S6508 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD— SENATE May 11, 1995 

against another, of demonizing Jews 

and others. His was a message of division, of blaming others for one’s problems. During the early 1930’s, Hitler instituted a policy of elimination of political opponents, of ‘‘enemies of the 

state.’’ According to the statutes of the 

security police, Jews, politically active 

churches, Freemasons, politically dissatisfied people, members of the Black 

Front, and economic manipulators, 

among others, were singled out for persecution. 

Hitler set down his political goals in 

his notorious book, ‘‘Mein Kampf.’’ His 

foreign policy plans revolved around 

the central aim of exterminating the 

Jews as the mortal enemy of the Aryan 

race. During the first stage, following 

the seizure of power, the ‘‘cancerous 

democracy,’’ as he called it, was to be 

abolished, and Jews, Bolsheviks, and 

Marxists were to be banished from the 

national community. Following the internal consolidation of the Reich, the 

German position in central Europe was 

to be secured step by step and then 

strengthened into world dominance. 

While Hitler had fought the existing 

government aggressively prior to his 

imprisonment for high treason, during 

which he wrote ‘‘Mein Kampf,’’ he 

adopted a new tactic after his early release from jail. Power was to be won 

slowly and legally as he systematically 

and methodically built up the Nazi empire. He used the Reichstag fire of February 27, 1933, as an opportunity to replace the constitutional laws of the 

Weimar Republic by passing an emergency decree ‘‘to protect the people 

and the state.’’ This marked the beginning of the hounding and arresting of 

political opponents, especially those on 

the left. The public was subjected to 

propaganda on a grand scale, instructed ‘‘to think nothing but German, to feel German, and to behave 

German.’’ Germans were also placed 

under heavy surveillance by the police 

and secret agents. 

Hitler was able to create the Nazi 

state by fanning the flames of paranoia, distrust, and fear. By making the 

Jews and others ‘‘faceless rats’’ devoid 

of humanity, he was able to make his 

henchmen commit acts which shock 

and offend our sensibilities as human 

beings. He was successful in making 

these groups scapegoats responsible for 

all of Germany’s economic and social 

ills. Just as some today try to divide, 

demonize, and scapegoat, Hitler managed to unite his people through their 

hatred of common enemies. 

Too often today, the solution to our 

problems seems to be to blame someone else—the poor, minorities, immigrants, and bureaucrats. The politics of 

blame is a basic tactic of those who 

preach intolerance and division, whether on the left or right. Hitler was perhaps history’s most terrible and tragic 

example of what can result when the 

politics of blame and hate are allowed 

to fester and grow. Too often, people 

attempt to glorify themselves by tearing down those with whom they disagree and by pitting one group against 

another. We need a return to moderation, tolerance, responsibility, and 

compassion so that nothing approaching the Holocaust and the hatred which 

fostered it will ever be allowed to again 

scar humanity in such a way. 

It is appropriate to take the time to 

not only celebrate V–E Day and reflect 

upon the roots of what led to World 

War II, but to also remember the selfless heroism of the 15 million Americans and the millions of other Allied 

servicemen who fought valiantly to 

preserve the democratic ideals that we 

so cherish. All risked their lives, and, 

sadly, some 407,000 Americans gave 

their lives to defend those ideals and 

the individual freedom and human 

rights upon which they are based. 

Fifty years after V–E Day, the light 

of history has shone brightly on the 

complex and harrowing events of World 

War II. Much of what has been revealed 

makes us shudder, and we would just as 

soon it not be illuminated. But only by 

looking can we learn, and as each year 

passes, we realize more fully just how 

much we owe our veterans for their patriotism, bravery, and sacrifice in serving on the battlefields of Europe during 

World War II. 

f 

JENA BAND OF THE CHOCTAW 

INDIANS 

Mr. JOHNSTON. Mr. President, over 

90 years ago, a small poverty ridden 

community of Choctaw Indians who 

lived in the area around Jena, LA, 

walked for 9 months from their homes 

to Muskogee, OK, to testify before the 

Dawes Commission. Although that 

commission determined that the Jena 

Band were full-blooded native American Indians, entitled to land and services, lands were not yet ready for allotment. Consequently, the Jena Band returned to Louisiana empty-handed. 

Soon thereafter they were told by letter that they could claim such lands 

and benefits—but only if they returned 

to Oklahoma within 41⁄2 months. This 

was impossible for them, they did not 

return, and therefore received no land 

or benefits to which they were rightfully entitled. 

This story of promised benefits, land, 

and services has been repeated 

throughout the last 90 years. Each 

time the Jena Band has come close to 

receiving the recognition they deserve, 

some additional obstacle has been 

thrown in their way. Yet, despite this 

long history of broken promises and 

neglect the Jena have maintained their 

identity, their dignity, and their hope 

that the Federal Government will at 

long last live up to the commitments 

made to them so long ago in Muskogee. 

On May 18, 1995, the Jena Band will 

finally celebrate the arrival of justice 

as the Assistant Secretary for Indian 

Affairs at the Department of the Interior, Ada Deer, signs the documents establishing a government-to-government relationship between the United 

States of America and the Jena Band 

of the Choctaw. 

Mr. President, I have known the Jena 

through their chief, Jerry Jackson, as 

we have struggled together for many 

years to gain their rightful recognition. The Jena are proud of there heritage and of their community. I look forward to seeing the strengthening of 

their tribe and their cooperation with 

the surrounding communities in the 

years to come, and I ask my colleagues 

to join me in celebrating this longawaited event. 

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CARE ANNIVERSARY 

Mr. NUNN. Mr. President, during this 

year 1995 we are commemorating many 

anniversaries of the last days of World 

War II—of terrible battles, of the liberation of concentration camps with 

their unspeakable crimes against humanity, and of the final victories—but 

I rise today to congratulate one of the 

great humanitarian organizations that 

was born in the ashes of that great war. 

CARE begins the celebration of its 

50th year today, on the anniversary of 

the day when the first CARE package 

arrived in France. A coalition of organizations and individual Americans 

founded CARE—the Cooperative for 

American Remittances to Europe—on 

November 27, 1945, and the first CARE 

package was received in France on the 

following May 11. They set out to create a large and efficient distribution 

network, because they knew the huge 

scope of the needs in a Europe devastated by a long and destructive war. 

That package was the beginning of 

the largest person-to-person relief effort of this century—perhaps of any 

century. Millions of Americans sent 

more than 100 million CARE packages 

of food, clothing, medicine, and other 

relief supplies to war survivors in desperate need. CARE packages provided 

the first food some Holocaust victims 

received after being released from the 

camps. Later, CARE packages brought 

West Berliners their first food after the 

1949 blockade. 

CARE was a unique American phenomenon—highly individual, extremely 

generous, idealistic and—against all 

odds—tremendously successful. Germans, Italians, and Japanese remember 

how stunned they were to receive gifts 

from people with whom they had been 

at war only a few months before. CARE 

packages not only eased the suffering 

of survivors trying to rebuild their 

lives and their countries, but helped to 

build the bridges between former enemies that made possible a more lasting peace. 

Every single American President has 

been involved in the relief effort since 

President Harry Truman who sent the 

first 100 CARE packages to the 

bombed-out town of Le Havre, France. 

American cities and towns had CARE 

package drives, businesses put up displays encouraging people to send CARE 

packages, Hollywood stars, including 

Bob Hope, Gregory Peck, Marlene 

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May 11, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD— SENATE S6509 

Deitrich, Lauren Bacall, and Ingrid 

Bergman, joined in the effort that 

would make the CARE package a part 

of our language and history. 

As Europe and Asia recovered from 

World War II, CARE adopted a new 

name—the Cooperative for Assistance 

and Relief Everywhere—and a new mission: to help the poorest of the world’s 

poor. 

Today CARE helps 30 million people 

in more than 60 developing countries 

each year to improve their lives 

through comprehensive disaster relief 

programs as well as assistance for longterm, sustainable development projects 

in agriculture, the environment, 

health, nutrition, population, and 

small business. In the years since that 

first package, CARE packages have 

helped more than 1 billion people in 121 

countries around the world, sending 

more than $7 billion worth of assistance. The countries Americans helped 

50 years ago have become our political 

and economic partners and many are 

now partners as well in providing 

CARE packages to others in need. 

CARE has 11 international offices in 

Europe and Japan, and has twice been 

nominated for a Nobel Prize. 

The plain brown boxes stamped 

CARE have been a symbol of the best 

American spirit of generosity and hope 

to a hurting world for half a century. I 

am proud that CARE now is 

headquartered in Atlanta, GA, and 

proud of the wonderful work it has 

done throughout the world. This is an 

appropriate time for a new generation 

to learn about the real CARE package—not just goodies from home, but a 

package reflecting that same love and 

caring that reaches out in friendship to 

those in need. 

Mr. President, as CARE begins its 

50th anniversary celebration, I would 

urge that new generations—and their 

mothers, fathers, grandmothers, and 

grandfathers who have been sending 

those plain brown boxes stamped CARE 

all these years—to join in the effort to 

change lives and send a real CARE 

package. 

f 

MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT 

Messages from the President of the 

United States were communicated to 

the Senate by Mr. Thomas, one of his 

secretaries. 

f 

EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED 

As in executive session the Presiding 

Officer laid before the Senate messages 

from the President of the United 

States submitting a treaty and sundry 

nominations which were referred to the 

appropriate committees. 

(The nominations received today are 

printed at the end of the Senate proceedings.) 

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MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE 

At 4:18 p.m., a message from the 

House of Representatives, delivered by 

Mr. Hays, one of its reading clerks, announced that the House has passed the 

following bill, in which it requests the 

concurrence of the Senate: 

H.R. 1361. An act to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 1996 for the Coast Guard, 

and for other purposes. 

f 

MEASURES REFERRED 

The following bill was read the first 

and second times by unanimous consent and referred as indicated: 

H.R. 1361. An act to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 1996 for the Coast Guard, 

and for other purposes; to the Committee on 

Commerce, Science, and Transportation. 

f 

EXECUTIVE AND OTHER 

COMMUNICATIONS 

The following communications were 

laid before the Senate, together with 

accompanying papers, reports, and documents, which were referred as indicated: 

EC–891. A communication from the President and Chairman of the Export-Import 

Bank, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report relative to U.S. exports to South Korea; 

to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 

Urban Affairs. 

EC–892. A communication from the General 

Counsel of the Department of Defense, transmitting, a draft of proposed legislation to 

provide for alternative means of acquiring 

and improving housing and supporting facilities for the armed forces and their families; 

to the Committee on Armed Services. 

EC–893. A communication from the Secretary of Transportation, transmitting, a 

draft of proposed legislation to amend title 

49, United States Code (Transportation), to 

eliminate the requirement for preemployment alcohol testing in the mass transit, 

railroad, motor carrier and aviation industries, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. 

EC–894. A communication from the Secretary of Energy, transmitting, pursuant to 

law, a report relative to the Superconducting 

Super Collider project; to the Committee on 

Energy and Natural Resources. 

EC–895. A communication from the Secretary of Energy, transmitting, pursuant to 

law, a report relative to the safety of shipments of plutonium by sea; to the Committee on Environment and Public Works. 

EC–896. A communication from the Chief 

Counsel of the Department of Justice, transmitting, pursuant to law, the annual report 

of the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission for 1993; to the Committee on Foreign 

Relations. 

EC–897. A communication from the Assistant Legal Adviser for Treaty Affairs, Department of State, transmitting, pursuant to 

law, a report relative to international agreements, other than treaties entered into by 

the United States within the 60-day period 

after May 4, 1995; to the Committee on Foreign Relations. 

EC–898. A communication from the Director of the Administrative Office of the U.S. 

Courts, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report relative to wiretap applications for calendar year 1994; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 

EC–899. A communication from the Chairman of the U.S. Sentencing Commission, 

transmitting, a draft of proposed legislation 

to amend the Controlled Substances Act and 

the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act to equalize mandatory minimum 

penalties relating to similar crack and powder cocaine offenses; to the Committee on 

the Judiciary. 

EC–900. A communication from the Chairman of the Farm Credit Administration, 

transmitting, pursuant to law, the Administration’s report under the Freedom of Information Act for calendar year 1994; to the 

Committee on the Judiciary. 

EC–901. A communication from the Chairman of the U.S. Sentencing Commission, 

transmitting, pursuant to law, amendments 

to the sentencing guidelines; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 

EC–902. A communication from the General 

Counsel of the Department of Commerce, 

transmitting, a draft of proposed legislation 

to amend chapter 11 of title 35 to provide for 

early publication of patent applications, to 

amend chapter 14 of title 35 to provide provisional rights for the period of time between 

early publication and patent grant and to 

amend chapter 10 of title 35 to provide a 

prior art effect for published applications; to 

the Committee on the Judiciary. 

EC–903. A communication from the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, 

transmitting, pursuant to law, the OPM’s 

fiscal year 1994 report on the Federal Equal 

Opportunity Recruitment Program; to the 

Committee on Governmental Affairs. 

EC–904. A communication from the Chairperson of the Department of the Navy Retirement Trust, transmitting, pursuant to 

law, reports relative to the 1992 annual pension report; to the Committee on Governmental Affairs. 

EC–905. A communication from the HUD 

Secretary’s Designee to the Federal Housing 

Finance Board, transmitting, pursuant to 

law, the Inspector General’s report for the 6- 

month period ending March 31, 1995; to the 

Committee on Governmental Affairs. 

EC–906. A communication from the Director, Federal Management Issues, General Accounting Office, transmitting, pursuant to 

law, a report entitled ‘‘Government Corporations: Profiles of Recent Proposals’’; to the 

Committee on Governmental Affairs. 

EC–907. A communication from the Acting 

Director, Federal Management Issues, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report entitled 

‘‘Managing for Results: Experiences Abroad 

Suggest Insights for Federal Management 

Reforms’’; to the Committee on Governmental Affairs. 

EC–908. A communication from the Attorney General of the United States, transmitting, pursuant to law, the 1994 annual report 

on the Federal Prison Industries, Inc.; to the 

Committee on Governmental Affairs. 

EC–909. A communication from the Chairperson of the Appraisal Subcommittee, Federal Financial Institutions Examination 

Council, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report relative to the Federal Managers’ Financial Integrity Act; to the Committee on 

Governmental Affairs. 

EC–910. A communication from the Inspector General of the Environmental Protection 

Agency, transmitting, pursuant to law, the 

Agency’s Superfund report for fiscal year 

1994; to the Committee on Governmental Affairs. 

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PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS 

The following petitions and memorials were laid before the Senate and 

were referred or ordered to lie on the 

table as indicated: 

POM–103. A joint resolution adopted by the 

Council of the City of Kwethluk, Alaska relative to the Alaska National Interest Lands 

Conservation Act; to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. 

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