection 
(a) during a fiscal year shall, not later than the last day of the 
following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney General a report that 
describes and assesses the uses of such grant.
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated $10,000,000 to carry out this section for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.''.

                   Subtitle C--Conforming Amendments

SEC. 121. USE OF VIOLENT OFFENDER TRUTH-IN-SENTENCING GRANT FUNDING FOR 
              DEMONSTRATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES.

     Section 20102(a) of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement 
Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13702(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2) by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (3) by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(4) to carry out any activity referred to in section 
        2976(b) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 
        1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w(b)).''.

     TITLE II--ENHANCED DRUG TREATMENT AND MENTORING GRANT PROGRAMS

                       Subtitle A--Drug Treatment

SEC. 201. GRANTS FOR DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS TO REDUCE DRUG USE AND 
              RECIDIVISM IN LONG-TERM SUBSTANCE ABUSERS.

    (a) Awards Required.--The Attorney General shall make competitive 
grants to eligible partnerships, in accordance with this section, for 
the purpose of establishing demonstration programs to reduce the use of 
alcohol and other drugs by supervised long-term substance abusers 
during the period in which each such long-term substance abuser is in 
prison, jail, or a juvenile facility, and until the completion of 
parole or court supervision of such abuser.
    (b) Use of Grant Funds.--A grant made under subsection (a) to an 
eligible partnership for a demonstration program, shall be used--
            (1) to support the efforts of the agencies, organizations, 
        and researchers included in the eligible partnership, with 
        respect to the program;
            (2) to develop and implement a program for supervised long-
        term substance abusers during the period described in 
        subsection (a), which shall include--
                    (A) alcohol and drug abuse assessments that--
                            (i) are provided by a State-approved 
                        program; and
                            (ii) provide adequate incentives for 
                        completion of a comprehensive alcohol or drug 
                        abuse treatment program, including through the 
                        use of graduated sanctions; and
                    (B) coordinated and continuous delivery of drug 
                treatment and case management services during such 
                period; and
            (3) to provide addiction recovery support services (such as 
        job training and placement, peer support, mentoring, education, 
        and other related services) to strengthen rehabilitation 
        efforts for long-term substance abusers.
    (c) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under subsection (a) 
for a demonstration program, an eligible partnership shall submit to 
the Attorney General an application that--
            (1) identifies the role, and certifies the involvement, of 
        each agency or organization involved in such partnership, with 
        respect to the program;
            (2) includes a plan for using judicial or other criminal or 
        juvenile justice authority to supervise the long-term substance 
        abusers who are participating in a demonstration program under 
        this section, including for--
                    (A) administering drug tests for such abusers on a 
                regular basis; and
                    (B) swiftly and certainly imposing an established 
                set of graduated sanctions for non-compliance with 
                conditions for reentry into the community relating to 
                drug abstinence (whether imposed as a pre-trial, 
                probation, or parole condition, or otherwise);
            (3) includes a plan to provide supervised long-term 
        substance abusers with coordinated and continuous services that 
        are based on evidence-based strategies that assist such abusers 
        by providing such abusers with--
                    (A) drug treatment while in prison, jail, or a 
                juvenile facility;
                    (B) continued treatment during the period in which 
                each such long-term substance abuser is in prison, 
                jail, or a juvenile facility, and until the completion 
                of parole or court supervision of such abuser;
                    (C) addiction recovery support services;
                    (D) employment training and placement;
                    (E) family-based therapies;
                    (F) structured post-release housing and 
                transitional housing, including housing for recovering 
                substance abusers; and
                    (G) other services coordinated by appropriate case 
                management services;
            (4) includes a plan for coordinating the data 
        infrastructures among the entities included in the eligible 
        partnership and between such entities and the providers of 
        services under the demonstration program involved (including 
        providers of technical assistance) to assist in monitoring and 
        measuring the effectiveness of demonstration programs under 
        this section; and
            (5) includes a plan to monitor and measure the number of 
        long-term substance abusers--
                    (A) located in each community involved; and
                    (B) who improve the status of their employment, 
                housing, health, and family life.
    (d) Reports to Congress.--
            (1) Interim report.--Not later than September 30, 2008, the 
        Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report that 
        identifies the best practices relating to the comprehensive and 
        coordinated treatment of long-term substance abusers, including 
        the best practices identified through the activities funded 
        under this section.
            (2) Final report.--Not later than September 30, 2009, the 
        Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report on the 
        demonstration programs funded under this section, including on 
        the matters specified in paragraph (1).
    (e) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible partnership.--The term ``eligible 
        partnership'' means a partnership that includes--
                    (A) the applicable Single State Authority for 
                Substance Abuse;
                    (B) the State, local, territorial, or tribal 
                criminal or juvenile justice authority involved;
                    (C) a researcher who has experience in evidence-
                based studies that measure the effectiveness of 
                treating long-term substance abusers during the period 
                in which such abusers are under the supervision of the 
                criminal or juvenile justice system involved;
                    (D) community-based organizations that provide drug 
                treatment, related recovery services, job training and 
                placement, educational services, housing assistance, 
                mentoring, or medical services; and
                    (E) Federal agencies (such as the Drug Enforcement 
                Agency, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and 
                Explosives, and United States Attorney's offices).
            (2) Long-term substance abuser.--The term ``long-term 
        substance abuser'' means an offender, who--
                    (A) is in a prison, jail, or juvenile facility;
                    (B) has abused illegal drugs or alcohol for a 
                significant number of years; and
                    (C) is scheduled to be released from prison, jail, 
                or a juvenile facility within the next 24 months.
            (3) Single state authority for substance abuse.--The term 
        ``Single State Authority for Substance Abuse'' means an entity 
        designated by the Governor or chief executive officer of a 
        State as the single State administrative authority responsible 
        for the planning, development, implementation, monitoring, 
        regulation, and evaluation of substance abuse services.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 202. GRANTS FOR DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS BY LOCAL PARTNERSHIPS TO 
              REDUCE ILLEGAL DRUG DEMAND BY PROVIDING DRUG TREATMENT.

    (a) Grant Awards Required.--The Attorney General shall make 
competitive awards for demonstration programs by eligible partnerships 
for the purpose of reducing illegal drug demand by providing for drug 
treatment upon request programs through evidence-based models of such 
programs that--
            (1) increase the accessibility of such a program to any 
        individual who requests to participate in such program;
            (2) increase public awareness of the availability of such 
        programs; and
            (3) decrease the cost of drug treatment.
    (b) Use of Award Amounts.--Grant amounts received under this 
section shall be used--
            (1) to support the efforts of the agencies, organizations, 
        and researchers included in the eligible partnership;
            (2) to develop a program that provides drug treatment upon 
        request--
                    (A) at no cost to an individual who participates in 
                the program; and
                    (B) within a reasonable period to any individual 
                that requests such treatment;
            (3) to increase awareness of the availability of such a 
        program to any individual that may be interested in 
        participating in such a program; and
            (4) to record the outcomes of the program developed.
    (c) Reports to Congress.--
            (1) Interim report.--Not later than September 30, 2008 the 
        Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report that 
        identifies the best practices in providing for drug treatment 
        upon request programs, including the best practices identified 
        through the activities funded under this section.
            (2) Final report.--Not later than September 30, 2009, the 
        Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report on the 
        demonstration programs funded under this section, including on 
        the matters specified in paragraph (1).
    (d) Definitions.--For purposes of this section:
            (1) Drug treatment upon request.--The term ``drug treatment 
        upon request'' means a drug treatment program that provides to 
        any individual who requests to participate in such program full 
        availability and accessibility to such program without delay.
            (2) Eligible partnership.--The term ``eligible 
        partnership'' means a working group whose application to the 
        Attorney General--
                    (A) identifies the roles played, and certifies the 
                involvement of, two or more agencies or organizations, 
                which may include--
                            (i) State or local agencies (such as those 
                        carrying out police, probation, prosecution, 
                        courts, corrections, parole, or treatment 
                        functions);
                            (ii) Federal agencies (such as the Drug 
                        Enforcement Agency, the Bureau of Alcohol, 
                        Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, and United 
                        States Attorney offices); and
                            (iii) community-based organizations;
                    (B) includes a qualified researcher;
                    (C) includes a plan for identifying, with respect 
                to the date of the enactment of this Act--
                            (i) the availability, as of such date, of 
                        each drug treatment upon request program;
                            (ii) the demand, as of such date, for drug 
                        treatment that has not been met through 
                        programs in existence before such date;
                            (iii) the ease and quality of access to 
                        drug treatment, as of such date; and
                            (iv) the criteria that have influenced the 
                        outcome of drug treatment upon request 
                        programs; and
                    (D) includes a plan that describes the methodology 
                and outcome measures proposed for evaluating the impact 
                of each model used for a drug treatment upon request 
                program.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 203. OFFENDER DRUG TREATMENT INCENTIVE GRANTS.

    (a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General shall carry out 
a grant program under which the Attorney General makes grants to 
States, units of local government, territories, and Indian tribes in an 
amount described in subsection (c) to improve the provision of drug 
treatment to offenders in prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities.
    (b) Requirements for Application.--To be eligible to receive a 
grant under subsection (a) for a given fiscal year, an entity described 
in such subsection shall, in addition to any other requirements 
specified by the Attorney General, submit to the Attorney General an 
application that demonstrates that, with respect to offenders in 
prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities who require drug treatment and 
who are in the custody of the jurisdiction involved, during the 
previous fiscal year the entity provided drug treatment meeting 
standards set forth by the Single State Authority for Substance Abuse 
(as defined in section 201(e)) to a number of such offenders that is 
two times the number of such offenders to whom the entity provided such 
drug treatment in the fiscal year that was two years before such given 
fiscal year. Such application shall be submitted in such form and 
manner and at such time as specified by the Attorney General.
    (c) Allocation of Grant Amounts Based on Drug Treatment Percent 
Demonstrated.--In allocating grant amounts under this part, the 
Attorney General shall base the amount allocated to an entity for a 
fiscal year on the percent of offenders described in subsection (b) to 
whom the entity provided drug treatment in the previous fiscal year, as 
demonstrated by the entity in its application under such subsection.
    (d) Uses of Grants.--A grant awarded to an entity under subsection 
(a) shall be used--
            (1) for continuing and improving drug treatment programs 
        provided at prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities of such 
        entity; and
            (2) to strengthen rehabilitation efforts for offenders by 
        providing addiction recovery support services, such as job 
        training and placement, education, peer support, mentoring, and 
        other similar services.
    (e) Technical Assistance.--The Attorney General may provide 
technical assistance to any entity awarded a grant under this section 
to establish or expand drug treatment services under this section if 
such entity does not have any (or has only a few) prisons, jails, or 
juvenile facilities that offer such services.
    (f) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under subsection (a) 
during a fiscal year shall, not later than the last day of the 
following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney General a report that 
describes and assesses the uses of such grant.
    (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated $10,000,000 to carry out this section for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 204. ENSURING AVAILABILITY AND DELIVERY OF NEW PHARMACOLOGICAL 
              DRUG TREATMENT SERVICES.

    (a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General, through the 
National Institute of Justice, and in consultation with the National 
Institute on Drug Abuse and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health 
Services Administration, shall carry out a grant program under which 
the Attorney General makes grants to States, units of local government, 
territories, Indian tribes, and public and private organizations to 
establish pharmacological drug treatment services as part of the 
available drug treatment programs being offered by such grantees to 
offenders who are in prison or jail.
    (b) Consideration of Pharmacological Treatments.--In awarding 
grants under this section to eligible entities, the Attorney General 
shall consider--
            (1) the number and availability of pharmacological 
        treatments offered under the proposed or existing program 
        involved; and
            (2) the participation of researchers who are familiar with 
        evidence-based studies and are able to measure the 
        effectiveness of such treatments using randomized trials.
    (c) Applications.--
            (1) In general.--To be eligible for a grant under this 
        section, an entity described in subsection (a) shall submit to 
        the Attorney General an application in such form and manner and 
        at such time as the Attorney General specifies.
            (2) Information required.--An application submitted under 
        paragraph (1) shall--
                    (A) provide assurances that grant funds will be 
                used only toward a program that is created in 
                coordination with (or approved by) the Single State 
                Authority for Substance Abuse, as defined in section 
                201(e), of the State involved to ensure pharmacological 
                drug treatment services provided under such program are 
                clinically appropriate;
                    (B) demonstrate how pharmacological drug treatment 
                services offered under the proposed or existing program 
                are part of a clinically-appropriate and comprehensive 
                treatment plan; and
                    (C) contain such other information as the Attorney 
                General specifies.
    (d) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under subsection (a) 
during a fiscal year shall, not later than the last day of the 
following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney General a report that 
describes and assesses the uses of such grant.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated $10,000,000 to carry out this section for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 205. STUDY OF EFFECTIVENESS OF DEPOT NALTREXONE FOR HEROIN 
              ADDICTION.

    (a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General, through the 
National Institute of Justice, and in consultation with the National 
Institute on Drug Abuse, shall carry out a grant program under which 
the Attorney General makes grants to public and private research 
entities (including consortia, single private research entities, and 
individual institutions of higher education) to evaluate the 
effectiveness of depot naltrexone for the treatment of heroin 
addiction.
    (b) Evaluation Program.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
this section, an entity described in subsection (a) shall submit to the 
Attorney General an application that--
            (1) contains such information as the Attorney General 
        specifies, including information that demonstrates that--
                    (A) the applicant conducts research at a private or 
                public institution of higher education;
                    (B) the applicant has an established or proposed 
                plan to work with parole officers or probation officers 
                for offenders who are under court supervision; and
                    (C) the evaluation described in subsection (a) will 
                measure the effectiveness of such treatments using 
                randomized trials; and
            (2) is in such form and manner and at such time as the 
        Attorney General specifies.
    (c) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under subsection (a) 
during a fiscal year shall, not later than the last day of the 
following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney General a report that 
describes and assesses the uses of such grant.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated $5,000,000 to carry out this section for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

                        Subtitle B--Job Training

SEC. 211. TECHNOLOGY CAREERS TRAINING DEMONSTRATION GRANTS.

    (a) Authority To Make Grants.--From amounts made available to carry 
out this section, the Attorney General shall make grants to States, 
units of local government, territories, and Indian tribes to provide 
technology career training to prisoners.
    (b) Use of Funds.--Grants awarded under subsection (a) may be used 
for establishing a technology careers training program to train 
prisoners during the 3-year period before release from prison, jail, or 
a juvenile facility for technology-based jobs and careers.
    (c) Reports.--Not later than the last day of each fiscal year, an 
entity that receives a grant under subsection (a) during the preceding 
fiscal year shall submit to the Attorney General a report that 
describes and assesses the uses of such grant during the preceding 
fiscal year.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

                         Subtitle C--Mentoring

SEC. 221. MENTORING GRANTS TO NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS.

    (a) Authority To Make Grants.--From amounts made available to carry 
out this section, the Attorney General shall make grants to nonprofit 
organizations for the purpose of providing mentoring and other 
transitional services essential to reintegrating offenders into the 
community.
    (b) Use of Funds.--Grant funds awarded under subsection (a) may be 
used for--
            (1) mentoring adult and juvenile offenders during 
        incarceration, through transition back to the community, and 
        post-release;
            (2) transitional services to assist in the reintegration of 
        offenders into the community; and
            (3) training regarding offender and victims issues.
    (c) Application; Priority Consideration.--
            (1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this section, a nonprofit organization shall submit an 
        application to the Attorney General based on criteria developed 
        by the Attorney General.
            (2) Priority consideration.--Priority consideration shall 
        be given to any application that--
                    (A) includes a plan to implement activities that 
                have been demonstrated effective in facilitating the 
                successful reentry of offenders; and
                    (B) provides for an independent evaluation that 
                includes, to the maximum extent feasible, random 
                assignment of offenders to program delivery and control 
                groups.
    (d) Strategic Performance Outcomes.--The Attorney General shall 
require each applicant under this section to identify specific 
performance outcomes related to the long-term goal of stabilizing 
communities by reducing recidivism (using a measure that is consistent 
with the research undertaken by the Bureau of Justice Statistics 
pursuant to section 241(b)(6)), and reintegrating offenders into 
society.
    (e) Reports.--Not later than the last day of each fiscal year, an 
entity that receives a grant under subsection (a) during the preceding 
fiscal year shall submit to the Attorney General a report that 
describes and assesses the uses of such grant during the preceding 
fiscal year and that identifies the progress of the grantee toward 
achieving its strategic performance outcomes.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Attorney General to carry out this section 
$15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 222. BUREAU OF PRISONS POLICY ON MENTORING CONTACTS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Director of the Bureau of Prisons shall, in order to 
promote stability and continued assistance to offenders after release 
from prison, adopt and implement a policy to ensure that persons who 
provide mentoring services to incarcerated offenders are permitted to 
continue such services after the offender is released from prison. The 
policy shall permit the continuation of such mentoring services unless 
the Director can demonstrate that such services would be a significant 
security risk to the offender, incarcerated offenders, persons who 
provide such services, or any other person.
    (b) Report.--Not later than September 30, 2008, the Director of the 
Bureau of Prisons shall submit to Congress a report on the extent to 
which the policy described in subsection (a) has been implemented and 
followed.

             Subtitle D--Administration of Justice Reforms

             CHAPTER 1--IMPROVING FEDERAL OFFENDER REENTRY

SEC. 231. FEDERAL PRISONER REENTRY PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--The Director of the Bureau of Prisons 
(hereinafter in this chapter referred to as the ``Director'') shall 
establish a prisoner reentry program (referred to in this section as 
the ``Program'') to prepare prisoners for release and successful 
reentry into the community.
    (b) Program Elements.--The Program shall provide for the following, 
in accordance with this section:
            (1) Voluntary enrollment.--Voluntary enrollment for 
        prisoners meeting enrollment criteria established by the 
        Director, provided such criteria provides that a prisoner may 
        not enroll in the Program any earlier than the first day of the 
        two-year period preceding the prisoner's expected release date.
            (2) Program phases.--An initial institutional phase, a 
        transitional institution phase, and a transitional community 
        phase under subsection (c), during each of which each prisoner 
        enrolled in the Program receives reentry education (as 
        described in subsection (e)).
            (3) Program incentives.--Program incentives described in 
        subsection (d) for prisoners meeting the phase requirements of 
        the Program.
    (c) Program Phases.--The Program shall include the following 
phases:
            (1) Initial institutional phase.--An initial institutional 
        phase for prisoners enrolled in the Program at each Federal 
        institution and, to the extent feasible, in an area set apart 
        from the general prison population.
            (2) Transitional institution phase.--A transitional 
        institution phase at each Federal institution for prisoners 
        that have completed the initial institutional phase but have 
        not yet been released or placed in pre-release custody.
            (3) Transitional community phase.--A transitional community 
        phase at each community corrections facility for prisoners that 
        have completed the initial institutional phase, have remained 
        eligible during the transitional institution phase, and have 
        been transferred to a community corrections facility.
    (d) Program Incentives.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (4), under the 
        Program a prisoner eligible under paragraph (2) for Program 
        incentives may receive any of the following incentives:
                    (A) Temporary release for reentry preparation 
                purposes.
                    (B) The maximum allowable period in a community 
                corrections facility.
                    (C) Early release, but not earlier than the date 
                that is one year before the prisoner's original 
                scheduled release.
                    (D) Such other incentives as the Director considers 
                appropriate.
            (2) Eligibility for incentives.--
                    (A) Initial institutional phase.--To be eligible 
                for Program incentives during the initial institutional 
                phase, a prisoner must successfully complete 500 hours 
                of reentry education before the end of the one-year 
                period beginning on the date of the prisoner's 
                enrollment in the Program.
                    (B) Transitional institution phase.--To remain 
                eligible for Program incentives during the transitional 
                institution phase, a prisoner must successfully 
                complete two hours of reentry education during each 
                month--
                            (i) beginning after the month the prisoner 
                        completes the initial institutional phase; and
                            (ii) ending before the month the prisoner 
                        is released or placed in pre-release custody.
                    (C) Transitional community phase.--To remain 
                eligible for Program incentives during the transitional 
                community phase, a prisoner must successfully complete 
                one hour of reentry education during each month--
                            (i) beginning after the month of the 
                        prisoner's transfer to a community corrections 
                        facility; and
                            (ii) ending before the month the prisoner 
                        is released.
            (3) Revocation of incentives.--If a prisoner fails to meet 
        the eligibility requirements to receive Program incentives 
        during a given phase of the Program, the Director may revoke 
        any Program incentive granted to the prisoner.
            (4) Limitations.--
                    (A) Considering public safety.--When considering 
                whether to grant a Program incentive to a prisoner, the 
                Director shall take into account the prisoner's 
                behavior while imprisoned and history of criminal 
                conduct to determine whether granting such incentive 
                would endanger the safety of the public.
                    (B) Ineligibility under other provision of law.--
                For purposes of this subsection, any prisoner who is 
                ineligible for a Program incentive by operation of any 
                other provision of law shall be ineligible for such 
                incentive.
    (e) Program Reentry Education.--For purposes of subsection (b)(2), 
reentry education shall include classes and activities designed to 
prepare prisoners for release and successful reentry into the 
community. Each such class or activity shall relate to one or more of 
the following categories:
            (1) Health and nutrition issues a prisoner may face after 
        release.
            (2) Finding employment and preparation for reentry and 
        assimilation into the workforce.
            (3) Dealing with personal money management and financial 
        planning.
            (4) Familiarization with available community resources, 
        including housing availability and public welfare benefits and 
        services.
            (5) Familiarization with release procedures, including 
        prisoner compliance with pre-release and release requirements.
            (6) Social skills, family relationships and development, 
        and relapse prevention.
    (f) Definition.--For purposes of this section and section 232, the 
term ``prisoner'' means an individual committed to the custody of the 
Bureau of Prisons under section 3621 of title 18, United States Code. 
Such term does not include an individual confined in a non-Federal 
facility.

SEC. 232. IDENTIFICATION AND RELEASE ASSISTANCE FOR FEDERAL PRISONERS.

    (a) Obtaining Identification.--The Director of the Bureau of 
Prisons shall assist prisoners in obtaining identification (including 
social security card, driver's license, or birth certificate) prior to 
release.
    (b) Assistance Developing Release Plan.--If a direct-release 
prisoner so requests, a representative of the United States Probation 
System shall, prior to the prisoner's release, help the prisoner 
develop a release plan.
    (c) Direct-Release Prisoner Defined.--In this section, the term 
``direct-release prisoner'' means a prisoner who is scheduled for 
release and will not be placed in pre-release custody.

SEC. 233. IMPROVED REENTRY PROCEDURES FOR FEDERAL PRISONERS.

    The Attorney General shall take such steps as are necessary to 
modify the procedures and policies of the Department of Justice with 
respect to the transition of offenders from the custody of the Bureau 
of Prisons to the community--
            (1) to enhance case planning and implementation of reentry 
        programs, policies, and guidelines; and
            (2) to improve such transition to the community, including 
        placement of such individuals in community corrections 
        facilities.

SEC. 234. DUTIES OF THE BUREAU OF PRISONS.

    (a) Duties of the Bureau of Prisons Expanded.--Section 4042(a) of 
title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (5), by striking the period and inserting 
        a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) provide for pre-release planning procedures for 
        prisoners to ensure eligibility for Federal and State benefits 
        upon release (including benefits under the old-age, survivors, 
        and disability insurance program under title II of the Social 
        Security Act, the supplemental security income program under 
        title XVI of such Act, the Medicare program under title XVIII 
        of such Act, the Medicaid program under title XIX of such Act, 
        and a program of the Department of Veterans Affairs under title 
        38) is established prior to release, subject to any limitations 
        in law;
            ``(7) include as part of the standard intake procedures for 
        offenders entering Federal custody the collection of 
        information regarding the dependent children of such an 
        offender, including the number, age, and residence of such 
        children;
            ``(8) ensure that all policies, practices, and facilities 
        of the Bureau of Prisons support the relationship between 
        parent and child; and
            ``(9) identify and address the training needs of employees 
        of the Bureau of Prisons with respect to the effect of 
        incarceration on children, families, and communities, age-
        appropriate interactions, and community resources for the 
        families of offenders.''.
    (b) Measuring the Removal of Obstacles to Reentry.--
            (1) Program required.--The Director shall carry out a 
        program under which each institution within the Bureau of 
        Prisons codes the reentry needs and deficits of inmates as 
        identified by an assessment tool that is used to produce an 
        individualized skills development plan for each inmate.
            (2) Tracking.--In carrying out the program under this 
        subsection, the Director shall quantitatively track, by 
        institution and Bureau-wide, the progress in responding to the 
        reentry needs and deficits of individual inmates.
            (3) Annual report.--On an annual basis, the Director shall 
        prepare and submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the 
        Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
        Representatives a report that documents the progress of each 
        institution within the Bureau, and of the Bureau as a whole, in 
        responding to the reentry needs and deficits of inmates. The 
        report shall be prepared in a manner that groups institutions 
        by security level to allow comparisons of similar institutions.
            (4) Evaluation.--The Director shall--
                    (A) implement a formal standardized process for 
                evaluating each institution's success in enhancing 
                skills and resources to assist in reentry; and
                    (B) ensure that--
                            (i) each institution is held accountable 
                        for low performance under such an evaluation; 
                        and
                            (ii) plans for corrective action are 
                        developed and implemented as necessary.
    (c) Measuring and Improving Recidivism Outcomes.--
            (1) Annual report required.--
                    (A) In general.--At the end of each fiscal year, 
                the Director shall submit to the Committee on the 
                Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the 
                Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report 
                containing the statistics demonstrating the relative 
                reduction in recidivism for inmates released by the 
                Bureau of Prisons within that fiscal year and the 2 
                prior fiscal years, comparing inmates who participated 
                in major inmate programs (including residential drug 
                treatment, vocational training, and prison industries) 
                with inmates who did not participate in such programs. 
                Such statistics shall be compiled separately for each 
                such fiscal year.
                    (B) Scope.--A report under this paragraph is not 
                required to include statistics for a fiscal year that 
                begins before the date of the enactment of this Act.
                    (C) Contents.--Each report under this section shall 
                provide the recidivism statistics for the Bureau of 
                Prisons as a whole, and separately for each institution 
                of the Bureau.
            (2) Measure used.--In preparing the reports required by 
        subsection (a), the Director shall, in consultation with the 
        Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, select a measure 
        for recidivism (such as rearrest, reincarceration, or any other 
        valid, evidence-based measure) that the Director considers 
        appropriate and that is consistent with the research undertaken 
        by the Bureau of Justice Statistics pursuant to section 
        241(b)(6).
            (3) Goals.--
                    (A) In general.--After the Director submits the 
                first report required by paragraph (1), the Director 
                shall establish goals for reductions in recidivism 
                rates and shall work to attain those goals.
                    (B) Contents.--The goals established under 
                subparagraph (A) shall use the relative reductions in 
                recidivism measured for the fiscal year covered by that 
                first report as a baseline rate, and shall include--
                            (i) a 5-year goal to increase, at a 
                        minimum, the baseline relative reduction rate 
                        by 2 percent within 5 fiscal years; and
                            (ii) a 10-year goal to increase, at a 
                        minimum, the baseline relative reduction rate 
                        by 5 percent within 10 fiscal years.
    (d) Format.--Any written information that the Bureau of Prisons 
provides to inmates for reentry planning purposes shall use common 
terminology and language.
    (e) Medical Care.--The Bureau of Prisons shall provide the United 
States Probation and Pretrial Services System with relevant information 
on the medical care needs and the mental health treatment needs of 
inmates scheduled for release from custody. The United States Probation 
and Pretrial Services System shall take this information into account 
when developing supervision plans in an effort to address the medical 
care and mental health care needs of such inmates. The Bureau of 
Prisons shall provide inmates with a sufficient amount of all necessary 
medications (which will normally consist of, at a minimum, a 2-week 
supply of such medications) upon release from custody.

SEC. 235. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR BUREAU OF PRISONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to the Director to carry 
out sections 231, 232, 233, and 234 of this chapter, $5,000,000 for 
each of the fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 236. ENCOURAGEMENT OF EMPLOYMENT OF FORMER PRISONERS.

    The Attorney General shall take such steps as are necessary to 
implement a program to educate employers about existing incentives for 
hiring former Federal, State, or local prisoners, including the Federal 
bonding program and tax credits.

SEC. 237. ELDERLY NONVIOLENT OFFENDER PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) Program Established.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding section 3624 of title 18, 
        United States Code, or any other provision of law, the Director 
        shall conduct a pilot program to determine the effectiveness of 
        removing each eligible elderly offender from a Bureau of Prison 
        facility and placing such offender on home detention until the 
        date on which the term of imprisonment to which the offender 
        was sentenced expires.
            (2) Timing of placement in home detention.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the pilot program 
                under paragraph (1), the Director shall--
                            (i) in the case of an offender who is 
                        determined to be an eligible elderly offender 
                        on or before the date specified in subparagraph 
                        (B), place such offender on home detention not 
                        later than 180 days after the date of the 
                        enactment of this Act; and
                            (ii) in the case of an offender who is 
                        determined to be an eligible elderly offender 
                        after the date specified in subparagraph (B) 
                        and before the date that is 3 years and 91 days 
                        after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
                        place such offender on home detention not later 
                        than 90 days after the date of such 
                        determination.
                    (B) Date specified.--For purposes of subparagraph 
                (A), the date specified in this subparagraph is the 
                date that is 90 days after the date of the enactment of 
                this Act.
            (3) Violation of terms of home detention.--A violation by 
        an eligible elderly offender of the terms of the home 
        detention, including the commission of another Federal, State, 
        or local crime, shall result in the removal of the offender 
        from home detention and the return of the offender to the 
        designated Bureau of Prisons institution in which the offender 
        was imprisoned immediately before placement on home detention 
        under paragraph (1).
    (b) Scope of Pilot Program.--
            (1) Participating designated facilities.--The pilot program 
        under subsection (a) shall be conducted through at least 1 
        Bureau of Prisons institution designated by the Director as 
        appropriate for the pilot program.
            (2) Duration.--The pilot program shall be conducted during 
        each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.
    (c) Program Evaluation.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall contract with an 
        independent organization to monitor and evaluate the progress 
        of each eligible elderly offender placed on home detention 
        under subsection (a)(1) for the period such offender is on home 
        detention during the duration described in subsection (b)(2).
            (2) Annual report.--The organization described in paragraph 
        (1) shall annually submit to the Director and to Congress a 
        report on the pilot program under subsection (a)(1), which 
        shall include--
                    (A) an evaluation of the effectiveness of the pilot 
                program in providing a successful transition for 
                eligible elderly offenders from incarceration to the 
                community, including data relating to the recidivism 
                rates for such offenders; and
                    (B) the cost savings to the Federal Government 
                resulting from the early removal of such offenders from 
                incarceration.
            (3) Program adjustments.--Upon review of the report 
        submitted under paragraph (2), the Director shall submit 
        recommendations to Congress for adjustments to the pilot 
        program, including its expansion to additional facilities.
    (d) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible elderly offender.--The term ``eligible elderly 
        offender'' means an offender in the custody of the Bureau of 
        Prisons who--
                    (A) is not less than 60 years of age;
                    (B) is serving a term of imprisonment after 
                conviction for an offense other than a crime of 
                violence and has served the greater of 10 years or \1/
                2\ of the term of imprisonment;
                    (C) has not been convicted in the past of any 
                Federal or State crime of violence;
                    (D) has not been determined by the Bureau of 
                Prisons, on the basis of information the Bureau uses to 
                make custody classifications, and in the sole 
                discretion of the Bureau, to have a history of 
                violence; and
                    (E) has not escaped, or attempted to escape, from a 
                Bureau of Prisons institution.
            (2) Home detention.--The term ``home detention'' has the 
        same meaning given the term in the Federal Sentencing 
        Guidelines, and includes detention in a nursing home or other 
        residential long-term care facility.
            (3) Term of imprisonment.--The term ``term of 
        imprisonment'' includes multiple terms of imprisonment ordered 
        to run consecutively or concurrently, which shall be treated as 
        a single, aggregate term of imprisonment for purposes of this 
        section.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

                      CHAPTER 2--REENTRY RESEARCH

SEC. 241. OFFENDER REENTRY RESEARCH.

    (a) National Institute of Justice.--From amounts made available to 
carry out this Act, the National Institute of Justice may conduct 
research on juvenile and adult offender reentry, including--
            (1) a study identifying the number and characteristics of 
        minor children who have had a parent incarcerated, and the 
        likelihood of such minor children becoming involved in the 
        criminal justice system some time in their lifetime;
            (2) a study identifying a mechanism to compare rates of 
        recidivism (including rearrest, violations of parole, 
        probation, post-incarceration supervision, and reincarceration) 
        among States; and
            (3) a study on the population of offenders released from 
        custody who do not engage in recidivism and the characteristics 
        (housing, employment, treatment, family connection) of that 
        population.
    (b) Bureau of Justice Statistics.--From amounts made available to 
carry out this Act, the Bureau of Justice Statistics may conduct 
research on offender reentry, including--
            (1) an analysis of special populations, including prisoners 
        with mental illness or substance abuse disorders, female 
        offenders, juvenile offenders, offenders with limited English 
        proficiency, and the elderly, that present unique reentry 
        challenges;
            (2) studies to determine who is returning to prison, jail, 
        or a juvenile facility and which of those returning prisoners 
        represent the greatest risk to victims and community safety;
            (3) annual reports on the profile of the population coming 
        out of prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities;
            (4) a national recidivism study every 3 years;
            (5) a study of parole, probation, or post-incarceration 
        supervision violations and revocations; and
            (6) a study concerning the most appropriate measure to be 
        used when reporting recidivism rates (whether rearrest, 
        reincarceration, or any other valid, evidence-based measure).

SEC. 242. GRANTS TO STUDY PAROLE OR POST-INCARCERATION SUPERVISION 
              VIOLATIONS AND REVOCATIONS.

    (a) Grants Authorized.--From amounts made available to carry out 
this section, the Attorney General may award grants to States to study 
and to improve the collection of data with respect to individuals whose 
parole or post-incarceration supervision is revoked, and which such 
individuals represent the greatest risk to victims and community 
safety.
    (b) Application.--As a condition of receiving a grant under this 
section, a State shall--
            (1) certify that the State has, or intends to establish, a 
        program that collects comprehensive and reliable data with 
        respect to individuals described in subsection (a), including 
        data on--
                    (A) the number and type of parole or post-
                incarceration supervision violations that occur with 
                the State;
                    (B) the reasons for parole or post-incarceration 
                supervision revocation;
                    (C) the underlying behavior that led to the 
                revocation; and
                    (D) the term of imprisonment or other penalty that 
                is imposed for the violation; and
            (2) provide the data described in paragraph (1) to the 
        Bureau of Justice Statistics, in a form prescribed by the 
        Bureau.
    (c) Analysis.--Any statistical analysis of population data under 
this section shall be conducted in accordance with the Federal Register 
Notice dated October 30, 1997, relating to classification standards.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 243. ADDRESSING THE NEEDS OF CHILDREN OF INCARCERATED PARENTS.

    (a) Best Practices.--The Attorney General shall collect data and 
develop best practices of State corrections departments and child 
protection agencies relating to the communication and coordination 
between such State departments and agencies to ensure the safety and 
support of children of incarcerated parents (including those in foster 
care and kinship care), and the support of parent-child relationships 
between incarcerated (and formerly incarcerated) parents and their 
children, as appropriate to the health and well-being of the children. 
Such best practices shall include information related to policies, 
procedures, and programs that may be used by States to address--
            (1) maintenance of the parent-child bond during 
        incarceration;
            (2) parental self-improvement; and
            (3) parental involvement in planning for the future and 
        well-being of their children.
    (b) Dissemination to States.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall disseminate to 
States and other relevant entities the best practices described in 
subsection (a).
    (c) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that States and 
other relevant entities should use the best practices developed and 
disseminated in accordance with this section to evaluate and improve 
the communication and coordination between State corrections 
departments and child protection agencies to ensure the safety and 
support of children of incarcerated parents (including those in foster 
care and kinship care), and the support of parent-child relationships 
between incarcerated (and formerly incarcerated) parents and their 
children, as appropriate to the health and well-being of the children.

            CHAPTER 3--CORRECTIONAL REFORMS TO EXISTING LAW

SEC. 251. CLARIFICATION OF AUTHORITY TO PLACE PRISONER IN COMMUNITY 
              CORRECTIONS.

    (a) Pre-Release Custody.--
            (1) Amendment.--Section 3624(c) of title 18, United States 
        Code, is amended to read as follows:
    ``(c) Pre-Release Custody.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Bureau of Prisons 
        shall, to the extent practicable, ensure that a prisoner 
        serving a term of imprisonment spends a portion of the final 
        months of such term (not to exceed 12 months), under conditions 
        that will afford the prisoner a reasonable opportunity to 
        adjust to and prepare for the prisoner's reentry into the 
        community. Such conditions may include a community correctional 
        facility.
            ``(2) Home confinement authority.--The authority provided 
        by this subsection may be used to place a prisoner in home 
        confinement for the last 10 percent of the term of imprisonment 
        or the final 6 months of such term, whichever is shorter.
            ``(3) Assistance.--The United States Probation System 
        shall, to the extent practicable, offer assistance to a 
        prisoner during such pre-release custody.
            ``(4) No limitations.--Nothing in this subsection shall be 
        construed to limit or restrict the authority of the Director of 
        the Bureau of Prisons granted under section 3621 of this title.
            ``(5) Reporting.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Second Chance Act of 2007 (and every year 
        thereafter), the Director of the Bureau of Prisons shall 
        transmit to the Committees on the Judiciary of the Senate and 
        the House of Representatives a report describing the Bureau's 
        utilization of community corrections facilities. Such report 
        shall set forth the number and percentage of Federal prisoners 
        placed in community corrections facilities during the preceding 
        year, the average length of such placements, trends in such 
        utilization, the reasons some prisoners are not placed in 
        community corrections facilities, and any other information 
        that may be useful to the committees in determining if the 
        Bureau is utilizing community corrections facilities in an 
        effective manner.
            ``(6) Issuance of regulations.--Not later than 90 days 
        after the date of enactment of the Second Chance Act of 2007, 
        the Director of Bureau of Prisons shall issue regulations 
        pursuant to this subsection, which shall include modifications 
        to section 570.21 of the Bureau's regulations (28 C.F.R. 
        570.21), to ensure that such section is in accordance with the 
        provisions of this subsection.''.
            (2) Applicability of amendment.--The amendment made by this 
        subsection shall apply with respect to any prisoner who--
                    (A) is serving a term of imprisonment on the date 
                of enactment of this Act;
                    (B) has been sentenced to a term of imprisonment 
                before the date of enactment of this Act, but who has 
                not begun to serve such sentence on such date of 
                enactment; or
                    (C) is sentenced to a term of imprisonment on or 
                after the date of enactment of this Act.
    (b) Courts May Not Require a Sentence of Imprisonment To Be Served 
in a Community Corrections Facility.--Section 3621(b) of title 18, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: 
``Any order, recommendation, or request by a sentencing court that a 
convicted person serve a term of imprisonment in a community 
corrections facility has no binding effect on the discretionary 
authority of the Bureau under this section to determine or change the 
place of imprisonment of that person.''.

SEC. 252. RESIDENTIAL DRUG ABUSE PROGRAM IN FEDERAL PRISONS.

    Section 3621(e)(5)(A) of title 18, United States Code, is amended 
by striking ``means a course of'' and all that follows and inserting 
the following: ``means a course of individual and group activities and 
treatment, lasting at least 6 months, in residential treatment 
facilities set apart from the general prison population, which may 
include the use of pharmocotherapies, where appropriate, that may 
extend beyond the 6-month period;''.

SEC. 253. MEDICAL CARE FOR PRISONERS.

    Section 3621 of title 18, United States Code, is further amended by 
adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(g) Continued Access to Medical Care.--
            ``(1) In general.--In order to ensure a minimum standard of 
        health and habitability, the Bureau of Prisons shall ensure 
        that each prisoner in a community confinement facility has 
        access to necessary medical care, mental health care, and 
        medicine.
            ``(2) Definition.--In this subsection, the term `community 
        confinement' has the meaning given that term in the application 
        notes under section 5F1.1 of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines 
        Manual, as in effect on the date of the enactment of the Second 
        Chance Act of 2007.''.

SEC. 254. CONTRACTING FOR SERVICES FOR POST-CONVICTION SUPERVISION 
              OFFENDERS.

    Section 3672 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
inserting after the third sentence in the seventh paragraph the 
following new sentence: ``He also shall have the authority to contract 
with any appropriate public or private agency or person to monitor and 
provide services to any offender in the community, including treatment, 
equipment and emergency housing, corrective and preventative guidance 
and training, and other rehabilitative services designed to protect the 
public and promote the successful reentry of the offender into the 
community.''.
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