# Patent

## Title
Edible bean line <12324-1> (Radiant)

## Abstract

An edible bean seed designated as <12324-1> or Radiant, a sample of the edible bean deposited under accession no. PI 678952 is disclosed. Methods of using the edible bean seed designated as <12324-1> or Radiant for breeding new varieties of bean seed are also disclosed, as well as seeds of the edible bean seed designated as <12324-1> or Radiant.

## Background
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates generally to the field of plant breeding, and more specifically to edible bean line <12324-1> (Radiant).
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the United States, there is increasing concern over the consumption of high sugar and high fat foods by the population. An alarming increase in obesity among the citizens in the United States exists since many people in the United States are overweight due to a lack of exercise and poor eating habits.
Beans and peas are listed under both the Vegetables, and the Meats and Beans categories of the Dietary Guidelines Pyramid, thus, emphasizing the healthy nature of legumes in the diet. In addition to the emphasis on lower fat and lower sugar diets, beneficial effects of legumes are becoming apparent. Legumes are packed with fiber and protein, as well as being a good source of numerous vitamins and minerals. Legumes also have a low glycemic index and may help play a role in maintaining normal blood sugar levels; increasing digestive health; and even possibly improving heart health. Yet, legumes are an underutilized food in the United States diet.
One type of edible bean that is sold and consumed is the pinto bean. During storage, the seed coat of pinto beans may darken which may be viewed by consumers as a product flaw. Thus, needs exist for varieties of pinto beans that either do not darken or take longer to darken such that they are consumed before the seed coat darkens.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In each of its various embodiments, the present invention helps fulfill these needs and discloses a pinto bean variety for use in breeding new bean varieties, as well as for use as a foodstuff.
In one embodiment, an edible bean seed designated as Radiant, a sample of the edible bean seed deposited under accession no., is disclosed.
In another embodiment, methods of using the edible bean seed Radiant for breeding new varieties of bean seed are disclosed. Seeds of the edible bean seed designated as Radiant are also disclosed.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows the breeding history of edible bean line <12324-1> (Radiant).



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In one embodiment, an edible bean line designated as <12324-1>, or (Radiant), is disclosed. Also disclosed are bean plants having the physiological and morphological characteristics of the edible bean line designated as Radiant. Parts of the bean plant including, without limitation, pollen, ovules, pods and cells, as well as uses of such parts in breeding are further disclosed.
In another embodiment, seed of the edible bean line designated as Radiant is disclosed. Such seed may be an essentially homogenous population of the edible bean line designated as Radiant, wherein such seed of the edible bean line designated as Radiant is essentially free of other seed. Accordingly, the seed of the present invention comprises at least 95% or more of seed of the edible bean line designated as Radiant.
In yet a further embodiment, tissue culture of regenerable cells of the edible bean line designated as Radiant are disclosed. Such tissue culture may be capable of expressing all of the physiological and morphological characteristics of the edible bean line designated as Radiant, and be capable of regenerating plants having the same genotype of plants of the edible bean line designated as Radiant. The tissue culture may be obtained from embryos, meristems, cotyledons, pollen, leaves, anthers, roots, root tips, pistil, flower, seed and/or stalks.
In an additional embodiment, breeding methods for producing edible bean seeds, plants and/or pods using the edible bean line designated as Radiant of the present invention as a parent are disclosed. Such breeding methods may be used to prepare hybrid edible bean seed or plants or inbred edible bean seed or plants, where seed ultimately produced using the edible bean line designated as Radiant as at least one of the parents are included within the scope of this invention.
In one embodiment, methods of crossing the edible bean line designated as Radiant with itself, or a second plant, and the seeds and plants produced by such methods are disclosed. Such methods may be used for propagating edible bean line designated as Radiant, or can be used to produce hybrid dry bean seeds and the plants grown therefrom.
In a further embodiment, the present invention discloses a process for producing beans comprising obtaining a plant of the edible bean line designated as Radiant, cultivating the plant to maturity, and collecting and/or harvesting beans from the mature plant. Such beans may be used ultimately as a foodstuff, as seed, or as parent in a breeding program.
The present invention further discloses methods and compositions relating to plants, seeds and derivatives of edible bean line designated as Radiant. This line has an erect growth habit, is indeterminate, has guides that are medium to long, and has no ability to climb. Radiant is a pinto bean variety, exhibiting traits including, but not limited to, early season maturity and slow darkening. Observations and seed increase show that edible bean line designated as Radiant shows uniformity and stability, without variants.
Origin and Breeding History.
The edible bean line designated as Radiant exhibits improved traits including, without limitation, resistance to darkening of the seed coat conferred by presence of the recessive sd gene. The development of the edible bean line designated as Radiant can be summarized as follows. A cross was made between slow darkening pinto breeding line ‘SDP 1533’ as the female parent and the variety ‘Sinaloa’ as the male parent. The cross was made during the spring in Year 1 in the field. The edible bean line designated as Radiant was derived from this cross.
The breeding history of edible bean line designated as Radiant is shown in FIG. 1.







TABLE 1







The following Table indicates the selections used to


produce the edible bean line designated as Radiant.













Gener-
Bulk
Single Plant


Year
Location
ation
(lbs)
Selections















Summer
Twin Falls, ID-field
F1
<2
lb



Year 1


Summer
Twin Falls, ID-field
F2
<3
lbs


Year 2


Summer
Twin Falls, ID-field
F3


5 single plant


Year 3




selections


Summer
Twin Falls, ID-field
F4


2 single plant


Year 5




selections


Summer
Twin Falls, ID-field
F5


4 single plant


Year 5




selections


Summer
Twin Falls, ID-field
F6
<3
lbs


Year 6


Spring
Kuna, ID
F7
<5
lbs


Year 7
Greenhouse


Summer
Nampa, ID-field
F8
67
lbs


Year 7


Summer
Nampa, ID-field
F9
1728
lbs


Year 8










Summer
Idaho-Field
F10
Commercial Seed Production


Year 9


Summer
Idaho-Field
F11
Commercial Seed Production


Year 10









Selections were done in the F3, F4, and F5 generations as follows. In the F3 generation, there was segregation for architecture, disease resistance, maturity, seed size, and the slow darkening trait. Single plant selections were made for upright architecture, high pod set, yield, early maturity, and the slow darkening trait. In the F4 generation, single plant selections were made for upright architecture, high pod set, yield, early maturity, and the slow darkening trait. In the F5 generation, single plant selections were made for upright architecture, high pod set, yield, early maturity, and the slow darkening trait. Such selections resulted in the new edible bean line designated as Radiant, which was observed to be uniform, stable, and substantially free of any variants within commercially acceptable limits since the F6 generation. It is known that a small percentage of off-types may occur for a characteristic of edible bean line designated as Radiant during multiplication.
Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Edible Bean Line Designated as Radiant.
Table 2 depicts the physiological and morphological characteristics of edible bean line designated as Radiant.








TABLE 2






Edible bean line


Characteristic
designated as Radiant







Market Class
Pinto


Maturity
Early (80-90 days)


Days from planting
84


to harvest maturity


Plant Habit


Type
Erect growth habit-indeterminate,



guides medium to long with no



ability to climb


Average height of
Not measured


mature plant


Pod position
High (lower pods not



touching soil surface)


Adaptability to machine
Adapted


harvest


Lodging resistance
Good


Leaflet morphology


Leaflet
Wrinkled and semiglossy


Shape
Ovate


Apex of leaflet
Acuminate


Base of leaflet
Obtuse


Flower color and days to bloom


Color of standard
White


Color of wings
White


Color of keel
White


Days to 50% bloom
53


Pod Morphology


Green color pattern
Solid


Mature color pattern
Striped


Green primary color
Green


Mature primary color
Yellow


Green color modifier
Medium


Mature color modifier
Light medium


Green secondary color
None


Mature secondary color
Red


Green cross section shape
Pear


Mature cross section shape
Pear


Green pod curvature
Straight


Mature pod curvature
Straight


Green pod beak orientation
Slightly Curved downward


Mature pod beak orientation
Slightly Curved downward


Green constrictions
Slight


Mature constrictions
Slight


Average number of seeds/pod
  5.0


Seed Color
Shiny and polychrome


Primary color
White


Secondary color
Brown


Color pattern
Mottled


Hilar ring
Present


Hilar ring color
Yellow


Seed Shape and Weight


Shape of seed taken from
Cuboid


middle of pod


Dry seed weight in g/100 g
36


Seeds (adjusted to 12%


moisture)


Anthocyanin Pigmentation*


Flowers
Absent


Leaves
Absent


Stems
Absent


Petioles
Absent


Pods
Present, slight


Peduncles
Absent


Seeds
Present


Nodes
Absent


Known Disease Reaction
None









Radiant possess a faint red stripe on a maturing pod, which may not be visible when the pod is dry.
Slow darkening of edible bean line designated as Radiant.
The edible bean line designated as Radiant of the present invention carries a recessive sd gene that confers resistance to darkening due to age or environmental conditions. Such slow darkening is of particular benefit to pinto bean crops grown in environments that darken traditional pinto beans. Radiant will retain improved bright white color through adverse weather conditions or upon storage, whereas the parent of Radiant, Sinaloa, will darken significantly under such conditions.
Radiant has faint red striping on the mature pods, whereas Sinaloa expresses more prominent red striping on the mature pods. Sinaloa also has expressed pigment in the stems, petioles, and peduncles, while Radiant does not have pigment in the stems, petioles, or peduncles.
Deposit Information.
A deposit of the edible bean line designated as Radiant of the present invention was made with the National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation, Fort Collins, Colo. The date of deposit was Nov. 2, 2016. Upon issuance of a patent, all restrictions upon the deposit will be removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all of the requirements of 37 C.F.R. §1.801-1.809. The accession number for the deposited seeds of edible bean line designated as Radiant is PI 678952. The deposit will be maintained in the depository for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the last request, or for the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced if necessary during such period.
The present invention has been described with reference to certain exemplary embodiments, legume products, compositions and uses thereof. However, it will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art that various substitutions, modifications or combinations of any of the exemplary embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the invention is not limited by the description of the exemplary embodiment, but rather by the appended claims as originally filed.

## Claims

1. An edible bean seed designated as Radiant, a sample of the edible bean seed deposited under accession no. PI 678952.

2. A plant produced by growing the edible bean seed of claim 1.

3. Pollen of the plant of claim 2.

4. An edible bean plant having all of the physiological and morphological characteristics of the edible bean plant of claim 2.

5. A tissue culture of regenerable cells of the edible bean plant of claim 2.

6. The tissue culture of claim 5, wherein the cells are obtained from a plant part selected from the group consisting of leaf, pollen, embryo, meristematic cell, root, root tip, anther, stomatal cell, flower, seed, stem, pod and combinations of any thereof.

7. An edible bean plant regenerated from the tissue culture of claim 6, having all of the morphological and physiological characteristics of an edible bean plant grown from an edible bean seed designated as Radiant, a sample of the edible bean seed deposited under accession no. PI 678952.

8. A method for producing an edible bean seed comprising crossing two edible bean plants and harvesting the resulting edible bean seed, wherein at least one of the two edible bean plants is the edible bean plant of claim 2.

9. A method for producing a hybrid edible bean seed comprising crossing the edible bean plant of claim 2 with a second edible bean plant and harvesting the resulting hybrid edible bean seed.

10. A plurality of the edible bean seeds of claim 1.

11. A method of planting a field, comprising planting the plurality of the edible bean seeds of claim 10 in the field.

12. A process for producing edible beans for consumption, comprising processing the plurality of the edible bean seeds of claim 10 such that the plurality of the edible bean seeds are suitable for consumption.

13. A method for producing an edible bean seed designated as a Radiant-derived edible bean seed, comprising:
crossing a plant of edible bean seed designated as Radiant, a sample of the seed deposited under accession number PI 678952, with a second edible bean plant to yield progeny edible bean seed; and
growing the progeny edible bean seed to yield Radiant-derived edible bean plants and allowing seed of Radiant-derived edible beans plants to form.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the second edible bean plant is transgenic.

15. An edible bean plant designated as Radiant-derived edible bean plant produced by the method of claim 13.