S5726 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE April 26, 1995

of civil rights or President Roosevelt

himself.

But mostly, a woman who had experienced so much personal loss in her own

life, wanted simply to care for others.

So much so, that I am sure that upon

hearing the news of her death, an entire city grieved not only for the loss of

a great philanthropist, but also for a

close friend.

In the days following her death, you

often heard those describe her as being

of a different era. Let us hope not. Her

grace, her intellect, her sharp wit, and

perhaps most important, her deep sense

of compassion, are qualities desperately needed in these confusing

times.

I know her life of accomplishment,

commitment, and kindness will set a

standard for generations of leaders to

come in a city she led so well.

EXECUTIVE AND OTHER

COMMUNICATIONS

fThe following communications were

laid before the Senate, together with

accompanying papers, reports, and documents, which were referred as indicated:

EC–715. A communication from the Comptroller General of the United States, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report on base

closures; to the Committee on Armed Services.

EC–716. A communication from the Chairman of the National Research Council, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report on the

F-22; to the Committee on Armed Services.

EC–717. A communication from the Secretary of the Air Force, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report on unit cost; to the Committee on Armed Services.

EC–718. A communication from the Acting

Secretary of the Army, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report on program acquisition

unit cost; to the Committee on Armed Services.

EC–719. A communication from the Director of the Defense Finance and Accounting

Service, transmitting, pursuant to law, the

report on multifunction cost comparison

studies; to the Committee on Armed Services.

EC–720. A communication from the General

Counsel of the Department of Defense, transmitting, a draft of proposed legislation entitled ‘‘The National Defense Technology and

Industrial Base, Defense Reinvestment, and

Defense Conversion Act’’; to the Committee

on Armed Services.

EC–721. A communication from the Secretary of Defense, transmitting, pursuant to

law, the report on the Future Years Defense

Program; to the Committee on Armed Services.

EC–722. A communication from the Secretary of Defense, transmitting, pursuant to

law, the report on the Cooperative Threat

Reduction Program plan for fiscal years 1996

through 2001; to the Committee on Armed

Services.

EC–723. A communication from the Secretary of Defense, transmitting, pursuant to

law, the report on the National Security

Education Program; to the Committee on

Armed Services.

EC–724. A communication from the Under

Secretary of Defense (Acquisition and Technology), transmitting, pursuant to law, the

report on the selected acquisition for the period October 1, 1994 through December 31,

1994; to the Committee on Armed Services.

EC–725. A communication from the Under

Secretary of Defense (Personnel and Readiness), transmitting, pursuant to law, the report on the manpower request; to the Committee on Armed Services.

EC–726. A communication from the Assistant Secretary of State (Legislative Affairs),

transmitting, pursuant to law, the report

relative to biological weapons; to the Committee on Armed Services.

EC–727. A communication from the Comptroller General of the United States, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report on base

closures; to the Committee on Armed Services.

EC–728. A communication from the Secretary of Energy, transmitting, pursuant to

law, the report on baseline environment

management; to the Committee on Armed

Services.

INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND

JOINT RESOLUTIONS

fThe following bills and joint resolutions were introduced, read the first

and second time by unanimous consent, and referred as indicated:

By Mr. MCCAIN (for himself and Mr.

LIEBERMAN):

S. 726. A bill to amend the Iran-Iraq Arms

Non-Proliferation Act of 1992 to revise the

sanctions applicable to violations of that

act, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND

SENATE RESOLUTIONS

fThe following concurrent resolutions

and Senate resolutions were read, and

referred (or acted upon), as indicated:

By Mr. DOLE (for himself, Mr.

DASCHLE, Mr. COCHRAN, and Mr.

LOTT):

S. Res. 111. A resolution relative to the

death of the Honorable John C. Stennis, late

a Senator from the State of Mississippi; considered and agreed to.

By Ms. SNOWE (for herself, Mr. SIMON,

Mr. PRESSLER, Mr. SARBANES, Mr.

D’AMATO, and Mr. DODD):

S. Con. Res. 11. A concurrent resolution

supporting a resolution to the long-standing

dispute regarding Cyprus; to the Committee

on Foreign Relations.

BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS

STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED

fBy Mr. MCCAIN (for himself and

Mr. LIEBERMAN):

S. 726. A bill to amend the Iran-Iraq

Arms Non-Proliferation Act of 1992 to

revise the sanctions applicable to violations of that Act, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Foreign

Relations.

THE IRAN-IRAQ ARMS NONPROLIFERATION

AMENDMENTS ACT

∑ Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, 4 years

after the defeat of Iraq in the Persian

Gulf war, Iran has emerged as a growing threat to the region. Bellicose

statements are issued regularly from

Tehran regarding the foreign presence

in the Persian Gulf. More importantly,

this rhetoric has been accompanied by

disturbing reports of new arms shipments to Iran and the deployment of

weapons which pose a direct threat to

shipping in the Persian Gulf.

Today, Senator LIEBERMAN and I are

introducing legislation to assist the

President in his efforts to deal with

this situation. The 1992 Iran-Iraq Arms

Non-Proliferation Act, which I cosponsored with then-Senator GORE, established sanctions against third parties

which assist Iran and Iraq in their efforts to rebuild their weapons capabilities. It was a start, but it did not go far

enough. Efforts by Senator LIEBERMAN

and I last year to expand the legislation were unsuccessful.

The 1992 bill was intended to target

not only the acquisition of conventional weapons, but weapons of mass

destruction as well. In the process of

amending the bill to the 1993 Defense

Act, however, the explicit references to

weapons of mass destruction were

dropped.

The bill we are introducing today attempts to make these applications absolutely clear. It also removes from the

proposed sanctions exceptions for assistance under the Freedom Support

Act, thereby removing the benefit of

the doubt Congress may have given

Russia in 1992. As I will explain later in

my statement, Russia has perhaps used

this exception to the detriment of

United States policy in the Persian

Gulf.

To the current list of sanctions

against persons assisting Iran and Iraq

in its weapons programs, which already

include procurement and export sanctions, the amendments we are offering

today add the denial of visas, denial of

commercial credit, and denial of authority to ship products across United

States territory. To the list of sanctions against countries offering similar

assistance, the amendments add the denial of licenses for export of nuclear

material, denial of foreign military

sales, denial of the transfer of controlled technology, denial of the transfer of computer technology, suspension

of the authority of foreign air carriers

to fly to or from the United States, and

a prohibition on vessels that enter the

ports of sanctioned countries.

The comprehensive international

U.N.-mandated sanctions against Iraq

make the invocation of sanctions

against third party suppliers of Iraq

unnecessary in the near future, unless

of course, the embargo is violated or

revoked. Presently, the more pressing

need with regard to Iraq is for the

international community to remain

firm on the embargo.

But given the history of the Iraqi

military buildup before the gulf war,

the sanctions included in the Iran-Iraq

Act may, at a later date, be as important with regard to Iraq as they are

currently in the case of Iran. Once the

embargo is lifted, there will be a great

temptation for cash-strapped economies to resume sales of military hardware to Iraq. Outside forces may once

again be compelled to maintain a balance in the region through arms sales

and a dangerous escalation of firepower.