J. S33003/15

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION – SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA :

:

IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF

PENNSYLVANIA

v. :

:

KELVIN MONTERO, : No. 452 EDA 2014

:

 Appellant :

Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence, September 10, 2013,

in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County

Criminal Division at No. CP-51-CR-0000977-2012

BEFORE: FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E. DONOHUE AND LAZARUS, JJ. 

MEMORANDUM BY FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E.: FILED JULY 08, 2015

Kelvin Montero appeals from the judgment of sentence entered on 

September 10, 2013 in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County. 

The sole claim presented on appeal concerns whether the prosecutor 

committed misconduct during the Commonwealth’s closing argument. No 

relief is due. 

Saul Rodriguez and his companion stopped appellant from physically 

abusing his girlfriend at the Puerto Rican Day Parade at 5th and Cambria 

Streets. Appellant and his cohort, John Perez, fought with Rodriguez and 

then left the area, returning several hours later with a loaded 

semi-automatic weapon. After failing to find Rodriguez, appellant opened 

fire into the street in several directions; approximately 30 shots were fired. 

Jesus Rivera, a 16-year-old bystander, was struck by two errant bullets and 
J. S33003/15

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died of gunshot wounds. The defense presented alibi testimony averring 

that appellant was at his girlfriend’s home at the time of the shooting. 

Following a jury trial, appellant was convicted of conspiracy to commit 

murder.1 Appellant was sentenced to a period of incarceration of 18 to 40 

years. Appellant filed a timely post-sentence motion, which was denied on 

January 14, 2014. On February 8, 2014 this appeal was filed. 

Again, appellant argues that the trial court erred by denying his 

request for a mistrial based on prosecutorial misconduct. (Appellant’s brief 

at 4.) He claims that the prosecution’s repeated comments during closing 

argument that the alibi witnesses were lying created a fixed bias with the 

jury. 

In its Rule 1925(a) opinion, the trial court finds appellant’s claim 

concerning the use of the term “lying” to be waived for failing to specify this 

ground as a basis of his motion for a mistrial. The trial court explains that 

the defense request for a mistrial identified the basis for the motion as the 

prosecutor’s alleged expression of “personal opinion.” (See notes of 

testimony, 7/19/13 at 105.) During the motion for the mistrial, defense 

counsel subsequently referenced the “objections that you sustained”; but 

 

1 The jury failed to reach verdicts as to the charges of first degree murder, 

carrying a firearm without a license, and possessing an instrument of crime; 

thus, the Honorable M. Teresa Sarmina declared a mistrial as to those 

charges. A second trial resulted in convictions as to all three crimes. 

Appellant’s separate appeal from those judgments of sentence are pending 

before this court at No. 1452 EDA 2014. 
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again, did not specifically identify “lying” as an additional ground for the 

motion. As the Commonwealth notes, “[i]t was instead [The Honorable M. 

Teresa Sarmina] who referred to ‘lying’ when differentiating the ‘sustained’ 

objections from the remarks supposedly based on ‘personal opinion’ that 

were advanced as the ground for the motion.” (Commonwealth’s brief at 9, 

citing notes of testimony, 7/19/13 at 89, 91, 95, 106.) We agree that this 

issue could be found waived for failing to explicitly identify lying as a basis

for the mistrial motion. 

In any event, if we were to address appellant's challenge, he would 

not be entitled to relief. After a thorough review of the record, the briefs of 

the parties, the applicable law, and the well-reasoned opinion of the trial 

court, it is our determination that there is no merit to the question raised on 

appeal. We determine that Judge Sarmina ably and comprehensively 

disposes of appellant’s claims in her Rule 1925(a) opinion; thus, we will 

adopt it as our own and affirm on that basis. (See trial court opinion, 

5/7/14 at 5-11.) 

Judgment of sentence affirmed. 

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.

Prothonotary

Date: 7/8/2015
2 The figh1 had occurred on September 25, 2011 at the Puerto Rican Day Parade. N.T. 7 /16/2013 at 200-201. TI1e 

festivities had carried on past midnight, into the 261h, when this shooting took place. li at 150-152. 

1 18 Pa.C.S. § 903. The defendant had been charged with four crimes: murder, conspiracy ro commit murder, firearms 

not to be carried without a license, and possessing instruments of crime (PIC). Notes of Testimony (N.T.) 7 /22/2013 at 

52. The jury could not reach a verdict with respect to three of the four charges - murder, firearms not to be carried 

without a license and PIC - and a mistrial was declared as to those. W,. The defendant was re-tried for those three 

crimes in December 2013, and was convicted of all three. N.T. 12/20/2013 at 43-44. Post sentence motions were 

denied as to those charges on April 23, 2014. 

from the gunshot wounds. Id. at 154; N.T. 7 /17 /2013 at 23. 

152. A 16-year-old boy, Jesus Rivera Qcsus), was struck by two of defendant's errant shots and died 

shooting approximately 30 shots down the street Notes of Testimony (N.T.) 7 /16/2013 at 150- 

him, on September: 26, 2011) the defendant opened fire at the corner of 5th and Cambria Streets, 

After searching for a man with whom he had fought earlier in the day2 and failing to find 

FACTS 

this Court on January 14, 2014. On February 8, 2014, a timely notice of appeal was filed. 

imprisonment. On September 17, 2013, post-sentence motions were filed, which were denied by 

date this Court sentenced the defendant to a term of not less than 18 years nor more than 40 years 

conspiracy to commit murder (F-1).1 Sentencing was deferred until September 10, 2013, on which 

On July 22, 2013, following a jury trial, Kelvin Montero (the defendant) was found guilty of 

PROCEDURAL HISTORY 

OPINION 

Sarmina,J. 

May 7, 2014 

Superior Court No. 

452 EDA2014 

v. MAY O '1 20\4: 

Criminal Appeals Unit 

KELVIN MONTERO First Judic\a\ Oistnct ot PA 

CP-51-CR-0000977-2012 FILED 

COMMONWEALTH 

PHILADELPHIA COURT OF COMMON PLEAS 

CRIMINAL TRIAL DMSION 

., 

. I 

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i Perez was initially charged as a co-defendanr. Price to jury selection, on .July 15, 2013, Perez entered a negotiated guilty 

plea to murder of the third degree (F-1), criminal conspiracy (F-1), and persons not to possess firearms (F-2). 18 Pa.C.S. 

§§ 2502(c), 903, and 6 lOS(a)(l), respectively; N .T. 7 /15/2013 at 26. Per the negotiations, this Court sentenced Perez to 

an aggregate term of not less than 22-and-a-half years nor more than 45 years imprisonment. N.T. 7 /15/2013 at 30. 

4 Rodriguez provided a statement about this encounter to Detective Joseph Bamberski. When Rodriguez was called to 

testify, he recanted hrs prior statement. N.T. 7 /17 /2013 at 122-125. Rodriguez confirmed that be signed and adopted 

his prior statement. Id. Accordingly, Rodriguez's account of the events of September 25, 2011 was admitted for its truth 

pursua.at to Commonwealth y. Brady, 71 A.2d 34, 36 (Pa.Super. 1987) ~; Commonwealth v. Lively, 703 A.2d 467 

(Pa.Super, 1997) ~), and their progeny. 

l Angel Ducvo's nickname is "Abo." N.T. 7 /16/2013 at 203. 

7 /17 /2013 at 142. One of the people with whom the defendant spoke, Angel Figueroa, testified 

Streets wearing black hoodies, looking for Rodriguez and his friends. N.T. 7 /16/2013 at 207; N.T. 

Later that night, around 12:00 AM, the defendant and Perez returned to 5th and Cambria 

exited the vehicle, and confronted Rodriguez, who abandoned his pursuit. Id. 

pursued the defendant During the chase, John Perez (Perez)' arrived on the scene in a red truck, 

Id. at 134-135. The defendant then ran away, mounted a bike, and rode off. Id. at 136. Rodriguez 

speaking with the girls, the defendant became angry, returned to the car, and punched Rodriguez. 

Rodriguez approached the car and spoke with the girls therein. Id. at 134. Upon seeing Rodriguez 

At some point thereafter, the defendant exited the car. As the defendant walked away, 

7 /17 /2013 at 133. 

police broke up the .fight, and the defendant and Vasquez retreated to Vasquez's mother's car. N.T. 

133. A fight broke out between the defendant and Ducvo. N.T. 7 /16/2013 at .204. Eventually, the 

the defendant strike Vasquez and came to her defense." N.T. 7 /16/2013 at 202; N.T. 7 /17 /2013 at 

201-202; N.T. 7 /17 /2013 at 132-133. Angel Ducvo (Ducvo)3 and Saul Rodriguez (Rodriguez) saw 

her down the street, pushed her head into a gate, and slapped her .in the face. N.T. 7 /16/2013 at 

200-201; N.T. 7 /17 /2013 at 132. The defendant forcibly removed Vasquez from the car, walked 

Vasquez (Vasquez), seated in a car at the c.orner of 5th and Cambria Streets. N.T. 7 /16/2013 at 

At approximately 8:30 PM the previous evening, the defendant found his girlfriend, Cynthia 

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9 For ease of disposition, this Court has rephrased the issues raised in the defendant's S la ternent of Matters Complained 

of on Appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 192S(b) (l 92S(b) Starcmcnt). 

• Associate Medical Examiner, Dr. Aaron Rosen, testified that one of the bullets penetrated the right side of Jesus's body 

below his armpit, This bullet passed through the thoracic cavity and J esus's right rung, causing internal bleeding. Dr. 

Rosen stared that the other bullet was retrieved in the upper right arm and fractured Jesus's humerus. N.T. 7 / 17 /?JJ13 

ar 25-27. The cause of death was determined to be the gunshot wounds. l.ri. at 24. 

· 7 At the: crime scene, 30 fired cartridge casings (FCCs) were found. At 12:40 AM Officer Brian Waters responded to a 

call on 5th and Cambria Streets to look for a burgundy Ford P-150 pickup truck. N,T. 7 /16/2013 at 110. Officer 

Waters stopped the truck, which was being driven by Perez. ld· at 112-116. The Ford pick-up was taken in to the police 

station as evidence. N.T. 7 /17 /2013 at 71. A later search of the truck revealed a Glock 9lv1M handgun on the right side 

of the: front dashboard. Id. at 79. TI1e search also uncovered court documents with Perez's and the defendant's names. 

Additionally, two handgun magazines were found: one empty 30-round magazine and another full 15-round magazine. 

hi. at 80; N.T. 7 /18/2013 at 115-116. Officer Lawrence Flagler, a ballistics expert, determined that all 30 FCC's were 

fired from the 9mm handgun found in that truck. N.T. 7/17/2013 at 242. 

6 Keyshla Rivera, Jesus's sister, identified the defendant as the shooter. N.T. 7 /16/2013 at 168. Ducvo identified the 

defendant as the shooter pursuant to a photo array compiled by the police. N.T. 7 /17 /2013 at 196-97. During the 

shooting, Ducvo did not actually sec the shooter's face, but he was able to recognize the defendant as the shooter based 

on their earlier encounter, wherein the two had engaged in the fistfight. N.T. 7 /16/20'13 at 204; N.T. 7 /17 /2013 at 195- 

197. Ducvo's prior statement was also admitted for its truth pursuant to~/~. 

1. The verdict was against the weight of the evidence. 

The defendant raises the following issues on appeal:" 

LEGAL ANALYSIS 

103-04. 

defendant on the second floor of a home in the Hunting Park neighborhood of Philadelphia. Id. at 

had been issued N.T. 7 /17 /2013 at 95-97. On November 1, 2011, Detective Burke found the 

The search for the defendant commenced on September 28, 2011, after an arrest warrant 

to his right arm, and fell to the ground.8 Id. at 154; N.T. 7 /17 /2013 at 25-27. 

Jesus could get to safety, he was struck by two bullets, one to the right side of his torso and another 

150. Keyshla and her 16-year-old brothcr,Jesus, tried to run for cover. gl at 155-56. But before 

that the defendant was "shooting all crazy like everywhere and bullets was going everywhere." Id. at 

opened fire, shooting 30 times in all directions," Id. at 95, l 50. Keyshla Rivera (Keyshla) testified 

that he possessed a gun. N.T. 7 /16/2013 at 208. After speaking with Figueroa, the defendant" 

that while the defendant was searching for Rodriguez, he was reaching to his waist as if to indicate 

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10 In his t925(b) Statement, the defendant claims thar this Courr erred by refusing to grant the defendant's motion for 

arrest of judgment, as the verdict was the result of prosecutorial misconduct, "wherein the prosecutor said, in spite of 

the Court sustaining defense objection, at least seven (7) rimes that the alibi witnesses where [sic] lying. ·(See 7-19-13 

N.T., p. 77, 88, 93, 95)." 1925(b.) Staternem, 3/ 4/2014, at 1-2. There are two issues with this claim of error. First, 

defense counsel made a motion for a mistrial, not ll motion for arrest of judgment. N.T. 7 /19 /2013 at 105. In fact, a 

motion for arrest of judgment would be an improper vehicle to raise a claim of prosecurorial misconduct. No judgment 

had yet been enrcred so none could be arrested. The appropriate mechanism to challenge. prosecurorial misconduct is 

through a motion for mistrial. ~ Pa.R.Crim.P 605(B) ("When an event prejudicial to the defendant occurs during tnal 

only the defendant may move for a mistrial"). Second, defense counsel's motion for a mistrial was not based on the 

prosecutor's repeated contention that alibi wrtnesses were lying "in spite of the Court sustaining defense objection." 

Defense counsel specified that he moved for a mistrial because of"repeated expressions of personal - the prosecutor's 

personal opinion". N.T. 7 / 19 /2013 at 105. The defendant's claim that the prosecutor ignored sustained objections has 

been waived 5" Commonwealth y. Duffy, 832 A.2d 1132, 1136 (Pa.Super. 2003)("[A]n Appellant may not raise a new 

theory for an objection made at trial on his appeal."). This Court will address the claim of prosecutorial misconduct that 

was preserved at trial: that the prosecutor improperly inserted her personal opinion into bet closing argument. 

permit review," his claim has been waived. 

against the weight of the evidence. As the defendant's weight of the evidence claim is "too vague to 

here, the defendant provides this Court with no justification as to why or how the verdict was 

weight of the evidence as to the charge of criminal conspiracy to commit murder." As in Sieber!, 

In the case sub Judice, the defendant's 1925(b) Statement reads, "The verdict was against the 

penmt . revie. w " . _Id 6" . at ~- 

The Superior Court found that the defendant's weight of the evidence claim was "too vague to 

"The verdict of the jury was against the weight of the credible evidence as to all the charges." Id. 

v. Seibert, 799 A.2d 54, 62 (Pa.Super 2002). In Seibert, the defendant's 1925(b) Statement stated, 

the burden to specify why or how the verdict is against the weight of the evidence. Commonwealth 

When raising a claim that the verdict is against the weight of the evidence, a defendant bears 

waived. 

murder was against the weight of the evidence. For the reasons set forth below, this claim has been 

The defendant's first claim is that t.he verdict as to the charge of conspiracy to commit 

Weight of the Evidence 

2 The evidence was insufficient co sustain a conviction for criminal conspiracy to commit 

murder. 

3. The trial court erred by refusing to grant the defendant's motion for a mistrial." 

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Su.iiciency of the Evidence 

The defendant's second claim is that the evidence was not sufficient to sustain a verdict for 

conspiracy to commit murder. This claim has also been waived. 

When reviewing a sufficiency claim, the court must "examine whether the evidence admitted 

at trial, and all reasonable inferences drawn therefrom, viewed in a light most favorable to the 

Commonwealth as verdict winner, support the jury's finding of all elements of the offense beyond a 

reasonable doubt." Commonwealth v. Montalvo, 598 A.2d 926, 932 (Pa.Super. 2008). However, a 

sufficiency of the evidence claim is waived if the 1925(b) Statement fails "to specify the element or 

elements upon which the evidence was insufficient" Commonwealth v. Williams, 958 A.2d 1252, 

1257 (Pa.Super. 2008). 

In the present case, the defendant stated only that "the evidence was insufficient to support 

the verdict of guilty as to the charge of criminal conspiracy to commit murder." The defendant 

makes no assertions as to why the evidence was insufficient, nor does he point to any element that 

the prosecution failed to prove. Therefore, due to lack of specificity in his 1925(b) Statement, the 

defendant's sufficiency claim is waived. 

Prosecutoriel Misconduct 

The defendant's final claim is that this Court erred by denying defense counsel's motion for 

mistrial on the grounds that the prosecutor committed prosecutorial misconduct. After the 

prosecutor's closing argument, defense counsel moved for a mistrial because of "repeated 

expressions of personal - the prosecutor's personal opinion." N.T. 7 / 19 /2013 at 105-06. This 

Court correctly denied defense counsel's motion, as the prosecutor did not proffer an improper 

personal opinion and, furthermore, the prosecutor's comments did not deprive the defendant of a 

fair and impartial trial. 

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stated 

the evidence introduced at trial. 407 A.2d 870, 873 (Pa.Super, 1979). In closing, the prosecutor had 

of "I think," and found that preface to be permissible where the subsequent inference was based on 

on Commonwealth v. Gunderman, in which the Superior Court similarly analyzed a prosecutor's use 

Id. at 499, quoting Commonwealth v. Martin, 416 A.2d 1102, 1104 (Pa.Super. 1979). Stafford relied 

but rather was intending to "'urge the jury to make a fair inference from the facts adduced at trial.": 

improper, as the prosecutor was "not attempting to express his personal belief as to the evidence," 

The Staffqrd Court held that the prosecutor's use of "I think" and "We think" was not 

Id. at 498 n.8. 

"I don't think that the fact that we didn't find greenhouses supports the proposition that Mr. 

Walburn was trying to set anyone up and I think the evidence suggests - [Objection]." At 

another point, he argued "I don't think there's any evidence that makes any paint cans or 

odor of paint or anything significant here ... [Objection]." At a third point, the prosecutor 

argued "we think that he possessed that controlled substance there with intent to 

manufacture, based- [Objection]." 

there made the following remarks: 

statements about the evidence introduced at trial with, "I think" ot "We think." Id. The prosecutor 

Stafford, 749 A.2d 489, 498-99 (Pa.Super, 2000). In Stafford, the prosecutor prefaced a number of 

based on the facts introduced at trial and the "legitimate inferences" therefrom. Commonwealth v. 

misconduct .J.illh, 978 A.2d at 1020. It is well settled that a prosecutor's closing argument must be 

A prosecutor's expression of his or her personal opinion during summation constitutes 

degree of resulting prejudice. Id. 

granted, a trial court must (a) analyze whether misconduct actually occurred, and (b) assess the 

Judy, 978 A.2d 1015, 1019 (Pa.Super. 2009). When determining whether a mistrial should be 

"may be reasonably said to deprive the defendant of a fair and impartial trial." Commonwealth v. 

A trial court is vested with discretion to grant a mistrial when an allegedly prejudicial event 

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such a nature that its unavoidable effect is to deprive the appellant of a fair and impartial tribunal." 

(Pa.Super, 2009). A mist.rial is an extreme remedy that will only be granted "when an incident is of 

evidence objectively and reaching a true verdict. Commonwealth v. Harris, 979 A.2d 387, 398-99 

will not warrant a mistrial unless its unavoidable effect is to tender the jury incapable of weighing the 

standards" and "overstep [s] the acceptable balance of the principles of summation," that statement 

be viewed in a vacuum; even where a prosecutor's statement "excecd[s] the acceptable bounds and 

Commonwealth v. Ragland, 991 A.2d 336, 341 (Pa.Super. 2010). Each isolated comment should not 

Assessing the degree of prejudice requires evaluating a prosecutor's statements in context. 

still evaluate the prejudice exacted by the misconduct in order to decide whether to grant a mistrial. 

In situations where a prosecutor has, in fact, made an improper statement, a trial court must 

evidence. This type of argument is permissible." hi. 

prosecutor believed appellant to be guilty; rather, the prosecutor argued an inference based upon the 

"The prosecutor did not argue that the jury should find appellant guilty simply because the 

Gunderman's wife had realized she sounded incredible, and tailored her testimony accordingly. 

was not with her husband 'twenty-four hours a day.' Based on that, the prosecutor argued that Mt. 

were together for a significant period of time; she later retreated from that statement, noting that she 

out that Mr. Gunderman's wife originally made a statement suggesting that she and her husband 

credibility was a proper inference based on the evidence before the jury. The prosecutor pointed 

The Gunderman Court found that the prosecutor's statement about Mr. Gunderman's wife's 

Id. (emphasis added). 

Who has a greater interest, other than Mr. Gunderman, in the results of this case? I submit 

to you that it is his wife. She also tells us that he was with her from two o'clock in the 

morning or two o'clock in the afternoon until morning. I think she began to see just how 

difficult that might be to believe when she said 'I don't mean twenty-four hours a 

day, though.' Again, does she mean from the first day of her pregnancy or that she knew 

she was pregnant? Did he become such a concerned father-to-be that at that point, he 

began spending every solid day with her? Test her interest. Test her testimony and her 

demeanor on the stand. 

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At trial, Bobe also claimed that the defendant was present inside the A Stteet residence on 

the night of the murder. Bobe testified that she slept on the sofa inside the home and would have 

known if the defendant had left. Id, at 309. On cross-examination, the prosecutor introduced 

evidence of Bobe's close relationship with the defendant: Bobe had received money from the 

defendant in the past to pay for gas; on July 27, 2011, after his arrest on an unrelated charge, Bobe 

posted bail for the defendant - $510 - to get him out of jail. Id. at 325-33. Bobe also permitted the 

defendant to sleep overnight in the same room with her underage daughter. N.T. 7 /18/2013 at 325- 

33. 

197-200. 

Commonwealth v. Johnson, 719 A.2d 778, 787 (Pa.Super. 1998); ill ihQ Commonwealth v. Chmiel, 

889A.2d 501, 542 (Pa. 2005) ("[P]rosecutorial misconduct does not occur unless the unavoidable 

effect of the comments at issue was to prejudice the jurors by forming in their minds a fixed bias 

and hostility toward the defendant, thus impeding their ability to weigh the evidence objectively and 

render a true verdict."). 

In the case sub Judice, defense counsel moved for a mistrial on the grounds that the 

prosecutor improperly asserted her personal opinion. As noted below, because the prosecutor made 

permissible inferences rooted in evidence, her comments did not constitute misconduct. 

At trial, the defendant called his former girlfriend, Vasquez, and her mother, Jeanette Bobe 

(Bobe), as alibi witnesses. N.T. 7 /18/2013 at 170, 300. Vasquez, who was only 16 years old at the 

time of the shooting, was living with Bobe at 3420 A Stteet in Philadelphia. Id. at 206. Vasquez 

testified that, on the night of the shooting, the defendant slept beside her in her mother's house for 

the entire night. Id. at 177. The prosecutor impeached Vasquez with a prior statement that she had 

given to police on January 25, 2012: Vasquez had told police that the defendant drove his car from 

her house on the night of the shooting and that she did not see him again until the next day. Id. at 

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ADA DONNELLY: Ladies and gentlemen, it's the evidence that all points to this 

defendant from the witnesses who were at that scene. And guess what, if all these witnesses 

see this defendant come back now all tough because he's got that gun, guess where he can't 

be? With his girlfriend and her mom back at their house at 3420 A Street, okay. So 

somebody is lying. Who do you think is lying? 

These witnesses either the day of within hours or within a couple of days went down and 

told everything that they knew. And again, Angel Ducvo, you can't get around this, he 

knows him, it's not a stranger. And even the other people, they recognize 'the defendant 

from the earlier fight, the whole motive of the incident. 

So who is lying? Them or the people that have a motive to lie, his girlfriend and the 

girlfriend's mom who don't want to see him get in trouble, who never gave a statement to 

the detectives about th.is alleged alibi - 

MR. TURNER: Objection, Your Honor. 

THE COURT: Sustained. 

ADA DONNELLY: - who got on the stand and sounded scripted. Ladies and gentlemen, 

human nature has to come into this when you're evaluating these witnesses, human nature 

and common sense. Cynthia Vasquez when she got up there, she didn't turn to you and say, 

ladies and gentlemen, listen, I'm telling you, he was with me, he was there. I don't even 

think she wanted to be up there. It was pretty clear who was running the show here, and 

that was her mom. 

THE COURT: Don't express your personal opinions, Ms. Donnelly. 

MR TURNER: Objection. 

ADA DONNELLY: When you saw het mom testify, can you tell that there's something 

else going on here? Do you think it's unusual that this mom bails out her 16-year-old 

daughter's boyfriend from prison? 

MR. TURNER: Objection, Your Honor. 

THE COURT: Overruled. 

ADA DONNELLY: Do you think that it's unusual that two months after she bails out her 

. 16-year-old daughter's boyfriend she's allowing him to come to her house and sleep in her 

daughter's bed? Someone whose husband got killed nine 'months earlier who is a drug 

dealer? Someone who she admits that her husband is associates with J oho Perez, the getaway driver in this case? A mother who admits that this defendant gives her money 

sometimes for gas? Do you see what's going on here? This is about money and tnaybe 

something else. 

MR. TURNER: Objection 

THECOURT: Overruled 

ADA DONNELLY: There's a weird connection there with mom with th.is defendant. 

When this defendant is slapping around her daughter at the Puerto Rican Day Parade and 

her daughter is saying I don't want to talk to him, why is she getting involved and making 

her daughter sit in the back of the car and talk to this defendant? Why are you doing chat, 

mom? Why ate you involved in what a 16-year-old wants to do with her boyfriend or not? 

Why did you bail him out and is encouraging and enforcing [sic] your daughter to be with 

him? If you guys are alibi, why are you lawyering up and not talking to the police? 

MR. TURNER: Objection. 

testimony at trial was not believable because of their respective relationships with the defendant. 

The prosecutor commented on the credibility of both women, suggesting that their 

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tribunal. Stating that a witness appears as though she does not want to be on the witness stand does 

in her closing argument and did not deprive the defendant of his right to a fair and impartial 

Furthermore, even if the prosecutor's comment was improper, it was one isolated statement 

tlus inference with a first-person expression did not render it an improper personal opinion. 

drawn from the evidence produced at trial. As in Gunderman, the fact that the prosecutor prefaced 

mutually beneficial relationship with the defendant. This comment about Vasquez's credibility was 

to tie this evidence together, suggesting that Bobe was controlling Vasquez as a way to continue her 

Vasquez's demeanor on the witness stand - that she did not want "to be up there" - was an attempt 

with the teenage Vasquez, as Bobe had granted them permission. The prosecutor's comment about 

control over Vasquez's relationship with the defendant; the defendant was able to sleep overnight 

when he needed it. Additionally, the evidence demonstrated that Bobe exerted some degree of 

money when she needed it, and Bobe provided a service for the defendant - bailing him out of jail - 

mother, Bobe, had a curious relationship with the defendant. The defendant provided Bobe with 

not an improper personal opinion. The evidence introduced at trial demonstrated that Vasquez's 

to the case law discussed supra, her comment, "I don't even think she wanted to be up there," was 

counsel, and directed the prosecutor not to express her personal opinion. N evertheless, according 

Out of an abundance of caution, this Court interjected, prior to any objection from defense 

N.T. 7 /19/2013 at 87-91 (emphasis added). 

THE COURT: Sustained. 

ADA DONNELLY: If all you ate is alibi, when the police constantly come and want to talk 

to you, why not just tell them what you know? 

MR. 11JRNER: Objection. 

THE COURT: Overruled. 

ADA DONNELLY: Pretty obvious why. The defendant wasn't there the whole night. It 

happened the way Cynthia [Vasquez] told Detective Bamberski in her statement. It 

happened the way she admitted on that stand partially, chat the defendant was angry at her, 

he got jealous, he got enraged, Cynthia's sister bad to grab the defendant by the arm and pull 

him aside to calm him down. The defendant gets into a fight with those guys and now 

Cynthia wants to grab him and calm him down. 

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II Prior to the summations, this Court instructed the jur:y that closing arguments were not evidence and that the jury was 

not bound by counsel's perspectives on the evidence. N.T. 7 /19/2013 at 44-45. 

BY THE COURT: 

Accordingly, the judgment of sentence should be affirmed. 

Court did not en by denying the defendant's motion for a mistrial. 

prejudicing the defendant. A mistrial is an extreme remedy which was not requited here. This 

attack on the defendant. The prosecutor's comment did not have the unavoidable effect of 

statement only addressed the credibility of these two alibi witnesses; it was not an inflammatory 

testify because of her mother's influence does not color the defendant in a negative light. This 

not create "fixed bias" in the minds of a jury." The fact that Vasquez might have been reluctant to 

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