# Patent

## Title
Isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, construct and plants comprising same and methods of using same for increasing nitrogen use efficiency of plants

## Abstract

Provided are isolated polypeptides which are at least 80% homologous to SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-3645, and 3647-4855, isolated polynucleotides which are at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NOs: 1-495 and 795-2897, nucleic acid constructs comprising same, transgenic cells expressing same, transgenic plants expressing same and method of using same for increasing fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, photosynthetic capacity, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a National Phase of PCT Patent Application No. PCT/IL2013/051043 having International filing date of Dec. 19, 2013, which claims the benefit of priority under 35 USC §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 61/827,801 filed on May 28, 2013 and 61/745,877 filed on Dec. 26, 2012. The contents of the above applications are all incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein in their entirety.


SEQUENCE LISTING STATEMENT
The ASCII file, entitled 62550SequenceListing.txt, created on 24 Jun., 2015 comprising 14,819,951 bytes, submitted concurrently with the filing of this application is incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, in some embodiments thereof, relates to isolated polypeptides and polynucleotides, nucleic acid constructs comprising same, transgenic cells comprising same, transgenic plants exogenously expressing same and more particularly, but not exclusively, to methods of using same for increasing fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., nitrogen use efficiency), yield (e.g., seed yield, oil yield), biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.
A common approach to promote plant growth has been, and continues to be, the use of natural as well as synthetic nutrients (fertilizers). Thus, fertilizers are the fuel behind the “green revolution”, directly responsible for the exceptional increase in crop yields during the last 40 years, and are considered the number one overhead expense in agriculture. For example, inorganic nitrogenous fertilizers such as ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, or urea, typically accounts for 40% of the costs associated with crops such as corn and wheat. Of the three macronutrients provided as main fertilizers [Nitrogen (N), Phosphate (P) and Potassium (K)], nitrogen is often the rate-limiting element in plant growth and all field crops have a fundamental dependence on inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer. Nitrogen is responsible for biosynthesis of amino and nucleic acids, prosthetic groups, plant hormones, plant chemical defenses, etc. and usually needs to be replenished every year, particularly for cereals, which comprise more than half of the cultivated areas worldwide. Thus, nitrogen is translocated to the shoot, where it is stored in the leaves and stalk during the rapid step of plant development and up until flowering. In corn for example, plants accumulate the bulk of their organic nitrogen during the period of grain germination, and until flowering. Once fertilization of the plant has occurred, grains begin to form and become the main sink of plant nitrogen. The stored nitrogen can be then redistributed from the leaves and stalk that served as storage compartments until grain formation.
Since fertilizer is rapidly depleted from most soil types, it must be supplied to growing crops two or three times during the growing season. In addition, the low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of the main crops (e.g., in the range of only 30-70%) negatively affects the input expenses for the farmer, due to the excess fertilizer applied. Moreover, the over and inefficient use of fertilizers are major factors responsible for environmental problems such as eutrophication of groundwater, lakes, rivers and seas, nitrate pollution in drinking water which can cause methemoglobinemia, phosphate pollution, atmospheric pollution and the like. However, in spite of the negative impact of fertilizers on the environment, and the limits on fertilizer use, which have been legislated in several countries, the use of fertilizers is expected to increase in order to support food and fiber production for rapid population growth on limited land resources. For example, it has been estimated that by 2050, more than 150 million tons of nitrogenous fertilizer will be used worldwide annually.
Increased use efficiency of nitrogen by plants should enable crops to be cultivated with lower fertilizer input, or alternatively to be cultivated on soils of poorer quality and would therefore have significant economic impact in both developed and developing agricultural systems.
Genetic improvement of fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) in plants can be generated either via traditional breeding or via genetic engineering.
Attempts to generate plants with increased FUE have been described in U.S. Pat. Appl. Publication No. 20020046419 (U.S. Pat. No. 7,262,055 to Choo, et al.); U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 20050108791 to Edgerton et al.; U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 20060179511 to Chomet et al.; Good, A, et al. 2007 (Engineering nitrogen use efficiency with alanine aminotransferase. Canadian Journal of Botany 85: 252-262); and Good A G et al. 2004 (Trends Plant Sci. 9:597-605).
Yanagisawa et al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2004 101:7833-8) describe Dof1 transgenic plants which exhibit improved growth under low-nitrogen conditions.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,084,153 to Good et al. discloses the use of a stress responsive promoter to control the expression of Alanine Amine Transferase (AlaAT) and transgenic canola plants with improved drought and nitrogen deficiency tolerance when compared to control plants.
Yield is affected by various factors, such as, the number and size of the plant organs, plant architecture (for example, the number of branches), grains set length, number of filled grains, vigor (e.g. seedling), growth rate, root development, utilization of water, nutrients (e.g., nitrogen) and fertilizers, and stress tolerance.
Crops such as, corn, rice, wheat, canola and soybean account for over half of total human caloric intake, whether through direct consumption of the seeds themselves or through consumption of meat products raised on processed seeds or forage. Seeds are also a source of sugars, proteins and oils and metabolites used in industrial processes. The ability to increase plant yield, whether through increase dry matter accumulation rate, modifying cellulose or lignin composition, increase stalk strength, enlarge meristem size, change of plant branching pattern, erectness of leaves, increase in fertilization efficiency, enhanced seed dry matter accumulation rate, modification of seed development, enhanced seed filling or by increasing the content of oil, starch or protein in the seeds would have many applications in agricultural and non-agricultural uses such as in the biotechnological production of pharmaceuticals, antibodies or vaccines.
Vegetable or seed oils are the major source of energy and nutrition in human and animal diet. They are also used for the production of industrial products, such as paints, inks and lubricants. In addition, plant oils represent renewable sources of long-chain hydrocarbons which can be used as fuel. Since the currently used fossil fuels are finite resources and are gradually being depleted, fast growing biomass crops may be used as alternative fuels or for energy feedstocks and may reduce the dependence on fossil energy supplies. However, the major bottleneck for increasing consumption of plant oils as bio-fuel is the oil price, which is still higher than fossil fuel. In addition, the production rate of plant oil is limited by the availability of agricultural land and water. Thus, increasing plant oil yields from the same growing area can effectively overcome the shortage in production space and can decrease vegetable oil prices at the same time.
Studies aiming at increasing plant oil yields focus on the identification of genes involved in oil metabolism as well as in genes capable of increasing plant and seed yields in transgenic plants. Genes known to be involved in increasing plant oil yields include those participating in fatty acid synthesis or sequestering such as desaturase [e.g., DELTA6, DELTA12 or acyl-ACP (Ssi2; Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR; arabidopsis (dot) org/), TAIR No. AT2G43710)], OleosinA (TAIR No. AT3G01570) or FAD3 (TAIR No. AT2G29980), and various transcription factors and activators such as Led 1 [TAIR No. AT1G21970, Lotan et al. 1998. Cell. 26; 93(7):1195-205], Lec2 [TAIR No. AT1G28300, Santos Mendoza et al. 2005, FEBS Lett. 579(21):4666-70], Fus3 (TAIR No. AT3G26790), ABI3 [TAIR No. AT3G24650, Lara et al. 2003. J Biol Chem. 278(23): 21003-11] and Wri1 [TAIR No. AT3G54320, Cernac and Benning, 2004. Plant J. 40(4): 575-85].
Genetic engineering efforts aiming at increasing oil content in plants (e.g., in seeds) include upregulating endoplasmic reticulum (FAD3) and plastidal (FAD7) fatty acid desaturases in potato (Zabrouskov V., et al., 2002; Physiol Plant. 116:172-185); over-expressing the GmDof4 and GmDof11 transcription factors (Wang H W et al., 2007; Plant J. 52:716-29); over-expressing a yeast glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase under the control of a seed-specific promoter (Vigeolas H, et al. 2007, Plant Biotechnol J. 5:431-41; U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 20060168684); using Arabidopsis FAE1 and yeast SLC1-1 genes for improvements in erucic acid and oil content in rapeseed (Katavic V, et al., 2000, Biochem Soc Trans. 28:935-7).
Various patent applications disclose genes and proteins which can increase oil content in plants. These include for example, U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 20080076179 (lipid metabolism protein); U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 20060206961 (the Ypr140w polypeptide); U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 20060174373 [triacylglycerols synthesis enhancing protein (TEP)]; U.S. Pat. Appl. Nos. 20070169219, 20070006345, 20070006346 and 20060195943 (disclose transgenic plants with improved nitrogen use efficiency which can be used for the conversion into fuel or chemical feedstocks); WO2008/122980 (polynucleotides for increasing oil content, growth rate, biomass, yield and/or vigor of a plant).
Abiotic stress (ABS; also referred to as “environmental stress”) conditions such as salinity, drought, flood, suboptimal temperature and toxic chemical pollution, cause substantial damage to agricultural plants. Most plants have evolved strategies to protect themselves against these conditions. However, if the severity and duration of the stress conditions are too great, the effects on plant development, growth and yield of most crop plants are profound. Furthermore, most of the crop plants are highly susceptible to abiotic stress and thus necessitate optimal growth conditions for commercial crop yields. Continuous exposure to stress causes major alterations in the plant metabolism which ultimately leads to cell death and consequently yield losses.
Drought is a gradual phenomenon, which involves periods of abnormally dry weather that persists long enough to produce serious hydrologic imbalances such as crop damage, water supply shortage and increased susceptibility to various diseases. In severe cases, drought can last many years and results in devastating effects on agriculture and water supplies. Furthermore, drought is associated with increase susceptibility to various diseases.
For most crop plants, the land regions of the world are too arid. In addition, overuse of available water results in increased loss of agriculturally-usable land (desertification), and increase of salt accumulation in soils adds to the loss of available water in soils.
Salinity, high salt levels, affects one in five hectares of irrigated land. None of the top five food crops, i.e., wheat, corn, rice, potatoes, and soybean, can tolerate excessive salt. Detrimental effects of salt on plants result from both water deficit, which leads to osmotic stress (similar to drought stress), and the effect of excess sodium ions on critical biochemical processes. As with freezing and drought, high salt causes water deficit; and the presence of high salt makes it difficult for plant roots to extract water from their environment. Soil salinity is thus one of the more important variables that determine whether a plant may thrive. In many parts of the world, sizable land areas are uncultivable due to naturally high soil salinity. Thus, salination of soils that are used for agricultural production is a significant and increasing problem in regions that rely heavily on agriculture, and is worsen by over-utilization, over-fertilization and water shortage, typically caused by climatic change and the demands of increasing population. Salt tolerance is of particular importance early in a plant's lifecycle, since evaporation from the soil surface causes upward water movement, and salt accumulates in the upper soil layer where the seeds are placed. On the other hand, germination normally takes place at a salt concentration which is higher than the mean salt level in the whole soil profile.
Salt and drought stress signal transduction consist of ionic and osmotic homeostasis signaling pathways. The ionic aspect of salt stress is signaled via the SOS pathway where a calcium-responsive SOS3-SOS2 protein kinase complex controls the expression and activity of ion transporters such as SOS1. The osmotic component of salt stress involves complex plant reactions that overlap with drought and/or cold stress responses.
Suboptimal temperatures affect plant growth and development through the whole plant life cycle. Thus, low temperatures reduce germination rate and high temperatures result in leaf necrosis. In addition, mature plants that are exposed to excess of heat may experience heat shock, which may arise in various organs, including leaves and particularly fruit, when transpiration is insufficient to overcome heat stress. Heat also damages cellular structures, including organelles and cytoskeleton, and impairs membrane function. Heat shock may produce a decrease in overall protein synthesis, accompanied by expression of heat shock proteins, e.g., chaperones, which are involved in refolding proteins denatured by heat. High-temperature damage to pollen almost always occurs in conjunction with drought stress, and rarely occurs under well-watered conditions. Combined stress can alter plant metabolism in novel ways. Excessive chilling conditions, e.g., low, but above freezing, temperatures affect crops of tropical origins, such as soybean, rice, maize, and cotton. Typical chilling damage includes wilting, necrosis, chlorosis or leakage of ions from cell membranes. The underlying mechanisms of chilling sensitivity are not completely understood yet, but probably involve the level of membrane saturation and other physiological deficiencies. Excessive light conditions, which occur under clear atmospheric conditions subsequent to cold late summer/autumn nights, can lead to photoinhibition of photosynthesis (disruption of photosynthesis). In addition, chilling may lead to yield losses and lower product quality through the delayed ripening of maize.
Common aspects of drought, cold and salt stress response [Reviewed in Xiong and Zhu (2002) Plant Cell Environ. 25: 131-139] include: (a) transient changes in the cytoplasmic calcium levels early in the signaling event; (b) signal transduction via mitogen-activated and/or calcium dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) and protein phosphatases; (c) increases in abscisic acid levels in response to stress triggering a subset of responses; (d) inositol phosphates as signal molecules (at least for a subset of the stress responsive transcriptional changes; (e) activation of phospholipases which in turn generates a diverse array of second messenger molecules, some of which might regulate the activity of stress responsive kinases; (f) induction of late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) type genes including the CRT/DRE responsive COR/RD genes; (g) increased levels of antioxidants and compatible osmolytes such as proline and soluble sugars; and (h) accumulation of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals. Abscisic acid biosynthesis is regulated by osmotic stress at multiple steps. Both ABA-dependent and -independent osmotic stress signaling first modify constitutively expressed transcription factors, leading to the expression of early response transcriptional activators, which then activate downstream stress tolerance effector genes.
Several genes which increase tolerance to cold or salt stress can also improve drought stress protection, these include for example, the transcription factor AtCBF/DREB1, OsCDPK7 (Saijo et al. 2000, Plant J. 23: 319-327) or AVP1 (a vacuolar pyrophosphatase-proton pump, Gaxiola et al. 2001, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 11444-11449).
Studies have shown that plant adaptations to adverse environmental conditions are complex genetic traits with polygenic nature. Conventional means for crop and horticultural improvements utilize selective breeding techniques to identify plants having desirable characteristics. However, selective breeding is tedious, time consuming and has an unpredictable outcome. Furthermore, limited germplasm resources for yield improvement and incompatibility in crosses between distantly related plant species represent significant problems encountered in conventional breeding. Advances in genetic engineering have allowed mankind to modify the germplasm of plants by expression of genes-of-interest in plants. Such a technology has the capacity to generate crops or plants with improved economic, agronomic or horticultural traits.
Genetic engineering efforts, aimed at conferring abiotic stress tolerance to transgenic crops, have been described in various publications [Apse and Blumwald (Curr Opin Biotechnol. 13:146-150, 2002), Quesada et al. (Plant Physiol. 130:951-963, 2002), Holmström et al. (Nature 379: 683-684, 1996), Xu et al. (Plant Physiol 110: 249-257, 1996), Pilon-Smits and Ebskamp (Plant Physiol 107: 125-130, 1995) and Tarczynski et al. (Science 259: 508-510, 1993)].
Various patents and patent applications disclose genes and proteins which can be used for increasing tolerance of plants to abiotic stresses. These include for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,296,462 and 5,356,816 (for increasing tolerance to cold stress); U.S. Pat. No. 6,670,528 (for increasing ABST); U.S. Pat. No. 6,720,477 (for increasing ABST); U.S. application Ser. Nos. 09/938,842 and 10/342,224 (for increasing ABST); U.S. application Ser. No. 10/231,035 (for increasing ABST); WO2004/104162 (for increasing ABST and biomass); WO2007/020638 (for increasing ABST, biomass, vigor and/or yield); WO2007/049275 (for increasing ABST, biomass, vigor and/or yield); WO2010/076756 (for increasing ABST, biomass and/or yield);. WO2009/083958 (for increasing water use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, biotic/abiotic stress tolerance, yield and/or biomass); WO2010/020941 (for increasing nitrogen use efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, yield and/or biomass); WO2009/141824 (for increasing plant utility); WO2010/049897 (for increasing plant yield).
Nutrient deficiencies cause adaptations of the root architecture, particularly notably for example is the root proliferation within nutrient rich patches to increase nutrient uptake. Nutrient deficiencies cause also the activation of plant metabolic pathways which maximize the absorption, assimilation and distribution processes such as by activating architectural changes. Engineering the expression of the triggered genes may cause the plant to exhibit the architectural changes and enhanced metabolism also under other conditions.
In addition, it is widely known that the plants usually respond to water deficiency by creating a deeper root system that allows access to moisture located in deeper soil layers. Triggering this effect will allow the plants to access nutrients and water located in deeper soil horizons particularly those readily dissolved in water like nitrates.
Cotton and cotton by-products provide raw materials that are used to produce a wealth of consumer-based products in addition to textiles including cotton foodstuffs, livestock feed, fertilizer and paper. The production, marketing, consumption and trade of cotton-based products generate an excess of $100 billion annually in the U.S. alone, making cotton the number one value-added crop.
Even though 90% of cotton's value as a crop resides in the fiber (lint), yield and fiber quality has declined due to general erosion in genetic diversity of cotton varieties, and an increased vulnerability of the crop to environmental conditions.
There are many varieties of cotton plant, from which cotton fibers with a range of characteristics can be obtained and used for various applications. Cotton fibers may be characterized according to a variety of properties, some of which are considered highly desirable within the textile industry for the production of increasingly high quality products and optimal exploitation of modem spinning technologies. Commercially desirable properties include length, length uniformity, fineness, maturity ratio, decreased fuzz fiber production, micronaire, bundle strength, and single fiber strength. Much effort has been put into the improvement of the characteristics of cotton fibers mainly focusing on fiber length and fiber fineness. In particular, there is a great demand for cotton fibers of specific lengths.
A cotton fiber is composed of a single cell that has differentiated from an epidermal cell of the seed coat, developing through four stages, i.e., initiation, elongation, secondary cell wall thickening and maturation stages. More specifically, the elongation of a cotton fiber commences in the epidermal cell of the ovule immediately following flowering, after which the cotton fiber rapidly elongates for approximately 21 days. Fiber elongation is then terminated, and a secondary cell wall is formed and grown through maturation to become a mature cotton fiber.
Several candidate genes which are associated with the elongation, formation, quality and yield of cotton fibers were disclosed in various patent applications such as U.S. Pat. No. 5,880,100 and U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 08/580,545, 08/867,484 and 09/262,653 (describing genes involved in cotton fiber elongation stage); WO0245485 (improving fiber quality by modulating sucrose synthase); U.S. Pat. No. 6,472,588 and WO0117333 (increasing fiber quality by transformation with a DNA encoding sucrose phosphate synthase); WO9508914 (using a fiber-specific promoter and a coding sequence encoding cotton peroxidase); WO9626639 (using an ovary specific promoter sequence to express plant growth modifying hormones in cotton ovule tissue, for altering fiber quality characteristics such as fiber dimension and strength); U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,981,834, 5,597,718, 5,620,882, 5,521,708 and 5,495,070 (coding sequences to alter the fiber characteristics of transgenic fiber producing plants); U.S. patent applications U.S. 2002049999 and U.S. 2003074697 (expressing a gene coding for endoxyloglucan transferase, catalase or peroxidase for improving cotton fiber characteristics); WO 01/40250 (improving cotton fiber quality by modulating transcription factor gene expression); WO 96/40924 (a cotton fiber transcriptional initiation regulatory region associated which is expressed in cotton fiber); EP0834566 (a gene which controls the fiber formation mechanism in cotton plant); WO2005/121364 (improving cotton fiber quality by modulating gene expression); WO2008/075364 (improving fiber quality, yield/biomass/vigor and/or abiotic stress tolerance of plants).
WO publication No. 2004/104162 discloses methods of increasing abiotic stress tolerance and/or biomass in plants and plants generated thereby.
WO publication No. 2004/111183 discloses nucleotide sequences for regulating gene expression in plant trichomes and constructs and methods utilizing same.
WO publication No. 2004/081173 discloses novel plant derived regulatory sequences and constructs and methods of using such sequences for directing expression of exogenous polynucleotide sequences in plants.
WO publication No. 2005/121364 discloses polynucleotides and polypeptides involved in plant fiber development and methods of using same for improving fiber quality, yield and/or biomass of a fiber producing plant.
WO publication No. 2007/049275 discloses isolated polypeptides, polynucleotides encoding same, transgenic plants expressing same and methods of using same for increasing fertilizer use efficiency, plant abiotic stress tolerance and biomass.
WO publication No. 2007/020638 discloses methods of increasing abiotic stress tolerance and/or biomass in plants and plants generated thereby.
WO publication No. 2008/122980 discloses genes constructs and methods for increasing oil content, growth rate and biomass of plants.
WO publication No. 2008/075364 discloses polynucleotides involved in plant fiber development and methods of using same.
WO publication No. 2009/083958 discloses methods of increasing water use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, biotic/abiotic stress tolerance, yield and biomass in plant and plants generated thereby.
WO publication No. 2009/141824 discloses isolated polynucleotides and methods using same for increasing plant utility.
WO publication No. 2009/013750 discloses genes, constructs and methods of increasing abiotic stress tolerance, biomass and/or yield in plants generated thereby.
WO publication No. 2010/020941 discloses methods of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, yield and biomass in plants and plants generated thereby.
WO publication No. 2010/076756 discloses isolated polynucleotides for increasing abiotic stress tolerance, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of a plant.
WO2010/100595 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing plant yield and/or agricultural characteristics.
WO publication No. 2010/049897 discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides and methods of using same for increasing plant yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, abiotic stress tolerance of plants and nitrogen use efficiency.
WO2010/143138 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency.
WO publication No. 2011/080674 discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides and methods of using same for increasing plant yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, abiotic stress tolerance of plants and nitrogen use efficiency.
WO2011/015985 publication discloses polynucleotides and polypeptides for increasing desirable plant qualities.
WO2011/135527 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides for increasing plant yield and/or agricultural characteristics.
WO2012/028993 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, and/or abiotic stress tolerance.
WO2012/085862 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for improving plant properties.
WO2012/150598 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides and methods of using same for increasing plant yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, abiotic stress tolerance of plants and nitrogen use efficiency.
WO2013/027223 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing plant yield and/or agricultural characteristics.
WO2013/080203 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, and/or abiotic stress tolerance.
WO2013/098819 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and methods of using same for increasing yield of plants.
WO2013/128448 publication discloses isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides and methods of using same for increasing plant yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, abiotic stress tolerance of plants and nitrogen use efficiency.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 or 4855, thereby increasing the nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-4854 and 4855, thereby increasing the nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of producing a crop comprising growing a crop plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least 80% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855, wherein the crop plant is derived from plants selected for increased nitrogen use efficiency, increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, and the crop plant having the increased nitrogen use efficiency, increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased abiotic stress tolerance, thereby producing the crop.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 1-495, 795-2896 or 2897, thereby increasing the nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897, thereby increasing the nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of producing a crop comprising growing a crop plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide which comprises a nucleic acid sequence which is at least 80% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897, wherein the crop plant is derived from plants (parent plants) selected for increased nitrogen use efficiency, increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, and the crop plant having the increased nitrogen use efficiency, increased yield, increased growth rate, increased biomass, increased vigor, increased oil content, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased abiotic stress tolerance, thereby producing the crop.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide which comprises an amino acid sequence at least 80% homologous to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 or 4855, wherein the amino acid sequence is capable of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide which comprises the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-4854 and 4855.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 1-495, 795-2896 or 2897, wherein the nucleic acid sequence is capable of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided an isolated polynucleotide comprising the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a nucleic acid construct comprising the isolated polynucleotide of some embodiments of the invention, and a promoter for directing transcription of the nucleic acid sequence in a host cell.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided an isolated polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least 80% homologous to SEQ ID NO: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 or 4855, wherein the amino acid sequence is capable of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided an isolated polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-4854 and 4855.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a plant cell exogenously expressing the polynucleotide of some embodiments of the invention, or the nucleic acid construct of some embodiments of the invention.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a plant cell exogenously expressing the polypeptide of some embodiments of the invention.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a transgenic plant comprising the nucleic acid construct of some embodiments of the invention or the plant cell of some embodiments of the invention.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of growing a crop, the method comprising seeding seeds and/or planting plantlets of a plant transformed with the isolated polynucleotide of some embodiments of the invention, or with the nucleic acid construct of some embodiments of the invention, wherein the plant is derived from plants selected for at least one trait selected from the group consisting of: increased nitrogen use efficiency, increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased biomass, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased yield and increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and increased oil content as compared to a non-transformed plant, thereby growing the crop.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of selecting a transformed plant having increased nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, the method comprising:
(a) providing plants transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least 80% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855,
(b) selecting from the plants a plant having nitrogen use efficiency, increased yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance,
thereby selecting the plant having increased nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to the wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of selecting a transformed plant having increased nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, the method comprising:
(a) providing plants transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least 80% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897,
(b) selecting from the plants a plant having increased nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance,
thereby selecting the plant having increased nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to the wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the nucleic acid sequence encodes an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-4854 and 4855.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the nucleic acid sequence is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the polynucleotide consists of the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the nucleic acid sequence encodes the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-4854 and 4855.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the host cell is a plant cell.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the plant cell forms part of a plant.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprising growing the plant expressing the exogenous polynucleotide under the abiotic stress.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the abiotic stress is selected from the group consisting of salinity, drought, osmotic stress, water deprivation, flood, etiolation, low temperature, high temperature, heavy metal toxicity, anaerobiosis, nutrient deficiency, nitrogen deficiency, nutrient excess, atmospheric pollution and UV irradiation.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the yield comprises seed yield or oil yield.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprising growing the plant expressing the exogenous polynucleotide under nitrogen-limiting conditions.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the promoter is heterologous to the isolated polynucleotide and/or to the host cell.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the isolated polynucleotide is heterologous to the plant cell.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the non-transformed plant is a wild type plant of identical genetic background.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the non-transformed plant is a wild type plant of the same species.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the non-transformed plant is grown under identical growth conditions.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprising selecting a plant having an increased nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to the wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and/or scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of embodiments of the invention, exemplary methods and/or materials are described below. In case of conflict, the patent specification, including definitions, will control. In addition, the materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and are not intended to be necessarily limiting.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Some embodiments of the invention are herein described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings. With specific reference now to the drawings in detail, it is stressed that the particulars shown are by way of example and for purposes of illustrative discussion of embodiments of the invention. In this regard, the description taken with the drawings makes apparent to those skilled in the art how embodiments of the invention may be practiced.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the modified pGI binary plasmid containing the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO:4880) and the GUSintron (pQYN 6669) used for expressing the isolated polynucleotide sequences of the invention. RB—T-DNA right border; LB—T-DNA left border; MCS—Multiple cloning site; RE—any restriction enzyme; NOS pro=nopaline synthase promoter; NPT-II=neomycin phosphotransferase gene; NOS ter=nopaline synthase terminator; Poly-A signal (polyadenylation signal); GUSintron—the GUS reporter gene (coding sequence and intron). The isolated polynucleotide sequences of the invention were cloned into the vector while replacing the GUSintron reporter gene.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the modified pGI binary plasmid containing the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4880) (pQFN or pQFNc) used for expressing the isolated polynucleotide sequences of the invention. RB—T-DNA right border; LB—T-DNA left border; MCS—Multiple cloning site; RE—any restriction enzyme; NOS pro=nopaline synthase promoter; NPT-II=neomycin phosphotransferase gene; NOS ter=nopaline synthase terminator; Poly-A signal (polyadenylation signal); The isolated polynucleotide sequences of the invention were cloned into the MCS of the vector.
FIGS. 3A-F are images depicting visualization of root development of transgenic plants exogenously expressing the polynucleotide of some embodiments of the invention when grown in transparent agar plates under normal (FIGS. 3A-B), osmotic stress (15% PEG; FIGS. 3C-D) or nitrogen-limiting (FIGS. 3E-F) conditions. The different transgenes were grown in transparent agar plates for 17 days (7 days nursery and 10 days after transplanting). The plates were photographed every 3-4 days starting at day 1 after transplanting. FIG. 3A—An image of a photograph of plants taken following 10 after transplanting days on agar plates when grown under normal (standard) conditions. FIG. 3B—An image of root analysis of the plants shown in FIG. 3A in which the lengths of the roots measured are represented by arrows. FIG. 3C—An image of a photograph of plants taken following 10 days after transplanting on agar plates, grown under high osmotic (PEG 15%) conditions. FIG. 3D—An image of root analysis of the plants shown in FIG. 3C in which the lengths of the roots measured are represented by arrows. FIG. 3E—An image of a photograph of plants taken following 10 days after transplanting on agar plates, grown under low nitrogen conditions. FIG. 3F—An image of root analysis of the plants shown in FIG. 3E in which the lengths of the roots measured are represented by arrows.
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the modified pGI binary plasmid containing the Root Promoter (pQNa RP) used for expressing the isolated polynucleotide sequences of the invention. RB—T-DNA right border; LB—T-DNA left border; NOS pro=nopaline synthase promoter; NPT-II=neomycin phosphotransferase gene; NOS ter=nopaline synthase terminator; Poly-A signal (polyadenylation signal); The isolated polynucleotide sequences according to some embodiments of the invention were cloned into the MCS (Multiple cloning site) of the vector.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the pQYN plasmid.
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the pQFN plasmid.
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the pQFYN plasmid.
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the modified pGI binary plasmid (pQXNc) used for expressing the isolated polynucleotide sequences of some embodiments of the invention. RB—T-DNA right border; LB—T-DNA left border; NOS pro=nopaline synthase promoter; NPT-II=neomycin phosphotransferase gene; NOS ter=nopaline synthase terminator; RE=any restriction enzyme; Poly-A signal (polyadenylation signal); 35S—the 35S promoter (pqfnc; SEQ ID NO: 4876). The isolated polynucleotide sequences of some embodiments of the invention were cloned into the MCS (Multiple cloning site) of the vector.
FIGS. 9A-B are schematic illustrations of the pEBbVNi tDNA (FIG. 9A) and the pEBbNi tDNA (FIG. 9B) plasmids used in the Brachypodium experiments. pEBbVNi tDNA (FIG. 9A) was used for expression of the isolated polynucleotide sequences of some embodiments of the invention in Brachypodium. pEBbNi tDNA (FIG. 9B) was used for transformation into Brachypodium as a negative control. “RB”=right border; “2LBregion”=2 repeats of left border; “35S”=35S promoter (SEQ ID NO:4892); “NOS ter”=nopaline synthase terminator; “Bar ORF”—BAR open reading frame (GenBank Accession No. JQ293091.1; SEQ ID NO:5436); The isolated polynucleotide sequences of some embodiments of the invention were cloned into the Multiple cloning site of the vector using one or more of the indicated restriction enzyme sites.



DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
The present inventors have identified novel polypeptides and polynucleotides which can be used to generate nucleic acid constructs, transgenic plants and to increase nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency of a plant.
Thus, as shown in the Examples section which follows, the present inventors have utilized bioinformatics tools to identify polynucleotides which enhance/increase fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., nitrogen use efficiency), yield (e.g., seed yield, oil yield, oil content), growth rate, biomass, vigor, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant. Genes which affect the trait-of-interest were identified (SEQ ID NOs: 496-794) for polypeptides; and SEQ ID NOs: 1-495 (for polynucleotides) based on expression profiles of genes of several Arabidopsis, Barley, Sorghum, Maize, tomato, and Foxtail millet ecotypes and accessions in various tissues and growth conditions, homology with genes known to affect the trait-of-interest and using digital expression profile in specific tissues and conditions (Tables 1, and 3-99, Examples 1 and 3-11 of the Examples section which follows). Homologous (e.g., orthologous) polypeptides and polynucleotides having the same function were also identified [SEQ ID NOs: 2898-4855 (for polypeptides), and SEQ ID NOs: 795-2897 (for polynucleotides); Table 2, Example 2 of the Examples section which follows]. The polynucleotides of some embodiments of the invention were cloned into binary vectors (Example 12, Table 100), and were further transformed into Arabidopsis and Brachypodium plants (Examples 13-15). Transgenic plants over-expressing the identified polynucleotides were found to exhibit increased biomass, growth rate, vigor and yield under normal growth conditions or under nitrogen limiting growth conditions (Tables 101-128; Examples 16-20), and increased tolerance to abiotic stress conditions (e.g., nutrient deficiency) as compared to control plants grown under the same growth conditions. Altogether, these results suggest the use of the novel polynucleotides and polypeptides of the invention (e.g., SEQ ID NOs: 496-794 and 2898-4855 and SEQ ID NOs: 1-495 and 795-2897) for increasing nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield (e.g., oil yield, seed yield and oil content), growth rate, biomass, vigor, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, water use efficiency and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.
Thus, according to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided method of increasing fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., nitrogen use efficiency), oil content, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855, thereby increasing the fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., nitrogen use efficiency), oil content, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.
As used herein the phrase “plant yield” refers to the amount (e.g., as determined by weight or size) or quantity (numbers) of tissues or organs produced per plant or per growing season. Hence increased yield could affect the economic benefit one can obtain from the plant in a certain growing area and/or growing time.
It should be noted that a plant yield can be affected by various parameters including, but not limited to, plant biomass; plant vigor; growth rate; seed yield; seed or grain quantity; seed or grain quality; oil yield; content of oil, starch and/or protein in harvested organs (e.g., seeds or vegetative parts of the plant); number of flowers (florets) per panicle (expressed as a ratio of number of filled seeds over number of primary panicles); harvest index; number of plants grown per area; number and size of harvested organs per plant and per area; number of plants per growing area (density); number of harvested organs in field; total leaf area; carbon assimilation and carbon partitioning (the distribution/allocation of carbon within the plant); resistance to shade; number of harvestable organs (e.g. seeds), seeds per pod, weight per seed; and modified architecture [such as increase stalk diameter, thickness or improvement of physical properties (e.g. elasticity)].
As used herein the phrase “seed yield” refers to the number or weight of the seeds per plant, seeds per pod, or per growing area or to the weight of a single seed, or to the oil extracted per seed. Hence seed yield can be affected by seed dimensions (e.g., length, width, perimeter, area and/or volume), number of (filled) seeds and seed filling rate and by seed oil content. Hence increase seed yield per plant could affect the economic benefit one can obtain from the plant in a certain growing area and/or growing time; and increase seed yield per growing area could be achieved by increasing seed yield per plant, and/or by increasing number of plants grown on the same given area.
The term “seed” (also referred to as “grain” or “kernel”) as used herein refers to a small embryonic plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat (usually with some stored food), the product of the ripened ovule of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants which occurs after fertilization and some growth within the mother plant.
The phrase “oil content” as used herein refers to the amount of lipids in a given plant organ, either the seeds (seed oil content) or the vegetative portion of the plant (vegetative oil content) and is typically expressed as percentage of dry weight (10% humidity of seeds) or wet weight (for vegetative portion).
It should be noted that oil content is affected by intrinsic oil production of a tissue (e.g., seed, vegetative portion), as well as the mass or size of the oil-producing tissue per plant or per growth period.
In one embodiment, increase in oil content of the plant can be achieved by increasing the size/mass of a plant's tissue(s) which comprise oil per growth period. Thus, increased oil content of a plant can be achieved by increasing the yield, growth rate, biomass and vigor of the plant.
As used herein the phrase “plant biomass” refers to the amount (e.g., measured in grams of air-dry tissue) of a tissue produced from the plant in a growing season, which could also determine or affect the plant yield or the yield per growing area. An increase in plant biomass can be in the whole plant or in parts thereof such as aboveground (harvestable) parts, vegetative biomass, roots and seeds.
As used herein the phrase “growth rate” refers to the increase in plant organ/tissue size per time (can be measured in cm2 per day or cm/day).
As used herein the phrase “photosynthetic capacity” (also known as “Amax”) is a measure of the maximum rate at which leaves are able to fix carbon during photosynthesis. It is typically measured as the amount of carbon dioxide that is fixed per square meter per second, for example as μmol m−2 sec−1. Plants are able to increase their photosynthetic capacity by several modes of action, such as by increasing the total leaves area (e.g., by increase of leaves area, increase in the number of leaves, and increase in plant's vigor, e.g., the ability of the plant to grow new leaves along time course) as well as by increasing the ability of the plant to efficiently execute carbon fixation in the leaves. Hence, the increase in total leaves area can be used as a reliable measurement parameter for photosynthetic capacity increment.
As used herein the phrase “plant vigor” refers to the amount (measured by weight) of tissue produced by the plant in a given time. Hence increased vigor could determine or affect the plant yield or the yield per growing time or growing area. In addition, early vigor (seed and/or seedling) results in improved field stand.
Improving early vigor is an important objective of modem rice breeding programs in both temperate and tropical rice cultivars. Long roots are important for proper soil anchorage in water-seeded rice. Where rice is sown directly into flooded fields, and where plants must emerge rapidly through water, longer shoots are associated with vigour. Where drill-seeding is practiced, longer mesocotyls and coleoptiles are important for good seedling emergence. The ability to engineer early vigor into plants would be of great importance in agriculture. For example, poor early vigor has been a limitation to the introduction of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids based on Corn Belt germplasm in the European Atlantic.
It should be noted that a plant yield can be determined under stress (e.g., abiotic stress, nitrogen-limiting conditions) and/or non-stress (normal) conditions.
As used herein, the phrase “non-stress conditions” refers to the growth conditions (e.g., water, temperature, light-dark cycles, humidity, salt concentration, fertilizer concentration in soil, nutrient supply such as nitrogen, phosphorous and/or potassium), that do not significantly go beyond the everyday climatic and other abiotic conditions that plants may encounter, and which allow optimal growth, metabolism, reproduction and/or viability of a plant at any stage in its life cycle (e.g., in a crop plant from seed to a mature plant and back to seed again). Persons skilled in the art are aware of normal soil conditions and climatic conditions for a given plant in a given geographic location. It should be noted that while the non-stress conditions may include some mild variations from the optimal conditions (which vary from one type/species of a plant to another), such variations do not cause the plant to cease growing without the capacity to resume growth.
The phrase “abiotic stress” as used herein refers to any adverse effect on metabolism, growth, reproduction and/or viability of a plant. Accordingly, abiotic stress can be induced by suboptimal environmental growth conditions such as, for example, salinity, osmotic stress, water deprivation, drought, flooding, freezing, low or high temperature, heavy metal toxicity, anaerobiosis, nutrient deficiency (e.g., nitrogen deficiency or limited nitrogen), atmospheric pollution or UV irradiation. The implications of abiotic stress are discussed in the Background section.
The phrase “abiotic stress tolerance” as used herein refers to the ability of a plant to endure an abiotic stress without suffering a substantial alteration in metabolism, growth, productivity and/or viability.
Plants are subject to a range of environmental challenges. Several of these, including salt stress, general osmotic stress, drought stress and freezing stress, have the ability to impact whole plant and cellular water availability. Not surprisingly, then, plant responses to this collection of stresses are related. Zhu (2002) Ann Rev. Plant Biol. 53: 247-273 et al. note that “most studies on water stress signaling have focused on salt stress primarily because plant responses to salt and drought are closely related and the mechanisms overlap”. Many examples of similar responses and pathways to this set of stresses have been documented. For example, the CBF transcription factors have been shown to condition resistance to salt, freezing and drought (Kasuga et al. (1999) Nature Biotech. 17: 287-291). The Arabidopsis rd29B gene is induced in response to both salt and dehydration stress, a process that is mediated largely through an ABA signal transduction process (Uno et al. (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 11632-11637), resulting in altered activity of transcription factors that bind to an upstream element within the rd29B promoter. In Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (ice plant), Patharker and Cushman have shown that a calcium-dependent protein kinase (McCDPK1) is induced by exposure to both drought and salt stresses (Patharker and Cushman (2000) Plant J. 24: 679-691). The stress-induced kinase was also shown to phosphorylate a transcription factor, presumably altering its activity, although transcript levels of the target transcription factor are not altered in response to salt or drought stress. Similarly, Saijo et al. demonstrated that a rice salt/drought-induced calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (OsCDPK7) conferred increased salt and drought tolerance to rice when overexpressed (Saijo et al. (2000) Plant J. 23: 319-327).
Exposure to dehydration invokes similar survival strategies in plants as does freezing stress (see, for example, Yelenosky (1989) Plant Physiol 89: 444-451) and drought stress induces freezing tolerance (see, for example, Siminovitch et al. (1982) Plant Physiol 69: 250-255; and Guy et al. (1992) Planta 188: 265-270). In addition to the induction of cold-acclimation proteins, strategies that allow plants to survive in low water conditions may include, for example, reduced surface area, or surface oil or wax production. In another example increased solute content of the plant prevents evaporation and water loss due to heat, drought, salinity, osmoticum, and the like therefore providing a better plant tolerance to the above stresses.
It will be appreciated that some pathways involved in resistance to one stress (as described above), will also be involved in resistance to other stresses, regulated by the same or homologous genes. Of course, the overall resistance pathways are related, not identical, and therefore not all genes controlling resistance to one stress will control resistance to the other stresses. Nonetheless, if a gene conditions resistance to one of these stresses, it would be apparent to one skilled in the art to test for resistance to these related stresses. Methods of assessing stress resistance are further provided in the Examples section which follows.
As used herein the phrase “water use efficiency (WUE)” refers to the level of organic matter produced per unit of water consumed by the plant, i.e., the dry weight of a plant in relation to the plant's water use, e.g., the biomass produced per unit transpiration.
As used herein the phrase “fertilizer use efficiency” refers to the metabolic process(es) which lead to an increase in the plant's yield, biomass, vigor, and growth rate per fertilizer unit applied. The metabolic process can be the uptake, spread, absorbent, accumulation, relocation (within the plant) and use of one or more of the minerals and organic moieties absorbed by the plant, such as nitrogen, phosphates and/or potassium.
As used herein the phrase “fertilizer-limiting conditions” refers to growth conditions which include a level (e.g., concentration) of a fertilizer applied which is below the level needed for normal plant metabolism, growth, reproduction and/or viability.
As used herein the phrase “nitrogen use efficiency (NUE)” refers to the metabolic process(es) which lead to an increase in the plant's yield, biomass, vigor, and growth rate per nitrogen unit applied. The metabolic process can be the uptake, spread, absorbent, accumulation, relocation (within the plant) and use of nitrogen absorbed by the plant.
As used herein the phrase “nitrogen-limiting conditions” refers to growth conditions which include a level (e.g., concentration) of nitrogen (e.g., ammonium or nitrate) applied which is below the level needed for normal plant metabolism, growth, reproduction and/or viability.
Improved plant NUE and FUE is translated in the field into either harvesting similar quantities of yield, while implementing less fertilizers, or increased yields gained by implementing the same levels of fertilizers. Thus, improved NUE or FUE has a direct effect on plant yield in the field. Thus, the polynucleotides and polypeptides of some embodiments of the invention positively affect plant yield, seed yield, and plant biomass. In addition, the benefit of improved plant NUE will certainly improve crop quality and biochemical constituents of the seed such as protein yield and oil yield.
It should be noted that improved ABST will confer plants with improved vigor also under non-stress conditions, resulting in crops having improved biomass and/or yield e.g., elongated fibers for the cotton industry, higher oil content.
The term “fiber” is usually inclusive of thick-walled conducting cells such as vessels and tracheids and to fibrillar aggregates of many individual fiber cells. Hence, the term “fiber” refers to (a) thick-walled conducting and non-conducting cells of the xylem; (b) fibers of extraxylary origin, including those from phloem, bark, ground tissue, and epidermis; and (c) fibers from stems, leaves, roots, seeds, and flowers or inflorescences (such as those of Sorghum vulgare used in the manufacture of brushes and brooms).
Example of fiber producing plants, include, but are not limited to, agricultural crops such as cotton, silk cotton tree (Kapok, Ceiba pentandra), desert willow, creosote bush, winterfat, balsa, kenaf, roselle, jute, sisal abaca, flax, corn, sugar cane, hemp, ramie, kapok, coir, bamboo, spanish moss and Agave spp. (e.g. sisal).
As used herein the phrase “fiber quality” refers to at least one fiber parameter which is agriculturally desired, or required in the fiber industry (further described hereinbelow). Examples of such parameters, include but are not limited to, fiber length, fiber strength, fiber fitness, fiber weight per unit length, maturity ratio and uniformity (further described hereinbelow).
Cotton fiber (lint) quality is typically measured according to fiber length, strength and fineness. Accordingly, the lint quality is considered higher when the fiber is longer, stronger and finer.
As used herein the phrase “fiber yield” refers to the amount or quantity of fibers produced from the fiber producing plant.
As used herein the term “increasing” refers to at least about 2%, at least about 3%, at least about 4%, at least about 5%, at least about 10%, at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 30%, at least about 40%, at least about 50%, at least about 60%, at least about 70%, at least about 80%, increase in fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, seed yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant as compared to a native plant or a wild type plant [i.e., a plant not modified with the biomolecules (polynucleotide or polypeptides) of the invention, e.g., a non-transformed plant of the same species which is grown under the same (e.g., identical) growth conditions].
The phrase “expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide” as used herein refers to upregulating the expression level of an exogenous polynucleotide within the plant by introducing the exogenous polynucleotide into a plant cell or plant and expressing by recombinant means, as further described herein below.
As used herein “expressing” refers to expression at the mRNA and optionally polypeptide level.
As used herein, the phrase “exogenous polynucleotide” refers to a heterologous nucleic acid sequence which may not be naturally expressed within the plant (e.g., a nucleic acid sequence from a different species) or which overexpression in the plant is desired. The exogenous polynucleotide may be introduced into the plant in a stable or transient manner, so as to produce a ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule and/or a polypeptide molecule. It should be noted that the exogenous polynucleotide may comprise a nucleic acid sequence which is identical or partially homologous to an endogenous nucleic acid sequence of the plant.
The term “endogenous” as used herein refers to any polynucleotide or polypeptide which is present and/or naturally expressed within a plant or a cell thereof.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide of the invention comprises a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855.
Homologous sequences include both orthologous and paralogous sequences. The term “paralogous” relates to gene-duplications within the genome of a species leading to paralogous genes. The term “orthologous” relates to homologous genes in different organisms due to ancestral relationship. Thus, orthologs are evolutionary counterparts derived from a single ancestral gene in the last common ancestor of given two species (Koonin E V and Galperin M Y (Sequence-Evolution-Function: Computational Approaches in Comparative Genomics, Boston: Kluwer Academic; 2003. Chapter 2, Evolutionary Concept in Genetics and Genomics. Available from: ncbi (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov/books/NBK20255) and therefore have great likelihood of having the same function.
One option to identify orthologues in monocot plant species is by performing a reciprocal blast search. This may be done by a first blast involving blasting the sequence-of-interest against any sequence database, such as the publicly available NCBI database which may be found at: ncbi (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov. If orthologues in rice were sought, the sequence-of-interest would be blasted against, for example, the 28,469 full-length cDNA clones from Oryza sativa Nipponbare available at NCBI. The blast results may be filtered. The full-length sequences of either the filtered results or the non-filtered results are then blasted back (second blast) against the sequences of the organism from which the sequence-of-interest is derived. The results of the first and second blasts are then compared. An orthologue is identified when the sequence resulting in the highest score (best hit) in the first blast identifies in the second blast the query sequence (the original sequence-of-interest) as the best hit. Using the same rational a paralogue (homolog to a gene in the same organism) is found. In case of large sequence families, the ClustalW program may be used [ebi (dot) ac (dot) uk/Tools/clustalw2/index (dot) html], followed by a neighbor-joining tree (wikipedia (dot) org/wiki/Neighbor-joining) which helps visualizing the clustering.
Homology (e.g., percent homology, sequence identity+sequence similarity) can be determined using any homology comparison software computing a pairwise sequence alignment.
As used herein, “sequence identity” or “identity” in the context of two nucleic acid or polypeptide sequences includes reference to the residues in the two sequences which are the same when aligned. When percentage of sequence identity is used in reference to proteins it is recognized that residue positions which are not identical often differ by conservative amino acid substitutions, where amino acid residues are substituted for other amino acid residues with similar chemical properties (e.g. charge or hydrophobicity) and therefore do not change the functional properties of the molecule. Where sequences differ in conservative substitutions, the percent sequence identity may be adjusted upwards to correct for the conservative nature of the substitution. Sequences which differ by such conservative substitutions are said to have “sequence similarity” or “similarity”. Means for making this adjustment are well-known to those of skill in the art. Typically this involves scoring a conservative substitution as a partial rather than a full mismatch, thereby increasing the percentage sequence identity. Thus, for example, where an identical amino acid is given a score of 1 and a non-conservative substitution is given a score of zero, a conservative substitution is given a score between zero and 1. The scoring of conservative substitutions is calculated, e.g., according to the algorithm of Henikoff S and Henikoff J G. [Amino acid substitution matrices from protein blocks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1992, 89(22): 10915-9].
Identity (e.g., percent homology) can be determined using any homology comparison software, including for example, the BlastN software of the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) such as by using default parameters.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the identity is a global identity, i.e., an identity over the entire amino acid or nucleic acid sequences of the invention and not over portions thereof.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the term “homology” or “homologous” refers to identity of two or more nucleic acid sequences; or identity of two or more amino acid sequences; or the identity of an amino acid sequence to one or more nucleic acid sequence.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the homology is a global homology, i.e., an homology over the entire amino acid or nucleic acid sequences of the invention and not over portions thereof.
The degree of homology or identity between two or more sequences can be determined using various known sequence comparison tools. Following is a non-limiting description of such tools which can be used along with some embodiments of the invention.
Pairwise global alignment was defined by S. B. Needleman and C. D. Wunsch, “A general method applicable to the search of similarities in the amino acid sequence of two proteins” Journal of Molecular Biology, 1970, pages 443-53, volume 48).
For example, when starting from a polypeptide sequence and comparing to other polypeptide sequences, the EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm (available from emboss(dot)sourceforge(dot)net/apps/cvs/emboss/apps/needle(dot)html) can be used to find the optimum alignment (including gaps) of two sequences along their entire length—a “Global alignment”. Default parameters for Needleman-Wunsch algorithm (EMBOSS-6.0.1) include: gapopen=10; gapextend=0.5; datafile=EBLOSUM62; brief=YES.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the parameters used with the EMBOSS-6.0.1 tool (for protein-protein comparison) include: gapopen=8; gapextend=2; datafile=EBLOSUM62; brief=YES.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the threshold used to determine homology using the EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm is 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%.
When starting from a polypeptide sequence and comparing to polynucleotide sequences, the OneModel FramePlus algorithm [Halperin, E., Faigler, S. and Gill-More, R. (1999)—FramePlus: aligning DNA to protein sequences. Bioinformatics, 15, 867-873) (available from biocceleration(dot)com/Products(dot)html] can be used with following default parameters: model=frame+_p2n.model mode=local. According to some embodiments of the invention, the parameters used with the OneModel FramePlus algorithm are model=frame+_p2n.model, mode=qglobal.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the threshold used to determine homology using the OneModel FramePlus algorithm is 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%.
When starting with a polynucleotide sequence and comparing to other polynucleotide sequences the EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm (available from emboss(dot)sourceforge(dot)net/apps/cvs/emboss/apps/needle(dot)html) can be used with the following default parameters: (EMBOSS-6.0.1) gapopen=10; gapextend=0.5; datafile=EDNAFULL; brief=YES.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the parameters used with the EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm are gapopen=10; gapextend=0.2; datafile=EDNAFULL; brief=YES.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the threshold used to determine homology using the EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm for comparison of polynucleotides with polynucleotides is 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%.
According to some embodiment, determination of the degree of homology further requires employing the Smith-Waterman algorithm (for protein-protein comparison or nucleotide-nucleotide comparison).
Default parameters for GenCore 6.0 Smith-Waterman algorithm include: model=sw.model.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the threshold used to determine homology using the Smith-Waterman algorithm is 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the global homology is performed on sequences which are pre-selected by local homology to the polypeptide or polynucleotide of interest (e.g., 60% identity over 60% of the sequence length), prior to performing the global homology to the polypeptide or polynucleotide of interest (e.g., 80% global homology on the entire sequence). For example, homologous sequences are selected using the BLAST software with the Blastp and tBlastn algorithms as filters for the first stage, and the needle (EMBOSS package) or Frame+ algorithm alignment for the second stage. Local identity (Blast alignments) is defined with a very permissive cutoff—60% Identity on a span of 60% of the sequences lengths because it is used only as a filter for the global alignment stage. In this specific embodiment (when the local identity is used), the default filtering of the Blast package is not utilized (by setting the parameter “-F F”).
In the second stage, homologs are defined based on a global identity of at least 80% to the core gene polypeptide sequence.
According to some embodiments of the invention, two distinct forms for finding the optimal global alignment for protein or nucleotide sequences are used:

    
    
        1. Between two proteins (following the blastp filter): EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm with the following modified parameters: gapopen=8 gapextend=2. The rest of the parameters are unchanged from the default options listed here:
        Standard (Mandatory) qualifiers:
        [-asequence] sequence Sequence filename and optional format, or reference (input USA)
        [-bsequence] seqall Sequence(s) filename and optional format, or reference (input USA)
        -gapopen float [10.0 for any sequence]. The gap open penalty is the score taken away when a gap is created. The best value depends on the choice of comparison matrix. The default value assumes you are using the EBLOSUM62 matrix for protein sequences, and the EDNAFULL matrix for nucleotide sequences. (Floating point number from 1.0 to 100.0)
        -gapextend float [0.5 for any sequence]. The gap extension, penalty is added to the standard gap penalty for each base or residue in the gap. This is how long gaps are penalized. Usually you will expect a few long gaps rather than many short gaps, so the gap extension penalty should be lower than the gap penalty. An exception is where one or both sequences are single reads with possible sequencing errors in which case you would expect many single base gaps. You can get this result by setting the gap open penalty to zero (or very low) and using the gap extension penalty to control gap scoring. (Floating point number from 0.0 to 10.0)
        [-outfile] align [*.needle] Output alignment file name
        Additional (Optional) qualifiers:
        -datafile matrixf [EBLOSUM62 for protein, EDNAFULL for DNA]. This is the scoring matrix file used when comparing sequences. By default it is the file ‘EBLOSUM62’ (for proteins) or the file ‘EDNAFULL’ (for nucleic sequences). These files are found in the ‘data’ directory of the EMBOSS installation.
        Advanced (Unprompted) Qualifiers:
        -[no]brief boolean [Y] Brief identity and similarity
        Associated qualifiers:
        “-asequence” associated qualifiers
        -sbegin1 integer Start of the sequence to be used
        -send1 integer End of the sequence to be used
        -sreverse1 boolean Reverse (if DNA)
        -sask1 boolean Ask for begin/end/reverse
        -snucleotide1 boolean Sequence is nucleotide
        -sprotein1 boolean Sequence is protein
        -slower1 boolean Make lower case
        -supper1 boolean Make upper case
        -sformat1 string Input sequence format
        -sdbname1 string Database name
        -sid1 string Entryname
        -ufo1 string UFO features
        -fformat1 string Features format
        -fopenfile1 string Features file name
        “-bsequence” associated qualifiers
        -sbegin2 integer Start of each sequence to be used
        -send2 integer End of each sequence to be used
        -sreverse2 boolean Reverse (if DNA)
        -sask2 boolean Ask for begin/end/reverse
        -snucleotide2 boolean Sequence is nucleotide
        -sprotein2 boolean Sequence is protein
        -slower2 boolean Make lower case
        -supper2 boolean Make upper case
        -sformat2 string Input sequence format
        -sdbname2 string Database name
        -sid2 string Entryname
        -ufo2 string UFO features
        -fformat2 string Features format
        -fopenfile2 string Features file name
        “-outfile” associated qualifiers
        -aformat3 string Alignment format
        -aextension3 string File name extension
        -aname3 string Base file name
        -awidth3 integer Alignment width
        -aaccshow3 boolean Show accession number in the header
        -adesshow3 boolean Show description in the header
        -ausashow3 boolean Show the full USA in the alignment
        -aglobal3 boolean Show the full sequence in alignment
        General qualifiers:
        -auto boolean Turn off prompts
        -stdout boolean Write first file to standard output
        -filter boolean Read first file from standard input, write first file to standard output
        -options boolean Prompt for standard and additional values
        -debug boolean Write debug output to program.dbg
        -verbose boolean Report some/full command line options
        -help boolean Report command line options. More information on associated and general qualifiers can be found with -help -verbose
        -warning boolean Report warnings
        -error boolean Report errors
        -fatal boolean Report fatal errors
        -die boolean Report dying program messages
        2. Between a protein sequence and a nucleotide sequence (following the tblastn filter): GenCore 6.0 OneModel application utilizing the Frame+ algorithm with the following parameters: model=frame+_p2n.model mode=qglobal -q=protein.sequence -db=nucleotide.sequence. The rest of the parameters are unchanged from the default options:
    
    
    Usage:
    om -model=<model_fname> [-q=]query [-db=]database [options]
    -model=<model_fname> Specifies the model that you want to run. All models supplied by Compugen are located in the directory $CGNROOT/models/.
    Valid Command Line Parameters:
    -dev=<dev_name> Selects the device to be used by the application.
    
        Valid devices are:
        bic—Bioccelerator (valid for SW, XSW, FRAME_N2P, and FRAME_P2N models).
        xlg—BioXL/G (valid for all models except XSW).
        xlp—BioXL/P (valid for SW, FRAME+_N2P, and FRAME_P2N models).
        xlh—BioXL/H (valid for SW, FRAME+_N2P, and FRAME_P2N models).
        soft—Software device (for all models).
    
    
    -q=<query> Defines the query set. The query can be a sequence file or a database reference. You can specify a query by its name or by accession number. The format is detected automatically. However, you may specify a format using the -qfmt parameter. If you do not specify a query, the program prompts for one. If the query set is a database reference, an output file is produced for each sequence in the query.
    -db=<database name> Chooses the database set. The database set can be a sequence file or a database reference. The database format is detected automatically. However, you may specify a format using -dfmt parameter.
    -qacc Add this parameter to the command line if you specify query using accession numbers.
    -dacc Add this parameter to the command line if you specify a database using accession numbers.
    -dfmt/-qfmt=<format_type> Chooses the database/query format type. Possible formats are:
    
        fasta—fasta with seq type auto-detected.
        fastap—fasta protein seq.
        fastan—fasta nucleic seq.
        gcg—gcg format, type is auto-detected.
        gcg9seq—gcg9 format, type is auto-detected.
        gcg9seqp—gcg9 format protein seq.
        gcg9seqn—gcg9 format nucleic seq.
        nbrf—nbrf seq, type is auto-detected.
        nbrfp—nbrf protein seq.
        nbrfn—nbrf nucleic seq.
        embl—embl and swissprot format.
        genbank—genbank format (nucleic).
        blast—blast format.
        nbrf_gcg—nbrf-gcg seq, type is auto-detected.
        nbrf_gcgp—nbrf-gcg protein seq.
        nbrf_gcgn—nbrf-gcg nucleic seq.
        raw—raw ascii sequence, type is auto-detected.
        rawp—raw ascii protein sequence.
        rawn—raw ascii nucleic sequence.
        pir—pir codata format, type is auto-detected.
        profile—gcg profile (valid only for -qfmt
        in SW, XSW, FRAME_P2N, and FRAME+_P2N).
    
    
    -out=<out_fname> The name of the output file.
    -suffix=<name> The output file name suffix.
    -gapop=<n> Gap open penalty. This parameter is not valid for FRAME+. For FrameSearch the default is 12.0. For other searches the default is 10.0.
    -gapext=<n> Gap extend penalty. This parameter is not valid for FRAME+. For FrameSearch the default is 4.0. For other models: the default for protein searches is 0.05, and the default for nucleic searches is 1.0.
    -qgapop=<n> The penalty for opening a gap in the query sequence. The default is 10.0. Valid for XSW.
    -qgapext=<n> The penalty for extending a gap in the query sequence. The default is 0.05. Valid for XSW.
    -start=<n> The position in the query sequence to begin the search.
    -end=<n> The position in the query sequence to stop the search.
    -qtrans Performs a translated search, relevant for a nucleic query against a protein database. The nucleic query is translated to six reading frames and a result is given for each frame.


Valid for SW and XSW.

    -dtrans Performs a translated search, relevant for a protein query against a DNA database. Each database entry is translated to six reading frames and a result is given for each frame.


Valid for SW and XSW.

    Note: “-qtrans” and “-dtrans” options are mutually exclusive.
    -matrix=<matrix_file> Specifies the comparison matrix to be used in the search. The matrix must be in the BLAST format. If the matrix file is not located in $CGNROOT/tables/matrix, specify the full path as the value of the -matrix parameter.
    -trans=<transtab_name> Translation table. The default location for the table is $CGNROOT/tables/trans.
    -onestrand Restricts the search to just the top strand of the query/database nucleic sequence.
    -list=<n> The maximum size of the output hit list. The default is 50.
    -docalign=<n> The number of documentation lines preceding each alignment. The default is 10.
    -thr_score=<score_name> The score that places limits on the display of results. Scores that are smaller than -thr_min value or larger than -thr_max value are not shown. Valid options are: quality.
    
        zscore.
        escore.
    
    
    -thr_max=<n> The score upper threshold. Results that are larger than -thr_max value are not shown.
    -thr_min=<n> The score lower threshold. Results that are lower than -thr_min value are not shown.
    -align=<n> The number of alignments reported in the output file.
    -noalign Do not display alignment.
    Note: “-align” and “-noalign” parameters are mutually exclusive.
    -outfmt=<format_name> Specifies the output format type. The default format is PFS.
    Possible values are:
    
        PFS—PFS text format
        FASTA—FASTA text format
        BLAST—BLAST text format
    
    
    -nonorm Do not perform score normalization.
    -norm=<norm_name> Specifies the normalization method. Valid options are:
    
        log—logarithm normalization.
        std—standard normalization.
        stat—Pearson statistical method.
    
    
    Note: “-nonorm” and “-norm” parameters cannot be used together.
    Note: Parameters -xgapop, -xgapext, -fgapop, -fgapext, -ygapop, -ygapext, -delop, and -delext apply only to FRAME+.
    -xgapop=<n> The penalty for opening a gap when inserting a codon (triplet). The default is 12.0.
    -xgapext=<n> The penalty for extending a gap when inserting a codon (triplet). The default is 4.0.
    -ygapop=<n> The penalty for opening a gap when deleting an amino acid. The default is 12.0.
    -ygapext=<n> The penalty for extending a gap when deleting an amino acid. The default is 4.0.
    -fgapop=<n> The penalty for opening a gap when inserting a DNA base. The default is 6.0.
    -fgapext=<n> The penalty for extending a gap when inserting a DNA base. The default is 7.0.
    -delop=<n> The penalty for opening a gap when deleting a DNA base. The default is 6.0.
    -delext=<n> The penalty for extending a gap when deleting a DNA base. The default is 7.0.
    -silent No screen output is produced.
    -host=<host_name> The name of the host on which the server runs. By default, the application uses the host specified in the file $CGNROOT/cgnhosts.
    -wait Do not go to the background when the device is busy. This option is not relevant for the Parseq or Soft pseudo device.
    -batch Run the job in the background. When this option is specified, the file “$CGNROOT/defaults/batch.defaults” is used for choosing the batch command. If this file does not exist, the command “at now” is used to run the job.
    Note: “-batch” and “-wait” parameters are mutually exclusive.
    -version Prints the software version number.
    -help Displays this help message. To get more specific help type: “om -model=<model_fname>-help”.


According to some embodiments the homology is a local homology or a local identity.
Local alignments tools include, but are not limited to the BlastP, BlastN, BlastX or TBLASTN software of the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI), FASTA, and the Smith-Waterman algorithm.
A tblastn search allows the comparison between a protein sequence to the six-frame translations of a nucleotide database. It can be a very productive way of finding homologous protein coding regions in unannotated nucleotide sequences such as expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and draft genome records (HTG), located in the BLAST databases est and htgs, respectively.
Default parameters for blastp include: Max target sequences: 100; Expected threshold: e−5; Word size: 3; Max matches in a query range: 0; Scoring parameters: Matrix—BLOSUM62; filters and masking: Filter—low complexity regions.
Local alignments tools, which can be used include, but are not limited to, the tBLASTX algorithm, which compares the six-frame conceptual translation products of a nucleotide query sequence (both strands) against a protein sequence database. Default parameters include: Max target sequences: 100; Expected threshold: 10; Word size: 3; Max matches in a query range: 0; Scoring parameters: Matrix—BLOSUM62; filters and masking: Filter—low complexity regions.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide of the invention encodes a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% identical to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide of the invention encodes a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-4854 and 4855.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method of increasing fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, is effected by expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% identical to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855, thereby increasing the fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide encodes a polypeptide consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth by SEQ ID NO:496-794, 2898-4854 or 4855.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, the method of increasing fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant is effected by expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:496-794, 2898-4854 and 4855, thereby increasing the fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a method of increasing fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-4854 and 4855, thereby increasing the fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide encodes a polypeptide consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth by SEQ ID NO: 496-794, 2898-4854 or 4855.
According to some embodiments of the invention the exogenous polynucleotide comprises a nucleic acid sequence which is at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a method of increasing fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant, comprising expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897, thereby increasing the fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the plant.
According to some embodiments of the invention the exogenous polynucleotide is at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897.
According to some embodiments of the invention the exogenous polynucleotide is set forth by SEQ ID NO: 1-495, 795-2896 or 2897.
According to some embodiments of the invention the method of increasing fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant further comprising selecting a plant having an increased fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to the wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.
It should be noted that selecting a transformed plant having an increased trait as compared to a native (or non-transformed) plant grown under the same growth conditions is performed by selecting for the trait, e.g., validating the ability of the transformed plant to exhibit the increased trait using well known assays (e.g., seedling analyses, greenhouse assays) as is further described herein below.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a method of selecting a transformed plant having increased fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, the method comprising:
(a) providing plants transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% homologous (e.g., having sequence similarity or sequence identity) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855,
(b) selecting from said plants a plant having increased fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance,
thereby selecting the plant having increased fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to the wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a method of selecting a transformed plant having increased fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, the method comprising:
(a) providing plants transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897,
(b) selecting from said plants a plant having increased fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance,
thereby selecting the plant having increased fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance as compared to the wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.
As used herein the term “polynucleotide” refers to a single or double stranded nucleic acid sequence which is isolated and provided in the form of an RNA sequence, a complementary polynucleotide sequence (cDNA), a genomic polynucleotide sequence and/or a composite polynucleotide sequences (e.g., a combination of the above).
The term “isolated” refers to at least partially separated from the natural environment e.g., from a plant cell.
As used herein the phrase “complementary polynucleotide sequence” refers to a sequence, which results from reverse transcription of messenger RNA using a reverse transcriptase or any other RNA dependent DNA polymerase. Such a sequence can be subsequently amplified in vivo or in vitro using a DNA dependent DNA polymerase.
As used herein the phrase “genomic polynucleotide sequence” refers to a sequence derived (isolated) from a chromosome and thus it represents a contiguous portion of a chromosome.
As used herein the phrase “composite polynucleotide sequence” refers to a sequence, which is at least partially complementary and at least partially genomic. A composite sequence can include some exonal sequences required to encode the polypeptide of the present invention, as well as some intronic sequences interposing therebetween. The intronic sequences can be of any source, including of other genes, and typically will include conserved splicing signal sequences. Such intronic sequences may further include cis acting expression regulatory elements.
Nucleic acid sequences encoding the polypeptides of the present invention may be optimized for expression. Examples of such sequence modifications include, but are not limited to, an altered G/C content to more closely approach that typically found in the plant species of interest, and the removal of codons atypically found in the plant species commonly referred to as codon optimization.
The phrase “codon optimization” refers to the selection of appropriate DNA nucleotides for use within a structural gene or fragment thereof that approaches codon usage within the plant of interest. Therefore, an optimized gene or nucleic acid sequence refers to a gene in which the nucleotide sequence of a native or naturally occurring gene has been modified in order to utilize statistically-preferred or statistically-favored codons within the plant. The nucleotide sequence typically is examined at the DNA level and the coding region optimized for expression in the plant species determined using any suitable procedure, for example as described in Sardana et al. (1996, Plant Cell Reports 15:677-681). In this method, the standard deviation of codon usage, a measure of codon usage bias, may be calculated by first finding the squared proportional deviation of usage of each codon of the native gene relative to that of highly expressed plant genes, followed by a calculation of the average squared deviation. The formula used is: 1 SDCU=n=1 N[(Xn−Yn)/Yn]2/N, where Xn refers to the frequency of usage of codon n in highly expressed plant genes, where Yn to the frequency of usage of codon n in the gene of interest and N refers to the total number of codons in the gene of interest. A Table of codon usage from highly expressed genes of dicotyledonous plants is compiled using the data of Murray et al. (1989, Nuc Acids Res. 17:477-498).
One method of optimizing the nucleic acid sequence in accordance with the preferred codon usage for a particular plant cell type is based on the direct use, without performing any extra statistical calculations, of codon optimization Tables such as those provided on-line at the Codon Usage Database through the NIAS (National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences) DNA bank in Japan (kazusa (dot) or (dot) jp/codon/). The Codon Usage Database contains codon usage tables for a number of different species, with each codon usage Table having been statistically determined based on the data present in Genbank.
By using the above Tables to determine the most preferred or most favored codons for each amino acid in a particular species (for example, rice), a naturally-occurring nucleotide sequence encoding a protein of interest can be codon optimized for that particular plant species. This is effected by replacing codons that may have a low statistical incidence in the particular species genome with corresponding codons, in regard to an amino acid, that are statistically more favored. However, one or more less-favored codons may be selected to delete existing restriction sites, to create new ones at potentially useful junctions (5′ and 3′ ends to add signal peptide or termination cassettes, internal sites that might be used to cut and splice segments together to produce a correct full-length sequence), or to eliminate nucleotide sequences that may negatively effect mRNA stability or expression.
The naturally-occurring encoding nucleotide sequence may already, in advance of any modification, contain a number of codons that correspond to a statistically-favored codon in a particular plant species. Therefore, codon optimization of the native nucleotide sequence may comprise determining which codons, within the native nucleotide sequence, are not statistically-favored with regards to a particular plant, and modifying these codons in accordance with a codon usage table of the particular plant to produce a codon optimized derivative. A modified nucleotide sequence may be fully or partially optimized for plant codon usage provided that the protein encoded by the modified nucleotide sequence is produced at a level higher than the protein encoded by the corresponding naturally occurring or native gene. Construction of synthetic genes by altering the codon usage is described in for example PCT Patent Application 93/07278.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide is a non-coding RNA.
As used herein the phrase “non-coding RNA” refers to an RNA molecule which does not encode an amino acid sequence (a polypeptide). Examples of such non-coding RNA molecules include, but are not limited to, an antisense RNA, a pre-miRNA (precursor of a microRNA), or a precursor of a Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA).
Non-limiting examples of non-coding RNA polynucleotides are provided in SEQ ID NOs: 217, 218, 219, 287, 288, 495, 997, 1003, 1543 and 1703.
Thus, the invention encompasses nucleic acid sequences described hereinabove; fragments thereof, sequences hybridizable therewith, sequences homologous thereto, sequences encoding similar polypeptides with different codon usage, altered sequences characterized by mutations, such as deletion, insertion or substitution of one or more nucleotides, either naturally occurring or man induced, either randomly or in a targeted fashion.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the exogenous polynucleotide encodes a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of a naturally occurring plant orthologue of the polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, and 2898-4855.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of a naturally occurring plant orthologue of the polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, and 2898-4855.
The invention provides an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897.
According to some embodiments of the invention the nucleic acid sequence is capable of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency of a plant.
According to some embodiments of the invention the isolated polynucleotide comprising the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897.
According to some embodiments of the invention the isolated polynucleotide is set forth by SEQ ID NO: 1-495, 795-2896 or 2897.
The invention provides an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide which comprises an amino acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855.
According to some embodiments of the invention the amino acid sequence is capable of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency of a plant.
The invention provides an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide which comprises the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:496-794, 2898-4854 and 4855.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a nucleic acid construct comprising the isolated polynucleotide of the invention, and a promoter for directing transcription of the nucleic acid sequence in a host cell.
The invention provides an isolated polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% homologous to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:496-794, 2898-4854 and 4855.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the polypeptide is set forth by SEQ ID NO: 496-794, 2898-4854 or 4855.
The invention also encompasses fragments of the above described polypeptides and polypeptides having mutations, such as deletions, insertions or substitutions of one or more amino acids, either naturally occurring or man induced, either randomly or in a targeted fashion.
The term “plant” as used herein encompasses a whole plant, a grafted plant, ancestor(s) and progeny of the plants and plant parts, including seeds, shoots, stems, roots (including tubers), rootstock, scion, and plant cells, tissues and organs. The plant may be in any form including suspension cultures, embryos, meristematic regions, callus tissue, leaves, gametophytes, sporophytes, pollen, and microspores. Plants that are particularly useful in the methods of the invention include all plants which belong to the superfamily Viridiplantae, in particular monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants including a fodder or forage legume, ornamental plant, food crop, tree, or shrub selected from the list comprising Acacia spp., Acer spp., Actinidia spp., Aesculus spp., Agathis australis, Albizia amara, Alsophila tricolor, Andropogon spp., Arachis spp, Areca catechu, Astelia fragrans, Astragalus cicer, Baikiaea plurijuga, Betula spp., Brassica spp., Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Burkea africana, Butea frondosa, Cadaba farinosa, Calliandra spp, Camellia sinensis, Canna indica, Capsicum spp., Cassia spp., Centroema pubescens, Chacoomeles spp., Cinnamomum cassia, Coffea arabica, Colophospermum mopane, Coronillia varia, Cotoneaster serotina, Crataegus spp., Cucumis spp., Cupressus spp., Cyathea dealbata, Cydonia oblonga, Cryptomeria japonica, Cymbopogon spp., Cynthea dealbata, Cydonia oblonga, Dalbergia monetaria, Davallia divaricata, Desmodium spp., Dicksonia squarosa, Dibeteropogon amplectens, Dioclea spp, Dolichos spp., Dorycnium rectum, Echinochloa pyramidalis, Ehraffia spp., Eleusine coracana, Eragrestis spp., Erythrina spp., Eucalypfus spp., Euclea schimperi, Eulalia vi/losa, Pagopyrum spp., Feijoa sellowlana, Fragaria spp., Flemingia spp, Freycinetia banksli, Geranium thunbergii, Ginkgo biloba, Glycine javanica, Gliricidia spp, Gossypium hirsutum, Grevillea spp., Guibourtia coleosperma, Hedysarum spp., Hemaffhia altissima, Heteropogon contoffus, Hordeum vulgare, Hyparrhenia rufa, Hypericum erectum, Hypeffhelia dissolute, Indigo incamata, Iris spp., Leptarrhena pyrolifolia, Lespediza spp., Lettuca spp., Leucaena leucocephala, Loudetia simplex, Lotonus bainesli, Lotus spp., Macrotyloma axillare, Malus spp., Manihot esculenta, Medicago saliva, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Musa sapientum, Nicotianum spp., Onobrychis spp., Ornithopus spp., Oryza spp., Peltophorum africanum, Pennisetum spp., Persea gratissima, Petunia spp., Phaseolus spp., Phoenix canariensis, Phormium cookianum, Photinia spp., Picea glauca, Pinus spp., Pisum sativam, Podocarpus totara, Pogonarthria fleckii, Pogonaffhria squarrosa, Populus spp., Prosopis cineraria, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Pterolobium stellatum, Pyrus communis, Quercus spp., Rhaphiolepsis umbellata, Rhopalostylis sapida, Rhus natalensis, Ribes grossularia, Ribes spp., Robinia pseudoacacia, Rosa spp., Rubus spp., Salix spp., Schyzachyrium sanguineum, Sciadopitys vefficillata, Sequoia sempervirens, Sequoiadendron giganteum, Sorghum bicolor, Spinacia spp., Sporobolus fimbriatus, Stiburus alopecuroides, Stylosanthos humilis, Tadehagi spp, Taxodium distichum, Themeda triandra, Trifolium spp., Triticum spp., Tsuga heterophylla, Vaccinium spp., Vicia spp., Vitis vinifera, Watsonia pyramidata, Zantedeschia aethiopica, Zea mays, amaranth, artichoke, asparagus, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, canola, carrot, cauliflower, celery, collard greens, flax, kale, lentil, oilseed rape, okra, onion, potato, rice, soybean, straw, sugar beet, sugar cane, sunflower, tomato, squash tea, maize, wheat, barley, rye, oat, peanut, pea, lentil and alfalfa, cotton, rapeseed, canola, pepper, sunflower, tobacco, eggplant, eucalyptus, a tree, an ornamental plant, a perennial grass and a forage crop. Alternatively algae and other non-Viridiplantae can be used for the methods of the present invention.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the plant used by the method of the invention is a crop plant such as rice, maize, wheat, barley, peanut, potato, sesame, olive tree, palm oil, banana, soybean, sunflower, canola, sugarcane, alfalfa, millet, leguminosae (bean, pea), flax, lupinus, rapeseed, tobacco, poplar and cotton.
According to some embodiments of the invention the plant is a dicotyledonous plant.
According to some embodiments of the invention the plant is a monocotyledonous plant.
According to some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a plant cell exogenously expressing the polynucleotide of some embodiments of the invention, the nucleic acid construct of some embodiments of the invention and/or the polypeptide of some embodiments of the invention.
According to some embodiments of the invention, expressing the exogenous polynucleotide of the invention within the plant is effected by transforming one or more cells of the plant with the exogenous polynucleotide, followed by generating a mature plant from the transformed cells and cultivating the mature plant under conditions suitable for expressing the exogenous polynucleotide within the mature plant.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the transformation is effected by introducing to the plant cell a nucleic acid construct which includes the exogenous polynucleotide of some embodiments of the invention and at least one promoter for directing transcription of the exogenous polynucleotide in a host cell (a plant cell). Further details of suitable transformation approaches are provided hereinbelow.
As mentioned, the nucleic acid construct according to some embodiments of the invention comprises a promoter sequence and the isolated polynucleotide of some embodiments of the invention.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the isolated polynucleotide is operably linked to the promoter sequence.
A coding nucleic acid sequence is “operably linked” to a regulatory sequence (e.g., promoter) if the regulatory sequence is capable of exerting a regulatory effect on the coding sequence linked thereto.
As used herein, the term “promoter” refers to a region of DNA which lies upstream of the transcriptional initiation site of a gene to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription of RNA. The promoter controls where (e.g., which portion of a plant) and/or when (e.g., at which stage or condition in the lifetime of an organism) the gene is expressed.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the promoter is heterologous to the isolated polynucleotide and/or to the host cell.
As used herein the phrase “heterologous promoter” refers to a promoter from a different species or from the same species but from a different gene locus as of the isolated polynucleotide sequence.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the isolated polynucleotide is heterologous to the plant cell.
Any suitable promoter sequence can be used by the nucleic acid construct of the present invention. Preferably the promoter is a constitutive promoter, a tissue-specific, or an abiotic stress-inducible promoter.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the promoter is a plant promoter, which is suitable for expression of the exogenous polynucleotide in a plant cell.
Suitable promoters for expression in wheat include, but are not limited to, Wheat SPA promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4856; Albanietal, Plant Cell, 9: 171-184, 1997, which is fully incorporated herein by reference), wheat LMW (SEQ ID NO: 4857 (longer LMW promoter), and SEQ ID NO: 4858 (LMW promoter) and HMW glutenin-1 (SEQ ID NO: 4859 (Wheat HMW glutenin-1 longer promoter); and SEQ ID NO: 4860 (Wheat HMW glutenin-1 Promoter); Thomas and Flavell, The Plant Cell 2:1171-1180; Furtado et al., 2009 Plant Biotechnology Journal 7:240-253, each of which is fully incorporated herein by reference), wheat alpha, beta and gamma gliadins [e.g., SEQ ID NO: 4861 (wheat alpha gliadin, B genome, promoter); SEQ ID NO: 4862 (wheat gamma gliadin promoter); EMBO 3:1409-15, 1984, which is fully incorporated herein by reference], wheat TdPR60 [SEQ ID NO: 4863 (wheat TdPR60 longer promoter) or SEQ ID NO:4864 (wheat TdPR60 promoter); Kovalchuk et al., Plant Mol Biol 71:81-98, 2009, which is fully incorporated herein by reference], maize Ub1 Promoter [cultivar Nongda 105 (SEQ ID NO: 4865); GenBank: DQ141598.1; Taylor et al., Plant Cell Rep 1993 12: 491-495, which is fully incorporated herein by reference; and cultivar B73 (SEQ ID NO:4866); Christensen, A H, et al. Plant Mol. Biol. 18 (4), 675-689 (1992), which is fully incorporated herein by reference]; rice actin 1 (SEQ ID NO: 4867; Mc Elroy et al. 1990, The Plant Cell, Vol. 2, 163-171, which is fully incorporated herein by reference), rice GOS2 [SEQ ID NO: 4868 (rice GOS2 longer promoter) and SEQ ID NO: 4869 (rice GOS2 Promoter); De Pater et al. Plant J. 1992; 2: 837-44, which is fully incorporated herein by reference], arabidopsis Pho1 [SEQ ID NO: 4870 (arabidopsis Pho1 Promoter); Hamburger et al., Plant Cell. 2002; 14: 889-902, which is fully incorporated herein by reference], ExpansinB promoters, e.g., rice ExpB5 [SEQ ID NO:4871 (rice ExpB5 longer promoter) and SEQ ID NO: 4872 (rice ExpB5 promoter)] and Barley ExpB1 [SEQ ID NO: 4873 (barley ExpB1 Promoter), Won et al. Mol Cells. 2010; 30:369-76, which is fully incorporated herein by reference], barley SS2 (sucrose synthase 2) [(SEQ ID NO: 4874), Guerin and Carbonero, Plant Physiology May 1997 vol. 114 no. 1 55-62, which is fully incorporated herein by reference], and rice PG5a [SEQ ID NO:4875, U.S. Pat. No. 7,700,835, Nakase et al., Plant Mol Biol. 32:621-30, 1996, each of which is fully incorporated herein by reference].
Suitable constitutive promoters include, for example, CaMV 35S promoter [SEQ ID NO: 4876 (CaMV 35S (QFNC) Promoter); SEQ ID NO: 4877 (PJJ 35S from Brachypodium); SEQ ID NO: 4878 (CaMV 35S (OLD) Promoter) (Odell et al., Nature 313:810-812, 1985)], Arabidopsis At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4879 (Arabidopsis At6669 (OLD) Promoter); see PCT Publication No. W004081173A2 or the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4880 (Arabidopsis At6669 (NEW) Promoter)); maize Ub1 Promoter [cultivar Nongda 105 (SEQ ID NO:4865); GenBank: DQ141598.1; Taylor et al., Plant Cell Rep 1993 12: 491-495, which is fully incorporated herein by reference; and cultivar B73 (SEQ ID NO:4866); Christensen, A H, et al. Plant Mol. Biol. 18 (4), 675-689 (1992), which is fully incorporated herein by reference]; rice actin 1 (SEQ ID NO: 4867, McElroy et al., Plant Cell 2:163-171, 1990); pEMU (Last et al., Theor. Appl. Genet. 81:581-588, 1991); CaMV 19S (Nilsson et al., Physiol. Plant 100:456-462, 1997); rice GOS2 [SEQ ID NO: 4868 (rice GOS2 longer Promoter) and SEQ ID NO: 4869 (rice GOS2 Promoter), de Pater et al, Plant J November; 2(6):837-44, 1992]; RBCS promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4881); Rice cyclophilin (Bucholz et al, Plant Mol Biol. 25(5):837-43, 1994); Maize H3 histone (Lepetit et al, Mol. Gen. Genet. 231: 276-285, 1992); Actin 2 (An et al, Plant J. 10(1); 107-121, 1996) and Synthetic Super MAS (Ni et al., The Plant Journal 7: 661-76, 1995). Other constitutive promoters include those in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,659,026, 5,608,149; 5,608,144; 5,604,121; 5,569,597: 5,466,785; 5,399,680; 5,268,463; and 5,608,142.
Suitable tissue-specific promoters include, but not limited to, leaf-specific promoters [e.g., AT5G06690 (Thioredoxin) (high expression, SEQ ID NO: 4882), AT5G61520 (AtSTP3) (low expression, SEQ ID NO: 4883) described in Buttner et al 2000 Plant, Cell and Environment 23, 175-184, or the promoters described in Yamamoto et al., Plant J. 12:255-265, 1997; Kwon et al., Plant Physiol. 105:357-67, 1994; Yamamoto et al., Plant Cell Physiol. 35:773-778, 1994; Gotor et al., Plant J. 3:509-18, 1993; Orozco et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 23:1129-1138, 1993; and Matsuoka et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:9586-9590, 1993; as well as Arabidopsis STP3 (AT5G61520) promoter (Buttner et al., Plant, Cell and Environment 23:175-184, 2000)], seed-preferred promoters [e.g., Napin (originated from Brassica napus which is characterized by a seed specific promoter activity; Stuitje A. R. et. al. Plant Biotechnology Journal 1 (4): 301-309; SEQ ID NO: 4884 (Brassica napus NAPIN Promoter) from seed specific genes (Simon, et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 5. 191, 1985; Scofield, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 262: 12202, 1987; Baszczynski, et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 14: 633, 1990), rice PG5a (SEQ ID NO: 4875; U.S. Pat. No. 7,700,835), early seed development Arabidopsis BAN (AT1G61720) (SEQ ID NO: 4885, US 2009/0031450 A1), late seed development Arabidopsis ABI3 (AT3G24650) (SEQ ID NO: 4886 (Arabidopsis ABI3 (AT3G24650) longer Promoter) or 4887 (Arabidopsis ABI3 (AT3G24650) Promoter)) (Ng et al., Plant Molecular Biology 54: 25-38, 2004), Brazil Nut albumin (Pearson' et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 18: 235-245, 1992), legumin (Ellis, et al. Plant Mol. Biol. 10: 203-214, 1988), Glutelin (rice) (Takaiwa, et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 208: 15-22, 1986; Takaiwa, et al., FEBS Letts. 221: 43-47, 1987), Zein (Matzke et al Plant Mol Biol, 143). 323-32 1990), napA (Stalberg, et al, Planta 199: 515-519, 1996), Wheat SPA (SEQ ID NO:4856; Albanietal, Plant Cell, 9: 171-184, 1997), sunflower oleosin (Cummins, et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 19: 873-876, 1992)], endosperm specific promoters [e.g., wheat LMW (SEQ ID NO: 4857 (Wheat LMW Longer Promoter), and SEQ ID NO: 4858 (Wheat LMW Promoter) and HMW glutenin-1 [(SEQ ID NO: 4859 (Wheat HMW glutenin-1 longer Promoter)); and SEQ ID NO: 4860 (Wheat HMW glutenin-1 Promoter), Thomas and Flavell, The Plant Cell 2:1171-1180, 1990; Mol Gen Genet 216:81-90, 1989; NAR 17:461-2), wheat alpha, beta and gamma gliadins (SEQ ID NO: 4861 (wheat alpha gliadin (B genome) promoter); SEQ ID NO: 4862 (wheat gamma gliadin promoter); EMBO 3:1409-15, 1984), Barley 1tr1 promoter, barley B1, C, D hordein (Theor Appl Gen 98:1253-62, 1999; Plant J 4:343-55, 1993; Mol Gen Genet 250:750-60, 1996), Barley DOF (Mena et al, The Plant Journal, 116(1): 53-62, 1998), Biz2 (EP99106056.7), Barley SS2 (SEQ ID NO: 4874 (Barley SS2 Promoter); Guerin and Carbonero Plant Physiology 114: 1 55-62, 1997), wheat Tarp60 (Kovalchuk et al., Plant Mol Biol 71:81-98, 2009), barley D-hordein (D-Hor) and B-hordein (B-Hor) (Agnelo Furtado, Robert J. Henry and Alessandro Pellegrineschi (2009)], Synthetic promoter (Vicente-Carbajosa et al., Plant J. 13: 629-640, 1998), rice prolamin NRP33, rice-globulin Glb-1 (Wu et al, Plant Cell Physiology 39(8) 885-889, 1998), rice alpha-globulin REB/OHP-1 (Nakase et al. Plant Mol. Biol. 33: 513-S22, 1997), rice ADP-glucose PP (Trans Res 6:157-68, 1997), maize ESR gene family (Plant J 12:235-46, 1997), sorgum gamma-kafirin (PMB 32:1029-35, 1996)], embryo specific promoters [e.g., rice OSH1 (Sato et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 93: 8117-8122), KNOX (Postma-Haarsma et al, Plant Mol. Biol. 39:257-71, 1999), rice oleosin (Wu et at, J. Biochem., 123:386, 1998)], and flower-specific promoters [e.g., AtPRP4, chalene synthase (chsA) (Van der Meer, et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 15, 95-109, 1990), LAT52 (Twell et al Mol. Gen Genet. 217:240-245; 1989), Arabidopsis apetala-3 (Tilly et al., Development. 125:1647-57, 1998), Arabidopsis APETALA 1 (AT1G69120, AP1) (SEQ ID NO: 4888 (Arabidopsis (AT1G69120) APETALA 1)) (Hempel et al., Development 124:3845-3853, 1997)], and root promoters [e.g., the ROOTP promoter [SEQ ID NO: 4889]; rice ExpB5 (SEQ ID NO:4872 (rice ExpB5 Promoter); or SEQ ID NO: 4871 (rice ExpB5 longer Promoter)) and barley ExpB1 promoters (SEQ ID NO:4873) (Won et al. Mol. Cells 30: 369-376, 2010); arabidopsis ATTPS-CIN (AT3G25820) promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4890; Chen et al., Plant Phys 135:1956-66, 2004); arabidopsis Pho1 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4870, Hamburger et al., Plant Cell. 14: 889-902, 2002), which is also slightly induced by stress].
Suitable abiotic stress-inducible promoters include, but not limited to, salt-inducible promoters such as RD29A (Yamaguchi-Shinozalei et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 236:331-340, 1993); drought-inducible promoters such as maize rab17 gene promoter (Pla et. al., Plant Mol. Biol. 21:259-266, 1993), maize rab28 gene promoter (Busk et. al., Plant J. 11:1285-1295, 1997) and maize Ivr2 gene promoter (Pelleschi et. al., Plant Mol. Biol. 39:373-380, 1999); heat-inducible promoters such as heat tomato hsp80-promoter from tomato (U.S. Pat. No. 5,187,267).
The nucleic acid construct of some embodiments of the invention can further include an appropriate selectable marker and/or an origin of replication. According to some embodiments of the invention, the nucleic acid construct utilized is a shuttle vector, which can propagate both in E. coli (wherein the construct comprises an appropriate selectable marker and origin of replication) and be compatible with propagation in cells. The construct according to the present invention can be, for example, a plasmid, a bacmid, a phagemid, a cosmid, a phage, a virus or an artificial chromosome.
The nucleic acid construct of some embodiments of the invention can be utilized to stably or transiently transform plant cells. In stable transformation, the exogenous polynucleotide is integrated into the plant genome and as such it represents a stable and inherited trait. In transient transformation, the exogenous polynucleotide is expressed by the cell transformed but it is not integrated into the genome and as such it represents a transient trait.
There are various methods of introducing foreign genes into both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants (Potrykus, I., Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol., Plant. Mol. Biol. (1991) 42:205-225; Shimamoto et al., Nature (1989) 338:274-276).
The principle methods of causing stable integration of exogenous DNA into plant genomic DNA include two main approaches:
(i) Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer: Klee et al. (1987) Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 38:467-486; Klee and Rogers in Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics of Plants, Vol. 6, Molecular Biology of Plant Nuclear Genes, eds. Schell, J., and Vasil, L. K., Academic Publishers, San Diego, Calif. (1989) p. 2-25; Gatenby, in Plant Biotechnology, eds. Kung, S. and Arntzen, C. J., Butterworth Publishers, Boston, Mass. (1989) p. 93-112.
(ii) Direct DNA uptake: Paszkowski et al., in Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics of Plants, Vol. 6, Molecular Biology of Plant Nuclear Genes eds. Schell, J., and Vasil, L. K., Academic Publishers, San Diego, Calif. (1989) p. 52-68; including methods for direct uptake of DNA into protoplasts, Toriyama, K. et al. (1988) Bio/Technology 6:1072-1074. DNA uptake induced by brief electric shock of plant cells: Zhang et al. Plant Cell Rep. (1988) 7:379-384. Fromm et al. Nature (1986) 319:791-793. DNA injection into plant cells or tissues by particle bombardment, Klein et al. Bio/Technology (1988) 6:559-563; McCabe et al. Bio/Technology (1988) 6:923-926; Sanford, Physiol. Plant. (1990) 79:206-209; by the use of micropipette systems: Neuhaus et al., Theor. Appl. Genet. (1987) 75:30-36; Neuhaus and Spangenberg, Physiol. Plant. (1990) 79:213-217; glass fibers or silicon carbide whisker transformation of cell cultures, embryos or callus tissue, U.S. Pat. No. 5,464,765 or by the direct incubation of DNA with germinating pollen, DeWet et al. in Experimental Manipulation of Ovule Tissue, eds. Chapman, G. P. and Mantell, S. H. and Daniels, W. Longman, London, (1985) p. 197-209; and Ohta, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1986) 83:715-719.
The Agrobacterium system includes the use of plasmid vectors that contain defined DNA segments that integrate into the plant genomic DNA. Methods of inoculation of the plant tissue vary depending upon the plant species and the Agrobacterium delivery system. A widely used approach is the leaf disc procedure which can be performed with any tissue explant that provides a good source for initiation of whole plant differentiation. See, e.g., Horsch et al. in Plant Molecular Biology Manual AS, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1988) p. 1-9. A supplementary approach employs the Agrobacterium delivery system in combination with vacuum infiltration. The Agrobacterium system is especially viable in the creation of transgenic dicotyledonous plants.
There are various methods of direct DNA transfer into plant cells. In electroporation, the protoplasts are briefly exposed to a strong electric field. In microinjection, the DNA is mechanically injected directly into the cells using very small micropipettes. In microparticle bombardment, the DNA is adsorbed on microprojectiles such as magnesium sulfate crystals or tungsten particles, and the microprojectiles are physically accelerated into cells or plant tissues.
Following stable transformation plant propagation is exercised. The most common method of plant propagation is by seed. Regeneration by seed propagation, however, has the deficiency that due to heterozygosity there is a lack of uniformity in the crop, since seeds are produced by plants according to the genetic variances governed by Mendelian rules. Basically, each seed is genetically different and each will grow with its own specific traits. Therefore, it is preferred that the transformed plant be produced such that the regenerated plant has the identical traits and characteristics of the parent transgenic plant. Therefore, it is preferred that the transformed plant be regenerated by micropropagation which provides a rapid, consistent reproduction of the transformed plants.
Micropropagation is a process of growing new generation plants from a single piece of tissue that has been excised from a selected parent plant or cultivar. This process permits the mass reproduction of plants having the preferred tissue expressing the fusion protein. The new generation plants which are produced are genetically identical to, and have all of the characteristics of, the original plant. Micropropagation allows mass production of quality plant material in a short period of time and offers a rapid multiplication of selected cultivars in the preservation of the characteristics of the original transgenic or transformed plant. The advantages of cloning plants are the speed of plant multiplication and the quality and uniformity of plants produced.
Micropropagation is a multi-stage procedure that requires alteration of culture medium or growth conditions between stages. Thus, the micropropagation process involves four basic stages: Stage one, initial tissue culturing; stage two, tissue culture multiplication; stage three, differentiation and plant formation; and stage four, greenhouse culturing and hardening. During stage one, initial tissue culturing, the tissue culture is established and certified contaminant-free. During stage two, the initial tissue culture is multiplied until a sufficient number of tissue samples are produced from the seedlings to meet production goals. During stage three, the tissue samples grown in stage two are divided and grown into individual plantlets. At stage four, the transformed plantlets are transferred to a greenhouse for hardening where the plants' tolerance to light is gradually increased so that it can be grown in the natural environment.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the transgenic plants are generated by transient transformation of leaf cells, meristematic cells or the whole plant.
Transient transformation can be effected by any of the direct DNA transfer methods described above or by viral infection using modified plant viruses.
Viruses that have been shown to be useful for the transformation of plant hosts include CaMV, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), brome mosaic virus (BMV) and Bean Common Mosaic Virus (BV or BCMV). Transformation of plants using plant viruses is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,855,237 (bean golden mosaic virus; BGV), EP-A 67,553 (TMV), Japanese Published Application No. 63-14693 (TMV), EPA 194,809 (BV), EPA 278,667 (BV); and Gluzman, Y. et al., Communications in Molecular Biology: Viral Vectors, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, pp. 172-189 (1988). Pseudovirus particles for use in expressing foreign DNA in many hosts, including plants are described in WO 87/06261.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the virus used for transient transformations is avirulent and thus is incapable of causing severe symptoms such as reduced growth rate, mosaic, ring spots, leaf roll, yellowing, streaking, pox formation, tumor formation and pitting. A suitable avirulent virus may be a naturally occurring avirulent virus or an artificially attenuated virus. Virus attenuation may be effected by using methods well known in the art including, but not limited to, sub-lethal heating, chemical treatment or by directed mutagenesis techniques such as described, for example, by Kurihara and Watanabe (Molecular Plant Pathology 4:259-269, 2003), Gal-on et al. (1992), Atreya et al. (1992) and Huet et al. (1994).
Suitable virus strains can be obtained from available sources such as, for example, the American Type culture Collection (ATCC) or by isolation from infected plants. Isolation of viruses from infected plant tissues can be effected by techniques well known in the art such as described, for example by Foster and Taylor, Eds. “Plant Virology Protocols: From Virus Isolation to Transgenic Resistance (Methods in Molecular Biology (Humana Pr), Vol 81)”, Humana Press, 1998. Briefly, tissues of an infected plant believed to contain a high concentration of a suitable virus, preferably young leaves and flower petals, are ground in a buffer solution (e.g., phosphate buffer solution) to produce a virus infected sap which can be used in subsequent inoculations.
Construction of plant RNA viruses for the introduction and expression of non-viral exogenous polynucleotide sequences in plants is demonstrated by the above references as well as by Dawson, W. O. et al., Virology (1989) 172:285-292; Takamatsu et al. EMBO J. (1987) 6:307-311; French et al. Science (1986) 231:1294-1297; Takamatsu et al. FEBS Letters (1990) 269:73-76; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,316,931.
When the virus is a DNA virus, suitable modifications can be made to the virus itself. Alternatively, the virus can first be cloned into a bacterial plasmid for ease of constructing the desired viral vector with the foreign DNA. The virus can then be excised from the plasmid. If the virus is a DNA virus, a bacterial origin of replication can be attached to the viral DNA, which is then replicated by the bacteria. Transcription and translation of this DNA will produce the coat protein which will encapsidate the viral DNA. If the virus is an RNA virus, the virus is generally cloned as a cDNA and inserted into a plasmid. The plasmid is then used to make all of the constructions. The RNA virus is then produced by transcribing the viral sequence of the plasmid and translation of the viral genes to produce the coat protein(s) which encapsidate the viral RNA.
In one embodiment, a plant viral polynucleotide is provided in which the native coat protein coding sequence has been deleted from a viral polynucleotide, a non-native plant viral coat protein coding sequence and a non-native promoter, preferably the subgenomic promoter of the non-native coat protein coding sequence, capable of expression in the plant host, packaging of the recombinant plant viral polynucleotide, and ensuring a systemic infection of the host by the recombinant plant viral polynucleotide, has been inserted. Alternatively, the coat protein gene may be inactivated by insertion of the non-native polynucleotide sequence within it, such that a protein is produced. The recombinant plant viral polynucleotide may contain one or more additional non-native subgenomic promoters. Each non-native subgenomic promoter is capable of transcribing or expressing adjacent genes or polynucleotide sequences in the plant host and incapable of recombination with each other and with native subgenomic promoters. Non-native (foreign) polynucleotide sequences may be inserted adjacent the native plant viral subgenomic promoter or the native and a non-native plant viral subgenomic promoters if more than one polynucleotide sequence is included. The non-native polynucleotide sequences are transcribed or expressed in the host plant under control of the subgenomic promoter to produce the desired products.
In a second embodiment, a recombinant plant viral polynucleotide is provided as in the first embodiment except that the native coat protein coding sequence is placed adjacent one of the non-native coat protein subgenomic promoters instead of a non-native coat protein coding sequence.
In a third embodiment, a recombinant plant viral polynucleotide is provided in which the native coat protein gene is adjacent its subgenomic promoter and one or more non-native subgenomic promoters have been inserted into the viral polynucleotide. The inserted non-native subgenomic promoters are capable of transcribing or expressing adjacent genes in a plant host and are incapable of recombination with each other and with native subgenomic promoters. Non-native polynucleotide sequences may be inserted adjacent the non-native subgenomic plant viral promoters such that the sequences are transcribed or expressed in the host plant under control of the subgenomic promoters to produce the desired product.
In a fourth embodiment, a recombinant plant viral polynucleotide is provided as in the third embodiment except that the native coat protein coding sequence is replaced by a non-native coat protein coding sequence.
The viral vectors are encapsidated by the coat proteins encoded by the recombinant plant viral polynucleotide to produce a recombinant plant virus. The recombinant plant viral polynucleotide or recombinant plant virus is used to infect appropriate host plants. The recombinant plant viral polynucleotide is capable of replication in the host, systemic spread in the host, and transcription or expression of foreign gene(s) (exogenous polynucleotide) in the host to produce the desired protein.
Techniques for inoculation of viruses to plants may be found in Foster and Taylor, eds. “Plant Virology Protocols: From Virus Isolation to Transgenic Resistance (Methods in Molecular Biology (Humana Pr), Vol 81)”, Humana Press, 1998; Maramorosh and Koprowski, eds. “Methods in Virology” 7 vols, Academic Press, New York 1967-1984; Hill, S. A. “Methods in Plant Virology”, Blackwell, Oxford, 1984; Walkey, D. G. A. “Applied Plant Virology”, Wiley, New York, 1985; and Kado and Agrawa, eds. “Principles and Techniques in Plant Virology”, Van Nostrand-Reinhold, New York.
In addition to the above, the polynucleotide of the present invention can also be introduced into a chloroplast genome thereby enabling chloroplast expression.
A technique for introducing exogenous polynucleotide sequences to the genome of the chloroplasts is known. This technique involves the following procedures. First, plant cells are chemically treated so as to reduce the number of chloroplasts per cell to about one. Then, the exogenous polynucleotide is introduced via particle bombardment into the cells with the aim of introducing at least one exogenous polynucleotide molecule into the chloroplasts. The exogenous polynucleotides selected such that it is integratable into the chloroplast's genome via homologous recombination which is readily effected by enzymes inherent to the chloroplast. To this end, the exogenous polynucleotide includes, in addition to a gene of interest, at least one polynucleotide stretch which is derived from the chloroplast's genome. In addition, the exogenous polynucleotide includes a selectable marker, which serves by sequential selection procedures to ascertain that all or substantially all of the copies of the chloroplast genomes following such selection will include the exogenous polynucleotide. Further details relating to this technique are found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,945,050; and 5,693,507 which are incorporated herein by reference. A polypeptide can thus be produced by the protein expression system of the chloroplast and become integrated into the chloroplast's inner membrane.
According to some embodiments, there is provided a method of improving nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a grafted plant, the method comprising providing a scion that does not transgenically express a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least 80% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, and 2898-4855 and a plant rootstock that transgenically expresses a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% homologous (or identical) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855 (e.g., in a constitutive or an abiotic stress responsive manner), thereby improving the nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of the grafted plant.
In some embodiments, the plant scion is non-transgenic.
Several embodiments relate to a grafted plant exhibiting improved nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, and/or abiotic stress tolerance, comprising a scion that does not transgenically express a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least 80% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794 and 2898-4855 and a plant rootstock that transgenically expresses a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% homologous (or identical) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855.
In some embodiments, the plant root stock transgenically expresses a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% homologous (or identical) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855 in a stress responsive manner.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the plant root stock transgenically expresses a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-4854 and 4855.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the plant root stock transgenically expresses a polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, and 795-2897.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the plant root stock transgenically expresses a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, and 795-2897.
Since processes which increase nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, oil content, yield, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, growth rate, biomass, vigor and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant can involve multiple genes acting additively or in synergy (see, for example, in Quesda et al., Plant Physiol. 130:951-063, 2002), the present invention also envisages expressing a plurality of exogenous polynucleotides in a single host plant to thereby achieve superior effect on nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, oil content, yield, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, growth rate, biomass, vigor and/or abiotic stress tolerance.
Expressing a plurality of exogenous polynucleotides in a single host plant can be effected by co-introducing multiple nucleic acid constructs, each including a different exogenous polynucleotide, into a single plant cell. The transformed cell can then be regenerated into a mature plant using the methods described hereinabove.
Alternatively, expressing a plurality of exogenous polynucleotides in a single host plant can be effected by co-introducing into a single plant-cell a single nucleic-acid construct including a plurality of different exogenous polynucleotides. Such a construct can be designed with a single promoter sequence which can transcribe a polycistronic messenger RNA including all the different exogenous polynucleotide sequences. To enable co-translation of the different polypeptides encoded by the polycistronic messenger RNA, the polynucleotide sequences can be inter-linked via an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) sequence which facilitates translation of polynucleotide sequences positioned downstream of the IRES sequence. In this case, a transcribed polycistronic RNA molecule encoding the different polypeptides described above will be translated from both the capped 5′ end and the two internal IRES sequences of the polycistronic RNA molecule to thereby produce in the cell all different polypeptides. Alternatively, the construct can include several promoter sequences each linked to a different exogenous polynucleotide sequence.
The plant cell transformed with the construct including a plurality of different exogenous polynucleotides, can be regenerated into a mature plant, using the methods described hereinabove.
Alternatively, expressing a plurality of exogenous polynucleotides in a single host plant can be effected by introducing different nucleic acid constructs, including different exogenous polynucleotides, into a plurality of plants. The regenerated transformed plants can then be cross-bred and resultant progeny selected for superior abiotic stress tolerance, water use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, growth, biomass, yield and/or vigor traits, using conventional plant breeding techniques.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprising growing the plant expressing the exogenous polynucleotide under the abiotic stress.
Non-limiting examples of abiotic stress conditions include, salinity, osmotic stress, drought, water deprivation, excess of water (e.g., flood, waterlogging), etiolation, low temperature (e.g., cold stress), high temperature, heavy metal toxicity, anaerobiosis, nutrient deficiency (e.g., nitrogen deficiency or nitrogen limitation), nutrient excess, atmospheric pollution and UV irradiation.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprising growing the plant expressing the exogenous polynucleotide under fertilizer limiting conditions (e.g., nitrogen-limiting conditions). Non-limiting examples include growing the plant on soils with low nitrogen content (40-50% Nitrogen of the content present under normal or optimal conditions), or even under sever nitrogen deficiency (0-10% Nitrogen of the content present under normal or optimal conditions).
Thus, the invention encompasses plants exogenously expressing the polynucleotide(s), the nucleic acid constructs and/or polypeptide(s) of the invention.
Once expressed within the plant cell or the entire plant, the level of the polypeptide encoded by the exogenous polynucleotide can be determined by methods well known in the art such as, activity assays, Western blots using antibodies capable of specifically binding the polypeptide, Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA), radio-immuno-assays (RIA), immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence and the like.
Methods of determining the level in the plant of the RNA transcribed from the exogenous polynucleotide are well known in the art and include, for example, Northern blot analysis, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis (including quantitative, semi-quantitative or real-time RT-PCR) and RNA-in situ hybridization.
The sequence information and annotations uncovered by the present teachings can be harnessed in favor of classical breeding. Thus, sub-sequence data of those polynucleotides described above, can be used as markers for marker assisted selection (MAS), in which a marker is used for indirect selection of a genetic determinant or determinants of a trait of interest (e.g., biomass, growth rate, oil content, yield, abiotic stress tolerance, water use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency and/or fertilizer use efficiency). Nucleic acid data of the present teachings (DNA or RNA sequence) may contain or be linked to polymorphic sites or genetic markers on the genome such as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), DNA fingerprinting (DFP), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), expression level polymorphism, polymorphism of the encoded polypeptide and any other polymorphism at the DNA or RNA sequence.
Examples of marker assisted selections include, but are not limited to, selection for a morphological trait (e.g., a gene that affects form, coloration, male sterility or resistance such as the presence or absence of awn, leaf sheath coloration, height, grain color, aroma of rice); selection for a biochemical trait (e.g., a gene that encodes a protein that can be extracted and observed; for example, isozymes and storage proteins); selection for a biological trait (e.g., pathogen races or insect biotypes based on host pathogen or host parasite interaction can be used as a marker since the genetic constitution of an organism can affect its susceptibility to pathogens or parasites).
The polynucleotides and polypeptides described hereinabove can be used in a wide range of economical plants, in a safe and cost effective manner.
Plant lines exogenously expressing the polynucleotide or the polypeptide of the invention are screened to identify those that show the greatest increase of the desired plant trait.
Thus, according to an additional embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of evaluating a trait of a plant, the method comprising: (a) expressing in a plant or a portion thereof the nucleic acid construct of some embodiments of the invention; and (b) evaluating a trait of a plant as compared to a wild type plant of the same type (e.g., a plant not transformed with the claimed biomolecules); thereby evaluating the trait of the plant.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention there is provided a method of producing a crop comprising growing a crop of a plant expressing an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% homologous (e.g., identical) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855, wherein said plant is derived from a plant selected for increased fertilizer use efficiency, increased nitrogen use efficiency, increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, and/or increased photosynthetic capacity as compared to a control plant, thereby producing the crop.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of producing a crop comprising growing a crop plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% homologous (e.g., identical) to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 and 4855, wherein the crop plant is derived from plants selected for increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency) as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, and the crop plant having the increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency), thereby producing the crop.
According to some embodiments of the invention the polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-4854 and 4855.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention there is provided a method of producing a crop comprising growing a crop of a plant expressing an exogenous polynucleotide which comprises a nucleic acid sequence which is at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:1-495, 795-2896 and 2897, wherein said plant is derived from a plant (parent plant) that has been transformed to express the exogenous polynucleotide and that has been selected for increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency) as compared to a control plant, thereby producing the crop.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present invention there is provided a method of producing a crop comprising growing a crop plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide at least 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or more say 100% identical to the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897, wherein the crop plant is derived from plants selected for increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency) as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, and the crop plant having the increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency), thereby producing the crop.
According to some embodiments of the invention the exogenous polynucleotide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897.
According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention there is provided a method of growing a crop comprising seeding seeds and/or planting plantlets of a plant transformed with the exogenous polynucleotide of the invention, e.g., the polynucleotide which encodes the polypeptide of some embodiments of the invention, wherein the plant is derived from plants selected for at least one trait selected from the group consisting of increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency) as compared to a non-transformed plant.
According to some embodiments of the invention the method of growing a crop comprising seeding seeds and/or planting plantlets of a plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 496-794, 2898-3645, 3647-4854 or 4855, wherein the plant is derived from plants selected for at least one trait selected from the group consisting of increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency) as compared to a non-transformed plant, thereby growing the crop.
According to some embodiments of the invention the polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 496-794, 2898-4854 and 4855.
According to some embodiments of the invention the method of growing a crop comprising seeding seeds and/or planting plantlets of a plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising the nucleic acid sequence at least about 80%, at least about 81%, at least about 82%, at least about 83%, at least about 84%, at least about 85%, at least about 86%, at least about 87%, at least about 88%, at least about 89%, at least about 90%, at least about 91%, at least about 92%, at least about 93%, at least about 93%, at least about 94%, at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, e.g., 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 1-495, 795-2896 or 2897, wherein the plant is derived from plants selected for at least one trait selected from the group consisting of increased abiotic stress tolerance, increased water use efficiency, increased growth rate, increased vigor, increased biomass, increased oil content, increased yield, increased seed yield, increased fiber yield, increased fiber quality, increased fiber length, increased photosynthetic capacity, and/or increased fertilizer use efficiency (e.g., increased nitrogen use efficiency) as compared to a non-transformed plant, thereby growing the crop.
According to some embodiments of the invention the exogenous polynucleotide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, 795-2896 and 2897.
The effect of the transgene (the exogenous polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide) on abiotic stress tolerance can be determined using known methods such as detailed below and in the Examples section which follows.
Abiotic stress tolerance—Transformed (i.e., expressing the transgene) and non-transformed (wild type) plants are exposed to an abiotic stress condition, such as water deprivation, suboptimal temperature (low temperature, high temperature), nutrient deficiency, nutrient excess, a salt stress condition, osmotic stress, heavy metal toxicity, anaerobiosis, atmospheric pollution and UV irradiation.
Salinity tolerance assay—Transgenic plants with tolerance to high salt concentrations are expected to exhibit better germination, seedling vigor or growth in high salt. Salt stress can be effected in many ways such as, for example, by irrigating the plants with a hyperosmotic solution, by cultivating the plants hydroponically in a hyperosmotic growth solution (e.g., Hoagland solution), or by culturing the plants in a hyperosmotic growth medium [e.g., 50% Murashige-Skoog medium (MS medium)]. Since different plants vary considerably in their tolerance to salinity, the salt concentration in the irrigation water, growth solution, or growth medium can be adjusted according to the specific characteristics of the specific plant cultivar or variety, so as to inflict a mild or moderate effect on the physiology and/or morphology of the plants (for guidelines as to appropriate concentration see, Bernstein and Kafkafi, Root Growth Under Salinity Stress In: Plant Roots, The Hidden Half 3rd ed. Waisel Y, Eshel A and Kafkafi U. (editors) Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 2002, and reference therein).
For example, a salinity tolerance test can be performed by irrigating plants at different developmental stages with increasing concentrations of sodium chloride (for example 50 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM, 400 mM NaCl) applied from the bottom and from above to ensure even dispersal of salt. Following exposure to the stress condition the plants are frequently monitored until substantial physiological and/or morphological effects appear in wild type plants. Thus, the external phenotypic appearance, degree of wilting and overall success to reach maturity and yield progeny are compared between control and transgenic plants.
Quantitative parameters of tolerance measured include, but are not limited to, the average wet and dry weight, growth rate, leaf size, leaf coverage (overall leaf area), the weight of the seeds yielded, the average seed size and the number of seeds produced per plant. Transformed plants not exhibiting substantial physiological and/or morphological effects, or exhibiting higher biomass than wild-type plants, are identified as abiotic stress tolerant plants.
Osmotic tolerance test—Osmotic stress assays (including sodium chloride and mannitol assays) are conducted to determine if an osmotic stress phenotype was sodium chloride-specific or if it was a general osmotic stress related phenotype. Plants which are tolerant to osmotic stress may have more tolerance to drought and/or freezing. For salt and osmotic stress germination experiments, the medium is supplemented for example with 50 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM NaCl or 100 mM, 200 mM NaCl, 400 mM mannitol.
Drought tolerance assay/Osmoticum assay—Tolerance to drought is performed to identify the genes conferring better plant survival after acute water deprivation. To analyze whether the transgenic plants are more tolerant to drought, an osmotic stress produced by the non-ionic osmolyte sorbitol in the medium can be performed. Control and transgenic plants are germinated and grown in plant-agar plates for 4 days, after which they are transferred to plates containing 500 mM sorbitol. The treatment causes growth retardation, then both control and transgenic plants are compared, by measuring plant weight (wet and dry), yield, and by growth rates measured as time to flowering.
Conversely, soil-based drought screens are performed with plants overexpressing the polynucleotides detailed above. Seeds from control Arabidopsis plants, or other transgenic plants overexpressing the polypeptide of the invention are germinated and transferred to pots. Drought stress is obtained after irrigation is ceased accompanied by placing the pots on absorbent paper to enhance the soil-drying rate. Transgenic and control plants are compared to each other when the majority of the control plants develop severe wilting. Plants are re-watered after obtaining a significant fraction of the control plants displaying a severe wilting. Plants are ranked comparing to controls for each of two criteria: tolerance to the drought conditions and recovery (survival) following re-watering.
Cold stress tolerance—To analyze cold stress, mature (25 day old) plants are transferred to 4° C. chambers for 1 or 2 weeks, with constitutive light. Later on plants are moved back to greenhouse. Two weeks later damages from chilling period, resulting in growth retardation and other phenotypes, are compared between both control and transgenic plants, by measuring plant weight (wet and dry), and by comparing growth rates measured as time to flowering, plant size, yield, and the like.
Heat stress tolerance—Heat stress tolerance is achieved by exposing the plants to temperatures above 34° C. for a certain period. Plant tolerance is examined after transferring the plants back to 22° C. for recovery and evaluation after 5 days relative to internal controls (non-transgenic plants) or plants not exposed to neither cold or heat stress.
Water use efficiency—can be determined as the biomass produced per unit transpiration. To analyze WUE, leaf relative water content can be measured in control and transgenic plants. Fresh weight (FW) is immediately recorded; then leaves are soaked for 8 hours in distilled water at room temperature in the dark, and the turgid weight (TW) is recorded. Total dry weight (DW) is recorded after drying the leaves at 60° C. to a constant weight. Relative water content (RWC) is calculated according to the following Formula I:

RWC=[(FW−DW)/(TW−DW)]×100  Formula I

Fertilizer use efficiency—To analyze whether the transgenic plants are more responsive to fertilizers, plants are grown in agar plates or pots with a limited amount of fertilizer, as described, for example, in Examples 15-17 hereinbelow and in Yanagisawa et al (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004; 101:7833-8). The plants are analyzed for their overall size, time to flowering, yield, protein content of shoot and/or grain. The parameters checked are the overall size of the mature plant, its wet and dry weight, the weight of the seeds yielded, the average seed size and the number of seeds produced per plant. Other parameters that may be tested are: the chlorophyll content of leaves (as nitrogen plant status and the degree of leaf verdure is highly correlated), amino acid and the total protein content of the seeds or other plant parts such as leaves or shoots, oil content, etc. Similarly, instead of providing nitrogen at limiting amounts, phosphate or potassium can be added at increasing concentrations. Again, the same parameters measured are the same as listed above. In this way, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), phosphate use efficiency (PUE) and potassium use efficiency (KUE) are assessed, checking the ability of the transgenic plants to thrive under nutrient restraining conditions.
Nitrogen use efficiency—To analyze whether the transgenic plants (e.g., Arabidopsis plants) are more responsive to nitrogen, plant are grown in 0.75-3 mM (nitrogen deficient conditions) or 6-10 mM (optimal nitrogen concentration). Plants are allowed to grow for additional 25 days or until seed production. The plants are then analyzed for their overall size, time to flowering, yield, protein content of shoot and/or grain/seed production. The parameters checked can be the overall size of the plant, wet and dry weight, the weight of the seeds yielded, the average seed size and the number of seeds produced per plant. Other parameters that may be tested are: the chlorophyll content of leaves (as nitrogen plant status and the degree of leaf greenness is highly correlated), amino acid and the total protein content of the seeds or other plant parts such as leaves or shoots and oil content. Transformed plants not exhibiting substantial physiological and/or morphological effects, or exhibiting higher measured parameters levels than wild-type plants, are identified as nitrogen use efficient plants.
Nitrogen use efficiency assay using plantlets—The assay is done according to Yanagisawa-S. et al. with minor modifications (“Metabolic engineering with Dof1 transcription factor in plants: Improved nitrogen assimilation and growth under low-nitrogen conditions” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 7833-7838). Briefly, transgenic plants which are grown for 7-10 days in 0.5×MS [Murashige-Skoog] supplemented with a selection agent are transferred to two nitrogen-limiting conditions: MS media in which the combined nitrogen concentration (NH4NO3 and KNO3) was 0.75 mM (nitrogen deficient conditions) or 6-15 mM (optimal nitrogen concentration). Plants are allowed to grow for additional 30-40 days and then photographed, individually removed from the Agar (the shoot without the roots) and immediately weighed (fresh weight) for later statistical analysis. Constructs for which only T1 seeds are available are sown on selective media and at least 20 seedlings (each one representing an independent transformation event) are carefully transferred to the nitrogen-limiting media. For constructs for which T2 seeds are available, different transformation events are analyzed. Usually, 20 randomly selected plants from each event are transferred to the nitrogen-limiting media allowed to grow for 3-4 additional weeks and individually weighed at the end of that period. Transgenic plants are compared to control plants grown in parallel under the same conditions. Mock—transgenic plants expressing the uidA reporter gene (GUS) under the same promoter or transgenic plants carrying the same promoter but lacking a reporter gene are used as control.
Nitrogen determination—The procedure for N (nitrogen) concentration determination in the structural parts of the plants involves the potassium persulfate digestion method to convert organic N to NO3− (Purcell and King 1996 Argon. J. 88:111-113, the modified Cd− mediated reduction of NO3− to NO2− (Vodovotz 1996 Biotechniques 20:390-394) and the measurement of nitrite by the Griess assay (Vodovotz 1996, supra). The absorbance values are measured at 550 nm against a standard curve of NaNO2. The procedure is described in details in Samonte et al. 2006 Agron. J. 98:168-176.
Germination tests—Germination tests compare the percentage of seeds from transgenic plants that could complete the germination process to the percentage of seeds from control plants that are treated in the same manner. Normal conditions are considered for example, incubations at 22° C. under 22-hour light 2-hour dark daily cycles. Evaluation of germination and seedling vigor is conducted between 4 and 14 days after planting. The basal media is 50% MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962 Plant Physiology 15, 473-497).
Germination is checked also at unfavorable conditions such as cold (incubating at temperatures lower than 10° C. instead of 22° C.) or using seed inhibition solutions that contain high concentrations of an osmolyte such as sorbitol (at concentrations of 50 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM, 300 mM, 500 mM, and up to 1000 mM) or applying increasing concentrations of salt (of 50 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM, 300 mM, 500 mM NaCl).
The effect of the transgene on plant's vigor, growth rate, biomass, yield and/or oil content can be determined using known methods.
Plant vigor—The plant vigor can be calculated by the increase in growth parameters such as leaf area, fiber length, rosette diameter, plant fresh weight and the like per time.
Growth rate—The growth rate can be measured using digital analysis of growing plants. For example, images of plants growing in greenhouse on plot basis can be captured every 3 days and the rosette area can be calculated by digital analysis. Rosette area growth is calculated using the difference of rosette area between days of sampling divided by the difference in days between samples.
Evaluation of growth rate can be done by measuring plant biomass produced, rosette area, leaf size or root length per time (can be measured in cm2 per day of leaf area).
Relative growth area can be calculated using Formula II.

Relative growth rate area=Regression coefficient of area along time course  Formula II

Thus, the relative growth area rate is in units of area units (e.g., mm2/day or cm2/day) and the relative length growth rate is in units of length units (e.g., cm/day or mm/day).
For example, RGR can be determined for plant height (Formula III), SPAD (Formula IV), Number of tillers (Formula V), root length (Formula VI), vegetative growth (Formula VII), leaf number (Formula VIII), rosette area (Formula IX), rosette diameter (Formula X), plot coverage (Formula XI), leaf blade area (Formula XII), and leaf area (Formula XIII).

Relative growth rate of Plant height=Regression coefficient of Plant height along time course(measured in cm/day).  Formula III

Relative growth rate of SPAD=Regression coefficient of SPAD measurements along time course.  Formula IV

Relative growth rate of Number of tillers=Regression coefficient of Number of tillers along time course(measured in units of “number of tillers/day”).  Formula V

Relative growth rate of root length=Regression coefficient of root length along time course(measured in cm per day).  Formula VI

Vegetative growth rate analysis—was calculated according to Formula VII below.

Relative growth rate of vegetative growth=Regression coefficient of vegetative weight along time course(measured in grams per day).  Formula VII

Relative growth rate of leaf number=Regression coefficient of leaf number along time course(measured in number per day).  Formula VIII

Relative growth rate of rosette area=Regression coefficient of rosette area along time course(measured in cm2 per day).  Formula IX

Relative growth rate of rosette diameter=Regression coefficient of rosette diameter along time course(measured in cm per day).  Formula X

Relative growth rate of plot coverage=Regression coefficient of plot(measured in cm2 per day).  Formula XI

Relative growth rate of leaf blade area=Regression coefficient of leaf area along time course(measured in cm2 per day).  Formula XII

Relative growth rate of leaf area=Regression coefficient of leaf area along time course(measured in cm2 per day).  Formula XIII

1000 Seed Weight=number of seed in sample/sample weight×1000  Formula XIV

The Harvest Index can be calculated using Formulas XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII and XXXVII below.

Harvest Index(seed)=Average seed yield per plant/Average dry weight.  Formula XV

Harvest Index(Sorghum)=Average grain dry weight per Head/(Average vegetative dry weight per Head+Average Head dry weight)  Formula XVI

Harvest Index(Maize)=Average grain weight per plant/(Average vegetative dry weight per plant plus Average grain weight per plant)  Formula XVII

Harvest Index (for barley)—The harvest index is calculated using Formula XVIII.

Harvest Index(for barley and wheat)=Average spike dry weight per plant/(Average vegetative dry weight per plant+Average spike dry weight per plant).  Formula XVIII

Following is a non-limited list of additional parameters which can be detected in order to show the effect of the transgene on the desired plant's traits:

Grain circularity=4×3.14(grain area/perimeter2)  Formula XIX

internode volume=3.14×(d/2)2×1  Formula XX

Normalized ear weight per plant+vegetative dry weight.  Formula XXI

Root/Shoot Ratio=total weight of the root at harvest/total weight of the vegetative portion above ground at harvest.(=RBiH/BiH)  Formula XXII

Ratio of the number of pods per node on main stem at pod set=Total number of pods on main stem/Total number of nodes on main stem.  Formula XXIII

Ratio of total number of seeds in main stem to number of seeds on lateral branches=Total number of seeds on main stem at pod set/Total number of seeds on lateral branches at pod set.  Formula XXIV

Petiole Relative Area=(Petiole area)/Rosette area(measured in %).   Formula XXV

% reproductive tiller percentage=Number of Reproductive tillers/number of tillers)×100.  Formula XXVI

Spikes Index=Average Spikes weight per plant/(Average vegetative dry weight per plant plus Average Spikes weight per plant).  Formula XXVII

Relative growth rate of root coverage=Regression coefficient of root coverage along time course.  Formula XXVIII

Seed Oil yield=Seed yield per plant (gr.)*Oil % in seed.  Formula XXIX

shoot/root Ratio=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground at harvest/total weight of the root at harvest.  Formula XXX

Spikelets Index=Average Spikelets weight per plant/(Average vegetative dry weight per plant plus Average Spikelets weight per plant).  Formula XXXI

% Canopy coverage=(1−(PAR_DOWN/PAR_UP))×100.  Formula XXXII

leaf mass fraction=Leaf area/shoot FW.  Formula XXXIII

Relative growth rate based on dry weight=Regression coefficient of dry weight along time course.  Formula XXXIV

Total dry matter(for Maize)=Normalized ear weight per plant+vegetative dry weight.  Formula XXXV





  
    
      
        
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Harvest Index(brachypodium)=Average grain weight/average dry(vegetative+spikelet)weight per plant.  Formula XXXVII

Harvest Index for Sorghum*(* when the plants were not dried)=FW(fresh weight)Heads/(FW Heads+FW Plants)  Formula XXXVIII

Grain Fill Rate [mg/Day]—
Rate of dry matter accumulation in grain. The grain fill rate is calculated using Formula XXXIX

Grain fill rate [mg/day]=[Grain weight*ear−1×1000]/[Grain number*ear−1]×[Grain filling duration].  Formula XXXIX

Grain protein concentration—Grain protein content (g grain protein m−2) is estimated as the product of the mass of grain N (g grain N m−2) multiplied by the N/protein conversion ratio of k-5.13 (Mosse 1990, supra). The grain protein concentration is estimated as the ratio of grain protein content per unit mass of the grain (g grain protein kg−1 grain).
Fiber length—Fiber length can be measured using fibrograph. The fibrograph system was used to compute length in terms of “Upper Half Mean” length. The upper half mean (UHM) is the average length of longer half of the fiber distribution. The fibrograph measures length in span lengths at a given percentage point (cottoninc (dot) com/ClassificationofCotton/?Pg=4#Length).
According to some embodiments of the invention, increased yield of corn may be manifested as one or more of the following: increase in the number of plants per growing area, increase in the number of ears per plant, increase in the number of rows per ear, number of kernels per ear row, kernel weight, thousand kernel weight (1000-weight), ear length/diameter, increase oil content per kernel and increase starch content per kernel.
As mentioned, the increase of plant yield can be determined by various parameters. For example, increased yield of rice may be manifested by an increase in one or more of the following: number of plants per growing area, number of panicles per plant, number of spikelets per panicle, number of flowers per panicle, increase in the seed filling rate, increase in thousand kernel weight (1000-weight), increase oil content per seed, increase starch content per seed, among others. An increase in yield may also result in modified architecture, or may occur because of modified architecture.
Similarly, increased yield of soybean may be manifested by an increase in one or more of the following: number of plants per growing area, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, increase in the seed filling rate, increase in thousand seed weight (1000-weight), reduce pod shattering, increase oil content per seed, increase protein content per seed, among others. An increase in yield may also result in modified architecture, or may occur because of modified architecture.
Increased yield of canola may be manifested by an increase in one or more of the following: number of plants per growing area, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, increase in the seed filling rate, increase in thousand seed weight (1000-weight), reduce pod shattering, increase oil content per seed, among others. An increase in yield may also result in modified architecture, or may occur because of modified architecture.
Increased yield of cotton may be manifested by an increase in one or more of the following: number of plants per growing area, number of bolls per plant, number of seeds per boll, increase in the seed filling rate, increase in thousand seed weight (1000-weight), increase oil content per seed, improve fiber length, fiber strength, among others. An increase in yield may also result in modified architecture, or may occur because of modified architecture.
Oil content—The oil content of a plant can be determined by extraction of the oil from the seed or the vegetative portion of the plant. Briefly, lipids (oil) can be removed from the plant (e.g., seed) by grinding the plant tissue in the presence of specific solvents (e.g., hexane or petroleum ether) and extracting the oil in a continuous extractor. Indirect oil content analysis can be carried out using various known methods such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, which measures the resonance energy absorbed by hydrogen atoms in the liquid state of the sample [See for example, Conway T F. and Earle E R., 1963, Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society; Springer Berlin/Heidelberg, ISSN: 0003-021X (Print) 1558-9331 (Online)]; the Near Infrared (NI) Spectroscopy, which utilizes the absorption of near infrared energy (1100-2500 nm) by the sample; and a method described in WO/2001/023884, which is based on extracting oil a solvent, evaporating the solvent in a gas stream which forms oil particles, and directing a light into the gas stream and oil particles which forms a detectable reflected light.
Thus, the present invention is of high agricultural value for promoting the yield of commercially desired crops (e.g., biomass of vegetative organ such as poplar wood, or reproductive organ such as number of seeds or seed biomass).
Any of the transgenic plants described hereinabove or parts thereof may be processed to produce a feed, meal, protein or oil preparation, such as for ruminant animals.
The transgenic plants described hereinabove, which exhibit an increased oil content can be used to produce plant oil (by extracting the oil from the plant).
The plant oil (including the seed oil and/or the vegetative portion oil) produced according to the method of the invention may be combined with a variety of other ingredients. The specific ingredients included in a product are determined according to the intended use. Exemplary products include animal feed, raw material for chemical modification, biodegradable plastic, blended food product, edible oil, biofuel, cooking oil, lubricant, biodiesel, snack food, cosmetics, and fermentation process raw material. Exemplary products to be incorporated to the plant oil include animal feeds, human food products such as extruded snack foods, breads, as a food binding agent, aquaculture feeds, fermentable mixtures, food supplements, sport drinks, nutritional food bars, multi-vitamin supplements, diet drinks, and cereal foods.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the oil comprises a seed oil.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the oil comprises a vegetative portion oil (oil of the vegetative portion of the plant).
According to some embodiments of the invention, the plant cell forms a part of a plant.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a food or feed comprising the plants or a portion thereof of the present invention.
As used herein the term “about” refers to ±10%.
The terms “comprises”, “comprising”, “includes”, “including”, “having” and their conjugates mean “including but not limited to”.
The term “consisting of” means “including and limited to”.
The term “consisting essentially of” means that the composition, method or structure may include additional ingredients, steps and/or parts, but only if the additional ingredients, steps and/or parts do not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed composition, method or structure.
As used herein, the singular form “a”, “an” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, the term “a compound” or “at least one compound” may include a plurality of compounds, including mixtures thereof.
Throughout this application, various embodiments of this invention may be presented in a range format. It should be understood that the description in range format is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as an inflexible limitation on the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the description of a range should be considered to have specifically disclosed all the possible subranges as well as individual numerical values within that range. For example, description of a range such as from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed subranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6 etc., as well as individual numbers within that range, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. This applies regardless of the breadth of the range.
Whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to include any cited numeral (fractional or integral) within the indicated range. The phrases “ranging/ranges between” a first indicate number and a second indicate number and “ranging/ranges from” a first indicate number “to” a second indicate number are used herein interchangeably and are meant to include the first and second indicated numbers and all the fractional and integral numerals therebetween.
As used herein the term “method” refers to manners, means, techniques and procedures for accomplishing a given task including, but not limited to, those manners, means, techniques and procedures either known to, or readily developed from known manners, means, techniques and procedures by practitioners of the chemical, pharmacological, biological, biochemical and medical arts.
When reference is made to particular sequence listings, such reference is to be understood to also encompass sequences that substantially correspond to its complementary sequence as including minor sequence variations, resulting from, e.g., sequencing errors, cloning errors, or other alterations resulting in base substitution, base deletion or base addition, provided that the frequency of such variations is less than 1 in 50 nucleotides, alternatively, less than 1 in 100 nucleotides, alternatively, less than 1 in 200 nucleotides, alternatively, less than 1 in 500 nucleotides, alternatively, less than 1 in 1000 nucleotides, alternatively, less than 1 in 5,000 nucleotides, alternatively, less than 1 in 10,000 nucleotides.
It is appreciated that certain features of the invention, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention, which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable subcombination or as suitable in any other described embodiment of the invention. Certain features described in the context of various embodiments are not to be considered essential features of those embodiments, unless the embodiment is inoperative without those elements.
Various embodiments and aspects of the present invention as delineated hereinabove and as claimed in the claims section below find experimental support in the following examples.
EXAMPLES
Reference is now made to the following examples, which together with the above descriptions illustrate some embodiments of the invention in a non limiting fashion.
Generally, the nomenclature used herein and the laboratory procedures utilized in the present invention include molecular, biochemical, microbiological and recombinant DNA techniques. Such techniques are thoroughly explained in the literature. See, for example, “Molecular Cloning: A laboratory Manual” Sambrook et al., (1989); “Current Protocols in Molecular Biology” Volumes I-III Ausubel, R. M., ed. (1994); Ausubel et al., “Current Protocols in Molecular Biology”, John Wiley and Sons, Baltimore, Md. (1989); Perbal, “A Practical Guide to Molecular Cloning”, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1988); Watson et al., “Recombinant DNA”, Scientific American Books, New York; Birren et al. (eds) “Genome Analysis: A Laboratory Manual Series”, Vols. 1-4, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York (1998); methodologies as set forth in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,666,828; 4,683,202; 4,801,531; 5,192,659 and 5,272,057; “Cell Biology: A Laboratory Handbook”, Volumes I-III Cellis, J. E., ed. (1994); “Current Protocols in Immunology” Volumes I-III Coligan J. E., ed. (1994); Stites et al. (eds), “Basic and Clinical Immunology” (8th Edition), Appleton & Lange, Norwalk, Conn. (1994); Mishell and Shiigi (eds), “Selected Methods in Cellular Immunology”, W. H. Freeman and Co., New York (1980); available immunoassays are extensively described in the patent and scientific literature, see, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,791,932; 3,839,153; 3,850,752; 3,850,578; 3,853,987; 3,867,517; 3,879,262; 3,901,654; 3,935,074; 3,984,533; 3,996,345; 4,034,074; 4,098,876; 4,879,219; 5,011,771 and 5,281,521; “Oligonucleotide Synthesis” Gait, M. J., ed. (1984); “Nucleic Acid Hybridization” Hames, B. D., and Higgins S. J., eds. (1985); “Transcription and Translation” Hames, B. D., and Higgins S. J., Eds. (1984); “Animal Cell Culture” Freshney, R. I., ed. (1986); “Immobilized Cells and Enzymes” IRL Press, (1986); “A Practical Guide to Molecular Cloning” Perbal, B., (1984) and “Methods in Enzymology” Vol. 1-317, Academic Press; “PCR Protocols: A Guide To Methods And Applications”, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. (1990); Marshak et al., “Strategies for Protein Purification and Characterization—A Laboratory Course Manual” CSHL Press (1996); all of which are incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein. Other general references are provided throughout this document. The procedures therein are believed to be well known in the art and are provided for the convenience of the reader. All the information contained therein is incorporated herein by reference.
General Experimental and Bioinformatics Methods
RNA extraction—Tissues growing at various growth conditions (as described below) were sampled and RNA was extracted using TRIzol Reagent from Invitrogen [Hypertext Transfer Protocol://World Wide Web (dot) invitrogen (dot) com/content (dot)cfm?pageid=469]. Approximately 30-50 mg of tissue was taken from samples. The weighed tissues were ground using pestle and mortar in liquid nitrogen and resuspended in 500 μl of TRIzol Reagent. To the homogenized lysate, 100 μl of chloroform was added followed by precipitation using isopropanol and two washes with 75% ethanol. The RNA was eluted in 30 μl of RNase-free water. RNA samples were cleaned up using Qiagen's RNeasy minikit clean-up protocol as per the manufacturer's protocol (QIAGEN Inc, CA USA). For convenience, each micro-array expression information tissue type has received an expression Set ID.
Correlation analysis—was performed for selected genes according to some embodiments of the invention, in which the characterized parameters (measured parameters according to the correlation IDs) were used as “x axis” for correlation with the tissue transcriptom which was used as the “Y axis”. For each gene and measured parameter a correlation coefficient “R” was calculated (using Pearson correlation) along with a p-value for the significance of the correlation. When the correlation coefficient (R) between the levels of a gene's expression in a certain tissue and a phenotypic performance across ecotypes/variety/hybrid is high in absolute value (between 0.5-1), there is an association between the gene (specifically the expression level of this gene) the phenotypic characteristic (e.g., improved nitrogen use efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, yield, growth rate and the like).
Example 1
Identifying Genes which Increase Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE), Fertilizer Use Efficiency (FUE), Yield, Growth Rate, Vigor, Biomass, Oil Content, Abiotic Stress Tolerance (ABST) and/or Water Use Efficiency (WUE) in Plants
The present inventors have identified polynucleotides which upregulation of expression thereof in plants increases nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), fertilizer use efficiency (FUE), yield (e.g., seed yield, oil yield, biomass, grain quantity and/or quality), growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, abiotic stress tolerance (ABST) and/or water use efficiency (WUE) of a plant.
All nucleotide sequence datasets used here were originated from publicly available databases or from performing sequencing using the Solexa technology (e.g. Barley and Sorghum). Sequence data from 100 different plant species was introduced into a single, comprehensive database. Other information on gene expression, protein annotation, enzymes and pathways were also incorporated. Major databases used include:

    
    
        Genomes
        
            Arabidopsis genome [TAIR genome version 6 (arabidopsis (dot) org/)]
            Rice genome [IRGSP build 4.0 (rgp (dot) dna (dot) affrc (dot) go (dot) jp/IRGSP/)].
            Poplar [Populus trichocarpa release 1.1 from JGI (assembly release v1.0) (genome (dot) jgi-psf (dot) org/)]
            Brachypodium [JGI 4× assembly, brachpodium (dot) org)]
            Soybean [DOE-JGI SCP, version Glyma0 or Glyma1 (phytozome (dot) net/)]
            Grape [French-Italian Public Consortium for Grapevine Genome Characterization grapevine genome (genoscope (dot) cns (dot) fr/)]
            Castobean [TIGR/J Craig Venter Institute 4× assembly [(msc (dot) jcvi (dot) org/r_communis]
            Sorghum [DOE-JGI SCP, version Sbi1 [phytozome (dot) net/)].
            Maize [maizesequence (dot) org/]
            Cucumber [cucumber (dot) genomics (dot) org (dot) cn/page/cucumber/index (dot) jsp]
            Tomato [solgenomics (dot) net/tomato/]
            Cassava [phytozome (dot) net/cassava (dot) php]
        
        
        Expressed EST and mRNA sequences were extracted from the following databases:
        
            GenBank (ncbi (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov/Genbank/).
            RefSeq (ncbi (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov/RefSeq/).
            TAIR (arabidopsis (dot) org/).
        
        
        Protein and pathway databases
        
            Uniprot [uniprot (dot) org/].
            AraCyc [arabidopsis (dot) org/biocyc/index (dot) jsp].
            ENZYME [expasy (dot) org/enzyme/].
        
        
        Microarray datasets were downloaded from:
        
            GEO (ncbi (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov/geo/)
            TAIR (Arabidopsis (dot) org/).
            Proprietary micro-array data (See WO2008/122980 and Examples 3-11 below).
        
        
        QTL and SNPs information
        
            Gramene [gramene (dot) org/qtl/].
            Panzea [panzea (dot) org/index (dot) html].
            Soybean QTL: [soybeanbreederstoolbox(dot) com/].
        
        
    
    


Database Assembly—was performed to build a wide, rich, reliable annotated and easy database comprised of publicly available genomic mRNA, ESTs DNA sequences, data from various crops as well as gene expression, protein annotation and pathway, QTLs data, and other relevant information.
Database assembly is comprised of a toolbox of gene refining, structuring, annotation and analysis tools enabling to construct a tailored database for each gene discovery project. Gene refining and structuring tools enable to reliably detect splice variants and antisense transcripts, generating understanding of various potential phenotypic outcomes of a single gene. The capabilities of the “LEADS” platform of Compugen LTD for analyzing human genome have been confirmed and accepted by the scientific community [see e.g., “Widespread Antisense Transcription”, Yelin, et al. (2003) Nature Biotechnology 21, 379-85; “Splicing of Alu Sequences”, Lev-Maor, et al. (2003) Science 300 (5623), 1288-91; “Computational analysis of alternative splicing using EST tissue information”, Xie H et al. Genomics 2002], and have been proven most efficient in plant genomics as well.
EST clustering and gene assembly—For gene clustering and assembly of organisms with available genome sequence data (arabidopsis, rice, castorbean, grape, brachypodium, poplar, soybean, sorghum) the genomic LEADS version (GANG) was employed. This tool allows most accurate clustering of ESTs and mRNA sequences on genome, and predicts gene structure as well as alternative splicing events and anti-sense transcription.
For organisms with no available full genome sequence data, “expressed LEADS” clustering software was applied.
Gene annotation—Predicted genes and proteins were annotated as follows:
Sequences blast search [blast (dot) ncbi (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov/Blast (dot) cgi] against all plant UniProt [uniprot (dot) org/] was performed. Open reading frames of each putative transcript were analyzed and longest ORF with higher number of homologues was selected as predicted protein of the transcript. The predicted proteins were analyzed by InterPro [ebi (dot) ac (dot) uk/interpro/].
Blast against proteins from AraCyc and ENZYME databases was used to map the predicted transcripts to AraCyc pathways.
Predicted proteins from different species were compared using blast algorithm [ncbi (dot) nlm (dot) nih (dot) gov/Blast (dot) cgi] to validate the accuracy of the predicted protein sequence, and for efficient detection of orthologs.
Gene expression profiling—Several data sources were exploited for gene expression profiling, namely microarray data and digital expression profile (see below). According to gene expression profile, a correlation analysis was performed to identify genes which are co-regulated under different development stages and environmental conditions and associated with different phenotypes.
Publicly available microarray datasets were downloaded from TAIR and NCBI GEO sites, renormalized, and integrated into the database. Expression profiling is one of the most important resource data for identifying genes important for yield.
A digital expression profile summary was compiled for each cluster according to all keywords included in the sequence records comprising the cluster. Digital expression, also known as electronic Northern Blot, is a tool that displays virtual expression profile based on the EST sequences forming the gene cluster. The tool provides the expression profile of a cluster in terms of plant anatomy (e.g., the tissue/organ in which the gene is expressed), developmental stage (the developmental stages at which a gene can be found) and profile of treatment (provides the physiological conditions under which a gene is expressed such as drought, cold, pathogen infection, etc). Given a random distribution of ESTs in the different clusters, the digital expression provides a probability value that describes the probability of a cluster having a total of N ESTs to contain X ESTs from a certain collection of libraries. For the probability calculations, the following is taken into consideration: a) the number of ESTs in the cluster, b) the number of ESTs of the implicated and related libraries, c) the overall number of ESTs available representing the species. Thereby clusters with low probability values are highly enriched with ESTs from the group of libraries of interest indicating a specialized expression.
Recently, the accuracy of this system was demonstrated by Portnoy et al., 2009 (Analysis Of The Melon Fruit Transcriptome Based On 454 Pyrosequencing) in: Plant & Animal Genomes XVII Conference, San Diego, Calif. Transcriptomic analysis, based on relative EST abundance in data was performed by 454 pyrosequencing of cDNA representing mRNA of the melon fruit. Fourteen double strand cDNA samples obtained from two genotypes, two fruit tissues (flesh and rind) and four developmental stages were sequenced. GS FLX pyrosequencing (Roche/454 Life Sciences) of non-normalized and purified cDNA samples yielded 1,150,657 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) that assembled into 67,477 unigenes (32,357 singletons and 35,120 contigs). Analysis of the data obtained against the Cucurbit Genomics Database [icugi (dot) org/] confirmed the accuracy of the sequencing and assembly. Expression patterns of selected genes fitted well their qRT-PCR data.
Overall, 215 genes were identified to have a major impact on nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield (e.g., seed yield, oil yield, grain quantity and/or quality), growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency when expression thereof is increased in plants. The identified genes, their curated polynucleotide and polypeptide sequences, as well as their updated sequences according to GenBank database are summarized in Table 1, hereinbelow.







TABLE 1







Identified polynucleotides for increasing nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency,


yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, abiotic


stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency of a plant














Polyn.
Polyp.


Gene


SEQ
SEQ


Name
Cluster tag
Organism
ID NO:
ID NO:





LNU749
barley|10v2|AV834836
barley
  1
496


LNU749
barley|10v2|AV834836
barley
  1
712


LNU750
barley|10v2|BE215751
barley
  2
497


LNU750
barley|10v2|BE215751
barley
  2
497


LNU751
barley|10v2|BE413235
barley
  3
498


LNU752
barley|10v2|BE421033
barley
  4
499


LNU753
barley|10v2|BE422116
barley
  5
500


LNU754
barley|10v2|BE601673
barley
  6
501


LNU756
barley|10v2|BF620955
barley
  7
502


LNU757
barley|10v2|BF624113
barley
  8
503


LNU758
barley|10v2|BF629458
barley
  9
504


LNU759
barley|10v2|BM376337
barley
 10
505


LNU760
barley|12v1|CX630466
barley
 11
506


LNU761
barley|12v1|AJ463320
barley
 12
507


LNU762
barley|12v1|AV834698
barley
 13
508


LNU763
barley|12v1|AV836421
barley
 14
509


LNU764
barley|12v1|AV914625
barley
 15
510


LNU766
barley|12v1|AW983189
barley
 16
511


LNU767
barley|12v1|BE196490
barley
 17
512


LNU768
barley|12v1|BE216887
barley
 18
513


LNU769
barley|12v1|BE437319
barley
 19
514


LNU770
barley|12v1|BE602491
barley
 20
515


LNU771
barley|12v1|BF064919
barley
 21
516


LNU772
barley|12v1|BF253521
barley
 22
517


LNU773
barley|12v1|BF256991
barley
 23
518


LNU774
barley|12v1|BF258839
barley
 24
519


LNU775
barley|12v1|BF266348
barley
 25
520


LNU776
barley|12v1|BF266777
barley
 26
521


LNU777
barley|12v1|BF628559
barley
 27
522


LNU778
barley|12v1|BG300262
barley
 28
523


LNU779
barley|12v1|BG309380
barley
 29
524


LNU780
barley|12v1|BI779788
barley
 30
525


LNU781
barley|12v1|BI948718
barley
 31
526


LNU782
barley|12v1|BI950988
barley
 32
527


LNU783
barley|12v1|BI957813
barley
 33
528


LNU784
barley|12v1|BQ762763
barley
 34
529


LNU785
barley|12v1|BU986731
barley
 35
530


LNU786
barley|12v1|EX599010
barley
 36
531


LNU787
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G37175
brachy-
 37
532




podium




LNU788
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G51187
brachy-
 38
533




podium




LNU789
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G64180
brachy-
 39
534




podium




LNU790
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G64950
brachy-
 40
535




podium




LNU791
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G69030
brachy-
 41
536




podium




LNU792
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G51430
brachy-
 42
537




podium




LNU793
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G53980
brachy-
 43
538




podium




LNU794
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G16630T2
brachy-
 44
539




podium




LNU795
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G01230
brachy-
 45
540




podium




LNU796
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G05020
brachy-
 46
541




podium




LNU797
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G07060
brachy-
 47
542




podium




LNU798
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G27334
brachy-
 48
543




podium




LNU799
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G29720
brachy-
 49
544




podium




LNU800
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI5G16060
brachy-
 50
545




podium




LNU801
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI000598M
foxtail_
 51
546




millet




LNU802
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI000948M
foxtail_
 52
547




millet




LNU803
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI003585M
foxtail_
 53
548




millet




LNU804
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI009882M
foxtail_
 54
549




millet




LNU805
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI013938M
foxtail_
 55
550




millet




LNU806
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI014253M
foxtail_
 56
551




millet




LNU807
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI021778M
foxtail_
 57
552




millet




LNU808
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI023199M
foxtail_
 58
553




millet




LNU809
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI036241M
foxtail_
 59
554




millet




LNU810
foxtail_millet|11v3|SICRP086135
foxtail_
 60
555




millet




LNU811
maize|10v1|AI601011
maize
 61
556


LNU813
maize|10v1|AI629666
maize
 62
557


LNU814
maize|10v1|AI637029
maize
 63
558


LNU815
maize|10v1|AI979480
maize
 64
559


LNU816
maize|10v1|AI979737
maize
 65
560


LNU817
maize|10v1|AW231541
maize
 66
561


LNU818
maize|10v1|AW267199
maize
 67
562


LNU819
maize|10v1|AW282410
maize
 68
563


LNU820
maize|10v1|AW288911
maize
 69
564


LNU821
maize|10v1|AW497499
maize
 70
565


LNU822
maize|10v1|AW927651
maize
 71
566


LNU823
maize|10v1|BE512590
maize
 72
567


LNU824
maize|10v1|BE552882
maize
 73
568


LNU825
maize|10v1|BE575202
maize
 74
569


LNU828
maize|10v1|BG458848
maize
 75
570


LNU829
maize|10v1|BG549052
maize
 76
571


LNU830
maize|10v1|BI679654
maize
 77
572


LNU831
maize|10v1|BM269210
maize
 78
573


LNU832
maize|10v1|BM895367
maize
 79
574


LNU833
maize|10v1|BU036574
maize
 80
575


LNU834
maize|10v1|CB816561
maize
 81
576


LNU835
maize|10v1|CD986056
maize
 82
577


LNU837
maize|10v1|CF064369
maize
 83
578


LNU838
maize|10v1|CF634284
maize
 84
579


LNU839
maize|10v1|CO523359
maize
 85
580


LNU840
maize|10v1|DN208554
maize
 86
581


LNU841
maize|10v1|DN225757
maize
 87
582


LNU843
maize|10v1|EE187987
maize
 88
583


LNU844
maize|10v1|T18396
maize
 89
584


LNU845
maize|10v1|W21625
maize
 90
585


LNU846
maize|gb170|AF093537
maize
 91
586


LNU847
medicago|12v1|AL366283
medicago
 92
587


LNU848
rice|11v1|AF072694
rice
 93
588


LNU849
rice|11v1|AU057716
rice
 94
589


LNU850
rice|11v1|BI306328
rice
 95
590


LNU851
rice|11v1|BI813446
rice
 96
591


LNU852
rice|11v1|CA764428
rice
 97
592


LNU853
rice|11v1|CB645176
rice
 98
593


LNU854
rice|11v1|GFXAF377947X27
rice
 99
594


LNU856
sorghum|09v1|SB10G011070
sorghum
100
595


LNU857
sorghum|11v1|SB10G007600
sorghum
101
596


LNU858
sorghum|12v1|AW285114
sorghum
102
597


LNU861
sorghum|12v1|BE918914
sorghum
103
598


LNU862
sorghum|12v1|BG356040
sorghum
104
599


LNU864
sorghum|12v1|CD424245
sorghum
105
600


LNU865
sorghum|12v1|SB0169S002030
sorghum
106
601


LNU866
sorghum|12v1|SB01G003110 
sorghum
107
602


LNU867
sorghum|12v1|SB01G004510 
sorghum
108
603


LNU868
sorghum|12v1|SB01G005240
sorghum
109
604


LNU869
sorghum|12v1|SB01G006870
sorghum
110
605


LNU870
sorghum|12v1|SB01G006930 
sorghum
111
606


LNU871
sorghum|12v1|SB01G007380 
sorghum
112
607


LNU872
sorghum|12v1|SB01G011260 
sorghum
113
608


LNU873
sorghum|12v1|SB01G011890 
sorghum
114
609


LNU874
sorghum|12v1|SB01G015540
sorghum
115
610


LNU875
sorghum|12v1|SB01G017100
sorghum
116
611


LNU876
sorghum|12v1|SB01G032593P1 
sorghum
117
612


LNU878
sorghum|12v1|SB01G035780
sorghum
118
613


LNU879
sorghum|12v1|SB01G040060
sorghum
119
614


LNU880
sorghum|12v1|SB01G046630
sorghum
120
615


LNU881
sorghum|12v1|SB01G047345
sorghum
121
616


LNU882
sorghum|12v1|SB01G048200
sorghum
122
617


LNU883
sorghum|12v1|SB01G048670
sorghum
123
618


LNU884
sorghum|12v1|SB01G048910
sorghum
124
619


LNU885
sorghum|12v1|SB02G001450 
sorghum
125
620


LNU886
sorghum|12v1|SB02G002020 
sorghum
126
621


LNU887
sorghum|12v1|SB02G003980 
sorghum
127
622


LNU888
sorghum|12v1|SB02G009320 
sorghum
128
623


LNU889
sorghum|12v1|SB02G023760
sorghum
129
624


LNU890
sorghum|12v1|SB02G027260 
sorghum
130
625


LNU892
sorghum|12v1|SB02G033210
sorghum
131
626


LNU893
sorghum|12v1|SB02G036470
sorghum
132
627


LNU894
sorghum|12v1|SB02G039430
sorghum
133
628


LNU895
sorghum|12v1|SB02G042020 
sorghum
134
629


LNU896
sorghum|12v1|SB02G043060 
sorghum
135
630


LNU897
sorghum|12v1|SB02G043340
sorghum
136
631


LNU898
sorghum|12v1|SB03G001900
sorghum
137
632


LNU899
sorghum|12v1|SB03G003880
sorghum
138
633


LNU900
sorghum|12v1|SB03G004920
sorghum
139
634


LNU901
sorghum|12v1|SB03G006670
sorghum
140
635


LNU902
sorghum|12v1|SB03G009240
sorghum
141
636


LNU903
sorghum|12v1|SB03G013600 
sorghum
142
637


LNU904
sorghum|12v1|SB03G015670 
sorghum
143
638


LNU905
sorghum|12v1|SB03G025980
sorghum
144
639


LNU906
sorghum|12v1|SB03G028220
sorghum
145
640


LNU907
sorghum|12v1|SB03G029160
sorghum
146
641


LNU908
sorghum|12v1|SB03G030720 
sorghum
147
642


LNU909
sorghum|12v1|SB03G032235
sorghum
148
643


LNU910
sorghum|12v1|SB03G034870
sorghum
149
644


LNU911
sorghum|12v1|SB03G035900
sorghum
150
645


LNU912
sorghum|12v1|SB03G037390
sorghum
151
646


LNU913
sorghum|12v1|SB03G039370
sorghum
152
647


LNU914
sorghum|12v1|SB04G000560
sorghum
153
648


LNU915
sorghum|12v1|SB04G000860
sorghum
154
649


LNU916
sorghum|12v1|SB04G003110
sorghum
155
650


LNU917
sorghum|12v1|SB04G005810
sorghum
156
651


LNU918
sorghum|12v1|SB04G005960
sorghum
157
652


LNU919
sorghum|12v1|SB04G008660
sorghum
158
653


LNU920
sorghum|12v1|SB04G019220
sorghum
159
654


LNU921
sorghum|12v1|SB04G023720
sorghum
160
655


LNU922
sorghum|12v1|SB04G031020
sorghum
161
656


LNU923
sorghum|12v1|SB04G031630
sorghum
162
657


LNU924
sorghum|12v1|SB04G031790
sorghum
163
658


LNU925
sorghum|12v1|SB04G031980
sorghum
164
659


LNU926
sorghum|12v1|SB04G032240
sorghum
165
660


LNU928
sorghum|12v1|SB04G035530
sorghum
166
661


LNU929
sorghum|12v1|SB04G036780
sorghum
167
662


LNU930
sorghum|12v1|SB04G037720
sorghum
168
663


LNU931
sorghum|12v1|SB05G000570
sorghum
169
664


LNU932
sorghum|12v1|SB05G001300
sorghum
170
665


LNU933
sorghum|12v1|SB05G005230
sorghum
171
666


LNU934
sorghum|12v1|SB05G006950
sorghum
172
667


LNU935
sorghum|12v1|SB05G020340
sorghum
173
668


LNU936
sorghum|12v1|SB05G021410
sorghum
174
669


LNU938
sorghum|12v1|SB05G025900
sorghum
175
670


LNU939
sorghum|12v1|SB06G015080
sorghum
176
671


LNU940
sorghum|12v1|SB06G016140
sorghum
177
672


LNU941
sorghum|12v1|SB06G018480
sorghum
178
673


LNU942
sorghum|12v1|SB06G019950
sorghum
179
674


LNU943
sorghum|12v1|SB06G020900
sorghum
180
675


LNU944
sorghum|12v1|SB07G000250
sorghum
181
676


LNU945
sorghum|12v1|SB07G004040
sorghum
182
677


LNU946
sorghum|12v1|SB07G004390
sorghum
183
678


LNU947
sorghum|12v1|SB07G021870
sorghum
184
679


LNU948
sorghum|12v1|SB07G027790
sorghum
185
680


LNU949
sorghum|12v1|SB08G002580
sorghum
186
681


LNU950
sorghum|12v1|SB08G002740
sorghum
187
682


LNU951
sorghum|12v1|SB08G003140
sorghum
188
683


LNU952
sorghum|12v1|SB08G007610
sorghum
189
684


LNU953
sorghum|12v1|SB08G015020
sorghum
190
685


LNU954
sorghum|12v1|SB08G016400
sorghum
191
686


LNU955
sorghum|12v1|SB08G016530
sorghum
192
687


LNU956
sorghum|12v1|SB08G018765
sorghum
193
688


LNU957
sorghum|12v1|SB08G020600
sorghum
194
689


LNU958
sorghum|12v1|SB08G021920
sorghum
195
690


LNU959
sorghum|12v1|SB09G021265
sorghum
196
691


LNU960
sorghum|12v1|SB09G021520
sorghum
197
692


LNU961
sorghum|12v1|SB09G026930
sorghum
198
693


LNU962
sorghum|12v1|SB09G026990
sorghum
199
694


LNU963
sorghum|12v1|SB10G002960
sorghum
200
695


LNU964
sorghum|12v1|SB10G023640
sorghum
201
696


LNU965
sorghum|12v1|SB10G026450
sorghum
202
697


LNU966
sorghum|12v1|SB10G026910
sorghum
203
698


LNU967
sorghum|12v1|SB10G028680
sorghum
204
699


LNU968
sorghum|12v1|SB10G030200
sorghum
205
700


LNU969
sorghum|12v1|XM_002468645
sorghum
206
701


LNU970
soybean|11v1|GLYMA13G20220
soybean
207
702


LNU971
tomato|11v1|AI772930
tomato
208
703


LNU972
tomato|11v1|AI775263
tomato
209
704


LNU975
tomato|11v1|BI422101
tomato
210
705


LNU976
wheat|12v3|CA596628
wheat
211
706


LNU977
wheat|12v3|CK152213
wheat
212
707


LNU760_
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G02117
brachy-
213
708


H1

podium




LNU832_
sorghum|12v1|SB03G013780
sorghum
214
709


H2






LNU834_
sorghum|12v1|SB02G003380
sorghum
215
710


H1






LNU861_
maize|10v1|CF635645
maize
216
711


H3






LNU859
sorghum|12v1|AW677786
sorghum
217



LNU860
sorghum|12v1|BE362249
sorghum
218



LNU863
sorghum|12v1|BG410755
sorghum
219



LNU750
barley|10v2|BE215751
barley
220
713


LNU760
barley|10v2|CX630466
barley
221
714


LNU771
barley|12v1|BF064919
barley
222
715


LNU772
barley|12v1|BF253521
barley
223
716


LNU783
barley|12v1|BI957813
barley
224
528


LNU785
barley|12v1|BU986731
barley
225
717


LNU786
barley|12v1|EX599010
barley
226
718


LNU787
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G37175
brachy-
227
719




podium




LNU790
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G64950
brachy-
228
535




podium




LNU792
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G51430
brachy-
229
537




podium




LNU793
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G53980
brachy-
230
538




podium




LNU795
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G01230
brachy-
231
720




podium




LNU801
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI000598M
foxtail_
232
546




millet




LNU802
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI000948M
foxtail_
233
547




millet




LNU806
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI014253M
foxtail_
234
721




millet




LNU807
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI021778M
foxtail_
235
552




millet




LNU830
maize|10v1|BI679654
maize
236
572


LNU837
maize|10v1|CF064369
maize
237
722


LNU839
maize|10v1|CO523359
maize
238
580


LNU843
maize|10v1|EE187987
maize
239
723


LNU845
maize|10v1|W21625
maize
240
724


LNU847
medicago|12v1|AL366283
medicago
241
725


LNU848
rice|11v1|AF072694
rice
242
588


LNU851
rice|11v1|BI813446
rice
243
591


LNU856
sorghum|09v1|SB10G011070
sorghum
244
726


LNU858
sorghum|12v1|AW285114
sorghum
245
727


LNU862
sorghum|12v1|BG356040
sorghum
246
728


LNU864
sorghum|12v1|CD424245
sorghum
247
600


LNU866
sorghum|12v1|SB01G003110
sorghum
248
729


LNU870
sorghum|12v1|SB01G006930
sorghum
249
730


LNU873
sorghum|12v1|SB01G011890
sorghum
250
609


LNU876
sorghum|12v1|SB01G032593P1
sorghum
251
612


LNU886
sorghum|12v1|SB02G002020
sorghum
252
731


LNU887
sorghum|12v1|SB02G003980
sorghum
253
622


LNU889
sorghum|12v1|SB02G023760
sorghum
254
624


LNU892
sorghum|12v1|SB02G033210
sorghum
255
732


LNU896
sorghum|12v1|SB02G043060
sorghum
256
733


LNU897
sorghum|12v1|SB02G043340
sorghum
257
631


LNU902
sorghum|12v1|SB03G009240
sorghum
258
636


LNU905
sorghum|12v1|SB03G025980
sorghum
259
639


LNU906
sorghum|12v1|SB03G028220
sorghum
260
734


LNU908
sorghum|12v1|SB03G030720
sorghum
261
735


LNU910
sorghum|12v1|SB03G034870
sorghum
262
736


LNU911
sorghum|12v1|SB03G035900
sorghum
263
737


LNU914
sorghum|12v1|SB04G000560
sorghum
264
648


LNU919
sorghum|12v1|SB04G008660
sorghum
265
653


LNU920
sorghum|12v1|SB04G019220
sorghum
266
654


LNU921
sorghum|12v1|SB04G023720
sorghum
267
655


LNU926
sorghum|12v1|SB04G032240
sorghum
268
660


LNU929
sorghum|12v1|SB04G036780
sorghum
269
662


LNU931
sorghum|12v1|SB05G000570 
sorghum
270
664


LNU932
sorghum|12v1|SB05G001300 
sorghum
271
738


LNU935
sorghum|12v1|SB05G020340
sorghum
272
668


LNU936
sorghum|12v1|SB05G021410 
sorghum
273
669


LNU938
sorghum|12v1|SB05G025900 
sorghum
274
670


LNU946
sorghum|12v1|SB07G004390
sorghum
275
678


LNU951
sorghum|12v1|SB08G003140
sorghum
276
739


LNU954
sorghum|12v1|SB08G016400
sorghum
277
740


LNU956
sorghum|12v1|SB08G018765 
sorghum
278
741


LNU960
sorghum|12v1|SB09G021520
sorghum
279
692


LNU962
sorghum|12v1|SB09G026990 
sorghum
280
694


LNU967
sorghum|12v1|SB10G028680
sorghum
281
699


LNU969
sorghum|12v1|XM_002468645
sorghum
282
742


LNU972
tomato|11v1|AI775263
tomato
283
743


LNU975
tomato|11v1|BI422101
tomato
284
744


LNU977
wheat|12v3|CK152213
wheat
285
745


LNU861_
maize|10v1|CF635645
maize
286
746


H3






LNU859
sorghum|12v1|AW677786
sorghum
287



LNU863
sorghum|12v1|BG410755
sorghum
288



LNU749
barley|10v2|AV834836
barley
289
747


LNU751
barley|10v2|BE413235
barley
290
498


LNU752
barley|10v2|BE421033
barley
291
748


LNU753
barley|10v2|BE422116
barley
292
500


LNU754
barley|10v2|BE601673
barley
293
501


LNU756
barley|10v2|BF620955
barley
294
502


LNU757
barley|10v2|BF624113
barley
295
503


LNU758
barley|10v2|BF629458
barley
296
504


LNU759
barley|10v2|BM376337
barley
297
505


LNU761
barley|12v1|AJ463320
barley
298
507


LNU762
barley|12v1|AV834698
barley
299
508


LNU763
barley|12v1|AV836421
barley
300
509


LNU764
barley|12v1|AV914625
barley
301
510


LNU766
barley|12v1|AW983189
barley
302
749


LNU767
barley|12v1|BE196490
barley
303
512


LNU768
barley|12v1|BE216887
barley
304
513


LNU769
barley|12v1|BE437319
barley
305
750


LNU770
barley|12v1|BE602491
barley
306
515


LNU771
barley|12v1|BF064919
barley
307
516


LNU772
barley|12v1|BF253521
barley
308
517


LNU773
barley|12v1|BF256991
barley
309
751


LNU774
barley|12v1|BF258839
barley
310
519


LNU775
barley|12v1|BF266348
barley
311
520


LNU776
barley|12v1|BF266777
barley
312
752


LNU777
barley|12v1|BF628559
barley
313
522


LNU778
barley|12v1|BG300262
barley
314
523


LNU779
barley|12v1|BG309380
barley
315
524


LNU780
barley|12v1|BI779788
barley
316
753


LNU781
barley|12v1|BI948718
barley
317
526


LNU782
barley|12v1|BI950988
barley
318
527


LNU783
barley|12v1|BI957813
barley
319
528


LNU784
barley|12v1|BQ762763
barley
320
754


LNU785
barley|12v1|BU986731
barley
321
530


LNU786
barley|12v1|EX599010
barley
322
755


LNU787
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G37175
brachy-
323
532




podium




LNU788
brachypodium1|12v1|BRADI1G51187
brachy-
324
756




podium




LNU789
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G64180
brachy-
325
534




podium




LNU790
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G64950
brachy-
326
535




podium




LNU791
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G69030
brachy-
327
536




podium




LNU792
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G51430
brachy-
328
537




podium




LNU793
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G53980
brachy-
329
538




podium




LNU794
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G16630T2
brachy-
330
539




podium




LNU795
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G01230
brachy-
331
757




podium




LNU796
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G05020
brachy-
332
541




podium




LNU797
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G07060
brachy-
333
542




podium




LNU798
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G27334
brachy-
334
543




podium




LNU799
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G29720
brachypo
335
544




dium




LNU800
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI5G16060
brachypo
336
545




dium




LNU801
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI000598M
foxtail_
337
546




millet




LNU802
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI000948M
foxtail_
338
547




millet




LNU803
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI003585M
foxtail_
339
548




millet




LNU804
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7S1009882M
foxtail_
340
758




millet




LNU805
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI013938M
foxtail_
341
550




millet




LNU806
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI014253M
foxtail_
342
759




millet




LNU807
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI021778M 
foxtail_
343
552




millet




LNU808
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI023199M
foxtail_
344
553




millet




LNU809
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI036241M 
foxtail_
345
760




millet




LNU811
maize|10v1|AI601011
maize
346
556


LNU813
maize|10v1|AI629666
maize
347
557


LNU814
maize|10v1|AI637029
maize
348
558


LNU815
maize|10v1|AI979480
maize
349
559


LNU816
maize|10v1|AI979737
maize
350
761


LNU817
maize|10v1|AW231541
maize
351
762


LNU818
maize|10v1|AW267199
maize
352
763


LNU819
maize|10v1|AW282410
maize
353
563


LNU820
maize|10v1|AW288911
maize
354
564


LNU821
maize|10v1|AW497499
maize
355
764


LNU822
maize|10v1|AW927651
maize
356
566


LNU823
maize|10v1|BE512590
maize
357
567


LNU824
maize|10v1|BE552882
maize
358
765


LNU825
maize|10v1|BE575202
maize
359
766


LNU828
maize|10v1|BG458848
maize
360
570


LNU829
maize|10v1|BG549052
maize
361
767


LNU830
maize|10v1|B1679654
maize
362
572


LNU831
maize|10v1|BM269210
maize
363
768


LNU833
maize|10v1|BUO36574
maize
364
769


LNU835
maize|10v1|CD986056
maize
365
577


LNU837
maize|10v1|CF064369
maize
366
770


LNU838
maize|10v1|CF634284
maize
367
579


LNU839
maize|10v1|CO523359
maize
368
580


LNU840
maize|10v1|DN208554
maize
369
581


LNU841
maize|10v1|DN225757
maize
370
582


LNU843
maize|10v1|EE187987
maize
371
583


LNU844
maize|10v1|T18396
maize
372
584


LNU845
maize|10v1|W21625
maize
373
771


LNU846
maize|gb170|AF093537
maize
374
586


LNU847
medicago|12v1|AL366283
medicago
375
772


LNU848
rice|11v1|AF072694
rice
376
588


LNU849
rice|11v1|AU057716
rice
377
589


LNU850
rice|11v1|BI306328
rice
378
590


LNU851
rice|11v1|BI813446
rice
379
591


LNU852
rice|11v1|CA764428
rice
380
592


LNU853
rice|11v1|CB645176
rice
381
593


LNU854
rice|11v1|GFXAF377947X27
rice
382
594


LNU856
sorghum|09v1|SB10G011070
sorghum
383
595


LNU857
sorghum|11v1|SB10G007600
sorghum
384
773


LNU858
sorghum|12v1|AW285114
sorghum
385
774


LNU862
sorghum|12v1|BG356040
sorghum
386
599


LNU864
sorghum|12v1|CD424245
sorghum
387
600


LNU865
sorghum|12v1|SB0169S002030
sorghum
388
601


LNU866
sorghum|12v1|SB01G003110
sorghum
389
775


LNU867
sorghum|12v1|SB01G004510
sorghum
390
603


LNU868
sorghum|12v1|SB01G005240
sorghum
391
604


LNU869
sorghum|12v1|SB01G006870
sorghum
392
605


LNU870
sorghum|12v1|SB01G006930
sorghum
393
606


LNU871
sorghum|12v1|SB01G007380
sorghum
394
607


LNU872
sorghum|12v1|SB01G011260
sorghum
395
608


LNU873
sorghum|12v1|SB01G011890
sorghum
396
609


LNU874
sorghum|12v1|SB01G015540
sorghum
397
610


LNU875
sorghum|12v1|SB01G017100
sorghum
398
611


LNU876
sorghum|12v1|SB01G032593P1
sorghum
399
612


LNU878
sorghum|12v1|SB01G035780
sorghum
400
613


LNU879
sorghum|12v1|SB01G040060
sorghum
401
614


LNU880
sorghum|12v1|SB01G046630
sorghum
402
615


LNU881
sorghum|12v1|SB01G047345
sorghum
403
616


LNU882
sorghum|12v1|SB01G048200
sorghum
404
617


LNU884
sorghum|12v1|SB01G048910
sorghum
405
619


LNU885
sorghum|12v1|SB02G001450
sorghum
406
620


LNU886
sorghum|12v1|SB02G002020
sorghum
407
776


LNU887
sorghum|12v1|SB02G003980
sorghum
408
622


LNU888
sorghum|12v1|SB02G009320
sorghum
409
623


LNU889
sorghum|12v1|SB02G023760
sorghum
410
624


LNU890
sorghum|12v1|SB02G027260
sorghum
411
625


LNU892
sorghum|12v1|SB02G033210
sorghum
412
626


LNU893
sorghum|12v1|SB02G036470
sorghum
413
627


LNU894
sorghum|12v1|SB02G039430
sorghum
414
628


LNU895
sorghum|12v1|SB02G042020
sorghum
415
629


LNU896
sorghum|12v1|SB02G043060
sorghum
416
630


LNU897
sorghum|12v1|SB02G043340
sorghum
417
777


LNU898
sorghum|12v1|SB03G001900
sorghum
418
778


LNU899
sorghum|12v1|SB03G003880
sorghum
419
633


LNU900
sorghum|12v1|SB03G004920
sorghum
420
779


LNU901
sorghum|12v1|SB03G006670
sorghum
421
780


LNU902
sorghum|12v1|SB03G009240
sorghum
422
636


LNU903
sorghum|12v1|SB03G013600
sorghum
423
637


LNU904
sorghum|12v1|SB03G015670
sorghum
424
781


LNU905
sorghum|12v1|SB03G025980
sorghum
425
639


LNU906
sorghum|12v1|SB03G028220
sorghum
426
782


LNU907
sorghum|12v1|SB03G029160
sorghum
427
783


LNU908
sorghum|12v1|SB03G030720
sorghum
428
642


LNU909
sorghum|12v1|SB03G032235
sorghum
429
784


LNU910
sorghum|12v1|SB03G034870
sorghum
430
644


LNU911
sorghum|12v1|SB03G035900
sorghum
431
785


LNU912
sorghum|12v1|SB03G037390
sorghum
432
646


LNU913
sorghum|12v1|SB03G039370
sorghum
433
647


LNU914
sorghum|12v1|SB04G000560
sorghum
434
648


LNU915
sorghum|12v1|SB04G000860
sorghum
435
649


LNU916
sorghum|12v1|SB04G003110
sorghum
436
650


LNU917
sorghum|12v1|SB04G005810
sorghum
437
651


LNU918
sorghum|12v1|SB04G005960
sorghum
438
652


LNU919
sorghum|12v1|SB04G008660
sorghum
439
653


LNU920
sorghum|12v1|SB04G019220
sorghum
440
654


LNU921
sorghum|12v1|SB04G023720
sorghum
441
655


LNU922
sorghum|12v1|SB04G031020
sorghum
442
656


LNU923
sorghum|12v1|SB04G031630
sorghum
443
657


LNU924
sorghum|12v1|SB04G031790
sorghum
444
658


LNU925
sorghum|12v1|SB04G031980
sorghum
445
659


LNU926
sorghum|12v1|SB04G032240
sorghum
446
660


LNU928
sorghum|12v1|SB04G035530
sorghum
447
661


LNU930
sorghum|12v1|SB04G037720
sorghum
448
786


LNU931
sorghum|12v1|SB05G000570
sorghum
449
664


LNU932
sorghum|12v1|SB05G001300
sorghum
450
787


LNU933
sorghum|12v1|SB05G005230
sorghum
451
666


LNU934
sorghum|12v1|SB05G006950
sorghum
452
667


LNU935
sorghum|12v1|SB05G020340
sorghum
453
788


LNU936
sorghum|12v1|SB05G021410
sorghum
454
669


LNU938
sorghum|12v1|SB05G025900
sorghum
455
789


LNU940
sorghum|12v1|SB06G016140
sorghum
456
672


LNU941
sorghum|12v1|SB06G018480
sorghum
457
673


LNU942
sorghum|12v1|SB06G019950
sorghum
458
674


LNU943
sorghum|12v1|SB06G020900
sorghum
459
675


LNU944
sorghum|12v1|SB07G000250
sorghum
460
676


LNU945
sorghum|12v1|SB07G004040
sorghum
461
677


LNU946
sorghum|12v1|SB07G004390
sorghum
462
678


LNU947
sorghum|12v1|SB07G021870
sorghum
463
679


LNU948
sorghum|12v1|SB07G027790
sorghum
464
680


LNU949
sorghum|12v1|SB08G002580
sorghum
465
681


LNU950
sorghum|12v1|SB08G002740
sorghum
466
682


LNU951
sorghum|12v1|SB08G003140
sorghum
467
790


LNU952
sorghum|12v1|SB08G007610
sorghum
468
684


LNU953
sorghum|12v1|SB08G015020
sorghum
469
685


LNU954
sorghum|12v1|SB08G016400
sorghum
470
791


LNU955
sorghum|12v1|SB08G016530
sorghum
471
687


LNU956
sorghum|12v1|SB08G018765
sorghum
472
792


LNU957
sorghum|12v1|SB08G020600
sorghum
473
689


LNU958
sorghum|12v1|SB08G021920
sorghum
474
690


LNU959
sorghum|12v1|SB09G021265
sorghum
475
691


LNU960
sorghum|12v1|SB09G021520
sorghum
476
692


LNU961
sorghum|12v1|SB09G026930
sorghum
477
693


LNU962
sorghum|12v1|SB09G026990
sorghum
478
694


LNU963
sorghum|12v1|SB10G002960
sorghum
479
695


LNU964
sorghum|12v1|SB10G023640
sorghum
480
696


LNU965
sorghum|12v1|SB10G026450
sorghum
481
697


LNU966
sorghum|12v1|SB10G026910
sorghum
482
698


LNU967
sorghum|12v1|SB10G028680
sorghum
483
699


LNU968
sorghum|12v1|SB10G030200
sorghum
484
793


LNU970
soybean|11v1|GLYMA13G20220
soybean
485
702


LNU971
tomato|11v1|AI772930
tomato
486
703


LNU972
tomato|11v1|AI775263
tomato
487
704


LNU975
tomato|11v1|BI422101
tomato
488
705


LNU976
wheat|12v3|CA596628
wheat
489
706


LNU977
wheat|12v3|CK152213
wheat
490
794


LNU760_
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G02117
brachy-
491
708


H1

podium




LNU832_
sorghum|12v1|SB03G013780
sorghum
492
709


H2






LNU834_
sorghum|12v1|SB02G003380
sorghum
493
710


H1






LNU861_
maize|10v1|CF635645
maize
494
711


H3






LNU859
sorghum|12v1|AW677786
sorghum
495
—





Table 1. Provided are the gene names, cluster names, organisms fmor which they are derived, and the sequence identifiers of the polynucleotides and polypeptide sequences. “Polyp.“ = polypeptide; “Polyn.“—Polynucleotide.






Example 2
Identification of Homologous (E.G., Orthologous) Sequences that Increase Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Fertilizer Use Efficiency, Yield, Growth Rate, Vigor, Biomass, Oil Content, Abiotic Stress Tolerance and/or Water Use Efficiency in Plants
The concepts of orthology and paralogy have recently been applied to functional characterizations and classifications on the scale of whole-genome comparisons. Orthologs and paralogs constitute two major types of homologs: The first evolved from a common ancestor by specialization, and the latter is related by duplication events. It is assumed that paralogs arising from ancient duplication events are likely to have diverged in function while true orthologs are more likely to retain identical function over evolutionary time.
To further investigate and identify putative orthologs of the genes affecting nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield (e.g., seed yield, oil yield, biomass, grain quantity and/or quality), growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency, all sequences were aligned using the BLAST (/Basic Local Alignment Search Tool/). Sequences sufficiently similar were tentatively grouped. These putative orthologs were further organized under a Phylogram—a branching diagram (tree) assumed to be a representation of the evolutionary relationships among the biological taxa. Putative ortholog groups were analyzed as to their agreement with the phylogram and in cases of disagreements these ortholog groups were broken accordingly. Expression data was analyzed and the EST libraries were classified using a fixed vocabulary of custom terms such as developmental stages (e.g., genes showing similar expression profile through development with up regulation at specific stage, such as at the seed filling stage) and/or plant organ (e.g., genes showing similar expression profile across their organs with up regulation at specific organs such as seed). The annotations from all the ESTs clustered to a gene were analyzed statistically by comparing their frequency in the cluster versus their abundance in the database, allowing the construction of a numeric and graphic expression profile of that gene, which is termed “digital expression”. The rationale of using these two complementary methods with methods of phenotypic association studies of QTLs, SNPs and phenotype expression correlation is based on the assumption that true orthologs are likely to retain identical function over evolutionary time. These methods provide different sets of indications on function similarities between two homologous genes, similarities in the sequence level—identical amino acids in the protein domains and similarity in expression profiles.
The search and identification of homologous genes involves the screening of sequence information available, for example, in public databases, which include but are not limited to the DNA Database of Japan (DDBJ), Genbank, and the European Molecular Biology Laboratory Nucleic Acid Sequence Database (EMBL) or versions thereof or the MIPS database. A number of different search algorithms have been developed, including but not limited to the suite of programs referred to as BLAST programs. There are five implementations of BLAST, three designed for nucleotide sequence queries (BLASTN, BLASTX, and TBLASTX) and two designed for protein sequence queries (BLASTP and TBLASTN) (Coulson, Trends in Biotechnology: 76-80, 1994; Birren et al., Genome Analysis, I: 543, 1997). Such methods involve alignment and comparison of sequences. The BLAST algorithm calculates percent sequence identity and performs a statistical analysis of the similarity between the two sequences. The software for performing BLAST analysis is publicly available through the National Centre for Biotechnology Information. Other such software or algorithms are GAP, BESTFIT, FASTA and TFASTA. GAP uses the algorithm of Needleman and Wunsch (J. Mol. Biol. 48: 443-453, 1970) to find the alignment of two complete sequences that maximizes the number of matches and minimizes the number of gaps.
The homologous genes may belong to the same gene family. The analysis of a gene family may be carried out using sequence similarity analysis. To perform this analysis one may use standard programs for multiple alignments e.g. Clustal W. A neighbor-joining tree of the proteins homologous to the genes of some embodiments of the invention may be used to provide an overview of structural and ancestral relationships. Sequence identity may be calculated using an alignment program as described above. It is expected that other plants will carry a similar functional gene (orthologue) or a family of similar genes and those genes will provide the same preferred phenotype as the genes presented here. Advantageously, these family members may be useful in the methods of some embodiments of the invention. Example of other plants include, but not limited to, barley (Hordeum vulgare), Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), maize (Zea mays), cotton (Gossypium), Oilseed rape (Brassica napus), Rice (Oryza sativa), Sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Soybean (Glycine max), Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and Wheat (Triticum aestivum).
The above-mentioned analyses for sequence homology is preferably carried out on a full-length sequence, but may also be based on a comparison of certain regions such as conserved domains. The identification of such domains would also be well within the realm of the person skilled in the art and would involve, for example, a computer readable format of the nucleic acids of some embodiments of the invention, the use of alignment software programs and the use of publicly available information on protein domains, conserved motifs and boxes. This information is available in the PRODOM (biochem (dot) ucl (dot) ac (dot) uk/bsm/dbbrowser/protocol/prodomqry (dot) html), PIR (pir (dot) Georgetown (dot) edu/) or Pfam (sanger (dot) ac (dot) uk/Software/Pfam/) database. Sequence analysis programs designed for motif searching may be used for identification of fragments, regions and conserved domains as mentioned above. Preferred computer programs include, but are not limited to, MEME, SIGNALSCAN, and GENESCAN.
A person skilled in the art may use the homologous sequences provided herein to find similar sequences in other species and other organisms. Homologues of a protein encompass, peptides, oligopeptides, polypeptides, proteins and enzymes having amino acid substitutions, deletions and/or insertions relative to the unmodified protein in question and having similar biological and functional activity as the unmodified protein from which they are derived. To produce such homologues, amino acids of the protein may be replaced by other amino acids having similar properties (conservative changes, such as similar hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, antigenicity, propensity to form or break a-helical structures or 3-sheet structures). Conservative substitution Tables are well known in the art [see for example Creighton (1984) Proteins. W.H. Freeman and Company]. Homologues of a nucleic acid encompass nucleic acids having nucleotide substitutions, deletions and/or insertions relative to the unmodified nucleic acid in question and having similar biological and functional activity as the unmodified nucleic acid from which they are derived.
Polynucleotides and polypeptides with significant homology to the identified genes described in Table 1 (Example 1 above) were identified from the databases using BLAST software with the Blastp and tBlastn algorithms as filters for the first stage, and the needle (EMBOSS package) or Frame+ algorithm alignment for the second stage. Local identity (Blast alignments) was defined with a very permissive cutoff—60% Identity on a span of 60% of the sequences lengths because it is used only as a filter for the global alignment stage. The default filtering of the Blast package was not utilized (by setting the parameter “-F F”).
In the second stage, homologs were defined based on a global identity of at least 80% to the core gene polypeptide sequence.
Two distinct forms for finding the optimal global alignment for protein or nucleotide sequences were used in this application:

    
    
        1. Between Two Proteins (Following the Blastp Filter): EMBOSS-6.0.1 Needleman-Wunsch algorithm with the following modified parameters: gapopen=8 gapextend=2. The rest of the parameters were unchanged from the default options described hereinabove.
        2. Between a Protein Sequence and a Nucleotide Sequence (Following the tblastn Filter): GenCore 6.0 OneModel application utilizing the Frame+ algorithm with the following parameters: model=frame+_p2n.model mode=qglobal -q=protein.sequence -db=nucleotide.sequence. The rest of the parameters are unchanged from the default options described hereinabove.
    
    


The query polypeptide sequences were SEQ ID NOs: 496-794 and the query polynucleotides were SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, and the identified orthologous and homologous sequences having at least 80% global sequence identity are provided in Table 2, below. These homologous genes are expected to increase plant yield, seed yield, oil yield, oil content, growth rate, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, photosynthetic capacity, biomass, vigor, ABST and/or NUE of a plant.







TABLE 2







Homologues (e.g., orthologues) of the identified genes/polypeptides for increasing nitrogen use efficiency,


fertilizer use efficiency, yield, seed yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, fiber yield,


fiber quality, fiber length, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency of a plant















Polyn.
Polyp.
Hom. To






SEQ
SEQ
SEQ
Global


Hom. Name
Organism/Cluster tag
ID NO:
ID NO:
ID NO:
Ident.
Algor.
















LNU751_H1
wheat|12v3|CA652300
795
2898
498
89.1
globlastp


LNU751_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.339395
796
2899
498
88.45
glotblastn


LNU752_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.155230
797
2900
499
96.4
globlastp


LNU752_H4
oat|11v1|GR316906_P1
798
2901
499
90.7
globlastp


LNU752_H5
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G38247_P1
799
2902
499
88.4
globlastp


LNU752_H6
rye|12v1|DRR001012.244869
800
2903
499
84.8
globlastp


LNU753_H1
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF341151
801
2904
500
96.4
globlastp


LNU753_H2
wheat|12v3|CA619061
802
2905
500
95.5
globlastp


LNU753_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001013.175630
803
2906
500
93.7
globlastp


LNU753_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G76060_T1
804
2907
500
90.6
glotblastn


LNU753_H5
rice|11v1|GFXAC099399X6
805
2908
500
87
globlastp


LNU753_H6
barley|12v1|BE060847_P1
806
2909
500
80.3
globlastp


LNU753_H7
wheat|12v3|BF474874
807
2910
500
80.3
globlastp


LNU753_H8
rice|11v1|BM037785
808
2911
500
80
globlastp


LNU754_H1
wheat|12v3|BE413658
809
2912
501
95.8
globlastp


LNU754_H2
leymus|gb166|EG390263_P1
810
2913
501
95
globlastp


LNU754_H3
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF349286
811
2914
501
95
globlastp


LNU754_H4
rye|12v1|DRR001012.101669
812
2915
501
95
globlastp


LNU754_H5
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G06900_P1
813
2916
501
91.2
globlastp


LNU754_H6
oat|11v1|GR365468_P1
814
2917
501
88.7
globlastp


LNU754_H7
sorghum|12v1|SB03G001930
815
2918
501
85.4
globlastp


LNU754_H8
millet|10v1|EVO454PM027276_P1
816
2919
501
84.1
globlastp


LNU754_H9
maize|10v1|AI600590_P1
817
2920
501
83.9
globlastp


LNU754_H13
switchgrass|12v1|FE624722_P1
818
2921
501
83.7
globlastp


LNU754_H10
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI002752M_P1
819
2922
501
83.3
globlastp


LNU754_H11
rice|11v1|BE228738
820
2923
501
82
globlastp


LNU754_H12
switchgrass|gb167|FE624722
821
2924
501
82
globlastp


LNU756_H1
rye|12v1|DRR001012.433563
822
2925
502
94.9
globlastp


LNU756_H2
rye|12v1|BE493902
823
2926
502
94.6
globlastp


LNU756_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.24867
824
2926
502
94.6
globlastp


LNU756_H4
wheat|12v3|BG606914
825
2927
502
94.6
globlastp


LNU756_H5
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G24030_P1
826
2928
502
93.5
globlastp


LNU756_H6
oat|11v1|GR329669_P1
827
2929
502
92.4
globlastp


LNU756_H7
rice|11v1|BF475232
828
2930
502
82.61
glotblastn


LNU756_H8
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC612148_P1
829
2931
502
81.5
globlastp


LNU756_H9
sugarcane|10v1|BU103174
830
2932
502
80.4
globlastp


LNU756_H10
sorghum|12v1|SB09G021710
831
2933
502
80.1
globlastp


LNU756_H12
switchgrass|12v1|DN150091_P1
832
2934
502
80
globlastp


LNU756_H11
switchgrass|gb167|DN150091
833
2934
502
80
globlastp


LNU757_H1
wheat|12v3|CA645023
834
2935
503
98.2
globlastp


LNU757_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.10473
835
2936
503
97
globlastp


LNU757_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.121839
836
2937
503
97
globlastp


LNU757_H4
rye|12v1|DRR001012.768638
837
2938
503
95.9
globlastp


LNU757_H5
wheat|12v3|BE426208
838
2939
503
93.5
globlastp


LNU757_H6
oat|11v1|GR328666_P1
839
2940
503
91.8
globlastp


LNU758_H1
wheat|12v3|BG906982
840
2941
504
91.6
globlastp


LNU758_H2
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF345629
841
2942
504
87.1
globlastp


LNU759_H1
rye|12v1|DRR001012.140285
842
2943
505
94
globlastp


LNU759_H2
wheat|12v3|CA742547
843
2944
505
93
globlastp


LNU759_H3
wheat|12v3|SRR043326X66986D1
844
2944
505
93
globlastp


LNU759_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI023760M_P1
845
2945
505
90
globlastp


LNU759_H5
rice|11v1|CF293997
846
2946
505
87.4
globlastp


LNU759_H11
switchgrass|12v1|FL787656_P1
847
2947
505
87
globlastp


LNU759_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FL787656
848
2947
505
87
globlastp


LNU759_H7
cynodon|10v1|ES299636_P1
849
2948
505
86.1
globlastp


LNU759_H12
switchgrass|12v1|FL779827_P1
850
2949
505
86
globlastp


LNU759_H8
sorghum|12v1|SB09G022720
851
2950
505
83.5
globlastp


LNU759_H9
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G23060_P1
852
2951
505
82.2
globlastp


LNU759_H10
maize|10v1|EE680335_P1
853
2952
505
82
globlastp


LNU760_H2
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF358412
854
2953
506
86.75
glotblastn


LNU760_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001014.135934
855
2954
506
81.13
glotblastn


LNU760_H4
switchgrass|12v1|FL773680_T1
856
2955
506
80.13
glotblastn


LNU761_H1
wheat|12v3|BQ170294
857
2956
507
96.1
globlastp


LNU761_H2
wheat|12v3|BG263661
858
2957
507
95.3
globlastp


LNU761_H3
rye|12v1|BF429268
859
2958
507
95.1
globlastp


LNU761_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G61140_P1
860
2959
507
84.7
globlastp


LNU761_H5
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI001000M_P1
861
2960
507
84.5
globlastp


LNU761_H9
switchgrass|12v1|FE627078_P1
862
2961
507
83.8
globlastp


LNU761_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FE605627
863
2962
507
82.8
globlastp


LNU761_H7
rice|11v1|CR278964
864
2963
507
82.6
globlastp


LNU761_H8
sorghum|12v1|SB03G046200
865
2964
507
81.2
globlastp


LNU762_H1
rye|12v1|DRR001012.142840
866
2965
508
93.9
globlastp


LNU762_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.108084
867
2966
508
93.6
globlastp


LNU762_H3
wheat|12v3|CA653618
868
2967
508
92.5
globlastp


LNU762_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI5G07300_P1
869
2968
508
87.1
globlastp


LNU762_H5
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC613160_P1
870
2969
508
81
globlastp


LNU763_H1
wheat|12v3|BE517537
871
2970
509
93.3
globlastp


LNU763_H2
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF345576
872
2971
509
91.3
globlastp


LNU763_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.538230
873
2972
509
89.7
globlastp


LNU763_H4
rye|12v1|DRR001012.104458
874
2973
509
89.1
globlastp


LNU763_H5
rye|12v1|DRR001012.104992
875
2974
509
89.1
globlastp


LNU763_H6
rye|12v1|DRR001012.307746
876
2975
509
89.1
glotblastn


LNU763_H7
rye|12v1|DRR001012.403113
877
2976
509
86.58
glotblastn


LNU764_H1
wheat|12v3|BE419722
878
2977
510
96
globlastp


LNU764_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.148705
879
2978
510
95.6
globlastp


LNU764_H3
wheat|12v3|AL817877
880
2979
510
94.8
globlastp


LNU764_H4
rice|11v1|CB680462
881
2980
510
83.8
globlastp


LNU764_H5
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G14080_P1
882
2981
510
83.6
globlastp


LNU764_H6
sorghum|12v1|SB07G002140
883
2982
510
82.4
globlastp


LNU764_H7
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC613412_P1
884
2983
510
81.3
globlastp


LNU764_H9
switchgrass|12v1|FE638335_P1
885
2984
510
80.9
globlastp


LNU764_H8
switchgrass|gb167|FE649051
886
2985
510
80.57
glotblastn


LNU764_H10
switchgrass|12v1|FL754424_P1
887
2986
510
80.3
globlastp


LNU766_H1
wheat|12v3|BF483178
888
2987
511
96.6
globlastp


LNU766_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.107386
889
2988
511
96.14
glotblastn


LNU766_H3
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G62060_T1
890
2989
511
90.68
glotblastn


LNU766_H5
rice|11v1|BM419326
891
2990
511
85.8
globlastp


LNU766_H6
foxtail_millet|11v3|GT090868_P1
892
2991
511
85.5
globlastp


LNU766_H11
switchgrass|12v1|DT948944_P1
893
2992
511
85.4
globlastp


LNU766_H12
switchgrass|12v1|FE657698_P1
894
2993
511
85.3
globlastp


LNU766_H7
millet|10v1|EVO454PM004168_P1
895
2994
511
84.9
globlastp


LNU766_H8
rye|12v1|DRR001012.124126
896
2995
511
84.7
globlastp


LNU766_H9
maize|10v1|BM259345_P1
897
2996
511
84.5
globlastp


LNU766_H10
sorghum|12v1|SB10G025840
898
2997
511
84.4
globlastp


LNU767_H1
rye|12v1|DRR001012.555545
899
2998
512
92.3
globlastp


LNU767_H2
wheat|12v3|BE419870
900
2999
512
91.2
globlastp


LNU767_H3
lolium|10v1|AU246334_P1
901
3000
512
84.6
globlastp


LNU768_H1
wheat|12v3|BI479814
902
3001
513
99.1
globlastp


LNU768_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001013.174965
903
3002
513
98.2
globlastp


LNU768_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.20806
904
3003
513
97.8
globlastp


LNU768_H4
rye|12v1|DRR001012.266041
905
3004
513
97.35
glotblastn


LNU768_H5
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G56682_P1
906
3005
513
93.4
globlastp


LNU768_H6
rice|11v1|CF294088
907
3006
513
93.4
globlastp


LNU768_H15
switchgrass|12v1|FL692202_P1
908
3007
513
92.5
globlastp


LNU768_H7
sorghum|12v1|SB01G021690
909
3008
513
92.5
globlastp


LNU768_H8
switchgrass|gb167|FL692202
910
3007
513
92.5
globlastp


LNU768_H9
maize|10v1|AI941829_P1
911
3009
513
92
globlastp


LNU768_H16
switchgrass|12v1|GD014223_P1
912
3010
513
91.2
globlastp


LNU768_H10
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI034560M_T1
913
3011
513
90.35
glotblastn


LNU768_H11
sugarcane|10v1|BQ536826
914
3012
513
90.3
globlastp


LNU768_H12
oat|11v1|GO596074_P1
915
3013
513
84.5
globlastp


LNU768_H13
amborella|12v3|SRR038634.15775_P1
916
3014
513
80.1
globlastp


LNU768_H14
pineapple|10v1|DT336500_P1
917
3015
513
80.1
globlastp


LNU769_H8
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G21820_P1
918
3016
514
82.4
globlastp


LNU769_H13
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G16170_P1
919
3017
514
80.8
globlastp


LNU769_H14
sorghum|12v1|SB05G007470
920
3018
514
80.8
globlastp


LNU770_H1
wheat|12v3|BE398561
921
3019
515
96
globlastp


LNU770_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.712789
922
3020
515
94.8
globlastp


LNU770_H3
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G56870_P1
923
3021
515
82
globlastp


LNU772_H1
wheat|12v3|BM135473
924
3022
517
96
globlastp


LNU772_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.142915
925
3023
517
93.5
globlastp


LNU772_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.612512
926
3024
517
93
globlastp


LNU772_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G08480_P1
927
3025
517
90.5
globlastp


LNU772_H5
oat|11v1|GO592678_P1
928
3026
517
88.9
globlastp


LNU772_H8
millet|10v1|EVO454PM022643_P1
929
3027
517
86.6
globlastp


LNU772_H6
rice|11v1|CB000951
930
3028
517
86.3
globlastp


LNU772_H9
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI018070M_P1
931
3029
517
86
globlastp


LNU772_H15
switchgrass|12v1|DN144396_P1
932
3030
517
84.3
globlastp


LNU772_H13
sorghum|12v1|SB04G008000
933
3031
517
83.9
globlastp


LNU772_H10
switchgrass|gb167|DN144396
934
3032
517
83.8
globlastp


LNU772_H11
maize|10v1|AA979978_P1
935
3033
517
83.7
globlastp


LNU772_H14
cynodon|10v1|ES292031_P1
936
3034
517
82.1
globlastp


LNU773_H1
rye|12v1|DRR001012.115164
937
3035
518
94.6
globlastp


LNU773_H2
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G02440_P1
938
3036
518
84.1
globlastp


LNU773_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI034229M_P1
939
3037
518
82.1
globlastp


LNU773_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|SICRP053164_P1
940
3037
518
82.1
globlastp


LNU773_H5
rice|11v1|CB634493
941
3038
518
81.5
globlastp


LNU774_H1
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G38810_P1
942
3039
519
82.9
globlastp


LNU775_H1
rye|12v1|DRR001012.110859
943
3040
520
93.5
globlastp


LNU775_H2
wheat|12v3|CD937862
944
3041
520
82.8
globlastp


LNU775_H3
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G04447_P1
945
3042
520
82.6
globlastp


LNU777_H1
rye|12v1|DRR001012.142992
946
3043
522
92.4
globlastp


LNU777_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.313229
947
3044
522
91.8
globlastp


LNU777_H3
wheat|12v3|BE499027
948
3045
522
81.89
glotblastn


LNU778_H1
wheat|12v3|BE402486
949
3046
523
96.9
globlastp


LNU778_H2
wheat|12v3|SRR073321X42757D1
950
3047
523
96.9
globlastp


LNU778_H3
wheat|12v3|CD871315
951
3048
523
91.7
globlastp


LNU778_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G46340_P1
952
3049
523
91.6
globlastp


LNU778_H5
rice|11v1|BI811994
953
3050
523
87.2
globlastp


LNU778_H6
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI000364M_P1
954
3051
523
85.2
globlastp


LNU778_H7
sorghum|12v1|SB03G030890
955
3052
523
85.1
globlastp


LNU778_H8
maize|10v1|CA399726_P1
956
3053
523
84.5
globlastp


LNU778_H9
maize|10v1|AI615203_T1
957
3054
523
83.35
glotblastn


LNU779_H1
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF346373
958
3055
524
98.1
globlastp


LNU779_H2
rye|12v1|BE587009
959
3056
524
97.8
globlastp


LNU779_H3
wheat|12v3|BE402818
960
3057
524
97.5
globlastp


LNU779_H4
wheat|12v3|BE586120
961
3058
524
97.5
globlastp


LNU779_H5
wheat|12v3|CV778626
962
3059
524
96.91
glotblastn


LNU779_H6
oat|11v1|CN815634_T1
963
3060
524
94.44
glotblastn


LNU779_H7
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G42790_P1
964
3061
524
91.7
globlastp


LNU779_H8
rice|11v1|BI794901
965
3062
524
88.6
globlastp


LNU779_H9
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI014086M_P1
966
3063
524
87.7
globlastp


LNU779_H10
switchgrass|gb167|DN144658
967
3064
524
87.7
globlastp


LNU779_H11
switchgrass|gb167|FE631532
968
3065
524
87.7
globlastp


LNU779_H12
millet|10v1|EVO454PM012215_P1
969
3066
524
87.4
globlastp


LNU779_H13
maize|10v1|AI649552_P1
970
3067
524
86.8
globlastp


LNU779_H14
sorghum|12v1|SB07G024220
971
3068
524
86.8
globlastp


LNU779_H15
sugarcane|10v1|CA065962
972
3069
524
86.8
globlastp


LNU779_H16
maize|10v1|BG354183_P1
973
3070
524
83.7
globlastp


LNU779_H17
switchgrass|12v1|FE639284_P1
974
3071
524
81.8
globlastp


LNU781_H1
rye|12v1|DRR001012.110372
975
3072
526
98.9
globlastp


LNU781_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.15876
976
3073
526
97.11
glotblastn


LNU781_H3
wheat|12v3|CA666142
977
3074
526
96.1
globlastp


LNU781_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G07870_P1
978
3075
526
91.3
globlastp


LNU781_H5
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC612060_P1
979
3076
526
84.2
globlastp


LNU781_H6
rice|11v1|BI118738
980
3077
526
84
globlastp


LNU781_H7
sorghum|12v1|SB01G007340
981
3078
526
83.7
globlastp


LNU781_H8
millet|10v1|EVO454PM114571_P1
982
3079
526
82.4
globlastp


LNU781_H12
switchgrass|12v1|FL756770_P1
983
3080
526
82.2
globlastp


LNU781_H9
maize|10v1|CA403670_P1
984
3081
526
82.2
globlastp


LNU781_H10
wheat|12v3|CA593786
985
3082
526
81.84
glotblastn


LNU781_H13
switchgrass|12v1|FE611031_P1
986
3083
526
80.8
globlastp


LNU781_H11
maize|10v1|BM498386_P1
987
3084
526
80.3
globlastp


LNU782_H1
wheat|12v3|BQ788965
988
3085
527
97.9
globlastp


LNU782_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.594129
989
3086
527
96.2
globlastp


LNU783_H1
rye|12v1|DRR001012.216554
990
3087
528
92.8
globlastp


LNU783_H2
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G04360_P1
991
3088
528
81.8
globlastp


LNU783_H3
rice|11v1|BE040181
992
3089
528
80
globlastp


LNU787_H12
rye|12v1|DRR001012.395832
993
3090
532
91.4
globlastp


LNU787_H13
rye|12v1|DRR001012.20638
994
3091
532
90.8
globlastp


LNU787_H1
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF355972
995
3092
532
90.5
globlastp


LNU787_H2
wheat|12v3|BG909595
996
3093
532
89.9
globlastp


LNU787_H4
wheat|12v3|AL821420
997
—
532
89.63
glotblastn


LNU787_H9
rice|11v1|AU092213
998
3094
532
87.7
globlastp


LNU787_H6
switchgrass|gb167|GD010772
999
3095
532
86.5
globlastp


LNU787_H8
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI006894M_P1
1000
3096
532
86.5
globlastp


LNU787_H14
switchgrass|12v1|GD010772_P1
1001
3097
532
86.2
globlastp


LNU787_H7
cenchrus|gb166|EB661125_P1
1002
3098
532
86.2
globlastp


LNU787_H10
millet|10v1|EVO454PM055809_T1
1003
—
532
84.97
glotblastn


LNU787_H3
leymus|gb166|EG384638_P1
1004
3099
532
84.7
globlastp


LNU787_H11
maize|10v1|AI670300_P1
1005
3100
532
83.7
globlastp


LNU788_H1
rye|12v1|DRR001012.407094
1006
3101
533
91.4
globlastp


LNU788_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.189907
1007
3102
533
91.1
globlastp


LNU788_H3
wheat|12v3|BE606973
1008
3103
533
90.7
globlastp


LNU788_H5
sorghum|12v1|SB10G003000
1009
3104
533
83.3
globlastp


LNU789_H1
wheat|12v3|BJ312717
1010
3105
534
93.65
glotblastn


LNU789_H2
wheat|12v3|CD898702
1011
3106
534
91.8
globlastp


LNU789_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.152256
1012
3107
534
91.7
globlastp


LNU789_H4
wheat|12v3|AL821622
1013
3108
534
91.1
globlastp


LNU789_H5
barley|12v1|BG344287_P1
1014
3109
534
90.2
globlastp


LNU789_H6
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI034969M_P1
1015
3110
534
89.2
globlastp


LNU789_H7
switchgrass|gb167|FL695828
1016
3111
534
88.6
globlastp


LNU789_H8
millet|10v1|EVO454PM015227_P1
1017
3112
534
87
globlastp


LNU789_H13
switchgrass|12v1|FL695828_P1
1018
3113
534
86.8
globlastp


LNU789_H9
rice|11v1|C27096
1019
3114
534
86.8
globlastp


LNU789_H10
sorghum|12v1|SB01G037160
1020
3115
534
86.1
globlastp


LNU789_H11
maize|10v1|AI783213_P1
1021
3116
534
85.9
globlastp


LNU789_H12
sugarcane|10v1|CA066166
1022
3117
534
85.6
globlastp


LNU790_H1
rice|11v1|BI804641
1023
3118
535
90.8
globlastp


LNU790_H2
maize|10v1|AI461507_P1
1024
3119
535
90.4
globlastp


LNU790_H3
sorghum|12v1|SB01G038000
1025
3120
535
90.4
globlastp


LNU790_H10
switchgrass|12v1|FE603656_P1
1026
3121
535
90.2
globlastp


LNU790_H4
maize|10v1|BI096427_P1
1027
3122
535
90
globlastp


LNU790_H5
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI035653M_P1
1028
3123
535
89.6
globlastp


LNU790_H6
rye|12v1|DRR001012.151815
1029
3124
535
88.6
globlastp


LNU790_H7
switchgrass|gb167|DN142553
1030
3125
535
88.52
glotblastn


LNU790_H8
millet|10v1|EVO454PM083041_P1
1031
3126
535
86.5
globlastp


LNU790_H9
wheat|12v3|CA605241
1032
3127
535
82.3
globlastp


LNU791_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB01G041890
1033
3128
536
89.6
globlastp


LNU791_H2
wheat|12v3|ERR125558X24074D1
1034
3129
536
89.6
globlastp


LNU791_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.416966
1035
3130
536
88.7
globlastp


LNU791_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI038156M_P1
1036
3131
536
85.8
globlastp


LNU791_H5
rice|11v1|CA752611
1037
3132
536
85.8
globlastp


LNU791_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FL973644
1038
3133
536
85.8
globlastp


LNU791_H7
millet|10v1|PMSLX0872180D1_P1
1039
3134
536
84.9
globlastp


LNU792_H1
rye|12v1|GFXFJ374582X1
1040
3135
537
94
globlastp


LNU792_H2
barley|12v1|AV833692_P1
1041
3136
537
93.6
globlastp


LNU792_H3
rice|11v1|AU056540
1042
3137
537
89.9
globlastp


LNU792_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI000485M_P1
1043
3138
537
88.7
globlastp


LNU792_H10
switchgrass|12v1|FE640305_P1
1044
3139
537
88.3
globlastp


LNU792_H5
maize|10v1|AW600616_P1
1045
3140
537
87.7
globlastp


LNU792_H6
maize|10v1|CD439418_P1
1046
3141
537
84.7
globlastp


LNU792_H7
wheat|12v3|BE412277
1047
3142
537
82.4
globlastp


LNU792_H8
sorghum|12v1|SB03G036050
1048
3143
537
82.3
globlastp


LNU792_H9
wheat|12v3|CA614780
1049
3144
537
80
globlastp


LNU794_H1
wheat|12v3|BF201200
1050
3145
539
96.7
globlastp


LNU794_H2
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF344480
1051
3146
539
96.3
globlastp


LNU794_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.108384
1052
3147
539
96.3
globlastp


LNU794_H4
oat|11v1|GO588032_P1
1053
3148
539
95.5
globlastp


LNU794_H5
rice|11v1|AF074750
1054
3149
539
89.8
globlastp


LNU794_H13
switchgrass|12v1|FE601825_P1
1055
3150
539
88.5
globlastp


LNU794_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FE601825
1056
3150
539
88.5
globlastp


LNU794_H7
switchgrass|gb167|FE644897
1057
3151
539
88.1
globlastp


LNU794_H8
sugarcane|10v1|CA102960
1058
3152
539
87.7
globlastp


LNU794_H9
millet|10v1|EVO454PM002886_P1
1059
3153
539
87.3
globlastp


LNU794_H10
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI014266M_P1
1060
3154
539
86.5
globlastp


LNU794_H11
sorghum|12v1|SB07G003760
1061
3155
539
86.5
globlastp


LNU794_H12
maize|10v1|AI944207_P1
1062
3156
539
84.8
globlastp


LNU794_H14
switchgrass|12v1|FL968985_T1
1063
3157
539
80
glotblastn


LNU797_H1
leymus|gb166|EG376487_P1
1064
3158
542
99.6
globlastp


LNU797_H2
wheat|12v3|BE400744
1065
3159
542
99.2
globlastp


LNU797_H3
wheat|12v3|BE406331
1066
3160
542
99.2
globlastp


LNU797_H4
wheat|12v3|CA730405
1067
3159
542
99.2
globlastp


LNU797_H5
rye|12v1|BF429235
1068
3161
542
98.7
globlastp


LNU797_H6
fescue|gb161|CK801981_P1
1069
3162
542
98.3
globlastp


LNU797_H7
oat|11v1|CN816314_P1
1070
3163
542
98.3
globlastp


LNU797_H8
oat|11v1|GO589763_P1
1071
3164
542
97.9
globlastp


LNU797_H9
rice|11v1|BE039235
1072
3165
542
97.9
globlastp


LGP52
sorghum|12v1|SB05G024560
1073
3166
542
97.5
globlastp


LNU797_H10
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G13740T2_P1
1074
3167
542
97.5
globlastp


LNU797_H11
maize|10v1|AI395988_P1
1075
3166
542
97.5
globlastp


LNU797_H12
sugarcane|10v1|BQ536939
1076
3166
542
97.5
globlastp


LNU797_H13
cenchrus|gb166|BM084421_P1
1077
3168
542
97
globlastp


LNU797_H14
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI026806M_P1
1078
3168
542
97
globlastp


LNU797_H15
onion|12v1|CF439938_P1
1079
3169
542
97
globlastp


LNU797_H16
onion|12v1|CF441222_P1
1080
3170
542
97
globlastp


LNU797_H17
sorghum|12v1|SB01G046910
1081
3171
542
97
globlastp


LGP52_H1
switchgrass|12v1|FE602145_P1
1082
3172
542
96.6
globlastp


LNU797_H18
euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X135997_P1
1083
3173
542
96.6
globlastp


LNU797_H19
fescue|gb161|DT675202_P1
1084
3174
542
96.6
globlastp


LNU797_H20
maize|10v1|AI714766_P1
1085
3175
542
96.6
globlastp


LNU797_H21
millet|10v1|EVO454PM001587_P1
1086
3176
542
96.6
globlastp


LNU797_H22
millet|10v1|EVO454PM005709_P1
1087
3177
542
96.6
globlastp


LNU797_H23
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF343070
1088
3178
542
96.6
globlastp


LNU797_H24
rye|12v1|DRR001012.101136
1089
3178
542
96.6
globlastp


LNU797_H25
rye|12v1|DRR001012.112514
1090
3178
542
96.6
globlastp


LNU797_H26
rye|12v1|DRR001012.193069
1091
3178
542
96.6
globlastp


LNU797_H27
switchgrass|gb167|FE602145
1092
3172
542
96.6
globlastp


LNU797_H28
switchgrass|gb167|FE619094
1093
3172
542
96.6
globlastp


LNU797_H29
switchgrass|gb167|FE624039
1094
3172
542
96.6
globlastp


LNU797_H30
arnica|11v1|SRR099034X109165_P1
1095
3179
542
96.2
globlastp


LNU797_H31
artemisia|10v1|EY043858_P1
1096
3180
542
96.2
globlastp


LNU797_H32
euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X195269_P1
1097
3181
542
96.2
globlastp


LNU797_H33
grape|11v1|GSVIVT01016670001_P1
1098
3182
542
96.2
globlastp


LNU797_H34
soybean|11v1|GLYMA02G01700
1099
3183
542
96.2
globlastp


LNU797_H34
soybean|12v1|GLYMA02G01700_P1
1100
3183
542
96.2
globlastp


LNU797_H35
sunflower|12v1|CD848350
1101
3179
542
96.2
globlastp


LNU797_H36
sunflower|12v1|DY926327
1102
3179
542
96.2
globlastp


LNU797_H37
wheat|12v3|BE398301
1103
3184
542
96.2
globlastp


LNU797_H38
wheat|12v3|BE638088
1104
3185
542
96.2
globlastp


LNU797_H39
wheat|12v3|CA616043
1105
3185
542
96.2
globlastp


LGP52_H3
bean|12v2|CA898157_P1
1106
3186
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H40
amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X100584_P1
1107
3187
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H41
barley|12v1|BE420554_P1
1108
3188
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H42
bean|12v1|CA898157
1109
3186
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H43
chestnut|gb170|SRR006295S0000440_P1
1110
3189
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H44
cichorium|gb171|EH695394_P1
1111
3190
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H45
coffea|10v1|DV681794_P1
1112
3191
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H46
cotton|11v1|CO098301_P1
1113
3192
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H47
cowpea|12v1|FF391241_P1
1114
3186
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H48
dandelion|10v1|DR398974_P1
1115
3190
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H49
eschscholzia|11v1|CK745182_P1
1116
3193
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H50
euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X148521_P1
1117
3194
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H51
gossypium_raimondii|12v1|DR460270_P1
1118
3195
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H52
heritiera|10v1|SRR005794S0001293_P1
1119
3196
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H53
lettuce|12v1|DW046332_P1
1120
3190
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H54
lotus|09v1|AW720222_P1
1121
3197
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H55
oak|10v1|FP043285_P1
1122
3189
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H56
sunflower|12v1|CD849067
1123
3198
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H57
tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X106530
1124
3199
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H58
tragopogon|10v1|SRR020205S0002302
1125
3190
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H59
vinca|11v1|SRR098690X108966
1126
3200
542
95.8
globlastp


LNU797_H60
vinca|11v1|SRR098690X131739
1127
3201
542
95.8
globlastp


LGP52_H2
prunus_mume|13v1|BU045923_P1
1128
3202
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H61
ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.111437_P1
1129
3203
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H62
ambrosia|11v1|SRR346943.182031_P1
1130
3203
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H63
arnica|11v1|SRR099034X103642_P1
1131
3204
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H64
banana|12v1|BBS104T3_P1
1132
3205
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H65
cacao|10v1|CU484574_P1
1133
3206
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H66
catharanthus|11v1|SRR098691X100536_P1
1134
3207
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H67
cotton|11v1|BE052796_P1
1135
3208
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H68
cotton|11v1|BF272890_P1
1136
3209
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H69
gossypium_raimondii|12v1|BE052796_P1
1137
3208
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H70
gossypium_raimondii|12v1|BG440472_P1
1138
3209
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H71
humulus|11v1|ES653444_P1
1139
3210
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H72
medicago|12v1|BE205283_P1
1140
3211
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H73
momordica|10v1|SRR071315S0000877_P1
1141
3212
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H74
nasturtium|11v1|SRR032558.130953_P1
1142
3213
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H75
poppy|11v1|SRR030261.67760_P1
1143
3214
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H76
prunus|10v1|BU045923
1144
3202
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H77
soybean|11v1|GLYMA10G01760
1145
3215
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H77
soybean|12v1|GLYMA10G01760_P1
1146
3215
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H78
soybean|11v1|GLYMA10G42650
1147
3213
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H78
soybean|12v1|GLYMA10G42650_P1
1148
3213
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H79
soybean|11v1|GLYMA20G24380
1149
3213
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H79
soybean|12v1|GLYMA20G24380_P1
1150
3213
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H80
trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X100358
1151
3211
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H81
wheat|12v3|BE516233
1152
3216
542
95.4
globlastp


LNU797_H82
clover|gb162|BB904539_T1
1153
3217
542
95.36
glotblastn


LNU797_H83
tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X108743
1154
3218
542
95.36
glotblastn


LNU797_H84
ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.162287_T1
1155
3219
542
94.94
glotblastn


LNU797_H85
arabidopsis_lyrata|09v1|JGIAL004906_P1
1156
3220
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H86
arabidopsis|10v1|AT1G53850_P1
1157
3220
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H87
arabidopsis|10v1|AT3G14290_P1
1158
3221
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H88
aristolochia|10v1|FD753041_P1
1159
3222
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H89
centaurea|gb166|EH720898_P1
1160
3223
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H90
chelidonium|11v1|SRR084752X101469_P1
1161
3224
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H91
chickpea|11v1|GR406082
1162
3225
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H91
chickpea|13v2|GR406082_P1
1163
3225
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H92
cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1003064_P1
1164
3223
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H93
cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.101704_P1
1165
3223
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H94
clementine|11v1|CF418418_P1
1166
3226
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H95
cowpea|12v1|FF400036_P1
1167
3227
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H96
cynara|gb167|GE586707_P1
1168
3223
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H97
flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.124001_P1
1169
3228
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H98
flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.164802_P1
1170
3228
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H99
flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.187551_P1
1171
3228
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H100
flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.124521_P1
1172
3228
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H101
kiwi|gb166|FG416367_P1
1173
3229
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H102
oil_palm|11v1|GH636084_P1
1174
3230
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H103
orange|11v1|CB322089_P1
1175
3226
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H104
pea|11v1|AM161973_P1
1176
3231
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H105
pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X103301_P1
1177
3232
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H106
poppy|11v1|FG610932_P1
1178
3233
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H107
safflower|gb162|EL375904
1179
3223
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H108
scabiosa|11v1|SRR063723X104505
1180
3234
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H109
valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X102707
1181
3235
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H110
watermelon|11v1|CK756307
1182
3236
542
94.9
globlastp


LNU797_H111
antirrhinum|gb166|AJ793100_T1
1183
3237
542
94.51
glotblastn


LNU797_H112
sarracenia|11v1|SRR192669.135220
1184
3238
542
94.51
glotblastn


LGP52_H4
bean|12v2|CA905741_P1
1185
3239
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H113
arabidopsis_lyrata|09v1|JGIAL009899_P1
1186
3240
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H114
bean|12v1|CA905741
1187
3239
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H115
beech|11v1|SRR006293.26585_P1
1188
3241
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H116
beech|11v1|SRR006293.26859_P1
1189
3241
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H117
blueberry|12v1|CV090936_P1
1190
3242
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H118
blueberry|12v1|SRR353282X53162D1_P1
1191
3243
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H119
cleome_spinosa|10v1|GR932132_P1
1192
3244
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H120
eschscholzia|11v1|SRR014116.104453_P1
1193
3245
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H121
euphorbia|11v1|DV112478_P1
1194
3246
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H122
oil_palm|11v1|EL688733_P1
1195
3247
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H123
peanut|10v1|CX128176_P1
1196
3248
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H124
salvia|10v1|SRR014553S0016175
1197
3249
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H125
sesame|12v1|SESI12V1222326
1198
3250
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H126
thellungiella_parvulum|11v1|BY811542
1199
3251
542
94.5
globlastp


LNU797_H127
apple|11v1|CN544917_P1
1200
3252
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H128
b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01A5869_P1
1201
3253
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H129
b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01AGQ24_P1
1202
3254
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H130
b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01B06M7_P1
1203
3255
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H131
b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01BBFFF_P1
1204
3256
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H132
b_rapa|11v1|CD821133_P1
1205
3257
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H133
b_rapa|11v1|CD824786_P1
1206
3255
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H134
canola|11v1|CN734250_P1
1207
3257
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H135
canola|11v1|CN736323_P1
1208
3255
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H136
canola|11v1|EE457068_P1
1209
3255
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H137
cleome_spinosa|10v1|GR931830_P1
1210
3258
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H138
cucurbita|11v1|FG227107_P1
1211
3259
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H139
eucalyptus|11v2|CD669666_P1
1212
3260
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H140
euphorbia|11v1|SRR098678X123510_P1
1213
3261
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H141
fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063703X104315_P1
1214
3262
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H142
flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.113631_P1
1215
3263
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H143
orobanche|10v1|SRR023189S0023437_P1
1216
3264
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H144
phalaenopsis|11v1|CB033196_P1
1217
3265
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H145
platanus|11v1|SRR096786X100928_P1
1218
3266
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H146
poppy|11v1|FE964610_P1
1219
3267
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H147
radish|gb164|EV528186
1220
3255
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H148
spurge|gb161|DV112478
1221
3268
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H149
tobacco|gb162|AB001552
1222
3269
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H150
triphysaria|10v1|EX999501
1223
3270
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H151
triphysaria|10v1|EY014414
1224
3271
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H216
olea|13v1|SRR014463X18338D1_P1
1225
3272
542
94.1
globlastp


LNU797_H152
ginseng|10v1|CN845666_T1
1226
3273
542
94.09
glotblastn


LNU797_H153
sarracenia|11v1|SRR192669.105817
1227
3274
542
94.09
glotblastn


LGP52_H5
castorbean|12v1|EE260427_P1
1228
3275
542
93.7
globlastp


LGP52_H7
monkeyflower|12v1|DV206269_P1
1229
3276
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H154
b_oleracea|gb161|DY026308_P1
1230
3277
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H155
b_rapa|11v1|BG543962_P1
1231
3277
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H156
canola|11v1|DY006413_P1
1232
3277
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H157
canola|11v1|EE454294_P1
1233
3278
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H158
canola|11v1|EE454622_P1
1234
3277
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H160
cleome_gynandra|10v1|SRR015532S0002255_P1
1235
3279
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H161
cucumber|09v1|CK756307_P1
1236
3280
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H162
cucurbita|11v1|SRR091276X151710_P1
1237
3281
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H163
hornbeam|12v1|SRR364455.122361_P1
1238
3282
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H164
ipomoea_nil|10v1|BJ559450_P1
1239
3283
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H165
melon|10v1|DV633226_P1
1240
3280
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H167
phyla|11v2|SRR099035X105603_P1
1241
3284
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H168
poppy|11v1|SRR030259.236762_P1
1242
3285
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H169
radish|gb164|EV532244
1243
3277
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H170
radish|gb164|EV544576
1244
3286
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H171
radish|gb164|EW724310
1245
3287
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H172
radish|gb164|EX895850
1246
3277
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H173
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAJ487384
1247
3288
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H174
tomato|11v1|AB001552
1248
3289
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H175
tomato|11v1|AJ487384
1249
3288
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H188
poplar|13v1|BU823181_P1
1250
3290
542
93.7
globlastp


LNU797_H176
cassava|09v1|JGICASSAVA42237VALIDM1_T1
1251
3291
542
93.67
glotblastn


LNU797_H177
fagopyrum|11v1|SRR063689X100469_T1
1252
3292
542
93.67
glotblastn


LNU797_H178
fraxinus|11v1|SRR058827.113356_T1
1253
3293
542
93.67
glotblastn


LNU797_H179
fraxinus|11v1|SRR058827.100546_T1
1254
3293
542
93.25
glotblastn


LNU797_H180
platanus|11v1|SRR096786X125700_T1
1255
3294
542
93.25
glotblastn


LGP52_H6
monkeyflower|12v1|DV206044_P1
1256
3295
542
93.2
globlastp


LGP52_H8
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP748670_P1
1257
3296
542
93.2
globlastp


LGP52_H10
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|CN747657_P1
1258
3297
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H181
fraxinus|11v1|SRR058827.105716_P1
1259
3298
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H182
ginger|gb164|DY345083_P1
1260
3299
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H183
jatropha|09v1|FM889898_P1
1261
3300
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H184
monkeyflower|10v1|DV206044
1262
3295
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H185
orobanche|10v1|SRR023189S0003752_P1
1263
3301
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H186
pepper|12v1|BM067274_P1
1264
3302
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H187
phyla|11v2|SRR099035X28578_P1
1265
3303
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H188
poplar|10v1|BU823181
1266
3304
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H189
poplar|10v1|BU887035
1267
3305
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H189
poplar|13v1|BU887035_P1
1268
3305
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H190
rose|12v1|EC589334
1269
3306
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H191
salvia|10v1|FE536702
1270
3307
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H192
strawberry|11v1|DV439642
1271
3308
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H193
tobacco|gb162|CV018545
1272
3309
542
93.2
globlastp


LNU797_H194
thellungiella_halophilum|11v1|BY811542
1273
3310
542
92.83
glotblastn


LNU797_H262
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EB425542_P1
1274
3311
542
92.8
globlastp


LGP52_H9
zostera|12v1|AM766202_P1
1275
3312
542
92.8
globlastp


LNU797_H195
eggplant|10v1|FS014765_P1
1276
3313
542
92.8
globlastp


LNU797_H196
nuphar|gb166|CK746396_P1
1277
3314
542
92.8
globlastp


LNU797_H197
parthenium|10v1|GW780462_P1
1278
3315
542
92.8
globlastp


LNU797_H198
phalaenopsis|11v1|CB032504_P1
1279
3316
542
92.8
globlastp


LNU797_H199
zostera|10v1|AM766202
1280
3312
542
92.8
globlastp


LNU797_H200
banana|12v1|DN239316_P1
1281
3317
542
92.6
globlastp


LNU797_H201
rye|12v1|DRR001012.220584
1282
3318
542
92.41
glotblastn


LNU797_H263
olea|13v1|SRR014464X10873D1_P1
1283
3319
542
92.4
globlastp


LGP52_H11
olea|13v1|SRR014463X25018D1_P1
1284
3320
542
92.4
globlastp


LNU797_H202
amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X147361_P1
1285
3321
542
92.4
globlastp


LNU797_H203
antirrhinum|gb166|AJ798448_P1
1286
3322
542
92.4
globlastp


LNU797_H204
silene|11v1|GH294688
1287
3323
542
92.4
globlastp


LNU797_H205
cycas|gb166|DR061950_P1
1288
3324
542
92
globlastp


LNU797_H206
tobacco|gb162|EB425542
1289
3325
542
92
globlastp


LNU797_H207
euphorbia|11v1|BP961521_T1
1290
3326
542
91.98
glotblastn


LNU797_H208
zamia|gb166|FD773811
1291
3327
542
91.6
globlastp


LNU797_H209
lovegrass|gb167|EH183763_T1
1292
3328
542
91.14
glotblastn


LNU797_H210
tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X101097
1293
3329
542
91.1
globlastp


LNU797_H211
vinca|11v1|SRR098690X109756
1294
3330
542
91.1
globlastp


LNU797_H212
banana|12v1|MAGEN2012011862_P1
1295
3331
542
90.7
globlastp


LNU797_H213
clementine|11v1|EY827323_T1
1296
3332
542
90.3
glotblastn


LNU797_H214
orange|11v1|CF835946_T1
1297
3333
542
90.3
glotblastn


LGP52_H12
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|FG198486_P1
1298
3334
542
90.1
globlastp


LNU797_H215
aquilegia|10v2|DR919315_P1
1299
3335
542
90
globlastp


LNU797_H216
olea|11v1|SRR014463.18338
1300
3336
542
89.8
globlastp


LNU797_H217
petunia|gb171|FN002916_P1
1301
3337
542
89.8
globlastp


LNU797_H218
guizotia|10v1|GE558856_P1
1302
3338
542
89.5
globlastp


LNU797_H219
parthenium|10v1|GW785978_P1
1303
3339
542
89.5
globlastp


LNU797_H220
liriodendron|gb166|CK757590_T1
1304
3340
542
89.03
glotblastn


LNU797_H221
rye|12v1|DRR001012.749006
1305
3341
542
88.43
glotblastn


LNU797_H222
ceratodon|10v1|SRR074890S0022447_P1
1306
3342
542
88.2
globlastp


LGP52_H13
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EH620293_T1
1307
3343
542
88.19
glotblastn


LNU797_H223
ambrosia|11v1|SRR346943.100828_T1
1308
3344
542
87.76
glotblastn


LNU797_H224
fraxinus|11v1|SRR058827.123528_T1
1309
3345
542
87.76
glotblastn


LNU797_H225
physcomitrella|10v1|AJ225438_P1
1310
3346
542
87.3
globlastp


LNU797_H226
physcomitrella|10v1|AW699661_P1
1311
3347
542
87.3
globlastp


LNU797_H227
spikemoss|gb165|FE508399
1312
3348
542
87.3
globlastp


LNU797_H228
cephalotaxus|11v1|SRR064395X105137_P1
1313
3349
542
86.9
globlastp


LNU797_H229
cryptomeria|gb166|BP174342_P1
1314
3350
542
86.9
globlastp


LNU797_H230
maritime_pine|10v1|BX249273_P1
1315
3351
542
86.9
globlastp


LNU797_H231
pine|10v2|AW587810_P1
1316
3351
542
86.9
globlastp


LNU797_H232
podocarpus|10v1|SRR065014S0007113_P1
1317
3352
542
86.9
globlastp


LNU797_H233
potato|10v1|AJ487384_P1
1318
3353
542
86.9
globlastp


LNU797_H234
sequoia|10v1|SRR065044S0017123
1319
3354
542
86.9
globlastp


LNU797_H235
spruce|11v1|ES249872
1320
3355
542
86.9
globlastp


LNU797_H236
taxus|10v1|SRR032523S0013310
1321
3349
542
86.9
globlastp


LNU797_H237
flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.152816_P1
1322
3356
542
86.5
globlastp


LNU797_H238
pseudotsuga|10v1|SRR065119S0007920
1323
3357
542
86.5
globlastp


LNU797_H239
pteridium|11v1|SRR043594X10900
1324
3358
542
86.5
glotblastn


LNU797_H240
marchantia|gb166|BJ844657_P1
1325
3359
542
86.1
globlastp


LNU797_H241
sciadopitys|10v1|SRR065035S0004334
1326
3360
542
86.1
globlastp


LNU797_H242
abies|11v2|SRR098676X104726_P1
1327
3361
542
85.7
globlastp


LNU797_H243
cedrus|11v1|SRR065007X120238_P1
1328
3362
542
85.7
globlastp


LNU797_H244
radish|gb164|EV532879
1329
3363
542
85.2
globlastp


LNU797_H245
tea|10v1|GT087989
1330
3364
542
85.2
globlastp


LNU797_H246
nicotiana_benthamiana|gb162|CN747657
1331
3365
542
84.4
globlastp


LNU797_H247
gnetum|10v1|EX949788_P1
1332
3366
542
84
globlastp


LNU797_H248
sugarcane|10v1|BQ536868
1333
3367
542
83.9
globlastp


LNU797_H249
liquorice|gb171|FS266885_P1
1334
3368
542
83.1
globlastp


LNU797_H250
poppy|11v1|SRR096789.122184_P1
1335
3369
542
82.7
globlastp


LNU797_H251
radish|gb164|EV529042
1336
3370
542
82.7
globlastp


LNU797_H252
radish|gb164|EV539130
1337
3370
542
82.7
globlastp


LNU797_H253
radish|gb164|EV542996
1338
3371
542
82.7
globlastp


LNU797_H254
cyamopsis|10v1|EG989234_P1
1339
3372
542
82.3
globlastp


LNU797_H255
poppy|11v1|SRR030267.187266_P1
1340
3373
542
82.3
globlastp


LNU797_H256
flax|11v1|JG084720_T1
1341
3374
542
82.28
glotblastn


LNU797_H257
gerbera|09v1|AJ754027_P1
1342
3375
542
81.9
globlastp


LNU797_H258
distylium|11v1|SRR065077X153511_P1
1343
3376
542
81.4
globlastp


LNU797_H259
lovegrass|gb167|EH185755_P1
1344
3377
542
81.4
globlastp


LNU797_H260
blueberry|12v1|SRR353285X11741D1_T1
1345
3378
542
81.01
glotblastn


LNU797_H261
poppy|11v1|SRR096789.253826_T1
1346
3379
542
81.01
glotblastn


LNU798_H1
barley|12v1|BE422159_P1
1347
3380
543
97
globlastp


LNU798_H2
sorghum|12v1|SB02G019500
1348
3381
543
93.8
globlastp


LNU798_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI029445M_P1
1349
3382
543
93.7
globlastp


LNU798_H4
maize|10v1|AI629903_P1
1350
3383
543
93.5
globlastp


LNU798_H5
wheat|12v3|AL819672
1351
3384
543
91.4
globlastp


LNU798_H6
rice|11v1|AU174198
1352
3385
543
91.2
globlastp


LNU798_H10
switchgrass|12v1|FE609190_P1
1353
3386
543
91
globlastp


LNU798_H7
wheat|12v3|BQ245545
1354
3387
543
91
globlastp


LNU798_H8
millet|10v1|EVO454PM023052_P1
1355
3388
543
87.3
globlastp


LNU798_H9
wheat|12v3|BG606377
1356
3389
543
85.4
globlastp


LNU799_H1
oat|11v1|GR338611_P1
1357
3390
544
95.5
globlastp


LNU799_H2
leymus|gb166|EG397348_P1
1358
3391
544
93.9
globlastp


LNU799_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.356736
1359
3391
544
93.9
globlastp


LNU799_H4
rye|12v1|DRR001012.648999
1360
3391
544
93.9
globlastp


LNU799_H5
rye|12v1|DRR001012.761725
1361
3391
544
93.9
globlastp


LNU799_H6
wheat|12v3|BE403020
1362
3391
544
93.9
globlastp


LNU799_H7
barley|12v1|BI953338_P1
1363
3392
544
93.5
globlastp


LNU799_H8
rice|11v1|AU085931
1364
3393
544
91.1
globlastp


LNU799_H9
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI030913M_P1
1365
3394
544
84.4
globlastp


LNU799_H10
millet|10v1|PMSLX0021480_P1
1366
3395
544
84.1
globlastp


LNU799_H11
maize|10v1|FL234904_P1
1367
3396
544
84
globlastp


LNU799_H12
maize|10v1|AW076436_P1
1368
3397
544
83.3
globlastp


LNU799_H13
sorghum|12v1|SB02G024130
1369
3398
544
82.9
globlastp


LNU799_H15
switchgrass|12v1|FE619626_P1
1370
3399
544
82.5
globlastp


LNU799_H14
switchgrass|gb167|FE619626
1371
3400
544
81.7
globlastp


LNU801_H9
switchgrass|12v1|FL970980_P1
1372
3401
546
93.1
globlastp


LNU801_H1
millet|10v1|EVO454PM000992_P1
1373
3402
546
92.5
globlastp


LNU801_H2
sorghum|12v1|SB03G046360
1374
3403
546
90
globlastp


LNU801_H3
rice|11v1|BM420996
1375
3404
546
88.79
glotblastn


LNU801_H4
maize|10v1|AI734386_P1
1376
3405
546
87.9
globlastp


LNU801_H5
maize|10v1|BE552901_P1
1377
3406
546
87.2
globlastp


LNU801_H6
barley|12v1|BE412491_P1
1378
3407
546
82.9
globlastp


LNU801_H7
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G61240_P1
1379
3408
546
82
globlastp


LNU801_H8
rye|12v1|DRR001012.134722
1380
3409
546
81.6
globlastp


LNU802_H1
rice|11v1|C26804
1381
3410
547
91.3
globlastp


LNU802_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI021421M_P1
1382
3411
547
89.1
globlastp


LNU802_H3
rice|11v1|BF475211
1383
3412
547
88.9
globlastp


LNU802_H20
switchgrass|12v1|FL702067_P1
1384
3413
547
88.5
globlastp


LNU802_H4
millet|10v1|EVO454PM003455_P1
1385
3414
547
88
globlastp


LNU802_H5
sorghum|12v1|SB09G029750
1386
3415
547
87.8
globlastp


LNU802_H6
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G15300T2_P1
1387
3416
547
87.2
globlastp


LNU802_H7
wheat|12v3|BJ257279
1388
3417
547
86.9
globlastp


LNU802_H8
wheat|12v3|SRR073321X559678D1
1389
3417
547
86.9
globlastp


LNU802_H9
barley|12v1|AV833654_P1
1390
3418
547
86.7
globlastp


LNU802_H10
rye|12v1|DRR001012.106866
1391
3419
547
86.5
globlastp


LNU802_H11
wheat|12v3|CA497108
1392
3420
547
86.5
globlastp


LNU802_H12
rye|12v1|DRR001012.119952
1393
3421
547
86.3
globlastp


LNU802_H13
rye|12v1|DRR001012.141039
1394
3422
547
86.3
globlastp


LNU802_H14
wheat|12v3|SRR043326X44117D1
1395
3423
547
85.7
globlastp


LNU802_H15
rye|12v1|DRR001012.724073
1396
3424
547
84.84
glotblastn


LNU802_H16
rye|12v1|DRR001012.794078
1397
3425
547
84.63
glotblastn


LNU802_H17
rye|12v1|DRR001012.762098
1398
3426
547
84.6
globlastp


LNU802_H18
oat|11v1|CN816181_P1
1399
3427
547
83.7
globlastp


LNU802_H19
wheat|12v3|SRR043323X82204D1
1400
3428
547
81.48
glotblastn


LNU803_H7
switchgrass|12v1|FL957205_P1
1401
3429
548
91.1
globlastp


LNU803_H1
millet|10v1|EVO454PM050490_P1
1402
3430
548
89.9
globlastp


LNU803_H8
switchgrass|12v1|JG811131_P1
1403
3431
548
88.6
globlastp


LNU803_H2
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G60317_P1
1404
3432
548
88.6
globlastp


LNU803_H3
switchgrass|gb167|FL957205
1405
3433
548
86.1
globlastp


LNU803_H9
switchgrass|12v1|SRR364496.92662_T1
1406
3434
548
83.54
glotblastn


LNU803_H4
wheat|12v3|SRR043323X35031D1
1407
3435
548
81.2
globlastp


LNU803_H5
maize|10v1|AI629617_P1
1408
3436
548
81
globlastp


LNU803_H6
maize|10v1|AW288544_P1
1409
3436
548
81
globlastp


LNU805_H2
switchgrass|12v1|DN145962_T1
1410
3437
550
80.05
glotblastn


LNU805_H1
switchgrass|gb167|DN145962
1411
3438
550
80
glotblastn


LNU807_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB09G006610
1412
3439
552
96.1
globlastp


LNU807_H12
switchgrass|12v1|FL935393_P1
1413
3440
552
94.6
globlastp


LNU807_H2
maize|10v1|CD950739_P1
1414
3441
552
93.8
globlastp


LNU807_H3
millet|10v1|EVO454PM000715_P1
1415
3442
552
88
globlastp


LNU807_H4
wheat|12v3|BG605330
1416
3443
552
85.2
globlastp


LNU807_H5
wheat|12v3|CA627721
1417
3444
552
85
globlastp


LNU807_H6
wheat|12v3|SRR043323X42120D1
1418
3444
552
85
globlastp


LNU807_H7
rye|12v1|DRR001012.103250
1419
3445
552
84.9
globlastp


LNU807_H8
wheat|12v3|CD917464
1420
3446
552
84.7
globlastp


LNU807_H9
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G26810_P1
1421
3447
552
84.3
globlastp


LNU807_H10
rice|11v1|AA753940
1422
3448
552
84.3
globlastp


LNU807_H11
rice|11v1|BI807965
1423
3449
552
84.3
globlastp


LNU808_H1
millet|10v1|EVO454PM012822_P1
1424
3450
553
95
globlastp


LNU808_H5
switchgrass|12v1|DN145950_P1
1425
3451
553
94.5
globlastp


LNU808_H2
switchgrass|gb167|DN145950
1426
3451
553
94.5
globlastp


LNU808_H6
switchgrass|12v1|FL698385_P1
1427
3452
553
93.1
globlastp


LNU808_H3
sorghum|12v1|SB06G033120
1428
3453
553
90
globlastp


LNU808_H4
maize|10v1|CF636626_P1
1429
3454
553
89
globlastp


LNU809_H1
switchgrass|gb167|DN142820
1430
3455
554
93.9
globlastp


LNU809_H2
maize|10v1|BE344743_P1
1431
3456
554
87.9
globlastp


LNU809_H3
sorghum|12v1|SB01G001260
1432
3457
554
87.3
globlastp


LNU809_H4
sugarcane|10v1|CA110374
1433
3458
554
84.7
globlastp


LNU809_H5
rice|11v1|BI306268
1434
3459
554
82.4
globlastp


LNU810_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|SICRP020917_P1
1435
3460
555
95.8
globlastp


LNU810_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI012527M_T1
1436
3461
555
94.17
glotblastn


LNU810_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|SICRP100316_P1
1437
3462
555
89.2
globlastp


LNU810_H4
millet|10v1|EVO454PM110704_T1
1438
3463
555
86.67
glotblastn


LNU811_H1
sugarcane|10v1|BU103402
1439
3464
556
81.9
globlastp


LNU811_H2
sorghum|12v1|SB09G001370
1440
3465
556
80.5
globlastp


LNU813_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB01G011930
1441
3466
557
89
globlastp


LNU815_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB03G031180
1442
3467
559
94
globlastp


LNU815_H2
sugarcane|10v1|CA123143
1443
3468
559
93.4
globlastp


LNU815_H11
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187765.104957_P1
1444
3469
559
91
globlastp


LNU815_H12
switchgrass|12v1|FL826760_P1
1445
3470
559
89.3
globlastp


LNU815_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI003141M_P1
1446
3471
559
89.2
globlastp


LNU815_H4
switchgrass|gb167|FL826760
1447
3472
559
88.7
globlastp


LNU815_H5
rice|11v1|AU174360
1448
3473
559
88.6
globlastp


LNU815_H6
millet|10v1|PMSLX0006943_P1
1449
3474
559
85.6
globlastp


LNU815_H7
rye|12v1|DRR001012.175289
1450
3475
559
85
globlastp


LNU815_H8
rye|12v1|DRR001012.458810
1451
3475
559
85
globlastp


LNU815_H9
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G46560_T1
1452
3476
559
83.23
glotblastn


LNU815_H10
wheat|12v3|BE442626
1453
3477
559
82.6
globlastp


LNU816_H5
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G53550_P1
1454
3478
560
91.5
globlastp


LNU816_H6
rice|11v1|CA759966
1455
3479
560
91.1
globlastp


LNU816_H10
rye|12v1|DRR001014.10485
1456
3480
560
82.1
globlastp


LNU817_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB06G032840
1457
3481
561
91.6
globlastp


LNU817_H2
maize|10v1|AI714648_P1
1458
3482
561
88.9
globlastp


LNU817_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI018613M_P1
1459
3483
561
85.5
globlastp


LNU817_H7
switchgrass|12v1|FL735544_P1
1460
3484
561
84.7
globlastp


LNU817_H4
cenchrus|gb166|EB660297_P1
1461
3485
561
84.1
globlastp


LNU817_H5
switchgrass|gb167|FL735544
1462
3486
561
82.9
globlastp


LNU817_H6
millet|10v1|EVO454PM108926_P1
1463
3487
561
80.1
globlastp


LNU819_H5
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187765.390310_P1
1464
3488
563
86.8
globlastp


LNU819_H1
maize|10v1|EU946864_P1
1465
3489
563
86.3
globlastp


LNU819_H6
switchgrass|12v1|FL841069_P1
1466
3490
563
85.7
globlastp


LNU819_H2
switchgrass|gb167|FL841069
1467
3491
563
84.6
globlastp


LNU819_H3
sorghum|12v1|CF759244
1468
3492
563
82.42
glotblastn


LNU819_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI031669M_P1
1469
3493
563
80.2
globlastp


LNU820_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB07G028630
1470
3494
564
91.3
globlastp


LNU820_H2
millet|10v1|EVO454PM458338_P1
1471
3495
564
87
globlastp


LNU820_H7
switchgrass|12v1|FE655496_P1
1472
3496
564
86.4
globlastp


LNU820_H8
switchgrass|12v1|FE619575_P1
1473
3497
564
86.1
globlastp


LNU820_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI014065M_P1
1474
3498
564
86.1
globlastp


LNU820_H4
switchgrass|gb167|FE619575
1475
3499
564
86.1
globlastp


LNU820_H5
switchgrass|gb167|FE655496
1476
3500
564
81.6
globlastp


LNU820_H6
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G39210_P1
1477
3501
564
80.7
globlastp


LNU822_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI011544M_P1
1478
3502
566
94.3
globlastp


LNU822_H2
sorghum|12v1|SB06G001560
1479
3503
566
94.3
globlastp


LNU822_H3
sugarcane|10v1|CA087712
1480
3503
566
94.3
globlastp


LNU822_H4
wheat|12v3|CA484262
1481
3503
566
94.3
globlastp


LNU822_H17
switchgrass|12v1|FL830389_P1
1482
3504
566
92.9
globlastp


LNU822_H5
switchgrass|gb167|FL830388
1483
3504
566
92.9
globlastp


LNU822_H6
cynodon|10v1|ES301162_P1
1484
3505
566
91.4
globlastp


LNU822_H7
millet|10v1|EVO454PM225827_P1
1485
3506
566
91.4
globlastp


LNU822_H18
switchgrass|12v1|FL830388_P1
1486
3507
566
90
globlastp


LNU822_H8
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI5G00560_P1
1487
3508
566
90
globlastp


LNU822_H9
barley|12v1|BI949537_P1
1488
3509
566
88.6
globlastp


LNU822_H10
rice|11v1|AA750203
1489
3510
566
88.6
globlastp


LNU822_H11
cynodon|10v1|ES294723_T1
1490
3511
566
87.14
glotblastn


LNU822_H12
oat|11v1|GO594699_P1
1491
3512
566
85.7
globlastp


LNU822_H13
wheat|12v3|BE490468
1492
3513
566
85.7
globlastp


LNU822_H14
wheat|12v3|BI751481
1493
3513
566
85.7
globlastp


LNU822_H15
oil_palm|11v1|SRR190699.168391_P1
1494
3514
566
81.4
globlastp


LNU822_H16
zostera|10v1|SRR057351S0024697
1495
3515
566
80
globlastp


LNU823_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB10G008020
1496
3516
567
96.4
globlastp


LNU823_H2
maize|10v1|AI861542_P1
1497
3517
567
92.7
globlastp


LNU823_H20
switchgrass|12v1|FE618890_P1
1498
3518
567
90.6
globlastp


LNU823_H21
switchgrass|12v1|FE626264_P1
1499
3518
567
90.6
globlastp


LNU823_H3
switchgrass|gb167|FE618890
1500
3518
567
90.6
globlastp


LNU823_H4
cynodon|10v1|ES300242_P1
1501
3519
567
89.6
globlastp


LNU823_H5
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI007340M_P1
1502
3520
567
89.1
globlastp


LNU823_H6
lovegrass|gb167|EH186334_P1
1503
3521
567
87
globlastp


LNU823_H7
millet|10v1|EVO454PM084286_P1
1504
3522
567
86.5
globlastp


LNU823_H8
rice|11v1|BE230397
1505
3523
567
86
globlastp


LNU823_H9
sugarcane|10v1|CA098201
1506
3524
567
84.9
globlastp


LNU823_H10
leymus|gb166|CD808583_P1
1507
3525
567
83.5
globlastp


LNU823_H11
wheat|12v3|BE416640
1508
3526
567
83.5
globlastp


LNU823_H12
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF347817
1509
3527
567
83
globlastp


LNU823_H13
cenchrus|gb166|EB656741_P1
1510
3528
567
82.8
globlastp


LNU823_H14
barley|12v1|BE603265_P1
1511
3529
567
82.5
globlastp


LNU823_H15
oat|11v1|GO588574_P1
1512
3530
567
81.9
globlastp


LNU823_H16
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G45240_P1
1513
3531
567
81.8
globlastp


LNU823_H17
rye|12v1|BE495527
1514
3532
567
81.6
globlastp


LNU823_H18
rye|12v1|BE587517
1515
3532
567
81.6
globlastp


LNU823_H19
lolium|10v1|ES700436_P1
1516
3533
567
80.3
globlastp


LNU824_H1
maize|10v1|BE575106_P1
1517
3534
568
97.8
globlastp


LNU824_H5
millet|10v1|EVO454PM005683_P1
1518
3535
568
95.2
globlastp


LNU824_H21
maize|10v1|BE056872_P1
1519
3536
568
89.4
globlastp


LNU824_H27
wheat|12v3|BE400910
1520
3537
568
88
globlastp


LNU824_H28
wheat|12v3|SRR073322X587000D1
1521
3538
568
88
globlastp


LNU824_H29
rye|12v1|DRR001012.606957
1522
3539
568
87.96
glotblastn


LNU824_H30
wheat|12v3|BQ483480
1523
3540
568
87.7
globlastp


LNU824_H37
poplar|10v1|BI139016
1524
3541
568
81.3
globlastp


LNU824_H37
poplar|13v1|BI139016_P1
1525
3541
568
81.3
globlastp


LNU824_H42
tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X102165
1526
3542
568
80.78
glotblastn


LNU824_H47
banana|12v1|MAGEN2012015228_P1
1527
3543
568
80.5
globlastp


LNU824_H49
platanus|11v1|SRR096786X106999_T1
1528
3544
568
80.45
glotblastn


LNU828_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB01G037440
1529
3545
570
93.9
globlastp


LNU828_H2
sugarcane|10v1|CA069736
1530
3546
570
93.3
globlastp


LNU828_H3
maize|10v1|BI991815_P1
1531
3547
570
88.2
globlastp


LNU828_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC613572_P1
1532
3548
570
87.5
globlastp


LNU828_H10
switchgrass|12v1|FE628831_P1
1533
3549
570
86.9
globlastp


LNU828_H5
switchgrass|gb167|FE628831
1534
3549
570
86.9
globlastp


LNU828_H11
switchgrass|12v1|FE635562_P1
1535
3550
570
86.6
globlastp


LNU828_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FE635562
1536
3550
570
86.6
globlastp


LNU828_H7
millet|10v1|EVO454PM010680_P1
1537
3551
570
84.3
globlastp


LNU828_H8
rice|11v1|BF430629
1538
3552
570
80.9
globlastp


LNU828_H9
cenchrus|gb166|BM084141_P1
1539
3553
570
80.8
globlastp


LNU829_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB10G002790
1540
3554
571
94.5
globlastp


LNU829_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI007445M_P1
1541
3555
571
93.8
globlastp


LNU700_H2
switchgrass|12v1|FE646787_T1
1542
3556
571
92.47
glotblastn


LNU829_H5
switchgrass|gb167|FL894055
1543
—
571
91.1
glotblastn


LNU830_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB05G022780
1544
3557
572
96.9
globlastp


LNU830_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI025963M_P1
1545
3558
572
96.2
globlastp


LNU830_H3
maize|10v1|CD942361_P1
1546
3559
572
95.8
globlastp


LNU830_H13
switchgrass|12v1|FL692292_T1
1547
3560
572
94.72
glotblastn


LNU830_H14
switchgrass|12v1|FL694591_P1
1548
3561
572
94.5
globlastp


LNU830_H4
rice|11v1|BE039844
1549
3562
572
91.9
globlastp


LNU830_H5
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G15130_P1
1550
3563
572
90.5
globlastp


LNU830_H6
rye|12v1|DRR001012.122402
1551
3564
572
89.7
globlastp


LNU830_H7
wheat|12v3|BJ292957
1552
3565
572
89.6
globlastp


LNU830_H8
millet|10v1|EVO454PM046481_P1
1553
3566
572
88.7
globlastp


LNU830_H9
wheat|12v3|SRR400820X1166902D1
1554
3567
572
88.31
glotblastn


LNU830_H10
wheat|12v3|CA640921
1555
3568
572
86.1
globlastp


LNU830_H11
rye|12v1|DRR001013.178186
1556
3569
572
85.62
glotblastn


LNU830_H12
wheat|12v3|BJ299341
1557
3570
572
80.7
globlastp


LNU832_H3
switchgrass|12v1|FL740797_T1
1558
3571
574
83.82
glotblastn


LNU832_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI005129M_T1
1559
3572
574
83.82
glotblastn


LNU833_H2
switchgrass|gb167|FE608977
1560
3573
575
87.3
globlastp


LNU833_H4
switchgrass|12v1|FL864642_P1
1561
3574
575
87.1
globlastp


LNU834_H3
switchgrass|12v1|FE628655_P1
1562
3575
576
88.5
globlastp


LNU834_H4
switchgrass|12v1|FL721897_P1
1563
3576
576
87.1
globlastp


LNU834_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI032419M_P1
1564
3577
576
84.2
globlastp


LNU835_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB03G036980
1565
3578
577
92.7
globlastp


LNU835_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI001322M_P1
1566
3579
577
87.8
globlastp


LNU835_H3
switchgrass|12v1|FL816691_P1
1567
3580
577
86
globlastp


LNU835_H4
switchgrass|12v1|DN148836_T1
1568
3581
577
82.43
glotblastn


LNU837_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA099580
1569
3582
578
93.6
globlastp


LNU837_H3
sorghum|12v1|SB01G044830
1570
3583
578
89.7
globlastp


LNU837_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI036841M_P1
1571
3584
578
81.3
globlastp


LNU838_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB08G016060
1572
3585
579
81.4
globlastp


LNU838_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI022177M_P1
1573
3586
579
80
globlastp


LNU839_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB01G035480
1574
3587
580
94.7
globlastp


LNU839_H6
switchgrass|12v1|FL711007_P1
1575
3588
580
92.7
globlastp


LNU839_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI034579M_P1
1576
3589
580
90.9
globlastp


LNU839_H3
switchgrass|gb167|FL711007
1577
3590
580
90.26
glotblastn


LNU839_H7
switchgrass|12v1|FL913070_P1
1578
3591
580
88.6
globlastp


LNU839_H4
barley|12v1|AK365006_P1
1579
3592
580
83.1
globlastp


LNU839_H5
rice|11v1|CI197575
1580
3593
580
82.7
globlastp


LNU840_H1
maize|10v1|GRMZM2G126856T01_T1
1581
3594
581
89.53
glotblastn


LNU840_H2
sorghum|12v1|SB01G012580
1582
3595
581
83.58
glotblastn


LNU840_H3
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187767.717986_P1
1583
3596
581
82.2
globlastp


LNU841_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB08G017100
1584
3597
582
94.3
globlastp


LNU841_H2
sorghum|12v1|XM_002442210
1585
3597
582
94.3
globlastp


LNU841_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI023738M_P1
1586
3598
582
93.3
globlastp


LNU841_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI023743M_P1
1587
3599
582
93.3
globlastp


LNU841_H17
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187766.726682_P1
1588
3600
582
92.3
globlastp


LNU841_H5
sorghum|12v1|SB08G017170
1589
3601
582
90.6
globlastp


LNU841_H18
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187768.166352_P1
1590
3602
582
90.4
globlastp


LNU841_H19
switchgrass|12v1|FL882657_P1
1591
3603
582
89.4
globlastp


LNU841_H20
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187769.1407427_P1
1592
3604
582
86.7
globlastp


LNU841_H6
maize|10v1|GRMZM2G303536T01_P1
1593
3605
582
84.9
globlastp


LNU841_H7
cynodon|10v1|ES306830_P1
1594
3606
582
84.6
globlastp


LNU841_H8
wheat|12v3|CA658370
1595
3607
582
83.8
globlastp


LNU841_H9
barley|12v1|HV12v1CRP170116_P1
1596
3608
582
82.9
globlastp


LNU841_H10
rice|11v1|BI118730
1597
3609
582
82.9
globlastp


LNU841_H11
rye|12v1|DRR001012.239987
1598
3608
582
82.9
globlastp


LNU841_H12
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G05620_P1
1599
3610
582
81.9
globlastp


LNU841_H13
cynodon|10v1|ES298100_P1
1600
3611
582
81.7
globlastp


LNU841_H14
rye|12v1|DRR001012.383938
1601
3612
582
81.7
globlastp


LNU841_H21
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187771.1169651_P1
1602
3613
582
81.2
globlastp


LNU841_H15
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G05650_P1
1603
3614
582
81
globlastp


LNU841_H22
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187769.117822_P1
1604
3615
582
80.8
globlastp


LNU841_H16
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF355748
1605
3616
582
80.8
globlastp


LNU843_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI005850M_P1
1606
3617
583
83.6
globlastp


LNU843_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB10G014220
1607
3618
583
83.4
globlastp


LNU843_H3
barley|12v1|BJ449862_P1
1608
3619
583
80.1
globlastp


LNU844_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB06G023170
1609
3620
584
86.7
globlastp


LNU844_H7
switchgrass|12v1|FE634672_P1
1610
3621
584
84
globlastp


LNU844_H8
switchgrass|12v1|FL828787_P1
1611
3622
584
83.7
globlastp


LNU844_H2
switchgrass|gb167|FE634672
1612
3623
584
83.6
globlastp


LNU844_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI010995M_P1
1613
3624
584
81.3
globlastp


LNU844_H4
millet|10v1|EVO454PM170895_P1
1614
3625
584
81
globlastp


LNU844_H5
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI5G16300_T1
1615
3626
584
80.59
glotblastn


LNU844_H6
maize|10v1|CF632136_P1
1616
3627
584
80
globlastp


LNU845_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB02G039730
1617
3628
585
91
globlastp


LNU890_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA092661
1618
3629
586
80.5
globlastp


LNU890_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA092661
1618
3629
625
88.1
globlastp


LNU849_H1
rice|11v1|AF140491
1619
3630
589
98.67
glotblastn


LNU849_H2
barley|12v1|BM443537_P1
1620
3631
589
87.5
globlastp


LNU849_H3
leymus|gb166|EG396571_P1
1621
3632
589
87.5
globlastp


LNU849_H4
maize|10v1|AI746262_P1
1622
3633
589
86.7
globlastp


LNU849_H5
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI002848M_P1
1623
3634
589
86.6
globlastp


LNU849_H6
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF366817
1624
3635
589
86.6
globlastp


LNU849_H7
rye|12v1|BE587488
1625
3636
589
86.6
globlastp


LNU849_H8
rye|12v1|DRR001012.10525
1626
3636
589
86.6
globlastp


LNU849_H9
sugarcane|10v1|CA065802
1627
3637
589
86.6
globlastp


LNU849_H10
wheat|12v3|BQ483162
1628
3638
589
86.6
globlastp


LNU849_H17
switchgrass|12v1|FE636162_P1
1629
3639
589
86.2
globlastp


LNU849_H11
sorghum|12v1|SB03G030650
1630
3640
589
86.2
globlastp


LNU849_H18
switchgrass|12v1|FE625302_P1
1631
3641
589
85.7
globlastp


LNU849_H12
switchgrass|gb167|FE625301
1632
3642
589
85.7
globlastp


LNU849_H13
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G46060_P1
1633
3643
589
85.3
globlastp


LNU849_H14
oat|11v1|GR357640_T1
1634
3644
589
82.59
glotblastn


LNU849_H15
millet|10v1|EVO454PM504671_P1
1635
3645
589
80.8
globlastp


LNU849_H19
switchgrass|12v1|FL757304_T1
1636
3646
589
80.36
glotblastn


LNU849_H16
switchgrass|gb167|FL757304
1637
3646
589
80.36
glotblastn


LNU850_H1
maize|10v1|AI677001_P1
1638
3647
590
80.2
globlastp


LNU852_H1
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI5G21580_P1
1639
3648
592
82
globlastp


LNU852_H2
oat|11v1|GR321105_P1
1640
3649
592
81.8
globlastp


LNU852_H3
barley|12v1|BF630808_P1
1641
3650
592
81.7
globlastp


LNU852_H4
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF354586
1642
3651
592
80.9
globlastp


LNU852_H5
wheat|12v3|BE403524
1643
3652
592
80.7
globlastp


LNU854_H1
rice|11v1|AA752561
1644
3653
594
95.94
glotblastn


LNU854_H2
maize|10v1|AW330902_P1
1645
3654
594
90.8
globlastp


LNU854_H3
sorghum|12v1|SB01G007880
1646
3655
594
90.8
globlastp


LNU854_H22
switchgrass|12v1|FE619859_P1
1647
3656
594
90.1
globlastp


LNU854_H4
wheat|12v3|BG604569
1648
3657
594
90
globlastp


LNU854_H5
rye|12v1|DRR001012.108381
1649
3658
594
87.99
glotblastn


LNU854_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FE619859
1650
3659
594
87.8
globlastp


LNU854_H7
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI034415M_P1
1651
3660
594
86.4
globlastp


LNU854_H8
banana|12v1|GFXAC186756X17_P1
1652
3661
594
82.9
globlastp


LNU854_H9
banana|12v1|BBS110T3_P1
1653
3662
594
82.7
globlastp


LNU854_H10
banana|12v1|MAGEN2012031765_T1
1654
3663
594
81.24
glotblastn


LNU854_H11
oak|10v1|CU640269_P1
1655
3664
594
80.3
globlastp


LNU854_H12
arabidopsis_lyrata|09v1|JGIAL026584_P1
1656
3665
594
80.2
globlastp


LNU854_H13
b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01BGQGU_P1
1657
3666
594
80.2
globlastp


LNU854_H14
b_rapa|11v1|CD832802_P1
1658
3666
594
80.2
globlastp


LNU854_H15
canola|11v1|EE459921_P1
1659
3666
594
80.2
globlastp


LNU854_H16
eucalyptus|11v2|SRR001659X91383_P1
1660
3667
594
80.2
globlastp


LNU854_H17
b_juncea|12v1|AJ561120_P1
1661
3668
594
80.1
globlastp


LNU854_H18
phalaenopsis|11v1|SRR125771.100605_P1
1662
3669
594
80.1
globlastp


LNU854_H19
arabidopsis|10v1|AT4G16370_T1
1663
3670
594
80.05
glotblastn


LNU854_H20
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAI774365
1664
3671
594
80.05
glotblastn


LNU854_H21
thellungiella_parvulum|11v1|BY803192
1665
3672
594
80
glotblastn


LNU856_H2
switchgrass|gb167|FE644937
1666
3673
595
91.45
glotblastn


LNU856_H7
maize|10v1|BM896061_P1
1667
3674
595
87.9
globlastp


LNU861_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI013407M_T1
1668
3675
598
97.26
glotblastn


LNU861_H2
maize|10v1|CD438306_T1
1669
3676
598
94.32
glotblastn


LNU861_H4
rice|11v1|CK071575
1670
3677
598
89.82
glotblastn


LNU861_H5
rice|11v1|SOLX00081332
1671
3677
598
89.82
glotblastn


LNU861_H6
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G37580_T1
1672
3678
598
89.67
glotblastn


LNU861_H7
rye|12v1|DRR001012.202554
1673
3679
598
89.28
glotblastn


LNU861_H8
barley|12v1|CA028638_T1
1674
3680
598
89.24
glotblastn


LNU861_H9
rice|11v1|CA756830
1675
3681
598
82.97
glotblastn


LNU861_H10
rice|11v1|CK008076
1676
3682
598
82.97
glotblastn


LNU861_H11
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI031891M_T1
1677
3683
598
82.36
glotblastn


LNU861_H12
wheat|12v3|SRR073321X296640D1
1678
3684
598
81.5
globlastp


LNU861_H13
barley|12v1|CA008529_T1
1679
3685
598
81.41
glotblastn


LNU861_H14
maize|10v1|DN222557_T1
1680
3686
598
80.93
glotblastn


LNU861_H15
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G31270_T1
1681
3687
598
80.58
glotblastn


LNU861_H16
sorghum|12v1|SB02G025750
1682
3688
598
80.5
glotblastn


LNU861_H17
maize|10v1|EE160122_T1
1683
3689
598
80.15
glotblastn


LNU862_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB08G001030
1684
3690
599
94.5
globlastp


LNU862_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI009715M_P1
1685
3691
599
93.8
globlastp


LNU862_H2
switchgrass|gb167|FL705388
1686
3692
599
93.7
globlastp


LNU862_H16
switchgrass|12v1|FE626506_P1
1687
3693
599
93.3
globlastp


LNU862_H6
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI026163M_P1
1688
3694
599
92.8
globlastp


LNU862_H7
millet|10v1|EVO454PM031355_P1
1689
3695
599
91.9
globlastp


LNU862_H5
millet|10v1|EVO454PM017321_P1
1690
3696
599
90.2
globlastp


LNU862_H4
maize|10v1|CO449955_P1
1691
3697
599
89.5
globlastp


LNU862_H8
rice|11v1|BI806647
1692
3698
599
87.7
globlastp


LNU862_H9
rice|11v1|CK041467
1693
3699
599
86.82
glotblastn


LNU862_H12
wheat|12v3|BE424023
1694
3700
599
82.5
globlastp


LNU862_H11
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G26590_P1
1695
3701
599
82.3
globlastp


LNU862_H14
rye|12v1|DRR001012.223104
1696
3702
599
82
globlastp


LNU864_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA284192
1697
3703
600
88.1
globlastp


LNU864_H2
maize|10v1|BG841837_P1
1698
3704
600
83.3
globlastp


LNU864_H3
maize|10v1|BM074912_P1
1699
3705
600
82
globlastp


LNU864_H4
switchgrass|gb167|FL763699
1700
3706
600
82
globlastp


LNU864_H7
switchgrass|12v1|FL763699_T1
1701
3707
600
81.97
glotblastn


LNU864_H5
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI003614M_T1
1702
3708
600
80
glotblastn


LNU864_H6
foxtail_millet|11v3|SOLX00021347_T1
1703
—
600
80
glotblastn


LNU865_H4
switchgrass|12v1|FL867036_P1
1704
3709
601
90.7
globlastp


LNU865_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FL693600_P1
1705
3710
601
90.1
globlastp


LNU865_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI019927M_P1
1706
3711
601
89.6
globlastp


LNU865_H2
maize|10v1|AW056335_P1
1707
3712
601
87
globlastp


LNU865_H3
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G55730_P1
1708
3713
601
80.6
globlastp


LNU867_H1
maize|10v1|AI622284_P1
1709
3714
603
95.4
globlastp


LNU867_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI034422M_P1
1710
3715
603
91.4
globlastp


LNU867_H6
switchgrass|12v1|FE639293_P1
1711
3716
603
88.8
globlastp


LNU867_H3
rice|11v1|AU065908
1712
3717
603
85.1
globlastp


LNU867_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G04830_P1
1713
3718
603
84.5
globlastp


LNU867_H5
rye|12v1|DRR001012.163223
1714
3719
603
83.4
globlastp


LNU867_H7
switchgrass|12v1|DN143060_T1
1715
3720
603
80.57
glotblastn


LNU868_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA093083
1716
3721
604
89.96
glotblastn


LNU868_H2
maize|10v1|AI947616_P1
1717
3722
604
89.2
globlastp


LNU868_H9
switchgrass|12v1|FL739389_P1
1718
3723
604
88.8
globlastp


LNU868_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI037194M_P1
1719
3724
604
88.8
globlastp


LNU868_H4
switchgrass|gb167|FL739389
1720
3723
604
88.8
globlastp


LNU868_H5
cenchrus|gb166|BM084505_P1
1721
3725
604
88
globlastp


LNU868_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FL693838
1722
3726
604
88
globlastp


LNU868_H10
switchgrass|12v1|FL693838_T1
1723
3727
604
87.95
glotblastn


LNU868_H7
millet|10v1|PMSLX0030911D1_P1
1724
3728
604
86.7
globlastp


LNU868_H8
rice|11v1|OSU16747
1725
3729
604
80.6
globlastp


LNU869_H1
maize|10v1|BM266786_T1
1726
3730
605
84.71
glotblastn


LNU870_H2
maize|10v1|CB616889_P1
1727
3731
606
93.7
globlastp


LNU870_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FL933190_P1
1728
3732
606
89.8
globlastp


LNU870_H6
switchgrass|12v1|FL689654_P1
1729
3733
606
89
globlastp


LNU870_H3
maize|10v1|DR811947_P1
1730
3734
606
87.3
globlastp


LNU870_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G07390_P1
1731
3735
606
83.6
globlastp


LNU870_H7
rice|11v1|GFXAC107207X23_P1
1732
3736
606
80.8
globlastp


LNU871_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA073953
1733
3737
607
97.59
glotblastn


LNU871_H2
maize|10v1|H35900_P1
1734
3738
607
97
globlastp


LNU871_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI035239M_P1
1735
3739
607
92.2
globlastp


LNU871_H4
millet|10v1|EVO454PM012409_P1
1736
3740
607
90.8
globlastp


LNU871_H5
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G38220_P1
1737
3741
607
88.8
globlastp


LNU871_H6
switchgrass|gb167|DN150454
1738
3742
607
88.2
globlastp


LNU871_H10
switchgrass|12v1|DN150454_P1
1739
3743
607
88
globlastp


LNU871_H7
wheat|12v3|CA663733
1740
3744
607
84.8
globlastp


LNU871_H8
wheat|12v3|BQ240433
1741
3745
607
84.6
globlastp


LNU871_H9
rye|12v1|DRR001012.137460
1742
3746
607
84.34
glotblastn


LNU872_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA074015
1743
3747
608
99
globlastp


LNU872_H2
wheat|12v3|CA486412
1744
3748
608
99
globlastp


LNU872_H3
maize|10v1|T70637_P1
1745
3749
608
96.7
globlastp


LNU872_H4
maize|10v1|AI714486_P1
1746
3750
608
95.7
globlastp


LNU872_H5
switchgrass|gb167|FL766492
1747
3751
608
94.4
globlastp


LNU872_H6
cenchrus|gb166|BM083980_P1
1748
3752
608
93.9
globlastp


LNU872_H7
millet|10v1|CD724561_P1
1749
3753
608
93.9
globlastp


LNU872_H8
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI037482M_P1
1750
3754
608
92.9
globlastp


LNU872_H9
switchgrass|gb167|FE626012
1751
3755
608
91.6
globlastp


LNU872_H10
oat|11v1|GO591754_P1
1752
3756
608
88.7
globlastp


LNU872_H11
rye|12v1|DRR001012.107218XX1
1753
3757
608
88.7
globlastp


LNU872_H12
rye|12v1|DRR001012.112003
1754
3757
608
88.7
globlastp


LNU872_H13
cynodon|10v1|ES292020_P1
1755
3758
608
88.6
globlastp


LNU872_H14
rice|11v1|BI806552
1756
3759
608
88.3
globlastp


LNU872_H15
barley|12v1|BE412496_P1
1757
3760
608
87.8
globlastp


LNU872_H16
wheat|12v3|BE430362
1758
3761
608
87.8
globlastp


LNU872_H17
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF346564
1759
3762
608
87.3
globlastp


LNU872_H18
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G11830_P1
1760
3763
608
87.1
globlastp


LNU872_H19
lovegrass|gb167|EH183935_T1
1761
3764
608
85.51
glotblastn


LNU873_H1
maize|10v1|CD969989_P1
1762
3765
609
88.7
globlastp


LNU873_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI038649M_P1
1763
3766
609
83.1
globlastp


LNU873_H4
switchgrass|12v1|FL842367_T1
1764
3767
609
82.55
glotblastn


LNU873_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FL842366_P1
1765
3768
609
82.1
globlastp


LNU873_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|SIPRD087917_T1
1766
3769
609
81.03
glotblastn


LNU874_H1
maize|10v1|AW308694_P1
1767
3770
610
97
globlastp


LNU874_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI033940M_P1
1768
3771
610
93.6
globlastp


LNU874_H3
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G15377_P1
1769
3772
610
88.1
globlastp


LNU874_H4
wheat|12v3|BM137286
1770
3773
610
87.6
globlastp


LNU874_H5
rice|11v1|BI797720
1771
3774
610
86.3
globlastp


LNU874_H6
wheat|12v3|SRR043326X71705D1
1772
3775
610
80.7
globlastp


LNU875_H1
maize|10v1|AI600310_P1
1773
3776
611
96.3
globlastp


LNU875_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI034375M_P1
1774
3777
611
92.2
globlastp


LNU875_H9
switchgrass|12v1|FL692975_P1
1775
3778
611
91.7
globlastp


LNU875_H3
rice|11v1|GFXAC025296X19
1776
3779
611
86.9
globlastp


LNU875_H4
rye|12v1|DRR001012.181409
1777
3780
611
86.3
globlastp


LNU875_H5
wheat|12v3|CA609528
1778
3781
611
86.2
globlastp


LNU875_H6
wheat|12v3|CJ953973
1779
3782
611
86.2
globlastp


LNU875_H7
wheat|12v3|BE417057
1780
3783
611
85.8
globlastp


LNU875_H8
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G30830_P1
1781
3784
611
84.5
globlastp


LNU878_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI038002M_P1
1782
3785
613
96.2
globlastp


LNU878_H2
maize|10v1|BE511455_P1
1783
3786
613
95.5
globlastp


LNU878_H16
switchgrass|12v1|DN141295_P1
1784
3787
613
94.7
globlastp


LNU878_H3
maize|10v1|AI947516_P1
1785
3788
613
94.7
globlastp


LNU878_H4
millet|10v1|EVO454PM069646_P1
1786
3789
613
94.7
globlastp


LNU878_H5
switchgrass|gb167|DN141295
1787
3787
613
94.7
globlastp


LNU878_H6
sugarcane|10v1|CA084602
1788
3790
613
94
globlastp


LNU878_H7
switchgrass|gb167|FE658531
1789
3791
613
94
globlastp


LNU878_H8
cenchrus|gb166|EB665787_T1
1790
3792
613
90.98
glotblastn


LNU878_H9
rice|11v1|BE040893
1791
3793
613
84.4
globlastp


LNU878_H10
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF366886
1792
3794
613
82.2
globlastp


LNU878_H11
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G62860_P1
1793
3795
613
81.6
globlastp


LNU878_H12
barley|12v1|BE455249_P1
1794
3796
613
80.9
globlastp


LNU878_H13
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF349713
1795
3797
613
80.9
globlastp


LNU878_H14
rye|12v1|BE636984
1796
3798
613
80.7
globlastp


LNU878_H15
wheat|12v3|CA655678
1797
3799
613
80.7
globlastp


LNU879_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA|12170
1798
3800
614
96.8
globlastp


LNU879_H2
maize|10v1|BG517175_P1
1799
3801
614
95.5
globlastp


LNU879_H3
cynodon|10v1|ES301377_P1
1800
3802
614
89
globlastp


LNU879_H4
wheat|12v3|BE426554
1801
3803
614
84
globlastp


LNU879_H8
switchgrass|12v1|HO253185_T1
1802
3804
614
83.18
glotblastn


LNU879_H5
rice|11v1|BI306445
1803
3805
614
83
globlastp


LNU879_H6
barley|12v1|BJ454262_P1
1804
3806
614
82.2
globlastp


LNU879_H7
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G67110_P1
1805
3807
614
81.7
globlastp


LNU880_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA065186
1806
3808
615
96.5
globlastp


LNU880_H2
maize|10v1|AI600362_P1
1807
3809
615
95.1
globlastp


LNU880_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI035863M_P1
1808
3810
615
94.3
globlastp


LNU880_H10
switchgrass|12v1|FE601297_P1
1809
3811
615
93.6
globlastp


LNU880_H4
switchgrass|gb167|FE601297
1810
3812
615
92.9
globlastp


LNU880_H11
switchgrass|12v1|FL761681_P1
1811
3813
615
91.7
globlastp


LNU880_H5
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G74650_P1
1812
3814
615
82.6
globlastp


LNU880_H6
rice|11v1|BM037902
1813
3815
615
82.6
globlastp


LNU880_H7
wheat|12v3|BF483896
1814
3816
615
81.9
globlastp


LNU880_H8
rye|12v1|DRR001012.109304
1815
3817
615
81.4
globlastp


LNU880_H9
rye|12v1|DRR001012.101331
1816
3818
615
81.2
globlastp


LNU881_H1
maize|10v1|AI622122_P1
1817
3819
616
88.2
globlastp


LNU881_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI034179M_P1
1818
3820
616
83
globlastp


LNU881_H3
switchgrass|12v1|FE597492_P1
1819
3821
616
80.5
globlastp


LNU882_H1
maize|10v1|BM072852_P1
1820
3822
617
93.7
globlastp


LNU882_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC612475_P1
1821
3823
617
91.9
globlastp


LNU882_H3
millet|10v1|EVO454PM047888_P1
1822
3824
617
91.5
globlastp


LNU882_H4
rice|11v1|BI796737
1823
3825
617
89.4
globlastp


LNU882_H5
barley|12v1|BF064865_P1
1824
3826
617
88.1
globlastp


LNU882_H6
rye|12v1|DRR001012.119640
1825
3827
617
87.6
globlastp


LNU882_H7
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G76280_P1
1826
3828
617
86.5
globlastp


LNU883_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI034726M_P1
1827
3829
618
95.2
globlastp


LNU883_H2
maize|10v1|CO529769_P1
1828
3830
618
94.7
globlastp


LNU883_H3
rice|11v1|BI803402
1829
3831
618
91
globlastp


LNU883_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G76640_T1
1830
3832
618
84.29
glotblastn


LNU883_H5
wheat|12v3|CJ904265
1831
3833
618
82.1
globlastp


LNU884_H1
maize|10v1|AI666123_P1
1832
3834
619
91.8
globlastp


LNU884_H4
switchgrass|12v1|FL810399_P1
1833
3835
619
87.6
globlastp


LNU884_H2
switchgrass|gb167|FL692715
1834
3836
619
87.6
globlastp


LNU884_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FL692715_P1
1835
3837
619
86.6
globlastp


LNU884_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC613926_P1
1836
3838
619
85.9
globlastp


LNU885_H1
maize|10v1|AA979999_P1
1837
3839
620
98.9
globlastp


LNU885_H2
maize|10v1|AI932058_P1
1838
3840
620
98.3
globlastp


LNU885_H3
switchgrass|gb167|FE598943
1839
3841
620
98.1
globlastp


LNU885_H156
switchgrass|12v1|FE598943_P1
1840
3842
620
97.9
globlastp


LNU885_H4
cenchrus|gb166|EB653919_P1
1841
3843
620
97.9
globlastp


LNU885_H5
sorghum|12v1|SB10G022220
1842
3844
620
97.9
globlastp


LNU885_H6
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI006215M_P1
1843
3845
620
97.8
globlastp


LNU885_H157
switchgrass|12v1|FE604237_P1
1844
3846
620
97.6
globlastp


LNU885_H7
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI029447M_P1
1845
3847
620
97.6
globlastp


LNU885_H8
millet|10v1|EVO454PM002715_P1
1846
3848
620
97.6
globlastp


LNU885_H158
switchgrass|12v1|FE617027_P1
1847
3849
620
97.2
globlastp


LNU885_H9
switchgrass|gb167|FE617027
1848
3849
620
97.2
globlastp


LNU885_H10
rice|11v1|AA753506
1849
3850
620
95.7
globlastp


LNU885_H11
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G37790_P1
1850
3851
620
94.6
globlastp


LNU885_H12
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G33860_P1
1851
3852
620
93.1
globlastp


LNU885_H159
switchgrass|12v1|FE603637_P1
1852
3853
620
92.3
globlastp


LNU885_H13
strawberry|11v1|CO381502
1853
3854
620
92.3
globlastp


LNU885_H14
oat|11v1|CN815217_P1
1854
3855
620
92.1
globlastp


LNU885_H15
potato|10v1|BG593674_P1
1855
3856
620
92.1
globlastp


LNU885_H16
tomato|11v1|BG129608
1856
3857
620
92.1
globlastp


LNU885_H17
liriodendron|gb166|CK755344_P1
1857
3858
620
92
globlastp


LNU885_H18
oat|11v1|CN817660_P1
1858
3859
620
92
globlastp


LNU885_H19
oil_palm|11v1|EL684287_P1
1859
3860
620
92
globlastp


LNU885_H20
tobacco|gb162|BQ842866
1860
3861
620
92
globlastp


LNU885_H21
watermelon|11v1|X85013
1861
3862
620
92
globlastp


LNU885_H160
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EB446376_P1
1862
3863
620
91.8
globlastp


LNU885_H22
cucumber|09v1|X85013_P1
1863
3864
620
91.8
globlastp


LNU885_H23
rye|12v1|BG264101
1864
3865
620
91.8
globlastp


LNU885_H24
rye|12v1|DRR001012.133776
1865
3865
620
91.8
globlastp


LNU885_H25
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG129608
1866
3866
620
91.6
globlastp


LNU885_H26
wheat|12v3|BE404507
1867
3867
620
91.6
globlastp


LNU885_H27
wheat|12v3|BE406710
1868
3867
620
91.6
globlastp


LNU885_H161
prunus_mume|13v1|BU044204_P1
1869
3868
620
91.4
globlastp


LNU885_H28
aristolochia|10v1|SRR039082S0002361_T1
1870
3869
620
91.4
glotblastn


LNU885_H29
eucalyptus|11v2|CD669053_P1
1871
3870
620
91.4
globlastp


LNU885_H30
oil_palm|11v1|EL681083_P1
1872
3871
620
91.4
globlastp


LNU885_H31
peanut|10v1|EE126045_P1
1873
3872
620
91.4
globlastp


LNU885_H32
phalaenopsis|11v1|CB032203XX1_P1
1874
3873
620
91.4
globlastp


LNU885_H162
monkeyflower|12v1|DV206835_P1
1875
3874
620
91.2
globlastp


LNU885_H33
amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X173078_P1
1876
3875
620
91.2
globlastp


LNU885_H34
catharanthus|11v1|SRR098691X112848_P1
1877
3876
620
91.2
globlastp


LNU885_H35
flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.103924_P1
1878
3877
620
91.2
globlastp


LNU885_H36
flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.114493_P1
1879
3877
620
91.2
globlastp


LNU885_H37
monkeyflower|10v1|DV206835
1880
3874
620
91.2
globlastp


LNU885_H38
oak|10v1|DN950673_P1
1881
3878
620
91.2
globlastp


LNU885_H39
plantago|11v2|SRR066373X102202_P1
1882
3879
620
91.2
globlastp


LNU885_H40
wheat|12v3|BE403876
1883
3880
620
91.2
globlastp


LNU885_H41
banana|12v1|BBS440T3_P1
1884
3881
620
91
globlastp


LNU885_H42
cacao|10v1|CA796831_P1
1885
3882
620
91
globlastp


LNU885_H43
cassava|09v1|CK643413_P1
1886
3883
620
91
globlastp


LNU885_H44
chestnut|gb170|SRR006295S0006601_P1
1887
3884
620
91
globlastp


LNU885_H45
cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.128271_P1
1888
3885
620
91
globlastp


LNU885_H46
lettuce|12v1|DW044389_P1
1889
3886
620
91
globlastp


LNU885_H47
prunus|10v1|BU044204
1890
3887
620
91
globlastp


LNU885_H48
switchgrass|gb167|FE604237
1891
3888
620
91
globlastp


LNU885_H163
castorbean|12v1|T15265_P1
1892
3889
620
90.8
globlastp


LNU885_H49
artemisia|10v1|EY033790_P1
1893
3890
620
90.8
globlastp


LNU885_H50
cassava|09v1|CK647990_P1
1894
3891
620
90.8
globlastp


LNU885_H51
castorbean|11v1|T15265
1895
3889
620
90.8
globlastp


LNU885_H52
euphorbia|11v1|AW990924_P1
1896
3892
620
90.8
globlastp


LNU885_H53
flaveria|11v1|SRR149232.246685_P1
1897
3893
620
90.8
globlastp


LNU885_H54
gossypium_raimondii|12v1|DT557120_P1
1898
3894
620
90.8
globlastp


LNU885_H55
grape|11v1|BM437210_P1
1899
3895
620
90.8
globlastp


LNU885_H56
soybean|11v1|GLYMA11G37630
1900
3896
620
90.8
globlastp


LNU885_H56
soybean|12v1|GLYMA11G37630_P1
1901
3896
620
90.8
globlastp


LNU885_H164
olea|13v1|SRR014463X51856D1_P1
1902
3897
620
90.7
globlastp


LNU885_H57
apple|11v1|CN490098_P1
1903
3898
620
90.7
globlastp


LNU885_H58
clementine|11v1|CF417075_P1
1904
3899
620
90.7
globlastp


LNU885_H59
cotton|11v1|AI054652_P1
1905
3900
620
90.7
globlastp


LNU885_H60
orange|11v1|CF417075_P1
1906
3899
620
90.7
globlastp


LNU885_H61
soybean|11v1|GLYMA18G01580
1907
3901
620
90.7
globlastp


LNU885_H61
soybean|12v1|GLYMA18G01580_P1
1908
3901
620
90.7
globlastp


LNU885_H62
amborella|12v3|FD432979_P1
1909
3902
620
90.5
globlastp


LNU885_H63
amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X101304_P1
1910
3903
620
90.5
globlastp


LNU885_H64
apple|11v1|CN489384_P1
1911
3904
620
90.5
globlastp


LNU885_H65
aquilegia|10v2|DR937313_P1
1912
3905
620
90.5
globlastp


LNU885_H66
centaurea|gb166|EH713231_P1
1913
3906
620
90.5
globlastp


LNU885_H67
cichorium|gb171|EH673881_P1
1914
3907
620
90.5
globlastp


LNU885_H68
cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.1001022_P1
1915
3906
620
90.5
globlastp


LNU885_H69
cowpea|12v1|FF387653_P1
1916
3908
620
90.5
globlastp


LNU885_H70
eschscholzia|11v1|CD476599_P1
1917
3909
620
90.5
globlastp


LNU885_H71
eschscholzia|11v1|CD478545_P1
1918
3910
620
90.5
globlastp


LNU885_H72
pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X107320_P1
1919
3911
620
90.5
globlastp


LNU885_H73
rye|12v1|DRR001012.135185
1920
3912
620
90.5
globlastp


LNU885_H74
triphysaria|10v1|DR174094
1921
3913
620
90.5
globlastp


LNU885_H165
monkeyflower|12v1|DV209559_P1
1922
3914
620
90.3
globlastp


LNU885_H75
ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.112544_P1
1923
3915
620
90.3
globlastp


LNU885_H76
ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.130001_P1
1924
3916
620
90.3
globlastp


LNU885_H77
arnica|11v1|SRR099034X108499_P1
1925
3917
620
90.3
globlastp


LNU885_H78
banana|12v1|FF558852_P1
1926
3918
620
90.3
globlastp


LNU885_H79
blueberry|12v1|CV090498_P1
1927
3919
620
90.3
globlastp


LNU885_H80
monkeyflower|10v1|DV209559
1928
3914
620
90.3
globlastp


LNU885_H81
trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X112617
1929
3920
620
90.3
globlastp


LNU885_H82
triphysaria|10v1|BM357149
1930
3921
620
90.3
globlastp


LNU885_H83
arnica|11v1|SRR099034X107278_T1
1931
3922
620
90.28
glotblastn


LNU885_H84
orobanche|10v1|SRR023189S0002711_T1
1932
3923
620
90.28
glotblastn


LNU885_H85
ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.225484_P1
1933
3924
620
90.1
globlastp


LNU885_H86
euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X106031_P1
1934
3925
620
90.1
globlastp


LNU885_H87
gossypium_raimondii|12v1|AI725994_P1
1935
3926
620
90.1
globlastp


LNU885_H88
medicago|12v1|AW256519_P1
1936
3927
620
90.1
globlastp


LNU885_H89
spruce|11v1|EF678303
1937
3928
620
90.1
globlastp


LNU885_H90
spruce|11v1|ES226997
1938
3929
620
90.1
globlastp


LNU885_H91
spruce|11v1|EX358693
1939
3930
620
90.1
globlastp


LNU885_H166
bean|12v2|CA898352_P1
1940
3931
620
89.9
globlastp


LNU885_H92
bean|12v1|CA898352
1941
3931
620
89.9
globlastp


LNU885_H93
beech|11v1|SRR006293.13457_P1
1942
3932
620
89.9
globlastp


LNU885_H94
chelidonium|11v1|SRR084752X103249_P1
1943
3933
620
89.9
globlastp


LNU885_H95
cotton|11v1|AI725994_P1
1944
3934
620
89.9
globlastp


LNU885_H96
lettuce|12v1|DW066578_P1
1945
3935
620
89.9
globlastp


LNU885_H97
poppy|11v1|SRR030259.334416_P1
1946
3936
620
89.9
globlastp


LNU885_H98
tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X103558
1947
3937
620
89.9
globlastp


LNU885_H167
chickpea|13v2|ES560343_P1
1948
3938
620
89.7
globlastp


LNU885_H99
abies|11v2|SRR098676X100633_P1
1949
3939
620
89.7
globlastp


LNU885_H100
grape|11v1|GSVIVT01000590001_P1
1950
3940
620
89.7
globlastp


LNU885_H101
pine|10v2|AW011601_P1
1951
3941
620
89.7
globlastp


LNU885_H102
pseudotsuga|10v1|SRR065119S0006094
1952
3942
620
89.7
globlastp


LNU885_H103
safflower|gb162|EL375744
1953
3943
620
89.7
globlastp


LNU885_H104
sunflower|12v1|CD851729
1954
3944
620
89.7
globlastp


LNU885_H105
vinca|11v1|SRR098690X103497
1955
3945
620
89.7
globlastp


LNU885_H106
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBE920118
1956
3946
620
89.6
globlastp


LNU885_H107
maritime_pine|10v1|BX251751_P1
1957
3947
620
89.5
globlastp


LNU885_H108
poppy|11v1|FE964991_P1
1958
3948
620
89.5
globlastp


LNU885_H109
radish|gb164|EV546967
1959
3949
620
89.5
globlastp


LNU885_H110
valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X104384
1960
3950
620
89.5
globlastp


LNU885_H111
cirsium|11v1|SRR346952.209008_P1
1961
3951
620
89.4
globlastp


LNU885_H112
b_rapa|11v1|CD827580_P1
1962
3952
620
89.3
globlastp


LNU885_H113
canola|11v1|CN735656_P1
1963
3953
620
89.3
globlastp


LNU885_H114
canola|11v1|DY011412_P1
1964
3954
620
89.3
globlastp


LNU885_H115
canola|11v1|EE444048_P1
1965
3955
620
89.3
globlastp


LNU885_H116
poplar|10v1|AI162097
1966
3956
620
89.3
globlastp


LNU885_H116
poplar|13v1|AI162097_P1
1967
3956
620
89.3
globlastp


LNU885_H117
thellungiella_halophilum|11v1|DN774318
1968
3957
620
89.3
globlastp


LNU885_H118
vinca|11v1|SRR098690X104249
1969
3958
620
89.3
globlastp


LNU885_H119
b_juncea|12v1|E6ANDIZ01AULG5_P1
1970
3959
620
89.2
globlastp


LNU885_H120
b_rapa|11v1|CD815423_P1
1971
3960
620
89.2
globlastp


LNU885_H121
canola|11v1|DY006806_P1
1972
3961
620
89.2
globlastp


LNU885_H122
radish|gb164|EW731499
1973
3962
620
89.2
globlastp


LNU885_H123
tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X100123
1974
3963
620
89.2
globlastp


LNU885_H124
tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X106478
1975
3964
620
89.2
globlastp


LNU885_H125
ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.160786_T1
1976
3965
620
89.16
glotblastn


LNU885_H126
arabidopsis_lyrata|09v1|JGIAL002814_P1
1977
3966
620
89
globlastp


LNU885_H127
b_rapa|11v1|CX188616_P1
1978
3967
620
89
globlastp


LNU885_H128
canola|11v1|EE459861_T1
1979
3968
620
88.97
glotblastn


LNU885_H129
centaurea|gb166|EL934279_T1
1980
3969
620
88.97
glotblastn


LNU885_H130
zostera|10v1|AM769778
1981
3970
620
88.97
glotblastn


LNU885_H131
arabidopsis|10v1|AT1G24510_P1
1982
3971
620
88.8
globlastp


LNU885_H132
poplar|10v1|BU831685
1983
3972
620
88.8
globlastp


LNU885_H132
poplar|13v1|BU824523_P1
1984
3972
620
88.8
globlastp


LNU885_H133
sequoia|10v1|SRR065044S0007458
1985
3973
620
88.8
globlastp


LNU885_H134
thellungiella_parvulum|11v1|DN774318
1986
3974
620
88.8
globlastp


LNU885_H135
cephalotaxus|11v1|SRR064395X110135_P1
1987
3975
620
88.6
globlastp


LNU885_H136
aquilegia|10v2|DR928892_P1
1988
3976
620
88.2
globlastp


LNU885_H137
podocarpus|10v1|SRR065014S0010290_P1
1989
3977
620
88.2
globlastp


LNU885_H138
sciadopitys|10v1|SRR065035S0017103
1990
3978
620
88.2
globlastp


LNU885_H139
barley|12v1|BQ762736_T1
1991
3979
620
88.1
glotblastn


LNU885_H140
pteridium|11v1|SRR043594X100385
1992
3980
620
88.04
glotblastn


LNU885_H141
beet|12v1|BI543248_P1
1993
3981
620
88
globlastp


LNU885_H142
gnetum|10v1|DN954800_T1
1994
3982
620
87.85
glotblastn


LNU885_H143
nasturtium|11v1|SRR032558.163106_P1
1995
3983
620
87.3
globlastp


LNU885_H144
physcomitrella|10v1|AW145268_P1
1996
3984
620
87.3
globlastp


LNU885_H145
onion|12v1|SRR073446X113522D1_P1
1997
3985
620
86.9
globlastp


LNU885_H168
zostera|12v1|SRR057351X10529D1_P1
1998
3986
620
86.7
globlastp


LNU885_H146
zostera|10v1|SRR057351S0000962
1999
3986
620
86.7
globlastp


LNU885_H147
spikemoss|gb165|FE443744
2000
3987
620
86.6
globlastp


LNU885_H148
silene|11v1|SRR096785X166572
2001
3988
620
86.5
globlastp


LNU885_H149
ceratodon|10v1|SRR074890S0022653_P1
2002
3989
620
86
globlastp


LNU885_H150
vinca|11v1|SRR098690X104840
2003
3990
620
85.6
globlastp


LNU885_H151
distylium|11v1|SRR065077X10363_T1
2004
3991
620
85.42
glotblastn


LNU885_H169
olea|13v1|SRR014463X11934D1_T1
2005
3992
620
85.23
glotblastn


LNU885_H152
flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.10823_P1
2006
3993
620
84.7
globlastp


LNU885_H153
taxus|10v1|SRR032523S0062074
2007
3994
620
84.1
globlastp


LNU885_H154
switchgrass|gb167|DN151949
2008
3995
620
83.9
globlastp


LNU885_H155
spikemoss|gb165|FE436590
2009
3996
620
83.6
globlastp


LNU885_H170
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP752014_P1
2010
3997
620
82.1
globlastp


LNU887_H1
maize|10v1|BG319820_P1
2011
3998
622
90.6
globlastp


LNU887_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC612301_P1
2012
3999
622
84.6
globlastp


LNU887_H4
switchgrass|12v1|FL748385_P1
2013
4000
622
82.5
globlastp


LNU887_H3
switchgrass|gb167|FL748385
2014
4001
622
81.4
glotblastn


LNU887_H5
switchgrass|12v1|GD046086_P1
2015
4002
622
80.7
globlastp


LNU888_H1
wheat|12v3|CD491419
2016
623
623
100
globlastp


LNU888_H2
sugarcane|10v1|CA111963
2017
4003
623
92.3
globlastp


LNU888_H6
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187765.216058_P1
2018
4004
623
91.3
globlastp


LNU888_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC613111_P1
2019
4005
623
91.3
globlastp


LNU888_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI032010M_P1
2020
4006
623
91.3
globlastp


LNU888_H5
maize|10v1|BM379136_P1
2021
4007
623
91.3
globlastp


LNU888_H7
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187769.1154845_P1
2022
4008
623
89.4
globlastp


LNU888_H8
switchgrass|12v1|DN149585_T1
2023
4009
623
84.62
glotblastn


LNU889_H1
maize|10v1|AI966901_P1
2024
4010
624
87.1
globlastp


LNU889_H3
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187768.382752_P1
2025
4011
624
82
globlastp


LNU889_H4
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187766.665224_P1
2026
4012
624
80.9
globlastp


LNU889_H2
switchgrass|gb167|FE616994
2027
4013
624
80.9
globlastp


LNU892_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB02G033220
2028
4014
626
95.7
globlastp


LNU892_H2
maize|10v1|AI619171_P1
2029
4015
626
92.7
globlastp


LNU892_H3
sorghum|12v1|SB02G033200
2030
4016
626
90.4
globlastp


LNU892_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI029552M_P1
2031
4017
626
86.5
globlastp


LNU892_H7
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187765.29978_P1
2032
4018
626
86.1
globlastp


LNU892_H8
switchgrass|12v1|GD022360_P1
2033
4019
626
85.5
globlastp


LNU892_H5
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI029584M_P1
2034
4020
626
85.3
globlastp


LNU892_H6
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI029578M_P1
2035
4021
626
81.8
globlastp


LNU893_H13
switchgrass|12v1|FL793626_P1
2036
4022
627
98.6
globlastp


LNU893_H14
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187771.339181_P1
2037
4022
627
98.6
globlastp


LNU893_H1
switchgrass|gb167|FL793626
2038
4022
627
98.6
globlastp


LNU893_H2
barley|12v1|AW982181_P1
2039
4023
627
97.3
globlastp


LNU893_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI031280M_P1
2040
4024
627
97.3
globlastp


LNU893_H4
maize|10v1|BG517269_P1
2041
4025
627
97.3
globlastp


LNU893_H5
millet|10v1|EVO454PM670348_P1
2042
4024
627
97.3
globlastp


LNU893_H6
rye|12v1|BE495982
2043
4023
627
97.3
globlastp


LNU893_H7
wheat|12v3|CA728398
2044
4023
627
97.3
globlastp


LNU893_H8
fescue|gb161|DT686545_P1
2045
4026
627
95.9
globlastp


LNU893_H9
lolium|10v1|AU246324_P1
2046
4026
627
95.9
globlastp


LNU893_H10
rice|11v1|CF330515
2047
4027
627
94.7
globlastp


LNU893_H11
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G24640_P1
2048
4028
627
90.7
globlastp


LNU893_H12
oil_palm|11v1|SRR190701.565537_P1
2049
4029
627
82.4
globlastp


LNU894_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB02G039433
2050
4030
628
93.5
globlastp


LNU894_H2
wheat|12v3|CA502683
2051
4030
628
93.5
globlastp


LNU894_H3
sugarcane|10v1|CA147729
2052
4031
628
86.9
globlastp


LNU895_H1
maize|10v1|AW244938_P1
2053
4032
629
91.2
globlastp


LNU895_H2
switchgrass|gb167|FE641349
2054
4033
629
85.3
globlastp


LNU895_H4
switchgrass|12v1|FE641349_P1
2055
4034
629
84.3
globlastp


LNU895_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI031608M_P1
2056
4035
629
82.4
globlastp


LNU896_H1
maize|10v1|AW497539_P1
2057
4036
630
81.1
globlastp


LNU899_H1
maize|10v1|AW288640_P1
2058
4037
633
91.6
globlastp


LNU899_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI000435M_P1
2059
4038
633
87.3
globlastp


LNU899_H3
switchgrass|gb167|FL704161
2060
4039
633
86.64
glotblastn


LNU899_H4
switchgrass|12v1|FL748364_P1
2061
4040
633
84.4
globlastp


LNU899_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FL704161_P1
2062
4041
633
80.8
globlastp


LNU900_H1
maize|10v1|AW052900_P1
2063
4042
634
93.6
globlastp


LNU900_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI002469M_P1
2064
4043
634
90.3
globlastp


LNU900_H8
switchgrass|12v1|FL696960_P1
2065
4044
634
89.5
globlastp


LNU900_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.183573
2066
4045
634
88.24
glotblastn


LNU900_H4
barley|12v1|AJ466045_P1
2067
4046
634
87.5
globlastp


LNU900_H5
wheat|12v3|CA743258
2068
4047
634
87.5
globlastp


LNU900_H6
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G06440_P1
2069
4048
634
86.7
globlastp


LNU901_H1
maize|10v1|AI964628_P1
2070
4049
635
90.1
globlastp


LNU901_H10
switchgrass|12v1|FE638167_T1
2071
4050
635
83.6
glotblastn


LNU902_H1
maize|10v1|AI622490_P1
2072
4051
636
93.4
globlastp


LNU902_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI002453M_P1
2073
4052
636
88.6
globlastp


LNU902_H3
millet|10v1|EVO454PM024444_T1
2074
4053
636
86.16
glotblastn


LNU902_H4
switchgrass|gb167|DN140927
2075
4054
636
84.08
glotblastn


LNU902_H5
switchgrass|12v1|GD033452_T1
2076
4055
636
83.74
glotblastn


LNU903_H1
maize|10v1|AI979716_P1
2077
4056
637
92.3
globlastp


LNU903_H2
maize|10v1|AW216295_P1
2078
4057
637
91.1
globlastp


LNU903_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC612307_P1
2079
4058
637
89.9
globlastp


LNU903_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FL699073_P1
2080
4059
637
88.1
globlastp


LNU903_H4
switchgrass|gb167|DN150122
2081
4060
637
87.9
globlastp


LNU904_H1
maize|10v1|AI947568_P1
2082
4061
638
83.1
globlastp


LNU905_H1
maize|10v1|AW052874_P1
2083
4062
639
88.4
globlastp


LNU908_H5
switchgrass|12v1|HO266689_P1
2084
4063
642
88.7
globlastp


LNU908_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI005411M_P1
2085
4064
642
88.6
globlastp


LNU908_H6
switchgrass|12v1|FL973257_P1
2086
4065
642
88.1
globlastp


LNU908_H7
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187765.276211_P1
2087
4065
642
88.1
globlastp


LNU908_H2
maize|10v1|DT641006_P1
2088
4066
642
87.4
globlastp


LNU908_H3
rice|11v1|CK056423
2089
4067
642
83.5
globlastp


LNU908_H4
rice|11v1|HS372695
2090
4068
642
83.46
glotblastn


LNU908_H8
wheat|12v3|SRR400820X635658D1_T1
2091
4069
642
80.12
glotblastn


LNU908_H9
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G46140_P1
2092
4070
642
80.1
globlastp


LNU909_H1
maize|10v1|BQ577951_P1
2093
4071
643
92.1
globlastp


LNU910_H1
maize|10v1|BG837207_P1
2094
4072
644
90.1
globlastp


LNU910_H2
sugarcane|10v1|CA242307
2095
4073
644
89.8
globlastp


LNU910_H8
switchgrass|12v1|FL945810_P1
2096
4074
644
88.9
globlastp


LNU910_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI003477M_P1
2097
4075
644
88.9
globlastp


LNU910_H4
switchgrass|gb167|FL927878
2098
4076
644
87.88
glotblastn


LNU910_H5
millet|10v1|EVO454PM187011_P1
2099
4077
644
84.8
globlastp


LNU910_H9
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G50130_P1
2100
4078
644
83
globlastp


LNU910_H7
rice|11v1|BI795617
2101
4079
644
82
glotblastn


LNU910_H6
maize|10v1|CD946808_T1
2102
4080
644
81.63
glotblastn


LNU910_H10
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G50136_P1
2103
4081
644
80
globlastp


LNU912_H9
switchgrass|12v1|FL792538_P1
2104
4082
646
91
globlastp


LNU912_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI001740M_P1
2105
4083
646
91
globlastp


LNU912_H10
switchgrass|12v1|FL751233_P1
2106
4084
646
90.5
globlastp


LNU912_H2
millet|10v1|EVO454PM056333_P1
2107
4085
646
89.8
globlastp


LNU912_H3
maize|10v1|AI948274_P1
2108
4086
646
87.7
globlastp


LNU912_H4
rice|11v1|BM420858
2109
4087
646
84.6
globlastp


LNU912_H5
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G52680_P1
2110
4088
646
83.1
globlastp


LNU912_H6
wheat|12v3|BU099391
2111
4089
646
80.9
globlastp


LNU912_H7
wheat|12v3|BM136936
2112
4090
646
80.4
globlastp


LNU912_H8
barley|12v1|AK371517_P1
2113
4091
646
80.3
globlastp


LNU913_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA082310
2114
4092
647
97.9
globlastp


LNU913_H2
maize|10v1|W59840_P1
2115
4093
647
96.7
globlastp


LNU913_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC612650_P1
2116
4094
647
93.8
globlastp


LNU913_H11
switchgrass|12v1|FE617311_P1
2117
4095
647
92.5
globlastp


LNU913_H12
switchgrass|12v1|FE616665_P1
2118
4096
647
91.5
globlastp


LNU913_H4
millet|10v1|EVO454PM018338_P1
2119
4097
647
86.1
globlastp


LNU913_H5
switchgrass|gb167|FE616665
2120
4098
647
85.33
glotblastn


LNU913_H6
rice|11v1|BI808261
2121
4099
647
83.3
globlastp


LNU913_H7
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G54580_P1
2122
4100
647
82.4
globlastp


LNU913_H8
rye|12v1|DRR001012.116346
2123
4101
647
82.2
globlastp


LNU913_H9
wheat|12v3|BU100850
2124
4102
647
81.7
globlastp


LNU913_H10
barley|12v1|AV834883_P1
2125
4103
647
81.6
globlastp


LNU914_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB04G000570
2126
4104
648
94.5
globlastp


LNU914_H2
maize|10v1|AI665003_P1
2127
4105
648
85.6
globlastp


LNU914_H3
maize|10v1|AI372104_P1
2128
4106
648
84.4
globlastp


LNU915_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI016626M_P1
2129
4107
649
88.4
globlastp


LNU915_H3
switchgrass|12v1|FL695083_P1
2130
4108
649
87.8
globlastp


LNU915_H2
maize|10v1|BE453841_P1
2131
4109
649
86.3
globlastp


LNU916_H1
sorghum|12v1|AW284247
2132
4110
650
81.8
globlastp


LNU917_H1
sugarcane|10v1|BQ534456
2133
4111
651
96.8
globlastp


LNU917_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI017544M_P1
2134
4112
651
91.2
globlastp


LNU917_H3
maize|10v1|AI673988_P1
2135
4113
651
90.4
globlastp


LNU917_H4
switchgrass|gb167|DN142589
2136
4114
651
90.2
globlastp


LNU917_H5
millet|10v1|EVO454PM028850_P1
2137
4115
651
89.6
globlastp


LNU917_H12
switchgrass|12v1|FL813544_P1
2138
4116
651
88.1
globlastp


LNU917_H6
wheat|12v3|BE400183
2139
4117
651
85.1
globlastp


LNU917_H7
rye|12v1|DRR001012.113593
2140
4118
651
84.3
globlastp


LNU917_H8
leymus|gb166|EG375025_P1
2141
4119
651
84
globlastp


LNU917_H9
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G06290_P1
2142
4120
651
83.8
globlastp


LNU917_H10
fescue|gb161|DT701360_P1
2143
4121
651
82.4
globlastp


LNU917_H11
maize|10v1|BQ048402_P1
2144
4122
651
82.3
globlastp


LNU918_H1
maize|10v1|AJ006536_P1
2145
4123
652
85.6
globlastp


LNU918_H2
maize|10v1|EY960159_T1
2146
4124
652
83.73
glotblastn


LNU918_H3
switchgrass|gb167|DN149185
2147
4125
652
81.15
glotblastn


LNU918_H4
switchgrass|12v1|DN149185_P1
2148
4126
652
80.6
globlastp


LNU920_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CF576045
2149
4127
654
89.2
globlastp


LNU920_H2
maize|10v1|AI677118_P1
2150
4128
654
84.2
globlastp


LNU920_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FE646248_P1
2151
4129
654
81.5
globlastp


LNU920_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI018467M_P1
2152
4130
654
80.9
globlastp


LNU920_H4
switchgrass|gb167|FE646248
2153
4131
654
80.9
globlastp


LNU921_H1
maize|10v1|CA400159_P1
2154
4132
655
82
globlastp


LNU922_H16
switchgrass|12v1|DN143068_P1
2155
4133
656
96.2
globlastp


LNU922_H1
switchgrass|gb167|FE620798
2156
4134
656
96.2
globlastp


LNU922_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI017460M_P1
2157
4135
656
95.7
globlastp


LNU922_H3
maize|10v1|AI901428_P1
2158
4136
656
95.7
globlastp


LNU922_H4
switchgrass|gb167|DN143068
2159
4137
656
95.7
globlastp


LNU922_H5
millet|10v1|EVO454PM010006_P1
2160
4138
656
94.9
globlastp


LNU922_H6
maize|10v1|AA011883_P1
2161
4139
656
94.6
globlastp


LNU922_H7
rice|11v1|BI805551
2162
4140
656
92.1
globlastp


LNU922_H8
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G52340T2_P1
2163
4141
656
87
globlastp


LNU922_H9
oat|11v1|CN817149_P1
2164
4142
656
86.5
globlastp


LNU922_H10
wheat|12v3|BQ802727
2165
4143
656
86.5
globlastp


LNU922_H11
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI5G01350_P1
2166
4144
656
86.2
globlastp


LNU922_H12
barley|12v1|BE412861_P1
2167
4145
656
86
globlastp


LNU922_H13
cenchrus|gb166|EB660552_P1
2168
4146
656
86
globlastp


LNU922_H14
rye|12v1|BE586503
2169
4147
656
85.5
globlastp


LNU922_H15
rye|12v1|DRR001012.249546
2170
4148
656
80.7
globlastp


LNU923_H1
maize|10v1|BI273413_P1
2171
4149
657
81.5
globlastp


LNU924_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA070317
2172
4150
658
83.8
globlastp


LNU924_H3
switchgrass|12v1|FL935940_P1
2173
4151
658
80.9
globlastp


LNU924_H4
switchgrass|12v1|DN145033_P1
2174
4152
658
80.4
globlastp


LNU924_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|SOLX00022667_P1
2175
4153
658
80.4
globlastp


LNU925_H1
maize|10v1|FL010481_P1
2176
4154
659
94.2
globlastp


LNU925_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI016794M_P1
2177
4155
659
89.5
globlastp


LNU925_H9
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187770.1008801_P1
2178
4156
659
86
globlastp


LNU925_H10
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187769.231821_P1
2179
4157
659
85.7
globlastp


LNU925_H3
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G51590_P1
2180
4158
659
85.4
globlastp


LNU925_H4
wheat|12v3|TA12V11729457
2181
4159
659
85.31
glotblastn


LNU925_H5
barley|12v1|HV12v1CRP055339_P1
2182
4160
659
85
globlastp


LNU925_H6
rice|11v1|CX104415
2183
4161
659
81.1
globlastp


LNU925_H7
wheat|12v3|CA731766
2184
4162
659
80.2
globlastp


LNU925_H8
barley|12v1|BI777343_P1
2185
4163
659
80.1
globlastp


LNU926_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA088361
2186
4164
660
96.4
globlastp


LNU926_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI017439M_P1
2187
4165
660
94.3
globlastp


LNU926_H3
maize|10v1|BI389475_P1
2188
4166
660
93.7
globlastp


LNU926_H4
maize|10v1|BM078145_P1
2189
4167
660
93.7
globlastp


LNU926_H7
switchgrass|12v1|FL896622_P1
2190
4168
660
91.9
globlastp


LNU926_H5
millet|10v1|EVO454PM001369_P1
2191
4169
660
91.9
globlastp


LNU926_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FL736268
2192
4170
660
91.3
globlastp


LNU926_H8
switchgrass|12v1|FL736268_P1
2193
4171
660
91
globlastp


LNU928_H1
maize|10v1|AI666263_P1
2194
4172
661
96.9
globlastp


LNU928_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FL703064_P1
2195
4173
661
90.2
globlastp


LNU928_H6
switchgrass|12v1|FL827336_P1
2196
4174
661
89.9
globlastp


LNU928_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI016502M_P1
2197
4175
661
89.6
globlastp


LNU928_H3
rice|11v1|BI812770
2198
4176
661
80.26
glotblastn


LNU928_H4
rye|12v1|DRR001012.253036
2199
4177
661
80.14
glotblastn


LNU929_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB04G036770
2200
4178
662
85.4
globlastp


LNU929_H2
maize|10v1|BG836023_P1
2201
4179
662
83.4
globlastp


LNU929_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI017734M_P1
2202
4180
662
83.1
globlastp


LNU929_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FL792661_P1
2203
4181
662
82.8
globlastp


LNU929_H6
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187772.1076529_P1
2204
4182
662
82.2
globlastp


LNU929_H4
millet|10v1|EVO454PM007685_T1
2205
4183
662
80.76
glotblastn


LNU931_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA085385
2206
4184
664
95.3
globlastp


LNU931_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI026372M_P1
2207
4185
664
91.7
globlastp


LNU931_H3
maize|10v1|AW052904_P1
2208
4186
664
90.9
globlastp


LNU931_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI010145M_P1
2209
4187
664
89.7
globlastp


LNU931_H5
switchgrass|gb167|FL690712
2210
4188
664
89.51
glotblastn


LNU931_H13
switchgrass|12v1|FL690712_P1
2211
4189
664
88.8
globlastp


LNU931_H6
sorghum|12v1|SB05G000560
2212
4190
664
88.8
globlastp


LNU931_H7
sugarcane|10v1|CA183007
2213
4191
664
87.5
globlastp


LNU931_H8
sorghum|12v1|SB08G000580
2214
4192
664
87.1
globlastp


LNU931_H9
millet|10v1|CD725261_P1
2215
4193
664
86.9
globlastp


LNU931_H10
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI006320M_P1
2216
4194
664
82.6
globlastp


LNU931_H11
maize|10v1|AI795587_P1
2217
4195
664
82
globlastp


LNU931_H14
switchgrass|12v1|FE652169_P1
2218
4196
664
81.2
globlastp


LNU931_H12
switchgrass|gb167|FE652169
2219
4196
664
81.2
globlastp


LNU934_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB05G006960
2220
4197
667
97.7
globlastp


LNU934_H2
maize|10v1|AI920383_P1
2221
4198
667
91.1
globlastp


LNU934_H3
maize|10v1|AI601020_P1
2222
4199
667
90.1
globlastp


LNU934_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC612232_P1
2223
4200
667
88.5
globlastp


LNU934_H5
switchgrass|gb167|DN146252
2224
4201
667
88.1
globlastp


LNU934_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FE626199
2225
4202
667
86.5
globlastp


LNU934_H7
rice|11v1|BI801587
2226
4203
667
83.2
globlastp


LNU936_H1
maize|10v1|AW120427_P1
2227
4204
669
81.4
globlastp


LNU940_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB01G006570
2228
4205
672
92.4
globlastp


LNU940_H16
switchgrass|12v1|GD019934_P1
2229
4206
672
89.1
globlastp


LNU940_H2
maize|10v1|BM080112_P1
2230
4207
672
89.1
globlastp


LNU940_H3
switchgrass|gb167|FL987004
2231
4206
672
89.1
globlastp


LNU940_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI039636M_P1
2232
4208
672
88
globlastp


LNU940_H5
millet|10v1|EVO454PM050387_P1
2233
4209
672
88
globlastp


LNU940_H17
switchgrass|12v1|FL987004_P1
2234
4210
672
87
globlastp


LNU940_H18
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187766.558595_P1
2235
4211
672
87
globlastp


LNU940_H6
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G35010_P1
2236
4212
672
87
globlastp


LNU940_H7
rice|11v1|AU172742
2237
4213
672
85.9
globlastp


LNU940_H8
cenchrus|gb166|EB672242_P1
2238
4214
672
84.8
globlastp


LNU940_H9
barley|12v1|BG415270_P1
2239
4215
672
83.7
globlastp


LNU940_H10
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF361949
2240
4216
672
83.7
globlastp


LNU940_H11
fescue|gb161|DT690522_P1
2241
4217
672
82.6
globlastp


LNU940_H12
rye|12v1|DRR001012.205554
2242
4218
672
82.6
globlastp


LNU940_H13
rye|12v1|DRR001012.443974
2243
4218
672
82.6
globlastp


LNU940_H14
wheat|12v3|BF474839
2244
4218
672
82.6
globlastp


LNU940_H15
wheat|12v3|SRX035157S105600
2245
4219
672
80.4
globlastp


LNU941_H1
sugarcane|10v1|DV636549
2246
4220
673
82.8
globlastp


LNU942_H15
switchgrass|12v1|DN143194_P1
2247
4221
674
93
globlastp


LNU942_H16
switchgrass|12v1|FE600191_P1
2248
4222
674
93
globlastp


LNU942_H1
switchgrass|gb167|DN143194
2249
4221
674
93
globlastp


LNU942_H2
maize|10v1|AI948177_P1
2250
4223
674
92.7
globlastp


LNU942_H3
sugarcane|10v1|BU103195
2251
4224
674
92.6
globlastp


LNU942_H4
sorghum|12v1|SB04G019760
2252
4225
674
92
globlastp


LNU942_H5
maize|10v1|DV523108_P1
2253
4226
674
90.6
globlastp


LNU942_H17
switchgrass|12v1|FE600082_P1
2254
4227
674
88.6
globlastp


LNU942_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FE600082
2255
4228
674
88.3
globlastp


LNU942_H7
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI010700M_P1
2256
4229
674
87.4
globlastp


LNU942_H8
millet|10v1|PMSLX0006862D1_P1
2257
4230
674
87.3
globlastp


LNU942_H9
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI020925M_P1
2258
4231
674
85.7
globlastp


LNU942_H10
leymus|gb166|EG376656_P1
2259
4232
674
85.2
globlastp


LNU942_H11
wheat|12v3|BE516147
2260
4233
674
85.2
globlastp


LNU942_H12
rye|12v1|DRR001012.268452
2261
4234
674
84.23
glotblastn


LNU942_H13
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI5G13320_P1
2262
4235
674
84.2
globlastp


LNU942_H14
rice|11v1|BI798333
2263
4236
674
83
globlastp


LNU942_H18
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187765.620238_T1
2264
4237
674
81.76
glotblastn


LNU943_H1
maize|10v1|AW165435_P1
2265
4238
675
93.5
globlastp


LNU943_H2
maize|10v1|BU582245_P1
2266
4239
675
92.1
globlastp


LNU943_H3
sorghum|12v1|SB01G018160
2267
4240
675
91.5
globlastp


LNU943_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI022488M_P1
2268
4241
675
88.4
globlastp


LNU943_H5
switchgrass|gb167|FL700923
2269
4242
675
87.5
globlastp


LNU943_H9
switchgrass|12v1|FL946368_P1
2270
4243
675
86.7
globlastp


LNU943_H6
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI010535M_P1
2271
4244
675
86.4
globlastp


LNU943_H7
rice|11v1|CA762359
2272
4245
675
85
globlastp


LNU943_H8
rye|12v1|DRR001012.256371
2273
4246
675
80.45
glotblastn


LNU944_H1
maize|10v1|BE519358_P1
2274
4247
676
94.5
globlastp


LNU944_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI013344M_P1
2275
4248
676
90.2
globlastp


LNU944_H14
switchgrass|12v1|FE605775_P1
2276
4249
676
89.6
globlastp


LNU944_H3
switchgrass|gb167|FL691662
2277
4250
676
88.75
glotblastn


LNU944_H15
switchgrass|12v1|FL693381_P1
2278
4251
676
87.4
globlastp


LNU944_H4
rice|11v1|AU065195
2279
4252
676
85.1
globlastp


LNU944_H5
rice|11v1|AA752897
2280
4253
676
84.5
globlastp


LNU944_H6
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI5G26450_P1
2281
4254
676
83.4
globlastp


LNU944_H16
switchgrass|12v1|FL693806_P1
2282
4255
676
82.9
globlastp


LNU944_H7
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G12950_P1
2283
4256
676
82.5
globlastp


LNU944_H8
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC612109_P1
2284
4257
676
82.2
globlastp


LNU944_H9
sorghum|12v1|SB06G033190
2285
4258
676
82.1
globlastp


LNU944_H10
rye|12v1|BE588044
2286
4259
676
81.9
globlastp


LNU944_H11
barley|12v1|BE231241_P1
2287
4260
676
81.7
globlastp


LNU944_H12
wheat|12v3|BE416410
2288
4261
676
81.5
globlastp


LNU944_H13
maize|10v1|AW119989_P1
2289
4262
676
81.2
globlastp


LNU945_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA102004
2290
4263
677
95.7
globlastp


LNU945_H2
maize|10v1|CF630693_P1
2291
4264
677
92.4
globlastp


LNU945_H12
switchgrass|12v1|FE610584_P1
2292
4265
677
90.2
globlastp


LNU945_H13
switchgrass|12v1|FL736798_P1
2293
4266
677
90.2
globlastp


LNU945_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI014236M_P1
2294
4267
677
89.6
globlastp


LNU945_H4
switchgrass|gb167|FE610584
2295
4268
677
88.21
glotblastn


LNU945_H5
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G16410_P1
2296
4269
677
86.1
globlastp


LNU945_H6
wheat|12v3|BE399236
2297
4270
677
84.8
globlastp


LNU945_H7
wheat|12v3|BF483870
2298
4271
677
84.8
globlastp


LNU945_H8
rice|11v1|BI796904
2299
4272
677
84.3
globlastp


LNU945_H9
oat|11v1|GO589349_P1
2300
4273
677
83.3
globlastp


LNU945_H10
barley|12v1|AV835214_P1
2301
4274
677
83
globlastp


LNU945_H11
rye|12v1|DRR001012.115501
2302
4275
677
81.5
globlastp


LNU946_H3
switchgrass|12v1|FE622311_P1
2303
4276
678
88.1
globlastp


LNU946_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI013314M_P1
2304
4277
678
86.8
globlastp


LNU946_H4
switchgrass|12v1|FE631618_P1
2305
4278
678
86.3
globlastp


LNU946_H2
maize|10v1|CO517747_P1
2306
4279
678
85.3
globlastp


LNU947_H1
maize|10v1|AW400079_T1
2307
4280
679
80.67
glotblastn


LNU948_H1
maize|10v1|CF244014_T1
2308
4281
680
85.13
glotblastn


LNU949_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA070316
2309
4282
681
91.6
globlastp


LNU949_H2
millet|10v1|CD725957_P1
2310
4283
681
80.3
globlastp


LNU950_H1
sugarcane|10v1|CA117340
2311
4284
682
93.5
globlastp


LNU950_H2
sorghum|12v1|SB05G001050
2312
4285
682
88.5
globlastp


LNU950_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI026369M_P1
2313
4286
682
86.5
globlastp


LNU950_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC611923_P1
2314
4287
682
86.1
globlastp


LNU950_H5
switchgrass|gb167|DN142564
2315
4288
682
85.8
globlastp


LNU950_H21
switchgrass|12v1|FE601370_P1
2316
4289
682
85.6
globlastp


LNU950_H22
switchgrass|12v1|DN142564_P1
2317
4290
682
84.9
globlastp


LNU950_H6
maize|10v1|AI665950_P1
2318
4291
682
84.5
globlastp


LNU950_H7
millet|10v1|EVO454PM003253_P1
2319
4292
682
84
globlastp


LNU950_H8
millet|10v1|EVO454PM002572_P1
2320
4293
682
82.7
globlastp


LNU950_H9
rice|11v1|BI808891
2321
4294
682
82.7
glotblastn


LNU950_H10
rice|11v1|AF004947
2322
4295
682
82
globlastp


LNU950_H11
wheat|12v3|BE412095
2323
4296
682
81.3
globlastp


LNU950_H12
wheat|12v3|CA664401
2324
4297
682
81.3
globlastp


LNU950_H13
wheat|12v3|SRR043323X26334D1
2325
4297
682
81.3
globlastp


LNU950_H14
rice|11v1|AU174185
2326
4298
682
81.1
globlastp


LNU950_H15
barley|12v1|AV910430_P1
2327
4299
682
80.9
globlastp


LNU950_H16
rye|12v1|DRR001012.134503
2328
4300
682
80.9
globlastp


LNU950_H17
maize|10v1|DR804998_P1
2329
4301
682
80.7
globlastp


LNU950_H18
maize|10v1|EG041994_P1
2330
4302
682
80.7
globlastp


LNU950_H19
wheat|12v3|CA719005
2331
4303
682
80.7
globlastp


LNU950_H20
maize|10v1|CF064453_P1
2332
4304
682
80.3
globlastp


LNU953_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI021031M_P1
2333
4305
685
98.5
globlastp


LNU953_H2
maize|10v1|AI947816_P1
2334
4306
685
98
globlastp


LNU953_H3
rice|11v1|BI810241
2335
4307
685
94.8
globlastp


LNU953_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G07167_P1
2336
4308
685
93.3
globlastp


LNU953_H5
rye|12v1|BE587487
2337
4309
685
92.8
globlastp


LNU953_H6
rice|11v1|AA752560
2338
4310
685
91.8
globlastp


LNU953_H7
wheat|12v3|BE606922
2339
4311
685
89.93
glotblastn


LNU953_H8
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G15710_P1
2340
4312
685
89.8
globlastp


LNU953_H9
sorghum|12v1|SB05G022390
2341
4313
685
88.9
globlastp


LNU953_H10
oil_palm|11v1|EY408711XX1_T1
2342
4314
685
88.62
glotblastn


LNU953_H11
oil_palm|11v1|ES323990_P1
2343
4315
685
87.5
globlastp


LNU953_H12
banana|12v1|BBS995T3_P1
2344
4316
685
87.4
globlastp


LNU953_H13
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI025878M_P1
2345
4317
685
87.4
globlastp


LNU953_H14
aristolochia|10v1|FD752686_P1
2346
4318
685
87.1
globlastp


LNU953_H15
amborella|12v3|FD433166_P1
2347
4319
685
86.8
globlastp


LNU953_H16
banana|12v1|ES434911_P1
2348
4320
685
86.3
globlastp


LNU953_H18
soybean|12v1|GLYMA02G43930_P1
2349
4321
685
86.1
globlastp


LNU953_H17
pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X101829_P1
2350
4322
685
85.8
globlastp


LNU953_H18
soybean|11v1|GLYMA14G04890
2351
4323
685
85.8
globlastp


LNU953_H19
strawberry|11v1|CO379742
2352
4324
685
85.7
globlastp


LNU953_H20
lotus|09v1|GFXAP006535X8_P1
2353
4325
685
85.5
globlastp


LNU953_H21
medicago|12v1|BE204582_P1
2354
4326
685
85.5
globlastp


LNU953_H22
poppy|11v1|SRR030259.226807_T1
2355
4327
685
85.49
glotblastn


LNU953_H126
castorbean|12v1|XM_002514388_T1
2356
4328
685
85.47
glotblastn


LNU953_H24
cotton|11v1|AI725579_P1
2357
4329
685
85.4
globlastp


LNU953_H25
gossypium_raimondii|12v1|AI725579_P1
2358
4330
685
85.3
globlastp


LNU953_H26
soybean|11v1|GLYMA02G43930
2359
4331
685
85.3
globlastp


LNU953_H27
watermelon|11v1|AM738852
2360
4332
685
85.3
globlastp


LNU953_H28
prunus|10v1|BU575191
2361
4333
685
85.2
globlastp


LNU953_H127
soybean|12v1|GLYMA14G04890_P1
2362
4334
685
85.1
globlastp


LNU953_H29
trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X104042
2363
4335
685
85.1
globlastp


LNU953_H128
bean|12v2|CA899898_P1
2364
4336
685
85
globlastp


LNU953_H129
bean|12v2|CB542475_P1
2365
4337
685
85
globlastp


LNU953_H130
poplar|13v1|AI162526_P1
2366
4338
685
85
globlastp


LNU953_H30
bean|12v1|CB542475
2367
4339
685
85
globlastp


LNU953_H31
cassava|09v1|CK650982_P1
2368
4340
685
85
globlastp


LNU953_H35
poplar|13v1|AI162784_P1
2369
4341
685
85
globlastp


LNU953_H32
wheat|12v3|BE403992
2370
4342
685
84.94
glotblastn


LNU953_H33
banana|12v1|ES435104_P1
2371
4343
685
84.9
globlastp


LNU953_H34
euphorbia|11v1|BG467380_P1
2372
4344
685
84.9
globlastp


LNU953_H35
poplar|10v1|AI162784
2373
4345
685
84.9
globlastp


LNU953_H37
chickpea|13v2|GR396199_P1
2374
4346
685
84.9
globlastp


LNU953_H64
poplar|13v1|BU815471_P1
2375
4347
685
84.9
globlastp


LNU953_H36
medicago|12v1|AW684864_P1
2376
4348
685
84.8
globlastp


LNU953_H37
chickpea|11v1|GR396199
2377
4349
685
84.77
glotblastn


LNU953_H38
soybean|11v1|GLYMA20G11300
2378
4350
685
84.7
globlastp


LNU953_H39
wheat|12v3|BE606346
2379
4351
685
84.7
globlastp


LNU953_H131
poplar|13v1|BU820987_P1
2380
4352
685
84.6
globlastp


LNU953_H40
aquilegia|10v2|DR913332_P1
2381
4353
685
84.6
globlastp


LNU953_H41
flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.10069_P1
2382
4354
685
84.6
globlastp


LNU953_H42
trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X163258
2383
4355
685
84.59
glotblastn


LNU953_H43
abies|11v2|SRR098676X111217_P1
2384
4356
685
84.5
globlastp


LNU953_H44
eucalyptus|11v2|CD668448_P1
2385
4357
685
84.5
globlastp


LNU953_H45
flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.216232_P1
2386
4358
685
84.5
globlastp


LNU953_H46
grape|11v1|GSVIVT01034603001_P1
2387
4359
685
84.5
globlastp


LNU953_H47
euphorbia|11v1|DV127429_T1
2388
4360
685
84.49
glotblastn


LNU953_H48
sunflower|12v1|CX947317
2389
4361
685
84.4
globlastp


LNU953_H49
beech|11v1|SRR006293.655_T1
2390
4362
685
84.33
glotblastn


LNU953_H132
prunus_mume|13v1|BU575191_P1
2391
4363
685
84.3
globlastp


LNU953_H50
apple|11v1|CN444562_P1
2392
4364
685
84.3
globlastp


LNU953_H51
cassava|09v1|CK645234_P1
2393
4365
685
84.3
globlastp


LNU953_H52
clementine|11v1|BQ623766_P1
2394
4366
685
84.3
globlastp


LNU953_H53
pine|10v2|BF220411_P1
2395
4367
685
84.3
globlastp


LNU953_H54
clementine|11v1|CB292767_P1
2396
4368
685
84.2
globlastp


LNU953_H55
cucumber|09v1|AM731249_P1
2397
4369
685
84.2
globlastp


LNU953_H56
orange|11v1|BQ623766_P1
2398
4370
685
84.2
globlastp


LNU953_H57
aquilegia|10v2|DR925985_P1
2399
4371
685
84.1
globlastp


LNU953_H58
banana|12v1|ES431466_P1
2400
4372
685
84.1
globlastp


LNU953_H133
castorbean|12v1|XM_002524074_P1
2401
4373
685
84
globlastp


LNU953_H60
strawberry|11v1|DY674421
2402
4374
685
84
globlastp


LNU953_H61
valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X12407
2403
4375
685
84
globlastp


LNU953_H62
ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.108676_T1
2404
4376
685
83.96
glotblastn


LNU953_H63
cotton|11v1|BE052039XX1_T1
2405
4377
685
83.7
glotblastn


LNU953_H64
poplar|10v1|BU815471
2406
4378
685
83.7
globlastp


LNU953_H65
sunflower|12v1|DY931792
2407
4379
685
83.7
globlastp


LNU953_H66
vinca|11v1|SRR098690X103474
2408
4380
685
83.7
globlastp


LNU953_H134
prunus_mume|13v1|BU041590_P1
2409
4381
685
83.2
globlastp


LNU953_H67
cephalotaxus|11v1|SRR064395X106034_P1
2410
4382
685
83.2
globlastp


LNU953_H68
prunus|10v1|BU041590
2411
4383
685
83.2
globlastp


LNU953_H69
cacao|10v1|CU471848_T1
2412
4384
685
82.93
glotblastn


LNU953_H70
thellungiella_halophilum|11v1|BY808976
2413
4385
685
82.9
globlastp


LNU953_H135
prunus_mume|13v1|BU573002_P1
2414
4386
685
82.7
globlastp


LNU953_H71
cotton|11v1|DT049082_P1
2415
4387
685
82.6
globlastp


LNU953_H72
arabidopsis_lyrata|09v1|JGIAL020339_P1
2416
4388
685
82.5
globlastp


LNU953_H73
b_rapa|11v1|CX189281_P1
2417
4389
685
82.5
globlastp


LNU953_H74
canola|11v1|EE456851_T1
2418
4390
685
82.47
glotblastn


LNU953_H75
eucalyptus|11v2|CU402999_P1
2419
4391
685
82.4
globlastp


LNU953_H76
gossypium_raimondii|12v1|BF268450_P1
2420
4392
685
82.4
globlastp


LNU953_H77
vinca|11v1|SRR098690X106748
2421
4393
685
82.33
glotblastn


LNU953_H78
b_rapa|11v1|CD814501_P1
2422
4394
685
82.3
globlastp


LNU953_H79
chelidonium|11v1|SRR084752X101848_P1
2423
4395
685
82.3
globlastp


LNU953_H80
grape|11v1|GSVIVT01022498001_T1
2424
4396
685
82.27
glotblastn


LNU953_H81
b_rapa|11v1|CD818738_P1
2425
4397
685
82.2
globlastp


LNU953_H82
canola|11v1|EE553419_P1
2426
4398
685
82.2
globlastp


LNU953_H83
flaveria|11v1|SRR149229.106289_P1
2427
4399
685
82.2
globlastp


LNU953_H84
arnica|11v1|SRR099034X101325_T1
2428
4400
685
82.17
glotblastn


LNU953_H85
arabidopsis|10v1|AT5G06600_P1
2429
4401
685
82.1
globlastp


LNU953_H86
orange|11v1|CB292767_P1
2430
4402
685
82.1
globlastp


LNU953_H87
cucumber|09v1|DV737928_T1
2431
4403
685
82.05
glotblastn


LNU953_H88
prunus|10v1|BU573002
2432
4404
685
81.94
glotblastn


LNU953_H89
amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X103224_T1
2433
4405
685
81.91
glotblastn


LNU953_H90
millet|10v1|EVO454PM000321_P1
2434
4406
685
81.9
globlastp


LNU953_H91
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG123815
2435
4407
685
81.9
globlastp


LNU953_H92
apple|11v1|CN495483_T1
2436
4408
685
81.72
glotblastn


LNU953_H93
distylium|11v1|SRR065077X101856_T1
2437
4409
685
81.72
glotblastn


LNU953_H136
monkeyflower|12v1|CV519760_P1
2438
4410
685
81.7
globlastp


LNU953_H94
gossypium_raimondii|12v1|AI726752_P1
2439
4411
685
81.7
globlastp


LNU953_H95
monkeyflower|10v1|GO978886
2440
4410
685
81.7
globlastp


LNU953_H96
silene|11v1|SRR096785X10574
2441
4412
685
81.7
globlastp


LNU953_H97
tomato|11v1|BG123815
2442
4413
685
81.7
globlastp


LNU953_H98
silene|11v1|SRR096785X100325
2443
4414
685
81.69
glotblastn


LNU953_H99
poppy|11v1|SRR030259.101122_P1
2444
4415
685
81.6
globlastp


LNU953_H100
arabidopsis_lyrata|09v1|JGIAL009620_P1
2445
4416
685
81.5
globlastp


LNU953_H101
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG626752
2446
4417
685
81.5
globlastp


LNU953_H102
thellungiella_halophilum|11v1|BY815359
2447
4418
685
81.5
globlastp


LNU953_H103
poplar|10v1|BU820987
2448
4419
685
81.41
glotblastn


LNU953_H104
arabidopsis|10v1|AT3G11910_P1
2449
4420
685
81.4
globlastp


LNU953_H105
ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.136915_T1
2450
4421
685
81.34
glotblastn


LNU953_H106
tomato|11v1|AW030110
2451
4422
685
81.3
globlastp


LNU953_H107
tomato|11v1|BG626752
2452
4423
685
81.3
globlastp


LNU953_H108
valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X102728
2453
4424
685
81.21
glotblastn


LNU953_H137
olea|13v1|SRR014463X11603D1_P1
2454
4425
685
81.2
globlastp


LNU953_H109
thellungiella_parvulum|11v1|BY815359
2455
4426
685
81.2
globlastp


LNU953_H138
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|AM816011_P1
2456
4427
685
81.1
globlastp


LNU953_H110
eucalyptus|11v2|SRR001659X101826_P1
2457
4428
685
81.1
globlastp


LNU953_H111
thellungiella_parvulum|11v1|BY808976
2458
4429
685
81.1
globlastp


LNU953_H112
poppy|11v1|SRR030259.122982_P1
2459
4430
685
81
globlastp


LNU953_H113
ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.109483_T1
2460
4431
685
80.99
glotblastn


LNU953_H114
cacao|10v1|CU631250_T1
2461
4432
685
80.94
glotblastn


LNU953_H139
chickpea|13v2|GR398757_P1
2462
4433
685
80.9
globlastp


LNU953_H140
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP749195_P1
2463
4434
685
80.9
globlastp


LNU953_H115
spruce|11v1|EX356361
2464
4435
685
80.87
glotblastn


LNU953_H116
taxus|10v1|SRR032523S0002905
2465
4436
685
80.84
glotblastn


LNU953_H117
cannabis|12v1|GR221441_P1
2466
4437
685
80.8
globlastp


LNU953_H118
valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X102263
2467
4438
685
80.62
glotblastn


LNU953_H119
canola|11v1|EE446069_P1
2468
4439
685
80.5
globlastp


LNU953_H120
rice|11v1|BE230378
2469
4440
685
80.5
globlastp


LNU953_H141
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|BP748980_P1
2470
4441
685
80.4
globlastp


LNU953_H142
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EG649585_P1
2471
4442
685
80.4
globlastp


LNU953_H143
olea|13v1|SRR014463X13706D1_P1
2472
4443
685
80.4
globlastp


LNU953_H144
switchgrass|12v1|FE629023_P1
2473
4444
685
80.3
globlastp


LNU953_H145
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EB682588_T1
2474
4445
685
80.28
glotblastn


LNU953_H121
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G56780_P1
2475
4446
685
80.2
globlastp


LNU953_H122
rye|12v1|DRR001012.10357
2476
4447
685
80.2
globlastp


LNU953_H123
amorphophallus|11v2|SRR089351X111618_T1
2477
4448
685
80.14
glotblastn


LNU953_H124
pine|10v2|AW043162_P1
2478
4449
685
80.1
globlastp


LNU953_H125
pseudotsuga|10v1|SRR065119S0024421
2479
4450
685
80.05
glotblastn


LNU955_H12
switchgrass|12v1|DN142337_P1
2480
4451
687
92
globlastp


LNU955_H1
maize|10v1|CO522570_P1
2481
4452
687
91.5
globlastp


LNU955_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI021896M_P1
2482
4453
687
90.5
globlastp


LNU955_H3
switchgrass|gb167|FL785019
2483
4454
687
86.7
globlastp


LNU955_H13
switchgrass|12v1|FL785019_P1
2484
4455
687
86.3
globlastp


LNU955_H4
rice|11v1|CB665557
2485
4456
687
85.1
globlastp


LNU955_H5
oat|11v1|GR314727_P1
2486
4457
687
84.3
globlastp


LNU955_H14
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187771.727771_T1
2487
4458
687
83.85
glotblastn


LNU955_H6
wheat|12v3|CA625652
2488
4459
687
83.8
globlastp


LNU955_H7
barley|12v1|BQ659274_P1
2489
4460
687
83.2
globlastp


LNU955_H8
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G06410_P1
2490
4461
687
83
globlastp


LNU955_H9
rye|12v1|DRR001012.117807
2491
4462
687
82.8
globlastp


LNU955_H10
millet|10v1|PMSLX0023357D2_P1
2492
4463
687
81.8
globlastp


LNU955_H15
switchgrass|12v1|FL853651_P1
2493
4464
687
81.7
globlastp


LNU955_H11
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI021894M_P1
2494
4465
687
81.1
globlastp


LNU955_H16
switchgrass|12v1|FL758990_P1
2495
4466
687
80.4
globlastp


LNU957_H1
maize|10v1|BI388870_P1
2496
4467
689
85.6
globlastp


LNU957_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC613819_T1
2497
4468
689
82.08
glotblastn


LNU958_H1
maize|10v1|DR801342_P1
2498
4469
690
91
globlastp


LNU958_H8
switchgrass|12v1|FL952819_P1
2499
4470
690
88.1
globlastp


LNU958_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI022391M_P1
2500
4471
690
86.6
globlastp


LNU958_H3
barley|12v1|BF623458_P1
2501
4472
690
82.1
globlastp


LNU958_H4
rye|12v1|DRR001012.18630
2502
4473
690
81.8
globlastp


LNU958_H5
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G01370_P1
2503
4474
690
81.7
globlastp


LNU958_H6
oat|11v1|GR331570_P1
2504
4475
690
81.7
globlastp


LNU958_H9
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187769.180209_P1
2505
4476
690
81.2
globlastp


LNU958_H7
rice|11v1|C73705
2506
4477
690
80.9
globlastp


LNU959_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|SOLX00016974_P1
2507
4478
691
80.6
globlastp


LNU959_H2
sugarcane|10v1|CA183011
2508
4479
691
80.1
globlastp


LNU961_H1
maize|10v1|CF631183_P1
2509
4480
693
92.2
globlastp


LNU961_H8
switchgrass|12v1|FE655607_T1
2510
4481
693
91.32
glotblastn


LNU961_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI022987M_P1
2511
4482
693
89.4
globlastp


LNU961_H3
switchgrass|gb167|FE655607
2512
4483
693
88.1
globlastp


LNU961_H4
wheat|12v3|CA662505
2513
4484
693
81.7
globlastp


LNU961_H5
oat|11v1|GR320475_P1
2514
4485
693
81.3
globlastp


LNU961_H6
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G18310_P1
2515
4486
693
81.1
globlastp


LNU961_H7
rice|11v1|C24906
2516
4487
693
80.8
globlastp


LNU963_H1
maize|10v1|BE238751_P1
2517
4488
695
96.4
globlastp


LNU963_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC613777_P1
2518
4489
695
95.4
globlastp


LNU963_H4
switchgrass|12v1|FE650575_P1
2519
4490
695
90.1
globlastp


LNU963_H3
rice|11v1|AA752580
2520
4491
695
86
globlastp


LNU964_H1
maize|10v1|BE051847_P1
2521
4492
696
95
globlastp


LNU964_H12
switchgrass|12v1|FL715928_P1
2522
4493
696
94.6
globlastp


LNU964_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI008583M_P1
2523
4494
696
93.5
globlastp


LNU964_H3
rice|11v1|CA753376
2524
4495
696
91.9
globlastp


LNU964_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G36570_P1
2525
4496
696
90.6
globlastp


LNU964_H5
wheat|12v3|CA593860
2526
4497
696
90
globlastp


LNU964_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FL715928
2527
4498
696
88.91
glotblastn


LNU964_H7
millet|10v1|EVO454PM024076_P1
2528
4499
696
84.1
globlastp


LNU964_H8
rye|12v1|DRR001012.11081
2529
4500
696
83.98
glotblastn


LNU964_H9
sorghum|12v1|SB04G006930
2530
4501
696
81.2
globlastp


LNU964_H10
rice|11v1|CB096675
2531
4502
696
80.87
glotblastn


LNU964_H13
switchgrass|12v1|FL988009_T1
2532
4503
696
80.64
glotblastn


LNU964_H11
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI017454M_P1
2533
4504
696
80.4
globlastp


LNU965_H1
sugarcane|10v1|BQ533054
2534
4505
697
91.8
globlastp


LNU965_H2
maize|10v1|T12687_P1
2535
4506
697
86.8
globlastp


LNU965_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FE648444_P1
2536
4507
697
82.3
globlastp


LNU965_H3
switchgrass|gb167|FE648444
2537
4507
697
82.3
globlastp


LNU965_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC612769_P1
2538
4508
697
81.6
globlastp


LNU965_H6
switchgrass|12v1|FL899717_T1
2539
4509
697
80.07
glotblastn


LNU966_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC612437_P1
2540
4510
698
90
globlastp


LNU966_H7
switchgrass|12v1|FL704069_P1
2541
4511
698
88
globlastp


LNU966_H2
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G32350_P1
2542
4512
698
82.4
globlastp


LNU966_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.705384
2543
4513
698
80.82
glotblastn


LNU966_H4
rye|12v1|DRR001012.277281
2544
4514
698
80.46
glotblastn


LNU966_H5
wheat|12v3|CD934973
2545
4515
698
80.46
glotblastn


LNU966_H6
rice|11v1|BI808003
2546
4516
698
80.4
globlastp


LNU967_H1
maize|10v1|CD001313_P1
2547
4517
699
90.5
globlastp


LNU967_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI005990M_P1
2548
4518
699
83.3
globlastp


LNU970_H1
soybean|11v1|GLYMA10G05870
2549
4519
702
98.2
globlastp


LNU970_H64
soybean|12v1|GLYMA10G05870_P1
2550
4520
702
95.6
globlastp


LNU970_H2
cowpea|12v1|FF384004_P1
2551
4521
702
92.3
globlastp


LNU970_H3
pigeonpea|11v1|GW351178_P1
2552
4522
702
92
globlastp


LNU970_H65
bean|12v2|CA911706_P1
2553
4523
702
91.2
globlastp


LNU970_H4
bean|12v1|CA911706
2554
4523
702
91.2
globlastp


LNU970_H5
peanut|10v1|EE126306_P1
2555
4524
702
89.1
globlastp


LNU970_H6
chickpea|11v1|SRR133517.113773
2556
4525
702
88.3
globlastp


LNU970_H6
chickpea|13v2|SRR133517.113773_P1
2557
4525
702
88.3
globlastp


LNU970_H8
soybean|12v1|GLYMA19G36410_P1
2558
4526
702
88
globlastp


LNU970_H7
pigeonpea|11v1|SRR054580X124449_P1
2559
4527
702
87.2
globlastp


LNU970_H8
soybean|11v1|GLYMA19G36410
2560
4528
702
87.2
globlastp


LNU970_H9
medicago|12v1|AW692607_P1
2561
4529
702
86.9
globlastp


LNU970_H10
trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X103697
2562
4530
702
86.5
globlastp


LNU970_H11
soybean|11v1|GLYMA03G33680
2563
4531
702
85.8
globlastp


LNU970_H11
soybean|12v1|GLYMA03G33680_P1
2564
4531
702
85.8
globlastp


LNU970_H12
lotus|09v1|AW428709_P1
2565
4532
702
85.4
globlastp


LNU970_H13
poplar|10v1|CA927561
2566
4533
702
85
globlastp


LNU970_H66
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|CK284221_P1
2567
4534
702
84.3
globlastp


LNU970_H14
cacao|10v1|CU479946_P1
2568
4535
702
84.3
globlastp


LNU970_H15
grape|11v1|GSVIVT01025656001_P1
2569
4536
702
84.3
globlastp


LNU970_H16
nicotiana_benthamiana|gb162|CK284221
2570
4534
702
84.3
globlastp


LNU970_H67
poplar|13v1|CA927561_P1
2571
4537
702
83.9
globlastp


LNU970_H17
catharanthus|11v1|EG556643_P1
2572
4538
702
83.9
globlastp


LNU970_H18
apple|11v1|CN580810_P1
2573
4539
702
83.6
globlastp


LNU970_H19
chestnut|gb170|SRR006295S0024406_P1
2574
4540
702
83.6
globlastp


LNU970_H68
castorbean|12v1|EG692405_P1
2575
4541
702
83.3
globlastp


LNU970_H21
clementine|11v1|CF504408_P1
2576
4542
702
83.2
globlastp


LNU970_H22
oak|10v1|FP025429_P1
2577
4543
702
83.2
globlastp


LNU970_H23
orange|11v1|CF504408_P1
2578
4542
702
83.2
globlastp


LNU970_H24
scabiosa|11v1|SRR063723X10102
2579
4544
702
83.2
globlastp


LNU970_H25
beech|11v1|SRR006293.15215_T1
2580
4545
702
82.91
glotblastn


LNU970_H69
prunus_mume|13v1|DN553660_P1
2581
4546
702
82.9
globlastp


LNU970_H70
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EH664749_P1
2582
4547
702
82.8
globlastp


LNU970_H71
olea|13v1|SRR014463X18544D1_P1
2583
4548
702
82.8
globlastp


LNU970_H26
amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X105338_P1
2584
4549
702
82.8
globlastp


LNU970_H27
liquorice|gb171|FS241348_P1
2585
4550
702
82.8
globlastp


LNU970_H28
poplar|10v1|AI163995
2586
4551
702
82.8
globlastp


LNU970_H28
poplar|13v1|AI163995_P1
2587
4552
702
82.8
globlastp


LNU970_H29
tabernaemontana|11v1|SRR098689X105363
2588
4553
702
82.8
globlastp


LNU970_H30
strawberry|11v1|CO380524
2589
4554
702
82.6
globlastp


LNU970_H72
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EB425526_P1
2590
4555
702
82.5
globlastp


LNU970_H31
blueberry|12v1|SRR353282X4041D1_P1
2591
4556
702
82.5
globlastp


LNU970_H32
eucalyptus|11v2|CT980284_P1
2592
4557
702
82.5
globlastp


LNU970_H33
lotus|09v1|DC596145_P1
2593
4558
702
82.5
globlastp


LNU970_H34
prunus|10v1|CN580810
2594
4559
702
82.2
globlastp


LNU970_H35
tobacco|gb162|EB425526
2595
4560
702
82.1
globlastp


LNU970_H36
tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X12467
2596
4561
702
82.1
globlastp


LNU970_H37
momordica|10v1|SRR071315S0003149_P1
2597
4562
702
81.8
globlastp


LNU970_H38
nasturtium|11v1|SRR032558.101335_P1
2598
4563
702
81.8
globlastp


LNU970_H39
cleome_spinosa|10v1|GR933144_T1
2599
4564
702
81.75
glotblastn


LNU970_H40
cotton|11v1|AW186771_P1
2600
4565
702
81.6
globlastp


LNU970_H73
olea|13v1|SRR014463X10063D1_P1
2601
4566
702
81.4
globlastp


LNU970_H41
valeriana|11v1|SRR099039X116523
2602
4567
702
81.4
globlastp


LNU970_H42
watermelon|11v1|AM726470
2603
4568
702
81.4
globlastp


LNU970_H43
gossypium_raimondii|12v1|AW186771_P1
2604
4569
702
81.2
globlastp


LNU970_H44
euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X13639_P1
2605
4570
702
81.1
globlastp


LNU970_H45
euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X296196_P1
2606
4571
702
81.1
globlastp


LNU970_H46
triphysaria|10v1|DR170439
2607
4572
702
81.1
globlastp


LNU970_H47
cassava|09v1|JGICASSAVA23572VALIDM1_P1
2608
4573
702
81
globlastp


LNU970_H48
kiwi|gb166|FG404513_P1
2609
4574
702
81
globlastp


LNU970_H49
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG135560
2610
4575
702
81
globlastp


LNU970_H50
cotton|11v1|CO081144_P1
2611
4576
702
80.9
globlastp


LNU970_H51
gossypium_raimondii|12v1|AI728093_P1
2612
4577
702
80.9
globlastp


LNU970_H52
medicago|12v1|CA990040_P1
2613
4578
702
80.7
globlastp


LNU970_H53
tomato|11v1|BG135560
2614
4579
702
80.7
globlastp


LNU970_H54
vinca|11v1|SRR098690X104684
2615
4580
702
80.7
globlastp


LNU970_H55
ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.110771_P1
2616
4581
702
80.4
globlastp


LNU970_H56
cotton|11v1|AI728093_P1
2617
4582
702
80.4
globlastp


LNU970_H57
guizotia|10v1|GE557045_P1
2618
4583
702
80.4
globlastp


LNU970_H58
sunflower|12v1|DY912319
2619
4584
702
80.4
globlastp


LNU970_H59
coffea|10v1|DV663991_P1
2620
4585
702
80.3
globlastp


LNU970_H60
cucurbita|11v1|SRR091276X125648_P1
2621
4586
702
80.3
globlastp


LNU970_H61
cucumber|09v1|AM726470_T1
2622
4587
702
80.29
glotblastn


LNU970_H62
sunflower|12v1|CD856036
2623
4588
702
80.1
globlastp


LNU970_H63
cynara|gb167|GE590124_P1
2624
4589
702
80
globlastp


LNU971_H1
tomato|11v1|AI487766
2625
4590
703
91.9
globlastp


LNU971_H2
tomato|11v1|BG132158
2626
4591
703
91.7
globlastp


LNU971_H3
tomato|11v1|BG589613
2627
4591
703
91.7
globlastp


LNU971_H4
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAI487915
2628
4592
703
89.5
glotblastn


LNU971_H5
tomato|11v1|AW218573
2629
4593
703
89.41
glotblastn


LNU971_H6
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAI777070
2630
4594
703
87.66
glotblastn


LNU971_H7
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHDN168697
2631
4594
703
87.66
glotblastn


LNU971_H8
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG125614
2632
4595
703
87.5
globlastp


LNU971_H9
tomato|11v1|AI777070
2633
4596
703
86.8
globlastp


LNU971_H10
potato|10v1|BQ514990_T1
2634
4597
703
86.36
glotblastn


LNU971_H11
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAI772789
2635
4598
703
86.31
glotblastn


LNU971_H12
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBI431905
2636
4599
703
85.71
glotblastn


LNU971_H13
potato|10v1|BI431905_P1
2637
4600
703
85.5
globlastp


LNU971_H14
potato|10v1|CV475926_T1
2638
4601
703
85.47
glotblastn


LNU971_H15
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBG132158
2639
4602
703
85.4
globlastp


LNU971_H16
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAI776714
2640
4603
703
85.3
globlastp


LNU971_H17
eggplant|10v1|FS009193_P1
2641
4604
703
84
globlastp


LNU971_H18
potato|10v1|BG589613_P1
2642
4605
703
83.8
globlastp


LNU971_H19
tomato|11v1|SRR027939S0232941
2643
4606
703
82.9
globlastp


LNU971_H22
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|AM836977_T1
2644
4607
703
82.13
glotblastn


LNU971_H20
tomato|11v1|BG125614
2645
4608
703
81.5
globlastp


LNU971_H21
pepper|12v1|BM061037_P1
2646
4609
703
80.9
globlastp


LNU972_H2
nicotiana_benthamiana|12v1|EB699638_P1
2647
4610
704
91.4
globlastp


LNU975_H1
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHBI422101
2648
4611
705
85.2
glotblastn


LNU975_H2
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAI896166_T1
2649
4612
705
80.17
glotblastn


LNU976_H1
pseudoroegneria|gb167|FF347407
2650
4613
706
93.2
globlastp


LNU976_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.364991
2651
4614
706
91.47
glotblastn


LNU976_H3
leymus|gb166|CD808542_P1
2652
4615
706
89.9
globlastp


LNU977_H2
wheat|12v3|BM137333
2653
4616
707
86.1
globlastp


LNU977_H10
rice|11v1|C91689_P1
2654
4617
707
81.5
globlastp


LNU977_H11
sorghum|12v1|SB01G048800_P1
2655
4618
707
80.7
globlastp


LNU977_H12
maize|10v1|CO519634_T1
2656
4619
707
80.23
glotblastn


LNU750_H1
wheat|12v3|BQ744292
2657
4620
713
89.2
globlastp


LNU750_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.14416
2658
4621
713
88.8
globlastp


LNU771_H1
wheat|12v3|BM068568
2659
4622
715
96.7
globlastp


LNU771_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001013.372156
2660
4623
715
87.38
glotblastn


LNU771_H3
wheat|12v3|BE426855
2661
4624
715
84.3
globlastp


LNU771_H4
fescue|gb161|DT701171_P1
2662
4625
715
84
globlastp


LNU771_H5
rye|12v1|DRR001012.320596
2663
4626
715
82.4
globlastp


LNU771_H6
rye|12v1|DRR001017.1352396
2664
4627
715
81.6
globlastp


LNU772_H7
lolium|10v1|EY457993_T1
2665
4628
716
91.41
glotblastn


LNU772_H12
sorghum|12v1|CD209835
2666
4629
716
87.5
glotblastn


LNU785_H1
rye|12v1|DRR001012.10208
2667
4630
717
95.63
glotblastn


LNU785_H2
wheat|12v3|CA653207
2668
4631
717
89.2
globlastp


LNU786_H1
wheat|12v3|BJ222677
2669
4632
718
94.89
glotblastn


LNU786_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.114677
2670
4633
718
93.69
glotblastn


LNU786_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G52470_T1
2671
4634
718
86.3
glotblastn


LNU786_H5
wheat|12v3|SRR400820X100908D1
2672
4635
718
84.9
glotblastn


LNU786_H6
wheat|12v3|CA500094
2673
4636
718
83.88
glotblastn


LNU786_H7
rice|11v1|AU062764
2674
4637
718
81.85
glotblastn


LNU786_H8
maize|10v1|AW076421_T1
2675
4638
718
81.29
glotblastn


LNU786_H9
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI016091M_T1
2676
4639
718
81.18
glotblastn


LNU786_H10
sorghum|12v1|SB04G030880
2677
4640
718
80.7
glotblastn


LNU786_H11
switchgrass|12v1|FL710092_T1
2678
4641
718
80.05
glotblastn


LNU787_H5
sorghum|12v1|SB10G022920
2679
4642
719
85.9
globlastp


LNU787_H15
switchgrass|12v1|GD039082_T1
2680
4643
719
83.45
glotblastn


LNU806_H3
rice|11v1|CI312268
2681
4644
721
84.1
glotblastn


LNU806_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G14530_T1
2682
4645
721
83.18
glotblastn


LNU806_H5
rye|12v1|DRR001012.245949
2683
4646
721
80.43
glotblastn


LNU806_H6
wheat|12v3|CA745011
2684
4647
721
80.43
glotblastn


LNU837_H8
switchgrass|12v1|FL706711_T1
2685
4648
722
87.5
glotblastn


LNU837_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI036733M_T1
2686
4649
722
83.33
glotblastn


LNU837_H9
switchgrass|12v1|FL875810_T1
2687
4650
722
82.29
glotblastn


LNU837_H5
switchgrass|gb167|FL706712
2688
4651
722
82.29
glotblastn


LNU837_H10
switchgrass|12v1|FL893419_T1
2689
4652
722
81.25
glotblastn


LNU837_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FL696926
2690
4653
722
81.25
glotblastn


LNU837_H11
switchgrass|12v1|FL696926_T1
2691
4654
722
80.21
glotblastn


LNU837_H7
millet|10v1|EVO454PM106715_T1
2692
4655
722
80.21
glotblastn


LNU856_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI006280M_P1
2693
4656
726
91.5
globlastp


LNU856_H3
millet|10v1|CD725559_P1
2694
4657
726
90.5
globlastp


LNU856_H4
sorghum|12v1|SB05G003390
2695
4658
726
90.3
globlastp


LNU856_H5
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI017030M_P1
2696
4659
726
89.1
globlastp


LNU856_H12
switchgrass|12v1|FL749250_P1
2697
4660
726
88.9
globlastp


LNU856_H6
maize|10v1|BM895627_P1
2698
4661
726
87.9
globlastp


LNU856_H8
rice|11v1|BI811616
2699
4662
726
84.2
globlastp


LNU856_H9
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G43000_P1
2700
4663
726
82.4
globlastp


LNU856_H10
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G09570_P1
2701
4664
726
80.7
globlastp


LNU856_H11
barley|12v1|BI949641_T1
2702
4665
726
80.08
glotblastn


LNU862_H10
sugarcane|10v1|CA147410
2703
4666
728
84.3
globlastp


LNU862_H13
maize|10v1|BU037296_P1
2704
4667
728
81.9
globlastp


LNU862_H15
barley|12v1|AV921382_T1
2705
4668
728
80.84
glotblastn


LNU866_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB12V1CUFF392T1P3
2706
4669
729
95
globlastp


LNU866_H2
maize|10v1|AI854982_P1
2707
4670
729
88.9
globlastp


LNU866_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI034627M_P1
2708
4671
729
83.2
globlastp


LNU866_H4
millet|10v1|EVO454PM024441_T1
2709
4672
729
80.82
glotblastn


LNU870_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI034640M_P1
2710
4673
730
91.1
globlastp


LNU910_H11
switchgrass|12v1|FL927878_T1
2711
4674
736
93.48
glotblastn


LNU911_H1
maize|10v1|AI622711_P1
2712
4675
737
83.6
globlastp


LNU951_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI009880M_P1
2713
4676
739
82.4
globlastp


LNU951_H2
switchgrass|12v1|FL765313_P1
2714
4677
739
80.3
globlastp


LNU956_H1
sugarcane|10v1|BQ533901
2715
4678
741
93.94
glotblastn


LNU956_H3
maize|10v1|AW191064_T1
2716
4679
741
87.59
glotblastn


LNU956_H9
switchgrass|12v1|FL728285_T1
2717
4680
741
82.79
glotblastn


LNU956_H6
millet|10v1|EVO454PM000846_T1
2718
4681
741
82.04
glotblastn


LNU956_H7
rice|11v1|AA749599
2719
4682
741
81.25
glotblastn


LNU956_H8
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G04270_T1
2720
4683
741
80
glotblastn


LNU972_H1
solanum_phureja|09v1|SPHAI775263
2721
4684
743
96.6
globlastp


LNU977_H8
wheat|12v3|SRR400820X1185207D1
2722
4685
745
87.8
globlastp


LNU749_H1
wheat|12v3|BQ905774
2723
4686
747
93.4
globlastp


LNU749_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.593230
2724
4687
747
90.9
globlastp


LNU749_H3
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI4G10110_P1
2725
4688
747
81.4
globlastp


LNU752_H1
rye|12v1|DRR001012.165407
2726
4689
748
96.9
globlastp


LNU752_H2
wheat|12v3|BE415379
2727
4690
748
96.7
globlastp


LNU766_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G59210_P1
2728
4691
749
90
globlastp


LNU769_H2
wheat|12v3|BE427519
2729
4692
750
94.4
globlastp


LNU769_H1
wheat|12v3|BE402340
2730
4693
750
94.2
globlastp


LNU769_H3
wheat|12v3|BQ841839
2731
4694
750
93.7
globlastp


LNU769_H4
rye|12v1|BE705675
2732
4695
750
92.9
globlastp


LNU769_H5
wheat|12v3|CA692455
2733
4696
750
92.5
globlastp


LNU769_H6
rye|12v1|DRR001012.119684
2734
4697
750
91.9
globlastp


LNU769_H7
wheat|12v3|CD888102
2735
4698
750
86.9
globlastp


LNU769_H11
rice|11v1|AU030808
2736
4699
750
82.4
globlastp


LNU769_H9
sorghum|12v1|SB09G026980
2737
4700
750
82.3
globlastp


LNU769_H10
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI026215M_P1
2738
4701
750
82
globlastp


LNU769_H12
maize|10v1|CD445089_P1
2739
4702
750
81.9
globlastp


LNU769_H15
switchgrass|12v1|DN151230_P1
2740
4703
750
81.2
globlastp


LNU769_H16
switchgrass|12v1|GD008102_T1
2741
4704
750
81.03
glotblastn


LNU773_H6
sorghum|12v1|SB01G001980
2742
4705
751
80.6
globlastp


LNU780_H1
wheat|12v3|BM137500
2743
4706
753
81.2
globlastp


LNU784_H1
wheat|12v3|BE406457
2744
4707
754
84.1
globlastp


LNU784_H2
rye|12v1|DRR001012.297633
2745
4708
754
81.7
globlastp


LNU786_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.109215
2746
4709
755
90.1
globlastp


LNU788_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI006617M_P1
2747
4710
756
83.8
globlastp


LNU804_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI009871M_P1
2748
4711
758
82.5
globlastp


LNU804_H2
switchgrass|gb167|FE603029
2749
4712
758
82
globlastp


LNU804_H3
sorghum|12v1|SB06G022510
2750
4713
758
80.2
globlastp


LNU804_H4
sorghum|12v1|SB06G022500_P1
2751
4714
758
80
globlastp


LNU806_H7
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187768.79981_P1
2752
4715
759
88.3
globlastp


LNU806_H8
switchgrass|12v1|DN145288_P1
2753
4716
759
87.3
globlastp


LNU806_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB07G002850
2754
4717
759
81.3
globlastp


LNU806_H2
maize|10v1|CD966203_P1
2755
4718
759
80.6
globlastp


LNU816_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|GT091139_P1
2756
4719
761
95.8
globlastp


LNU816_H2
sorghum|12v1|SB04G029730
2757
4720
761
95.7
globlastp


LNU816_H3
maize|10v1|BQ485722_P1
2758
4721
761
95.6
globlastp


LNU816_H16
switchgrass|12v1|FL715086_P1
2759
4722
761
94.6
globlastp


LNU816_H4
millet|10v1|EVO454PM008535_P1
2760
4723
761
94.5
globlastp


LNU816_H7
rye|12v1|BF145541
2761
4724
761
87.6
globlastp


LNU816_H8
barley|12v1|AV909829_P1
2762
4725
761
86.6
globlastp


LNU816_H17
switchgrass|12v1|FL746777_P1
2763
4726
761
83.3
globlastp


LNU816_H9
wheat|12v3|BE400688
2764
4727
761
82.5
globlastp


LNU816_H11
wheat|12v3|TAU67717
2765
4728
761
82
globlastp


LNU816_H12
barley|12v1|EX595315_P1
2766
4729
761
81.8
globlastp


LNU816_H13
wheat|12v3|SRR400820X1008111D1
2767
4730
761
80.88
glotblastn


LNU816_H14
wheat|12v3|SRR400820X1034615D1
2768
4731
761
80.88
glotblastn


LNU816_H15
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G42750_P1
2769
4732
761
80.7
globlastp


LNU821_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB02G033100
2770
4733
764
95.9
globlastp


LNU821_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI029452M_P1
2771
4734
764
90.7
globlastp


LNU821_H3
rice|11v1|BI808865
2772
4735
764
82.3
globlastp


LNU821_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G28110T2_P1
2773
4736
764
81.1
globlastp


LNU824_H2
sorghum|12v1|SB03G004750
2774
4737
765
96.9
globlastp


LNU824_H3
sugarcane|10v1|CA072104
2775
4737
765
96.9
globlastp


LNU824_H4
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI002015M_P1
2776
4738
765
95.8
globlastp


LNU824_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FL699463
2777
4739
765
95.2
globlastp


LNU824_H52
switchgrass|12v1|FE635824_P1
2778
4740
765
94.7
globlastp


LNU824_H7
rice|11v1|U37978
2779
4741
765
92.7
globlastp


LNU824_H8
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G04130_P1
2780
4742
765
91.6
globlastp


LNU824_H9
barley|12v1|BI954198_P1
2781
4743
765
91.3
globlastp


LNU824_H10
fescue|gb161|DT698307_P1
2782
4744
765
91.3
globlastp


LNU824_H11
oat|11v1|GO582430XX1_P1
2783
4745
765
91.3
globlastp


LNU824_H12
rye|12v1|DRR001012.148971
2784
4743
765
91.3
globlastp


LNU824_H13
rye|12v1|DRR001012.252020
2785
4743
765
91.3
globlastp


LNU824_H14
rice|11v1|AB060277
2786
4746
765
91
globlastp


LNU824_H15
wheat|12v3|BE444676
2787
4747
765
91
globlastp


LNU824_H16
rye|12v1|DRR001012.21112
2788
4748
765
90.73
glotblastn


LNU824_H17
sorghum|12v1|SB09G005010
2789
4749
765
89.9
globlastp


LNU824_H53
switchgrass|12v1|DN141584_P1
2790
4750
765
89.9
globlastp


LNU824_H18
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI022491M_P1
2791
4751
765
89.6
globlastp


LNU824_H19
maize|10v1|AI783320_P1
2792
4752
765
89.6
globlastp


LNU824_H20
switchgrass|gb167|DN141584
2793
4753
765
89.6
globlastp


LNU824_H54
switchgrass|12v1|FE599982_P1
2794
4753
765
89.6
globlastp


LNU824_H22
millet|10v1|CD725074_P1
2795
4754
765
89.3
globlastp


LNU824_H23
barley|12v1|BI959386_P1
2796
4755
765
88.8
globlastp


LNU824_H24
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G34470_P1
2797
4756
765
88.8
globlastp


LNU824_H25
oat|11v1|CN816246_P1
2798
4757
765
88.5
globlastp


LNU824_H26
rye|12v1|DRR001012.242642
2799
4758
765
88.2
globlastp


LNU824_H31
rye|12v1|DRR001012.153481
2800
4759
765
85.7
globlastp


LNU824_H55
switchgrass|12v1|DN145318_P1
2801
4760
765
83.7
globlastp


LNU824_H32
cacao|10v1|CU505404_P1
2802
4761
765
82.5
globlastp


LNU824_H34
sugarcane|10v1|CA084205
2803
4762
765
82.3
globlastp


LNU824_H33
euonymus|11v1|SRR070038X188424_P1
2804
4763
765
82.1
globlastp


LNU824_H35
grape|11v1|GSVIVT01024573001_P1
2805
4764
765
81.8
globlastp


LNU824_H36
orange|11v1|CF418875_P1
2806
4765
765
81.6
globlastp


LNU824_H43
tripterygium|11v1|SRR098677X105610
2807
4766
765
81.01
glotblastn


LNU824_H38
euphorbia|11v1|DV129031_P1
2808
4767
765
81
globlastp


LNU824_H39
papaya|gb165|EX228132_P1
2809
4768
765
81
globlastp


LNU824_H40
amborella|12v3|CK763625_P1
2810
4769
765
80.8
globlastp


LNU824_H48
grape|11v1|GSVIVT01032677001_P1
2811
4770
765
80.8
globlastp


LNU824_H56
castorbean|12v1|EE260514_P1
2812
4771
765
80.8
globlastp


LNU824_H46
ambrosia|11v1|SRR346935.200226_P1
2813
4772
765
80.7
globlastp


LNU824_H44
cotton|11v1|CO077706_P1
2814
4773
765
80.6
globlastp


LNU824_H45
gossypium_raimondii|12v1|BE054298_P1
2815
4773
765
80.6
globlastp


LNU824_H51
beech|11v1|SRR006293.9817_T1
2816
4774
765
80.39
glotblastn


LNU824_H50
cotton|11v1|BE054298_P1
2817
4775
765
80.3
globlastp


LNU824_H57
chestnut|gb170|SRR006295S0038807_P1
2818
4776
765
80.2
globlastp


LNU824_H58
eucalyptus|11v2|CB967757_P1
2819
4777
765
80.2
globlastp


LNU824_H59
amsonia|11v1|SRR098688X158094_T1
2820
4778
765
80.17
glotblastn


LNU829_H2
maize|10v1|SRR014550S0010991_T1
2821
4779
767
94.63
glotblastn


LNU829_H3
sugarcane|10v1|CF572667
2822
4780
767
94.48
glotblastn


LNU829_H8
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187765.561639_P1
2823
4781
767
93.8
globlastp


LNU829_H6
sorghum|12v1|SB12V2PRD006827
2824
4782
767
90
glotblastn


LNU829_H7
rice|11v1|AF171223
2825
4783
767
81.4
globlastp


LNU831_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB01G011000
2826
4784
768
84.92
glotblastn


LNU831_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI036219M_P1
2827
4785
768
84.1
globlastp


LNU833_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB02G029650
2828
4786
769
91.9
globlastp


LNU833_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC612621_P1
2829
4787
769
87
globlastp


LNU847_H1
trigonella|11v1|SRR066194X264388
2830
4788
772
94.4
globlastp


LNU847_H2
soybean|12v1|GLYMA17G02680_P1
2831
4789
772
83
globlastp


LNU847_H3
bean|12v2|SRR001334.102552_P1
2832
4790
772
82
globlastp


LNU847_H4
soybean|12v1|GLYMA07G38020_P1
2833
4791
772
80.4
globlastp


LNU858_H3
maize|10v1|BM266633_P1
2834
4792
774
93.5
globlastp


LNU858_H4
maize|10v1|AI834674_P1
2835
4793
774
90.3
globlastp


LNU858_H1
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI016470M_P1
2836
4794
774
86.9
globlastp


LNU858_H2
millet|10v1|EVO454PM002436_P1
2837
4795
774
86.6
globlastp


LNU858_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FE613408_P1
2838
4796
774
85.2
globlastp


LNU858_H6
switchgrass|12v1|FL693746_P1
2839
4797
774
81.8
globlastp


LNU898_H1
sorghum|12v1|SB04G003360
2840
4798
778
94.3
globlastp


LNU898_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI017281M_P1
2841
4799
778
93.7
globlastp


LNU898_H3
millet|10v1|EVO454PM005287_P1
2842
4800
778
93.7
globlastp


LNU898_H4
maize|10v1|AI948259_T1
2843
4801
778
93.63
glotblastn


LNU898_H5
maize|10v1|BQ538526_P1
2844
4802
778
93.2
globlastp


LNU898_H9
switchgrass|12v1|FE615026_P1
2845
4803
778
92.5
globlastp


LNU898_H6
switchgrass|gb167|FL699057
2846
4804
778
91.84
glotblastn


LNU898_H7
rice|11v1|BE229038
2847
4805
778
86
globlastp


LNU898_H8
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI3G03680_P1
2848
4806
778
82.9
globlastp


LNU900_H7
rice|11v1|AU083413
2849
4807
779
83.4
globlastp


LNU901_H2
maize|10v1|AW244952_P1
2850
4808
780
90.1
globlastp


LNU901_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI001444M_P1
2851
4809
780
88.8
globlastp


LNU901_H4
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI2G02560T2_P1
2852
4810
780
84.5
globlastp


LNU901_H5
wheat|12v3|BE606820
2853
4811
780
83.6
globlastp


LNU901_H8
rye|12v1|BE586835
2854
4812
780
82.47
glotblastn


LNU901_H6
rice|11v1|BI806473
2855
4813
780
82.4
globlastp


LNU901_H7
barley|12v1|BI952377_P1
2856
4814
780
82.4
globlastp


LNU901_H9
rye|12v1|DRR001012.187398
2857
4815
780
81.42
glotblastn


LNU904_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC613499_P1
2858
4816
781
82.1
globlastp


LNU906_H1
maize|10v1|AW055628_P1
2859
4817
782
88.2
globlastp


LNU906_H2
maize|10v1|BQ703950_P1
2860
4818
782
88.2
globlastp


LNU906_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI000363M_P1
2861
4819
782
84
globlastp


LNU909_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI000744M_P1
2862
4820
784
84.6
globlastp


LNU909_H3
switchgrass|gb167|FL723049
2863
4821
784
82.21
glotblastn


LNU909_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FL977640_T1
2864
4822
784
82.1
glotblastn


LNU909_H4
millet|10v1|EVO454PM008179_P1
2865
4823
784
82.1
globlastp


LNU911_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI000115M_P1
2866
4824
785
85.1
globlastp


LNU930_H1
maize|10v1|AW787241_P1
2867
4825
786
91.5
globlastp


LNU930_H4
switchgrass|12v1|FL706853_T1
2868
4826
786
83.49
glotblastn


LNU930_H2
switchgrass|gb167|FE618499
2869
4827
786
82.9
globlastp


LNU930_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FE618499_P1
2870
4828
786
82.4
globlastp


LNU930_H3
foxtail_millet|11v3|EC613524_P1
2871
4829
786
80.8
globlastp


LNU932_H1
maize|10v1|T27560_P1
2872
4830
787
85.1
globlastp


LNU938_H1
maize|10v1|DN222454_P1
2873
4831
789
87.6
globlastp


LNU938_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI027048M_P1
2874
4832
789
83.9
globlastp


LNU938_H4
switchgrass|12v1|SRR187769.1104778_T1
2875
4833
789
83.33
glotblastn


LNU938_H5
switchgrass|12v1|FL787692_P1
2876
4834
789
82.6
globlastp


LNU938_H3
sorghum|12v1|SB05G025910
2877
4835
789
81.1
globlastp


LNU938_H6
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI027821M_P1
2878
4836
789
80.7
globlastp


LNU954_H1
sugarcane|10v1|BQ533017_P1
2879
4837
791
94.2
globlastp


LNU954_H2
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI022586M_P1
2880
4838
791
83
globlastp


LNU954_H3
cenchrus|gb166|EB653183_P1
2881
4839
791
81
globlastp


LNU956_H2
maize|10v1|AW520032_T1
2882
4840
792
89.58
glotblastn


LNU956_H4
switchgrass|gb167|FL701157
2883
4841
792
85.12
glotblastn


LNU956_H10
switchgrass|12v1|FL701157_P1
2884
4842
792
83.3
globlastp


LNU956_H5
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI021390M_P1
2885
4843
792
82.7
globlastp


LNU968_H1
maize|10v1|BI233953_P1
2886
4844
793
80.7
globlastp


LNU977_H4
rye|12v1|DRR001012.145037
2887
4845
794
97.3
globlastp


LNU977_H5
rye|12v1|DRR001012.173329
2888
4846
794
96.7
globlastp


LNU977_H6
rye|12v1|DRR001012.153346
2889
4847
794
96.7
globlastp


LNU977_H7
barley|12v1|BF254361_P1
2890
4848
794
96.3
globlastp


LNU977_H3
rye|12v1|DRR001012.735828
2891
4849
794
95.89
glotblastn


LNU977_H1
wheat|12v3|BE398977
2892
4850
794
93.7
globlastp


LNU977_H9
brachypodium|12v1|BRADI1G76830_P1
2893
4851
794
88.3
globlastp


LNU977_H13
millet|10v1|EVO454PM012399_T1
2894
4852
794
81.4
glotblastn


LNU977_H14
foxtail_millet|11v3|PHY7SI035189M_P1
2895
4853
794
80.7
globlastp


LNU977_H15
switchgrass|12v1|FL721232_P1
2896
4854
794
80.3
globlastp


LNU977_H16
switchgrass|12v1|FL901810_T1
2897
4855
794
80.04
glotblastn





Table 2: Provided are the homologous (e.g., orthologous) polypeptides and polynucleotides of the genes identified in Table 1 and of their cloned genes, which can increase nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, seed yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency of a plant. Homology was calculated as % of identity over the aligned sequences. The query sequences were polypeptide sequences SEQ ID NOs: 496-794 and polynucleotide sequences SEQ ID NOs: 1-495, and the subject sequences are polypeptide sequences or polynucleotide sequences which were dynamically translated in all six reading frames identified in the database based on greater than 80% identity to the query polypeptide sequences.


“Polyp.” = polypeptide; “Polyn.”—Polynucleotide. Algor. = Algorithm. “globlastp”—global homology using blastp; “glotblastn”—global homology using tblastn. “Hom.”—homologous. “ident” = identity.






The output of the functional genomics approach described herein is a set of genes highly predicted to improve nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, seed yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, fiber yield, fiber length, fiber quality, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency of a plant by increasing their expression.
Although each gene is predicted to have its own impact, modifying the mode of expression of more than one gene or gene product (RNA, polypeptide) is expected to provide an additive or synergistic effect on the desired trait (e.g., nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content, abiotic stress tolerance and/or water use efficiency of a plant). Altering the expression of each gene described here alone or of a set of genes together increases the overall yield and/or other agronomic important traits, hence expects to increase agricultural productivity.
Example 3
Production of Barley Transcriptom and High Throughput Correlation Analysis Using 44K Barley Oligonucleotide Micro-Array
In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis comparing between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a Barley oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem. (dot) agilent (dot) com/Scripts/PDS (dot) asp?1Page=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 47,500 Barley genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression and yield or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 25 different Barley accessions were analyzed. Among them, 13 accessions encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot) com/hyperstat/A34739 (dot) html].
Experimental Procedures
Analyzed Barley tissues—Five tissues at different developmental stages [meristem, flower, booting spike, stem, flag leaf], representing different plant characteristics, were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 3 below.







TABLE 3







Barley transcriptom expression sets










Expression Set
Set ID







booting spike
1



flowering spike
2



meristem
3



Stem
4










Barley yield components and vigor related parameters assessment—25 Barley accessions in 4 repetitive blocks (named A, B, C, and D), each containing 4 plants per plot were grown at net house. Plants were phenotyped on a daily basis following the standard descriptor of barley (Table 4, below). Harvest was conducted while 50% of the spikes were dry to avoid spontaneous release of the seeds. Plants were separated to the vegetative part and spikes, of them, 5 spikes were threshed (grains were separated from the glumes) for additional grain analysis such as size measurement, grain count per spike and grain yield per spike. All material was oven dried and the seeds were threshed manually from the spikes prior to measurement of the seed characteristics (weight and size) using scanning and image analysis. The image analysis system included a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37 (Java based image processing program, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet [rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/]. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).







TABLE 4







Barley standard descriptors










Trait
Parameter
Range
Description





Growth habit
Scoring
1-9
Prostrate (1) or Erect (9)


Hairiness of
Scoring
P (Presence)/A 
Absence (1) or Presence (2)


basal leaves

(Absence)



Stem
Scoring
1-5
Green (1), Basal only or


pigmentation


Half or more (5)


Days to
Days

Days from sowing to


Flowering


emergence of awns


Plant height
Centimeter 

Height from ground level



(cm)

to top of the longest spike





excluding awns


Spikes per plant
Number

Terminal Counting


Spike length
Centimeter 

Terminal Counting 5 spikes



(cm)

per plant


Grains per spike
Number

Terminal Counting 5 spikes





per plant


Vegetative dry
Gram

Oven-dried for 48 hours at


weight


70° C.


Spikes dry
Gram

Oven-dried for 48 hours at


weight


30° C.









Grains per spike—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The total number of grains from 5 spikes that were manually threshed was counted. The average grain per spike was calculated by dividing the total grain number by the number of spikes.
Grain average size (cm)—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The total grains from 5 spikes that were manually threshed were scanned and images were analyzed using the digital imaging system. Grain scanning was done using Brother scanner (model DCP-135), at the 200 dpi resolution and analyzed with Image J software. The average grain size was calculated by dividing the total grain size by the total grain number.
Grain average weight (mgr)—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The total grains from 5 spikes that were manually threshed were counted and weight. The average weight was calculated by dividing the total weight by the total grain number.
Grain yield per spike (gr)—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The total grains from 5 spikes that were manually threshed were weight. The grain yield was calculated by dividing the total weight by the spike number.
Spike length analysis—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The five chosen spikes per plant were measured using measuring tape excluding the awns.
Spike number analysis—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The spikes per plant were counted.
Growth habit scoring—At the growth stage 10 (booting), each of the plants was scored for its growth habit nature. The scale that was used was 1 for prostate nature till 9 for erect.
Hairiness of basal leaves—At the growth stage 5 (leaf sheath strongly erect; end of tillering), each of the plants was scored for its hairiness nature of the leaf before the last. The scale that was used was 1 for prostate nature till 9 for erect.
Plant height—At the harvest stage (50% of spikes were dry) each of the plants was measured for its height using measuring tape. Height was measured from ground level to top of the longest spike excluding awns.
Days to flowering—Each of the plants was monitored for flowering date. Days of flowering was calculated from sowing date till flowering date.
Stem pigmentation—At the growth stage 10 (booting), each of the plants was scored for its stem color. The scale that was used was 1 for green till 5 for full purple.
Vegetative dry weight and spike yield—At the end of the experiment (50% of the spikes were dry) all spikes and vegetative material from plots within blocks A-D were collected. The biomass and spikes weight of each plot was separated, measured and divided by the number of plants.
Dry weight=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours;
Spike yield per plant=total spike weight per plant (gr) after drying at 30° C. in oven for 48 hours.
Harvest Index (for barley)—The harvest index was calculated using Formula XVIII above.







TABLE 5







Barley correlated parameters (vectors)










Correlated parameter with (units)
Correlation Id














Grain weight (miligrams)
1



Grains Size (mm2)
2



Grains per spike (numbers)
3



Growth habit (scores 1-9)
4



Hairiness of basal leaves (scoring 1-2)
5



Plant height (cm)
6



Seed Yield of 5 Spikes (gram)
7



Spike length (cm)
8



Spikes per plant (numbers)
9



Stem pigmentation (scoring 1-5)
10



Vegetative dry weight (gram)
11



days to flowering (days)
12










Experimental Results
13 different Barley accessions were grown and characterized for 13 parameters as described above. The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in Tables 6 and 7 below. Subsequent correlation analysis between the various transcriptom sets (Table 3) and the average parameters, was conducted. Follow, results were integrated to the database.







TABLE 6







Measured parameters of correlation Ids in Barley accessions









Parameter













Accession
1
2
3
4
5
6
















Line-1
35.046
0.265
20.229
2.600
1.533
134.267


Line-2
28.065
0.229
17.983
2.000
1.333
130.500


Line-3
28.761
0.244
17.267
1.923
1.692
138.769


Line-4
17.869
0.166
17.733
3.167
1.083
114.583


Line-5
41.216
0.295
14.467
4.333
1.417
127.750


Line-6
29.734
0.275
16.783
2.692
1.692
129.385


Line-7
25.224
0.220
12.120
3.600
1.300
103.889


Line-8
34.994
0.278
14.067
3.500
1.188
121.625


Line-9
20.580
0.187
21.540
3.000
1.000
126.800


Line-10
27.501
0.224
12.100
3.667
1.167
99.833


Line-11
37.126
0.273
13.400
2.467
1.600
121.400


Line-12
29.564
0.271
15.283
3.500
1.083
118.417


Line-13
19.583
0.179
17.067
3.000
1.167
117.167





Table 6: Provided are the values of each of the parameters measured in Barley accessions according to the correlation identifications (Correlation IDs Table 5 above).



















TABLE 7





Accession/








Parameter
7
8
9
10
11
12





















Line-1
3.559
12.036
48.846
1.133
78.871
62.400


Line-2
2.538
10.932
48.273
2.500
66.141
64.083


Line-3
2.583
11.825
37.417
1.692
68.491
65.154


Line-4
1.574
9.900
61.917
1.750
53.389
58.917


Line-5
3.030
11.682
33.273
2.333
68.300
63.000


Line-6
2.517
11.532
41.692
2.308
74.173
70.538


Line-7
1.549
8.863
40.000
1.700
35.354
52.800


Line-8
2.624
11.216
40.625
2.188
58.334
60.875


Line-9
2.300
11.108
62.000
2.300
62.230
58.100


Line-10
1.678
8.583
49.333
1.833
38.322
53.000


Line-11
2.677
10.179
50.600
3.067
68.306
60.400


Line-12
2.353
10.505
43.091
1.583
56.148
64.583


Line-13
1.673
9.803
51.400
2.167
42.682
56.000





Table 7. Provided are the values of each of the parameters measured in Barley accessions according to the correlation identifications (Correlation IDs Table 5 above).













TABLE 8







Correlation between the expression level of the selected polynucleotides of the


invention and their homologues in specific tissues or developmental stages 


and the phenotypic performance across Barley accessions
















Gene


Exp.
Corr.
Gene


Exp.
Corr.


Name
R
P value
set
Set ID
Name
R
P value
set
Set ID



















LNU750
0.80
5.15E−03
2
9
LNU756
0.70
1.59E−02
3
2


LNU756
0.73
1.05E−02
3
1
LNU756
0.74
8.57E−03
3
5


LNU757
0.75
7.80E−03
1
7
LNU757
0.74
8.71E−03
1
11


LNU761
0.74
9.03E−03
3
1
LNU761
0.72
1.20E−02
3
6


LNU761
0.85
9.78E−04
3
8
LNU761
0.88
4.09E−04
3
7


LNU761
0.76
6.14E−03
3
11
LNU766
0.73
1.10E−02
1
5


LNU767
0.82
2.06E−03
3
2
LNU767
0.87
5.84E−04
3
1


LNU767
0.77
6.08E−03
3
8
LNU767
0.94
1.99E−05
3
7


LNU767
0.85
9.09E−04
3
11
LNU767
0.76
6.33E−03
3
12


LNU768
0.79
3.98E−03
1
9
LNU768
0.73
1.74E−02
2
4


LNU768
0.75
7.84E−03
3
9
LNU770
0.72
1.20E−02
1
9


LNU771
0.70
2.32E−02
2
5
LNU771
0.78
4.51E−03
3
2


LNU771
0.74
9.02E−03
3
1
LNU773
0.75
7.74E−03
3
9


LNU774
0.81
2.78E−03
3
2
LNU774
0.87
4.25E−04
3
1


LNU774
0.71
1.36E−02
3
7
LNU780
0.70
1.56E−02
1
2


LNU780
0.77
6.07E−03
1
1
LNU780
0.86
1.40E−03
2
4


LNU782
0.74
8.54E−03
3
8
LNU785
0.70
1.57E−02
1
8


LNU834
0.75
7.95E−03
3
1
LNU839
0.75
7.95E−03
3
1





Table 8. Provided are the correlations (R) and p-values (P) between the expression levels of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention in various tissues or developmental stages (Expression sets) and the phenotypic performance in various yield (seed yield, oil yield, oil content), biomass, growth rate and/or vigor components [Correlation (Corr.) vector (Vec.) Expression (Exp.)] Corr. Vector = correlation vector specified in Table 5; Exp. Set = expression set specified in Table 3.






Example 4
Production of Barley Transcriptom and High Throughput Correlation Analysis Using 60K Barley Oligonucleotide Micro-Array
In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis comparing between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a Barley oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem. (dot) agilent (dot) com/Scripts/PDS (dot) asp?1Page=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 60K Barley genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression and yield or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 15 different Barley accessions were analyzed. Among them, 10 accessions encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot) com/hyperstat/A34739 (dot) html].
Experimental Procedures
Analyzed Barley tissues—Tissues at different developmental stages representing different plant characteristics, were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Tables 9-11 below.







TABLE 9







Barley transcriptom expression sets under normal and low 


N conditions (at vegetative stage)










Expression Set
Set ID







Adv root/T3/low N
1



Adv root/T3/normal
2



Leaf/T3/low N
3



Leaf/T3/normal
4



Root tip/T3/low N
5



Root tip/T3/normal
6







Table 9. Provided are the barley transcriptom expression sets under normal and low N (low nitrogen) conditions (at vegetative stage).













TABLE 10







Barley transcriptom expression sets under normal 


and low N conditions (at reproductive stage)








Set ID
Expression Set





1
reproductive/booting spike/low N


2
reproductive/booting spike/normal


3
reproductive/leaf/low N


4
reproductive/leaf/normal:


5
reproductive/stem/low N


6
reproductive/stem/normal





Table 10. Provided are the barley transcriptom expression sets under normal and low N conditions (at reproductive stage).













TABLE 11







Barley transcriptom expression sets under drought 


conditions (at vegetative stage)








Set ID
Expression Set





1
Drought/booting spike/reproductive


2
Drought/leaf/reproductive


3
Drought/leaf/vegetative


4
Drought/meristems/vegetative


5
Drought/root tip/vegetative


6
Drought/root tip/vegetative





Table 11. Provided are the barley transcriptom expression sets under drought conditions (at vegetative stage).






Barley yield components and vigor related parameters assessment—15 Barley accessions in 5 repetitive blocks, each containing 5 plants per pot were grown at net house. Three different treatments were applied: plants were regularly fertilized and watered during plant growth until harvesting (as recommended for commercial growth, plants were irrigated 2-3 times a week, and fertilization was given in the first 1.5 months of the growth period) or under low Nitrogen (80% percent less Nitrogen) or under drought stress (cycles of drought and re-irrigating were conducted throughout the whole experiment, overall 40% less water were given in the drought treatment). Plants were phenotyped on a daily basis following the parameters listed in Table 12 below. Harvest was conducted while all the spikes were dry. All material was oven dried and the seeds were threshed manually from the spikes prior to measurement of the seed characteristics (weight and size) using scanning and image analysis. The image analysis system included a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37 (Java based image processing program, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet [rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/]. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).
Grain yield (gr.)—At the end of the experiment all spikes of the pots were collected. The total grains from all spikes that were manually threshed were weighted. The grain yield was calculated by per plot or per plant.
Spike length and width analysis—At the end of the experiment the length and width of five chosen spikes per plant were measured using measuring tape excluding the awns.
Spike number analysis—The spikes per plant were counted.
Plant height—Each of the plants was measured for its height using measuring tape. Height was measured from ground level to top of the longest spike excluding awns at two time points at the Vegetative growth (30 days after sowing) and at harvest.
Spike weight—The biomass and spikes weight of each plot was separated, measured and divided by the number of plants.
Dry weight=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours at two time points at the Vegetative growth (30 days after sowing) and at harvest.
Spikelet per spike=number of spikelets per spike was counted.
Root/Shoot Ratio—The Root/Shoot Ratio is calculated using Formula XXII above.
Total No. of tillers—all tillers were counted per plot at two time points at the Vegetative growth (30 days after sowing) and at harvest.
Percent of reproductive tillers—the number of reproductive tillers barring a spike at harvest was divided by the total numbers of tillers.
SPAD—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed at time of flowering. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot.
Root FW (gr.), root length (cm) and No. of lateral roots—3 plants per plot were selected for measurement of root weight, root length and for counting the number of lateral roots formed.
Shoot FW (fresh weight)—weight of 3 plants per plot were recorded at different time-points.
Average Grain Area (cm2)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the spike. A sample of  ̃200 grains was weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The grain area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.
Average Grain Length and width (cm)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the spike. A sample of  ̃200 grains was weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain lengths or width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.
Average Grain perimeter (cm)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the spike. A sample of  ̃200 grains was weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain perimeter was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.
Heading date—the day in which booting stage was observed was recorded and number of days from sowing to heading was calculated.
Relative water content—Fresh weight (FW) of three leaves from three plants each from different seed ID was immediately recorded; then leaves were soaked for 8 hours in distilled water at room temperature in the dark, and the turgid weight (TW) was recorded. Total dry weight (DW) was recorded after drying the leaves at 60° C. to a constant weight. Relative water content (RWC) is calculated according to Formula I above.
Harvest Index (for barley)—The harvest index was calculated using Formula XVIII above.
Relative growth rate: the relative growth rate (RGR) of Plant Height (Formula III above), SPAD (Formula IV above) and number of tillers (Formula V above) were calculated using the indicated formulas.
Ratio Drought/Normal: Represents ratio for the specified parameter of Drought condition results divided by Normal conditions results (maintenance of phenotype under drought in comparison to normal conditions).







TABLE 12







Barley correlated parameters (vectors) under normal and 


low N conditions (at vegetative stage)











Correlation 



Correlated parameter with
ID














Lateral roots per plant at TP3 [number] Normal
1



Leaf Area [cm2] 
2



Leaf Number-TP4-Low N [number] 
3



Leaf maximal length at TP4 [mm] Normal
4



Leaf maximal width at TP4 [mm] Normal
5



Leaf maximal length at TP4 [mm] Low N
6



Leaf maximal width at TP4 [mm] Low N
7



Lateral roots per plant at TP3 [number] Low N
8



No of tillers-Low N-TP2 [number] 
9



Num Leaves[number] 
10



Num Seeds [number] 
11



Num Spikes [number] 
12



Num Tillers [number] 
13



Plant Height (cm)-Normal
14



Plant Height (cm)-Low N
15



Plant Height (cm)-Low N-TP2
16



Root FW per plant at vegetative stage [gr.] Normal
17



Root length per plant at vegetative stage [cm] Normal
18



Root FW per plant at vegetative stage [gr.] Low N
19



Root length per plant at vegetative stage [cm] Low N
20



Chlorophyll level at vegetative stage [SPAD] Normal
21



Chlorophyll level at vegetative stage [SPAD] Low N
22



Seed Yield [gr.] 
23



Seed Number (per plot)-Low N [number] 
24



Seed Yield (gr)-Low N
25



Seed Yield (gr)-Normal
26



Shoot FW per plant at vegetative stage [gr.] Normal
27



Spike length [cm] Normal
28



Spike width [mm] Normal
29



Spike total weight (per plot)-normal [gr.] 
30



Spike Length (cm)-Low N
31



Spike Width (cm)-Low N
32



Spike total weight (per plot)-Low N [gr.] 
33



Total Tillers [number] 
34



Total Leaf Area (mm2)-TP4-Low N
35



Total No of Spikes per plot-Low N [number] 
36



Total No of tillers per plot-Low N [number] 
37



shoot FW (gr)-Low N-TP2
38







Table 12. Provided are the barley correlated parameters.



“TP” = time point;



“DW” = dry weight;



“FW” = fresh weight;



“Low N” = Low Nitrogen.













TABLE 13







Barley correlated parameters (vectors) under normal and 


low N conditions (at reproductive stage)








Correlation ID
Correlated parameter with











1
Grain Perimeter [mm]


2
Grain area [mm]


3
Grain length [mm]


4
Grain width [mm]


5
Grains DW/Shoots DW


6
Grains per plot [number]


7
Grains weight per plant [gr.]


8
Grains weight per plot [gr.]


9
Plant Height [cm]


10
Roots DW [gr.]


11
Row number [number]


12
Spikes FW (Harvest) [gr.]


13
Spikes num [number]


14
Tillering (Harvest) [number]


15
Vegetative DW (Harvest) [gr.]


16
percent of reproductive tillers [percent]


17
shoot/root ratio





Table 13. Provided are the barley correlated parameters under normal and low N conditions (at reproductive stage).


“TP” = time point;


“DW” = dry weight;


“FW” = fresh weight;


“Low N” = Low Nitrogen;


”Relative water content [percent] Ratio Drought/Normal” − maintenance of phenotype under drought in comparison to normal conditions













TABLE 14







Barley correlated parameters (vectors) under drought 


conditions (at vegetative stage)










Correlation 




ID
Correlated parameter with














1
Chlorophyll level vegetative stage [SPAD] Drought



2
Shoot DW at harvest [gr.]



3
Shoot DW at harvest per plant [gr.] Drought



4
Shoot FW per plant at harvest [gr.] Drought



5
Grains per plant [number] Drought



6
Grain yield per plant [gr.] Drought



7
Harvest index



8
Heading date [days] Drought



9
RGR by plant height Drought



10
Number of tillers Relative growth rate



11
Plant height per plot at harvest [cm] Drought



12
RBiH/BiH



13
Relative water content vegetative [percent] Drought



14
Root DW per plant vegetative stage [gr.] Drought



15
Root FW per plant vegetative stage [gr.] Drought



16
Root length per plant vegetative [cm] Drought



17
RGR by chlorophyll levels Drought



18
Spike length [cm] Drought



19
Spikes per plant [number] Drought



20
Spikes yield per plant [gr.] Drought



21
Spike width [mm] Drought



22
Tillers per plant at harvest [number] Drought



23
Lateral roots per plant vegetative [number] Drought







Table 14. Provided are the barley correlated parameters under drought conditions (at vegetative stage). “RBiH/BiH” = root-shoot ratio






Experimental Results
15 different Barley accessions were grown and characterized for different parameters as described above. Tables 12-14 describe the Barley correlated parameters. The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in Tables 15-24 below. Subsequent correlation analysis between the various transcriptom sets and the average parameters was conducted. Follow, results were integrated to the database.







TABLE 15







Measured parameters of correlation IDs in Barley 


accessions under low N conditions (at vegetative stage)








Corr.


















ID/












Line
3
6
7
8
9
15
16
19
20
22




















Line-1
8.0
102.9
5.3
5.0
0.0
41.0
16.3
0.4
24.7
24.0


Line-2
8.0
107.8
5.2
6.0
0.0
82.0
18.8
0.2
21.7
23.3


Line-3
7.5
111.6
5.1
4.3
0.0
61.4
17.3
0.1
22.0
26.5


Line-4
8.5
142.4
5.3
6.0
0.0
59.4
26.0
0.4
21.7
23.9


Line-5
10.0
152.4
5.2
6.3
0.0
65.8
22.5
0.9
22.2
26.6


Line-6
11.5
149.3
5.3
6.0
0.0
47.8
18.2
0.5
23.0
23.2


Line-7
8.6
124.1
5.3
6.7
0.0
53.8
19.7
0.4
30.5
25.4


Line-8
6.3
95.0
5.1
4.7
0.0
56.4
19.8
0.3
22.8
24.2


Line-9
7.5
124.1
5.2
5.7
0.0
81.8
19.2
0.3
23.8
25.0


Line-10
10.0
135.2
5.1
7.3
0.0
44.6
19.2
0.6
24.5
26.1





Table 15: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (line) under low N conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 16







Measured parameters of correlation IDs in additional Barley 


accessions under low N conditions (at vegetative stage)








Corr.


















ID/












Line
24
25
26
31
32
33
35
36
37
38




















Line-1
230.2
9.8
46.4 
15.2 
8.0
13.7
39.4
12.2
16.2
0.4


Line-2
164.6 
7.3
19.8 
19.6
8.1
13.4
46.3
9.0
14.6
0.4


Line-3 
88.3
3.3
10.8 
16.3
9.4
 9.2
51.5 
11.6 
16.0 
0.3


Line-4 
133.6
5.1
22.6
19.3
4.9
11.6
57.1
25.0 
20.8 
0.6


Line-5 
106.0
6.0
30.3
90.2 
9.6
11.3
67.8 
7.8
12.5
0.8


Line-6
222.6
9.7
54.1
16.4
7.2
15.1
64.2
14.5 
18.8 
0.5


Line-7
219.2
7.4
37.0
20.4
7.1
12.2
52.4
15.0 
21.2 
0.5


Line-8
143.5
5.8
42.0
18.8
8.5
11.0
46.2
7.0
11.0
0.4


Line-9 
201.8
7.8
35.4
18.8
10.0 
12.2 
68.0
5.4
 6.8
0.5


Line-10
125.0
6.3
38.3
16.6 
9.4
10.6 
57.9
8.4
14.0
0.6





Table 16. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (line) under low N conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 17







Measured parameters of correlation IDs Barley 


accessions under normal conditions (at vegetative stage)








Corr.


















ID/












Line
1
2
4
5
10
11
12
13
14
14




















Line-
7.0
294.0
502.0
5.8
24.2
1090.0
41.5
2.0
64.7
64.7


1












Line-
8.7
199.0
348.0
5.5
18.2
510.0
32.0
2.0
84.0
84.0


2












Line-
8.3
273.0
499.0
5.8
22.7
242.0
36.0
1.0
67.4
67.4


3












Line-
9.7
276.0
594.0
6.0
25.5
582.0
71.4
2.3
82.0
82.0


4












Line-
10.7
313.0
535.0
4.6
23.2
621.0
34.2
2.3
72.0
72.0


5












Line-
9.7
309.0
551.0
5.3
28.3
1070.0
45.6
3.3
56.6
56.6


6












Line-
9.7
259.0
479.0
5.8
22.2
903.0
49.8
2.3
65.8
65.8


7












Line-
8.7
291.0
399.0
5.4
19.0
950.0
28.0
1.3
62.8
62.8


8












Line-
10.0 
299.0
384.0
5.8
17.3
984.0
19.3
1.3
91.6
91.6


9












Line-
9.7
296.0
470.0
6.0
22.0
768.0
38.0
1.7
66.2
66.2


10





Table 17: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (line) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 18







Measured parameters of correlation IDs in additional 


Barley accessions under normal conditions (at vegetative stage)
















Corr. 











ID/Line
17
18
21
23
27
28
29
30
34



















Line-1
0.27
21.30 
39.10
46.40
2.17
16.50 
9.54
69.40
46.70


Line-2
0.27
15.00
41.40
19.80
1.90
19.20
9.05
39.40
41.60


Line-3
0.25
21.80
35.20
10.80
1.25
18.30
8.25 
34.90
40.00


Line-4
0.35
20.30 
33.70
22.60
3.00
20.40
6.55 
50.30
48.80


Line-5
0.62
27.20 
34.20
30.30
15.60
17.20
10.50
60.80 
34.60


Line-6
0.27
16.00
42.80
54.10 
3.02
19.10
8.83 
79.10
48.60


Line-7
0.35
24.00
37.00
37.00
2.58
20.30
7.38
62.70 
49.20


Line-8
0.32
13.50 
36.90
42.00 
1.75
21.70
10.40
60.00 
29.00


Line-9
0.23
21.50
35.00
35.40 
2.18
16.50 
10.20
55.90
27.50


Line-10
0.27
15.20
36.80 
38.30 
1.82
16.10
10.30
59.70 
38.80





Table 18. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (line) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 19







Measured parameters of correlation IDs in Barley 


accessions under low N conditions (at reproductive stage)
















Corr. 











ID/











Line
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9





Line-1
2.24
0.25
0.89
0.35
0.40
 683.40
 6.65
33.24
76.40


Line-2
2.24
0.24
0.87
0.35
0.16
 510.50
 3.96
19.81
84.00


Line-3
2.18
0.24
0.86
0.35
1.01
1093.50 
 9.27
46.37 
64.67


Line-4
2.05
0.23
0.80
0.37
0.79
 767.60
 7.65
38.25
66.20


Line-5
2.08
0.24
0.83
0.37
0.41
 621.00
 6.06
30.30
72.00


Line-6
2.03
0.25
0.78
0.41
0.99
1069.00
10.83 
54.13
56.60


Line-7
2.25
0.24
0.90
0.35
0.67
 987.75
 7.94
39.69
68.00


Line-8
1.88
0.22
0.72
0.39
0.61
 903.20
 7.40
36.98
65.80


Line-9
2.09
0.23
0.82
0.36
0.28
 581.80
 4.52
22.58
82.00


Line-10
2.03
0.22
0.79
0.36
1.04
 904.40
 8.41
39.68
62.80


Line-11
2.02
0.24
0.80
0.37
0.12
 242.40
 2.00
10.84
67.40


Line-12
1.98
0.21
0.80
0.34
0.86
 928.40
 8.05
40.26
76.20


Line-13
1.69
0.18
0.65
0.35
0.58
 984.20
 7.08
35.37
91.60


Line-14
1.98
0.19
0.82
0.29
0.05
 157.67
 0.75
 3.73
44.00


Line-15
1.89
0.17
0.77
0.29
0.08
 263.25
 1.14
 5.68
52.75





Table 19: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (line) under low N conditions (at reproductive stage). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 20







Measured parameters of correlation IDs in additional 


Barley accessions under low N conditions (at reproductive stage)








Corr. ID/
















Line
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17


















Line-1
118.30
6.00
69.84
38.60
44.25 
89.20
82.30 
1.48


Line-2 
150.68
6.00
39.86 
32.00
41.60
99.65
77.75
0.64


Line-3
86.28
6.00
69.40 
41.50
46.67 
45.79
86.69 
0.84


Line-4
85.19
6.00
59.72 
38.00
38.80
49.39
94.23 
0.82


Line-5
120.31
6.00
60.83 
34.20
34.60
74.32
89.74 
1.15


Line-6
90.70 
2.80
79.12 
45.60
48.60 
55.11
93.73
0.69


Line-7
40.58 
6.00
63.50
30.00
32.40 
47.29
89.49
1.26


Line-8
90.51
2.00
62.74 
49.80
55.20 
60.32
90.28 
0.72


Line-9 
92.59 
2.00
50.30 
71.40
50.60 
88.01
91.21 
1.17


Line-10
63.95
5.20 
59.95
28.00
29.00
38.89
92.50 
0.71


Line-11
286.63
6.00
34.92 
36.00
40.00 
97.71
91.73
0.38


Line-12
95.79 
6.00
60.08 
27.60
28.50 
48.33
85.31 
0.51


Line-13
34.04 
6.00
55.88 
23.60
27.50 
62.52

2.16


Line-14 
121.27
4.67 
16.93 
54.67
26.00 
57.97

0.67


Line-15
206.75
4.00
21.70 
48.00

72.78

0.40





Table 20. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (line) under low N conditions (at reproductive stage). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 21







Measured parameters of correlation IDs Barley accessions 


under accessions under normal conditions (at reproductive stage)
















Corr. 











ID/











Line
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9





Line-1
2.29
0.25
0.90
0.35
0.39
153.20 
1.34
6.68
75.20


Line-2
2.33
0.25
0.92
0.35
0.42
164.60 
1.46
7.31
82.00


Line-3
2.28
0.26
0.93
0.35
1.25
230.20
1.95
9.76 
41.00


Line-4
2.08
0.24
0.82
0.36
0.69
125.00 
1.26
6.29 
44.60


Line-5
2.13
0.25
0.86
0.37
0.43
100.00 
1.13
5.67 
65.80


Line-6
1.96
0.23
0.76
0.38
0.87
222.60 
1.95
9.74 
47.80


Line-7
2.09
0.23
0.83
0.35
0.77
159.40 
1.28
6.40
60.60


Line-8
1.88
0.21
0.74
0.36
0.53
219.20 
1.47
7.35
53.80


Line-9
2.19
0.24
0.86
0.35
0.34
133.60
0.98
5.06
59.40


Line-10 
1.88
0.20
0.73
0.35
0.87
134.40
1.16
5.43
56.40


Line-11
2.03
0.22
0.81
0.35
0.15
 88.25
0.92
4.62 
61.40


Line-12 
2.11
0.23
0.85
0.35
0.58
174.25
1.34
6.67
65.60


Line-13
1.77
0.19
0.68
0.36
0.76
201.80
1.57
7.83
81.80


Line-14
2.00
0.19
0.81
0.30
0.05
 86.67
0.29
1.44 
69.00


Line-15 
1.90
0.17
0.79
0.28
0.07
 61.60
0.22
1.12 
57.40





Table 21: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (line) under normal conditions (at reproductive stage). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 22







Measured parameters of correlation IDs in additional Barley 


accessions under accessions under normal conditions 


(at reproductive stage)















Corr. ID/ 










Line
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17


















Line-1
39.91
6.00
11.40 
10.80
16.00
17.42
68.69
0.69


Line-2
26.24
6.00
13.44
9.00
14.60
17.76
61.85
1.08


Line-3
17.31
6.00
13.74
12.20 
16.20 
8.25
76.94
0.77


Line-4
32.91
6.00
10.62
8.40
14.00
7.28
59.63
0.38


Line-5
33.87
6.00
11.34
7.80
12.50
13.25
65.63
0.83


Line-6
83.84
2.00
15.06
14.50
18.80
11.32 
79.84
0.42


Line-7
29.65
6.00
11.64
8.40
11.60
8.95
73.85
0.29


Line-8
37.21
2.00
12.18
15.00
21.20 
14.18 
71.01
0.57


Line-9
44.38
2.00
11.64 
25.00
23.50
15.68 
95.83
0.60


Line-10
14.46
5.20
8.76
7.00
11.00
6.42
64.87
0.55


Line-11
41.54
6.00
9.15
11.60 
16.00
55.92
68.75
2.88


Line-12
23.75
6.00
12.42
7.60
10.75
11.54 
74.24
1.36


Line-13
20.87
6.00
12.18
5.40
 6.75
10.88
81.40
0.89


Line-14
49.69
2.00
5.68
16.40 
35.00
58.92
37.14
2.49


Line-15
54.02
2.00
5.04
12.00

17.05

0.40





Table 22. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (line) under normal conditions (at reproductive stage). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 23







Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in Barley accessions under


Drought conditions








Corr.



















ID/













Line
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11





















Line-1
41.33
6.15
0.22
1.90
170.00
5.55
0.47
75.00
0.27
0.07
46.00


Line-2
33.57
5.05
0.21
1.52
267.50
9.80
0.66
71.00
0.86
0.10
52.86


Line-3
36.57
3.20

1.17
111.00
3.55
0.53
65.00
0.73
0.06
35.00


Line-4
40.50
3.28

1.95
205.33
7.20
0.69

0.88
0.07
38.00


Line-5
45.07
4.76

1.90
153.60
5.28
0.53
66.75
0.40
0.16
45.20


Line-6
39.73
3.55
0.17
1.22
252.50
7.75
0.69
90.00
0.94
0.06
48.00


Line-7
38.33
4.52

1.75
288.40
9.92
0.69
90.00
0.70
0.10
37.67


Line-8
36.17
3.38

1.58
274.50
10.25
0.75

0.71
0.05
41.20


Line-9
42.13
5.67
0.25
1.88
348.50
8.50
0.60
90.00
0.77
0.10
40.80


Line-10
31.77
3.31

1.73
358.00
14.03
0.81

0.80
0.06
49.86


Line-11
33.47
2.65

1.00
521.39
17.52
0.87

0.92
0.06
43.00


Line-12
42.37
5.12
0.13
0.90
71.50
2.05
0.29
90.00
0.39
0.18
47.40


Line-13
42.27
6.86
0.19
0.90
160.13
5.38
0.44
81.60
0.88
0.15
64.80


Line-14
36.77
3.11
0.22
1.43
376.67
11.00
0.78
90.00
−0.13
0.02
52.60


Line-15
40.63
3.74

0.83
105.00
2.56
0.41

0.20
0.44
32.00





Table 23: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (line) under drought growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 24







Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in additional Barley accessions under


Drought conditions








Corr.





















ID/















Line
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
22
23























Line-1
0.01
80.60
77.52 
2.07
21.67
0.09 
16.70 
4.20
17.72
8.64 
11.68
11.68
8.33


Line-2
0.01
53.40
60.19 
1.48 
20.33
−0.12
16.85
4.36
24.24 
9.07
9.04
9.04
8.67


Line-3
0.01
55.87
27.13
1.12
22.00
0.00
13.27
7.60
18.20
7.83
10.92
10.92
7.33


Line-4
0.01

18.62
1.87
24.00
0.01
13.55
8.44
18.00
7.32
10.16
10.16
7.67


Line-5
0.03
43.22
117.42
1.67
20.67
0.04
14.19
4.92
19.50
8.74
10.32
10.32
6.67


Line-6
0.02
69.78
70.72
1.68
18.33
−0.07
15.64
3.43
15.00
7.62
8.78
8.78
6.67


Line-7
0.01
45.49
37.34
1.62
21.00
0.01
15.66
6.90
23.40
6.98
13.00
13.00
7.67


Line-8
0.01
76.51
25.56
0.85
20.33
0.00
17.49
5.80
28.16
8.05
7.44
7.44
6.67


Line-9
0.01
87.41
66.18
1.45
21.67
−0.06
16.00
8.55
21.96
6.06
13.92
13.92
6.00


Line-10
0.01

22.13
1.38
19.67
0.04
18.31
9.67
33.03
6.73
11.00
11.00
8.67


Line-11
0.02

41.12
0.82
16.67
0.05
17.42
5.42
34.80
9.55
6.78
6.78
7.67


Line-12
0.02
58.32
116.95
0.58
17.00
0.00
14.23
3.05
11.73
7.84
8.45
8.45
6.33


Line-13
0.01
80.58
84.10
0.63
15.17
−0.07
14.81
4.07
18.78
7.81
9.15
9.15
7.00


Line-14
0.01
73.09
37.46
1.07
27.00
0.03
16.54
3.72
21.00
8.35
5.12
5.12
7.00


Line-15
0.03

98.86
0.70
15.00
−0.06
12.72
3.21
9.88
5.47
16.13
16.13
6.67





Table 24. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Barley accessions (line) under drought growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 25







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of


the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under low nitrogen


and normal conditions (at vegetative stage) across Barley accessions
















Gene

P 
Esp.
Cor.
Gene

P 
Exp.
Cor.


Name
R
value
set
Set ID 
Name
R
value
set 
Set ID



















LNU749
0.76
1.75E−02 
1
15
LNU750
0.73
2.45E−02
2
27


LNU750
0.77
1.54E−02
2
17
LNU750
0.87
2.60E−03
3
35


LNU751
0.89
1.30E−03
1
15
LNU751
0.98
2.69E−06
2
27


LNU751
0.93
2.74E−04
2
17
LNU751
0.76
1.76E−02
3
15


LNU752
0.72
2.74E−02
1
15
LNU752
0.92
5.34E−04
2
27


LNU752
0.86
2.91E−03
2
17
LNU753
0.84
4.60E−03
3
31


LNU753
0.74
2.15E−02
3
19
LNU754
0.85
3.73E−03
1
19


LNU7S4
0.78
1.29E−02
1
38
LNU754
0.84
5.09E−03
2
21


LNU754
0.71
3.26E−02
3
31
LNU754
0.86
3.31E−03
3
19


LNU754
0.80
8.98E−03
3
3
LNU754
0.86
3.10E−03
3
38


LNU756
0.94
4.00E−04
4
18
LNU756
0.72
4.47E−02
4
27


LNU756
0.74
3.76E−02
4
17
LNU756
0.70
2.33E−02
5
35


LNU756
0.87
9.76E−04
5
8
LNU756
0.70
2.33E−02
5
38


LNU756
0.74
1.40E−02
5
6
LNU756
0.78
1.34E−02
3
31


LNU756
0.72
2.94E−02
3
38
LNU757
0.70
5.28E−02
6
28


LNU757
0.77
9.44E−03
5
6
LNU757
0.88
1.66E−03
3
20


LNU758
0.79
2.06E−02
4
14
LNU758
0.86
1.27E−03
5
20


LNU758
0.77
1.60E−02
3
24
LNU759
0.80
8.91E−03
3
3


LNU759
0.72
2.87E−02
3
8
LNU760
0.73
3.85E−02
4
18


LNU760
0.74
2.15E−02
3
19
LNU760
0.79
1.07E−02
3
3


LNU760
0.85
4.06E−03
3
22
LNU760
0.73
2.57E−02
3
38


LNU760
0.70
3.50E−02
3
6
LNU761
0.73
4.00E−02
6
10


LNU761
0.81
1.47E−02
6
27
LNU761
0.90
2.64E−03
6
13


LNU761
0.74
2.34E−02
1
15
LNU76I
0.83
1.07E−02
4
14


LNU761
0.83
6.15E−03
2
27
LNU761
0.76
1.68E−02
2
17


LNU761
0.86
3.06E−03
3
31
LNU761
0.73
2.49E−02
3
19


LNU762
0.71
4.71E−02
6
27
LNU762
0.84
9.31E−03
6
13


LNU762
0.84
4.92E−03
1
7
LNU762
0.76
1.68E−02
1
37


LNU763
0.81
1.58E−02
6
5
LNU763
0.73
2.70E−02
2
18


LNU763
0.74
2.30E−02
2
27
LNU763
0.74
2.25E−02
2
17


LNU764
0.73
3.83E−02
4
18
LNU764
0.77
9.51E−03
5
26


LNU764
0.77
8.83E−03
5
7
LNU764
0.75
1.26E−02
5
25


LNU764
0.74
1.50E−02
5
33
LNU764
0.76
1.85E−02
3
7


LNU764
0.76
1.68E−02
3
36
LNU764
0.80
9.88E−03
3
16


LNU766
0.71
4.88E−02
6
27
LNU766
0.77
2.65E−02
6
13


LNU766
0.71
3.21E−02
1
8
LNU766
0.87
2.11E−03
1
20


LNU766
0.73
4.02E−02
4
14
LNU766
0.78
7.63E−03
5
19


LNU766
0.83
2.85E−03
5
3
LNU766
0.77
9.25E−03
5
8


LNU766
0.83
6.19E−03
2
21
LNU766
0.71
3.08E−02
3
15


LNU767
0.76
1.02E−02
5
31
LNU767
0.77
1.54E−02
3
31


LNU768
0.84
8.81E−03
6
13
LNU768
0.77
1.43E−02
1
35


LNU768
0.72
2.93E−02
1
6
LNU768
0.74
3.42E−02
4
10


LNU768
0.85
3.32E−03
3
31
LNU769
0.74
2.19E−02
1
24


LNU769
0.77
9.46E−03
5
20
LNU769
0.72
2.94E−02
2
11


LNU770
0.79
6.40E−03
5
19
LNU770
0.77
9.80E−03
5
35


LNU770
0.94
4.58E−05
5
38
LNU770
0.81
4.44E−03
5
6


LNU770
0.73
2.54E−02
3
19
LNU770
0.78
1.29E−02
3
3


LNU770
0.83
6.19E−03
3
38
LNU770
0.72
2.94E−02
3
6


LNU771
0.74
3.66E−02
4
10
LNU771
0.90
2.59E−03
4
18


LNU771
0.76
1.64E−02
2
29
LNU772
0.72
4.44E−02
6
5


LNU772
0.73
4.12E−02
4
34
LNU772
0.70
5.24E−02
4
18


LNU772
0.77
1.60E−02
2
18
LNU773
0.78
2.35E−02
6
12


LNU773
0.75
3.21E−02
6
27
LNU773
0.72
3.00E−02
1
20


LNU773
0.88
7.99E−04
5
8
LNU773
0.82
7.06E−03
3
31


LNU773
0.93
3.04E−04
3
19
LNU773
0.84
4.98E−03
3
3


LNU773
0.94
2.08E−04
3
38
LNU773
0.82
6.35E−03
3
6


LNU774
0.92
1.27E−03
6
5
LNU774
0.83
5.80E−03
1
31


LNU774
0.73
2.53E−02
1
19
LNU774
0.75
1.97E−02
1
38


LNU774
0.73
3.92E−02
4
1
LNU774
0.80
1.80E−02
4
27


LNU774
0.80
1.70E−02
4
17
LNU774
0.84
4.74E−03
2
18


LNU774
0.85
3.61E−03
2
27
LNU774
0.86
2.84E−03
2
17


LNU774
0.93
3.07E−04
3
31
LNU774
0.84
5.09E−03
3
19


LNU774
0.74
2.28E−02
3
35
LNU774
0.89
1.46E−03
3
38


LNU774
0.77
1.45E−02
3
6
LNU775
0.72
4.43E−02
6
21


LNU775
0.73
4.07E−02
6
27
LNU775
0.76
2.95E−02
6
13


LNU775
0.70
3.53E−02
1
24
LNU775
0.73
3.80E−02
4
2


LNU775
0.78
1.28E−02
3
31
LNU775
0.71
3.36E−02
3
38


LNU776
0.82
1.33E−02
4
28
LNU776
0.89
2.89E−03
4
13


LNU776
0.80
9.89E−03
3
31
LNIJ776
0.73
2.67E−02
3
19


LNU776
0.79
1.I5E−02
3
35
LNU776
0.83
5.87E−03
3
38


LNU776
0.88
1.76E−03
3
6
LNU776
0.79
1.14E−02
3
16


LNU777
0.94
4.33E−04
6
17
LNU777
0.87
2.53E−03
1
19


LNU777
0.96
4.74E−05
1
38
LNU777
0.79
1.16E−02
1
6


LNU777
0.83
5.49E−03
3
31
LNU777
0.86
3.12E−03
3
19


LNU777
0.80
9.73E−03
3
38
LNU77S
0.79
1.94E−02
6
13


LNU778
0.87
4.98E−03
6
14
LNU778
0.73
1.74E−02
5
25


LNU778
0.70
2.30E−02
5
33
LNU778
0.82
7.02E−03
2
2


LNU778
0.74
2.19E−02
3
3
LNU778
0.79
1.12E−02
3
38


LNU778
0.82
7.05E−03
3
6
LNU779
0.77
1.61E−02
3
19


LNU779
0.91
7.64E−04
3
3
LNU779
0.74
2.40E−02
3
8


LNU779
0.82
7.27E−03
3
38
LNU779
0.73
2.55E−02
3
6


LNU780
0.74
3.59E−02
4
1
LNU780
0.73
1.56E−02
5
8


LNU780
0.77
8.82E−03
5
38
LNU780
0.76
1.80E−02
2
27


LNU780
0.75
2.06E−02
2
17
LNU780
0.91
6.27E−04
3
31


LNU780
0.86
2.62E−03
3
19
LNU780
0.82
7.00E−03
3
38


LNU781
0.73
4.00E−02
6
17
LNU781
0.74
2.31E−02
1
31


LNU781
0.70
2.29E−02
5
19
LNU781
0.83
3.24E−03
5
38


LNU781
0.88
1.93E−03
2
27
LNU781
0.89
1.49E−03
2
17


LNU781
0.73
2.64E−02
3
15
LNU782
0.79
2.01E−02
4
34


LNU782
0.72
4.27E−02
4
21
LNU782
0.71
5.05E−02
4
13


LNU783
0.79
1.92E−02
6
13
LNU783
0.73
2.48E−02
3
7


LNU783
0.74
2.19E−02
3
36
LNU784
0.76
2.89E−02
6
5


LNU784
0.96
5.76E−05
2
27
I.NU784
0.92
4.48E−04
2
17


LNU784
0.78
1.26E−02
3
35
LNU785
0.73
3.88E−02
6
34


LNU785
0.82
1.24E−02
6
12
LNU785
0.85
7.06E−03
6
10


LNU785
0.73
4.02E−02
6
4
LNU785
0.78
2.36E−02
6
27


LNU785
0.80
1.77E−02
6
13
LNU785
0.81
8.50E−03
1
20


LNU785
0.70
2.42E−02
5
7
LNU785
0.76
1.15E−02
5
24


LNU785
0.80
5.77E−03
5
25
LNU785
0.81
4.47E−03
5
33


LNU785
0.94
1.75E−04
2
27
LNU785
0.90
8.48E−04
2
17





Table 25. Provided are the correlations (R) between the expression levels yield improving genes and their homologs in various tissues [Expression (Exp) sets] and the phenotypic performance [yield, biomass, growth rate and/or vigor components (Correlation vector (Cor))] under normal and low nitrogen conditions across barley varieties. P = p value.













TABLE 26







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of


the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under low nitrogen


and normal conditions (at reproductive stage) across Barley accessions
















Gene

P 
Exp.
Cor.
Gene

P
Exp.
Cor.


Name
R
value
set
Set ID
Name
R
value
set
Set ID



















LNU749
0.701
2.39E−02
3
4
LNU749
0.744
1.36E−02
3
10


LNU749
0.715
2.00E−02
3
12
LNU749
0.730
1.66E−02
6
15


LNU749
0.801
5.32E−03
6
10
LNU749
0.713
2.05E−02
5
14


LNU749
0.736
1.52E−02
4
9
LNU750
0.707
2.22E−02
1
9


LNU751
0.854
1.67E−03
3
13
LNU753
0.713
2.06E−02
2
6


LNU753
0.781
7.69E−03
2
7
LNU753
0.814
4.12E−03
2
8


LNU753
0.752
1.22E−02
2
12
LNU753
0.793
6.18E−03
3
17


LNU754
0.707
2.23E−02
5
2
LNU754
0.708
2.21E−02
5
1


LNU754
0.734
1.56E−02
5
3
LNU756
0.759
1.10E−02
4
17


LNU757
0.886
6.40E−04
2
14
LNU757
0.837
2.52E−03
2
13


LNU757
0.761
1.05E−02
6
10
LNU757
0.747
1.29E−02
1
13


LNU758
0.765
9.99E−03
6
15
LNU758
0.746
1.32E−02
1
9


LNU759
0.720
1.88E−02
2
5
LNU759
0.739
1.45E−02
2
7


LNU759
0.715
2.01E−02
2
8
LNU760
0.732
1.61E−02
2
13


LNU761
0.784
7.28E−03
3
17
LNU761
0.759
1.08E−02
6
6


LNU761
0.720
1.89E−02
6
5
LNU761
0.737
1.49E−02
6
7


LNU761
0.731
1.62E−02
6
8
LNU761
0.745
1.33E−02
5
17


LNU762
0.745
1.34E−02
5
13
LNU763
0.721
1.87E−02
2
13


LNU763
0.838
2.46E−03
6
15
LNU763
0.797
5.78E−03
5
14


LNU763
0.719
1.91E−02
4
15
LNU764
0.729
1.68E−02
3
13


LNU764
0.719
1.91E−02
3
16
LNU764
0.746
1.32E−02
5
4


LNU764
0.709
2.17E−02
5
10
LNU764
0.762
1.03E−02
1
9


LNU766
0.766
9.84E−03
2
9
LNU766
0.718
1.94E−02
3
9


LNU766
0.763
1.03E−02
1
17
LNU766
0.782
7.49E−03
1
9


LNU767
0.822
3.53E−03
5
17
LNU768
0.728
1.70E−02
5
14


LNU769
0.705
2.28E−02
2
1
LNU769
0.713
2.07E−02
2
3


LNU769
0.819
3.79E−03
3
4
LNU769
0.820
3.67E−03
3
10


LNU769
0.723
1.81E−02
1
16
LNU770
0.732
1.62E−02
2
13


LNU770
0.848
1.93E−03
3
13
LNU770
0.772
8.95E−03
3
16


LNU771
0.714
2.04E−02
6
11
LNU771
0.724
1.80E−02
5
4


LNU771
0.855
1.61E−03
1
5
LNU772
0.718
1.93E−02
3
2


LNU772
0.789
6.71E−03
6
15
LNU773
0.801
5.36E−03
3
14


LNU773
0.797
5.81E−03
3
13
LNU773
0.860
1.43E−03
5
4


LNU773
0.836
2.56E−03
1
4
LNU774
0.765
9.96E−03
3
4


LNU774
0.710
3.21E−02
6
16
LNU774
0.848
1.94E−03
1
4


LNU774
0.722
1.84E−02
1
10
LNU775
0.842
2.23E−03
5
16


LNU775
0.753
1.19E−02
4
5
LNU776
0.804
5.07E−03
2
4


LNU776
0.786
7.03E−03
2
14
LNU776
0.717
1.97E−02
2
13


LNU776
0.708
2.21E−02
5
17
LNU777
0.834
2.67E-03
2
13


LNU777
0.769
9.38E−03
4
4
LNU778
0.709
2.16E−02
3
7


LNU778
0.805
4.95E−03
3
10
LNU778
0.714
2.04E−02
3
8


LNU778
0.712
2.10E−02
3
12
LNU778
0.750
1.24E−02
6
2


LNU778
0.759
1.09E−02
4
2
LNU778
0.803
5.15E−03
4
1


LNU778
0.803
5.20E−03
4
3
LNU779
0.856
1.58E−03
3
14


LNU779
0.873
9.80E−04
3
13
LNU779
0.772
8.88E−03
5
10


LNU781
0.715
2.01E−02
3
15
LNU782
0.733
1.58E−02
3
13


LNU782
0.776
8.33E−03
5
4
LNU782
0.730
1.66E−02
4
17


LNU782
0.784
7.30E−03
4
9
LNU782
0.806
4.87E−03
1
4


LNU782
0.858
1.48E−03
1
10
LNU783
0.734
1.57E−02
2
6


LNU783
0.829
3.01E−03
2
7
LNU783
0.848
1.93E−03
2
8


LNU783
0.800
5.45E−03
2
12
LNU783
0.758
1.11E−02
3
4


LNU783
0.734
1.57E−02
3
16
LNU783
0.724
1.79E−02
5
15


LNU783
0.885
6.72E−04
1
16
LNU784
0.801
5.32E−03
3
14


LNU784
0.763
1.03E−02
3
13
LNU784
0.846
2.03E−03
5
10


LNU784
0.744
1.37E−02
4
15
LNU784
0.713
2.07E−02
4
10


LNU784
0.779
7.88E−03
1
4
LNU784
0.832
2.86E−03
1
10


LNU785
0.740
1.43E−02
5
14





Table 26. Provided are the correlations (R) between the expression levels yield improving genes and their homologs in various tissues [Expression (Exp) sets] and the phenotypic performance [yield, biomass, growth rate and/or vigor components (Correlation vector (Cor))] under normal and low nitrogen conditions across barley varieties. P = p value.













TABLE 27







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments 


of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance 


under drought conditions across Barley accessions
















Gene

P
Exp.
Cor.
Gene

P 
Exp.
Cor.


Name
R
value
set
Set ID
Name
R
value
set
Set ID



















LNU749
0.859
2.82E−02
1
18
LNU749
0.780
6.74E−02
1
11


LNU749
0.818
4.66E−02
1
20
LNU749
0.798
1.76E−02
3
10


LNU749
0.759
2.90E−02
3
16
LNU749
0.727
4.12E−02
3
11


LNU749
0.735
3.79E−02
5
22
LNU749
0.858
6.39E−03
5
4


LNU749
0.763
2.77E−02
5
15
LNU749
0.739
2.30E−02
4
19


LNU749
0.844
1.69E−02
4
13
LNU749
0.730
2.56E−02
4
12


LNU749
0.717
2.96E−02
4
14
LNU750
0.855
2.99E−02
1
12


LNU750
0.820
4.59E−02
1
2
LNU750
0.872
2.37E−02
1
14


LNU750
0.912
4.21E−03
3
13
LNU750
0.816
1.35E−02
3
14


LNU750
0.787
2.05E−02
3
1
LNU750
0.700
7.97E−02
2
6


LNU751
0.754
8.34E−02
1
2
LNU751
0.762
7.82E−02
1
14


LNU751
0.743
9.09E−02
1
1
LNU751
0.778
2.29E−02
3
10


LNU751
0.887
3.28E−03
3
11
LNU751
0.737
5.88E−02
2
1


LNU751
0.700
3.56E−02
4
12
LNU753
0.734
3.82E−02
3
21


LNU753
0.843
1.73E−02
2
21
LNU753
0.819
2.41E−02
2
12


LNU753
0.777
2.33E−02
5
10
LNU753
0.840
9.13E−03
5
11


LNU753
0.749
3.24E−02
5
2
LNU754
0.743
9.03E−02
1
21


LNU754
0.711
4.80E−02
3
12
LNU754
0.849
1.57E−02
6
13


LNU754
0.747
2.08E−02
6
2
LNU754
0.706
3.36E−02
6
14


LNU754
0.970
6.62E−05
5
14
LNU756
0.784
6.48E−02
1
19


LNU756
0.797
5.77E−02
1
23
LNU756
0.945
3.89E−04
3
19


LNU756
0.767
2.64E−02
3
22
LNU756
0.830
5.66E−03
6
16


LNU756
0.825
2.23E−02
2
5
LNU756
0.835
1.93E−02
2
6


LNU756
0.744
5.51E−02
2
20
LNU756
0.883
3.69E−03
5
19


LNU756
0.886
1.45E−03
4
19
LNU756
0.818
7.03E−03
4
22


LNU756
0.758
1.79E−02
4
4
LNU757
0.713
1.12E−01
1
10


LNU757
0.857
2.94E−02
1
23
LNU757
0.712
1.13E−01
1
6


LNU757
0.798
5.73E−02
1
17
LNU757
0.759
7.99E−02
1
20


LNU757
0.754
5.01E−02
2
11
LNU757
0.882
3.71E−03
5
19


LNU758
0.842
8.67E−03
3
12
LNU758
0.777
3.98E−02
2
16


LNU758
0.768
1.56E−02
4
14
LNU759
0.708
1.15E−01
1
16


LNU759
0.855
6.85E−03
3
21
LNU761
0.712
1.13E−01
1
18


LNU761
0.804
1.62E−02
3
11
LNU761
0.765
2.71E−02
5
17


LNU762
0.774
7.09E−02
1
7
LNU762
0.933
6.54E−03
1
18


LNU762
0.755
8.26E−02
1
5
LNU762
0.922
8.91E−03
1
6


LNU762
0.914
1.08E−02
1
11
LNU762
0.977
7.65E−04
1
20


LNU762
0.934
6.70E−04
3
7
LNU762
0.865
5.58E−03
3
5


LNU762
0.840
9.05E−03
3
6
LNU762
0.752
3.14E−02
5
4


LNU762
0.731
3.94E−02
5
15
LNU764
0.811
1.46E−02
3
22


LNU764
0.838
9.40E−03
3
4
LNU764
0.700
5.30E−02
3
15


LNU764
0.812
7.89E−03
6
5
LNU764
0.772
1.47E−02
6
6


LNU764
0.798
3.13E−02
6
8
LNU764
0.824
2.26E−02
2
10


LNU764
0.794
3.31E−02
2
22
LNU764
0.871
1.08E−02
2
2


LNU764
0.904
5.15E−03
2
1
LNU764
0.724
1.04E−01
5
13


LNU764
0.858
6.46E−03
5
11
LNU764
0.869
1.11E−02
4
13


LNU764
0.725
2.72E−02
4
14
LNU764
0.852
1.50E−02
4
8


LNU766
0.845
3.41E−02
1
21
LNU766
0.797
1.79E−02
3
22


LNU766
0.838
9.35E−03
3
7
LNU766
0.731
3.95E−02
3
16


LNU766
0.787
2.03H-02
3
18
LNU766
0.897
2.51E−03
3
5


LNU766
0.939
5.37E−04
3
6
LNU766
0.714
4.66E−02
3
4


LNU766
0.832
1.04E−02
3
20
LNU766
0.833
5.27E−03
4
19


LNU766
0.864
2.69E−03
4
22
LNU766
0.867
2.49E−03
4
4


LNU767
0.782
6.60E−02
1
23
LNU767
0.754
8.34E−02
1
11


LNU767
0.764
7.73E−02
1
20
LNU767
0.920
1.20E−03
3
17


LNU767
0.737
2.34E−02
6
1
LNU767
0.740
5.72E−02
2
23


LNU767
0.876
9.67E−03
2
11
LNU768
0.769
7.37E−02
1
12


LNU768
0.774
2.43E−02
3
7
LNU768
0.894
6.70E−03
2
16


LNU768
0.766
4.48E−02
2
1
LNU768
0.787
1.19E−02
4
14


LNU770
0.854
3.03E−02
1
23
LNU770
0.849
7.68E−03
3
19


LNU770
0.861
6.00E−03
3
22
LNU770
0.730
6.26E−02
6
8


LNU770
0.728
6.37E−02
2
7
LNU770
0.709
7.46E−02
2
5


LNU770
0.769
4.31E−02
2
6
LNU770
0.817
2.49E−02
2
9


LNU770
0.708
7.53E−02
2
20
LNU770
0.752
1.95E−02
4
19


LNU771
0.735
9.61E−02
1
10
LNU771
0.860
1.30E−02
3
13


LNU771
0.806
1.58E−02
3
2
LNU771
0.852
7.21E−03
3
14


LNU771
0.779
2.26E−02
3
1
LNU771
0.829
2.12E−02
3
8


LNU771
0.725
2.70E−02
6
20
LNU771
0.830
2.08E−02
2
21


LNU771
0.766
4.46E−02
2
5
LNU771
0.749
5.28E−02
2
6


LNU771
0.858
1.34E−02
2
11
LNU771
0.822
2.32E−02
2
12


LNU771
0.958
2.60E−03
5
13
LNU771
0.838
9.44E−03
5
14


LNU771
0.921
1.18E−03
5
1
LNU771
0.710
3.22E−02
4
7


LNU771
0.701
3.55E−02
4
5
LNU771
0.742
2.20E−02
4
6


LNU771
0.745
2.13E−02
4
17
LNU771
0.753
1.91E−02
4
20


LNU772
0.738
9.40E−02
1
18
LNU772
0.749
3.25E−02
3
2


LNU772
0.708
3.29E−02
6
22
LNU772
0.848
3.90E−03
6
4


LNU772
0.754
3.05E−02
5
10
LNU772
0.811
1.47E−02
5
2


LNU772
0.790
1.14E−02
4
2
LNU773
0.772
2.49E−02
3
22


LNU773
0.802
1.66E−02
3
18
LNU773
0.720
6.80E−02
3
8


LNU773
0.899
5.87E−03
6
8
LNU773
0.796
3.24E−02
2
16


LNU774
0.713
1.12E−01
1
22
LNU774
0.705
1.18E−01
1
2


LNU774
0.739
2.28E−02
6
12
LNU774
0.791
1.95E−02
5
17


LNU775
0.747
3.30E−02
3
21
LNU775
0.800
1.70E−02
3
11


LNU775
0.729
4.03E−02
3
14
LNU775
0.725
6.51E−02
6
8


LNU775
0.822
2.33E−02
2
16
LNU775
0.718
4.50E−02
5
9


LNU775
0.731
3.92E−02
5
12
LNU775
0.802
9.27E−03
4
21


LNU776
0.811
5.04E−02
1
1
LNU776
0.808
1.52E−02
3
10


LNU776
0.777
2.33E−02
3
2
LNU776
0.778
3.94E−02
2
2


LNU776
0.734
6.04E−02
2
14
LNU776
0.786
3.61E−02
2
1


LNU776
0.904
8.21E−04
4
10
LNU776
0.741
2.25E−02
4
2


LNU777
0.947
3.54E−04
3
10
LNU777
0.892
2.88E−03
3
2


LNU778
0.712
4.75E−02
3
23
LNU778
0.709
3.24E−02
6
7


LNU778
0.789
1.16E−02
6
5
LNU778
0.805
8.79E−03
6
6


LNU778
0.784
3.71E−02
2
21
LNU778
0.975
9.07E−04
5
8


LNU778
0.703
3.45E−02
4
19
LNU778
0.748
2.04E−02
4
22


LNU780
0.778
6.87E−02
1
23
LNU780
0.785
3.65E−02
6
8 


LNU781
0.807
5.20E−02
1
18
LNU781
0.917
1.00E−02
1
5


LNU781
0.837
3.79E−02
1
6
LNU781
0.880
2.06E−02
1
11


LNU781
0.765
7.63E−02
1
20
LNU781
0.910
1.68E−03
3
22


LNU782
0.818
4.67E−02
1
15
LNU782
0.889
3.18E−03
3
11


LNU782
0.715
3.04E−02
6
7
LNU782
0.886
7.89E−03
2
12


LNU782
0.908
4.65E−03
2
14
LNU782
0.721
4.37E−02
5
9


LNU782
0.856
3.21E−03
4
11
LNU782
0.747
2.06E−02
4
14


LNU783
0.762
2.81E−02
3
2
LNU783
0.735
2.40E−02
6
10


LNU783
0.820
2.39E−02
2
21
LNU784
0.782
6.61E−02
1
18


LNU784
0.897
L.54E−02
1
5
LNU784
0.790
6.13E−02
1
6


LNU784
0.746
8.83E−02
1
11
LNU784
0.724
1.04E−01
1
20


LNU784
0.701
5.29E−02
3
22
LNU784
0.776
4.02E−02
3
8


LNU784
0.748
2.04E−02
6
5
LNU784
0.885
8.15E−03
6
8


LNU784
0.710
3.20E−02
4
17
LNU785
0.726
1.03E−01
1
23


LNU785
0.706
1.17E−01
1
18
LNU785
0.779
6.77E−02
1
6


LNU785
0.845
3.43E−02
1
11
LNU785
0.846
3.39E−02
1
20


LNU785
0.708
4.96E−02
3
20
LNU785
0.708
7.53E−02
2
23


LNU785
0.738
5.81E−02
2
17
LNU785
0.769
4.31E−02
4
13


LNU785
0.813
7.74E−03
4
1
LNU834
0.826
4.28E−02
1
10


LNU834
0.866
2.56E−02
1
22
LNU834
0.767
7.48E−02
1
2


LNU834
0.765
7.64E−02
1
14
LNU834
0.824
6.35E−03
6
11


LNU834
0.782
3.78E−02
2
21
LNU834
0.810
2.71E−02
2
5


LNU834
0.792
3.36E−02
2
6
LNU834
0.838
1.87E−02
2
12


LNU834
0.708
7.50E−02
2
20
LNU839
0.826
4.28E−02
1
10


LNU839
0.866
2.56E−02
1
22
LNU839
0.767
7.48E−02
1
2


LNU839
0.765
7.64E−02
1
14
LNU839
0.824
6.35E−03
6
11


LNU839
0.782
3.78E−02
2
21
LNU839
0.810
2.71E−02
2
5


LNU839
0.792
3.36E−02
2
6
LNU839
0.838
1.87E−02
2
12


LNU839
0.708
7.50E−02
2
20





Table 27. Provided are the correlations (R) between the expression levels yield improving genes and their homologs in various tissues [Expression (Exp) sets] and the phenotypic performance [yield, biomass, growth rate and/or vigor components (Correlation vector (Cor))] under drought conditions across barley varieties. P = p value.






Example 5
Production of Sorghum Transcriptom and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Yield, NUE, and ABST Related Parameters Measured in Fields Using 44K Sorguhm Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays
In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a sorghum oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem. (dot) agilent (dot) com/Scripts/PDS (dot) asp?1Page=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 44,000 sorghum genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with ABST, yield and NUE components or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 17 different sorghum hybrids were analyzed. Among them, 10 hybrids encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot) com/hyperstat/A34739 (dot) html].
Correlation of Sorghum Varieties Across Ecotypes Grown under Regular Growth Conditions, Severe Drought Conditions and Low Nitrogen Conditions
Experimental Procedures
17 Sorghum varieties were grown in 3 repetitive plots, in field. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows:
1. Regular growth conditions: sorghum plants were grown in the field using commercial fertilization and irrigation protocols (370 liter per meter, fertilization of 14 units of 21% urea per entire growth period).
2. Drought conditions: sorghum seeds were sown in soil and grown under normal condition until around 35 days from sowing, around stage V8 (eight green leaves are fully expanded, booting not started yet). At this point, irrigation was stopped, and severe drought stress was developed.
3. Low Nitrogen fertilization conditions: sorghum plants were fertilized with 50% less amount of nitrogen in the field than the amount of nitrogen applied in the regular growth treatment. All the fertilizer was applied before flowering.
Analyzed Sorghum tissues—All 10 selected Sorghum hybrids were sample per each treatment. Tissues [Flag leaf, Flower meristem and Flower] from plants growing under normal conditions, severe drought stress and low nitrogen conditions were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 28 below.







TABLE 28







Sorghum transcriptom expression sets in field experiments










Expression Set
Set ID







Sorghum field/flag leaf/Drought
1



Sorghum field/flag leaf/Low N
2



Sorghum field/flag leaf/Normal
3



Sorghum field/flower meristem/Drought
4



Sorghum field/flower meristem/Low N
5



Sorghum field/flower meristem/Normal
6



Sorghum field/flower/Drought
7



Sorghum field/flower/Low N
8



Sorghum field/flower/Normal
9







Table 28: Provided are the sorghum transcriptom expression sets.



Flag leaf = the leaf below the flower;



Flower meristem = Apical meristem following panicle initiation;



Flower = the flower at the anthesis day.






The following parameters were collected using digital imaging system:
Average Grain Area (cm2)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the Plant ‘Head’. A sample of  ̃200 grains were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The grain area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.
Average Grain Length (cm)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the Plant ‘Head’. A sample of  ̃200 grains were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain lengths (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.
Head Average Area (cm2)—At the end of the growing period 5 ‘Heads’ were, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The ‘Head’ area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ‘Heads’.
Head Average Length (cm)—At the end of the growing period 5 ‘Heads’ were, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The ‘Head’ length (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ‘Heads’.
An image processing system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37, Java based image processing software, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and is freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/. Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, image processing output data for seed area and seed length was saved to text files and analyzed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).
Additional parameters were collected either by sampling 5 plants per plot or by measuring the parameter across all the plants within the plot.
Total Seed Weight per Head (gr.)—At the end of the experiment (plant ‘Heads’) heads from plots within blocks A-C were collected. 5 heads were separately threshed and grains were weighted, all additional heads were threshed together and weighted as well. The average grain weight per head was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by number of total heads per plot (based on plot). In case of 5 heads, the total grains weight of 5 heads was divided by 5.
FW Head per Plant gram—At the end of the experiment (when heads were harvested) total heads and 5 selected heads per plots within blocks A-C were collected separately. The heads (total and 5) were weighted (gr.) separately, and the average fresh weight per plant was calculated for total (FW Head/Plant gr. based on plot) and for 5 (FW Head/Plant gr. based on 5 plants) heads.
Plant height—Plants were characterized for height during growing period at 5 time points. In each measure, plants were measured for their height using a measuring tape. Height was measured from ground level to top of the longest leaf.
Plant leaf number—Plants were characterized for leaf number during growing period at 5 time points. In each measure, plants were measured for their leaf number by counting all the leaves of 3 selected plants per plot.
Relative Growth Rate—was calculated using Formulas III (above) and VIII (above).
SPAD—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed 64 days post sowing. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot.
Vegetative dry weight and Heads—At the end of the experiment (when inflorescence were dry) all inflorescence and vegetative material from plots within blocks A-C were collected. The biomass and heads weight of each plot was separated, measured and divided by the number of heads.
Dry weight=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours;
Harvest Index (HI) (Sorghum)—The harvest index was calculated using Formula XVI above.
FW Heads/(FW Heads+FW Plants)—The total fresh weight of heads and their respective plant biomass was measured at the harvest day. The heads weight was divided by the sum of weights of heads and plants.
Experimental Results
17 different sorghum hybrids were grown and characterized for different parameters (Table 29). The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software (Tables 30-35) and a subsequent correlation analysis was performed (Table 36). Results were then integrated to the database.







TABLE 29







Sorghum correlated parameters (vectors)








Correlation 



ID
Correlated parameter with











1
Average Grain Area (cm2), Drought


2
Average Grain Area (cm2), Low N


3
Average Grain Area (cm2), Normal


4
FW-Head/Plant gr (based on plot), Drought


5
FW-Head/Plant gr (based on plot), Low N


6
FW-Head/Plant gr (based on plot), Normal


7
FW-Head/Plant gr (based on 5 plants), Low N


8
FW-Head/Plant gr (based on 5 plants), Normal


9
FW Heads/(FW Heads + FW Plants)(all plot), Drought


10
FW Heads/(FW Heads + FW Plants)(all plot), Low N


11
FW Heads/(FW Heads + FW Plants)(all plot), Normal


12
FW/Plant gr (based on plot), Drought


13
FW/Plant gr (based on plot), Low N


14
FW/Plant gr (based on plot), Normal


15
Final Plant Height (cm), Drought


16
Final Plant Height (cm), Low N


17
Final Plant Height (cm), Normal


18
Head Average Area (cm2), Drought


19
Head Average Area (cm2), Low N


20
Head Average Area (cm2), Normal


21
Head Average Length (cm), Drought


22
Head Average Length (cm), Low N


23
Head Average Length (cm), Normal


24
Head Average Perimeter (cm), Drought


25
Head Average Perimeter (cm), Low N


26
Head Average Perimeter (cm), Normal


27
Head Average Width (cm), Drought


28
Head Average Width (cm), Low N


29
Head Average Width (cm), Normal


30
Leaf SPAD 64 DPS (Days Post Sowing), Drought


31
Leaf SPAD 64 DPS (Days Post Sowing), Low N


32
Leaf SPAD 64 DPS (Days Post Sowing), Normal


33
Lower Ratio Average Grain Area, Low N


34
Lower Ratio Average Grain Area, Normal


35
Lower Ratio Average Grain Length, Low N


36
Lower Ratio Average Grain Length, Normal


37
Lower Ratio Average Grain Perimeter, Low N


38
Lower Ratio Average Grain Perimeter, Normal


39
Lower Ratio Average Grain Width, Low N


40
Lower Ratio Average Grain Width, Normal


41
Total grain weight/Head (based on plot) gr, Low N


42
Total grain weight/Head gr (based on 5 heads), Low N


43
Total grain weight/Head gr (based on 5 heads), Normal


44
Total grain weight/Head gr (based on plot), Normal


45
Total grain weight/Head gr (based on plot) Drought


46
Upper Ratio Average Grain Area, Drought


47
Upper Ratio Average Grain Area, Low N


48
Upper Ratio Average Grain Area, Normal


49
[Grain Yield + plant biomass/SPAD 64 DPS], Normal


50
[Grain Yield + plant biomass/SPAD 64 DPS], Low N


51
[Grain yield/SPAD 64 DPS], Low N


52
[Grain yield/SPAD 64 DPS], Normal


53
[Plant biomass (FW)/SPAD 64 DPS], Drought


54
[Plant biomass (FW)/SPAD 64 DPS], Low N


55
[Plant biomass (FW)/SPAD 64 DPS], Normal





Table 29. Provided are the Sorghum correlated parameters (vectors).


“gr.” = grams;


“SPAD” = chlorophyll levels;


“FW” = Plant Fresh weight;


“DW” = Plant Dry weight;


“normal” = standard growth conditions;


“DPS” = days post-sowing;


“Low N” = Low Nitrogen.


FW-Head/Plant gr. (based on 5 plants), fresh weigh of the harvested heads was divided by the number of heads that were phenotyped, Low N-low nitrogen conditions: Lower Ratio Average Grain Area grain area of the lower fraction of grains.













TABLE 30







Measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under normal conditions

















Seed ID/Cor. ID
3
6
8
11
14
17
20
23
26
29




















Line-1
0.11
175.15
406.50
0.51
162.56
95.25
120.14
25.58
61.22
5.97


Line-2
0.11
223.49
518.00
0.51
212.59
79.20
167.60
26.84
67.90
7.92


Line-3
0.13
56.40
148.00
0.12
334.83
197.85
85.14
21.02
56.26
4.87


Line-4
0.13
111.62
423.00
0.26
313.46
234.20
157.26
26.84
65.38
7.43


Line-5
0.14
67.34
92.00
0.12
462.28
189.40
104.00
23.14
67.46
5.59


Line-6
0.14
66.90
101.33
0.18
318.26
194.67
102.48
21.82
67.46
5.88


Line-7
0.11
126.18
423.50
0.46
151.14
117.25
168.54
31.33
74.35
6.78


Line-8
0.11
107.74
386.50
0.43
137.60
92.80
109.32
23.18
56.16
5.99


Line-9
0.10
123.86
409.50
0.43
167.98
112.65
135.13
25.70
61.64
6.62


Line-10
0.12
102.75
328.95
0.44
128.97
97.50
169.03
28.82
71.41
7.42


Line-11
0.12
82.33
391.00
0.46
97.62
98.00
156.10
28.13
68.57
6.99


Line-12
0.11
77.59
435.75
0.45
99.32
100.00
112.14
22.97
56.44
6.19


Line-13
0.12
91.17
429.50
0.45
112.24
105.60
154.74
28.09
67.79
7.02


Line-14
0.11
150.45
441.00
0.51
157.42
151.15
171.70
30.00
71.55
7.18


Line-15
0.11
109.10
415.75
0.46
130.55
117.10
168.51
30.54
78.94
7.00


Line-16
0.11
107.58
429.50
0.44
135.66
124.45
162.51
27.17
67.03
7.39





Table 30: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 31







Additional measured parameters in Sorghum 


accessions under normal conditions


















Seed













ID/ 













Cor.













ID
32
34
36
38
40
43
44
48
49
52
55





















Line-1 
43.01
0.83
0.91 
0.91
0.91
47.40 
31.12
1.22
4.50
3.78
0.72


Line-2

0.74 
0.88
0.87
0.83
46.30
26.35
1.30
8.17
7.74
0.43


Line-3 
43.26
0.78
0.92 
0.91
0.85
28.37
18.72 
1.13
7.87 
7.01
0.86


Line-4 
44.74
0.80 
0.91
0.95 
0.87
70.40
38.38 
1.14 
10.68
10.10
0.58


Line-5 
45.76
0.70 
0.89
0.90 
0.79
32.15
26.67
1.16
8.34
7.65
0.69


Line-6 
41.61
0.70
0.88
0.92
0.80
49.23
28.85
1.15
4.40
3.34
1.05


Line-7 
45.21
0.83
0.91
0.91
0.90 
63.45
47.67
1.19 
3.74
3.05
0.69


Line-8 
45.14
0.81
0.90 
0.91
0.89
44.45
31.00
1.24
4.83
3.90
0.93


Line-9 
43.03
0.84
0.92
0.92
0.92
56.65 
39.99 
1.25
3.67
2.83
0.84


Line-10 
45.59
0.79
0.92
0.93
0.85
60.00
38.36
1.24 
2.89
2.18
0.72


Line-11 
44.83
0.77
0.89
0.91
0.86
45.45
32.10
1.32
2.91
2.19
0.72


Line-12 
45.33
0.80 
0.91
0.92
0.89 
58.19
32.69
1.22
3.12
2.41
0.71


Line-13 
46.54
0.81
0.91
0.90
0.90
70.60
32.79
1.18
4.75
3.58
1.17


Line-14 
43.99
0.82
0.91
0.91
0.91
70.10
51.53
1.18
3.69
2.90
0.79


Line-15 
45.09
0.81
0.90
0.91
0.91
53.95
35.71
1.22
3.85
3.01
0.85


Line-16 
45.14
0.82
0.90
0.91
0.90
59.87
38.31
1.25
5.84
4.85
0.98





Table 31: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 32







Measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under Low nitrogen conditions


















Seed













ID/Cor. ID
2
5
7
10
13
16
19
22
25
28
31





















Line-1
0.11
214.78
388.00
0.51
204.78
104.00
96.24
23.22
56.32
5.26
38.33


Line-2
0.11
205.05
428.67
0.51
199.64
80.93
214.72
25.58
79.20
10.41
38.98


Line-3
0.14
73.49
297.67
0.17
340.51
204.73
98.59
20.93
53.25
5.93
42.33


Line-4
0.12
122.96
280.00
0.39
240.60
125.40
182.83
28.43
76.21
8.25
40.90


Line-5
0.14
153.07
208.33
0.21
537.78
225.40
119.64
24.32
67.27
6.19
43.15


Line-6
0.13
93.23
303.67
0.19
359.40
208.07
110.19
22.64
59.49
6.12
39.85


Line-7
0.12
134.11
436.00
0.48
149.20
121.40
172.36
32.11
79.28
6.81
42.68


Line-8
0.12
77.44
376.33
0.38
129.06
100.27
84.81
20.38
51.52
5.25
43.31


Line-9
0.12
129.63
474.67
0.42
178.71
121.13
156.25
26.69
69.89
7.52
39.01


Line-10
0.13
99.83
437.67
0.44
124.27
94.53
136.71
26.31
66.18
6.59
42.71


Line-11
0.13
76.95
383.00
0.43
101.33
110.00
137.70
25.43
67.37
6.85
40.08


Line-12
0.12
84.25
375.00
0.39
132.12
115.07
96.54
23.11
57.90
5.32
43.98


Line-13
0.12
92.24
425.00
0.44
117.90
104.73
158.19
27.87
70.61
7.25
45.44


Line-14
0.12
138.83
434.00
0.44
176.99
173.67
163.95
28.88
73.76
7.19
44.75


Line-15
0.11
113.32
408.67
0.44
143.67
115.60
138.39
27.64
66.87
6.28
42.85


Line-16
0.12
95.50
378.50
0.43
126.98
138.80
135.46
25.52
65.40
6.57
43.81





Table 32: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under low nitrogen conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 33







Additional measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under low nitrogen growth conditions 

















Seed ID/Cor. ID
33
35
37
39
41
42
47
50
51
54




















Line-1
0.82
0.91
0.90
0.90
25.95
50.27
1.19 
6.02
0.68
5.34


Line-2
0.77
0.90
0.88 
0.85
30.57
50.93
1.31 
5.91 
0.78
5.12


Line-3
0.81
0.92
0.92 
0.89
19.37
36.13
1.11
8.50 
0.46
8.05


Line-4
0.79
0.90
0.90 
0.88
35.62
73.10
1.22 
6.75 
0.87
5.88


Line-5
0.78
0.91
0.92 
0.86
25.18
37.87
1.19 
13.05
0.58
12.46


Line-6
0.80
0.93
0.92 
0.87
22.18
36.40
1.18 
9.58
0.56
9.02


Line-7
0.83
0.92
0.92 
0.91
49.96
71.67
1.16 
4.67 
1.17
3.50


Line-8
0.79
0.89
0.89
0.89
27.48
35.00
1.23 
3.61
0.63
2.98


Line-9
0.81
0.90
0.90
0.90
51.12
76.73
1.17 
5.89 
1.31
4.58


Line-10
0.77
0.91
0.91 
0.86
36.84
57.58
1.22
3.77 
0.86
2.91


Line-11
0.74
0.89
0.90 
0.84
29.45
42.93
1.24 
3.26 
0.74
2.53


Line-12
0.80
0.90
0.90 
0.90
26.70
36.47
1.19 
3.61
0.61
3.00


Line-13
0.79
0.89
0.90 
0.89
29.43
68.60
1.23 
3.24
0.65
2.60


Line-14
0.82
0.91
0.91 
0.91
51.12
71.80
1.16 
5.10 
1.14
3.96


Line-15
0.80
0.89
0.89 
0.90
37.04
49.27
1.34 
4.25
0.87
3.38


Line-16
0.81
0.89
0.90 
0.90
39.85
43.87
1.21 
3.81
0.91
2.90


Line-17
0.81
0.90
0.90 
0.90
41.78
52.07
1.21
4.76 
0.89
3.86





Table 33: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under low nitrogen conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 34







Measured parameters in Sorghum accessions under drought conditions

















Seed ID/Cor. ID
1
4
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30




















Line-1
0.10
154.90
0.42
207.99
89.40
83.14
21.63
52.78
4.83
40.58


Line-2
0.12
122.02
0.47
138.02
75.73
107.79
21.94
64.49
6.31
40.88


Line-3
0.11
130.51
0.42
255.41
92.10
88.68
21.75
56.59
5.16
45.01


Line-4
0.09
241.11
0.37
402.22
94.30
135.91
22.01
64.37
7.78
42.30


Line-5
0.09
69.03
0.23
233.55
150.08
90.77
20.99
53.21
5.28
45.24


Line-6
0.11
186.41
0.31
391.75
110.73
123.95
28.60
71.66
5.49
40.56


Line-7

62.11
0.41
89.31
99.20
86.06
21.35
55.61
5.04
44.80


Line-8

39.02
0.44
50.61
84.00
85.20
20.81
52.96
5.07
45.07


Line-9

58.94
0.40
87.02
99.00
113.10
24.69
69.83
5.77
40.65


Line-10

76.37
0.44
120.43
92.20
100.79
24.82
65.15
5.37
45.43


Line-11

33.47
0.47
37.21
81.93
80.41
21.95
55.27
4.66
42.58


Line-12

42.20
0.47
48.18
98.80
126.89
24.98
69.06
6.35
44.18


Line-13

41.53
0.48
44.20
86.47
86.41
19.49
53.32
5.58
44.60


Line-14

131.67
0.35
231.60
99.60
92.29
20.42
56.29
5.76
42.41


Line-15

60.84
0.35
116.01
83.00
77.89
16.81
49.12
5.86
43.25


Line-16

44.33
0.23
123.09
83.53
76.93
18.88
51.88
5.10
40.30


Line-17

185.44
0.33
342.50
92.30




40.75





Table 34: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under drought conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 35







Additional Measured parameters in Sorghum 


accessions under drought conditions












Seed ID/






Correlation ID
45
46
53
















Line-1
22.114
1.305
5.126



Line-2
16.770
1.190
3.376



Line-3
9.189
1.285
5.674



Line-4
104.444
1.459
9.509



Line-5
3.235
1.206
5.163



Line-6
21.997 
1.214
9.658



Line-7
9.975

1.993



Line-8
18.579

1.123



Line-9
29.271

2.141



Line-10
10.453

2.651



Line-11
14.765

0.874



Line-12
12.861

1.091



Line-13
18.237

0.991



Line-14
11.602

5.461



Line-15
18.647

2.682



Line-16
16.356

3.054



Line-17


8.405







Table 35: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under drought conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 36







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention


in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal or abiotic stress conditions


across Sorghum accessions




















Cor.




Cor.


Gene Name
R
P value
Exp.set
Set ID
Gene Name
R
P value
Exp.set
Set ID



















LNU856 
0.849
3.76E−03
1
18
LNU856 
0.827
5.96E−03
1
27


LNU856 
0.830
5.57E−03
1
24
LNU857
0.748
2.04E−02
9
55


LNU858 
0.841
2.31E−03
6
36
LNU858 
0.781
7.71E−03
6
34


LNU858
0.741
1.41E−02
2
41
LNU858 
0.721
1.85E−02
2
51


LNU858 
0.788
6.74E−03
2
16
LNU858 
0.736
1.53E−02
3
11


LNU858 
0.826
3.23E−03
3
6
LNU858 
0.711
2.10E−02
3
8


LNU859 
0.717
1.97E−02
6
55
LNU859 
0.829
3.04E−03
9
17


LNU859 
0.713
2.07E−02
9
40
LNU859 
0.736
1.52E−02
9
23


LNU859 
0.819
3.78E−03
9
44
LNU859 
0.785
7.10E−03
9
43


LNU859 
0.706
2.26E−02
9
34
LNU859 
0.764
1.00E−02
2
41


LNU859 
0.782
7.47E−03
2
16
LNU859 
0.717
1.97E−02
8
42


LNU860 
0.789
6.70E−03
6
17
LNU860 
0.706
2.24E−02
6
44


LNU860 
0.773
8.80E−03
2
41
LNU860 
0.711
2.11E−02
2
22


LNU860 
0.891
5.43E−04
2
42
LNU860 
0.757
1.13E−02
2
51


LNU860 
0.760
1.07E−02
2
37
LNU860 
0.877
8.51E−04
4
53


LNU860 
0.854
1.65E−03
4
4
LNU860 
0.878
8.41E−04
4
12


LNU860
0.728
1.69E−02
5
41
LNU860 
0.845
2.10E−03
5
16


LNU860 
0.713
3.09E−02
7
18
LNU860 
0.723
1.81E−02
1
53


LNU860 
0.726
1.74E−02
1
12
LNU861 
0.835
2.63E−03
6
17


LNU861 
0.707
2.22E−02
6
44
LNU861 
0.794
6.15E−03
2
16


LNU861 
0.792
6.35E−03
4
53
LNU861 
0.802
5.22E−03
4
4


LNU861 
0.790
6.53E−03
4
12
LNU861 
0.871
2.26E−03
3
52


LNU861 
0.874
2.05E−03
3
49
LNU861 
0.892
5.26E−04
1
53


LNU861 
0.890
5.56E−04
1
4
LNU861 
0.879
8.08E−04
1
12


LNU862 
0.716
1.98E−02
6
40
LNU862 
0.767
9.63E−03
4
53


LNU862 
0.767
9.58E−03
4
12
LNU862 
0.726
2.69E−02
3
55


LNU862 
0.797
5.81E−03
3
43
LNU862 
0.753
1.20E−02
1
15


LNU863 
0.857
3.15E−03
9
55
LNU863 
0.758
1.11E−02
2
16


LNU863 
0.878
8.46E−04
5
31
LNU863 
0.776
8.30E−03
7
53


LNU863 
0.751
1.22E−02
7
4
LNU863 
0.770
9.20E−03
7
12


LNU864 
0.816
3.97E−03
2
16
LNU864 
0.700
2.42E−02
3
29


LNU864 
0.729
1.67E−02
3
14
LNU864 
0.736
1.53E−02
7
4


LNU864 
0.708
2.20E−02
7
12
LNU865 
0.719
1.90E−02
6
44


LNU865 
0.740
1.43E−02
9
11
LNU865 
0.754
1.17E−02
2
10


LNU865 
0.742
1.40E−02
5
13
LNU865 
0.774
8.53E−03
3
8


LNU866 
0.752
1.22E−02
2
41
LNU866 
0.844
2.13E−03
2
16


LNU866 
0.848
3.91E−03
3
52
LNU866 
0.746
1.32E−02
3
11


LNU866 
0.868
1.13E−03
3
6
LNU866 
0.805
8.85E−03
3
49


LNU866 
0.734
1.56E−02
1
4
LNU867 
0.719
1.92E−02
6
3


LNU867 
0.704
2.31E−02
3
6
LNU868 
0.916
2.00E−04
6
48


LNU868 
0.804
5.04E−03
2
16
LNU868 
0.821
3.59E−03
3
17


LNU868 
0.819
3.75E−03
3
44
LNU869 
0.719
1.90E−02
2
2


LNU869 
0.790
6.49E−03
5
2
LNU870 
0.906
3.04E−04
4
53


LNU870 
0.829
3.00E−03
4
4
LNU870 
0.912
2.33E−04
4
12


LNU870 
0.723
1.82E−02
1
53
LNU870 
0.733
1.58E−02
1
12


LNU871 
0.752
1.22E−02
6
17
LNU871 
0.720
1.89E−02
4
53


LNU871 
0.709
2.16E−02
4
4
LNU871 
0.735
1.53E−02
4
12


LNU871 
0.747
1.30E−02
7
9
LNU871 
0.717
2.98E−02
1
21


LNU872 
0.714
2.05E−02
4
53
LNU872 
0.710
2.13E−02
4
12


LNU872 
0.735
1.55E−02
5
41
LNU872 
0.743
2.19E−02
7
18


LNU873 
0.732
1.61E−02
9
44
LNU873
0.848
1.95E−03
8
35


LNU873 
0.768
1.56E−02
3
55
LNU874 
0.715
2.02E−02
2
22


LNU874 
0.855
1.60E−03
2
42
LNU874 
0.727
1.72E−02
4
53


LNU874 
0.710
2.15E−02
4
4
LNU874 
0.736
1.53E−02
4
12


LNU874 
0.724
1.79E−02
5
54
LNU874 
0.777
8.13E−03
5
13


LNU875 
0.839
2.41E−03
6
3
LNU876 
0.793
6.15E−03
6
17


LNU876 
0.705
3.38E−02
4
27
LNU876 
0.867
1.17E−03
4
53


LNU876 
0.809
4.56E−03
4
4
LNU876 
0.866
1.21E−03
4
12


LNU876 
0.780
7.72E−03
5
5
LNU876 
0.731
1.62E−02
5
7


LNU876 
0.830
2.95E−03
5
50
LNU876 
0.776
8.26E−03
5
54


LNU876 
0.842
2.24E−03
5
13
LNU876 
0.793
1.07E−02
3
52


LNU876 
0.784
1.24E−02
3
49
LNU876 
0.894
4.83E−04
3
8


LNU878 
0.718
1.94E−02
6
11
LNU878 
0.725
1.76E−02
6
49


LNU878 
0.778
8.03E−03
2
16
LNU879 
0.756
1.15E−02
6
11


LNU879 
0.707
2.21E−02
6
6
LNU879 
0.704
2.32E−02
6
14


LNU879 
0.771
9.10E−03
2
28
LNU879
0.913
2.22E−04
4
53


LNU879 
0.820
3.70E−03
4
4
LNU879
0.916
1.99E−04
4
12


LNU879 
0.717
1.97E−02
5
5
LNU879 
0.773
8.76E−03
5
50


LNU879 
0.734
1.56E−02
5
54
LNU879 
0.849
1.89E−03
5
13


LNU880 
0.718
1.93E−02
2
47
LNU881 
0.789
6.64E−03
2
41


LNU881 
0.730
1.66E−02
2
51
LNU881 
0.755
1.17E−02
2
37


LNU881 
0.931
8.91E−05
2
16
LNU882 
0.785
1.22E−02
3
52


LNU902 
0.886
6.47E−04
6
17
LNU902 
0.856
1.59E−03
6
44


LNU903 
0.714
2.04E−02
6
3
LNU903 
0.785
7.13E−03
2
7


LNU903 
0.738
1.48E−02
2
19
LNU903 
0.829
3.05E−03
2
22


LNU903 
0.786
7.04E−03
2
42
LNU903 
0.840
2.36E−03
2
25


LNU904
0.738
1.48E−02
6
52
LNU904
0.731
1.64E−02
6
14


LNU904 
0.751
1.24E−02
6
49
LNU904 
0.765
9.94E−03
4
53


LNU904 
0.718
1.94E−02
4
4
LNU904 
0.767
9.63E−03
4
12


LNU904 
0.732
1.61E−02
5
10
LNU905 
0.710
2.14E−02
2
47


LNU905 
0.872
2.17E−03
4
45
LNU905 
0.800
5.42E−03
4
53


LNU905 
0.854
1.65E−03
4
4
LNU905 
0.785
7.10E−03
4
12


LNU905
0.714
2.04E−02
8
5
LNU905 
0.725
1.76E−02
5
54


LNU905
0.761
1.06E−02
5
13
LNU905 
0.822
6.54E−03
7
45


LNU905 
0.720
2.86E−02
1
45
LNU906 
0.749
1.26E−02
6
17


LNU906 
0.778
8.04E−03
6
40
LNU906 
0.832
2.85E−03
6
44


LNU906 
0.805
4.95E−03
6
34
LNU906 
0.745
1.35E−02
2
41


LNU906 
0.855
1.63E−03
2
16
LNU906 
0.939
5.71E−05
4
53


LNU906 
0.868
1.12E−03
4
4
LNU906 
0.943
4.37E−05
4
12


LNU907 
0.700
2.42E−02
6
29
LNU907 
0.829
3.00E−03
6
52


LNU907 
0.825
3.28E−03
6
49
LNU907 
0.790
6.50E−03
6
8


LNU907 
0.791
6.44E−03
8
33
LNU907 
0.706
2.26E−02
8
39


LNU907 
0.836
2.59E−03
8
35
LNU907 
0.746
1.32E−02
8
37


LNU908 
0.701
2.41E−02
2
5
LNU908 
0.725
1.77E−02
1
4


LNU909 
0.805
4.99E−03
2
41
LNU909 
0.745
1.34E−02
2
51


LNU909 
0.920
1.66E−04
2
16
LNU909 
0.789
1.14E−02
4
45


LNU909 
0.822
3.51E−03
3
11
LNU909 
0.771
9.03E−03
3
6


LNU910 
0.761
1.05E−02
6
17
LNU910 
0.743
1.37E−02
6
44


LNU910 
0.743
1.38E−02
5
41
LNU910 
0.732
1.62E−02
5
51


LNU910 
0.767
9.66E−03
5
16
LNU910 
0.761
1.71E−02
3
52


LNU910 
0.781
1.30E−02
3
49
LNU910 
0.763
1.02E−02
1
53


LNU910
0.761
1.05E−02
1
4
LNU910 
0.768
9.45E−03
1
12


LNU911 
0.716
1.99E−02
6
11
LNU911 
0.774
8.56E−03
8
10


LNU911 
0.708
2.18E−02
5
41
LNU911 
0.712
2.09E−02
5
51


LNU911 
0.733
1.59E−02
3
6
LNU911 
0.760
1.08E−02
7
30


LNU912 
0.773
8.74E−03
9
17
LNU912 
0.706
2.25E−02
9
44


LNU912 
0.710
2.15E−02
9
43
LNU912 
0.712
2.08E−02
2
47


LNU912 
0.702
3.48E−02
4
18
LNU912 
0.717
1.96E−02
7
15


LNU912 
0.902
3.58E−04
1
30
LNU913 
0.713
2.06E−02
2
31


LNU913 
0.705
2.29E−02
2
22
LNU913 
0.726
1.75E−02
2
37


LNU913 
0.760
1.08E−02
3
17
LNU913 
0.746
1.33E−02
3
40


LNU913 
0.821
3.63E−03
3
44
LNU913 
0.803
5.19E−03
3
36


LNU913 
0.777
8.20E−03
3
34
LNU914 
0.713
2.07E−02
6
40


LNU914 
0.759
1.09E−02
6
34
LNU914 
0.716
1.98E−02
9
8


LNU914 
0.707
2.22E−02
5
51
LNU916 
0.753
1.92E−02
1
21


LNU917 
0.750
1.25E−02
6
17
LNU917 
0.728
1.70E−02
6
44


LNU917 
0.900
3.94E−04
4
53
LNU917
0.794
6.13E−03
4
4


LNU917 
0.904
3.29E−04
4
12
LNU917 
0.959
4.46E−05
3
52


LNU917 
0.830
2.97E−03
3
6
LNU917 
0.925
3.50E−04
3
49


LNU917 
0.804
5.09E−03
3
8
LNU917
0.728
2.62E−02
1
18


LNU918 
0.837
2.54E−03
9
17
LNU918 
0.757
1.13E−02
8
16


LNU918 
0.748
1.29E−02
3
44
LNU919 
0.791
6.48E−03
9
17


LNU919 
0.756
1.14E−02
9
40
LNU919 
0.758
1.11E−02
9
44


LNU919
0.758
1.10E−02
9
43
LNU919 
0.709
2.16E−02
9
34


LNU919 
0.896
4.55E−04
2
41
LNU919 
0.733
1.59E−02
2
22


LNU919 
0.736
1.52E−02
2
42
LNU919 
0.836
2.56E−03
2
51


LNU919 
0.780
7.74E−03
2
37
LNU919 
0.769
9.37E−03
2
16


LNU919 
0.870
1.05E−03
8
35
LNU919 
0.708
2.19E−02
3
17


LNU920 
0.728
1.71E−02
6
14
LNU920 
0.727
1.72E−02
6
49


LNU920 
0.790
1.12E−02
4
45
LNU921 
0.701
2.40E−02
6
17


LNU921
0.876
8.95E−04
4
53
LNU921 
0.804
5.05E−03
4
4


LNU921 
0.867
1.16E−03
4
12
LNU922 
0.819
3.73E−03
6
3


LNU922 
0.740
1.44E−02
2
37
LNU922 
0.796
5.83E−03
2
16


LNU922 
0.779
7.87E−03
5
2
LNU922 
0.701
2.39E−02
3
20


LNU922 
0.820
6.77E−03
1
18
LNU922 
0.864
2.66E−03
1
24


LNU922 
0.886
1.47E−03
1
21
LNU923 
0.785
7.10E−03
6
48


LNU923 
0.734
1.56E−02
5
2
LNU923 
0.897
4.27E−04
3
17


LNU923 
0.714
2.03E−02
3
44
LNU924 
0.824
3.39E−03
9
17


LNU924 
0.746
1.32E−02
9
23
LNU924 
0.734
1.56E−02
9
44


LNU924 
0.803
5.20E−03
4
53
LNU924 
0.820
3.66E−03
4
4


LNU924 
0.808
4.66E−03
4
12
LNU924 
0.702
2.36E−02
8
33


LNU924
0.723
1.81E−02
8
35
LNU925 
0.715
2.00E−02
6
11


LNU925 
0.737
1.49E−02
6
6
LNU925 
0.701
2.38E−02
6
14


LNU925 
0.782
7.53E−03
2
5
LNU925
0.716
1.98E−02
2
50


LNU925 
0.737
1.51E−02
2
54
LNU925 
0.765
9.87E−03
2
41


LNU925 
0.710
2.14E−02
2
10
LNU925 
0.785
7.18E−03
2
28


LNU925 
0.717
1.95E−02
2
13
LNU925 
0.752
1.22E−02
2
51


LNU925 
0.761
1.05E−02
2
37
LNU925 
0.734
1.56E−02
4
53


LNU925 
0.751
1.22E−02
4
12
LNU925 
0.824
3.40E−03
8
41


LNU925 
0.787
6.84E−03
8
51
LNU925 
0.770
9.16E−03
8
37


LNU925 
0.814
4.16E−03
8
16
LNU925 
0.825
6.15E−03
3
52


LNU925
0.711
2.13E−02
3
6
LNU925 
0.762
1.71E−0
3
49


LNU925 
0.817
3.91E−03
3
8
LNU926 
0.823
3.43E−03
6
17


LNU926 
0.706
2.26E−02
6
43
LNU926 
0.778
8.05E−03
8
2


LNU926 
0.715
2.02E−02
7
30
LNU928 
0.840
4.57E−03
4
45


LNU928 
0.733
2.47E−02
3
52
LNU928 
0.793
1.08E−02
3
49


LNU928 
0.712
3.13E−02
7
45
LNU928
0.855
1.60E−03
1
15


LNU930 
0.754
1.18E−02
9
11
LNU930 
0.748
1.28E−02
2
41


LNU930 
0.714
2.03E−02
2
35
LNU930 
0.757
1.13E−02
2
42


LNU930 
0.748
1.29E−02
2
51
LNU930 
0.733
1.60E−02
2
37


LNU930 
0.702
2.35E−02
2
16
LNU930 
0.774
1.45E−02
3
52


LNU930 
0.767
1.59E−02
3
49
LNU931 
0.834
2.72E−03
6
3


LNU931 
0.797
5.77E−03
8
41
LNU931 
0.795
5.99E−03
8
35


LNU931 
0.836
2.60E−03
8
42
LNU931 
0.836
2.60E−03
8
51


LNU931
0.859
1.44E−03
8
37
LNU931
0.709
2.16E−02
5
2


LNU932 
0.829
5.69E−03
3
55
LNU932 
0.703
3.47E−02
7
18


LNU932 
0.799
9.81E−03
7
27
LNU932 
0.729
2.58E−02
7
24


LNU933 
0.771
9.00E−03
5
2
LNU933 
0.778
8.03E−03
1
30


LNU934 
0.834
2.71E−03
6
48
LNU934 
0.868
1.13E−03
9
43


LNU934 
0.711
2.10E−02
2
41
LNU934 
0.755
1.16E−02
2
51


LNU934 
0.757
1.12E−02
2
37
LNU934 
0.716
1.98E−02
3
17


LNU934 
0.897
4.31E−04
3
44
LNU935 
0.739
1.46E−02
6
17


LNU935 
0.781
7.62E−03
9
17
LNU935 
0.765
1.62E−02
3
55


LNU935 
0.927
3.22E−04
1
18
LNU935 
0.815
7.47E−03
1
27


LNU935 
0.871
2.21E−03
1
24
LNU935 
0.735
2.42E−02
1
21


LNU936 
0.739
1.46E−02
6
36
LNU936 
0.735
1.55E−02
6
34


LNU936 
0.786
7.01E−03
2
42
LNU936 
0.734
1.56E−02
8
16


LNU938 
0.743
1.39E−02
9
17
LNU938 
0.847
2.00E−03
9
44


LNU938 
0.836
2.57E−03
4
30
LNU939 
0.830
2.95E−03
4
53


LNU939 
0.777
8.25E−03
4
4
LNU939 
0.830
2.98E−03
4
12


LNU939 
0.821
3.56E−03
5
5
LNU939 
0.821
3.60E−03
5
50


LNU939 
0.869
1.11E−03
5
54
LNU939 
0.900
3.91E−04
5
13


LNU939 
0.954
6.53E−05
7
18
LNU939 
0.894
1.15E−03
7
27


LNU939 
0.904
8.15E−04
7
24
LNU940 
0.784
7.31E−03
6
6


LNU940 
0.762
1.04E−02
6
40
LNU940 
0.748
1.29E−02
6
14


LNU940 
0.730
1.64E−02
6
34
LNU940 
0.718
2.95E−02
9
52


LNU940 
0.841
2.28E−03
9
6
LNU940 
0.715
2.02E−02
9
14


LNU940 
0.713
2.05E−02
5
5
LNU940 
0.721
1.86E−02
5
54


LNU940 
0.767
9.62E−03
5
13
LNU941 
0.893
5.02E−04
2
41


LNU941 
0.753
1.20E−02
2
22
LNU941
0.741
1.42E−02
2
35


LNU941 
0.721
1.87E−02
2
42
LNU941 
0.891
5.44E−04
2
51


LNU941 
0.824
3.37E−03
2
37
LNU941
0.857
1.52E−03
3
6


LNU942 
0.716
1.99E−02
9
17
LNU942 
0.786
6.97E−03
2
41


LNU942 
0.737
1.50E−02
2
22
LNU942 
0.740
1.43E−02
2
51


LNU942 
0.839
2.43E−03
4
53
LNU942 
0.829
3.01E−03
4
4


LNU942 
0.846
2.01E−03
4
12
LNU942 
0.895
4.67E−04
8
31


LNU942 
0.885
1.52E−03
3
52
LNU942 
0.884
1.56E−03
3
49


LNU942 
0.771
9.09E−03
1
53
LNU942 
0.792
6.32E−03
1
4


LNU942 
0.761
1.06E−02
1
12
LNU943 
0.720
1.88E−02
6
17


LNU943 
0.766
9.80E−03
5
19
LNU943 
0.773
8.75E−03
5
28


LNU943 
0.701
2.38E−02
5
13
LNU944 
0.803
5.12E−03
6
26


LNU944 
0.861
1.38E−03
6
20
LNU944 
0.805
4.92E−03
6
23


LNU944 
0.718
1.95E−02
6
44
LNU944 
0.804
5.03E−03
2
28


LNU944 
0.750
1.25E−02
8
47
LNU944 
0.795
1.05E−02
3
52


LNU944 
0.747
2.08E−02
3
49
LNU944 
0.752
1.22E−02
3
8


LNU945 
0.703
2.34E−02
6
14
LNU945 
0.813
4.27E−03
2
47


LNU945 
0.805
4.92E−03
8
35
LNU946 
0.791
6.43E−03
6
17


LNU946 
0.795
5.99E−03
6
44
LNU946 
0.898
4.26E−04
5
16


LNU946 
0.745
1.34E−02
3
23
LNU946 
0.867
2.49E−03
7
18


LNU946 
0.899
9.92E−04
7
27
LNU946 
0.796
1.02E−02
7
24


LNU947 
0.736
1.52E−02
9
40
LNU947 
0.741
1.41E−02
9
34


LNU947 
0.717
1.96E−02
1
53
LNU947 
0.847
1.98E−03
1
4


LNU947 
0.705
2.29E−02
1
12
LNU948 
0.780
7.76E−03
6
48


LNU948 
0.710
2.15E−02
6
3
LNU948 
0.705
2.27E−02
1
30


LNU949 
0.751
1.23E−02
6
52
LNU949 
0.800
5.48E−03
6
11


LNU949 
0.834
2.72E−03
6
6
LNU949 
0.736
1.52E−02
6
14


LNU949 
0.758
1.11E−02
6
49
LNU949 
0.730
1.66E−02
2
47


LNU949 
0.764
1.01E−02
4
53
LNU949 
0.843
2.17E−03
4
4


LNU949 
0.756
1.14E−02
4
12
LNU949 
0.795
6.00E−03
5
5


LNU949 
0.805
4.96E−03
5
50
LNU949 
0.780
7.77E−03
5
54


LNU949 
0.799
5.56E−03
5
13
LNU949 
0.758
1.11E−02
3
8


LNU950 
0.739
1.47E−02
6
3
LNU951 
0.744
1.37E−02
2
13


LNU952 
0.838
4.78E−03
3
52
LNU952 
0.870
1.07E−03
3
6


LNU952 
0.776
1.39E−02
3
49
LNU952 
0.796
5.90E−03
3
8


LNU952 
0.785
1.21E−02
1
45
LNU952 
0.786
7.02E−03
1
53


LNU952 
0.728
1.70E−02
1
4
LNU952 
0.774
8.66E−03
1
12


LNU953 
0.774
1.44E−02
3
52
LNU953 
0.771
1.51E−02
3
49


LNU953
0.726
1.74E−02
3
8
LNU954 
0.814
4.13E−03
6
52


LNU954 
0.715
2.02E−02
6
14
LNU954 
0.793
6.19E−03
6
49


LNU954 
0.726
2.69E−02
4
45
LNU954 
0.860
1.42E−03
8
5


LNU954 
0.861
1.36E−03
8
50
LNU954 
0.851
1.79E−03
8
54


LNU954 
0.739
1.46E−02
8
10
LNU954 
0.871
1.04E−03
8
35


LNU954
0.782
7.52E−03
8
13
LNU954 
0.802
5.29E−03
5
5


LNU954 
0.774
8.55E−03
5
54
LNU954
0.762
1.04E−02
5
10


LNU954
0.750
2.00E−02
7
18
LNU954 
0.730
2.57E−02
7
24


LNU955 
0.732
1.61E−02
9
17
LNU955 
0.805
8.86E−03
4
18


LNU955 
0.812
7.90E−03
4
27
LNU955
0.728
2.63E−02
4
24


LNU955 
0.824
3.40E−03
8
33
LNU955 
0.851
1.80E−03
8
39


LNU955 
0.705
2.27E−02
5
2
LNU955 
0.710
2.15E−02
1
30


LNU956 
0.786
1.21E−02
4
45
LNU956 
0.787
1.19E−02
1
45


LNU957 
0.749
1.27E−02
6
29
LNU957 
0.743
1.37E−02
6
20


LNU957 
0.782
1.27E−02
3
55
LNU958 
0.801
5.37E−03
9
17


LNU958 
0.773
8.77E−03
4
30
LNU958 
0.800
5.47E−03
8
33


LNU958 
0.799
5.53E−03
8
39
LNU958 
0.759
1.09E−02
8
16


LNU958 
0.720
1.88E−02
5
41
LNU958 
0.886
6.41E−04
5
16


LNU959 
0.827
3.13E−03
2
41
LNU959 
0.747
1.29E−02
2
22


LNU959 
0.757
1.13E−02
2
51
LNU959 
0.778
8.02E−03
2
16


LNU959 
0.727
1.72E−02
4
9
LNU959 
0.928
3.02E−04
3
52


LNU959 
0.871
1.03E−03
3
6
LNU959 
0.701
2.39E−02
3
14


LNU959 
0.893
1.17E−03
3
49
LNU959 
0.771
8.97E−03
3
8


LNU960 
0.865
1.23E−03
6
17
LNU960
0.886
6.43E−04
6
44


LNU960 
0.771
9.08E−03
9
26
LNU960 
0.807
4.82E−03
9
23


LNU960
0.722
1.83E−02
9
44
LNU960 
0.754
1.17E−02
2
42


LNU960 
0.759
1.10E−02
2
37
LNU960 
0.932
8.55E−05
4
53


LNU960 
0.870
1.05E−03
4
4
LNU960 
0.932
8.83E−05
4
12


LNU960 
0.738
1.49E−02
5
13
LNU960 
0.703
2.34E−02
5
51


LNU961 
0.738
1.47E−02
6
20
LNU961 
0.803
5.15E−03
9
17


LNU961
0.836
2.56E−03
9
44
LNU961 
0.735
1.54E−02
9
43


LNU961 
0.745
1.35E−02
8
33
LNU961 
0.824
3.40E−03
8
35


LNU961 
0.781
7.62E−03
3
8
LNU961 
0.874
2.06E−03
7
18


LNU961 
0.954
6.50E−05
7
27
LNU961 
0.789
1.14E−02
7
24


LNU962 
0.808
4.66E−03
2
16
LNU962 
0.725
1.76E−02
5
28


LNU962 
0.897
1.06E−03
3
52
LNU962 
0.848
1.93E−03
3
6


LNU962 
0.892
1.22E−03
3
49
LNU962 
0.706
3.36E−02
1
45


LNU964 
0.706
2.24E−02
2
33
LNU964 
0.778
8.03E−03
2
41


LNU964
0.756
1.14E−02
2
35
LNU964
0.820
3.71E−03
2
51


LNU964 
0.820
3.71E−03
2
37
LNU964 
0.778
8.06E−03
3
44


LNU964 
0.713
2.06E−02
1
53
LNU964 
0.712
2.08E−02
1
12


LNU965 
0.828
3.08E−03
6
48
LNU965 
0.745
1.35E−02
6
3


LNU965 
0.779
7.92E−03
2
33
LNU965 
0.885
6.71E−04
2
41


LNU965
0.767
9.59E−03
2
39
LNU965 
0.829
3.04E−03
2
51


LNU965 
0.861
1.39E−03
2
37
LNU965 
0.875
9.24E−04
2
16


LNU966 
0.709
2.17E−02
6
52
LNU966 
0.708
2.20E−02
6
3


LNU966 
0.748
1.29E−02
3
6
LNU966 
0.716
3.00E−02
7
45


LNU967 
0.800
5.48E−03
6
17
LNU967 
0.766
9.82E−03
4
53


LNU967 
0.707
2.22E−02
4
4
LNU967 
0.768
9.41E−03
4
12


LNU968 
0.771
9.02E−03
6
48
LNU968 
0.719
1.90E−02
2
33


LNU968 
0.919
1.71E−04
2
41
LNU968 
0.904
3.35E−04
2
51


LNU968 
0.781
7.72E−03
2
37
LNU968 
0.734
1.56E−02
2
16


LNU968 
0.788
6.83E−03
3
17
LNU968 
0.826
3.22E−03
3
43


LNU969
0.805
4.95E−03
2
42





Table 36: Provided are the correlations (R) between the expression levels of yield improving genes and their homologues in tissues [Flag leaf, Flower meristem, stem and Flower; Expression sets (Exp)] and the phenotypic performance in various yield, biomass, growth rate and/or vigor components [Correlation vector (cor.)] under stress conditions or normal conditions across Sorghum accessions. P = p value.






Example 6
Production of Sorghum Transcriptom and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Biomass, NUE, and ABST Related Parameters Measured in Semi-Hydroponics Conditions Using 44K Sorguhm Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays
Sorghum vigor related parameters under low nitrogen, 100 mM NaCl, low temperature (10±2° C.) and normal growth conditions—Ten Sorghum hybrids were grown in 3 repetitive plots, each containing 17 plants, at a net house under semi-hydroponics conditions. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows: Sorghum seeds were sown in trays filled with a mix of vermiculite and peat in a 1:1 ratio. Following germination, the trays were transferred to the high salinity solution (100 mM NaCl in addition to the Full Hoagland solution), low temperature (10±2° C. in the presence of Full Hoagland solution), low nitrogen solution (the amount of total nitrogen was reduced in 90% from the full Hoagland solution (i.e., to a final concentration of 10% from full Hoagland solution, final amount of 1.2 mM N) or at Normal growth solution (Full Hoagland containing 16 mM N solution, at 28±2° C.). Plants were grown at 28±2° C.
Full Hoagland solution consists of: KNO3—0.808 grams/liter, MgSO4—0.12 grams/liter, KH2PO4—0.172 grams/liter and 0.01% (volume/volume) of ‘Super coratin’ micro elements (Iron-EDDHA [ethylenediamine-N,N′-bis(2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid)]—40.5 grams/liter; Mn—20.2 grams/liter; Zn 10.1 grams/liter; Co 1.5 grams/liter; and Mo 1.1 grams/liter), solution's pH should be 6.5-6.8].
Analyzed Sorghum tissues—All 10 selected Sorghum hybrids were sampled per each treatment. Three tissues [leaves, meristems and roots] growing at 100 mM NaCl, low temperature (10±2° C.), low Nitrogen (1.2 mM N) or under Normal conditions were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 37 below.







TABLE 37







Sorghum transcriptom expression sets under 


semi hydroponics conditions








Set ID
Expression Set





1
Sorghum root under cold


2
Sorghum root under normal conditions


3
Sorghum root under low N conditions


4
Sorghum root under 100 mM NaCl conditions


5
Sorghum meristem under cold


6
Sorghum meristem under normal conditions


7
Sorghum meristem under low N conditions


8
Sorghum meristem under 100 mM NaCl conditions





Table 37: Provided are the Sorghum transcriptom expression sets.


Cold conditions = 10 ± 2° C.;


NaCl = 100 mM NaCl;


low nitrogen = 1.2 mM Nitrogen;


Normal conditions = 16 mM Nitrogen.






Experimental Results
10 different Sorghum hybrids were grown and characterized for the following parameters: “Leaf No”=leaf number per plant (average of five plants); “Plant Height”=plant height [cm] (average of five plants); “DW Root/Plant”—root dry weight per plant (average of five plants); DW Shoot/Plant—shoot dry weight per plant (average of five plants) (Table 38). The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in Tables 39-45 below. Subsequent correlation analysis was performed (Table 46). Results were then integrated to the database.







TABLE 38







Sorghum correlated parameters (vectors)








Correlation ID
Correlated parameter with











1
DW Root/Plant-100 mM NaCl [gr.]


2
DW Root/Plant-Cold [gr.]


3
DW Root/Plant-Low Nitrogen [gr.]


4
DW Root/Plant-Normal [gr.]


5
DW Shoot/Plant-Low Nitrogen [gr.]


6
DW Shoot/Plant-100 mM NaCl [gr.]


7
DW Shoot/Plant-Cold [gr.]


8
DW Shoot/Plant-Normal [gr.]


9
Leaf TP1-100 mM NaCl [number]


10
Leaf TP1-Cold [number]


11
Leaf TP1-Low Nitrogen [number]


12
Leaf TP1-Normal [number]


13
Leaf TP2-100 mM NaCl [number]


14
Leaf TP2-Cold [number]


15
Leaf TP2-Low Nitrogen [number]


16
Leaf TP2-Normal [number]


17
Leaf TP3-100 mM NaCl [number]


18
Leaf TP3-Cold [number]


19
Leaf TP3-Low Nitrogen [number]


20
Leaf TP3-Normal [number]


21
Low N-NUE total biomass [gr.]


22
Low N-Shoot/Root


23
Low N-NUE roots


24
Low N-NUE shoots


25
Low N-percent-root biomass compared to normal


26
Low N-percent-shoot biomass compared to normal


27
Low N-percent-total biomass reduction 



compared to normal


28
N level/Leaf [Low Nitrogen]


29
N level/Leaf [100 mM NaCl]


30
N level/Leaf [Cold]


31
N level/Leaf [Normal]


32
Normal-Shoot/Root


33
Normal-NUE roots


34
Normal-NUE shoots


35
Normal-NUE total biomass


36
Plant Height TP1-100 mM NaCl [cm]


37
Plant Height TP1-Cold [cm]


38
Plant Height TP1-Low Nitrogen [cm]


39
Plant Height TP1-Normal [cm]


40
Plant Height TP2-Cold [cm]


41
Plant Height TP2-Low Nitrogen [cm]


42
Plant Height TP2-Normal [cm]


43
Plant Height TP2-100 mM NaCl [cm]


44
Plant Height TP3-100 mM NaCl [cm]


45
Plant Height TP3-Low Nitrogen [cm]


46
RGR Leaf Num Normal


47
Root Biomass [DW-gr.]/SPAD [100 mM NaCl]


48
Root Biomass [DW-gr.]/SPAD [Cold]


49
Root Biomass [DW-gr.]/SPAD [Low Nitrogen]


50
Root Biomass [DW-gr.]/SPAD [Normal]


51
SPAD-Cold


52
SPAD-Low Nitrogen


53
SPAD-Normal


54
SPAD 100-mM NaCl


55
Shoot Biomass [DW-gr.]/SPAD [100 mM NaCl]


56
Shoot Biomass [DW-gr.]/SPAD [Cold]


57
Shoot Biomass [DW-gr.]/SPAD [Low Nitrogen]


58
Shoot Biomass [DW-gr.]/SPAD [Normal]


59
Total Biomass-Root + Shoot 



[DW-gr.]/SPAD [100 mM NaCl]


60
Total Biomass-Root + Shoot [DW-gr.]/SPAD [Cold]


61
Total Biomass-Root + Shoot 



[DW-gr.]/SPAD [Low Nitrogen]


62
Total Biomass-Root + Shoot[DW-gr.]/SPAD [Normal]





Table 38: Provided are the Sorghum correlated parameters.


Cold conditions = 10 ± 2 ° C.;


NaCl = 100 mM NaCl;


low nitrogen = 1.2 mM Nitrogen;


Normal conditions = 16 mM Nitrogen


* TP-1-2-3 refers to time points 1, 2 and 3.













TABLE 39







Sorghum accessions, measured parameters under low nitrogen growth conditions

















Cor. ID/line ID
3
5
11
15
19
38
41
45
52
1




















Line-1
0.04
0.08
3.00
4.00 
3.90
6.73
13.30
22.23
26.88
0.05


Line-2
0.11
0.19
3.13
4.58 
4.27
9.77
20.63
31.07
28.02
0.10


Line-3
0.20
0.33
3.87
4.97 
4.70
12.70 
23.70
34.67
29.64
0.12


Line-4
0.10
0.16
3.53
4.73 
4.23
8.67
18.03
30.03
31.52
0.07


Line-5
0.08
0.16
3.20
4.60 
4.30
9.77
19.33
30.83
29.61
0.08


Line-6
0.09
0.16
3.13
4.70 
4.57
9.23
19.20
29.87
26.82
0.08


Line-7
0.13
0.26
3.13
4.97 
4.63
10.27 
21.87
30.87
28.48
0.14


Line-8
0.09
0.20
3.30
4.87 
4.67
10.10 
22.13
32.40
28.21
0.10


Line-9
0.09
0.13
3.07
4.67 
3.97
7.93
18.20
29.37
30.48
0.17


Line-10
0.09
0.18
3.07
4.57 
4.10
8.23
21.00
30.70
27.63
0.14





Table 39: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under low nitrogen conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 40







Additional sorghum accessions, measured parameters under low nitrogen growth conditions


















Corr. ID/













line ID
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
49
57
61





















Line-1
27.528
1.875
9.647
17.881
84.528
81.573
82.585 
6.892
0.002
0.003 
0.005


Line-2 
64.124
1.707
23.538 
40.586 
80.954
79.164 
79.812 
6.568
0.004 
0.007
0.011


Line-3 
115.231 
1.731
43.877 
71.354 
117.004 
104.754 
109.104
6.307 
0.007
0.011
0.018


Line- 4
58.017 
1.568
22.580 
35.436 
100.519 
103.497 
102.317 
7.446
0.003 
0.005
0.008


Line- 5
52.219 
2.096
16.886 
35.333 
72.538 
83.707 
79.737 
6.886
0.003 
0.005 
0.008


Line-6 
35.103
1.815 
12.440 
22.663
71.777 
83.215
78.767 
5.873
0.003
0.006
0.009


Line- 7
84.575 
2.062
28.194 
56.381 
93.472 
107.689
102.492 
6.146
0.005
0.009
0.014


Line-8 
63.728 
2.097
20.528 
43.200
76.051
81.368 
79.588 
6.046
0.003
0.007
0.010


Line-9 
47.029 
1.504
18.756 
28.273
86.820 
70.300
76.073
7.683
0.003
0.004
0.007


Line-10 
59.998 
1.999
20.086 
39.912 
80.511 
75.859 
77.355 
6.740
0.003
0.007
0.010





Table 40: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under low nitrogen conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 41







Sorghum accessions, measured parameters


under salinity (100 mM NaCl) conditions













Corr. ID/ 








line ID
1
6
9
13
17
36
















Line-1
0.050
0.094
3.000
4.000
4.000
7.900


Line-2
0.104
0.186
3.133
4.367
4.133
9.500


Line-3
0.124
0.202
3.400
4.867
4.567
10.933


Line-4
0.069
0.137
3.067
4.600
4.433
7.933


Line-5
0.076
0.130
3.333
4.500
4.067
9.700


Line-6
0.075
0.133
3.067
4.533
4.333
8.533


Line-7
0.135
0.154
3.067
4.500
4.133
8.900


Line-8
0.095
0.189
3.267
4.767
4.500
10.367


Line-9
0.165
0.099
3.000
4.320
3.780
7.000


Line-10
0.139
0.124
3.067
4.200
4.200
7.833





Table 41: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under 100 mM NaCl growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 42







Additional Sorghum accessions, measured parameters 


under salinity (100 mM NaCl) conditions














Corr.









ID/









line ID
29
47
55
59
43
44
54

















Line-1
8.183
0.002
0.003
0.004
14.200
21.800
32.733


Line-2
8.503
0.003
0.005
0.008
16.267
23.167
35.144


Line-3
6.124 
0.004
0.007 
0.012
20.367
30.367
27.967


Line-4
6.977 
0.002
0.004
0.007
13.333
22.833
30.933


Line-5
8.492 
0.002
0.004
0.006
15.900
23.700
34.533


Line-6
6.921 
0.003
0.004 
0.007
16.533
23.300
29.989


Line-7
7.763 
0.004 
0.005
0.009
15.467
22.467
32.089


Line-8
7.079
0.003
0.006
0.009
18.933
26.833
31.856


Line-9
8.601 
0.005
0.003
0.008
13.680
20.280
32.513


Line-10 
8.172 
0.004
0.004
0.008
15.767
23.567
34.322





Table 42: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under 100 mM NaCl growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 43







Sorghum accessions, measured parameters under cold conditions



















Corr. ID/ 














line ID
2
7
10
14
18
37
40
51
30
48
56
60






















Line-1
0.068
0.078
3.000
3.900
4.733
6.500
11.167
28.622
6.047
0.002
0.003
0.005


Line-2
0.108
0.154
3.000
4.133
5.333
8.767
15.867
30.311
5.683
0.004
0.005
0.009


Line-3
0.163
0.189
3.500
4.633
5.433
10.400
18.433
27.044
4.978
0.006
0.007
0.013


Line-4
0.093
0.112
3.167
4.167
5.500
6.800
12.200
32.278
5.869
0.003
0.003
0.006


Line-5
0.084
0.130
3.400
4.267
5.333
9.033
16.033
28.278
5.302
0.003
0.005
0.008


Line-6
0.114
0.165
3.200
4.233
5.067
9.000
14.633
29.889
5.899
0.004
0.006
0.009


Line-7
0.137
0.152
3.133
4.200
4.500
7.967
14.600
32.467
7.215
0.004
0.005
0.009


Line-8
0.127
0.150
3.067
4.300
5.400
9.167
17.267
28.633
5.302
0.004
0.005
0.010


Line-9
0.108
0.112
3.067
4.167
5.367
6.500
13.433
31.711
5.909
0.003
0.004
0.007


Line-10
0.139
0.141
3.000
4.000
5.182
7.227
13.909
29.557
5.704
0.005
0.005
0.009





Table 43: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under cold growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 44







Sorghum accessions, measured parameters under regular growth conditions
















Corr. ID/line ID
4
8
12
16
20
39
42
46
53



















Line-1
0.053 
0.101
3.000
4.167
5.333 
7.467
14.967
0.155 
26.700


Line-2
0.134
0.236
3.067
4.500
5.867
9.300
18.323
0.186
29.333


Line-3
0.173
0.313
3.800
4.800
6.200
12.867
22.100
0.159
29.685


Line-4
0.103
0.158
3.200
4.600
5.800
8.567
17.600
0.173
29.089


Line-5
0.107
0.194
3.233
4.533
5.800
8.933
18.067
0.171
24.978


Line-6
0.120
0.188
3.233
4.967
5.733
8.533
18.353
0.168
24.622


Line-7
0.139
0.241
3.133
4.600
5.733
10.667
22.833
0 174
30.789


Line-8
0.124
0.244
3.433
4.933
6.000
10.267
22.303
0.171
25.500


Line-9
0.099
0.185
3.000
4.500
5.600
7.867
20.033
0.174
32.889


Line-10
0.115
0.242
3.000
4.567
6.067
8.767
21.800
0.204
33.544





Table 44: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under cold growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 45







Additional Sorghum accessions, measured parameters under 


regular growth conditions















Corr. ID/










line ID
31
32
33
34
35
50
58
62


















Line-1
5.006 
1.984
0.861 
1.653
2.514 
0.002
0.004
0.006


Line-2 
5.000 
1.936
2.193 
3.866
6.059
0.005
0.008
0.013


Line-3
4.815 
1.897
2.828 
5.137
7.964
0.006
0.010
0.016


Line-4
5.015 
1.586
1.694 
2.582
4.276
0.004
0.005
0.009


Line-5 
4.307 
1.813
1.755 
3.183
4.939 
0.004
0.008
0.012


Line-6 
4.295 
1.579
1.960 
3.081
5.041
0.005
0.008 
0.012


Line-7
5.370 
1.759
2.275 
3.948
6.223 
0.005
0.008
0.012


Line-8 
4.250 
1.988
2.036 
4.003
6.038 
0.005
0.010 
0.014


Line-9 
5.873 
1.895
1.086 
2.022
3.108 
0.003
0.006
0.009


Line-10
5.529 
2.198
1.881 
3.968
5.849 
0.003
0.007 
0.011





Table 45: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under regular growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 46







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the


invention in roots and the phenotypic performance under normal or abiotic stress conditions


across Sorghum accessions




















Corr




Corr.


Gene Name
R
P value
Exp. set
Set ID
Gene Name
R
P value
Exp. set
Set ID



















LNU856
0.862
1.26E−02
3
49
LNU856
0.860
1.31E−02
3
3


LNU856
0.933
2.14E−03
3
5
LNU856
0.812
2.67E−02
3
45


LNU856
0.851
1.52E−02
3
23
LNU856
0.896
6.34E−03
3
61


LNU856
0.928
2.59E−03
3
24
LNU856
0.921
3.24E−03
3
21


LNU856
0.877
9.56E−03
3
57
LNU856
0.855
1.42E−02
3
41


LNU856
0.801
9.50E−03
2
20
LNU856
0.840
2.37E−03
1
18


LNU857
0.716
7.05E−02
3
22
LNU857
0.812
7.87E−03
6
49


LNU857
0.777
1.37E−02
6
3
LNU857
0.778
1.36E−02
6
5


LNU857
0.777
1.37E−02
6
23
LNU857
0.811
7.92E−03
6
61


LNU857
0.778
1.36E−02
6
24
LNU857
0.787
1.19E−02
6
21


LNU857
0.727
2.65E−02
6
38
LNU857
0.795
1.04E−02
6
57


LNU857
0.703
3.47E−02
2
34
LNU857
0.757
1.82E−02
5
7


LNU857
0.744
2.15E−02
5
48
LNU857
0.701
3.52E−02
5
10


LNU857
0.858
3.08E−03
5
56
LNU857
0.827
5.94E−03
5
60


LNU857
0.847
3.99E−03
5
37
LNU857
0.871
2.26E−03
5
40


LNU857
0.854
3.42E−03
5
14
LNU859
0.899
3.96E−04
1
48


LNU859
0.850
1.84E−03
1
2
LNU859
0.712
2.10E−02
1
56


LNU859
0.829
3.04E−03
1
60
LNU860
0.848
1.59E−02
3
28


LNU860
0.721
2.82E−02
6
45
LNU861
0.756
1.85E−02
6
45


LNU861
0.768
1.57E−02
6
41
LNU861
0.700
3.57E−02
8
4


LNU861
0.776
1.40E−02
8
42
LNU862
0.705
7.70E−02
3
26


LNU862
0.804
8.99E−03
5
30
LNU863
0.792
1.09E−02
6
49


LNU863
0.790
1.13E−02
6
3
LNU863
0.734
2.43E−02
6
5


LNU863
0.790
1.13E−02
6
23
LNU863
0.756
1.84E−02
6
61


LNU863
0.734
2.43E−02
6
24
LNU863
0.764
1.65E−02
6
21


LNU863
0.720
2.88E−02
6
57
LNU863
0.738
2.32E−02
7
1


LNU863
0.818
7.05E−03
7
59
LNU863
0.838
4.83E−03
7
47


LNU863
0.766
1.60E−02
2
8
LNU863
0.781
1.29E−02
2
42


LNU863
0.709
3.26E−02
8
20
LNU863
0.838
4.76E−03
8
42


LNU864
0.801
3.04E−02
3
28
LNU864
0.897
1.05E−03
5
30


LNU866
0.719
6.86E−02
3
5
LNU866
0.720
6.82E−02
3
45


LNU866
0.721
6.77E−02
3
24
LNU866
0.705
7.71E−02
3
57


LNU866
0.817
2.48E−02
3
41
LNU870
0.840
1.80E−02
3
5


LNU870
0.861
1.28E−02
3
45
LNU870
0.766
4.45E−02
3
61


LNU870
0.790
3.46E−02
3
38
LNU870
0.829
2.11E−02
3
57


LNU870
0.879
9.10E−03
3
41
LNU870
0.705
3.39E−02
6
52


LNU871
0.701
3.55E−02
5
10
LNU872
0.739
5.75E−02
3
52


LNU872
0.793
1.09E−02
6
49
LNU872
0.780
1.32E−02
6
3


LNU872
0.800
9.62E−03
6
5
LNU872
0.739
2.29E−02
6
11


LNU872
0.780
1.32E−02
6
23
LNU872
0.802
9.38E−03
6
61


LNU872
0.800
9.62E−03
6
24
LNU872
0.802
9.33E−03
6
21


LNU872
0.841
4.52E−03
6
38
LNU872
0.791
1.11E−02
6
57


LNU876
0.809
2.75E−02
3
5
LNU876
0.792
3.39E−02
3
45


LNU876
0.703
7.82E−02
3
61
LNU876
0.705
7.70E−02
3
22


LNU876
0.877
9.56E−03
3
38
LNU876
0.713
7.21E−02
3
19


LNU876
0.723
6.66E−02
3
57
LNU876
0.801
9.52E−03
6
49


LNU876
0.830
5.65E−03
6
3
LNU876
0.790
1.12E−02
6
5


LNU876
0.782
1.28E−02
6
45
LNU876
0.798
9.87E−03
6
11


LNU876
0.830
5.65E−03
6
23
LNU876
0.774
1.43E−02
6
61


LNU876
0.790
1.12E−02
6
24
LNU876
0.797
1.01E−02
6
21


LNU876
0.773
1.45E−02
6
38
LNU876
0.760
1.74E−02
6
57


LNU876
0.754
1.90E−02
6
41
LNU876
0.740
2.25E−02
2
46


LNU876
0.713
3.12E−02
2
12
LNU876
0.827
5.95E−03
2
20


LNU876
0.807
8.53E−03
5
14
LNU876
0.720
1.89E−02
1
14


LNU878
0.901
5.64E−03
3
27
LNU878
0.825
2.22E−02
3
25


LNU878
0.779
3.88E−02
3
11
LNU878
0.793
3.33E−02
3
26


LNU878
0.755
1.16E−02
1
30
LNU879
0.877
9.44E−03
3
27


LNU879
0.724
6.60E−02
3
25
LNU879
0.904
5.24E−03
3
11


LNU879
0.749
5.28E−02
3
28
LNU879
0.897
6.12E−03
3
26


LNU879
0.724
2.73E−02
7
54
LNU879
0.811
7.99E−03
2
46


LNU879
0.888
1.37E−03
2
32
LNU879
0.711
3.17E−02
5
7


LNU879
0.821
6.73E−03
5
56
LNU879
0.761
1.71E−02
5
60


LNU879
0.832
5.38E−03
5
37
LNU879
0.785
1.23E−02
5
40


LNU879
0.820
6.79E−03
5
14
LNU879
0.741
1.43E−02
1
30


LNU881
0.731
6.19E−02
3
38
LNU883
0.744
5.51E−02
3
49


LNU883
0.750
5.21E−02
3
3
LNU883
0.901
5.61E−03
3
5


LNU883
0.794
3.30E−02
3
45
LNU883
0.708
7.50E−02
3
11


LNU883
0.828
2.14E−02
3
61
LNU883
0.781
3.82E−02
3
24


LNU883
0.747
5.34E−02
3
21
LNU883
0.701
7.93E−02
3
38


LNU883
0.753
5.08E−02
3
19
LNU883
0.839
1.83E−02
3
57


LNU883
0.768
4.35E−02
3
41
LNU883
0.700
3.57E−02
5
30


LNU884
0.745
5.48E−02
3
23
LNU884
0.725
6.54E−02
3
24


LNU884
0.750
5.23E−02
3
21
LNU884
0.704
7.77E−02
3
41


LNU884
0.714
3.09E−02
8
50
LNU884
0.713
3.12E−02
8
12


LNU884
0.729
1.67E−02
1
7
LNU884
0.748
1.28E−02
1
56


LNU884
0.787
6.95E−03
1
37
LNU885
0.851
1.51E−02
3
52


LNU885
0.709
7.44E−02
3
28
LNU885
0.736
2.37E−02
2
39


LNU885
0.821
6.72E−03
5
18
LNU888
0.835
1.93E−02
3
27


LNU888
0.844
1.70E−02
3
25
LNU888
0.762
4.66E−02
3
11


LNU889
0.794
1.06E−02
5
10
LNU889
0.740
2.27E−02
5
56


LNU889
0.710
3.22E−02
5
60
LNU889
0.713
3.11E−02
5
37


LNU889
0.847
3.95E−03
5
14
LNU892
0.799
3.12E−02
3
3


LNU892
0.796
3.23E−02
3
11
LNU895
0.803
2.96E−02
3
49


LNU895
0.857
1.37E−02
3
3
LNU895
0.845
1.66E−02
3
15


LNU895
0.718
6.92E−02
3
5
LNU895
0.868
1.14E−02
3
45


LNU895
0.877
9.60E−03
3
23
LNU895
0.700
7.99E−02
3
61


LNU895
0.765
4.53E−02
3
24
LNU895
0.826
2.22E−02
3
21


LNU895
0.717
6.97E−02
3
38
LNU895
0.779
3.91E−02
3
41


LNU895
0.723
2.77E−02
6
45
LNU895
0.707
3.31E−02
6
52


LNU895
0.710
3.21E−02
2
53
LNU895
0.825
6.24E−03
8
31


LNU895
0.787
1.18E−02
8
53
LNU895
0.765
9.90E−03
1
18


LNU896
0.773
4.15E−02
3
27
LNU896
0.806
2.87E−02
3
25


LNU896
0.703
2.33E−02
1
30
LNU897
0.715
3.05E−02
7
1


LNU897
0.710
3.21E−02
8
46
LNU897
0.751
1.97E−02
8
53


LNU898
0.717
7.00E−02
3
45
LNU898
0.918
3.53E−03
3
38


LNU898
0.705
3.41E−02
6
38
LNU898
0.771
9.01E−03
1
7


LNU898
0.779
7.96E−03
1
56
LNU898
0.723
1.82E−02
1
60


LNU898
0.834
2.68E−03
1
37
LNU898
0.825
3.31E−03
1
40


LNU901
0.808
8.46E−03
8
50
LNU901
0.726
2.68E−02
8
35


LNU901
0.831
5.48E−03
8
39
LNU901
0.786
1.20E−02
8
4


LNU901
0.735
2.42E−02
8
62
LNU901
0.796
1.03E−02
8
33


LNU902
0.761
1.73E−02
6
5
LNU902
0.738
2.33E−02
6
61


LNU902
0.761
1.73E−02
6
24
LNU902
0.738
2.32E−02
6
21


LNU902
0.753
1.91E−02
6
57
LNU902
0.714
3.06E−02
6
41


LNU902
0.887
1.44E−03
7
1
LNU902
0.923
3.91E−04
7
47


LNU902
0.767
1.59E−02
5
18
LNU903
0.701
7.93E−02
3
28


LNU903
0.768
1.57E−02
6
52
LNU903
0.863
1.29E−03
1
18


LNU904
0.777
3.97E−02
3
22
LNU904
0.716
3.01E−02
7
43


LNU905
0.807
2.82E−02
3
22
LNU905
0.708
3.27E−02
2
32


LNU906
0.767
4.41E−02
3
49
LNU906
0.729
6.29E−02
3
5


LNU906
0.810
2.73E−02
3
45
LNU906
0.777
3.97E−02
3
61


LNU906
0.778
3.95E−02
3
38
LNU906
0.750
5.22E−02
3
57


LNU906
0.816
2.53E−02
3
41
LNU907
0.758
1.79E−02
8
20


LNU910
0.825
6.17E−03
6
49
LNU910
0.846
4.09E−03
6
3


LNU910
0.828
5.87E−03
6
25
LNU910
0.725
2.71E−02
6
5


LNU910
0.846
4.09E−03
6
23
LNU910
0.745
2.12E−02
6
61


LNU910
0.725
2.71E−02
6
24
LNU910
0.780
1.32E−02
6
21


LNU911
0.880
8.99E−03
3
27
LNU911
0.745
5.47E−02
3
11


LNU911
0.849
1.56E−02
3
26







LNU913
0.720
2.88E−02
7
55
LNU913
0.762
1.71E−02
7
43


LNU913
0.709
3.25E−02
5
51
LNU914
0.778
3.95E−02
3
5


LNU914
0.709
7.45E−02
3
45
LNU914
0.807
2.83E−02
3
61


LNU914
0.794
3.30E−02
3
19
LNU914
0.840
1.81E−02
3
57


LNU914
0.774
4.12E−02
3
41
LNU914
0.787
1.19E−02
6
45


LNU914
0.808
8.36E−03
6
52
LNU914
0.726
2.67E−02
6
41


LNU915
0.841
1.77E−02
3
49
LNU915
0.887
7.78E−03
3
3


LNU915
0.837
1.87E−02
3
15
LNU915
0.710
7.36E−02
3
45


LNU915
0.702
7.90E−02
3
61
LNU915
0.701
3.53E−02
5
48


LNU915
0.759
1.76E−02
5
2
LNU917
0.840
4.56E−03
2
46


LNU917
0.737
2.36E−02
2
32
LNU917
0.888
1.38E−03
8
32


LNU918
0.824
2.27E−02
3
25
LNU918
0.859
3.03E−03
2
46


LNU918
0.714
3.06E−02
2
53
LNU918
0.748
2.04E−02
8
32


LNU919
0.907
4.82E−03
3
25
LNU920
0.743
2.18E−02
5
51


LNU922
0.717
2.98E−02
6
22
LNU922
0.803
5.12E−03
1
48


LNU922
0.749
1.26E−02
1
2
LNU922
0.769
9.35E−03
1
60


LNU924
0.759
1.78E−02
8
16
LNU926
0.705
7.68E−02
3
49


LNU926
0.713
3.12E−02
7
1
LNU926
0.792
1.10E−02
7
59


LNU926
0.726
2.67E−02
7
47
LNU926
0.802
9.37E−03
5
18


LNU929
0.811
2.68E−02
3
23
LNU929
0.726
6.46E−02
3
24


LNU929
0.773
4.16E−02
3
21
LNU929
0.834
5.24E−03
2
46


LNU930
0.734
6.01E−02
3
52
LNU930
0.757
4.87E−02
3
22


LNU931
0.729
2.59E−02
2
50
LNU931
0.769
1.54E−02
2
12


LNU931
0.759
1.77E−02
2
58
LNU931
0.759
1.78E−02
2
62


LNU932
0.749
2.01E−02
6
22
LNU933
0.881
8.82E−03
3
49


LNU933
0.887
7.74E−03
3
3
LNU933
0.742
5.60E−02
3
15


LNU933
0.803
2.97E−02
3
23
LNU933
0.713
7.22E−02
3
61


LNU933
0.798
9.90E−03
8
12
LNU933
0.713
3.12E−02
8
58


LNU934
0.817
2.48E−02
3
27
LNU934
0.818
2.45E−02
3
25


LNU934
0.803
2.98E−02
3
11
LNU934
0.703
7.80E−02
3
52


LNU934
0.861
2.90E−03
5
51
LNU934
0.771
1.50E−02
5
30


LNU935
0.736
2.38E−02
6
41
LNU935
0.700
3.57E−02
8
8


LNU935
0.758
1.78E−02
8
39
LNU935
0.746
2.10E−02
8
4


LNU935
0.856
3.25E−03
8
42
LNU940
0.851
1.51E−02
3
11


LNU940
0.904
5.20E−03
3
52
LNU941
0.785
3.66E−02
3
25


LNU942
0.916
3.72E−03
3
49
LNU942
0.915
3.90E−03
3
3


LNU942
0.786
3.61E−02
3
23
LNU942
0.759
4.80E−02
3
61


LNU942
0.784
1.25E−02
7
44
LNU942
0.764
1.66E−02
7
55


LNU942
0.871
2.24E−03
7
9
LNU942
0.793
1.08E−02
7
13


LNU942
0.792
1.09E−02
7
36
LNU942
0.744
2.15E−02
7
59


LNU942
0.811
8.01E−03
7
43
LNU942
0.767
1.59E−02
7
6


LNU942
0.744
2.16E−02
8
4
LNU943
0.713
3.11E−02
6
49


LNU943
0.750
1.99E−02
6
3
LNU943
0.790
1.12E−02
6
25


LNU943
0.750
1.99E−02
6
23
LNU944
0.715
7.09E−02
3
49


LNU944
0.739
5.78E−02
3
3
LNU944
0.928
2.57E−03
3
15


LNU944
0.807
2.81E−02
3
45
LNU944
0.735
6.01E−02
3
41


LNU944
0.710
3.21E−02
7
6
LNU944
0.826
6.07E−03
2
12


LNU944
0.721
2.83E−02
2
35
LNU944
0.715
3.05E−02
2
34


LNU944
0.742
2.21E−02
2
8
LNU944
0.714
3.07E−02
2
20


LNU944
0.826
6.06E−03
2
39
LNU944
0.748
2.04E−02
2
4


LNU944
0.739
2.30E−02
2
58
LNU944
0.734
2.44E−02
2
62


LNU944
0.711
3.17E−02
2
33
LNU945
0.830
2.08E−02
3
22


LNU945
0.746
2.10E−02
6
22
LNU952
0.789
1.15E−02
7
29


LNU952
0.814
7.65E−03
7
54
LNU952
0.708
3.28E−02
8
32


LNU953
0.805
2.91E−02
3
27
LNU953
0.776
4.04E−02
3
11


LNU953
0.906
4.97E−03
3
26
LNU953
0.729
2.58E−02
2
35


LNU953
0.734
2.43E−02
2
39
LNU953
0.701
3.53E−02
2
4


LNU953
0.769
1.55E−02
2
33
LNU953
0.741
1.43E−02
1
37


LNU954
0.707
3.31E−02
5
10
LNU955
0.718
2.95E−02
7
44


LNU955
0.725
2.70E−02
8
33
LNU956
0.720
6.80E−02
3
22


LNU956
0.713
3.11E−02
6
22
LNU958
0.797
3.17E−02
3
22


LNU958
0.826
6.10E−03
6
15
LNU958
0.724
2.75E−02
6
5


LNU958
0.798
9.93E−03
6
45
LNU958
0.704
3.43E−02
6
52


LNU958
0.724
2.75E−02
6
24
LNU958
0.711
3.18E−02
6
57


LNU958
0.809
8.24E−03
6
41
LNU958
0.846
4.08E−03
2
32


LNU958
0.766
1.61E−02
5
37
LNU958
0.789
1.14E−02
8
16


LNU958
0.792
1.09E−02
8
42
LNU959
0.799
3.12E−02
3
19


LNU959
0.723
2.78E−02
8
50
LNU959
0.749
2.03E−02
8
33


LNU960
0.742
5.60E−02
3
11
LNU962
0.739
5.80E−02
3
25


LNU964
0.837
1.88E−02
3
49
LNU964
0.852
1.49E−02
3
3


LNU964
0.727
6.44E−02
3
15
LNU964
0.884
8.34E−03
3
5


LNU964
0.760
4.75E−02
3
45
LNU964
0.834
1.97E−02
3
11


LNU964
0.778
3.93E−02
3
23
LNU964
0.756
4.91E−02
3
52


LNU964
0.841
1.76E−02
3
61
LNU964
0.813
2.63E−02
3
24


LNU964
0.819
2.41E−02
3
21
LNU964
0.780
3.84E−02
3
38


LNU964
0.808
2.77E−02
3
57
LNU964
0.716
7.03E−02
3
41


LNU964
0.700
3.57E−02
6
45
LNU964
0.705
3.40E−02
6
38


LNU965
0.798
3.15E−02
3
27
LNU965
0.848
1.59E−02
3
26


LNU966
0.743
5.59E−02
3
61
LNU966
0.757
4.86E−02
3
57


LNU967
0.874
1.01E−02
3
49
LNU967
0.890
7.28E−03
3
3


LNU967
0.779
3.88E−02
3
23
LNU967
0.702
7.88E−02
3
61


LNU967
0.787
1.18E−02
6
41
LNU968
0.732
6.15E−02
3
27


LNU969
0.717
2.98E−02
7
9










Table 46. Provided are the correlations (R) between the expression levels yield improving genes and their homologues in various tissues [Expression sets (Exp)] and the phenotypic performance [yield, biomass, growth rate and/or vigor components (Correlation vector)] under abiotic stress conditions (salinity) or normal conditions across Sorghum accessions. Cor.—Correlation vector as described hereinabove (Table 38). P = p value.






Example 7
Production of Maize Transcriptom and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Yield and NUE Related Parameters Using 60K Maize Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays
In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a maize oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem. (dot) agilent (dot) com/Scripts/PDS (dot) asp?1Page=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 44,000 maize genes and transcripts.
Correlation of Maize Hybrids Across Ecotypes Grown Under Regular Growth Conditions
Experimental Procedures
12 Maize hybrids were grown in 3 repetitive plots, in field. Maize seeds were planted and plants were grown in the field using commercial fertilization and irrigation protocols (485 metric cubes of water per dunam, 30 units of uran 21% fertilization per entire growth period). In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with stress and yield components or vigor related parameters, the 12 different maize hybrids were analyzed. Among them, 10 hybrids encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot) com/hyperstat/A34739 (dot) html].
Analyzed Maize tissues—All 10 selected maize hybrids were sampled per 3 time points (TP2=V6-V8, TP5=R1-R2, TP6=R3-R4). Four types of plant tissues [Ear, flag leaf indicated in Table 47 as “leaf”, grain distal part, and internode] growing under Normal conditions were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 47 below.







TABLE 47







Maize transcriptom expression sets










Expression Set
Set ID







Maize field/Normal/Ear TP5
1



Maize field/Normal/Ear TP6
2



Maize field/Normal/Grain Distal
3



Maize field/Normal/Internode TP2
4



Maize field/Normal/Internode TP5
5



Maize field/Normal/Internode TP6
6



Maize field/Normal/Leaf TP2
7



Maize field/Normal/Leaf TP5
8







Table 47: Provided are the maize transcriptom expression sets.



Leaf = the leaf below the main ear;



Flower meristem = Apical meristem following male flower initiation;



Ear = the female flower at the anthesis day.



Grain Distal = maize developing grains from the cob extreme area,



Grain Basal = maize developing grains from the cob basal area;



Internodes = internodes located above and below the main ear in the plant.



TP = time point.






The following parameters were collected using digital imaging system:
Grain Area (cm2)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the ear. A sample of  ̃200 grains were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The grain area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.
Grain Length and Grain width (cm)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the ear. A sample of  ̃200 grains were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain lengths/or width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.
Ear Area (cm2)—At the end of the growing period 5 ears were, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The Ear area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of Ears.
Ear Length and Ear Width (cm)—At the end of the growing period 5 ears were, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The Ear length and width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ears.
The image processing system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37, Java based image processing software, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and is freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/. Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, image processing output data for seed area and seed length was saved to text files and analyzed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).
Additional parameters were collected either by sampling 6 plants per plot or by measuring the parameter across all the plants within the plot.
Normalized Grain Weight per plant (gr.)—At the end of the experiment all ears from plots within blocks A-C were collected. Six ears were separately threshed and grains were weighted, all additional ears were threshed together and weighted as well.
The average grain weight per ear was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by number of total ears per plot (based on plot). In case of 6 ears, the total grains weight of 6 ears was divided by 6.
Ear FW (gr.)—At the end of the experiment (when ears were harvested) total and 6 selected ears per plots within blocks A-C were collected separately. The plants with (total and 6) were weighted (gr.) separately and the average ear per plant was calculated for total [Ear FW (fresh weight) per plot] and for 6 (Ear FW per plant).
Plant height and Ear height—Plants were characterized for height at harvesting. In each measure, 6 plants were measured for their height using a measuring tape. Height was measured from ground level to top of the plant below the tassel. Ear height was measured from the ground level to the place were the main ear is located.
Leaf number per plant—Plants were characterized for leaf number during growing period at 5 time points. In each measure, plants were measured for their leaf number by counting all the leaves of 3 selected plants per plot.
Relative Growth Rate was calculated using Formulas II-XIII (described above).
SPAD—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed 64 days post sowing. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot. Data were taken after 46 and 54 days after sowing (DPS).
Dry weight per plant—At the end of the experiment (when inflorescence were dry) all vegetative material from plots within blocks A-C were collected.
Dry weight=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours.
Harvest Index (HI) (Maize)—The harvest index was calculated using Formula XVII above.
Percent Filled Ear [%]—was calculated as the percentage of the Ear area with grains out of the total ear.
Cob diameter [cm]—The diameter of the cob without grains was measured using a ruler.
Kernel Row Number per Ear—The number of rows in each ear was counted.
Experimental Results
12 different maize hybrids were grown and characterized for different parameters. The correlated parameters are described in Table 48 below. The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software (Tables 49-50) and a subsequent correlation analysis was performed. Results were then integrated to the database.







TABLE 48







Maize correlated parameters (vectors)








Correlated parameter with 
Correlation ID











Cob Diameter mm
1


DW per Plant based on 6 gr
2


Ear Area cm2
3


Ear FW per Plant based on 6 gr
4


Ear Height cm
5


Ear Length cm
6


Ear Width cm
7


Ears FW per plant based on all gr
8


Filled per Whole Ear
9


Grain Area cm2
10


Grain Length cm
11


Grain Width cm
12


Growth Rate Leaf Num
13


Kernel Row Number per Ear
14


Leaf Number per Plant
15


Normalized Grain Weight per Plant based on all gr
16


Normalized Grain Weight per plant based on 6 gr
17


Percent Filled Ear
18


Plant Height per Plot cm
19


SPAD 46DPS TP2
20


SPAD 54DPS TP5
21





Table 48. SPAD 46DPS and SPAD 54DPS: Chlorophyl level after 46 and 54 days after


sowing (DPS).


“FW” = fresh weight;


“DW” = dry weight.













TABLE 49







Measured parameters in Maize accessions under normal conditions









Corr. ID




















line ID
21
20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11























Line-1
54.28
51.67
28.96
657.50
85.06
245.83
135.17
19.69
5.58
278.19
0.92
0.75
1.17


Line-2
57.18
56.41
25.08
491.67
85.84
208.33
122.33
19.06
5.15
217.50
0.92
0.71
1.09


Line-3
56.01
53.55
28.05
641.11
90.51
262.22
131.97
20.52
5.67
288.28
0.93
0.76
1.18


Line-4
59.68
55.21
25.73
580.56
95.95
263.89
114.00
21.34
5.53
247.88
0.92
0.77
1.21


Line-5
54.77
55.30
28.72
655.56
91.62
272.22
135.28
20.92
5.73
280.11
0.91
0.81
1.23


Line-6
59.14
59.35
25.78
569.44
72.41
177.78
94.28
18.23
5.23
175.84
0.95
0.71
1.12


Line-7
57.99
58.48
26.43
511.11
74.03
188.89
120.94
19.02
5.22
192.47
0.87
0.71
1.14


Line-8
60.36
55.88
25.19
544.44
76.53
197.22
107.72
18.57
5.33
204.70
0.94
0.75
1.13


Line-9
54.77
52.98













Line-10
51.39
53.86
26.67
574.17
55.20
141.11
60.44
16.69
4.12
142.72
0.80
0.50
0.92


Line-11
61.14
59.75

522.22
95.36
261.11
112.50
21.70
5.58
264.24
0.96
0.76
1.18


Line-12
53.34
49.99





Table 49. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in maize accessions (line ID) under regular growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 50







Additional measured parameters in Maize accessions under normal growth conditions









Corr. ID















line ID
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19


















Line-1
0.81
0.28 
16.17 
12.00
153.90
140.68
80.62
278.08


Line-2
0.81
0.22
14.67
11.11
135.88
139.54
86.76
260.50


Line-3
0.80
0.28 
16.20 
11.69
152.50
153.67
82.14
275.13


Line-4
0.80
0.27 
15.89 
11.78
159.16
176.98
92.71
238.50


Line-5
0.82
0.31 
16.17 
11.94
140.46
156.61
80.38
286.94


Line-6
0.80
0.24 
15.17 
12.33
117.14
119.67
82.76
224.83


Line-7
0.79
0.24 
16.00 
12.44
123.24
119.69
73.25
264.44


Line-8
0.84
0.27 
14.83 
12.22
131.27
133.51
81.06
251.61


Line-9










Line-10
0.68
0.19 
14.27
9.28
40.84
54.32
81.06
163.78


Line-11
0.81
0.30 
15.39 
12.56
170.66
173.23
91.60
278.44


Line-12





Table 50. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in maize accessions (line ID) under regular growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 51







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the invention


in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal conditions across maize varieties




















Cor.




Cor.


Gene


Exp.
Set
Gene


Exp.
Set


Name
R
P value
set
ID
Name
R
P value
set
ID



















LNU811
0.752
3.14E−02 
8
13
LNU811
0.724 
4.23E−02 
8
11


LNU811 
0.748 
3.30E−02 
8
10
LNU813
0.737 
3.68E−02 
5
12


LNU813 
0.766 
4.48E−02 
4
15
LNU813
0.738 
5.84E−02 
4
19


LNU813 
0.854 
1.44E−02 
4
5
LNU813
0.827 
2.16E−02 
4
8


LNU813 
0.701 
7.96E−02 
4
4
LNU813
0.746 
3.37E−02 
8
11


LNU813 
0.750 
3.19E−02 
8
6
LNU813
0.873 
9.59E−04 
6
20


LNU813 
0.843 
3.53E−02 
2
15
LNU814
0.726 
4.16E−02 
5
11


LNU814 
0.790 
1.97E−02 
5
6
LNU814
0.753 
8.40E−02 
4
1


LNU814 
0.900 
5.74E−03 
4
14
LNU814
0.748
5.34E−02
4
6


LNU814
0.867 
1.15E−02 
4
8
LNU814
0.825 
2.22E−02 
4
4


LNU814 
0.770 
7.34E−02 
7
1
LNU814
0.746 
5.40E−02 
7
14


LNU814 
0.824 
2.28E−02 
7
13
LNU814
0.815
2.54E−02
7
6


LNU814 
0.844 
1.70E−02 
7
8
LNU814
0.813 
2.62E−02 
7
4


LNU814 
0.892 
6.99E−03 
1
14
LNU814
0.735
5.99E−02 
1
8


LNU814 
0.756 
4.94E−02 
1
4
LNU814
0.789 
6.62E−03
6
6


LNU814 
0.782 
7.51E−03 
6
8
LNU814
0.770 
9.12E−03 
6
4


LNU814 
0.749 
8.63E−02 
2
3
LNU814
0.722 
1.05E−01 
2
16


LNU814 
0.859 
2.84E−02 
2
6
LNU814
0.964 
1.90E−03 
2
9


LNU814
0.884
1.94E−02 
2
18
LNU814
0.829
4.12E−02
2
17


LNU815 
0.803
5.42E−02 
2
9
LNU815
0.715
1.10E−01 
2
18


LNU816 
0.851
1.52E−02 
4
19
LNU816
0.825
2.24E−02 
4
5


LNU816 
0.799
5.66E−02 
1
1
LNU816
0.778
6.87E−02 
2
12


LNU818 
0.795
3.26E−02 
4
12
LNU818
0.726
6.45E−02
1
14


LNU818 
0.791
3.42E−02 
1
15
LNU818
0.727
6.40E−02 
1
11


LNU818 
0.788
3.54E−02 
1
9
LNU818
0.733
6.10E−02 
1
10


LNU818 
0.761
4.68E−02 
1
7
LNU818
0.792
3.36E−02 
1
12


LNU818 
0.735
3.76E−02 
8
13
LNU818
0.827
1.14E−02
8
11


LNU818 
0.732
3.88E−02 
8
10
LNU818
0.735
2.40E−02 
3
15


LNU819 
0.801
3.02E−02 
4
18
LNU819
0.726
6.45E−02 
1
3


LNU819 
0.787
3.58E−02 
1
6
LNU819
0.951
9.89E−04 
1
18


LNU820 
0.735
9.57E−02 
2
12
LNU821
0.840
9.08E−03 
5
3


LNU821 
0.759
2.90E−02 
5
16
LNU821
0.821
1.24E−02 
5
11


LNU821 
0.920
1.22E−03 
5
6
LNU821
0.810
1.48E−02 
5
4


LNU821 
0.864
5.63E−03 
5
17
LNU821
0.908
4.74E−03 
1
14


LNU821 
0.702
7.86E−02 
1
13
LNU821
0.729
6.31E−02 
1
6


LNU821 
0.796
3.23E−02 
1
8
LNU821
0.812
2.65E−02 
1
4


LNU821 
0.756
8.20E−02 
2
9
LNU821
0.752
8.49E−02 
2
18


LNU822 
0.753
8.42E−02 
4
1
LNU822
0.839
1.84E−02 
4
2


LNU822 
0.828
1.10E−02 
8
1
LNU822
0.730
3.99E−02 
8
14


LNU822 
0.961
1.45E−04 
8
13
LNU822
0.809
1.50E−02 
8
11


LNU822 
0.808
1.53E−02 
8
10
LNU822
0.948
3.34E−04 
8
2


LNU822 
0.898
2.48E−03 
8
7
LNU822
0.707
5.00E−02 
8
8


LNU823 
0.875
9.86E−03 
7
3
LNU823
0.790
3.44E−02 
7
16


LNU823 
0.905
5.13E−03 
7
6
LNU823
0.950
1.02E−03 
7
18


LNU823 
0.715
7.07E−02 
7
19
LNU823
0.774
4.10E−02
7
8


LNU823 
0.838
1.86E−02 
7
4
LNU823
0.806
2.85E−02
7
17


LNU823 
0.818
1.31E−02 
8
12
LNU823
0.770
7.33E−02 
2
9


LNU824 
0.702
5.24E−02 
5
2
LNU824
0.835
9.85E−03 
5
12


LNU824 
0.704
7.74E−02 
1
5
LNU824
0.780
2.25E−02 
3
1


LNU824 
0.705
3.39E−02 
3
5
LNU824
0.849
3.25E−02 
2
12


LNU825 
0.802
5.48E−02 
2
12
LNU829
0.931
7.75E−04
8
1


LNU829 
0.781
2.22E−02 
8
13
LNU829
0.876
4.34E−03 
8
19


LNU829 
0.813
1.42E−02 
8
2
LNU829
0.787
2.05E−02 
8
5


LNU829 
0.781
2.21E−02 
8
7
LNU829
0.756
3.00E−02 
8
8


LNU830 
0.751
8.50E−02 
2
9
LNU830
0.772
7.20E−02 
2
18


LNU831 
0.714
4.67E−02 
8
2
LNU831
0.704
5.13E−02 
8
7


LNU831 
0.743
1.39E−02 
6
8
LNU832
0.712
7.28E−02 
7
3


LNU832 
0.764
4.57E−02 
7
16
LNU832
0.761
4.68E−02
7
11


LNU832 
0.835
1.93E−02 
7
10
LNU832
0.774
4.12E−02 
7
19


LNU832 
0.897
6.13E−03 
7
5
LNU832
0.788
3.54E−02 
7
7


LNU832 
0.865
1.20E−02 
7
12
LNU832
0.745
5.44E−02 
7
17


LNU832 
0.788
3.54E−02 
1
15
LNU832
0.760
4.76E−02 
1
13


LNU832 
0.758
4.85E−02 
1
9
LNU832
0.714
7.14E−02 
1
10


LNU832 
0.756
4.91E−02 
1
7
LNU832
0.749
3.25E−02 
8
12


LNU832 
0.707
2.22E−02 
6
10
LNU832
0.828
3.07E−03 
6
12


LNU832 
0.857
3.15E−03 
3
15
LNU832
0.714
3.08E−02
3
10


LNU832 
0.729
2.59E−02 
3
12
LNU832
0.780
6.70E−02
2
12


LNU833 
0.810
5.08E−02 
7
1
LNU833
0.805
1.60E−02 
8
1


LNU833 
0.701
5.27E−02 
8
14
LNU833
0.780
2.25E−02 
8
2


LNU833 
0.746
8.84E−02 
2
14
LNU834
0.718
6.89E−02 
4
3


LNU834 
0.754
5.05E−02 
4
6
LNU834
0.717
6.99E−02 
4
10


LNU834 
0.717
6.96E−02 
4
19
LNU834
0.867
1.15E−02
4
5


LNU834 
0.704
7.77E−02 
4
7
LNU834
0.733
6.11E−02 
4
8


LNU834 
0.724
6.56E−02 
4
12
LNU834
0.707
7.58E−02 
4
4


LNU834 
0.843
1.72E−02 
7
15
LNU834
0.855
1.42E−02 
7
21


LNU834 
0.883
8.46E−03 
7
9
LNU834
0.828
2.14E−02 
7
12


LNU834 
0.717
6.97E−02 
1
15
LNU834
0.747
5.38E−02 
1
9


LNU834 
0.778
3.93E−02 
1
10
LNU834
0.857
1.36E−02 
1
12


LNU834 
0.972
5.30E−05 
8
13
LNU834
0.876
4.37E−03 
8
11


LNU834 
0.958
1.78E−04 
8
10
LNU834
0.776
2.35E−02 
8
2


LNU834 
0.876
4.30E−03 
8
7
LNU834
0.708
4.92E−02 
8
8


LNU834 
0.729
4.01E−02 
8
4
LNU834
0.747
2.09E−02 
3
3


LNU834 
0.828
5.89E−03 
3
16
LNU834
0.859
3.03E−03 
3
15


LNU834 
0.840
4.61E−03 
3
13
LNU834
0.915
5.41E−04 
3
11


LNU834 
0.723
2.77E−02 
3
6
LNU834
0.720
2.88E−02 
3
9


LNU834 
0.943
1.39E−04 
3
10
LNU834
0.874
2.06E−03
3
19


LNU834 
0.778
1.35E−02 
3
5
LNU834
0.883
1.63E−03 
3
7


LNU834 
0.906
7.68E−04 
3
12
LNU834
0.708
3.28E−02 
3
4


LNU834 
0.835
5.12E−03 
3
17
LNU834
0.765
7.62E−02 
2
15


LNU834 
0.703
1.20E−01 
2
9
LNU834
0.775
7.00E−02 
2
18


LNU834 
0.860
2.81E−02 
2
12
LNU835
0.716
7.01E−02 
4
16


LNU835 
0.734
6.03E−02 
4
15
LNU835
0.807
2.83E−02 
4
9


LNU835 
0.791
3.43E−02 
4
10
LNU835
0.846
1.64E−02 
4
19


LNU835 
0.777
3.98E−02 
4
5
LNU835
0.917
3.64E−03 
4
12


LNU835 
0.766
4.45E−02 
1
3
LNU835
0.805
2.89E−02 
1
16


LNU835 
0.707
7.55E−02 
1
9
LNU835
0.753
5.07E−02 
1
10


LNU835 
0.960
6.02E−04 
1
19
LNU835
0.930
2.38E−03 
1
5


LNU835 
0.791
3.42E−02 
1
7
LNU835
0.841
1.77E−02 
1
8


LNU835 
0.746
5.42E−02 
1
12
LNU835
0.728
6.34E−02 
1
4


LNU835 
0.732
6.14E−02 
1
17
LNU835
0.758
8.07E−02 
2
9


LNU835 
0.882
2.00E−02 
2
12
LNU837
0.822
2.32E−02 
1
14


LNU837 
0.703
7.79E−02 
1
4
LNU837
0.778
2.31E−02 
8
11


LNU837 
0.755
3.02E−02 
8
7
LNU837
0.845
3.40E−02 
2
14


LNU837 
0.907
1.26E−02 
2
5
LNU838
0.819
1.29E−02 
5
19


LNU838 
0.711
4.80E−02 
5
5
LNU838
0.860
2.80E−02 
2
9


LNU838 
0.948
4.01E−03 
2
18
LNU839
0.717
6.99E−02 
4
10


LNU839 
0.717
6.96E−02 
4
19
LNU839
0.867
1.15E−02 
4
5


LNU839 
0.704
7.77E−02 
4
7
LNU839
0.724
6.56E−02 
4
12


LNU839 
0.972
5.30E−05 
8
13
LNU839
0.876
4.37E−03
8
11


LNU839 
0.958
1.78E−04 
8
10
LNU839
0.776
2.35E−02
8
2


LNU839 
0.876
4.30E−03 
8
7
LNU839
0.708
4.92E−02
8
8


LNU839 
0.729
4.01E−02 
8
4
LNU839
0.765
7.62E−02 
2
15


LNU839 
0.703
1.20E−01 
2
9
LNU839
0.775
7.00E−02 
2
18


LNU840 
0.759
4.77E−02 
1
19
LNU840
0.781
3.80E−02 
1
8


LNU840
0.834
3.89E−02
2
18
LNU841
0.707
7.55E−02
7
16


LNU841 
0.755
5.00E−02 
7
10
LNU841
0.774
4.10E−02
7
19


LNU841 
0.861
1.29E−02 
7
5
LNU841
0.855
1.43E−02
7
12


LNU841 
0.704
2.31E−02 
6
3
LNU841
0.824
3.36E−03 
6
8


LNU841 
0.775
8.41E−03 
6
4
LNU843
0.736
5.94E−02 
7
3


LNU843 
0.796
3.22E−02 
7
16
LNU843
0.776
4.03E−02
7
21


LNU843 
0.729
6.29E−02 
7
9
LNU843
0.806
2.85E−02
7
10


LNU843 
0.866
1.17E−02 
7
19
LNU843
0.793
3.33E−02 
7
5


LNU843 
0.721
6.77E−02 
7
7
LNU843
0.866
1.18E−02 
7
12


LNU843 
0.770
4.28E−02 
7
17
LNU843
0.754
5.02E−02 
1
15


LNU845 
0.801
3.03E−02 
7
6
LNU845
0.877
9.48E−03 
7
18


LNU845 
0.703
7.84E−02 
7
4
LNU845
0.708
7.51E−02 
7
17


LNU845 
0.834
3.90E−02 
2
14
LNU845
0.711
1.13E−01 
2
5


LNU846 
0.817
2.49E−02 
7
3
LNU846
0.777
4.00E−02 
7
16


LNU846 
0.721
6.76E−02 
7
13
LNU846
0.777
3.97E−02
7
11


LNU846 
0.889
7.41E−03 
7
6
LNU846
0.894
6.59E−03
7
18


LNU846 
0.796
3.22E−02 
7
4
LNU846
0.834
1.97E−02 
7
17


LNU846 
0.733
9.72E−02 
2
9
LNU846
0.724
1.04E−01 
2
12





Table 51. Provided are the correlations (R) between the expression levels yield improving genes and their homologs in various tissues [Expression (Exp) sets] and the phenotypic performance [yield, biomass, growth rate and/or vigor components (Correlation vector (Cor))] under normal conditions across maize varieties.


P = p value.






Example 8
Production of Maize Transcriptom and High Throughput Correlation Analysis with Yield and NUE Related Parameters when Grown Under Reduced Nitrogen Fertilization Using 60K Maize Oligonucleotide Micro-Arrays
In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a maize oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem. (dot) agilent (dot) com/Scripts/PDS (dot) asp?1Page=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 44,000 maize genes and transcripts.
Correlation of Maize Hybrids Across Ecotypes Grown Under Low Nitrogen Conditions
Experimental Procedures
12 Maize hybrids were grown in 3 repetitive plots, in field. Maize seeds were planted and plants were grown in the field using commercial fertilization and irrigation protocols (485 metric cubes of water per dunam, 30 units of uran 21% fertilization per entire growth period). In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with NUE and yield components or vigor related parameters, the 12 different maize hybrids were analyzed. Among them, 11 hybrids encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot) com/hyperstat/A34739 (dot) html].
Analyzed Maize tissues—All 10 selected maize hybrids were sampled per each treatment (low N and normal conditions), in three time points: TP2=V6-V8 (six to eight collar leaf are visible, rapid growth phase and kernel row determination begins), TP5=R1-R2 (silking-blister), TP6=R3-R4 (milk-dough). Four types of plant tissues [Ear, flag leaf indicated in Tables 52-53 as leaf, grain distal part, and internode] were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Tables 52-53 below.







TABLE 52







Maize under low N conditions transcriptom expression sets










Expression Set
Set ID







Maize field/Low/N/Ear/TP5
1



Maize field/Low/N/Ear/TP6
2



Maize field/Low/N/Internodes/TP2
3



Maize field/Low/N/Internodes/TP5
4



Maize field/Low/N/Leaf/TP5
5



Maize field/Low/N/Leaf/TP6
6







Table 52: Provided are the maize transcriptom expression sets.



Leaf = the leaf below the main ear;



Flower meristem = Apical meristem following male flower initiation;



Ear = the female flower at the anthesis day.



Grain Distal = maize developing grains from the cob extreme area,



Grain Basal = maize developing grains from the cob basal area;



Internodes = internodes located above and below the main ear in the plant.













TABLE 53







Maize under normal conditions transcriptom expression sets








Set ID
Expression Set





1
Maize field/Normal/Ear/R1-R2


2
Maize field/Normal/Ear/R3-R4


3
Maize field Normal/Grain/Distal/R4-R5


4
Maize field Normal/Internode/R1-R2


5
Maize field Normal/Internode/R3-R4


6
Maize field Normal/Internode/V6-V8


7
Maize field Normal/Leaf/R1-R2


8
Maize field Normal/Leaf/V6-V8





Table 53: Provided are the maize transcriptom expression sets.


Leaf = the leaf below the main ear;


Flower meristem = Apical meristem following male flower initiation;


Ear = the female flower at the anthesis day.


Grain Distal = maize developing grains from the cob extreme area,


Grain Basal = maize developing grains from the cob basal area;


Internodes = internodes located above and below the main ear in the plant.






The following parameters were collected were collected either by sampling 6 plants per plot or by measuring the parameter across all the plants within the plot.
Seed yield per plant (Kg.)—At the end of the experiment all ears from plots within blocks A-C were collected. 6 ears were separately threshed and grains were weighted, all additional ears were threshed together and weighted as well. The average grain weight per ear was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by number of total ears per plot (based on plot). In case of 6 ears, the total grains weight of 6 ears was divided by 6.
Ear weight per plot (gr.)—At the end of the experiment (when ears were harvested) total and 6 selected ears per plots within blocks were collected separately. The plants with (total and 6) were weighted (gr.) separately and the average ear per plant was calculated for Ear weight per plot (total of 42 plants per plot).
Plant height and Ear height—Plants were characterized for height at harvesting. In each measure, 6 plants were measured for their height using a measuring tape. Height was measured from ground level to top of the plant below the tassel. Ear height was measured from the ground level to the place were the main ear is located.
Leaf number per plant—Plants were characterized for leaf number during growing period at 5 time points. In each measure, plants were measured for their leaf number by counting all the leaves of 3 selected plants per plot.
SPAD—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed 64 days post sowing. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaf. Seven measurements per leaf were taken per plot. Data were taken after once per weeks after sowing.
Dry weight per plant—At the end of the experiment (when Inflorescence were dry) all vegetative material from plots within blocks A-C were collected.
Dry weight=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours;
Ear length of Filled Ear [cm]—it was calculated as the length of the ear with grains out of the total ear.
Ear length and width [cm]—it was calculated as the length and width of the ear in the filled. Measurement was performed in 6 plants per each plot.
Kernel Row Number per Ear—The number of rows in each ear was counted.
Stalk width [cm]—The diameter of the stalk was measured in the internode located below the main ear. Measurement was performed in 6 plants per each plot.
Leaf area index [LAI]=total leaf area of all plants in a plot. Measurement was performed using a Leaf area-meter.
NUE [kg/kg]—is the ratio between total grain yield per total N applied in soil.
NUpE [kg/kg]—is the ratio between total plant biomass per total N applied in soil.
Yield/stalk width [kg/cm]—is the ratio between total grain yields and the width of the stalk.
Yield/LAI [kg]—is the ratio between total grain yields and total leaf area index.
Experimental Results
11 different maize hybrids were grown and characterized for different parameters. Tables 54-55 describe the Maize correlated parameters. The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software (Tables 56-59) and a subsequent correlation analysis was performed (Tables 60-61). Results were then integrated to the database.







TABLE 54







Maize under low N conditions correlated parameters (vectors)








Correlation ID
Correlated parameter with











1
Low N—Ear Length [cm]


2
Low N—Ear length of filled area [cm]


3
Low N—Ear with [mm]


4
Low N—Final Leaf Number


5
Low N—Final Main Ear Height [cm]


6
Low N—Final Plant Height [cm]


7
Low N—No of rows per ear


8
Low N—SPAD R1-2


9
Low N—SPAD R3-R4


10
Low N—Stalk width 20/08/09 close to TP5 [cm]


11
Low N—Ear weight per plot 



( 42 plants per plot) [0 RH] [kg]


12
Low N—Final Plant DW [kg]


13
Low N—LAI


14
Low N—NUE yield kg/N applied in soil kg


15
Low N—NUE at early grain filling 



[R1-R2] yield Kg/N in plant SPAD


16
Low N—NUE at grain filling [R3-R4] 



yield Kg/N in plant SPAD


17
Low N—NUpE [biomass/N applied]


18
Low N—Seed yield per dunam [kg]


19
Low N—Yield/LAI


20
Low N—Yield/stalk width


21
Low N—seed yield per 1 plant rest 



of the plot [0-RH in Kg]





Table 54. “cm” = centimeters' 


“mm” = millimeters;


“kg” = kilograms;


SPAD at R1-R2 and SPAD R3-R4: Chlorophyl level after early and late stages of grain filling;


“NUE” = nitrogen use efficiency;


“NUpE” = nitrogen uptake efficiency;


“LAI” = leaf area;


“N” = nitrogen;


Low N = under low Nitrogen conditions;


“Normal” = under normal conditions;


“dunam” = 1000 m2.













TABLE 55







Maize under normal conditions correlated parameters (vectors)








Correlation 



ID
Correlated parameter with











1
Normal—Final Plant DW [kg]


2
Normal—Ear Length [cm]


3
Normal—Ear length of filled area [cm]


4
Normal—Ear with [mm]


5
Normal—Final Leaf Number [number]


6
Normal—Final Main Ear Height [cm]


7
Normal—Final Plant Height [cm]


8
Normal—No of rows per ear


9
Normal—SPAD R1-2


10
Normal—SPAD R3-R4


11
Normal—Stalk width TP5 [mm]


12
Normal—Ear weight per plot [kg]


13
Normal—LAI


14
Normal—NUE yield kg/N applied in soil kg


15
Normal—NUE at early grain filling 



[R1-R2] yield Kg/N in plant SPAD 


16
Normal—NUE at grain filling [R3-R4] 



yield Kg/N in plant SPAD


17
Normal—NUpE [biomass/N applied]


18
Normal—Seed yield per dunam [kg]


19
Normal—Yield/LAI


20
Normal—Yield/stalk width


21
Normal—seed yield per 1 plant rest 



of the plot [0-RH in Kg]





Table 55. “cm” = centimeters' 


“mm” = millimeters;


“kg” = kilograms;


SPAD at R1-R2 and SPAD R3-R4: Chlorophyl level after early and late stages of grain filling;


“NUE” = nitrogen use efficiency;


“NUpE” = nitrogen uptake efficiency;


“LAI” = leaf area;


“N” = nitrogen;


Low N = under low Nitrogen conditions;


“Normal” = under normal conditions;


“dunam” = 1000 m2.













TABLE 56







Measured parameters in Maize accessions under normal conditions









Corr. ID


















Line
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11





















Line-1
1.267
19.944
16.233
51.075
11.800
130.311
273.456
16.11
56.889
59.933
2.911


Line-2
1.300
20.167
17.500
46.290
11.111
122.333
260.500
14.667
57.161
60.900
2.644


Line-3
1.333
18.111
17.722
45.919
13.278
127.667
288.000
15.444
59.272
56.892
2.711


Line-4
1.500
19.889
18.444
47.632
11.778
113.022
238.500
15.889
61.611
58.700
2.900


Line-5
1.300
19.500
15.667
51.407
11.944
135.278
286.944
16.167
58.628
58.700
2.700


Line-6
1.583
17.722
14.667
47.420
12.333
94.278
224.833
15.167
61.228
63.158
2.622


Line-7
1.417
17.667
12.944
47.253
12.444
120.944
264.444
16.000
60.167
59.750
2.922


Line-8
1.367
17.278
14.028
46.846
12.222
107.722
251.611
14.833
61.089
62.350
2.722


Line-9
11.383
20.500
18.778
49.275
12.556
112.500
278.444
15.389
62.200
61.925
2.844


Line-10
1.700
17.500
12.333
48.283
11.667
139.667
279.000
17.667
57.506
57.225
2.656


Line-11
0.417
19.856
16.067
41.837
9.278
60.444
163.778
14.267
52.044
49.342
2.256





Table 56. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in maize accessions (line ID) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 57







Additional Measured parameters in Maize accessions under normal conditions









Corr. ID

















Line
12
14
15
16
17
18
20
21
13
19




















Line-1
8.943
4.452
23.431
24.978
0.008
1335.625
456.707
0.167
3.208
426.086


Line-2
7.023
3.624
19.052
17.807
0.009
1087.058
412.443
0.136
3.947
312.975


Line-3
7.533
4.008
20.293
20.332
0.009
1202.532
443.368
0.150
3.332
307.277


Line-4
7.991
4.237
20.719
19.957
0.010
1271.204
438.705
0.159
4.012
362.442


Line-5
8.483
4.010
20.486
19.026
0.009
1202.966
446.659
0.150
3.864
314.138


Line-6
5.632
3.124
15.360
13.904
0.011
937.083
356.950
0.117
4.191
224.582


Line-7
6.100
3.286
16.383
16.234
0.009
985.893
337.486
0.123
3.969
266.437


Line-8
6.659
3.500
17.191
17.214
0.009
1050.131
385.790
0.131
4.322
261.664


Line-9
8.402
4.551
21.955
21.017
0.076
1365.293
481.942
0.171
2.888
482.329


Line-10
8.215
4.087
20.994
21.529
0.004
1226.077
471.568
0.153
4.306



Line-11
1.879
1.003
5.725
5.519
0.003
300.928
139.728
0.038





Table 57. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in maize accessions (line ID) under normal conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 58







Measured parameters in Maize accessions under low Nitrogen conditions









Corr. ID


















Line
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11





















Line-1
20.614
18.398
46.713
15.024
158.076
305.836
14.181
60.236
59.286
2.764
6.605


Line-2
20.976
18.417
48.222
11.643
136.238
270.929
15.214
57.938
57.621
2.419
7.974


Line-3
20.222
19.778
48.323
13.500
128.389
290.611
15.000
58.761
58.400
2.650
9.634


Line-4
20.111
18.833
49.863
11.611
133.056
252.167
15.667
59.478
59.189
2.767
9.222


Line-5
20.111
16.222
52.873
11.833
137.833
260.222
16.000
58.500
58.194
2.672
7.630


Line-6
18.500
16.000
47.436
11.889
99.556
227.222
15.944
64.039
62.667
2.594
7.215


Line-7
19.056
15.278
49.609
12.556
130.167
271.722
15.556
56.422
61.044
2.983
7.917


Line-8
18.250
15.694
48.567
11.667
114.611
248.611
14.500
60.000
59.867
2.611
28.961


Line-9
20.095
16.771
52.406
12.443
143.862
279.329
16.410
58.317
57.467
2.650
7.797


Line-10
17.806
14.056
42.634
9.278
61.611
171.278
14.367
53.061
49.611
2.278
2.410


Line-11
21.250
19.556
50.003
13.167
114.444
269.778
15.744
61.717
61.867
2.817
9.775





Table 58: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in maize accessions (line ID) under low nitrogen conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 59







Additional measured parameters in Maize accessions under low Nitrogen conditions









Corr. ID

















Line
12
14
15
16
17
18
20
21
13
19




















Line-1
1.593
7.225
18.023
18.352
0.011
1083.749
416.532
0.135
2.923
341.501


Line-2
1.429
8.411
21.787
21.919
0.010
1261.635
528.383
0.158
3.155
408.093


Line-3
1.533
10.328
26.335
26.479
0.010
1549.245
583.458
0.194
3.330
464.768


Line-4
1.950
9.986
25.144
25.333
0.013
1497.865
541.017
0.187
2.873
522.258


Line-5
1.483
7.626
19.547
19.685
0.010
1143.850
428.089
0.143
2.786
439.525


Line-6
1.600
7.728
18.049
18.541
0.011
1159.260
444.294
0.145
3.764
312.581


Line-7
1.583
8.049
21.388
19.785
0.011
1207.424
407.200
0.151
3.499
345.901


Line-8
1.283
8.334
20.788
20.917
0.009
1250.052
477.438
0.156
5.016
287.735


Line-9
1.514
7.640
19.676
19.935
0.010
1146.036
445.604
0.143




Line-10
0.433
2.555
7.213
7.722
0.003
383.219
167.902
0.048




Line-11
1.517
10.599
25.702
25.902
0.010
1589.914
562.294
0.199
3.157
501.239





Table 59: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in maize accessions (line ID) under low nitrogen conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 60







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some 


embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic 


performance under normal conditions across maize varieties




















Cor.




Cor.


Gene


Exp.
Set
Gene


Exp.
Set


Name
R
P value
set
ID
Name
R
P value
set
ID



















LNU811
0.880
2.07E−02
1
13
LNU811
0.809
5.10E−02
5
13


LNU811
0.748
3.29E−02
2
12
LNU811
0.896
2.58E−03
2
4


LNU811
0.814
1.39E−02
2
8
LNU811
0.855
3.02E−02
6
13


LNU813
0.945
4.45E−03
5
5
LNU813
0.934
6.46E−03
5
10


LNU813
0.825
4.34E−02
5
9
LNU813
0.718
4.48E−02
2
17


LNU813
0.757
2.96E−02
2
11
LNU813
0.718
4.48E−02
2
1


LNU813
0.747
5.37E−02
4
17
LNU813
0.747
5.37E−02
4
1


LNU813
0.849
7.73E−03
3
10
LNU813
0.809
2.74E−02
6
7


LNU813
0.704
7.72E−02
6
10
LNU813
0.701
7.93E−02
6
16


LNU813
0.851
1.52E−02
6
6
LNU813
0.743
5.58E−02
6
9


LNU814
0.766
4.47E−02
1
8
LNU814
0.976
8.47E−04
5
17


LNU814
0.713
1.11E−01
5
3
LNU814
0.976
8.47E−04
5
1


LNU814
0.725
1.03E−01
5
9
LNU814
0.702
1.20E−01
5
19


LNU814
0.745
3.41E−02
2
11
LNU814
0.718
6.94E−02
4
3


LNU814
0.757
4.90E−02
4
6
LNU814
0.847
1.61E−02
4
8


LNU814
0.711
7.30E−02
6
8
LNU815
0.736
3.72E−02
2
10


LNU815
0.845
8.22E−03
3
12
LNU815
0.833
1.02E−02
3
15


LNU815
0.761
2.83E−02
3
14
LNU815
0.877
4.20E−03
3
4


LNU815
0.881
3.87E−03
3
16
LNU815
0.761
2.83E−02
3
18


LNU815
0.761
2.83E−02
3
21
LNU815
0.725
4.20E−02
3
19


LNU815
0.794
1.87E−02
7
13
LNU816
0.807
5.22E−02
1
19


LNU816
0.710
7.39E−02
1
2
LNU816
0.945
4.48E−03
5
13


LNU816
0.711
4.80E−02
2
10
LNU816
0.866
2.58E−02
4
13


LNU816
0.705
5.09E−02
3
5
LNU816
0.833
2.01E−02
6
7


LNU816
0.738
5.82E−02
6
16
LNU816
0.726
6.47E−02
6
6


LNU816
0.816
7.34E−03
7
11
LNU816
0.759
1.78E−02
7
9


LNU817
0.728
1.01E−01
5
11
LNU818
0.708
7.51E−02
1
12


LNU818
0.731
6.18E−02
1
11
LNU818
0.879
9.14E−03
1
5


LNU818
0.719
6.85E−02
1
14
LNU818
0.907
4.80E−03
1
4


LNU818
0.937
1.84E−03
1
10
LNU818
0.719
6.85E−02
1
18


LNU818
0.719
6.85E−02
1
21
LNU818
0.814
2.60E−02
1
9


LNU818
0.721
6.75E−02
1
20
LNU818
0.741
9.18E−02
5
11


LNU818
0.796
5.80E−02
5
10
LNU818
0.766
7.60E−02
5
8


LNU818
0.758
2.94E−02
2
4
LNU818
0.789
2.00E−02
3
10


LNU818
0.869
2.47E−02
6
13
LNU818
0.700
7.98E−02
6
11


LNU818
0.758
4.81E−02
6
10
LNU818
0.805
8.91E−03
7
10


LNU818
0.801
9.46E−03
7
9
LNU819
0.772
4.19E−02
1
3


LNU819
0.770
7.32E−02
1
19
LNU819
0.773
4.15E−02
1
2


LNU819
0.813
4.92E−02
5
5
LNU819
0.722
1.83E−02
8
7


LNU819
0.769
9.28E−03
8
5
LNU819
0.709
2.18E−02
8
6


LNU819
0.742
5.64E−02
4
10
LNU819
0.713
4.73E−02
3
17


LNU819
0.713
4.73E−02
3
1
LNU819
0.727
6.44E−02
6
4


LNU820
0.714
4.66E−02
3
3
LNU820
0.749
3.25E−02
3
2


LNU821
0.702
7.87E−02
1
5
LNU821
0.753
5.08E−02
1
8


LNU822
0.824
1.18E−02
7
13
LNU823
0.705
7.67E−02
4
11


LNU823
0.879
9.16E−03
4
3
LNU823
0.795
3.25E−02
4
8


LNU823
0.812
4.97E−02
4
19
LNU823
0.717
4.54E−02
3
9


LNU823
0.710
7.37E−02
6
17
LNU823
0.710
7.37E−02
6
1


LNU823
0.702
3.50E−02
7
9
LNU824
0.704
7.74E−02
1
6


LNU824
0.791
1.93E−02
2
11
LNU824
0.764
2.72E−02
2
9


LNU824
0.754
1.89E−02
7
6
LNU825
0.725
4.18E−02
2
4


LNU825
0.706
5.04E−02
3
2
LNU828
0.829
4.12E−02
5
5


LNU829
0.894
2.72E−03
2
7
LNU829
0.771
2.52E−02
2
6


LNU829
0.907
7.49E−04
7
17
LNU829
0.907
7.49E−04
7
1


LNU830
0.862
2.73E−02
5
9
LNU830
0.738
3.67E−02
2
11


LNU831
0.790
3.44E−02
4
3
LNU832
0.734
6.02E−02
1
7


LNU832
0.932
2.24E−03
1
5
LNU832
0.714
1.11E−01
5
10


LNU832
0.778
3.92E−02
4
7
LNU832
0.809
2.74E−02
4
12


LNU832
0.747
5.34E−02
4
11
LNU832
0.814
2.60E−02
4
15


LNU832
0.780
3.86E−02
4
14
LNU832
0.822
2.33E−02
4
16


LNU832
0.917
3.65E−03
4
6
LNU832
0.780
3.86E−02
4
18


LNU832
0.780
3.86E−02
4
21
LNU832
0.803
2.98E−02
4
20


LNU832
0.722
6.68E−02
6
5
LNU832
0.703
3.48E−02
7
11


LNU832
0.809
8.29E−03
7
5
LNU832
0.709
3.24E−02
7
10


LNU832
0.795
1.05E−02
7
9
LNU833
0.843
3.50E−02
5
5


LNU833
0.728
1.01E−01
5
4
LNU833
0.789
1.99E−02
2
5


LNU833
0.823
3.43E−03
8
10
LNU833
0.710
7.40E−02
4
3


LNU833
0.721
4.37E−02
3
10
LNU833
0.740
9.27E−02
6
13


LNU833
0.702
7.84E−02
6
10
LNU833
0.884
3.56E−03
7
13


LNU834
0.935
6.23E−03
1
13
LNU834
0.847
1.62E−02
1
10


LNU834
0.754
5.01E−02
1
9
LNU834
0.853
3.08E−02
5
4


LNU834
0.804
5.40E−02
5
10
LNU834
0.712
1.13E−01
5
19


LNU834
0.807
5.22E−02
5
2
LNU834
0.707
5.00E−02
2
8


LNU834
0.727
1.73E−02
8
15
LNU834
0.731
1.64E−02
8
16


LNU834
0.735
2.42E−02
8
19
LNU834
0.792
3.39E−02
4
4


LNU834
0.947
1.20E−03
4
10
LNU834
0.871
1.07E−02
6
17


LNU834
0.720
6.82E−02
6
4
LNU834
0.820
2.38E−02
6
6


LNU834
0.871
1.07E−02
6
1
LNU834
0.825
4.33E−02
6
19


LNU834
0.706
7.62E−02
6
20
LNU834
0.779
1.33E−02
7
7


LNU834
0.801
9.44E−03
7
12
LNU834
0.716
3.00E−02
7
11


LNU834
0.742
2.22E−02
7
15
LNU834
0.768
1.57E−02
7
14


LNU834
0.853
3.46E−03
7
4
LNU834
0.712
3.13E−02
7
10


LNU834
0.761
1.73E−02
7
6
LNU834
0.768
1.57E−02
7
18


LNU834
0.768
1.57E−02
7
21
LNU834
0.764
1.65E−02
7
20


LNU835
0.966
3.91E−04
1
7
LNU835
0.793
3.32E−02
1
12


LNU835
0.743
5.55E−02
1
5
LNU835
0.816
2.52E−02
1
15


LNU835
0.778
3.92E−02
1
14
LNU835
0.836
1.91E−02
1
16


LNU835
0.915
3.86E−03
1
6
LNU835
0.778
3.92E−02
1
18


LNU835
0.778
3.92E−02
1
21
LNU835
0.822
2.34E−02
1
20


LNU835
0.753
8.37E−02
5
10
LNU835
0.772
2.48E−02
2
10


LNU835
0.881
8.80E−03
6
7
LNU835
0.811
2.69E−02
6
12


LNU835
0.711
7.35E−02
6
11
LNU835
0.724
6.57E−02
6
5


LNU835
0.809
2.76E−02
6
15
LNU835
0.801
3.06E−02
6
14


LNU835
0.759
4.77E−02
6
4
LNU835
0.821
2.36E−02
6
10


LNU835
0.812
2.66E−02
6
16
LNU835
0.814
2.59E−02
6
6


LNU835
0.801
3.06E−02
6
18
LNU835
0.801
3.06E−02
6
21


LNU835
0.833
2.00E−02
6
20
LNU837
0.713
7.24E−02
1
11


LNU837
0.879
9.15E−03
1
8
LNU837
0.737
9.44E−02
5
7


LNU837
0.845
3.41E−02
5
6
LNU837
0.731
2.54E−02
8
19


LNU837
0.752
5.14E−02
4
2
LNU838
0.821
4.54E−02
5
17


LNU838
0.715
1.10E−01
5
3
LNU838
0.821
4.54E−02
5
1


LNU838
0.784
2.14E−02
3
7
LNU838
0.717
4.53E−02
3
6


LNU839
0.853
3.08E−02
5
4
LNU839
0.712
1.13E−01
5
19


LNU839
0.807
5.22E−02
5
2
LNU839
0.707
5.00E−02
2
8


LNU839
0.820
2.38E−02
6
6
LNU840
0.842
1.74E−02
1
7


LNU840
0.701
7.90E−02
1
6
LNU840
0.884
1.95E−02
5
17


LNU840
0.884
1.95E−02
5
1
LNU841
0.754
5.01E−02
4
7


LNU841
0.761
4.68E−02
4
12
LNU841
0.781
3.80E−02
4
15


LNU841
0.729
6.29E−02
4
14
LNU841
0.760
4.76E−02
4
16


LNU841
0.894
6.56E−03
4
6
LNU841
0.729
6.29E−02
4
18


LNU841
0.729
6.29E−02
4
21
LNU841
0.769
4.32E−02
4
20


LNU843
0.761
4.69E−02
1
4
LNU843
0.726
6.49E−02
1
9


LNU843
0.717
1.97E−02
8
5
LNU843
0.828
2.15E−02
4
7


LNU843
0.864
1.21E−02
4
12
LNU843
0.800
3.08E−02
4
11


LNU843
0.852
1.48E−02
4
15
LNU843
0.840
1.79E−02
4
14


LNU843
0.742
5.64E−02
4
4
LNU843
0.717
6.98E−02
4
10


LNU843
0.859
1.34E−02
4
16
LNU843
0.834
1.98E−02
4
6


LNU843
0.840
1.79E−02
4
18
LNU843
0.840
1.79E−02
4
21


LNU843
0.848
1.59E−02
4
20
LNU844
0.894
1.63E−02
5
5


LNU845
0.761
7.91E−02
5
6
LNU845
0.800
1.71E−02
2
17


LNU845
0.800
1.71E−02
2
1
LNU845
0.825
1.17E−02
2
9


LNU845
0.710
2.14E−02
8
11
LNU845
0.874
1.01E−02
4
8


LNU846
0.809
5.14E−02
5
10
LNU846
0.787
2.06E−02
2
12


LNU846
0.865
5.50E−03
2
4
LNU846
0.707
4.99E−02
2
19


LNU846
0.735
1.55E−02
8
11
LNU846
0.706
2.26E−02
8
8


LNU846
0.746
5.39E−02
4
12
LNU846
0.819
2.41E−02
4
11


LNU846
0.737
5.88E−02
4
15
LNU846
0.771
4.23E−02
4
14


LNU846
0.796
3.24E−02
4
4
LNU846
0.703
7.81E−02
4
16


LNU846
0.771
4.23E−02
4
18
LNU846
0.899
5.94E−03
4
8


LNU846
0.771
4.23E−02
4
21
LNU846
0.726
6.45E−02
4
9


LNU846
0.755
8.24E−02
4
19
LNU846
0.724
6.56E−02
4
20


LNU846
0.809
8.33E−03
7
3
LNU846
0.849
7.69E−03
7
19


LNU846
0.746
2.09E−02
7
2





Table 60. Provided are the correlations (R) between the expression levels yield improving genes and their homologs in various tissues [Expression (Exp) sets] and the phenotypic performance [yield, biomass, growth rate and/or vigor components (Correlation vector (Cor))] under normal conditions across maize varieties.


P = p value.













TABLE 61







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some 


embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic 


performance under low N conditions across maize varieties




















Corr.




Corr.


Gene


Exp.
Set
Gene


Exp.
Set


Name
R
P value
set
ID
Name
R
P value
set
ID



















LNU811 
0.836
3.80E−02 
1
13
LNU811
0.782
2.18E−02 
5
19


LNU813 
0.876
2.22E−02 
1
13
LNU813
0.762
4.66E−02 
1
11


LNU813 
0.835
1.93E−02 
1
2
LNU813
0.731
6.18E−02 
1
1


LNU813 
0.766
1.61E−02 
5
7
LNU813
0.705
5.09E−02 
5
19


LNU813 
0.730
9.98E−02 
6
10
LNU813
0.842
3.53E−02
6
9


LNU813 
0.879
2.10E−02 
6
5
LNU813
0.941
5.07E−03 
6
6


LNU813 
0.708
1.16E−01 
6
15
LNU813
0.708
1.15E−01
6
19


LNU813 
0.733
9.77E−02 
6
1
LNU813
0.727
1.73E−02 
3
10


LNU813 
0.766
9.82E−03 
3
9
LNU813
0.843
1.72E−02 
8
13


LNU813 
0.726
6.48E−02 
7
13
LNU813
0.702
5.21E−02 
7
8


LNU813 
0.746
5.42E−02 
4
6
LNU814
0.832
3.97E−02
1
19


LNU814
0.923
3.02E−03 
1
2
LNU814
0.752
5.12E−02 
1
1


LNU814 
0.713
7.21E−02 
1
16
LNU814
0.873
4.67E−03
5
13


LNU814 
0.786
2.07E−02 
5
19
LNU814
0.777
6.88E−02 
6
18


LNU814 
0.850
3.20E−02 
6
4
LNU814
0.776
6.94E−02 
6
8


LNU814 
0.777
6.88E−02 
6
14
LNU814
0.703
1.20E−01
6
20


LNU814 
0.897
1.54E−02 
6
6
LNU814
0.881
2.04E−02 
6
15


LNU814 
0.808
5.18E−02 
6
19
LNU814
0.777
6.88E−02
6
2


LNU814 
0.777
6.88E−02 
6
21
LNU814
0.833
3.95E−02 
6
16


LNU814 
0.785
3.64E−02 
8
13
LNU814
0.752
3.14E−02 
8
10


LNU814 
0.727
4.08E−02 
8
4
LNU814
0.873
1.03E−02 
7
13


LNU814 
0.799
1.73E−02 
7
11
LNU814
0.826
2.21E−02
7
19


LNU814 
0.766
2.67E−02 
7
2
LNU814
0.774
2.43E−02 
2
10


LNU814 
0.802
3.02E−02 
4
5
LNU814
0.729
6.28E−02 
4
11


LNU814 
0.742
5.61E−02 
4
15
LNU814
0.839
1.83E−02
4
19


LNU814 
0.703
7.78E−02 
4
2
LNU814
0.709
7.47E−02 
4
16


LNU815 
0.775
7.03E−02 
6
13
LNU815
0.903
1.37E−02
6
11


LNU816 
0.830
2.08E−02 
1
1
LNU816
0.934
6.40E−03
6
3


LNU816 
0.815
4.09E−03 
3
9
LNU816
0.911
4.27E−03 
8
13


LNU816 
0.753
3.10E−02 
8
7
LNU816
0.883
8.36E−03 
7
13


LNU816 
0.910
1.71E−03 
7
11
LNU817
0.748
2.04E−02 
5
6


LNU817 
0.737
9.47E−02 
6
5
LNU817
0.708
4.94E−02
2
10


LNU817 
0.792
1.92E−02 
2
4
LNU817
0.916
1.41E−03 
2
5


LNU817 
0.893
2.82E−03 
2
6
LNU817
0.775
4.09E−02 
4
6


LNU818 
0.878
9.37E−03 
1
8
LNU818
0.844
8.44E−03 
5
13


LNU818 
0.705
3.40E−02 
5
11
LNU818
0.910
1.19E−02 
6
18


LNU818 
0.760
7.98E−02 
6
4
LNU818
0.709
1.15E−01
6
8


LNU818 
0.910
1.19E−02 
6
14
LNU818
0.716
1.10E−01
6
20


LNU818 
0.771
7.29E−02 
6
15
LNU818
0.796
5.84E−02 
6
19


LNU818 
0.742
9.11E−02 
6
2
LNU818
0.910
1.19E−02 
6
21


LNU818 
0.814
4.89E−02 
6
16
LNU818
0.806
8.77E−03
3
13


LNU818 
0.705
5.08E−02 
8
8
LNU818
0.828
1.12E−02 
7
8


LNU818 
0.882
8.69E−03 
2
13
LNU818
0.882
3.71E−03
2
11


LNU818 
0.776
4.04E−02 
4
9
LNU818
0.860
1.31E−02 
4
8


LNU819 
0.712
1.12E−01 
6
18
LNU819
0.712
1.12E−01
6
14


LNU819 
0.703
1.19E−01 
6
15
LNU819
0.889
1.78E−02 
6
19


LNU819 
0.946
4.29E−03 
6
1
LNU819
0.712
1.12E−01
6
21


LNU819 
0.742
5.63E−02 
4
17
LNU819
0.729
6.32E−02
4
8


LNU819 
0.859
1.32E−02 
4
7
LNU819
0.742
5.63E−02 
4
12


LNU820 
0.854
3.06E−02 
6
10
LNU820
0.748
8.71E−02
6
3


LNU820 
0.771
7.27E−02 
6
5
LNU820
0.738
3.67E−02 
8
17


LNU820 
0.738
3.67E−02 
8
12
LNU820
0.783
2.16E−02 
2
18


LNU820 
0.783
2.16E−02 
2
14
LNU820
0.826
1.15E−02 
2
20


LNU820 
0.778
2.29E−02 
2
15
LNU820
0.783
2.16E−02 
2
21


LNU820 
0.798
1.76E−02 
2
16
LNU821
0.705
1.18E−01 
1
19


LNU821 
0.701
7.95E−02 
1
2
LNU821
0.835
3.85E−02 
6
8


LNU821 
0.846
8.04E−03 
2
18
LNU821
0.846
8.04E−03
2
14


LNU821 
0.874
4.59E−03 
2
20
LNU821
0.818
1.31E−02 
2
15


LNU821 
0.888
7.64E−03 
2
19
LNU821
0.922
1.13E−03 
2
2


LNU821 
0.763
2.75E−02 
2
1
LNU821
0.846
8.04E−03 
2
21


LNU821 
0.867
5.26E−03 
2
16
LNU821
0.953
8.86E−04
4
17


LNU821 
0.953
8.86E−04 
4
12
LNU822
0.727
6.41E−02 
8
19


LNU822 
0.795
3.24E−02
4
17
LNU822
0.795
3.24E−02
4
12


LNU823 
0.832
2.02E−02 
1
17
LNU823
0.712
7.28E−02 
1
9


LNU823 
0.712
7.29E−02 
1
3
LNU823
0.710
7.38E−02 
1
5


LNU823 
0.926
2.77E−03 
1
7
LNU823
0.832
2.02E−02 
1
12


LNU823 
0.710
3.23E−02 
5
10
LNU823
0.770
9.19E−03
3
3


LNU823 
0.735
3.79E−02 
2
3
LNU823
0.842
8.65E−03 
2
7


LNU823 
0.713
7.21E−02 
4
4
LNU823
0.704
7.75E−02 
4
7


LNU824 
0.769
4.32E−02 
1
18
LNU824
0.757
4.88E−02
1
4


LNU824 
0.769
4.32E−02 
1
14
LNU824
0.740
5.71E−02 
1
15


LNU824 
0.800
5.60E−02 
1
19
LNU824
0.774
4.10E−02 
1
2


LNU824 
0.784
3.71E−02 
1
1
LNU824
0.769
4.32E−02 
1
21


LNU824 
0.746
5.40E−02 
1
16
LNU824
0.791
1.12E−02
5
9


LNU824 
0.714
3.07E−02 
5
4
LNU824
0.758
4.85E−02 
8
19


LNU824 
0.703
5.17E−02 
2
17
LNU824
0.835
9.93E−03
2
4


LNU824 
0.877
4.25E−03 
2
5
LNU824
0.889
3.12E−03 
2
6


LNU824 
0.703
5.17E−02 
2
12
LNU824
0.786
3.60E−02
4
13


LNU824 
0.846
1.65E−02 
4
11
LNU825
0.800
3.06E−02 
1
8


LNU825 
0.916
3.70E−03 
8
13
LNU825
0.885
3.45E−03 
8
11


LNU825 
0.729
4.03E−02 
7
8
LNU825
0.908
4.75E−03 
2
13


LNU825 
0.804
1.62E−02 
2
11
LNU825
0.740
5.74E−02
4
17


LNU825 
0.740
5.74E−02 
4
12
LNU828
0.990
1.44E−04 
6
5


LNU828 
0.823
4.40E−02 
6
6
LNU828
0.721
1.06E−01 
6
15


LNU829 
0.805
2.91E−02 
4
8
LNU830
0.762
2.78E−02 
5
19


LNU830 
0.748
8.74E−02 
6
7
LNU831
0.939
5.45E−03 
1
13


LNU831 
0.715
7.09E−02 
1
11
LNU831
0.904
2.03E−03
5
13


LNU831 
0.757
1.81E−02 
5
11
LNU831
0.702
7.90E−02 
8
13


LNU831 
0.894
6.66E−03 
2
13
LNU831
0.921
3.25E−03 
4
13


LNU831 
0.978
1.40E−04 
4
11
LNU832
0.825
2.23E−02 
1
5


LNU832 
0.768
4.36E−02 
1
20
LNU832
0.866
1.18E−02 
1
6


LNU832 
0.719
6.85E−02 
1
15
LNU832
0.801
3.05E−02 
1
1


LNU832 
0.706
7.60E−02 
1
16
LNU832
0.895
1.61E−02 
6
5


LNU832 
0.875
2.24E−02 
6
6
LNU832
0.856
3.21E−03 
3
13


LNU832 
0.767
9.66E−03 
3
9
LNU832
0.827
3.13E−03 
3
11


LNU832 
0.707
4.96E−02 
8
5
LNU832
0.746
3.36E−02 
8
11


LNU832 
0.713
4.73E−02 
8
6
LNU832
0.797
1.79E−02 
7
18


LNU832 
0.827
1.13E−02 
7
4
LNU832
0.725
4.20E−02 
7
3


LNU832 
0.893
2.85E−03 
7
5
LNU832
0.797
1.79E−02 
7
14


LNU832 
0.829
1.09E−02 
7
20
LNU832
0.944
4.10E−04
7
6


LNU832 
0.839
9.28E−03 
7
15
LNU832
0.797
1.79E−02 
7
21


LNU832 
0.817
1.33E−02 
7
16
LNU832
0.809
1.51E−02 
2
9


LNU832 
0.734
3.80E−02 
2
4
LNU832
0.717
4.54E−02 
2
11


LNU832 
0.751
3.17E−02 
2
6
LNU833
0.778
3.96E−02 
1
10


LNU833 
0.813
2.61E−02 
1
5
LNU833
0.765
4.51E−02 
1
11


LNU833 
0.746
5.44E−02 
1
6
LNU833
0.873
1.02E−02 
1
1


LNU833 
0.776
6.99E−02 
6
8
LNU833
0.738
9.37E−02 
6
11


LNU833 
0.853
1.46E−02 
7
13
LNU833
0.904
2.03E−03
7
11


LNU833 
0.715
4.62E−02 
2
20
LNU833
0.738
3.66E−02 
2
11


LNU833 
0.715
4.63E−02 
2
16
LNU833
0.745
5.46E−02 
4
9


LNU833
0.836
1.92E−02
4
8
LNU834
0.820
2.41E−02
1
18


LNU834 
0.737
5.87E−02 
1
10
LNU834
0.871
1.07E−02
1
17


LNU834 
0.810
2.71E−02 
1
9
LNU834
0.722
6.72E−02 
1
4


LNU834 
0.819
2.43E−02 
1
3
LNU834
0.805
2.90E−02 
1
5


LNU834 
0.894
6.67E−03 
1
7
LNU834
0.820
2.41E−02 
1
14


LNU834 
0.750
5.23E−02 
1
20
LNU834
0.803
2.96E−02
1
6


LNU834 
0.869
1.10E−02 
1
15
LNU834
0.871
1.07E−02 
1
12


LNU834 
0.886
1.88E−02 
1
19
LNU834
0.805
2.88E−02 
1
2


LNU834 
0.724
6.61E−02 
1
1
LNU834
0.820
2.41E−02 
1
21


LNU834 
0.852
1.49E−02 
1
16
LNU834
0.927
7.87E−03
6
18


LNU834 
0.846
3.38E−02 
6
4
LNU834
0.927
7.87E−03 
6
14


LNU834 
0.831
4.03E−02 
6
15
LNU834
0.879
2.12E−02
6
19


LNU834 
0.758
8.05E−02 
6
2
LNU834
0.927
7.87E−03 
6
21


LNU834 
0.839
3.69E−02 
6
16
LNU834
0.723
2.78E−02
3
13


LNU834 
0.743
1.37E−02 
3
17
LNU834
0.786
7.05E−03 
3
9


LNU834 
0.711
2.12E−02 
3
3
LNU834
0.795
6.03E−03 
3
11


LNU834 
0.743
1.37E−02 
3
12
LNU834
0.700
5.31E−02
8
10


LNU834 
0.927
9.31E−04 
8
4
LNU834
0.758
2.93E−02 
8
5


LNU834 
0.855
6.81E−03 
8
6
LNU834
0.775
2.38E−02 
7
7


LNU834 
0.760
2.87E−02 
7
11
LNU834
0.933
2.14E−03
2
13


LNU834 
0.748
3.29E−02 
2
17
LNU834
0.765
2.69E−02 
2
9


LNU834 
0.883
3.63E−03 
2
4
LNU834
0.851
7.38E−03 
2
5


LNU834 
0.850
7.48E−03 
2
6
LNU834
0.748
3.29E−02 
2
12


LNU834 
0.822
2.31E−02 
4
13
LNU834
0.990
1.73E−05
4
11


LNU835 
0.867
1.16E−02 
1
8
LNU835
0.710
7.37E−02 
1
20


LNU835 
0.822
4.45E−02 
6
11
LNU835
0.754
1.89E−02
3
13


LNU835 
0.892
6.97E−03 
8
13
LNU835
0.973
4.88E−05 
8
11


LNU835 
0.739
3.61E−02 
7
5
LNU835
0.711
4.81E−02
7
20


LNU835 
0.788
2.01E−02 
2
4
LNU835
0.780
2.25E−02 
2
6


LNU835
0.881
8.78E−03 
4
13
LNU837
0.897
1.54E−02
1
19


LNU837 
0.776
4.02E−02 
1
2
LNU837
0.825
2.24E−02 
1
1


LNU838 
0.941
1.55E−03 
4
13
LNU838
0.953
9.08E−04
4
11


LNU839 
0.820
2.41E−02 
1
18
LNU839
0.739
5.77E−02 
1
17


LNU839 
0.722
6.72E−02 
1
4
LNU839
0.740
5.73E−02 
1
3


LNU839 
0.805
2.90E−02 
1
5
LNU839
0.820
2.41E−02 
1
14


LNU839 
0.750
5.23E−02 
1
20
LNU839
0.803
2.96E−02
1
6


LNU839 
0.869
1.10E−02 
1
15
LNU839
0.739
5.77E−02 
1
12


LNU839 
0.886
1.88E−02 
1
19
LNU839
0.805
2.88E−02 
1
2


LNU839 
0.724
6.61E−02 
1
1
LNU839
0.820
2.41E−02 
1
21


LNU839 
0.852
1.49E−02 
1
16
LNU839
0.927
7.87E−03
6
18


LNU839 
0.846
3.38E−02 
6
4
LNU839
0.731
9.85E−02 
6
8


LNU839 
0.927
7.87E−03 
6
14
LNU839
0.831
4.03E−02
6
15


LNU839 
0.879
2.12E−02 
6
19
LNU839
0.758
8.05E−02 
6
2


LNU839 
0.927
7.87E−03 
6
21
LNU839
0.839
3.69E−02 
6
16


LNU839 
0.723
2.78E−02 
3
13
LNU839
0.795
6.03E−03 
3
11


LNU839 
0.760
2.87E−02 
7
11
LNU839
0.883
3.63E−03 
2
4


LNU839 
0.851
7.38E−03 
2
5
LNU839
0.850
7.48E−03 
2
6


LNU839 
0.822
2.31E−02 
4
13
LNU839
0.752
5.11E−02
4
9


LNU839
0.930
2.40E−03
4
8
LNU839
0.990
1.73E−05 
4
11


LNU840 
0.701
5.28E−02 
7
9
LNU841
0.843
3.50E−02 
6
13


LNU841 
0.737
3.69E−02 
8
8
LNU841
0.929
2.48E−03 
7
13


LNU841 
0.808
1.54E−02 
7
11
LNU843
0.701
7.94E−02
1
18


LNU843 
0.871
1.07E−02 
1
10
LNU843
0.890
7.22E−03 
1
17


LNU843 
0.787
3.58E−02 
1
9
LNU843
0.803
2.97E−02 
1
3


LNU843 
0.821
2.36E−02 
1
7
LNU843
0.701
7.94E−02 
1
14


LNU843 
0.890
7.22E−03 
1
12
LNU843
0.701
7.94E−02
1
21


LNU843 
0.722
1.84E−02 
3
10
LNU844
0.745
8.95E−02 
6
10


LNU844 
0.865
5.60E−03 
8
7
LNU844
0.765
2.69E−02 
7
17


LNU844 
0.814
1.38E−02 
7
7
LNU844
0.765
2.69E−02 
7
12


LNU845 
0.823
2.28E−02 
1
18
LNU845
0.706
7.65E−02
1
17


LNU845 
0.786
3.60E−02 
1
9
LNU845
0.746
5.42E−02 
1
3


LNU845 
0.903
5.33E−03 
1
5
LNU845
0.823
2.28E−02 
1
14


LNU845 
0.847
1.61E−02 
1
20
LNU845
0.840
1.81E−02
1
6


LNU845 
0.871
1.06E−02 
1
15
LNU845
0.706
7.65E−02 
1
12


LNU845 
0.818
4.68E−02 
1
19
LNU845
0.879
9.12E−03 
1
2


LNU845 
0.909
4.59E−03 
1
1
LNU845
0.823
2.28E−02
1
21


LNU845 
0.873
1.04E−02 
1
16
LNU845
0.818
4.64E−02
6
9


LNU845 
0.894
1.62E−02 
6
7
LNU845
0.705
2.28E−02
3
7


LNU845 
0.710
3.20E−02 
3
19
LNU845
0.785
7.12E−03
3
1


LNU845 
0.784
2.12E−02 
8
17
LNU845
0.839
9.14E−03 
8
9


LNU845 
0.816
1.35E−02 
8
8
LNU845
0.740
3.58E−02
8
7


LNU845 
0.717
4.54E−02 
8
20
LNU845
0.784
2.12E−02
8
12


LNU845 
0.763
2.75E−02 
7
9
LNU845
0.762
2.79E−02
7
8


LNU845 
0.797
3.17E−02 
4
5
LNU845
0.703
7.81E−02 
4
6


LNU846 
0.711
1.13E−01 
6
10
LNU846
0.791
6.08E−02
6
3


LNU846 
0.843
8.57E−03 
8
17
LNU846
0.881
3.86E−03 
8
5


LNU846 
0.788
2.03E−02 
8
6
LNU846
0.843
8.57E−03 
8
12


LNU846 
0.779
2.26E−02 
7
10
LNU846
0.701
5.25E−02
2
18


LNU846 
0.820
1.26E−02 
2
10
LNU846
0.845
8.19E−03 
2
9


LNU846 
0.832
1.05E−02 
2
3
LNU846
0.701
5.25E−02 
2
14


LNU846 
0.724
4.25E−02 
2
6
LNU846
0.711
4.82E−02 
2
15


LNU846 
0.701
5.25E−02 
2
21





Table 61. Provided are the correlations (R) between the expression levels yield improving genes and their homologs in various tissues [Expression (Exp) sets] and the phenotypic performance [yield, biomass, growth rate and/or vigor components (Correlation vector (Cor))] under low Nitrogen conditions across maize varieties.


P = p value.






Example 9
Production of Tomato Transcriptom and High Throughput Correlation Analysis Using 44K Tomato Oligonucleotide Micro-Array
In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis between NUE related phenotypes and gene expression, the present inventors utilized a Tomato oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem. (dot) agilent (dot) com/Scripts/PDS (dot) asp?1Page=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 44,000 Tomato genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression with NUE, ABST, yield components or vigor related parameters various plant characteristics of 18 different Tomato varieties were analyzed.
Among them, 10 varieties encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot) com/hyperstat/A34739 (dot) html].
Correlation of Tomato Varieties Across Ecotypes Grown Under Low Nitrogen, Drought and Regular Growth Conditions
Experimental Procedures:
10 Tomato varieties were grown in 3 repetitive blocks, each containing 6 plants per plot were grown at net house. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows:
1. Regular growth conditions: Tomato varieties were grown under normal conditions (4-6 Liters/m2 of water per day and fertilized with NPK as recommended in protocols for commercial tomato production).
2. Low Nitrogen fertilization conditions: Tomato varieties were grown under normal conditions (4-6 Liters/m2 per day and fertilized with NPK as recommended in protocols for commercial tomato production) until flower stage. At this time, Nitrogen fertilization was stopped.
3. Drought stress: Tomato variety was grown under normal conditions (4-6 Liters/m2 per day) until flower stage. At this time, irrigation was reduced to 50% compared to normal conditions.
Plants were phenotyped on a daily basis following the standard descriptor of tomato (Table 63). Harvest was conducted while 50% of the fruits were red (mature). Plants were separated to the vegetative part and fruits, of them, 2 nodes were analyzed for additional inflorescent parameters such as size, number of flowers, and inflorescent weight. Fresh weight of all vegetative material was measured. Fruits were separated to colors (red vs. green) and in accordance with the fruit size (small, medium and large). Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute). Data parameters collected are summarized in Tables 64-70, hereinbelow.
Analyzed Tomato Tissues—
Two tissues at different developmental stages [flower and leaf], representing different plant characteristics, were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. For convenience, each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 62 below.







TABLE 62







Tomato transcriptom expression sets








Set ID
Expression Set











1
Tomato field/NUE/leaf


2
Tomato field/NUE/flower


3
Tomato field/Drought/leaf


4
Tomato field/Normal/leaf


5
Tomato field/Normal/flower


6
Tomato field/Drought/flower


7
Tomato field Drought leaf


8
Tomato field Drought flower


9
Tomato field NUE leaf


10
Tomato field NUE flower


11
Tomato field Normal leaf


12
Tomato field Normal flower





Table 62: Provided are the identification (ID) letters of each of the tomato expression sets.






Table 63 provides the tomato correlated parameters (Vectors). The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in Tables 64-70 below. Subsequent correlation analysis was conducted (Table 71). Results were integrated to the database.







TABLE 63







Tomato correlated parameters (vectors)











Correlation



Correlated parameter with
ID














100 weight green fruit (Drought) [kg]
1



100 weight green fruit (Low N) [kg]
2



100 weight green fruit (Normal) [kg]
3



100 weight red fruit (Drought) [kg]
4



100 weight red fruit (Low N) [kg]
5



100 weight red fruit (Normal) [kg]
6



Cluster Weight NUE/Normal [kg]
7



FW NUE/Normal [gr.]
8



FW drought/Normal [gr.]
9



FW/Plant (NUE) [gr.]
10



FW/Plant (Normal) [gr.]
11



FW/Plant Drought [gr.]
12



Fruit Drought/NUE [gr.]
13



Fruit NUE/Normal [gr.]
14



Fruit Yield Drought/Normal [gr.]
15



Fruit Yield/Plant (NUE) [gr.]
16



Fruit Yield/Plant Drought [gr.]
17



Fruit yield/Plant (Normal) [gr.]
18



HI [yield/yield + biomass] (Low N)
19



HI [yield/yield + biomass] (Normal)
20



Leaflet Length [cm] (Low N) [cm]
21



Leaflet Length [cm] (Normal) [cm]
22



Leaflet Length [cm]) (Drought) [cm]
23



Leaflet Width (Low N) [cm]
24



Leaflet Width (Normal) [cm]
25



Leaflet Width [cm] (Drought) [cm]
26



NUE [yield/SPAD] (Low N)
27



NUE [yield/SPAD] (Normal)
28



NUE2 [total biomass/SPAD] (Low N)
29



NUE2 [total biomass/SPAD] (Normal)
30



NUpE [biomass/SPAD] (Low N)
31



NUpE [biomass/SPAD] (Normal)
32



No flowers (NUE)
33



No flowers (Normal)
34



Num of Flower Drought/NUE
35



Num of Flower Drought/Normal
36



Num of flowers (Drought)
37



Num. Flowers NUE/Normal
38



RWC (Normal) [%]
39



RWC Drought [%]
40



RWC Drought/Normal [%]
41



RWC NUE [%]
42



RWC NUE/Normal [%]
43



SAPD 100% RWC NUE/Normal [SPAD unit]
44



SLA [leaf area/plant biomass] (Low N)
45



SLA [leaf area/plant biomass] (Normal)
46



SPAD (Normal) [SPAD unit]
47



SPAD 100% RWC (NUE) [SPAD unit]
48



SPAD 100% RWC (Normal) [SPAD unit]
49



SPAD NUE [SPAD unit]
50



SPAD NUE/Normal [SPAD unit]
51



Total Leaf Area [cm{circumflex over ( )}2] (Low N)
52



Total Leaf Area [cm{circumflex over ( )}2] (Normal)
53



Total Leaf Area [cm{circumflex over ( )}2]) (Drought)
54



Weight Flower clusters (Normal) [gr.]
55



Weight clusters (flowers) (NUE) [gr.]
56



Weight flower clusters (Drought) [gr.]
57



Yield/SLA (Low N)
58



Yield/SLA (Normal)
59



Yield/total leaf area (Low N)
60



Yield/total leaf area (Normal)
61



average red fruit weight (NUE) [gr.]
62



average red fruit weight (Normal) [gr.]
63



average red fruit weight Drought [gr.]
64



flower cluster weight Drought/NUE [gr.]
65



flower cluster weight Drought/Normal [gr.]
66



red fruit weight Drought/Normal [gr.]
67







Table 63. Provided are the tomato correlated parameters.



“gr.” = grams;



“FW” = fresh weight;



“NUE” = nitrogen use efficiency;



“RWC” = relative water content;



“NUpE” = nitrogen uptake efficiency;



“SPAD” = chlorophyll levels;



“HI” = harvest index (vegetative weight divided on yield);



“SLA” = specific leaf area (leaf area divided by leaf dry weight).






Fruit Yield (grams)—At the end of the experiment [when 50% of the fruit were ripe (red)] all fruits from plots within blocks A-C were collected. The total fruits were counted and weighted. The average fruits weight was calculated by dividing the total fruit weight by the number of fruits.
Yield/SLA and Yield/total leaf area—Fruit yield divided by the specific leaf area or the total leaf area gives a measurement of the balance between reproductive and vegetative processes.
Plant Fresh Weight (grams)—At the end of the experiment [when 50% of the fruit were ripe (red)] all plants from plots within blocks A-C were collected. Fresh weight was measured (grams).
Inflorescence Weight (grams)—At the end of the experiment [when 50% of the fruits were ripe (red)] two inflorescence from plots within blocks A-C were collected. The inflorescence weight (gr.) and number of flowers per inflorescence were counted.
SPAD—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed at time of flowering. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot.
Water use efficiency (WUE)—can be determined as the biomass produced per unit transpiration. To analyze WUE, leaf relative water content was measured in control and transgenic plants. Fresh weight (FW) was immediately recorded; then leaves were soaked for 8 hours in distilled water at room temperature in the dark, and the turgid weight (TW) was recorded. Total dry weight (DW) was recorded after drying the leaves at 60° C. to a constant weight. Relative water content (RWC) was calculated according to the following Formula I [(FW−DW/TW−DW)×100] as described above.
Plants that maintain high relative water content (RWC) compared to control lines were considered more tolerant to drought than those exhibiting reduced relative water content.
Experimental Results







TABLE 64







Measured parameters in Tomato accessions under drought conditions









Cor. ID



















line ID
9
12
13
15
17
35
36
37
40
41
57
64






















Line-1
1.717
2.620
1.151
0.565
0.467
0.877
2.941
16.667
72.120
0.990
0.368
0.009


Line-2
0.344
1.092
0.732
1.415
0.483
1.219
0.336
6.500
74.510
0.974
0.407
0.195


Line-3
0.611
1.847
1.321
1.274
0.629
1.741
2.474
15.667
65.330
1.016
0.325
0.209


Line-4
2.630
2.221
0.756
2.876
0.347
1.564
2.652
20.333
72.220
1.077
0.288
0.005


Line-5
1.177
2.634
1.513
4.201
2.044
1.094
1.207
11.667
66.130
1.207
0.551
0.102


Line-6
1.365
2.708
0.705
0.550
0.250
1.520
3.040
25.333
68.303
0.880
0.311
0.002


Line-7
4.018
3.406
5.063
0.085
0.045
4.956
5.947
29.733
78.130
1.343
0.445
0.035


Line-8
1.010
2.108
0.891
1.030
0.453
1.083
2.080
17.333
18.460
0.278
0.555
0.006


Line-9
0.608
1.948
0.671
1.392
0.292
0.978
1.467
14.667
73.210
1.131
0.304
0.005


Line-10
0.640
1.763
2.171
3.280
1.017
4.944
4.238
29.667
62.500
0.831
0.315
0.005


Line-11
0.950
1.721
0.377
0.906
0.600
0.882
1.667
15.000
67.210
1.015
0.308
0.005


Line-12
0.510
1.923
1.273
2.618
0.494
0.795
1.292
10.333
75.760
1.199
0.311
0.012


Line-13
1.168
2.206
0.842
0.319
0.272
2.115
3.438
18.333
62.820
1.107
8.360
0.005


Line-14
1.938
3.731
1.512
2.484
0.679
1.286
1.500
12.000
70.690
1.966
0.288
0.006


Line-15
0.352
0.754
0.984
0.405
0.140
1.605
2.652
20.333
55.750
0.718
0.342
0.303


Line-16
1.063
1.757
1.337
1.619
0.529
1.900
1.407
12.667
75.220
0.752
0.441
0.138


Line-17
0.208
0.626
0.384
1.763
0.554
1.357
1.188
12.667
63.680
1.008
0.268
0.040


Line-18
0.483
1.109
0.837
1.424
0.414
1.417
1.259
11.333
62.310
0.829
0.426
0.089





Table 64: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Sorghum accessions (line ID) under drought growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 65







Additional Measured parameters in Tomato accessions under drought conditions









Cor. ID















line ID
65
66
67
1
4
23
26
54


















Line-1
0.689
0.315
0.193







Line-2
1.110
1.190
24.373







Line-3
1.060
0.469
25.384







Line-4
0.823
0.005
0.016







Line-5
1.163
1.252
20.259







Line-6
1.250
0.028
0.036







Line-7
1.517
0.563
0.150







Line-8
1.190
0.963
0.022







Line-9
0.759
0.416
0.863







Line-10
1.039
0.378
0.737







Line-11
0.376
0.358
0.090







Line-12
0.778
0.622
1.715
0.8
0.88667
5.1504
2.55142
337.63


Line-13
24.115
8.196
0.171
0.28
0.34667
3.38139
2.04437
130.779


Line-14
0.673
0.411
0.024
0.38
0.62667
7.13977
4.16522
557.927


Line-15
0.967
0.907
10.501
0.63333
2.27
5.47615
3.08653
176.671


Line-16
0.988
0.669
27.890
2.86
7.4
8.62307
4.69436
791.863


Line-17
0.949
0.383
11.789
1.16
2.94
6.34602
3.86722
517.049


Line-18
0.907
1.305
9.979
4.39667
11.6
6.77153
2.9104
832.265





Table 65: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (line ID) under drought conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 66







Measured parameters in Tomato accessions under low nitrogen conditions









Cor. ID


















line ID
7
8
10
14
16
33
38
42
43
44
48





















Line-1
0.457
2.649
4.041
0.491
0.406
19.000
3.353
74.070
1.017
0.787
28.469


Line-2
1.072
0.382
1.213
1.932
0.660
5.333
0.276
99.080
1.296
1.372
39.039


Line-3
0.442
0.743
2.246
0.965
0.477
9.000
1.421
69.490
1.081
0.920
33.009


Line-4
0.006
3.008
2.540
3.802
0.458
13.000
1.696
63.240
0.943
0.753
23.418


Line-5
1.076
0.827
1.850
2.776
1.351
10.667
1.103
77.360
1.412
1.309
34.528


Line-6
0.022
1.544
3.063
0.780
0.354
16.667
2.000
77.910
1.004
0.965
32.513


Line-7
0.371
3.697
3.134
0.017
0.009
6.000
1.200
80.490
1.383
1.107
27.661


Line-8
0.809
1.218
2.542
1.157
0.509
16.000
1.920
67.400
1.013
0.949
33.676


Line-9
0.548
0.575
1.844
2.074
0.436
15.000
1.500
67.160
1.038
0.793
30.045


Line-10
0.364
0.551
1.517
1.511
0.468
6.000
0.857
66.070
0.878
0.924
35.502


Line-11
0.953
1.056
1.913
2.406
1.593
17.000
1.889
69.570
1.050
0.937
24.812


Line-12
0.800
0.492
1.856
2.056
0.388
13.000
1.625
69.300
1.096
1.356
40.771


Line-13
0.340
1.310
2.472
0.379
0.323
8.667
1.625
100.000
1.761
1.443
47.467


Line-14
0.611
1.361
2.621
1.642
0.449
9.333
1.167
57.660
1.603
1.502
26.064


Line-15
0.938
0.506
1.084
0.412
0.143
12.667
1.652
90.790
1.170
1.046
35.378


Line-16
0.677
0.705
1.166
1.211
0.396
6.667
0.741
68.000
0.680
0.562
30.600


Line-17
0.404
0.306
0.921
4.587
1.442
9.333
0.875
59.650
0.944
1.484
38.971


Line-18
1.439
0.474
1.088
1.700
0.495
8.000
0.889
72.170
0.961
0.843
37.456





Table 66: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (Seed ID) under low nitrogen growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 67







Additional measured parameters in Tomato accessions under low nitrogen conditions









Cor. ID


















line ID
50
51
56
62
2
19
21
24
27
29
31





















Line- 
38.400
0.773 
0.533
0.024
0.87
0.0912
6.39865
3.46688
0.01425
0.15619
0.14195


1













Line-
39.400
1.059
0.367
0.191 
3.66333
0.35231
5.92027
1.97373
0.01691
0.04799
0.03108


2













Line-
47.500
0.851
0.307 
0.006 
0.56667
0.1751 
3.68636
1.78501
0.01444 
0.08247
0.06803


3













Line-
37.000 
0.797
0.350
0.005
0.37
0.15286
5.42713
2.55198
0.01957
0.12803
0.10846


4













Line-
44.600
0.925
0.473 
0.096 
3.40333
0.42208 
6.95119 
3.51776
0.03913
0.09271
0.05358


5













Line-
41.700 
0.961
0.249
0.004
0.68333
0.10371
3.73374
1.73101
0.0109
0.10512
0.09422


6













Line-
34.400 
0.802
0.293
0.006
0.45333
0.00283
4.38515
1.87221
0.00032
0.11364
0.11332


7













Line-
50.000 
0.938
0.467
0.007
0.47333
0.16679
6.72386
3.54186
0.01511
0.0906
0.07549


8













Line-
44.700 
0.764
0.400
0.006
0.54
0.19103
6.65657
3.27815
0.0145
0.07589
0.06139


9













Line-
53.700
1.051
0.303
0.013
0.39333
0.23594
4.38654
2.5225
0.01319
0.05591
0.04272


10













Line-
35.700 
0.893
0.820
0.021
0.97
0.45446
3.90107
2.60788
0.06422
0.1413
0.07709


11













Line-
58.800
1.235
0.400
0.005
0.91333
0.17306
5.29057
2.61233
0.00952
0.05504
0.04551


12













Line-
47.500
0.820
0.347
0.006
0.36333
0.11548
6.31683
3.57772
0.0068
0.05888
0.05208


13













Line-
45.200 
0.936
0.428
0.047
0.34667
0.14622
5.1126
2.5642
0.01722
0.11779
0.10056


14













Line-
39.000
0.894
0.353
0.357
0.56667
0.11634
4.72494
2.48302
0.00404
0.03469
0.03065


15













Line-
45.000 
0.826
0.447
0.037
4.38333
0.25338
6.83245
3.43048
0.01293
0.05102
0.03809


16













Line-
65.300 
1.570
0.283
0.626
2.02
0.61025
7.09701
3.29874
0.03701
0.06064
0.02364


17













Line-
51.900
0.878
0.470

8.13
0.31274
8.21338
3.68939
0.01322
0.04226
0.02904


18
















Table 67: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (Seed ID) under low nitrogen growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 68







Additional measured parameters in Tomato accessions 


under low nitrogen conditions












line ID/







Cor. ID
45
52
58
60
5















Line-1
140.044
565.932
0.0029
0.00072
 1.06


Line-2
317.118
384.77
0.00208
0.00172
 6.86667


Line-3
131.293
294.827
0.00363
0.00162
 0.64667


Line-4
148.817
377.995
0.00308
0.00121
 0.53


Line-5
257.51
476.393
0.00525 
0.00284
 7.17333


Line-6
64.3367
197.085
0.00551
0.0018
 0.44


Line-7
144.599
453.236
6.1E−05
2E−05
 


Line-8
246.05
625.515
0.00207
0.00081
 0.55333


Line-9
405.548
748.01
0.00107 
0.00058
 0.74667


Line-10
299.316
453.962
0.00156
0.00103
 0.58


Line-11
86.1901
164.853
0.01849
0.00967
 1.26667


Line-12
182.319 
338.303
0.00213 
0.00115
 1.34


Line-13
160.178 
395.995
0.00202
0.00082
 0.52


Line-14
90.0951
236.149
0.00498
0.0019
 0.57333


Line-15
160.99
174.585
0.00089 
0.00082 
 0.94333


Line-16
379.028 
441.778
0.00104
0.0009
 6.17


Line-17
531.079
489.183
0.00272
0.00295
 3.67333


Line-18
650.684
707.8
0.00076 
0.0007
11.325





Table 68: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (Seed ID) under low nitrogen growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 69







Measured parameters in Tomato accessions under normal conditions









Cor. ID

















line ID
11
18
34
39
47
49
55
63
20
28




















Line-1
1.526
0.826
5.667
72.830
49.700
36.170
1.167
0.048
0.351
0.017


Line-2
3.174
0.342
19.333
76.470
37.200
28.447
0.342
0.008
0.097
0.009


Line-3
3.022
0.494
6.333
64.290
55.800
35.893
0.693
0.008
0.140
0.009


Line-4
0.844
0.121
7.667
67.070
46.400
31.085
56.348
0.286
0.125
0.003


Line-5
2.238
0.487
9.667 
54.790
48.200
26.384
0.440
0.005
0.179
0.010


Line-6
1.984
0.454
8.333
77.610
43.400
33.684
11.313
0.054
0.186
0.010


Line-7
0.848
0.529
5.000
58.180
42.900
24.979
0.790 
0.231
0.384
0.012


Line-8
2.088
0.440
8.333
66.510
53.300
35.472
0.577
0.290
0.174
0.008


Line-9
3.206
0.210
10.000
64.710
58.500
37.875
0.730
0.006
0.061
0.004


Line-10
2.754
0.310
7.000
75.250
51.100
38.426
0.833
0.007
0.101
0.006


Line-11
1.811
0.662
9.000
66.230
40.000
26.494
0.860
0.058
0.268
0.017


Line-12
3.770
0.189
8.000
63.210
47.600
30.066
0.500
0.007
0.048
0.004


Line-13
1.888
0.852
5.333
56.770
57.900
32.889
1.020
0.026
0.311
0.015


Line-14
1.926
0.273
8.000
35.960
48.300
17.354
0.700
0.261
0.124
0.006


Line-15
2.143
0.347
7.667
77.620
43.600
33.818
0.377
0.029
0.139
0.008


Line-16
1.652
0.327
9.000
100.000
54.500
54.467
0.660
0.005
0.165
0.006


Line-17
3.011
0.314
10.667
63.160
41.600
26.253
0.700
0.003
0.095
0.008


Line-18
2.294
0.291
9.000
75.130
59.100
44.427
0.327
0.009
0.113
0.005





Table 69: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (lined ID) under normal growth conditions. Growth conditionsare specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 70







Additional measured parameters in Tomato accessions under normal conditions









Cor. ID

















line ID
30
32
3
6
22
25
46
53
59
61




















Line-1
0.047
0.031










Line-2
0.095 
0.085










Line-3
0.063
0.054
0.55667
0.82333 
6.34284
3.69046
140.989
426.099
0.0035
0.00116


Line-4
0.021
0.018
3.05333
2.45667
7.98803
4.76756
689.665
582.384
0.00017
0.00021


Line-5
0.057 
0.046
0.24
0.50333
5.59331
3.43357
130.22
291.403
0.00374
0.00167


Line-6
0.056 
0.046
2.57667
2.76
7.69722
4.56061
299.118
593.583
0.00152
0.00077


Line-7
0.032
0.020
6.32333
5.31667
7.84568
4.43534
1117.74
947.594
0.00047
0.00056


Line-8
0.047
0.039
5.75333
5.24
6.21698 
3.15039
111.77
233.352
0.00394
0.00189


Line-9
0.058
0.055
0.37667
0.61
6.159 
3.36888
106.294
340.731
0.00198
0.00062


Line-10
0.060
0.054
0.29667
0.66
5.652
3.13112
123.139
339.111
0.00252
0.00091


Line-11
0.062 
0.045
1.95333
2.70333
4.39488
2.39632
104.986
190.141
0.00631
0.00348


Line-12 
0.083
0.079
2.53333
0.7
4.441.38
2.02436
111.88
421.789
0.00169
0.00045


Line-13
0.047
0.033
1.42333
2.64
6.7696
3.8002
307.946
581.334
0.00277
0.00147


Line-14
0.046
0.040
2.03
4.67
7.41586
3.7433
419.365
807.511
0.00065
0.00034


Line-15
0.057
0.049
1.385
2.16667 
6.70898
2.97523
365.812
784.056
0.00095
0.00044


Line-16
0.036
0.030
2.27
0.49333
5.86525
3.21956
212.926
351.801
0.00153
0.00093


Line-17
0.080
0.072
0.45
0.34333
4.16
2.08898 
84.9441
255.776
0.0037
0.00123


Line-18
0.044
0.039
0.41667
0.75333
10.2902
5.91228
469.874
1078.1
0.00062
0.00027





Table 70: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (line ID) under normal growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 71







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the


invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal and stress


conditions across tomato ecotypes




















Cor.




Cor.


Gene


Exp.
Set
Gene


Exp.
Set


Name
R
P value
set
ID
Name
R
P value
set
ID





LNU971
0.830
5.67E−03
11
32
LNU971 
0.836
5.02E−03
11
30


LNU971
0.730
1.66E−02
10
52
LNU971
0.986
1.83E−07
 1
55


LNU972
0.787
1.18E−02
11
20
LNU972
0.802
9.36E−03
11
28


LNU972
0.782
2.19E−02
12
59
LNU972
0.783
2.15E−02
12
61


LNU973
0.793
6.26E−03
 3
43
LNU973
0.773
2.44E−02
12
 3


LNU973
0.825
3.31E−03
 2
49
LNU974
0.700
2.41E−02
10
52


LNU975
0.739
1.45E−02
 3
51
LNU975
0.857
3.15E−03
 3
62


LNU975
0.927
1.12E−04
 1
55
LNU975
0.825
3.30E−03
 1
63





Table 71. Provided are the correlations (R) between the expression levels yield improving genes and their homologs in various tissues [Expression (Exp) sets] and the phenotypic performance [yield, biomass, growth rate and/or vigor components (Correlation vector (Cor))] under normal and low nitrogen conditions across tomato ecotypes. P = p value.






Correlation of early vigor traits across collection of Tomato ecotypes under Low nitrogen, 300 mM NaCl, and normal growth conditions—Ten tomato hybrids were grown in 3 repetitive plots, each containing 17 plants, at a net house under semi-hydroponics conditions. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows: Tomato seeds were sown in trays filled with a mix of vermiculite and peat in a 1:1 ratio. Following germination, the trays were transferred to the high salinity solution (300 mM NaCl in addition to the Full Hoagland solution), low nitrogen (“low N”) solution (the amount of total nitrogen was reduced in 90% from the full Hoagland solution, final amount of 0.8 mM N), or at Normal growth solution (Full Hoagland containing 8 mM N solution, grown at 28±2° C.). Plants were grown at 28±2° C.
Full Hoagland solution consists of: KNO3—0.808 grams/liter, MgSO4—0.12 grams/liter, KH2PO4—0.172 grams/liter and 0.01% (volume/volume) of ‘Super coratin’ micro elements (Iron-EDDHA [ethylenediamine-N,N′-bis(2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid)]- 40.5 grams/liter; Mn—20.2 grams/liter; Zn 10.1 grams/liter; Co 1.5 grams/liter; and Mo 1.1 grams/liter), solution's pH should be 6.5-6.8.
Analyzed tomato tissues—All 10 selected Tomato varieties were sample per each treatment. Three tissues [leaves, meristems and flowers] were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. For convenience, each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Table 72 below.







TABLE 72







Tomato transcriptom experimental sets










Set ID
Expression Set














1
Normal/leaf



2
Normal/root



3
Low N/leaf



4
Low N/root



5
Salinity/leaf



6
Salinity/root



7
Low N/root



8
Low N/leaf



9
Normal/root



10
Normal/leaf



11
Salinity/root



12
Salinity/leaf







Table 72. Provided are the tomato transcriptom experimental sets.






Tomato vigor related parameters—following 5 weeks of growing, plant were harvested and analyzed for Leaf number, plant height, chlorophyll levels (SPAD units), different indices of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and plant biomass. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute). Data parameters collected are summarized in Table 73, herein below.







TABLE 73







Tomato correlated parameters (vectors)








Correlation 



ID
Correlated parameter with











1
Leaf No. Low N/Normal [number]


2
Leaf No. NaCl/Normal [number]


3
Leaf No. NaCl/Low N [number]


4
N level/Leaf [spad unit/leaf]


5
NUE roots (Root Biomass [DW]/SPAD)


6
NUE shoots (shoot Biomass [DW]/SPAD)


7
NUE total biomass (Total Biomass [DW]/SPAD)


8
Percent Root Biomass reduction 



compared to normal [%]


9
Percent Shoot Biomass reduction 



compared to normal[%]


10
Plant Height Low N/Normal [cm]


11
Plant Height NaCl/Low N [cm]


12
Plant Height NaCl/Normal [cm]


13
Plant biomass NaCl [cm]


14
Plant height Low N [cm]


15
Plant height NaCl [cm]


16
Plant height Normal [cm]


17
Root Biomass [DW]/SPAD


18
SPAD Low N/Normal [SPAD unit]


19
SPAD Low N [SPAD unit]


20
SPAD Normal [SPAD unit]


21
Shoot Biomass [DW]/SPAD


22
Shoot/Root


23
Total Biomass [Root + Shoot DW]/SPAD


24
height Normal


25
leaf No. Low N


26
leaf No. Normal


27
leaf No. NaCl





Table 73. Provided are the tomato correlated parameters,.


“DW” = dry weight;


“cm” = centimeter.


“Leaf No.” = leaf number.






Experimental Results
10 different Tomato varieties were grown and characterized for parameters as described above. The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in Tables 74-77 below. Subsequent correlation analysis was conducted (Table 78). Follow, results were integrated to the database.







TABLE 74







Measured parameters in Tomato accessions under low nitrogen conditions









Cor. ID
















Line
1
10
14
18
19
24
25
4
5



















Line-1
0.850
0.810 
36.780
1.010 
34.570
45.330
5.560
10.854
6.990


Line-2
0.900
0.830
39.890
0.980
24.870
47.780
6.220
11.409
2.540


Line-3
0.980
0.840
34.440
1.020
28.580
40.780
7.220




Line-4
1.090
0.850
47.000
1.000
31.580
55.330
6.780
10.438
7.040


Line-5
0.880
0.830
46.440
0.980
29.720
56.220
5.560
11.169
5.040


Line-6
1.020
0.930
45.440
0.980
31.830
48.670
6.560
8.929
8.010


Line-7
0.870
0.850
47.670
0.930
30.330
55.780
5.110
7.926
15.090


Line-8
1.060
1.050
39.330
1.050
30.290
37.440
5.890
7.993
9.020


Line-9
0.910
0.840
41.780
1.010
31.320
49.560
5.560
10.304
8.780


Line-10
1.120
0.880
41.000
0.990
28.770
46.330
6.330
8.585
7.250


Line-11







11.528
7.730


Line-12







14.491
15.940





Table 74. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (Line) under low nitrogen growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 75







Additional measured parameters in Tomato accessions under low nitrogen conditions









Cor. ID















Line 
6
7
8
9
17
21
22
23


















Line-1
35.350
58.470
62.592
75.380
0.001
0.004
5.010
0.005


Line-2
24.090
63.750
54.158
55.112
0.000
0.003
11.393
0.003


Line-3










Line-4
65.020
69.290
70.547
49.726
0.001
0.007
9.494
0.008


Line-5
46.710
71.100
59.685
63.189
0.001
0.005
11.600
0.005


Line-6
46.670
60.540
96.129
82.667
0.001
0.005
8.200
0.006


Line-7
120.070
73.900
106.502
66.924
0.001
0.011
10.375
0.013


Line-8
60.090
68.810
111.905
107.98
0.001
0.007
10.523
0.008


Line-9
66.270
66.740
81.644
55.401
0.001
0.007
8.242
0.008


Line-10
56.460
70.820
32.214
54.433
0.001
0.007
7.967
0.008


Line-11
38.350
69.700
143.714
62.155
0.001
0.004
6.414
0.005


Line-12
60.320
49.720
87.471
59.746
0.001
0.006
3.909
0.007





Table 75. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (Line) under low nitrogen growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 76







Measured parameters in Tomato accessions under normal conditions









Corr. ID


















Line
16
20
26
4
5
6
7
17
21
22
23





















Line-1
45.330
34.300
6.560
9.293
1.120
4.690
7.470
0.001
0.005
5.400
0.006


Line-2
47.780
25.310
6.890
8.868
0.470
4.370
8.630
0.001
0.005
10.021
0.006


Line-3
40.780
28.120
7.330










Line-4
55.330
31.430
6.220
8.433
1.000
13.080
8.850
0.001
0.014
15.417
0.015


Line-5
56.220
30.240
6.330
9.827
0.840
7.390
7.220
0.001
0.008
8.833
0.009


Line-6
48.670
32.430
6.440
8.573
0.830
5.650
7.870
0.001
0.005
7.519
0.006


Line-7
55.780
32.580
5.890
6.567
0.940
17.940
9.090
0.001
0.017
12.611
0.019


Line-8
37.440
28.770
5.560
6.968
0.810
5.560
7.910
0.001
0.007
7.989
0.008


Line-9
49.560
30.920
6.110
8.710
1.080
11.960
8.550
0.001
0.011
14.306
0.012


Line-10
46.330
28.990
5.670
7.348
2.250
10.370
8.680
0.003
0.012
4.797
0.014


Line-11



10.181
0.540
6.170
9.100
0.001
0.006
12.650
0.007


Line-12



9.370
1.820
10.100
6.240
0.002
0.009
6.294
0.011





Table 76. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (Line) under normal growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 77







Measured parameters in Tomato accessions under salinity conditions









Cor. ID


















Line
2
3
11
12
13
15
27
4
21
17
23





















Line-1
0.540
0.640
0.150
0.120
0.360
5.600
3.560
11.400
0.001
0.000
0.001


Line-2
0.570
0.630
0.160
0.140
0.440
6.460
3.940
11.639
0.001
0.000
0.001


Line-3
0.680
0.690
0.250
0.210
0.260
8.470
5.000






Line-4
0.640
0.590
0.180
0.150
0.710
8.560
4.000
10.788
0.001
0.000
0.001


Line-5
0.560
0.640
0.190
0.160
0.460
8.870
3.560
10.776
0.002
0.000
0.002


Line-6
0.680
0.670
0.170
0.160
0.540
7.560
4.390
6.952
0.001
0.000
0.001


Line-7
0.540
0.620
0.180
0.150
0.660
8.640
3.170
9.213
0.001
0.000
0.001


Line-8
0.670
0.630
0.140
0.150
0.400
5.570
3.720
8.538
0.001
0.000
0.001


Line-9
0.650
0.720
0.140
0.120
0.520
5.820
4.000
10.370
0.001
0.000
0.001


Line-10
0.750
0.680
0.230
0.200
0.450
9.360
4.280
8.840
0.001




Line-11







10.434
0.001
0.000
0.001


Line-12







12.429
0.001
0.000
0.001





Table 77. Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Tomato accessions (Line) under salinity growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 78







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the


invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal and stress


conditions across tomato ecotypes




















Cor. 




Cor.


Gene


Exp.
Set
Gene


Exp.
Set


Name
R
P value
set
ID
Name
R
P value
set
ID





LNU971
0.729
4.01E−02
4
10
LNU971
0.878
1.86E−03
4
 9


LNU971
0.845
4.12E−03
6
21
LNU971 
0.786
2.07E−02
6
23


LNU971
0.736
2.38E−02
3
 8
LNU971
0.736
2.39E−02 
8
 8


LNU972
0.843
4.32E−03
6
21
LNU972 
0.798
1.76E−02
6
23


LNU972
0.817
7.24E−03
3
 8
LNU973
0.808 
1.52E−02
3
10


LNU973
0.716
2.99E−02
3
 9
LNU974
0.738
3.65E−02
1
20


LNU974
0.724
2.73E−02
4
 4
LNU974
0.757
2.97E−02 
4
 1


LNU974 
0.730
2.56E−02
3
 8
LNU974
0.715
3.05E−02
7
 4


LNU974
0.737
2.34E−02
8
 8
LNU975
0.729
2.57E−02
9
 4


LNU975
0.773
1.45E−02
4
 4
LNU975
0.736 
2.36E−02
3
 8


LNU975
0.729
2.58E−02
2
 4
LNU975
0.839
9.17E−03
2
26


LNU975
0.778
1.36E−02
7
 4





Table 78. Provided are the correlations (R) between the expression levels yield improving genes and their homologs in various tissues [Expression (Exp) sets] and the phenotypic performance [yield, biomass, growth rate and/or vigor components (Correlation vector (Corr))] under normal and low nitrogen conditions across tomato ecotypes. P = p value.






Example 10
Production of Maize Transcriptom and High Throughput Correlation Analysis when Grown Under Normal and Defoliation Conditions Using 60K Maize Oligonucleotide Micro-Array
To produce a high throughput correlation analysis, the present inventors utilized a Maize oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem. (dot) agilent (dot) com/Scripts/PDS (dot) asp?1Page=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 60K Maize genes and transcripts designed based on data from Public databases (Example 1). To define correlations between the levels of RNA expression and yield, biomass components or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 13 different Maize varieties were analyzed under normal conditions and defoliation treatment. Same varieties were subjected to RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot) com/hyperstat/A34739 (dot) html].
Experimental Procedures
13 maize varieties lines were grown in 6 repetitive plots, in field. Maize seeds were planted and plants were grown in the field using commercial fertilization and irrigation protocols. After silking 3 plots in every varieties line underwent the defoliation treatment. In this treatment all the leaves above the ear were removed. After the treatment all the plants were grown according to the same commercial fertilization and irrigation protocols.
Three tissues at flowering developmental (R1) stage including leaf (flowering—R1), stem (flowering—R1), and flowering meristem (flowering—R1) representing different plant characteristics, were sampled from treated and untreated plants. RNA was extracted as described in “GENERAL EXPERIMENTAL AND BIOINFORMATICS METHODS”. For convenience, each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Tables 79-80 below.







TABLE 79







Tissues used for Maize transcriptom expression sets 


(Under normal conditions)










Expression Set
Set ID







Female meristem/Normal
1



leaf/Normal
2



stem/Normal
3







Table 79: Provided are the identification (ID) number of each of the Maize expression sets.













TABLE 80







Tissues used for Maize transcriptom expression sets 


(Under defoliation conditions)










Expression Set
Set ID







Female meristem/Defoliation:
1



leaf/Defoliation
2



stem/Defoliation
3







Table 80: Provided are the identification (ID) number of each of the Maize expression sets.






The following parameters were collected by imaging.
The image processing system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37, Java based image processing software, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and is freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/. Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, image processing output data for seed area and seed length was saved to text files and analyzed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).
1000 grain weight—At the end of the experiment all seeds from all plots were collected and weighed and the weight of 1000 was calculated.
Ear Area (cm2)—At the end of the growing period 5 ears were, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The Ear area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ears.
Ear Length and Ear Width (cm)—At the end of the growing period 6 ears were, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The Ear length and width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ears.
Grain Area (cm2)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the ear. A sample of  ̃200 grains were weight, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The grain area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.
Grain Length and Grain width (cm)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the ear. A sample of  ̃200 grains were weight, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain lengths/or width (longest axis) was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.
Grain Perimeter (cm)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the ear. A sample of  ̃200 grains were weight, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain perimeter was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.
Ear filled grain area (cm2)—At the end of the growing period 5 ears were, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The Ear area filled with kernels was measured from those images and was divided by the number of Ears.
Filled per Whole Ear—was calculated as the length of the ear with grains out of the total ear.
Additional parameters were collected either by sampling 6 plants per plot or by measuring the parameter across all the plants within the plot.
Cob width [cm]—The diameter of the cob without grains was measured using a ruler.
Ear average weight [kg]—At the end of the experiment (when ears were harvested) total and 6 selected ears per plots were collected. The ears were weighted and the average ear per plant was calculated. The ear weight was normalized using the relative humidity to be 0%.
Plant height and Ear height—Plants were characterized for height at harvesting. In each measure, 6 plants were measured for their height using a measuring tape. Height was measured from ground level to top of the plant below the tassel. Ear height was measured from the ground level to the place were the main ear is located
Ear row num—The number of rows per ear was counted.
Ear fresh weight per plant (GF)—During the grain filling period (GF) and total and 6 selected ears per plot were collected separately. The ears were weighted and the average ear weight per plant was calculated.
Ears dry weight—At the end of the experiment (when ears were harvested) total and 6 selected ears per plots were collected and weighted. The ear weight was normalized using the relative humidity to be 0%.
Ears fresh weight—At the end of the experiment (when ears were harvested) total and 6 selected ears per plots were collected and weighted.
Ears per plant—number of ears per plant were counted.
Grains weight (Kg.)—At the end of the experiment all ears were collected. Ears from 6 plants from each plot were separately threshed and grains were weighted.
Grains dry weight (Kg.)—At the end of the experiment all ears were collected. Ears from 6 plants from each plot were separately threshed and grains were weighted. The grain weight was normalized using the relative humidity to be 0%.
Grain weight per ear (Kg.)—At the end of the experiment all ears were collected. 5 ears from each plot were separately threshed and grains were weighted. The average grain weight per ear was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by the number of ears.
Leaves area per plant (GF) and (HD) [LAI]=Total leaf area of 6 plants in a plot his parameter was measured at two time points during the course of the experiment; at heading (HD) and during the grain filling period (GF). Measurement was performed using a Leaf area-meter at two time points in the course of the experiment; during the grain filling period and at the heading stage (VT).
Leaves fresh weight (GF) and (HD)—This parameter was measured at two time points during the course of the experiment; at heading (HD) and during the grain filling period (GF). Leaves used for measurement of the LAI were weighted.
Lower stem fresh weight (GF) (HD) and (H)—This parameter was measured at three time points during the course of the experiment: at heading (HD), during the grain filling period (GF) and at harvest (H). Lower internodes from at least 4 plants per plot were separated from the plant and weighted. The average internode weight per plant was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by the number of plants.
Lower stem length (GF) (HD) and (H)—This parameter was measured at three time points during the course of the experiment; at heading (HD), during the grain filling period (GF) and at harvest (H). Lower internodes from at least 4 plants per plot were separated from the plant and their length was measured using a ruler. The average internode length per plant was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by the number of plants.
Lower stem width (GF) (HD) and (H)—This parameter was measured at three time points during the course of the experiment: at heading (HD), during the grain filling period (GF) and at harvest (H). Lower internodes from at least 4 plants per plot were separated from the plant and their diameter was measured using a caliber. The average internode width per plant was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by the number of plants.
Plant height growth: the relative growth rate (RGR) of Plant Height was calculated using Formula III above.
SPAD—Chlorophyll content was determined using a Minolta SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter and measurement was performed 64 days post sowing. SPAD meter readings were done on young fully developed leaf. Three measurements per leaf were taken per plot. Data were taken after 46 and 54 days after sowing (DPS).
Stem fresh weight (GF) and (HD)—This parameter was measured at two time points during the course of the experiment: at heading (HD) and during the grain filling period (GF). Stems of the plants used for measurement of the LAI were weighted.
Total dry matter was calculated using Formula XXXV.
Upper stem fresh weight (GF) (HD) and (H)—This parameter was measured at three time points during the course of the experiment; at heading (HD), during the grain filling period (GF) and at harvest (H). Upper internodes from at least 4 plants per plot were separated from the plant and weighted. The average internode weight per plant was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by the number of plants.
Upper stem length (GF) (HD) and (H)—This parameter was measured at three time points during the course of the experiment; at heading (HD), during the grain filling period (GF) and at harvest (H). Upper internodes from at least 4 plants per plot were separated from the plant and their length was measured using a ruler. The average internode length per plant was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by the number of plants.
Upper stem width (GF) (HD) and (H) (mm)—This parameter was measured at three time points during the course of the experiment; at heading (HD), during the grain filling period (GF) and at harvest (H). Upper internodes from at least 4 plants per plot were separated from the plant and their diameter was measured using a caliber. The average internode width per plant was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by the number of plants.
Vegetative dry weight (Kg.)—total weight of the vegetative portion of 6 plants (above ground excluding roots) after drying at 70° C. in oven for 48 hours weight by the number of plants.
Vegetative fresh weight (Kg.)—total weight of the vegetative portion of 6 plants (above ground excluding roots).
Node number—nodes on the stem were counted at the heading stage of plant development.







TABLE 81







Maize correlated parameters (vectors) under normal conditions and under defoliation









Defoliation









Normal conditions

Correlation










Correlated parameter with
Correlation ID
Correlated parameter with
ID













1000 grains weight [g]
1
1000 grains weight [g]
1


Cob width [mm]
2
Cob width [mm]
2


Ear Area [cm2]
3
Ear Area [cm2]
3


Ear Filled Grain Area [cm2]
4
Ear Filled Grain Area [cm2]
4


Ear Width [cm]
5
Ear Width [cm]
5


Ear avr weight [g]
6
Ear avr weight [g]
6


Ear height [cm]
7
Ear height [cm]
7


Ear length (feret's) [cm]
8
Ear length (feret's) [cm]
8


Ear row num
9
Ear row num
9


Ears FW per plant (GF) [g/plant]
10
Ears dry weight (SP) [g/plant]
10


Ears dry weight (SP) [kg]
11
Ears fresh weight (SP) [kg]
11


Ears fresh weight (SP) [kg]
12
Ears per plant (SP) [g/plant]
12


Ears per plant (SP) [g/plant]
13
Filled/Whole Ear [value]
13


Filled/Whole Ear [value]
14
Grain Perimeter [cm]
14


Grain Perimeter [cm]
15
Grain RH [%]
15


Grain RH [%]
16
Grain area [cm2]
16


Grain area [cm2]
17
Grain length [cm]
17


Grain length [cm]
18
Grain width [cm]
18


Grain width [cm]
19
Grains dry weight (SP) [kg]
19


Grains dry weight (SP) [kg]
20
Grains weight (SP) [kg]
20


Grains weight (SP) [kg]
21
Grains weight per ear (SP) [kg]
21


Grains weight per ear (SP) [kg]
22
Leaves FW (hd) [g]
22


Leaves FW (GF) [g]
23
Leaves area PP (hd) [cm2]
23


Leaves FW (hd) [g]
24
Leaves num (LAI) (hd)
24


Leaves area PP (GF) [cm2]
25
Leaves num 1
25


Leaves area PP (hd) [cm2]
26
Leaves temperature (GF)
26


Leaves num (LAI) (hd)
27
Lower Stem FW (h) [g]
27


Leaves num 1
28
Lower Stem FW (hd) [g]
28


Leaves temperature (GF)
29
Lower Stem length (h) [cm]
29


Lower Stem FW (GF) [g]
30
Lower Stem length (hd) [cm]
30


Lower Stem FW (h) [g]
31
Lower Stem width (h) [mm]
31


Lower Stem FW (hd) [g]
32
Lower Stem width (hd) [mm]
32


Lower Stem length (GF) [cm]
33
Node number
33


Lower Stem length (h) [cm]
34
Num days to Heading (field)
34


Lower Stem length (hd) [cm]
35
Plant height [cm]
35


Lower Stem width (GF) [cm]
36
Plant height growth [cm/day]
36


Lower Stem width (h) [mm]
37
SPAD (GF) [value]
37


Lower Stem width (hd) [mm]
38
Stem FW (hd) [mm]
38


Node number
39
Total dry matter (SP) [kg]
39


Num days to Heading (field)
40
Upper Stem FW (h) [g]
40


Plant height [cm]
41
Upper Stem length (h) [cm]
41


Plant height growth [cm/day]
42
Upper Stem width (h) [mm]
42


SPAD (GF) [value]
43
Vegetative DW (SP) [kg]
43


Stem FW (GF) [g]
44
Vegetative FW (SP) [kg]
44


Stem FW (hd) [g]
45




Total dry matter (SP) [kg]
46




Upper Stem FW (GF) [g]
47




Upper Stem FW (h) [g]
48




Upper Stem length (GF) [cm]
49




Upper Stem length (h) [cm]
50




Upper Stem width (GF) [mm]
51




Upper Stem width (h) [mm]
52




Vegetative DW (SP) [kg]
53




Vegetative FW (SP) [kg]
54





Table 81. Provided are the maize correlated parameters,.


“NUE” = nitrogen use efficiency;


“DW” = dry weight;


“cm” = centimeter,


“GF” = grain filling,


“PP” = per plant,


“h” = harvest,


“avr” = average,


“NUM” = number.


“mm” = millimeter;


“g” = grams;


“kg” = kilograms;


“cm” = centimeter.






Thirteen maize varieties were grown, and characterized for parameters, as described above. The average for each parameter was calculated using the JMP software, and values are summarized in Tables 82-85 below. Subsequent correlation between the various transcriptom sets for all or sub set of lines was done by the bioinformatic unit and results were integrated into the database (Tables 86-87 below).







TABLE 82







Measured parameters in Maize varieties under normal conditions













Ecotype/Treatment
Line-1
Line-2
Line-3
Line-4
Line-5
Line-6
















1
241.091
296.503
232.402
263.250
305.376
303.614


2
23.427
24.633
22.149
25.106
24.714
23.207


3
47.516
82.296
36.009
74.626
61.731
76.997


4
46.808
80.887
17.431
72.415
56.829
73.430


5
4.249
4.656
3.210
4.787
5.016
4.961


6
22.854
209.500
55.556
164.627
132.917
177.444


7
71.139
121.667
110.611
134.235
89.333
149.639


8
13.937
22.091
13.897
19.622
16.062
20.024


9
11.778
13.000
13.750
14.944
15.471
14.556


10
228.743
351.262
201.689
323.077
217.161
307.874


11
0.615
1.257
0.333
1.087
0.798
1.065


12
0.688
1.687
0.468
1.457
1.072
1.412


13
1.667
1.000
1.000
1.111
1.000
1.000


14
0.985
0.982
0.406
0.969
0.919
0.953


15
3.146
3.299
2.793
3.233
3.318
3.275


16
12.700
12.500
12.367
12.367
12.233
11.967


17
0.652
0.720
0.517
0.667
0.705
0.706


18
1.058
1.125
0.895
1.123
1.155
1.133


19
0.783
0.808
0.734
0.753
0.776
0.789


20
0.415
0.907
0.121
0.800
0.367
0.766


21
0.475
1.037
0.138
0.913
0.418
0.869


22
0.069
0.151
0.020
0.133
0.061
0.128


23
137.328
230.129
141.263
197.636
154.760
201.031


24
96.392
110.968
103.967
80.570
119.360
157.210


25
4186.917
7034.596 
4884.333
6402.795
4297.250
6353.074


26
4341.250
3171.000
4347.500
3527.000
4517.333
3984.750


27
9.000
8.000
8.833
6.750
8.500
7.750


28
4.333
4.833
3.917
4.167
4.000
4.833


29
32.294
33.111
35.214
33.517
34.526
33.869


30
29.703
35.403
15.660
25.025
23.986
26.514


31
33.690
23.517
21.746
20.340
23.466
25.083


32
38.818
72.988
36.998
59.900
32.614
74.715


33
13.417
19.350
15.833
20.400
16.342
20.925


34
12.484
16.761
16.094
20.022
15.006
22.594


35
9.417
14.500
14.133
17.750
11.083
20.000


36
20.208
19.855
15.904
16.841
15.593
16.139


37
21.518
19.423
15.819
17.188
17.028
16.086


38
23.494
24.138
20.247
20.533
20.812
20.973


39
14.667
15.222
13.778
14.556
13.667
14.611


40
74.000
69.667
74.000
71.000
74.000
69.667


41
173.389
265.111
203.556
255.944
177.444
271.111


42
4.030
6.302
4.153
6.519
4.358
7.144


43
60.952
59.772
48.589
53.170
57.919
53.206


44
447.155
649.026
347.648
489.318
404.783
524.055


45
468.300
758.610
392.713
587.875
437.855
801.320


46
1.615
2.565
1.411
2.058
1.835
2.316


47
14.369
19.614
8.862
15.539
13.003
17.824


48
10.441
12.937
8.003
11.212
10.438
12.975


49
11.792
16.633
13.917
18.755
13.217
18.375


50
10.422
16.928
13.683
18.756
12.306
18.717





Table 82.













TABLE 83







Measured parameters in Maize varieties under normal conditions, additional maize lines














Ecotype/ 









Treatment
Line-14
Line-15
Line-16
Line-17
Line-18
Line-19
Line-20

















1
290.881
202.573
250.257
275.409
306.201
256.858
187.316


2
23.184
25.919
24.876
22.751
26.468
21.662
24.046


3
78.355
51.175
93.914
57.832
96.772
64.428
55.077


4
74.411
45.927
92.312
54.139
95.429
61.811
51.437


5
4.786
4.368
5.182
4.430
5.001
4.091
4.264


6
147.490
101.917
207.111
100.476
228.444
129.889
84.805


7
118.389
117.889
145.235
99.222
133.778
81.444
125.000


8
20.313
14.750
22.601
16.653
23.837
19.849
16.955


9
16.118
15.944
15.889
13.545
14.000
12.667
17.941


10
325.083
244.997
327.145
241.060
363.704
262.126
146.149


11
1.159
0.612
1.292
0.632
1.371
0.779
0.690


12
1.800
0.704
1.595
0.865
1.739
1.213
0.861


13
1.000
1.000
1.056
1.056
1.000
1.000
0.944


14
0.930
0.889
0.982
0.934
0.986
0.955
0.934


15
3.246
2.860
3.182
3.082
3.291
2.946
2.810


16
12.600
12.033
12.233
11.200
11.967
13.133
11.667


17
0.665
0.526
0.646
0.627
0.705
0.587
0.495


18
1.142
0.992
1.118
1.041
1.151
0.969
0.962


19
0.740
0.672
0.730
0.763
0.774
0.767
0.653


20
0.820
0.362
0.921
0.419
1.017
0.516
0.408


21
0.940
0.411
1.050
0.471
1.155
0.595
0.462


22
0.137
0.064
0.154
0.073
0.169
0.086
0.073


23
212.413
137.330
181.432
133.844
199.221
155.821
140.336


24
116.750
96.150
106.945
107.158
85.973
98.842
134.450


25
7123.475
4162.750
6075.206
4339.788
6597.666
4756.583
4209.091


26





4205.500



27
7.000
8.667
7.250
7.833
7.250
9.000
9.833


28
4.250
3.833
4.833
3.333
4.083
3.833
4.167


29
33.185
34.815
33.659
36.480
33.781
34.431
34.898


30
27.606
24.589
25.264
24.006
26.178
21.142
29.925


31
20.603
15.197
16.347
19.856
18.901
22.333
31.712


32
60.358
50.068
63.067
46.065
55.885
29.802
68.184


33
18.083
17.700
20.182
15.475
19.808
16.042
23.075


34
17.072
18.267
20.694
14.622
18.478
16.206
21.117


35
15.000
12.333
18.675
14.633
20.500
11.240
18.333


36
18.105
16.705
17.094
15.435
16.868
15.521
14.653


37
17.962
15.953
18.421
16.266
17.434
15.489
16.656


38
23.473
21.292
20.973
20.593
21.458
18.966
22.008


39
14.278
13.889
14.722
14.444
15.444
12.556
13.389


40
72.000
74.000
69.667
74.000
71.000
74.000
68.333


41
244.250 
215.206
273.556
229.889
273.222
194.056
260.167


42
5.603
4.686
6.960
4.424
7.017
4.298
6.424


43
55.376
56.450
56.759
54.600
55.812
52.548
61.457


44
507.783 
475.345
549.336
463.157 
509.738
324.976
477.917


45
660.695 
468.267
724.575
435.500 
618.460
339.267
592.130


46
2.233
1.347
2.727
1.503
2.331
1.560
1.615


47
15.849
12.442
14.395
16.773
17.848
13.457
20.847


48
9.723
3.074
6.981
9.759
9.396
11.344
16.205


49
17.067
14.467
17.518
17.542
18.150
15.625
20.150


50
16.417
12.094
18.339
15.622
16.628
16.572
18.494





Table 83.













TABLE 84







Measured parameters in Maize varieties under defoliation













Ecotype/Treatment
Line-2
Line-3
Line-4
Line-5
Line-6
Line-7
















1
280.025
249.808
251.859
244.024
294.292
262.463


2
19.028
21.874
22.115
19.269
16.306
21.460


3
53.600
NA
45.503
25.764
38.307
37.749


4
51.497
NA
42.952
21.912
34.591
36.008


5
4.181
NA
4.207
3.376
3.919
3.945


6
89.202
56.056
100.750
26.773
73.389
79.167


7
119.444
102.778
131.556
91.375
145.528
121.000


8
16.338
NA
13.626
10.542
12.889
12.481


9
12.706
13.909
14.357
13.600
13.000
13.167


10
0.747
0.317
0.583
0.189
0.440
0.475


11
0.973
0.464
0.833
0.250
0.629
0.637


12
1.000
0.944
0.944
0.471
1.000
1.000


13
0.954
NA
0.915
0.820
0.873
0.951


14
3.109
2.936
3.144
2.894
3.179
2.919


15
13.467
12.767
12.367
13.200
12.833
12.400


16
0.649
0.562
0.632
0.563
0.669
0.570


17
1.052
0.947
1.080
0.957
1.079
0.956


18
0.777
0.753
0.740
0.729
0.781
0.757


19
0.523
0.155
0.400
0.087
0.289
0.283


20
0.604
0.178
0.456
0.097
0.331
0.323


21
0.087
0.027
0.069
0.021
0.048
0.047


22
112.270
78.475
94.985
107.475
125.138
93.500


23
3914.000
NA
3480.000
NA
4276.500
NA


24
7.750
8.000
7.500
8.667
8.000
8.167


25
4.500
3.917
4.083
4.917
4.333
4.583


26
32.472
34.626
33.093
34.456
33.637
32.433


27
23.021
18.392
26.502
19.689
26.975
14.456


28
64.160
30.778
53.813
28.248
56.413
47.118


29
16.294
15.306
21.439
14.294
20.850
14.056


30
15.150
12.250
18.500
9.133
16.667
14.917


31
19.539
15.813
16.899
15.916
15.793
15.517


32
24.300
18.868
20.565
21.737
21.058
22.490


33
15.167
13.167
14.389
13.294
15.000
13.833


34
72.000
78.000
73.000
74.000
73.000
74.000


35
251.417
191.000
248.639
175.500
268.056
203.444


36
6.385
3.787
6.319
4.232
6.315
4.214


37
61.213
47.106
57.363
55.451
58.022
58.156


38
713.540
323.125
538.043
442.733
705.525
421.642





Table 84.













TABLE 85







Measured parameters in Maize varieties under defoliation, additional maize lines














Ecotype/









Treatment 
Line-14
Line-15 
Line-16
Line-17
Line-18
Line-19
Line-20

















1
230.119
200.087
271.250 
236.886 
259.427
218.764
203.643


2
19.768
23.640
22.441
20.880
20.283
20.871
21.198


3
39.827
32.330
47.329
21.782
65.896
37.337
63.114


4
36.313
25.193
43.339
20.167
64.803
34.644
54.962


5
4.099
3.520
4.202
2.743
4.664
3.532
4.562


6
85.044
53.044
33.100
92.167
161.761
66.500
89.497


7
123.375
112.722
135.000
96.000
136.500
73.500
113.944


8
13.214
11.957
14.818
10.472
17.602
13.734
17.210


9
14.063
15.125
13.750
12.333
13.938
12.471
18.000


10
0.454
0.300
0.630
0.128
0.803
0.399
0.478


11
0.648
0.371
0.819
0.136
1.148
0.739
0.599


12
0.889
0.944
1.000
0.222
0.882
1.000
0.944


13
0.905
0.709
0.905
0.933
0.983
0.918
0.757


14
3.130
2.558
3.016
2.810
3.117
2.767
2.934


15
12.567
13.000
13.150
12.800
13.150
12.967
11.700


16
0.631
0.442
0.610
0.528
0.623
0.513
0.543


17
1.066
0.826
1.024
0.932
1.084
0.927
1.020


18
0.750
0.672
0.750
0.716
0.724
0.699
0.670


19
0.302
0.143
0.439
0.044
0.667
0.255
0.359


20
0.345
0.165
0.505
0.050
0.767
0.293
0.406


21
0.056
0.025
0.073
0.026
0.124
0.043
0.076


22
113.783
93.190
93.738
94.367
89.858
91.600
122.070


23
3436.000
NA
4593.000
NA
4315.500
NA
NA


24
6.750
8.800
7.500
7.833
6.250
8.500
9.400


25
4.417
4.667
4.500
4.000
4.083
4.333
4.167


26
33.433
32.831
33.424
33.020
33.981
31.871
33.320


27
27.885
17.561
17.329
17.691
20.510
23.057
34.332


28
64.188
48.835
76.233
45.857
57.850
27.597
59.030


29
18.759
17.972
20.883
13.228
17.828
14.911
20.122


30
16.100
12.917
14.833
12.917
17.500
10.667
17.200


31
18.215
17.289
17.233
16.176
17.882
15.890
18.708


32
20.955
22.352
22.470
20.057
21.230
18.472
20.590


33
14.389
13.667
14.667
14.222
15.611
12.333
13.111


34
71.000
74.000
70.667
74.000
71.000
75.333
72.000


35
254.639
210.222
261.944
215.889
268.878
181.722
251.000


36
6.482
4.912
6.282
4.450
7.044
3.711
5.808


37
59.654
58.322
59.985
54.907
56.761
50.606
60.657


38
673.238 
485.700
738.368
392.267
692.225
327.840
539.167





Table 85.






Tables 86 and 87 here in below provide the correlations (R) between the expression levels yield improving genes and their homologs in various tissues [Expression (Exp) sets] and the phenotypic performance [yield, biomass, growth rate and/or vigor components (Correlation vector (Cor))] under normal and defoliation conditions across maize varieties. P=p value.







TABLE 86







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of the


invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal conditions across


maize varieties




















Cor.




Cor.


Gene


Exp.
Set
Gene


Exp.
Set


Name
R
P value
set
ID
Name
R
P value
set
ID



















LNU814
0.711
1.41E−02
3
26
LNU824
0.727
3.85E−05
3
50


LNU824
0.843
1.24E−07
3
12
LNU824
0.720
4.95E−05
3
6


LNU824
0.770
6.81E−06
3
20
LNU824
0.779
4.47E−06
3
11


LNU824
0.775
5.45E−06
3
21
LNU824
0.752
1.44E−05
3
25


LNU824
0.701
9.54E−05
3
10
LNU824
0.754
1.34E−05
3
22


LNU824
0.776
1.35E−05
2
50
LNU824
0.704
1.76E−04
2
23


LNU824
0.743
4.96E−05
2
12
LNU824
0.708
1.56E−04
2
11


LNU832
0.766
1.60E−02
2
26
LNU813
0.722
1.21E−02
2
49


LNU813
0.738
6.14E−03
3
13
LNU814
0.700
1.12E−02
3
32


LNU813
0.719
1.26E−02
2
48
LNU815
0.835
7.34E−04
1
36


LNU814
0.729
1.10E−02
1
5
LNU815
0.732
6.85E−03
1
19


LNU815
0.705
1.05E−02
1
1
LNU816
0.703
1.57E−02
2
7


LNU815
0.753
4.68E−03
1
30
LNU817
0.840
1.21E−03
2
38


LNU816
0.722
7.99E−03
1
13
LNU818
0.834
7.40E−04
3
37


LNU818
0.731
6.92E−03
3
28
LNU818
0.737
9.61E−03
2
41


LNU818
0.794
2.02E−03
3
7
LNU818
0.770
5.60E−03
2
34


LNU818
0.700
1.64E−02
2
51
LNU818
0.749
8.04E−03
1
5


LNU818
0.829
1.60E−03
2
7
LNU819
0.712
1.40E−02
2
40


LNU819
0.764
6.20E−03
3
5
LNU820
0.755
4.57E−03
3
18


LNU819
0.713
1.37E−02
1
5
LNU820
0.834
7.46E−04
3
32


LNU820
0.794
2.05E−03
3
46
LNU820
0.704
1.07E−02
3
21


LNU820
0.712
9.44E−03
3
20
LNU820
0.759
4.22E−03
1
36


LNU820
0.712
9.44E−03
3
22
LNU821
0.715
8.92E−03
3
51


LNU820
0.736
6.32E−03
1
19
LNU823
0.780
2.76E−03
3
34


LNU823
0.766
3.65E−03
3
51
LNU823
0.757
4.38E−03
3
42


LNU823
0.741
5.79E−03
3
33
LNU823
0.726
7.47E−03
3
35


LNU823
0.776
3.03E−03
3
43
LNU823
0.753
1.19E−02
2
8


LNU823
0.744
8.61E−03
2
51
LNU825
0.745
5.38E−03
3
19


LNU824
0.705
1.05E−02
3
13
LNU828
0.726
7.57E−03
3
34


LNU825
0.704
1.56E−02
2
1
LNU828
0.719
8.47E−03
1
49


LNU828
0.804
1.62E−03
3
33
LNU828
0.726
7.53E−03
1
48


LNU828
0.789
2.31E−03
1
45
LNU829
0.713
9.30E−03
3
19


LNU828
0.823
1.02E−03
1
30
LNU831
0.865
2.82E−04
1
36


LNU831
0.746
5.30E−03
3
44
LNU834
0.730
6.97E−03
1
24


LNU831
0.777
2.96E−03
1
53
LNU834
0.805
1.57E−03
1
34


LNU834
0.751
7.71E−03
1
5
LNU834
0.702
1.09E−02
1
46


LNU834
0.723
7.92E−03
1
18
LNU834
0.767
3.57E−03
1
20


LNU834
0.829
8.51E−04
1
32
LNU834
0.751
4.89E−03
1
11


LNU834
0.723
7.86E−03
1
7
LNU834
0.767
3.57E−03
1
22


LNU834
0.758
4.28E−03
1
21
LNU835
0.876
1.86E−04
1
49


LNU835
0.725
1.15E−02
2
51
LNU835
0.809
1.46E−03
1
44


LNU835
0.748
5.16E−03
1
52
LNU835
0.925
1.61E−05
1
48


LNU835
0.869
2.39E−04
1
45
LNU835
0.806
1.54E−03
1
31


LNU835
0.784
2.52E−03
1
10
LNU839
0.751
7.71E−03
1
5


LNU835
0.916
2.89E−05
1
30
LNU841
0.792
3.65E−03
2
25


LNU840
0.844
5.57E−04
1
25
LNU841
0.845
5.38E−04
1
36


LNU841
0.710
9.70E−03
1
47
LNU841
0.849
4.80E−04
1
37


LNU841
0.854
4.03E−04
1
53
LNU841
0.729
7.17E−03
1
54


LNU841
0.772
3.27E−03
1
55
LNU844
0.716
8.75E−03
3
46


LNU844
0.724
7.79E−03
3
24
LNU844
0.758
4.28E−03
3
20


LNU844
0.812
1.34E−03
3
32
LNU844
0.747
5.21E−03
3
21


LNU844
0.717
8.64E−03
3
11
LNU844
0.835
7.31E−04
1
44


LNU844
0.758
4.28E−03
3
22
LNU844
0.727
7.35E−03
1
55


LNU844
0.731
6.88E−03
1
45
LNU845
0.799
1.81E−03
3
33





Table 86.













TABLE 87







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments 


of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under 


defoliation across maize varieties




















Cor.




Cor.


Gene


Exp.
Set
Gene


Exp.
Set


Name
R
P value
set 
ID
Name
R
P value
set
ID



















LNU814
0.761
1.01E−05
3
21
LNU819
0.765
8.32E−06
1
21


LNU824 
0.720 
4.95E−05 
3
41
LNU824 
0.715
5.85E−05 
2
41


LNU824 
0.719 
5.18E−05 
2
11
LNU829 
0.725
7.62E−03 
3
23


LNU829 
0.753 
1.41E−05 
3
21
LNU832 
0.703
8.91E−05 
1
21


LNU835 
0.720 
4.98E−05 
1
21
LNU813 
0.721
8.15E−03 
2
15


LNU813 
0.740 
5.93E−03 
1
22
LNU814 
0.701
1.11E−02 
1
36


LNU814 
0.701 
1.11E−02 
3
24
LNU815 
0.766
3.70E−03 
3
16


LNU815 
0.710 
9.74E−03 
3
14
LNU815 
0.773
3.20E−03 
1
18


LNU815 
0.769 
3.49E−03 
1
16
LNU816 
0.714
9.14E−03 
1
21


LNU816 
0.751 
4.86E−03 
3
2
LNU817 
0.718
8.54E−03 
1
22


LNU817 
0.732 
6.79E−03 
3
24
LNU819
0.754
4.59E−03
2
22


LNU819 
0.716 
8.80E−03 
3
42
LNU819 
0.767
3.57E−03 
2
2


LNU819 
0.792 
2.16E−03 
2
5
LNU819 
0.730
6.98E−03 
2
7


LNU819 
0.733 
6.71E−03 
2
37
LNU823
0.706
1.03E−02
3
14


LNU820 
0.771 
3.29E−03 
1
36
LNU823 
0.738
6.19E−03 
3
1


LNU823 
0.765 
3.78E−03 
3
16
LNU824 
0.834
7.54E−04 
1
36


LNU823 
0.764 
3.81E−03 
1
36
LNU829 
0.725
7.62E−03 
3
23


LNU825 
0.700 
1.12E−02 
3
8
LNU829 
0.870
2.32E−04 
1
36


LNU829 
0.744 
5.55E−03 
3
32
LNU831
0.703
1.08E−02
3
31


LNU829 
0.733 
6.68E−03 
2
27
LNU833 
0.752
4.82E−03 
2
42


LNU832 
0.712 
9.33E−03 
3
40
LNU834 
0.771
3.30E−03 
3
30


LNU834 
0.723 
7.83E−03 
3
2
LNU837 
0.748
5.16E−03 
3
22


LNU834
0.705
1.05E−02 
1
21
LNU837
0.786
2.45E−03
2
22


LNU837 
0.728 
7.24E−03 
3
37
LNU837 
0.718
8.55E−03 
2
31


LNU837 
0.768 
3.56E−03 
2
37
LNU839 
0.771
3.30E−03 
3
30


LNU837 
0.728 
7.24E−03 
2
24
LNU843 
0.709
9.87E−03 
1
32


LNU841 
0.815 
1.23E−03 
3
26
LNU844 
0.827
9.07E−04 
1
2


LNU844 
0.731 
6.88E−03 
1
5
LNU845 
0.805
1.57E−03 
3
2


LNU844 
0.808 
1.49E−03 
1
9
LNU813 
0.783
2.59E−03 
3
4


LNU845 
0.779 
2.85E−03 
1
30
LNU813
0.737
6.26E−03
3
8


LNU811 
0.733 
4.40E−03 
1
15
LNU813 
0.701
7.60E−03 
1
11


LNU813 
0.760 
4.15E−03
3
3
LNU814 
0.744
3.54E−03 
3
6


LNU813 
0.749 
3.23E−03 
3
26
LNU814
0.832
4.23E−04 
1
21


LNU814 
0.721 
5.42E−03 
3
1
LNU815 
0.806
8.77E−04 
1
21


LNU814 
0.819 
6.19E−04 
3
21
LNU816
0.871
1.07E−04
3
9


LNU815 
0.703 
7.34E−03 
1
6
LNU816 
0.722
5.28E−03 
1
44


LNU816 
0.724 
5.11E−03 
3
28
LNU817
0.707
6.87E−03
3
2


LNU816 
0.750 
3.16E−03 
1
40
LNU817 
0.716
5.92E−03 
2
12


LNU816 
0.854 
2.00E−04 
1
27
LNU818 
0.702
7.45E−03 
1
39


LNU817 
0.764 
2.35E−03 
1
2
LNU818 
0.743
3.64E−03 
1
11


LNU818 
0.791 
1.27E−03 
1
22
LNU818
0.756
2.77E−03
1
19


LNU818 
0.796 
1.12E−03 
1
38
LNU818 
0.765
2.33E−03 
1
20


LNU818 
0.707 
6.93E−03 
1
37
LNU819 
0.704
1.07E−02 
3
4


LNU818 
0.740 
3.82E−03 
1
10
LNU819 
0.717
5.84E−03 
3
30


LNU818 
0.733 
4.40E−03 
1
32
LNU819 
0.809
8.02E−04 
1
16


LNU819 
0.745 
3.45E−03 
3
28
LNU819 
0.731
4.53E−03 
1
6


LNU819 
0.741
3.75E−03 
1
14
LNU819 
0.925
5.82E−06 
1
21


LNU819 
0.839 
3.34E−04 
1
1
LNU821 
0.751
3.07E−03 
1
6


LNU819 
0.830 
4.53E−04 
1
18
LNU821
0.886
5.50E−05 
1
21


LNU821 
0.704 
7.29E−03 
1
1
LNU822 
0.710
6.59E−03 
2
44


LNU821 
0.700 
1.12E−02 
1
8
LNU824 
0.707
6.94E−03 
1
41


LNU822 
0.756 
2.77E−03 
2
31
LNU825
0.761
2.54E−03
3
40


LNU823
0.709 
9.90E−03 
1
8
LNU825 
0.736
4.13E−03 
2
16


LNU824 
0.749 
3.19E−03 
1
43
LNU825
0.749
3.20E−03 
2
18


LNU825 
0.700 
7.70E−03 
3
27
LNU829 
0.739
3.94E−03 
3
14


LNU825
0.707 
6.85E−03 
2
6
LNU829 
0.848
2.48E−04 
3
1


LNU829 
0.757 
4.39E−03 
3
4
LNU829 
0.709
9.84E−03 
3
3


LNU829 
0.773 
1.93E−03 
3
16
LNU829
0.931
3.74E−06
3
21


LNU829 
0.771 
2.02E−03 
3
18
LNU831 
0.771
2.02E−03 
2
10


LNU829 
0.740 
5.92E−03 
3
8
LNU832 
0.799
1.05E−03 
1
41


LNU831 
0.714 
6.16E−03 
2
33
LNU832
0.785
1.46E−03
1
21


LNU831 
0.711 
6.49E−03 
2
20
LNU834 
0.723
5.22E−03 
3
35


LNU832 
0.726 
7.53E−03 
1
8
LNU834 
0.708
6.75E−03 
1
33


LNU832 
0.783 
1.54E−03 
2
34
LNU835
0.726
5.00E−03
1
6


LNU834 
0.746 
3.40E−03 
3
6
LNU835 
0.828
4.72E−04 
1
21


LNU835 
0.715 
5.98E−03 
1
1
LNU835 
0.756
2.80E−03 
2
18


LNU835 
0.704 
7.26E−03 
1
18
LNU838
0.744
3.57E−03
1
41


LNU835 
0.718 
5.69E−03 
2
1
LNU838 
0.746
5.33E−03 
1
8


LNU835 
0.841 
3.17E−04 
2
21
LNU839
0.746
3.40E−03
3
6


LNU838 
0.750 
3.16E−03 
1
40
LNU841 
0.719
5.61E−03 
1
21


LNU839
0.723 
5.22E−03 
3
35
LNU843 
0.734
4.27E−03 
2
27


LNU839 
0.708 
6.75E−03 
1
33
LNU846
0.739
3.91E−03
2
36


LNU841 
0.745 
3.46E−03 
2
2
LNU846 
0.714
6.16E−03 
2
29





Table 87.






Example 11
Production of Foxtail Millet Transcriptom and High Throughput Correlation Analysis Using 60K Foxtail Millet Oligonucleotide Micro-Array
In order to produce a high throughput correlation analysis comparing between plant phenotype and gene expression level, the present inventors utilized a foxtail millet oligonucleotide micro-array, produced by Agilent Technologies [chem. (dot) agilent (dot) com/Scripts/PDS (dot) asp?1Page=50879]. The array oligonucleotide represents about 60K foxtail millet genes and transcripts. In order to define correlations between the levels of RNA expression and yield or vigor related parameters, various plant characteristics of 14 different foxtail millet accessions were analyzed. Among them, 11 accessions encompassing the observed variance were selected for RNA expression analysis. The correlation between the RNA levels and the characterized parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation test [davidmlane (dot) com/hyperstat/A34739 (dot) html].
Experimental Procedures
14 foxtail millet varieties were grown in 5 repetitive plots, in field. Briefly, the growing protocol was as follows:
1. Regular growth conditions: foxtail millet plants were grown in the field using commercial fertilization and irrigation protocols, which include 283 m3 water per dunam (100 square meters) per entire growth period and fertilization of 16 units of URAN® 32% (Nitrogen Fertilizer Solution; PCS Sales, Northbrook, Ill., USA) (normal growth conditions).
2. Drought conditions: foxtail millet seeds were sown in soil and grown under normal condition until heading stage (22 days from sowing), drought treatment was imposed by irrigating plants with 50% water relative to the normal treatment from this stage (171 m3 water per dunam (100 square meters) per entire growth period).
Analyzed foxtail millet tissues—All 14 foxtail millet lines were sample per each treatment. Three tissues [leaf, flower, and stem] at 2 different developmental stages [flowering, grain filling], representing different plant characteristics, were sampled and RNA was extracted as described above. Each micro-array expression information tissue type has received a Set ID as summarized in Tables 88-89 below.







TABLE 88







Foxtail millet transcriptom expression sets under drought conditions








Expression Set
Set ID





flower: flowering stage: drought
1


leaf: flowering stage: drought
2


stem: flowering stage: drought
3


grain: grain filling stage: drought
4


leaf: grain filling stage: drought 
5


stem: grain filling stage: drought
6





Table 88. Provided are the barley transcriptome expression sets under drought conditions













TABLE 89







Foxtail millet transcriptom expression sets under normal conditions








Expression Set
Set ID





flower: flowering stage
1


leaf: flowering stage
2


grain: grain filling stage: normal
4


leaf: grain filling stage: normal
5


stem: grain filling stage: normal
6





Table 89. Provided are the barley transcriptome expression sets under normal conditions






Foxtail millet yield components and vigor related parameters assessment—Plants were continuously phenotyped during the growth period and at harvest (Table 102, below). The image analysis system included a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37 (Java based image processing program, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet [Hypertext Transfer Protocol://rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/]. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).
The following parameters were collected using digital imaging system:
At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the Plant ‘Head’ and the following parameters were measured and collected:
Average Grain Area (cm2)—A sample of  ̃200 grains was weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The grain area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.
Average Grain Length and width (cm)—A sample of  ̃200 grains was weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain lengths and width (longest axis) were measured from those images and were divided by the number of grains.
At the end of the growing period 14 ‘Heads’ were photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system.
Average Grain Perimeter (cm)—At the end of the growing period the grains were separated from the Plant ‘Head’. A sample of  ̃200 grains were weighted, photographed and images were processed using the below described image processing system. The sum of grain perimeter was measured from those images and was divided by the number of grains.
Head Average Area (cm2) The ‘Head’ area was measured from those images and was divided by the number of ‘Heads’.
Head Average Length and width (mm) The ‘Head’ length and width (longest axis) were measured from those images and were divided by the number of ‘Heads’.
The image processing system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.37, Java based image processing software, which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and is freely available on the internet at Hypertext Transfer Protocol://rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/. Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, image processing output data for seed area and seed length was saved to text files and analyzed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).
Additional parameters were collected either by sampling 5 plants per plot or by measuring the parameter across all the plants within the plot.
Head weight (gr.) and head number (num.)—At the end of the experiment, heads were harvested from each plot and were counted and weighted.
Total Grain Yield (gr.)—At the end of the experiment (plant ‘Heads’) heads from plots were collected, the heads were threshed and grains were weighted. In addition, the average grain weight per head was calculated by dividing the total grain weight by number of total heads per plot (based on plot).
1000 Seeds weight [gr]—weight of 1000 seeds per plot
Biomass at harvest—At the end of the experiment the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) from plots was weighted.
Total dry mater per plot—Calculated as Vegetative portion above ground plus all the heads dry weight per plot.
Num days to anthesis—Calculated as the number of days from sowing till 50% of the plot arrives anthesis.
Maintenance of performance under drought conditions: Represent ratio for the specified parameter of Drought condition results divided by Normal conditions results (maintenance of phenotype under drought in comparison to normal conditions).
Data parameters collected are summarized in Table 90, herein below.







TABLE 90







Foxtail millet correlated parameters (vectors)










Correlated parameter with
Correlation ID














1000 grain weight (gr)
1



Biomass at harvest (1M) (Kg.)
2



Grain Perimeter (cm)
3



Grain area (cm2)
4



Grain length (cm)
5



Grain width (cm)
6



Grains yield per Head (plot) (gr)
7



Head Area (cm2)
8



Head Width (cm)
9



Head length (cm)
10



Heads num
11



Num days to Anthesis
12



Total Grains yield (gr)
13



Total dry matter (1M) (Kg.)
14



Total heads weight (Kg.)
15







Table 90. Provided are the foxtail millet collected parameters.






Experimental Results
14 different foxtail millet accessions were grown and characterized for different parameters as described above (Table 90). The average for each of the measured parameter was calculated using the JMP software and values are summarized in Tables 91-96 below. Subsequent correlation analysis between the various transcriptom sets and the average parameters (Tables 91-96) was conducted (Tables 97-99). Follow, results were integrated to the database.







TABLE 91







Measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions 


under drought conditions















Line/










Cor. ID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8


















Line-1
2.6392
1.5284
0.6825
0.0333
0.2416
0.1755
3.0533
35.7477


Line-2
3.3285
3.4592
0.7215
0.0373
0.2445
0.1943
8.8318
50.7137


Line-3
2.6105
2.8720
0.6888
0.0335
0.2496
0.1707
1.3364
18.3997


Line-4
2.2948
2.9348
0.6827
0.0319
0.2543
0.1597
1.0933
14.9379


Line-5
2.3036
3.0224
0.6902
0.0326
0.2568
0.1618
1.3094
17.6865


Line-6
2.6419
2.6648
0.6923
0.0334
0.2504
0.1701
0.4864
9.9107


Line-7
2.2151
2.9750
0.6481
0.0297
0.2331
0.1626
1.6279
20.9859


Line-8
1.8374
0.7652
0.5695
0.0238
0.1944
0.1561
3.7375
39.9290


Line-9
2.5396
2.6616
0.6607
0.0317
0.2230
0.1807
9.9001
42.1487


Line-10
1.6912
2.9464
0.5929
0.0252
0.2034
0.1581
4.1426
43.5237


Line-11
3.0961
3.2304
0.7204
0.0365
0.2608
0.1782
2.9746
26.9309


Line-12
2.5413
3.3032
0.6747
0.0321
0.2448
0.1665
1.3047
21.2295


Line-13
3.2382
2.6316
0.7484
0.0391
0.2700
0.1842
0.3629
7.3024


Line-14
2.2454
0.8856
0.6593
0.0301
0.2417
0.1586
1.7407
13.1262





Table 91: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (line) under drought growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section













TABLE 92







Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet 


accessions under drought conditions














Line/Cor. 









ID
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

















Line-1
1.8708
22.3630
374.4
34
11418.4938
0.5038
2.8880


Line-2
2.6767
21.8851
127
41
1116.1782
0.7328
6.0868


Line-3
1.3254
16.5045
737.8
51
988.2113
0.7984
5.3252


Line-4
1.3341
13.3077
1100.8
41
1202.7733
0.6160
5.4020


Line-5
1.5008
13.9981
1047.2
41
13606.5106
0.7079
5.5700


Line-6
1.1661
9.1123
2050
30
995.1714
0.4700
5.2800


Line-7
1.6655
15.0971
581.5
38
946.8482
0.6075
5.1205


Line-8
2.1528
21.1335
311.6
30
1159.7839
0.3491
2.2884


Line-9
2.3622
20.0249
147.2
38
1391.3882
0.4366
5.8340


Line-10
2.3216
21.7995
95.4
NA
394.5104
0.6448
4.3164


Line-11
1.5449
20.7968
414.4
44
1199.5016
0.7484
5.6392


Line-12
1.5902
15.8491
667.8
51
872.4820
0.8724
5.1316


Line-13
1.2536
6.4468
2441
31
873.9356
0.5228
5.1264


Line-14
1.7376
9.1779
687.5
27
1187.9820
0.3605
2.3065





Table 92: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (line) under drought growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section













TABLE 93







Measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions for Maintenance of


performance under drought conditions














Line/Cor. 









ID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

















Line-1
107.28492
63.80296
101.14903
103.09389
100.71910
102.26639
89.85420


Line-2
97.44009
86.66199
100.63477
101.05865
101.13165
100.03126
121.19054


Line-3
99.89264
90.61080
101.03545
102.80522
100.39213
102.38873
76.40597


Line-4
97.29088
81.97765
100.28207
100.87451
100.43193
100.42313
83.95708


Line-5
95.73134
84.03025
100.56979
101.56544
100.17700
101.33417
83.22790


Line-6
99.52308
87.17613
99.36660
99.75367
99.50116
100.23080
70.03712


Line-7
101.38380
73.57305
100.86771
101.13885
101.03305
100.21823
77.37223


Line-8
102.16287
66.77138
99.64822
99.96068
99.16887
100.78369
111.74037


Line-9
94.53807
83.21661
99.83736
98.88644
100.70881
98.15907
86.38569


Line-10
102.69124
75.47131
101.82094
102.67156
102.00421
100.61236
57.78836


Line-11
97.60676
90.15405
98.93543
97.94887 
99.40096
98.50410 
68.36558


Line-12
97.81459
89.80968
97.98844
96.37703 
97.77776
98.54474
57.64576


Line-13
101.68636
89.51020
100.39095
101.18981
100.33465
100.85848
83.16443


Line-14
99.50250
59.88639 
99.19422
99.24780 
98.98318
100.25762
132.38018





Table 93: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (line) for maintenance of performance under drought (calculated as % of change under drought vs normal growth conditions). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section.













TABLE 94







Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions for


Maintenance of performance under drought conditions














Line/









Cor. ID
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

















Line-1
94.50182
98.17799
96.68963
87.55847
78.74402
71.70254
75.80848


Line-2
87.63360
98.29102
90.24976
85.12064
104.52251
85.76779
102.30604


Line-3
93.93199
99.87804
93.97174
85.09804
64.38181
82.89037
85.90141


Line-4
87.35732
98.42025
89.95839
91.42857
76.74662
66.68110
95.83452


Line-5
89.50996
97.94159
91.00586
91.34682
75.80281
78.32485
88.82439


Line-6
105.26046
98.75548
106.44273
96.15385
67.41849
98.01877
86.91644


Line-7
91.55461
98.97568
93.88055
77.30657
59.82989
66.27755
81.03596


Line-8
97.65054
101.33701
96.59358
79.04617
88.00374
77.03001
81.18348


Line-9
93.05666
94.53334
98.09741
78.88532
65.27431
73.53882
80.43346


Line-10
88.21016
95.66287
93.49773
72.38240
42.06192
64.63512
82.30493


Line-11
97.27140
99.48243
99.65504
95.43989
63.79603
81.97152
85.75426


Line-12
87.80382
100.35077
88.13167
103.31064
61.13590
84.96299
87.70167


Line-13
102.45818
100.81763
101.47055
87.24712
71.85533
83.88960
91.15220


Line-14
89.37679
95.46426
93.80683
69.12327
91.61620
77.76100
84.42533





Table 94: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (line) for maintenance of performance under drought (calculated as % of change under drought vs normal growth conditions). Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section













TABLE 95







Measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet accessions 


under normal conditions














Line/Cor.









ID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

















Line-1
2.45995
2.39550
0.67477
0.03230
0.23989
0.17157
3.39810


Line-2
3.41596
3.99160
0.71695
0.03689
0.24172
0.19428
7.28754


Line-3
2.61327
3.16960
0.68170
0.03255
0.24860
0.16670
1.74902


Line-4
2.35874
3.58000
0.68083
0.03161
0.25317
0.15900
1.30220


Line-5
2.40635
3.59680
0.68626
0.03213
0.25634
0.15968
1.57325


Line-6
2.65459
3.05680
0.69667
0.03353
0.25168
0.16966
0.69451


Line-7
2.18488
4.04360
0.64249
0.02941
0.23076
0.16223
2.10395


Line-8
1.79847
1.14600
0.57148
0.02386
0.19607
0.15493
3.34479


Line-9
2.68629
3.19840
0.66174
0.03201
0.22145
0.18410
11.46040


Line-10
1.64690
3.90400
0.58226
0.02458
0.19936
0.15712
7.16855


Line-11
3.17197
3.58320
0.72818
0.03729
0.26240
0.18093
4.35102


Line-12
2.59803
3.67800
0.68858
0.03326
0.25037
0.16901
2.26328


Line-13
3.18446
2.94000
0.74550
0.03864
0.26910
0.18267
0.43640


Line-14
2.25661
1.47880
0.66464
0.03032
0.24416
0.15822
1.31493





Table 95: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (line) under normal growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section













TABLE 96







Additional measured parameters of correlation IDs in foxtail millet 


accessions under normal conditions














Line/Cor.









ID
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

















Line-1
37.82752
1.90548
23.12861
427.60000
1449.62604
0.70263
3.80960


Line-2
57.87014
2.72325
24.24950
149.20000
1067.88312
0.85440
5.94960


Line-3
19.58832
1.32700
17.56325
867.00000
1534.92310
0.96320
6.19920


Line-4
17.09980
1.35550
14.79317
1204.00000
1567.20040
0.92380
5.63680


Line-5
19.75921
1.53239
15.38157
1146.40000
1794.80240
0.90380
6.27080


Line-6
9.41542
1.18075
8.56073
2132.00000
1476.11048
0.47950
6.07480


Line-7
22.92173
1.68275
16.08119
752.20000
1582.56728
0.91660
6.31880


Line-8
40.88973
2.12436
21.87883
394.20000
1317.88024
0.45320
2.81880


Line-9
45.29355
2.49875
20.41332
186.60000
2131.60156
0.59370
7.25320


Line-10
49.34091
2.42686
23.31557
131.80000
937.92760
0.99760
5.24440


Line-11
27.68630
1.55289
20.86882
434.20000
1880.21340
0.91300
6.57600


Line-12
24.17832
1.58464
17.98348
646.40000
1427.11884
1.02680
5.85120


Line-13
7.12724
1.24343
6.35334
2797.80000
1216.24320
0.62320
5.62400


Line-14
14.68632
1.82013
9.78380
994.60000
1296.69424
0.46360
2.73200





Table 96: Provided are the values of each of the parameters (as described above) measured in Foxtail millet accessions (line) under normal growth conditions. Growth conditions are specified in the experimental procedure section













TABLE 97







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments 


of the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under drought 


conditions across foxtail millet varieties
















Gene


Exp.
Cor.
Gene


Exp.
Cor.


Name
R
P value
set
Set ID
Name
R
P value
set
Set ID



















LNU801
0.761
1.05E−02
2
16
LNU801
0.789
6.66E−03
2
2


LNU801
0.735
1.55E−02
2
17
LNU802
0.846
3.37E−02
1
1


LNU802
0.817
4.71E−02
1
4
LNU802
0.817
4.72E−02
1
10


LNU802
0.750
8.58E−02
1
3
LNU802
0.795
5.87E−02
1
11


LNU802
0.785
6.42E−02
1
8
LNU802
0.870
2.42E−02
1
6


LNU802
0.854
3.03E−02
1
9
LNU803
0.824
4.40E−02
1
13


LNU804
0.736
9.50E−02
1
12
LNU804
0.711
1.13E−01
1
7


LNU805
0.795
5.97E−03
2
7
LNU806
0.797
5.77E−02
1
7


LNU806
0.756
1.14E−02
2
1
LNU806
0.816
3.96E−03
2
6


LNU807
0.760
7.96E−02
1
15
LNU807
0.865
2.60E−02
1
10


LNU807
0.792
6.05E−02
1
11
LNU807
0.857
2.91E−02
1
8


LNU807
0.873
2.30E−02
1
9
LNU807
0.739
1.47E−02
2
10


LNU807
0.803
5.12E−03
2
8
LNU807
0.737
1.50E−02
2
9


LNU808
0.828
3.12E−03
2
5
LNU809
0.703
1.19E−01
1
16


LNU809
0.721
1.06E−01
1
2
LNU809
0.709
2.16E−02
3
15


LNU810
0.713
2.07E−02
2
13
LNU810
0.705
2.28E−02
3
16


LNU810
0.703
2.33E−02
3
13





Table 97. Correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and


the phenotypic performance.


“Corr. ID”—correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters Table above.


“Exp. Set”—Expression set.


“R” = Pearson correlation coefficient;


“P” = p value.













TABLE 98







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some 


embodiments of the invention in various tissues and the 


phenotypic performance of maintenance of performance 


under drought conditions across foxtail millet varieties



















Exp.
Cor. Set
Gene


Exp.
Cor. Set


Gene Name
R
P value
set 
ID
Name
R
P value
set
ID



















LNU802 
0.736
1.53E−02
1
1
LNU802 
0.818 
3.82E−03 
1
16


LNU802 
0.711
2.11E−02
1
13
LNU804 
0.728 
2.62E−02 
3
1


LNU804 
0.701
3.55E−02
3
6
LNU804 
0.917 
7.23E−05 
2
1


LNU804 
0.883
3.20E−04
2
4
LNU804 
0.808 
2.61E−03 
2
3


LNU804 
0.863
6.21E−04
2
6
LNU807 
0.712 
1.40E−02 
2
11


LNU810 
0.761
1.06E−02
1
16 
LNU810 
0.706 
2.25E−02 
1
13


LNU802 
0.736
1.53E−02
1
1
LNU802 
0.818 
3.82E−03 
1
16


LNU802 
0.711
2.11E−02
1
13 
LNU804
0.728 
2.62E−02 
3
1


LNU804 
0.701
3.55E−02
3
6
LNU804 
0.917 
7.23E−05 
2
1


LNU804 
0.883
3.20E−04
2
4
LNU804 
0.808 
2.61E−03 
2
3


LNU804 
0.863
6.21E−04
2
6
LNU807 
0.712 
1.40E−02 
2
11


LNU810 
0.761
1.06E−02
1
16 
LNU810
0.706 
2.25E−02 
1
13





Table 98. Correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance.


“Corr. ID ”—correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters Table above.


“Exp. Set”—Expression set.


“R” = Pearson correlation coefficient;


“P” = p value.













TABLE 99







Correlation between the expression level of selected genes of some embodiments of 


the invention in various tissues and the phenotypic performance under normal 


conditions across foxtail millet varieties




















Cor.







Gene


Exp.
Set
Gene


Exp.
Cor.


Name
R
P value
set
ID
Name
R
P value
set 
Set ID



















LNU801
0.752
1.22E−02 
2
15
LNU802 
0.711
1.42E−02
1
16


LNU802
0.740
9.19E−03 
1
13
LNU803
0.704
2.30E−02
2
12


LNU804
0.703
1.59E−02 
1
5
LNU804 
0.748
8.11E−03 
1
4


LNU804
0.779
4.76E−03 
1
3
LNU805 
0.748
1.29E−02
2
12


LNU806
0.814
4.13E−03 
2
11
LNU807
0.765
6.06E−03
1
16


LNU807
0.713
1.38E−02 
1
2
LNU809 
0.786
4.09E−03 
1
12


LNU809
0.811
4.42E−03 
2
17
LNU801 
0.703
5.17E−02
3
1


LNU801
0.783
7.38E−03 
2
8
LNU801 
0.823
1.21E−02 
3
6


LNU801
0.759
2.90E−02 
3
17
LNU801 
0.744
9.00E−02
1
11


LNU801
0.832
4.00E−02
1
10
LNU801
0.810
5.07E−02 
1
9


LNU801
0.787
6.31E−02 
1
6
LNU802 
0.756
1.13E−02 
2
13


LNU802
0.764
1.01E−02 
2
14
LNU802
0.904
2.09E−03
3
4


LNU802
0.878
4.14E−03 
3
1
LNU802 
0.817
4.70E−02
1
1


LNU802
0.844
8.46E−03 
3
3
LNU802 
0.764
7.68E−02
1
11


LNU802
0.890
1.75E−02 
1
10
LNU802 
0.863
2.68E−02
1
9


LNU802
0.866
2.57E−02 
1
6
LNU803 
0.833
3.94E−02 
1
15


LNU803
0.800
1.72E−02
3
15
LNU804 
0.886
1.88E−02
1
11


LNU804
0.837
3.77E−02
1
10
LNU804
0.834
3.91E−02
1
6


LNU804
0.717
1.09E−01
1
8
LNU805
0.774
8.66E−03
2
5


LNU804
0.844
3.47E−02
1
9
LNU805
0.828
4.18E−02
1
10


LNU805
0.722
1.83E−02
2
7
LNU805
0.778
6.84E−02
1
6


LNU805
0.938
5.71E−03
1
8
LNU806
0.838
2.47E−03
2
8


LNU805
0.726
1.03E−01
1
9
LNU806
0.733
1.60E−02
2
9


LNU806
0.793
6.19E−03
2
6
LNU806
0.715
4.63E−02
3
11


LNU806
0.700
5.30E−02
3
15
LNU806
0.741
9.19E−02
1
4


LNU806
0.818
4.65E−02
1
1
LNU806
0.985
3.40E−04
1
11


LNU806
0.854
3.02E−02
1
10
LNU806
0.936
5.93E−03
1
9


LNU806
0.902
1.40E−02
1
6
LNU807
0.765
9.98E−03
2
8


LNU807
0.766
9.71E−03
2
10
LNU807
0.823
1.20E−02
3
12


LNU807
0.806
4.89E−03
2
9
LNU807
0.816
4.77E−02
1
10


LNU807
0.750
8.57E−02
1
1
LNU807
0.810
5.07E−02
1
6


LNU807
0.709
1.14E−01
1
11
LNU808
0.725
4.19E−02
3
4


LNU807
0.803
5.44E−02
1
9
LNU808
0.871
4.83E−03
3
12


LNU808
0.766
2.65E−02
3
3
LNU808
0.955
3.05E−03
1
10


LNU808
0.716
1.09E−01
1
1
LNU808
0.902
1.38E−02
1
6


LNU808
0.867
2.53E−02
1
8
LNU809
0.706
2.25E−02
2
2


LNU808
0.881
2.06E−02
1
9
LNU809
0.823
1.21E−02
3
10


LNU809
0.828
1.11E−02
3
15
LNU809
0.930
8.08E−04
3
8


LNU809
0.856
6.71E−03
3
11
LNU809
0.885
1.91E−02
1
16


LNU809
0.981
1.74E−05
3
9
LNU809
0.770
7.31E−02
1
13


LNU809
0.872
2.37E−02
1
5
LNU810
0.722
1.85E−02
2
16


LNU809
0.792
6.03E−02
1
12
LNU810
0.724
4.22E−02
3
16


LNU810
0.785
7.20E−03
2
13
LNU810
0.707
1.16E−01
1
13


LNU810
0.722
4.31E−02
3
14
LNU810
0.792
6.04E−02
1
12





Table 99. Correlations (R) between the genes expression levels in various tissues and the phenotypic performance.


“Corr. ID”—correlation set ID according to the correlated parameters Table above.


“Exp. Set”—Expression set.


“R” = Pearson correlation coefficient;


“P” = p value.






Example 12
Gene Cloning and Generation of Binary Vectors for Plant Expression
To validate their role in improving yield, selected genes were over-expressed in plants, as follows.
Cloning Strategy
Selected genes from those presented in Examples 1-13 hereinabove were cloned into binary vectors for the generation of transgenic plants. For cloning, the full-length open reading frames (ORFs) were identified. EST clusters and in some cases mRNA sequences were analyzed to identify the entire open reading frame by comparing the results of several translation algorithms to known proteins from other plant species.
In order to clone the full-length cDNAs, reverse transcription (RT) followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR; RT-PCR) was performed on total RNA extracted from leaves, roots or other plant tissues, growing under normal/limiting or stress conditions. Total RNA extraction, production of cDNA and PCR amplification was performed using standard protocols described elsewhere (Sambrook J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Molecular Cloning. A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York.) which are well known to those skilled in the art. PCR products were purified using PCR purification kit (Qiagen).
Usually, 2 sets of primers were prepared for the amplification of each gene, via nested PCR (if required). Both sets of primers were used for amplification on a cDNA. In case no product was obtained, a nested PCR reaction was performed. Nested PCR was performed by amplification of the gene using external primers and then using the produced PCR product as a template for a second PCR reaction, where the internal set of primers were used. Alternatively, one or two of the internal primers were used for gene amplification, both in the first and the second PCR reactions (meaning only 2-3 primers are designed for a gene). To facilitate further cloning of the cDNAs, an 8-12 base pairs (bp) extension was added to the 5′ of each internal primer. The primer extension includes an endonuclease restriction site. The restriction sites were selected using two parameters: (a) the restriction site does not exist in the cDNA sequence; and (b) the restriction sites in the forward and reverse primers were designed such that the digested cDNA was inserted in the sense direction into the binary vector utilized for transformation.
PCR products were digested with the restriction endonucleases (New England BioLabs Inc) according to the sites designed in the primers. Each digested/undigested PCR product was inserted into a high copy vector pUC19 (New England BioLabs Inc], or into plasmids originating from this vector. In some cases the undigested PCR product was inserted into pCR-Blunt II-TOPO (Invitrogen) or into pJET1.2 (CloneJET PCR Cloning Kit, Thermo Scientific) or directly into the binary vector. The digested/undigested products and the linearized plasmid vector were ligated using T4 DNA ligase enzyme (Roche, Switzerland or other manufacturers). In cases where pCR-Blunt II-TOPO is used no T4 ligase is needed.
Sequencing of the inserted genes was performed, using the ABI 377 sequencer (Applied Biosystems). In some cases, after confirming the sequences of the cloned genes, the cloned cDNA was introduced into a modified pGI binary vector containing the At6669 promoter (e.g., pQFNc) and the NOS terminator (SEQ ID NO: 4891) via digestion with appropriate restriction endonucleases.
In case of Brachypodium transformation, after confirming the sequences of the cloned genes, the cloned cDNAs were introduced into pEBbVNi (FIG. 9A) containing 35S promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4892) and the NOS terminator (SEQ ID NO:4891) via digestion with appropriate restriction endonucleases. The genes were cloned downstream to the 35S promoter and upstream to the NOS terminator.
Several DNA sequences of the selected genes were synthesized by GeneArt (Life Technologies, Grand Island, N.Y., USA). Synthetic DNA was designed in silico. Suitable restriction enzymes sites were added to the cloned sequences at the 5′ end and at the 3′ end to enable later cloning into the desired binary vector.
Binary vectors—
The pPI plasmid vector was constructed by inserting a synthetic poly-(A) signal sequence, originating from pGL3 basic plasmid vector (Promega, GenBank Accession No. U47295; nucleotides 4658-4811) into the HindIII restriction site of the binary vector pBI101.3 (Clontech, GenBank Accession No. U12640). pGI is similar to pPI, but the original gene in the backbone is GUS-Intron and not GUS.
The modified pGI vector (e.g., pQFN, pQFNc, pQYN_6669, pQNa_RP, pQFYN or pQXNc) is a modified version of the pGI vector in which the cassette is inverted between the left and right borders so the gene and its corresponding promoter are close to the right border and the NPTII gene is close to the left border.
At6669, the new Arabidopsis thaliana promoter sequence (SEQ ID NO:4880) was inserted in the modified pGI binary vector, upstream to the cloned genes, followed by DNA ligation and binary plasmid extraction from positive E. coli colonies, as described above. Colonies were analyzed by PCR using the primers covering the insert which were designed to span the introduced promoter and gene. Positive plasmids were identified, isolated and sequenced.
pEBbVNi (FIG. 9A) is a modified version of pJJ2LB in which the Hygromycin resistance gene was replaced with the BAR gene which confers resistance to the BASTA herbicide [BAR gene coding sequence is provided in GenBank Accession No. JQ293091.1 (SEQ ID NO:5436); further description is provided in Akama K, et al. “Efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana using the bar gene as selectable marker”, Plant Cell Rep. 1995, 14(7):450-4; Christiansen P, et al. “A rapid and efficient transformation protocol for the grass Brachypodium distachyon”, Plant Cell Rep. 2005 March; 23(10-11):751-8. Epub 2004 Oct. 19; and P{hacek over (a)}curar D I, et al. “A high-throughput Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for the grass model species Brachypodium distachyon L”, Transgenic Res. 2008 17(5):965-75; each of which is fully incorporated herein by reference in its entirety]. The pEBbVNi construct contains the 35S promoter (SEQ ID NO:4892). pJJ2LB is a modified version of pCambia0305.2 (Cambia).
In case genomic DNA was cloned, the genes were amplified by direct PCR on genomic DNA extracted from leaf tissue using the DNAeasy kit (Qiagen Cat. No. 69104).
Selected genes cloned by the present inventors are provided in Table 100 below.












TABLE 100









Polynucleotide SEQ ID 
Polypeptide SEQ ID


Gene Name
High copy plasmid
Organism
Primers used SEQ ID NOs:
NO:
NO:




















LNU749
pQFNc_LNU749
barley
5383, 4897, 5412, 4906
289
747


LNU750
pQFNc_LNU750
barley
5182, 5357, 5182, 5245
2
497


LNU751
pQFNc_LNU751
barley
5096, 5214, 5073, 5362
290
498


LNU752
pUC19c_LNU752
barley
5087, 5232, 5087, 5232
291
748


LNU753
pQFNc_LNU753
barley
5416, 4974, 5416, 4972
292
500


LNU754
pQFNc_LNU754
barley
5067, 5338, 5067, 5338
293
501


LNU756
pQFNc_LNU756
barley
5019, 5321, 5164, 5326
294
502


LNU757
pQFNc_LNU757
barley
5088, 5273, 5137, 5257
295
503


LNU758
pMA-RQ_LNU758_GA


296
504


LNU759
pQFNc_LNU759
barley
5392, 4949, 5402, 4976
297
505


LNU760_H1
pQFNc_LNU760_H1
brachypodium
5043, 5359, 5043, 5359
491
708


LNU761
pUC19c_LNU761
barley
5373, 4954, 5373, 4962
298
507


LNU762
pQFNc_LNU762
barley
5371, 4898, 5391, 4912
299
508


LNU763
pQFNc_LNU763
barley
5149, 5349, 5026, 5228
300
509


LNU764
pUC19c_LNU764
barley
5396, 4899, 5396, 4913
301
510


LNU766
pUC19c_LNU766
barley
5125, 4965, 5125, 4965
302
749


LNU767
pMA_LNU767_GA


303
512


LNU768
pQFNc_LNU768
barley
5146, 5345, 5146, 5332
304
513


LNU769
pUC19c_LNU769
barley
4929, 4987, 4929, 4989
305
750


LNU770
pQFNc_LNU770
barley
5201, 5316, 5061, 5240
306
515


LNU771
pQFNc_LNU771
barley
5175, 5242, 5175, 5242
307
516


LNU772
TopoB_LNU772
barley
5107, 5351, 5107, 5285
308
517


LNU773
TopoB_LNU773
barley
5165, 4960, 5165, 4960
309
751


LNU774
pQFNc_LNU774
barley
4928, 4943, 4928, 4943
310
519


LNU775
pQFNc_LNU775
barley
5389, 5183, 5389, 5183
311
520


LNU776
pUC19_LNU776
barley
5075, 5266, 5085, 5266
312
752


LNU777
pQFNc_LNU777
barley
5174, 5205, 5174, 5205
313
522


LNU778
pMK-RQ_LNU778_GA


314
523


LNU779
pQFNc_LNU779
barley
5428, 4902, 5403, 4895
315
524


LNU780
pQFNc_1NU780
barley
5098, 5354, 5098, 5354
316
753


LNU781
pMA-RQ_LNU781_GA


317
526


LNU782
pQFNc_LNU782
barley
5415, 4996, 5415, 4996
318
527


LNU783
pQFNc_LNU783
barley
5103, 5212, 5160, 5238
319
528


LNU784
pQFNc_LNU784
barley
5143, 5243, 5143, 5243
320
754


LNU785
TopoB_LNU785
barley
5111, 5246, 5056, 5282
321
530


LNU786
TopoB_LNU786
barley
5082, 5010, 5082, 5000
322
755


LNU787
pMA-RQ_LNU787_GA


323
532


LNU788
pQFNc_LNU788
brachypodium
5184, 5310, 5153, 5227
324
756


LNU789
pQFNc_LNU789
brachypodium
5409, 5001, 5414, 5013
325
534


LNU790
pQFNc_LNU790
brachypodium
5101, 5237, 5101, 5237
326
535


LNU791
pQFNc_LNU791
brachypodium
5080, 5203, 5080, 5203
327
536


LNU792
pQFNc_LNU792
brachypodium
5055, 5003, 5018, 5006
328
537


LNU793
pUC19c_LNU793
brachypodium
5144, 5253, 5023, 5343
329
538


LNU794
pMA-T_LNU794_GA


330
539


LNU795
pQFNc_LNU795
brachypodium
5119, 5234, 5119, 5234
331
757


LNU796
pQFNc_LNU796
brachypodium
5400, 4971, 5400, 4971
332
541


LNU797
pQFNc_LNU797
brachypodium
5148, 5358, 5123, 5287
333
542


LNU798
pMA-RQ_LNU798_GA


334
543


LNU799
pQFNc_LNU799
Brachypodiums
5390, 5028, 5390, 5028
335
544




distachyon ND





LNU800
pQFNc_LNU800
brachypodium
5063, 5337, 5069, 5236
336
545


LNU801
pUC19d_LNU801
foxtail_millet
5002, 4923, 5002, 4930
337
546


LNU802
pUC19c_LNU802
foxtail_millet
5186, 5344, 5186, 5262
338
547


LNU803
pQFNc_LNU803
foxtail_millet
5092, 5218, 5052, 5356
339
548


LNU804
pUC19c_LNU804
foxtail_millet
5062, 5215, 5131, 5292
340
758


LNU805
pQFNc_LNU805
foxtail_millet
5395, 4893, 5431, 4900
341
550


LNU806
pQFNc_LNU806
foxtail_millet
5401, 4940, 5376, 4975
342
759


LNU807
pUC19c_LNU807
foxtail_millet
4926, 4907, 4927, 4911
343
552


LNU808
pQFNc_LNU808
foxtail_millet
5124, 5366, 5099, 5221
344
553


LNU809
pQFNc_LNU809
foxtail_millet
5033, 5275, 5033, 5275
345
760


LNU811
pUC19c_LNU811
maize
5021, 5259, 5021, 5259
346
556


LNU813
pQFNc_LNU813
maize
5387, 4968, 5387, 4968
347
557


LNU814
pMA-RQ_LNU814_GA


348
558


LNU815
pQFNc_LNU815
maize
5115, 5334, 5158, 5335
349
559


LNU816
pUC19c_LNU816
maize
4916, 4937, 4918, 4932
350
761


LNU817
pQFNc_LNU817
maize
5135, 5244, 5135, 5244
351
762


LNU818
TopoB_LNU818
maize
5369, 5077, 5372, 5138
352
763


LNU819
pQFNc_LNU819
maize
5038, 5283, 5038, 5283
353
563


LNU820
pQFNc_LNU820
maize
5150, 5249, 5150, 5249
354
564


LNU821
TopoB_LNU821
maize
5393, 5104, 5393, 5104
355
764


LNU822
pMA-T_LNU822_GA


356
566


LNU823
pQFNc_LNU823
maize
5042, 5339, 5095, 5225
357
567


LNU824
pQFNc_LNU824
maize
5051, 5361, 5051, 5361
358
765


LNU825
pQFNc_LNU825
maize
5079, 5324, 5079, 5324
359
766


LNU828
pQFNc_LNU828
maize
5426, 4981, 5426, 4981
360
570


LNU829
pQFNc_LNU829
maize
5024, 5217, 5059, 5220
361
767


LNU830
TopoB_LNU830
maize
5004, 4985, 5004, 4985
362
572


LNU831
pQFNc_LNU831
maize
5118, 5226, 5142, 5224
363
768


LNU832_H2
pQFNc_LNU832_H2
sorghum
5418, 5083, 5418, 5083
492
709


LNU833
pUC19c_LNU833
maize
5110, 5250, 5025, 5223
364
769


LNU834_H1
pMA-


493
710



RQ_LNU834_H1_GA






LNU835
pUC19c_LNU835
maize
5384, 5189, 5394, 5199
365
577


LNU837
TopoB_LNU837
maize
5040, 5260, 5040, 5260
366
770


LNU838
pQFNc_LNU838
maize
5434, 4956, 5434, 4956
367
579


LNU839
pQFNc_LNU839
maize
4931, 4966, 4931, 4966
368
580


LNU840
pQFNc_LNU840
maize
5020, 5261, 5020, 5308
369
581


LNU841
pQFNc_LNU841
maize
5197, 5435
370
582


LNU843
pUC19_LNU843
maize
5022, 5009, 5022, 5005
371
583


LNU844
pQFNc_LNU844
maize
4933, 4958, 4936, 4991
372
584


LNU845
TopoB_LNU845
maize
5375, 4986, 5413, 4994
373
771


LNU846
pUC19c_LNU846
maize
5058, 5286, 5162, 5269
374
586


LNU847
pUC19c_LNU847
medicago
5430, 4905, 5419, 4910
375
772


LNU848
pQFNc_LNU848
rice
5060, 5268, 5035, 5314
376
588


LNU849
pMA_LNU849_GA


377
589


LNU850
pMA_LNU850_GA


378
590


LNU851
pMA-RQ_LNU851_GA


379
591


LNU852
pMK-RQ_LNU852_GA


380
592


LNU853
TopoB_LNU853
rice
4983, 4909, 4983, 4909
381
593


LNU854
pUC19c_LNU854
rice
4935, 4973, 4938, 4979
382
594


LNU856
pUC19c_LNU856
sorghum
5198, 5241, 5198, 5241
383
595


LNU857
pQFNc_LNU857
sorghum
5070, 5350, 5070, 5208
384
773


LNU858
pUC19_LNU858
sorghum
5427, 4964, 5427, 4964
385
774


LNU859
TopoB_LNU859
sorghum
5417, 4999, 5417, 4999
495



LNU861_H3
pMA_LNU861_H3_GA


494
711


LNU862
TopoB_LNU862
sorghum
5422, 4957, 5406, 4970
386
599


LNU864
pQFNc_LNU864
sorghum
5140, 5336, 5017, 5309
387
600


LNU865
pUC19c_LNU865
sorghum
5181, 5346, 5181, 5346
388
601


LNU866
pQFNc_LNU866
sorghum
5151, 5307, 5185, 5363
389
775


LNU867
pUC19c_LNU867
sorghum
5045, 5353, 5045, 5353
390
603


LNU868
pQFNc_LNU868
sorghum
5084, 5333, 5159, 5291
391
604


LNU869
pQFNc_LNU869
sorghum
5170, 5272, 5170, 5289
392
605


LNU870
pUC19c_LNU870
sorghum
5108, 5322, 5132, 5204
393
606


LNU871
pUC19c_LNU871
sorghum
5404, 4955, 5404, 4955
394
607


LNU872
pQFNc_LNU872
sorghum
5177, 5248, 5048, 5231
395
608


LNU873
pUC19_LNU873
sorghum
4934, 4967, 4934, 4967
396
609


LNU874
TopoB_LNU874
sorghum
5027, 5012, 5027, 5007
397
610


LNU875
pUC19c_LNU875
sorghum
5423, 4945, 5386, 4995
398
611


LNU876
TopoB_LNU876
sorghum
5178, 5263, 5136, 5213
399
612


LNU878
pQFNc_LNU878
sorghum
5432, 5166, 5432, 5166
400
613


LNU879
pQFNc_LNU879
sorghum
5112, 5288, 5112, 5288
401
614


LNU880
pUC19c_LNU880
sorghum
5109, 5303, 5157, 5296
402
615


LNU881
pUC19c_LNU881
sorghum
4915, 5105, 4917, 5106
403
616


LNU882
pUC19c_LNU882
sorghum
4978, 4896, 4977, 4904
404
617


LNU884
pMA-RQ_LNU884_GA


405
619


LNU885
pMA_LNU885_GA


406
620


LNU886
pQFNc_LNU886
sorghum
5011, 4939, 5008, 4925
407
776


LNU887
TopoB_LNU887
sorghum
4924, 4982, 4924, 4982
408
622


LNU888
pQFNc_LNU888
sorghum
5081, 5278, 5081, 5278
409
623


LNU889
pUC19c_LNU889
sorghum
5411, 4961, 5411, 4961
410
624


LNU890
pUC19c_LNU890
sorghum
5076, 5211, 5076, 5211
411
625


LNU892
pMA-RQ_LNU892_GA


412
626


LNU893
pQFNc_LNU893
sorghum
5036, 5277, 5030, 5277
413
627


LNU894
pUC19c_LNU894
sorghum
5155, 5219, 5155, 5313
414
628


LNU895
pQFNc_LNU895
sorghum
5398, 5071, 5398, 5169
415
629


LNU896
pUC19_LNU896
sorghum
5130, 5206, 5133, 5300
416
630


LNU897
pQFNc_LNU897
sorghum
5037, 5210, 5032, 5229
417
777


LNU898
pUC19_LNU898
sorghum
5176, 4950, 5128, 4992
418
778


LNU899
pUC19_LNU899
sorghum
5195, 5348, 5113, 5355
419
633


LNU900
pQFNc_LNU900
sorghum
5086, 5270, 5086, 5270
420
779


LNU901
TopoB_LNU901
sorghum
5163, 5280
421
780


LNU902
pQFNc_LNU902
sorghum
5129, 5311, 5167, 5264
422
636


LNU903
pMK-RQ_LNU903_GA


423
637


LNU904
pUC19c_LNU904
sorghum
5368, 5057, 5421, 5188
424
781


LNU905
pUC19c_LNU905
sorghum
5029, 5235, 5091, 5319
425
639


LNU906
pQFNc_LNU906
sorghum
5154, 5325, 5050, 5274
426
782


LNU907
pQFNc_LNU907
sorghum
5377, 5360, 5377, 5360
427
783


LNU908
pQFNc_LNU908
sorghum
5397, 5065, 5382, 5041
428
642


LNU909
pUC19c_LNU909
sorghum
5424, 4998, 5407, 4941
429
784


LNU910
pQFNc_LNU910
sorghum
5200, 5279, 5200, 5279
430
644


LNU911
pUC19_LNU911
sorghum
5090, 5202, 5194, 5230
431
785


LNU912
pQFNc_LNU912
sorghum
5187, 5327, 5074, 5299
432
646


LNU913
pUC19_LNU913
sorghum
5156, 5015, 5196, 5014
433
647


LNU914
TopoB_LNU914
sorghum
4914, 4919, 4920, 4921
434
648


LNU915
pUC19c_LNU915
sorghum
5134, 5239, 5134, 5239
435
649


LNU916
TopoB_LNU916
sorghum
5180, 5276, 5190, 5290
436
650


LNU917
pQFNc_LNU917
sorghum
5168, 5347, 5121, 5233
437
651


LNU918
pUC19c_LNU918
sorghum
5381, 4980, 5381, 4980
438
652


LNU919
pMA_LNU919_GA


439
653


LNU920
pMA-RQ_LNU920_GA


440
654


LNU921
pQFNc_LNU921
sorghum
5094, 5222, 5193, 5256
441
655


LNU922
pMA-T_LNU922_GA


442
656


LNU923
pQFNc_LNU923
sorghum
5173, 5293, 5173, 5293
443
657


LNU924
pQFNc_LNU924
sorghum
5049, 5365
444
658


LNU925
pUC19c_LNU925
sorghum
5410, 5097, 5405, 5066
445
659


LNU926
pQFNc_LNU926
sorghum
5145, 5301, 5145, 5320
446
660


LNU928
pUC19c_LNU928
sorghum
5114, 5252, 5141, 5329
447
661


LNU930
pUC19c_LNU930
sorghum
5039, 5251, 5089, 5209
448
786


LNU931
pMA_LNU931_GA


449
664


LNU932
TopoB_LNU932
sorghum
5117, 5255, 5117, 5255
450
787


LNU933
pQFNc_LNU933
sorghum
5379, 5046, 5433, 5191
451
666


LNU934
pOA_LNU934_GA


452
667


LNU935
pQFNc_LNU935
sorghum
5152, 5267, 5152, 5267
453
788


LNU936
pMA-RQ_LNU936_GA


454
669


LNU938
pQFNc_LNU938
sorghum
5072, 5284, 5047, 5265
455
789


LNU940
pQFNc_LNU940
sorghum
5161, 5254, 5161, 5254
456
672


LNU941
pQFNc_LNU941
sorghum
5031, 5323, 5031, 5323
457
673


LNU942
pQFNc_LNU942
sorghum
5054, 5258
458
674


LNU943
pQFNc_LNU943
sorghum
5388, 4948, 5385, 4944
459
675


LNU944
pUC19_LNU944
sorghum
5100, 5294, 5100, 5342
460
676


LNU945
pMA-RQ_LNU945_GA


461
677


LNU946
pUC19_LNU946
sorghum
4984, 4908, 4959, 4901
462
678


LNU947
pQFNc_LNU947
sorghum
5370, 4946, 5370, 4946
463
679


LNU948
pUC19c_LNU948
sorghum
5120, 5306, 5127, 5216
464
680


LNU949
pMA-RQ_LNU949_GA


465
681


LNU950
pUC19c_LNU950
sorghum
5116, 5312, 5116, 5312
466
682


LNU951
pQFNc_LNU951
sorghum
4922, 4951, 4922, 4951
467
790


LNU952
pUC19c_LNU952
sorghum
5380, 4997, 5378, 4947
468
684


LNU953
pUC19c_LNU953
sorghum
5078, 5247, 5078, 5207
469
685


LNU954
pQFNc_LNU954
sorghum
5139, 5340, 5044, 5298
470
791


LNU955
pMA_LNU955_GA


471
687


LNU956
pQFNc_LNU956
sorghum
5429, 4993, 5425, 4952
472
792


LNU957
pMK-RQ_LNU957_GA


473
689


LNU958
pQFNc_LNU958
sorghum
5122, 5295, 5122, 5295
474
690


LNU959
pUC19c_LNU959
sorghum
5172, 5297
475
691


LNU960
pUC19_LNU960
sorghum
5147, 5304, 5034, 5331
476
692


LNU961
pOA_LNU961_GA


477
693


LNU962
pUC19_LNU962
sorghum
4988, 4894, 4990, 4903
478
694


LNU963
pUC19c_LNU963
sorghum
5420, 4942, 5408, 4963
479
695


LNU964
pMA-RQ_LNU964_GA


480
696


LNU965
pQFNc_LNU965
sorghum
5102, 5302
481
697


LNU966
TopoB_LNU966
sorghum
5068, 5328, 5192, 5330
482
698


LNU967
pUC19_LNU967
sorghum
5399, 4953, 5374, 4969
483
699


LNU968
pQFNc_LNU968
sorghum
5093, 5315
484
793


LNU970
pMA-T_LNU970_GA


485
702


LNU971
pMA-T_LNU971_GA


486
703


LNU972
TopoB_LNU972
tomato
5171, 5305, 5126, 5318
487
704


LNU975
pQFNc_LNU975
tomato
5064, 5367, 5016, 5271
488
705


LNU976
pQFNc_LNU976
wheat
5053, 5341, 5179, 5352
489
706


LNU977
pQFNc_LNU977
wheat
5281, 5364, 5281, 5317
490
794





Table 100. Provided are the names of the cloned genes, the high copy plasmids, the organism from which the gene was cloned, the primers used for cloning, and the sequence identifiers of the polynucleotides and polypeptides of the cloned genes.






Example 13
Transforming Agrobacterium tumefaciens Cells with Binary Vectors Harboring the Polynucleotides of the Invention
The above described binary vectors were used to transform Agrobacterium cells. Two additional binary constructs, having only the At6669 or the 35S promoter, or no additional promoter were used as negative controls.
The binary vectors were introduced to Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV301 or LB4404 (for Arabidopsis) or to AGL1 (for Brachypodium) competent cells (about 109 cells/mL) by electroporation. The electroporation was performed using a MicroPulser electroporator (Biorad), 0.2 cm cuvettes (Biorad) and EC-2 electroporation program (Biorad). The treated cells were cultured in LB liquid medium at 28° C. for 3 hours, then plated over LB agar supplemented with gentamycin (for Arabidopsis; 50 mg/L; for Agrobacterium strains GV301) or streptomycin (for Arabidopsis; 300 mg/L; for Agrobacterium strain LB4404); or with Carbenicillin (for Brachypodium; 50 mg/L) and kanamycin (for Arabidopsis and Brachypodium; 50 mg/L) at 28° C. for 48 hours. Agrobacterium colonies, which were developed on the selective media, were further analyzed by PCR using the primers designed to span the inserted sequence in the pPI plasmid. The resulting PCR products were isolated and sequenced to verify that the correct polynucleotide sequences of the invention are properly introduced to the Agrobacterium cells.
Example 14
Transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana Plants with the Polynucleotides of the Invention
Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia plants (T0 plants) were transformed using the Floral Dip procedure described by Clough and Bent, 1998 (Floral dip: a simplified method for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 16:735-43) and by Desfeux et al., 2000 (Female Reproductive Tissues Are the Primary Target of Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation by the Arabidopsis Floral-Dip Method. Plant Physiol, July 2000, Vol. 123, pp. 895-904), with minor modifications. Briefly, T0 Plants were sown in 250 ml pots filled with wet peat-based growth mix. The pots were covered with aluminum foil and a plastic dome, kept at 4° C. for 3-4 days, then uncovered and incubated in a growth chamber at 18-24° C. under 16/8 hour light/dark cycles. The T0 plants were ready for transformation six days before anthesis.
Single colonies of Agrobacterium carrying the binary constructs were generated as described in Examples 12-13 above. Colonies were cultured in LB medium supplemented with kanamycin (50 mg/L) and gentamycin (50 mg/L). The cultures were incubated at 28° C. for 48 hours under vigorous shaking and then centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 5 minutes. The pellets comprising the Agrobacterium cells were re-suspended in a transformation medium containing half-strength (2.15 g/L) Murashige-Skoog (Duchefa); 0.044 μM benzylamino purine (Sigma); 112 μg/L B5 Gambourg vitamins (Sigma); 5% sucrose; and 0.2 ml/L Silwet L-77 (OSI Specialists, CT) in double-distilled water, at pH of 5.7.
Transformation of T0 plants was performed by inverting each plant into an Agrobacterium suspension, such that the above ground plant tissue was submerged for 3-5 seconds. Each inoculated T0 plant was immediately placed in a plastic tray, then covered with clear plastic dome to maintain humidity and is kept in the dark at room temperature for 18 hours, to facilitate infection and transformation. Transformed (transgenic) plants were then uncovered and transferred to a greenhouse for recovery and maturation. The transgenic T0 plants were grown in the greenhouse for 3-5 weeks until siliques were brown and dry. Seeds were harvested from plants and kept at room temperature until sowing.
For generating T1 and T2 transgenic plants harboring the genes, seeds collected from transgenic T0 plants were surface-sterilized by soaking in 70% ethanol for 1 minute, followed by soaking in 5% sodium hypochloride and 0.05% triton for 5 minutes. The surface-sterilized seeds were thoroughly washed in sterile distilled water then placed on culture plates containing half-strength Murashige-Skoog (Duchefa); 2% sucrose; 0.8% plant agar; 50 mM kanamycin; and 200 mM carbenicylin (Duchefa). The culture plates were incubated at 4° C. for 48 hours, then transferred to a growth room at 25° C. for an additional week of incubation. Vital T1 Arabidopsis plants were transferred to fresh culture plates for another week of incubation. Following incubation the T1 plants were removed from culture plates and planted in growth mix contained in 250 ml pots. The transgenic plants were allowed to grow in a greenhouse to maturity. Seeds harvested from T1 plants were cultured and grown to maturity as T2 plants under the same conditions as used for culturing and growing the T1 plants.
Example 15
Transformation of Brachypodium distachyon Plants with the Polynucleotides of the Invention
Similar to the Arabidopsis model plant, Brachypodium distachyon has several features that recommend it as a model plant for functional genomic studies, especially in the grasses. Traits that make it an ideal model include its small genome ( ̃160 Mbp for a diploid genome and 355 Mbp for a polyploidy genome), small physical stature, a short lifecycle, and few growth requirements. Brachypodium is related to the major cereal grain species but it is understood to be more closely related to the Triticeae (wheat, barley) than to the other cereals. Brachypodium, with its polyploidy accessions, can serve as an ideal model for these grains (whose genomics size and complexity is a major barrier to biotechnological improvement).
Brachypodium distachyon embryogenic calli were transformed using the procedure described by Vogel and Hill (2008) [High-efficiency Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Brachypodium distachyon inbred line Bd21-3. Plant Cell Rep 27:471-478], Vain et al (2008) [Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the temperate grass Brachypodium distachyon (genotypeBd21) for T-DNA insertional mutagenesis. Plant Biotechnology J 6: 236-245], and Vogel J, et al. (2006) [Agrobacterium mediated transformation and inbred line development in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon. Plant Cell Tiss Org. Cult. 85:199-211], each of which is fully incorporated herein by reference, with some minor modifications, which are briefly summarized hereinbelow.
Callus initiation—Immature spikes (about 2 months after seeding) were harvested at the very beginning of seeds filling. Spikes were then husked and surface sterilized with 3% NaClO containing 0.1% Tween 20, shaked on a gyratory shaker at low speed for 20 minutes. Following three rinses with sterile distilled water, embryos were excised under a dissecting microscope in a laminar flow hood using fine forceps.
Excised embryos (size  ̃0.3 mm, bell shaped) were placed on callus induction medium (CIM) [LS salts (Linsmaier, E. M. & Skoog, F. 1965. Physiol. Plantarum 18, 100) and vitamins plus 3% sucrose, 6 mg/L CuSO4, 2.5 mg/l 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, pH 5.8 and 0.25% phytagel (Sigma)] scutellar side down, 100 embryos on a plate, and incubated at 28° C. in the dark. One week later, the embryonic calli was cleaned from emerging roots, shoots and somatic calli, and was subcultured onto fresh CIM medium. During culture, yellowish embryogenic callus (EC) appeared and were further selected (e.g., picked and transferred) for further incubation in the same conditions for additional 2 weeks. Twenty-five pieces of sub-cultured calli were then separately placed on 90×15 mm petri plates, and incubated as before for three additional weeks.
Transformation—As described in Vogel and Hill (2008, Supra), Agrobacterium was scraped off 2-day-old MGL plates (plates with the MGL medium which contains: Tryptone 5 g/l, Yeast Extract 2.5 g/l, NaCl 5 g/l, D-Mannitol 5 g/l, MgSO4*7H2O 0.204 g/l, K2HPO4 0.25 g/l, Glutamic Acid 1.2 g/l, Plant Agar 7.5 g/l) and resuspended in liquid MS medium supplemented with 200 μM acetosyringone to an optic density (OD) at 600 nm (OD600) of 0.6. Once the desired OD was attained, 1 ml of 10% Synperonic PE/F68 (Sigma) per 100 ml of inoculation medium was added.
To begin inoculation, 300 callus pieces were placed in approximately 12 plates (25 callus pieces in each plate) and covered with the Agrobacterium suspension (8-8.5 ml). The callus was incubated in the Agrobacterium suspension for 15 minutes with occasional gentle rocking. After incubation, the Agrobacterium suspension was aspirated off and the calli were then transferred into co-cultivation plates, prepared by placing a sterile 7-cm diameter filter paper in an empty 90×15 mm petri plate. The calli pieces were then gently distributed on the filter paper. One co-cultivation plate was used for two starting callus plates (50 initial calli pieces). The co-cultivation plates were then sealed with parafilm and incubated at 22° C. in the dark for 3 days. The callus pieces were then individually transferred onto CIM medium as described above, which was further supplemented with 200 mg/l Ticarcillin (to kill the Agrobacterium) and Bialaphos (5 mg/L) (for selection of the transformed resistant embryogenic calli sections), and incubated at 28° C. in the dark for 14 days.
The calli pieces were then transferred to shoot induction media (SIM; LS salts and vitamins plus 3% Maltose monohydrate) supplemented with 200 mg/l Ticarcillin, Bialaphos (5 mg/L), Indol-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0.25 mg/L), and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) (1 mg/L), and were sub-cultured in light to the same media after 10 days (total of 20 days). At each sub-culture all the pieces from a single callus were kept together to maintain their independence and were incubated under the following conditions: lighting to a level of 60 lE m-2 s-1, a 16-h light, 8-h dark photoperiod and a constant 24° C. temperature. Plantlets emerged from the transformed calli.
When plantlets were large enough to handle without damage, they were transferred to plates containing the above mentioned shoot induction media (SIM) without Bialaphos. Each plantlet was considered as a different event. The plantlets grew axillary tillers and eventually became bushy. Each bush from the same plant (event ID) was then divided to tissue culture boxes (“Humus”) containing “rooting medium” [MS basal salts, 3% sucrose, 3 g/L phytagel, 2 mg/l α-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and 1 mg/L IAA and Ticarcillin 200 mg/L, PH 5.8). All plants in a “Humus box” were different plants of the same transformation event.
When plantlets established roots they were transplanted to soil and transferred to a greenhouse. To verify the transgenic status of plants containing the other constructs, T0 plants were subjected to PCR as previously described by Vogel et al. 2006 [Agrobacterium mediated transformation and inbred line development in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon. Plant Cell Tiss Org. Cult. 85:199-211].
Example 16
Evaluating Transgenic Arabidopsis NUE Under Low or Normal Nitrogen Conditions Using Seedling Assays
Assay 1: Plant Growth Under Low and Favorable Nitrogen Concentration Levels
Surface sterilized seeds were sown in basal media [50% Murashige-Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 0.8% plant agar as solidifying agent] in the presence of Kanamycin (used as a selecting agent). After sowing, plates were transferred for 2-3 days for stratification at 4° C. and then grown at 25° C. under 12-hour light 12-hour dark daily cycles for 7 to 10 days. At this time point, seedlings randomly chosen were carefully transferred to plates containing 1⁄2 MS media (15 mM N) for the normal nitrogen concentration treatment and 0.30 mM nitrogen for the low nitrogen concentration treatments. For experiments performed in T2 lines, each plate contained 5 seedlings of the same transgenic event, and 3-4 different plates (replicates) for each event. For each polynucleotide of the invention at least four-five independent transformation events were analyzed from each construct. For experiments performed in T1 lines, each plate contained 5 seedlings of 5 independent transgenic events and 3-4 different plates (replicates) were planted. In total, for T1 lines, 20 independent events were evaluated. Plants expressing the polynucleotides of the invention were compared to the average measurement of the control plants (empty vector or GUS reporter gene under the same promoter) used in the same experiment.
Digital imaging—A laboratory image acquisition system, which consists of a digital reflex camera (Canon EOS 300D) attached with a 55 mm focal length lens (Canon EF-S series), mounted on a reproduction device (Kaiser RS), which includes 4 light units (4×150 Watts light bulb) and located in a darkroom, is used for capturing images of plantlets sawn in agar plates.
The image capturing process was repeated every 3-4 days starting at day 1 till day 10 (see for example the images in FIGS. 3A-B). An image analysis system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.39 [Java based image processing program which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/]. Images are captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).
Seedling analysis—Using the digital analysis seedling data was calculated, including leaf area, root coverage and root length.
The relative growth rate for the various seedling parameters was calculated according to the following Formulas XIII (Relative growth rate of leaf area) and VI (Relative growth rate of root length).
At the end of the experiment, plantlets were removed from the media and weighed for the determination of plant fresh weight. Plantlets were then dried for 24 hours at 60° C., and weighed again to measure plant dry weight for later statistical analysis. Growth rate was determined by comparing the leaf area coverage, root coverage and root length, between each couple of sequential photographs, and results were used to resolve the effect of the gene introduced on plant vigor under optimal conditions. Similarly, the effect of the gene introduced on biomass accumulation, under optimal conditions, was determined by comparing the plants' fresh and dry weight to that of control plants (containing an empty vector or the GUS reporter gene under the same promoter). From every construct created, 3-5 independent transformation events are examined in replicates.
Statistical analyses—To identify genes conferring significantly improved plant vigor or enlarged root architecture, the results obtained from the transgenic plants were compared to those obtained from control plants. To identify outperforming genes and constructs, results from the independent transformation events tested were analyzed separately. To evaluate the effect of a gene event over a control the data was analyzed by Student's t-test and the p value was calculated. Results were considered significant if p≦0.1. The JMP statistics software package was used (Version 5.2.1, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, N.C., USA).
Experimental Results:
The genes presented in the following Tables were cloned under the regulation of a constitutive promoter (At6669). Evaluation of the effect of transformation in a plant of each gene was carried out by testing the performance of different number of transformation events. Some of the genes were evaluated in more than one seedling assay. The results obtained in these second experiments were significantly positive as well. Event with p-value <0.1 was considered statistically significant.
The genes presented in Tables 101-104 showed a significant improvement in plant NUE since they produced larger plant biomass (plant fresh and dry weight; leaf area, root length and root coverage) in T2 generation (Tables 101-102) or T1 generation (Tables 103-104) when grown under limiting nitrogen growth conditions, compared to control plants that were grown under identical growth conditions. Plants producing larger root biomass have better possibilities to absorb larger amount of nitrogen from soil.







TABLE 101







Genes showing improved plant performance at nitrogen deficient 


conditions (T2 generation)












Dry Weight [mg]
Fresh Weight [mg]


















%


%


Gene Name
Event #
Ave.
P-Val.
Incr.
Ave.
P-Val.
Incr.

















LNU938
80352.1
5.65
L
46
117.0
0.24
68


LNU938
80353.1
—
—
—
103.8
0.04
49


LNU938
80355.5
5.40
0.18
40
90.1
0.22
29


LNU910
80350.1
5.03
0.17
30
103.2
0.09
48


LNU869
80083.3
5.75
L
49
86.0
0.21
23


LNU869
80084.4
5.35
0.10
39
—
—
—


LNU869
80085.2
4.62
0.27
20
—
—
—


LNU869
80085.3
5.15
0.03
34
85.8
0.23
23


LNU840
78676.4
—
—
—
84.8
0.26
22


LNU837
79574.5
4.60
0.26
19
—
—
—


LNU837
79574.7
4.98
0.04
29
91.5
0.17
31


LNU771
80077.2
5.28
0.02
37
85.8
0.06
23


LNU771
80079.3
—
—
—
103.7
0.14
49


CONT.
—
3.86
—
—
69.7
—
—


LNU964
80552.4
4.77
0.04
14
94.8
0.29
19


LNU964
80552.6
5.05
0.01
20
103.2
0.06
30


LNU957
80437.1
5.95
L
42
95.0
0.14
20


LNU957
80437.6
5.28
0.29
26
99.7
0.05
26


LNU953
80428.1
5.62
0.05
34
115.3
0.15
45


LNU952
78218.3
—
—
—
104.1
0.14
31


LNU920
78510.1
5.40
0.08
29
105.0
L
32


LNU914
80514.5
5.50
0.02
31
86.1
0.14
 8


LNU911
80420.5
—
—
—
98.4
0.29
24


LNU911
80424.2
5.15
0.03
23
127.8
0.09
61


LNU903
80417.6
—
—
—
98.2
0.01
24


LNU901
80474.5
4.62
0.28
10
—
—
—


LNU901
80476.4
4.85
0.18
15
—
—
—


LNU897
80448.3
5.40
0.20
29
99.0
0.03
25


LNU897
80449.1
4.70
0.10
12
—
—
—


LNU892
80410.1
—
—
—
98.8
0.10
24


LNU892
80412.1
4.85
0.13
15
96.0
0.17
21


LNU884
80407.1
6.17
0.02
47
116.2
L
46


LNU884
80407.5
4.88
0.22
16
—
—
—


LNU872
77724.7
5.15
0.13
23
99.7
L
26


LNU872
77725.4
5.10
0.11
21
90.4
0.05
14


LNU869
80084.3
5.30
L
26
93.6
0.05
18


LNU869
80084.4
5.53
0.02
32
114.5
L
44


LNU866
80443.5
5.17
0.09
23
—
—
—


LNU866
80444.2
5.07
0.09
21
—
—
—


LNU844
80342.1
4.55
0.17
 8
—
—
—


LNU844
80344.2
5.05
0.21
20
95.6
0.12
20


LNU834_H1
80402.7
5.38
0.17
28
112.4
0.08
42


LNU791
77893.1 
5.05 
0.08
20
—
—
—


LNU749
80793.5
—
—
—
95.5
0.21 
20


CONT.
—
4.20
—
—
79.4
—
—


LNU975
80622.1 
5.33 
0.02
27
—
—
—


LNU975
80624.3 
5.00 
0.07
19
—
—
—


LNU819
78133.3 
5.53 
0.02
32
89.4
0.11
12


LNU817
80596.2 
4.68 
0.19
12
—
—
—


LNU801
78584.7 
4.93
0.04
18
—
—
—


LNU800
77896.2 
6.38
L
52
127.4
0.22 
60


LNU794
78522.1 
5.22 
0.08
25
—
—
—


LNU760_H1
80127.4
4.88
0.12
16
87.1
0.16 
9


CONT.
—
4.19
—
—
79.9
—
—


LNU971
78395.1
—
—
—
92.1
0.13 
32


LNU971
78395.5
—
—
—
94.8
0.21
36


LNU944
79779.3 
4.07 
0.27
14
—
—
—


LNU944
79781.6
—
—
—
98.0
0.11 
41


LNU931
79774.5 
3.92 
0.28
10
—
—
—


LNU930
79770.5 
4.88 
0.03
36
—
—
—


LNU930
79772.1 
3.98 
0.11
11
—
—
—


LNU928
78211.4 
4.50 
0.16
26
94.9
0.18
36


LNU928
78215.4 
4.28 
0.03
19
—
—
—


LNU917
77498.2 
4.42
0.09
24
88.8
0.24 
28


LNU917
77500.1 
4.55
0.01
27
—
—
—


LNU906
79219.6
—
—
—
87.2
0.17
25


LNU904
78987.1
—
—
—
115.6 
0.29
66


LNU904
78987.2 
4.33 
0.01
21
—
—
—


LNU874
78369.1
—
—
—
85.5
0.12
23


LNU870
78501.1 
4.53
0.01
26
—
—
—


LNU870
78505.1 
4.12
0.06
15
104.9
0.11
51


LNU870
78505.7 
4.22
0.14
18
97.9
0.29
41


LNU867
79589.3 
4.40
0.03
23
—
—
—


LNU862
79757.1 
4.45
0.08
24
76.6
0.22
10


LNU856
79753.3
—
—
—
80.9
0.14 
16


LNU856
79753.5 
4.65 
0.21
30
97.0
0.20
39


LNU829
77912.5 
4.38
0.11
22
114.0
0.26
64


LNU825
77716.4 
4.03
0.20
13
—
—
—


LNU796
78235.7 
4.35
0.27
22
—
—
—


LNU792
79161.2 
4.33
L
21
—
—
—


LNU792
79215.1 
4.15
0.14
16
—
—
—


LNU763
77588.7
—
—
—
97.1
0.26
39


LNU758
79739.5
4.00
0.18
12
—
—
—


LNU758
79740.3
—
—
—
99.3
0.29 
43


CONT.
—
3.58
—
—
69.6
—
—


LNU955
80432.7
5.25
0.02
35
—
—
—


LNU953
80428.1
—
—
—
84.9
0.17 
25


LNU949
80557.1
—
—
—
83.8
0.05 
24


LNU949
80557.4
—
—
—
77.9
0.23
15


LNU901
80474.2
4.70
0.16
21
86.9
0.20 
28


LNU901
80474.3
4.70
0.09
21
98.7
0.04 
46


LNU901
80476.4
4.33
0.29
11
—
—
—


LNU892
80414.5
—
—
—
80.2
0.25 
19


LNU866
80444.6
4.47 
0.21
15
87.8
0.11 
30


LNU843
78963.5
—
—
—
79.5
0.27 
17


LNU834_H1
80402.3
—
—
—
80.6
0.12 
19


LNU834_H1
80402.7
—
—
—
75.9
0.24
12


LNU798
79671.4
—
—
—
86.8
0.20 
28


LNU798
79673.2
—
—
—
80.9
0.24
20


LNU787
80547.5
4.97 
0.12
27
93.0
L
37


LNU766
78932.1
4.60 
0.04
18
100.7 
0.13 
49


CONT.
—
3.90
—
—
67.7
—
—


LNU844
80344.2
—
—
—
94.6
0.13 
18


CONT.
—
—
—
—
80.2
—
—





Table 101:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.”—Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.













TABLE 102







Genes showing improved plant performance at nitrogen deficient 


conditions (T2 generation)














Roots Coverage





Leaf Area [cm2]
[cm2]
Roots Length [cm]




















P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Gene Name
Event #
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU954
80358.5
0.434
0.02
21
10.8
0.06
40
7.19
L
16


LNU938
80352.1
—
—
—
12.4
L
60
6.92
0.02
12


LNU938
80353.1
0.440
L
22
10.2
0.01
32
7.48
L
21


LNU938
80355.5
0.400
0.18
11
12.8
0.25
66
7.22
0.05
17


LNU910
80346.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.80
0.28
10


LNU910
80348.1
0.403
0.08
12
—
—
—
6.82
0.04
11


LNU910
80350.1
0.461
0.02
28
11.3
0.09
47
7.18
L
16


LNU869
80083.3
—
—
—
13.0
0.16
69
7.16
L
16


LNU869
80084.3
0.424
0.09
18
10.3
L
33
6.55
0.23
6


LNU869
80084.4
0.404
0.28
12
9.92
0.16
28
—
—
—


LNU869
80085.2
0.414
0.14
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU869
80085.3
0.477
L
33
13.9
0.02
80
7.69
L
25


LNU840
78676.4
0.456
L
27
—
—
—
6.82
0.28
11


LNU840
78677.1
0.415
0.08
15
8.73
0.18
13
—
—
—


LNU840
78763.2
—
—
—
9.27
0.09
20
—
—
—


LNU840
78763.6
0.432
0.11
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU837
79574.5
0.433
0.09
20
11.2
0.17
44
—
—
—


LNU837
79574.7
0.434
0.02
21
10.6
0.03
38
7.16
0.02
16


LNU837
79575.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.54
0.18
6


LNU837
79575.4
0.437
0.19
21
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU771
80077.2
0.490
L
36
12.9
L
67
7.53
L
22


LNU771
80078.5
0.398
0.22
11
8.87
0.18
15
6.58
0.23
7


LNU771
80079.3
0.495
L
37
—
—
—
7.16
0.22
16


LNU771
80079.4
0.459
L
28
10.0
0.19
30
6.89
0.03
12


CONT.
—
0.360
—
—
7.72
—
—
6.17
—
—


LNU964
80552.4
0.460
0.05
 8
12.5
L
39
7.62
0.11
11


LNU964
80552.6
0.514
0.10
21
12.2
0.11
35
8.16
L
19


LNU957
80437.1
0.478
0.16
13
11.8
L
30
7.34
0.19
7


LNU957
80437.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.61
0.05
11


LNU953
80428.1
0.467
0.26
10
10.9
0.02
20
7.32
0.15
7


LNU920
78509.5
—
—
—
10.8
0.05
19
7.70
0.04
12


LNU920
78510.1
—
—
—
10.7
0.17
18
7.66
0.02
12


LNU911
80420.5
—
—
—
10.8
0.26
19
7.50
0.09
9


LNU911
80424.2
0.493
0.03
16
11.8
0.19
31
7.51
0.04
10


LNU910
80350.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.20
0.20
5


LNU903
80417.6
—
—
—
10.7
0.11
18
7.36
0.10
7


LNU901
80474.3
—
—
—
10.6
0.17
17
—
—
—


LNU901
80476.4
0.450
0.29
 6
10.9
0.27
20
7.38
0.07
8


LNU897
80448.3
—
—
—
11.1
0.22
23
—
—
—


LNU897
80449.1
—
—
—
10.8
0.14
20
7.50
0.05
9


LNU892
80412.1
—
—
—
12.5
0.07
39
7.57
0.04
10


LNU884
80407.1
0.481
0.07
13
15.0
0.05
66
7.46
0.07
9


LNU872
77724.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.52
0.08
10


LNU872
77725.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.24
0.20
6


LNU869
80084.4
0.481
0.27
13
15.0
L
66
8.19
L
19


LNU866
80443.5
0.464
0.07
 9
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU844
80341.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.31
0.22
7


LNU844
80342.1
0.457
0.23
 8
11.6
0.06
29
7.54
0.13
10


LNU844
80342.4
—
—
—
10.1
0.19
11
7.21
0.20
5


LNU844
80344.2
—
—
—
11.3
0.06
25
7.64
0.08
12


LNU834_H1
80402.7
0.499
L
18
12.9
0.09
43
7.77
0.01
13


LNU805
80784.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.37
0.18
8


LNU773
80398.1
—
—
—
10.7
0.13
19
—
—
—


LNU749
80793.5
—
—
—
11.9
0.09
32
7.82
0.02
14


CONT.
—
0.424
—
—
9.05
—
—
6.85
—
—


LNU956
80856.3
0.372
0.21
12
8.68
0.23
20
7.25
0.29
7


LNU818
80919.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.21
0.09
6


CONT.
—
0.334
—
—
7.23
—
—
6.79
—
—


LNU975
80622.1
0.400
0.16
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU975
80624.3
0.375
0.17
7
7.86
L
18
7.03
L
14


LNU832_H2
80605.6
0.407
0.02
17
8.29
0.12
25
6.82
L
11


LNU819
78133.3
0.405
0.07
16
9.58
0.01
44
6.60
L
7


LNU817
80596.2
—
—
—
7.47
0.19
12
—
—
—


LNU801
78584.7
—
—
—
7.34
0.04
11
—
—
—


LNU801
78585.5
—
—
—
7.32
0.09
10
—
—
—


LNU801
78585.7
0.427
0.09
22
8.56
0.07
29
6.47
0.26
5


LNU800
77896.2
0.433
L
24
10.00
0.02
51
—
—
—


LNU799
78672.5
—
—
—
7.39
0.24
11
—
—
—


LNU794
78522.1
—
—
—
8.83
0.21
33
6.69
0.08
9


LNU760_H1
80127.4
0.378
0.17
 8
9.25
0.06
39
6.45
0.30
5


LNU760_H1
80130.1
—
—
—
7.87
0.09
19
—
—
—


LNU760_H1
80130.4
—
—
—
8.15
0.01
23
6.38
0.16
4


CONT.
—
0.350
—
—
6.64
—
—
6.14
—
—


LNU971
78393.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.22
0.14
7


LNU971
78395.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.06
0.21
5


LNU971
78395.5
0.486
0.05
19
—
—
—
7.11
0.19
5


LNU931
79774.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.25
0.07
7


LNU930
79770.5
—
—
—
10.3
0.30
10
7.15
0.16
6


LNU930
79772.5
—
—
—
11.8
0.02
26
7.10
0.24
5


LNU928
78211.4
0.442
0.15
 8
11.0
0.18
17
7.40
0.01
10


LNU917
77500.1
0.497
L
22
12.7
0.01
36
7.47
0.01
11


LNU904
78987.1
0.471
0.11
15
—
—
—
7.38
0.17
9


LNU904
78987.2
—
—
—
10.7
0.26
14
—
—
—


LNU904
78989.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.04
0.16
4


LNU899
79765.4
—
—
—
10.4
0.21
11
7.57
L
12


LNU899
79765.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.26
0.03
8


LNU874
78369.1
0.460
0.08
13
—
—
—
7.15
0.16
6


LNU870
78501.1
0.441
0.16
 8
12.1
0.14
29
7.23
0.12
7


LNU870
78505.7
0.474
0.09
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU867
79589.3
—
—
—
14.0
0.05
49
7.27
0.27
8


LNU867
79590.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.08
0.24
5


LNU862
79755.9
—
—
—
12.7
0.09
36
7.39
0.02
10


LNU862
79757.1
0.447
0.18
 9
12.5
0.04
33
7.29
0.04
8


LNU856
79753.3
0.481
0.13
18
12.3
0.02
31
7.93
L
18


LNU829
77912.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.16
0.27
6


LNU829
77912.5
0.455
0.24
11
10.1
0.28
 8
7.44
L
10


LNU829
77914.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.18
0.07
6


LNU829
77914.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.51
L
11


LNU796
78234.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.31
0.04
8


LNU796
78235.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.44
0.10
10


LNU792
79161.2
0.499
0.03
22
11.3
0.08
21
7.29
0.03
8


LNU792
79215.3
0.469
0.21
15
—
—
—
7.16
0.08
6


LNU763
77588.1
—
—
—
10.5
0.28
11
—
—
—


LNU763
77588.6
0.459
0.14
12
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU753
77143.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
7.38
0.02
9


CONT.
—
0.409
—
—
9.38
—
—
6.75
—
—


LNU955
80432.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.81
0.27
17


LNU953
80428.1
0.458
0.06
11
9.88
0.04
32
6.52
0.07
12


LNU949
80557.1
—
—
—
9.85
0.05
32
6.31
0.15
9


LNU949
80557.2
0.468
0.10
13
8.31
0.29
11
—
—
—


LNU949
80557.4
—
—
—
9.07
0.10
21
—
—
—


LNU901
80474.2
0.525
0.10
27
10.4
0.09
39
7.03
0.02
21


LNU901
80476.4
0.454
0.25
 9
10.5
0.10
40
6.40
0.15
10


LNU892
80410.1
—
—
—
9.13
0.03
22
6.37
0.09
10


LNU892
80414.7
—
—
—
9.87
0.11
32
—
—
—


LNU873
80473.6
—
—
—
12.1
0.17
61
6.45
0.26
11


LNU866
80444.6
0.467
0.05
13
9.26
0.18
24
6.23
0.29
7


LNU834_H1
80402.1
—
—
—
9.04
0.21
21
—
—
—


LNU834_H1
80402.3
—
—
—
8.88
0.21
19
—
—
—


LNU834_H1
80402.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.38
0.16
10


LNU834_H1
80404.5
0.466
0.17
12
11.5
0.30
54
—
—
—


LNU798
79671.4
0.465
0.09
12
9.92
0.07
32
6.56
0.04
13


LNU798
79673.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.61
0.04
14


LNU787
80546.5
—
—
—
8.44
0.19
13
—
—
—


LNU787
80547.4
—
—
—
8.78
0.12
17
6.83
0.01
18


LNU787
80547.5
0.484
L
17
11.8
L
58
7.34
L
27


LNU766
78932.1
0.509
0.02
23
10.3
0.14
37
7.05
L
22


CONT.
—
0.415
—
—
7.49
—
—
5.79
—
—


LNU884
80407.5
0.490
0.23
11
11.9
0.27
17
6.99
0.23
7


LNU844
80341.2
—
—
—
12.4
0.26
23
6.90
0.25
6


LNU791
77895.4
—
—
—
11.8
0.14
17
7.07
0.05
8


CONT.
—
0.440
—
—
10.1
—
—
6.53
—
—





Table 102:


CONT”—Control;


“Ave.”—Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.













TABLE 103







Genes showing improved plant performance at 


nitrogen deficient conditions (T1 generation)









Gene
Dry Weight [mg]
Fresh Weight [mg]













Name
Ave.
P-Val. 
% Incr.
Ave.
P-Val. 
% Incr.





LNU859
5.75
0.30
19
—
—
—


CONT.
4.84
—
—
—
—
—


LNU919
5.47
0.11
21
—
—
—


LNU886
—
—
—
113.1
0.13
29


LNU859
5.65
0.07
26
—
—
—


LNU821
—
—
—
100.6
0.23
14


CONT.
4.50
—
—
88.0
—
—


LNU936
5.53
0.22
20
—
—
—


LNU786
5.87
0.02
27
—
—
—


CONT.
4.62
—
—
—
—
—





Table 103:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment.


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.













TABLE 104







Genes showing improved plant performance 


at nitrogen deficient conditions (T1 generation)










Roots Coverage [cm2]
Roots Length [cm]













Gene Name
Ave.
P-Val.
% Incr. 
Ave.
P-Val. 
% Incr.





LNU818
—
—
—
6.65
0.28
11


CONT.
—
—
—
6.00
—
—


LNU956
17.2
0.17
20
—
—
—


CONT.
14.3
—
—
—
—
—


LNU946
12.3
0.25
22
—
—
—


LNU887
12.6
0.22
25
7.14
0.16
13


LNU786
13.5
0.03
34
7.03
0.19
11


CONT.
10.1
—
—
6.34
—
—





Table 104:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.






The genes listed in Tables 105-106 have improved plant relative growth rate (relative growth rate of the leaf area, root coverage and root length) when grown under limiting nitrogen growth conditions compared to control plants (T2 and T1 generations) that were grown under identical growth conditions. Plants showing fast growth rate show a better plant establishment in soil under nitrogen deficient conditions. Faster growth was observed when growth rate of leaf area, root length and root coverage was measured.







TABLE 105







Genes showing improved plant growth rate 


at nitrogen deficient conditions (T2 generation)


















RGR Of Roots
RGR Of Root













RGR Of Leaf Area
Coverage
Length




















P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Gene Name
Event #
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr. 
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU954
80358.5
0.0422 
0.08
22
1.29
0.01 
42
0.649
0.03
22


LNU938
80352.1
—
—
—
1.48
L
63
0.640
0.03
21


LNU938
80352.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.613
0.08
16


LNU938
80353.1 
0.0418 
0.09
20
1.21
0.01 
33
0.666 
L
26


LNU938
80354.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.588
0.28
11


LNU938
80355.5
—
—
—
1.55
0.01 
70
0.673
0.02
27


LNU910
80346.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.631
0.14
19


LNU910
80348.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.615
0.09
16


LNU910
80350.1
0.0445 
0.04
28
1.33
0.01 
47
0.646
0.03
22


LNU869
80083.3
—
—
—
1.56
L
72
0.680
0.03
28


LNU869
80084.3
0.0410
0.15 
18
1.23
L
35
0.614
0.11
16


LNU869
80084.4
—
—
—
1.15
0.11 
27
—
—
—


LNU869
80085.2
—
—
—
1.12
0.21 
23
—
—
—


LNU869
80085.3 
0.0444 
0.08
28
1.66
L
82
0.673
0.05
27


LNU840
78676.4 
0.0428 
0.15
23
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU840
78677.1
—
—
—
1.04
0.24 
15
0.606
0.15
14


LNU840
78763.2
—
—
—
1.12
0.13 
24
0.605
0.24
14


LNU840
78763.6 
0.0405 
0.23
17
—
—
—
0.598
0.26
13


LNU837
79574.5
—
—
—
1.35
0.02 
49
0.622
0.13
17


LNU837
79574.7 
0.0416 
0.11
20
1.27
L
40
0.664
0.01
25


LNU837
79575.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.589
0.23
11


LNU837
79575.4
0.0420 
0.22
21
1.13
0.19
24
—
—
—


LNU771
80077.2
0.0454 
0.02 
31
1.52
L
68
0.689 
L
30


LNU771
80077.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.594
0.22
12


LNU771
80078.5
—
—
—
1.06
0.21 
17
0.605
0.15
14


LNU771
80079.3
0.0451 
0.07
30
1.25
0.06 
38
0.656
0.08
24


LNU771
80079.4
0.0454
0.02
31
1.18
0.08 
30
0.613
0.12
16


CONT.
—
0.0347
—
—
0.908
—
—
0.530
—
—


LNU964
80548.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.685
0.26
12


LNU964
80552.4
0.0460 
0.23
13
1.49
0.01 
40
0.727
0.07
19


LNU964
80552.6
0.0475 
0.17
17
1.45
0.04 
37
0.734
0.04
20


LNU957
80437.1
—
—
—
1.38
0.06 
30
—
—
—


LNU953
80428.1
—
—
—
1.27
0.18 
20
—
—
—


LNU920
78509.5
—
—
—
1.27
0.19 
19
0.703
0.14
15


LNU920
78510.1
—
—
—
1.26
0.22 
18
—
—
—


LNU911
80424.2
0.0463
0.23
14
1.35
0.13 
27
—
—
—


LNU903
80417.6
—
—
—
1.29
0.18 
21
0.693
0.18
14


LNU901
80474.3
—
—
—
1.27
0.22 
19
0.709
0.15
16


LNU901
80476.4
—
—
—
1.27
0.25 
19
—
—
—


LNU897
80448.3
—
—
—
1.31
0.17 
23
—
—
—


LNU897
80449.1
—
—
—
1.30
0.17 
22
0.696
0.17
14


LNU892
80412.1
—
—
—
1.51
0.02 
42
0.701
0.15
15


LNU884
80407.1
—
—
—
1.81
L
70
—
—
—


LNU872
77724.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.691
0.19
13


LNU872
77725.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.704
0.13
15


LNU869
80084.3
—
—
—
1.26
0.28 
18
—
—
—


LNU869
80084.4 
0.0473
0.20
16
1.80
L
69
0.760
0.02
25


LNU844
80341.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.701
0.16
15


LNU844
80342.1
—
—
—
1.38
0.06 
29
—
—
—


LNU844
80344.2
—
—
—
1.35
0.09 
27
0.698
0.18
14


LNU834_H1
80402.7
—
—
—
1.55
0.01 
46
0.765
0.02
25


LNU773
80398.1
—
—
—
1.30
0.18 
22
—
—
—


LNU749
80793.5
—
—
—
1.42
0.05
33
0.722
0.08
18


CONT.
—
0.0407
—
—
1.06
—
—
0.610
—
—


LNU956
80854.3
—
—
—
1.06
0.29 
21
—
—
—


LNU956
80856.3
0.0385 
0.26
12
1.06
0.19 
22
0.711
0.26
8


CONT.
—
0.0344
—
—
0.873
—
—
0.661
—
—


LNU975
80624.3
—
—
—
0.904 
0.17 
16
—
—
—


LNU832_H2
80605.6
0.0371
0.14
17
0.951 
0.11 
22
0.610
0.02
11


LNU819
78133.3
0.0361
0.26
14
1.12
L
44
—
—
—


LNU801
78585.7
0.0370 
0.21
17
0.994 
0.05
27
—
—
—


LNU800
77896.2
0.0377 
0.09
19
1.18
L
51
—
—
—


LNU794
78522.1
—
—
—
1.03
0.06 
31
—
—
—


LNU760_H1
80127.2
—
—
—
0.896 
0.27 
15
—
—
—


LNU760_H1
80127.4
—
—
—
1.08
L
37
—
—
—


LNU760_H1
80130.1
—
—
—
0.909 
0.20 
16
—
—
—


LNU760_H1
80130.4
—
—
—
0.964
0.05
23
0.600
0.05
10


CONT.
—
0.0317
—
—
0.782
—
—
0.548
—
—


LNU971
78395.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.658
0.21 
10


LNU971
78395.5
0.0486
0.09
21
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU930
79772.5
—
—
—
1.39 
0.04 
26
—
—
—


LNU928
78211.4
0.0470
0.14
17
1.30
0.19 
18
0.672
0.13 
12


LNU917
77500.1
0.0487
0.08
21
1.49 
0.01 
36
—
—
—


LNU904
78987.1
0.0469
0.19
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU904
78987.2
0.0455
0.26
13
1.26 
0.27 
15
—
—
—


LNU874
78369.1
0.0481
0.09
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU870
78501.1
—
—
—
1.45 
0.04 
32
0.659
0.25 
10


LNU870
78505.7
0.0478
0.13
19
1.28 
0.26
16
—
—
—


LNU867
79589.3
—
—
—
1.68
L
52
0.684 
0.12
14


LNU862
79755.9
—
—
—
1.52 
0.01 
38
0.702 
0.03
17


LNU862
79757.1
0.0463
0.20
15
1.51
0.01 
37
0.696 
0.06
16


LNU856
79753.3
0.0495
0.08
23
1.47 
0.01
33
0.693
0.07 
16


LNU856
79753.5
0.0453
0.29
13
1.31 
0.21
19
—
—
—


LNU852
79580.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.654
0.24 
9


LNU829
77912.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.658 
0.25
10


LNU796
78234.5
0.0455
0.23
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU796
78235.7
—
—
—
1.45
0.08 
32
0.668 
0.20
11


LNU792
79161.2
0.0485
0.09
21
1.37 
0.06 
24
0.680 
0.10
14


LNU792
79215.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.665
0.17 
11


LNU792
79215.3
—
—
—
1.38 
0.12 
26
—
—
—


LNU763
77588.1
—
—
—
1.26 
0.26 
15
—
—
—


LNU763
77588.8
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.706 
0.04
18


LNU753
77141.2
—
—
—
1.46 
0.07 
32
0.666 
0.21
11


CONT.
—
0.0402
—
—
1.10
—
—
0.599 
—
—


LNU955
80432.7
—
—
—
1.61 
0.01 
78
0.669
0.22 
19


LNU953
80428.1
—
—
—
1.19 
0.04
31
—
—
—


LNU949
80557.1
—
—
—
1.18 
0.05
30
—
—
—


LNU949
80557.2
0.0476
0.13
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU949
80557.4
—
—
—
1.11 
0.16
22
—
—
—


LNU914
80514.5
—
—
—
1.09 
0.25
20
—
—
—


LNU901
80474.2
0.0513
0.06
27
1.24 
0.03
37
—
—
—


LNU901
80474.3
—
—
—
1.10 
0.23
21
—
—
—


LNU901
80476.4
—
—
—
1.27 
0.03 
39
0.632 
0.30
12


LNU892
80410.1
—
—
—
1.11 
0.09 
23
0.649 
0.14
15


LNU892
80414.7
—
—
—
1.21
0.05 
34
—
—
—


LNU873
80473.6
—
—
—
1.44
L
59
—
—
—


LNU866
80444.6
—
—
—
1.12
0.16 
24
0.643
0.25
14


LNU834_H1
80402.1
—
—
—
1.11
0.16 
22
—
—
—


LNU834_H1
80402.3
—
—
—
1.08
0.20 
19
—
—
—


LNU834_H1
80404.5
—
—
—
1.40
0.04 
55
0.656
0.22
16


LNU798
79671.4
—
—
—
1.18
0.06 
30
—
—
—


LNU798
79673.2
—
—
—
1.08
0.26 
19
—
—
—


LNU787
80546.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.648
0.20
15


LNU787
80547.4
—
—
—
1.06
0.21 
16
—
—
—


LNU787
80547.5
0.0478 
0.11
18
1.41
L
56
0.686
0.08
22


LNU766
78932.1 
0.0482
0.11
19
1.23
0.04 
36
0.653
0.19
16


CONT.
—
0.0404
—
—
0.907
—
—
0.565
—
—


LNU884
80407.5
—
—
—
1.42
0.22
21
0.633
0.04
17


LNU872
77725.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.584
0.22
8


LNU844
80341.2
—
—
—
1.47
0.17 
24
0.591
0.25
9


LNU791
77895.4
—
—
—
1.37
0.26 
16
0.584
0.22
8


CONT.
—
—
—
—
1.18
—
—
0.541
—
—





Table 105:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.













TABLE 106







Genes showing improved plant growth rate 


at nitrogen deficient conditions (T1 generation)










RGR Of Roots Coverage
RGR Of Root Length













Gene Name
Ave.
P-Val.
% Incr.
Ave.
P-Val. 
% Incr.





LNU818
—
—
—
0.691
0.11
14


CONT.
—
—
—
0.606
—
—


LNU956
2.09
0.13
20
—
—
—


CONT.
1.74
—
—
—
—
—


LNU946
1.51
0.20
23
—
—
—


LNU932
—
—
—
0.739
0.23
17


LNU887
1.53
0.17
25
0.722
0.18
14


LNU786
1.65
0.04
35
0.741
0.15
17


CONT.
1.22
—
—
0.635
—
—





Table 106:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.






The genes listed in Tables 107-110 improved plant NUE when grown at standard nitrogen concentration levels. These genes produced larger plant biomass (plant fresh and dry weight; leaf area, root coverage and roots length) when grown under standard nitrogen growth conditions compared to control plants that were grown under identical growth conditions in T2 (Tables 107-108) and T1 (Tables 109-110) generations. Larger plant biomass under these growth conditions indicates the high ability of the plant to better metabolize the nitrogen present in the medium. Plants producing larger root biomass have better possibilities to absorb larger amount of nitrogen from soil.







TABLE 107







Genes showing improved plant performance at 


standard nitrogen growth conditions (T2 generation)












Dry Weight [mg]
Fresh Weight [mg]














Gene



%


%


Name
Event #
Ave.
P-Val.
Incr.
Ave.
P-Val.
Incr.

















LNU938
80355.5
6.80
0.27
16
140.0
0.21
43


LNU910
80348.5
—
—
—
129.1
0.21
32


LNU910
80350.1
7.17
0.12
23
118.7
0.18
21


LNU869
80083.3
7.10
0.09
21
142.9
0.12
46


LNU869
80084.4
10.3
0.10
77
184.2
L
88


LNU869
80085.3
8.25
0.01
41
158.8
0.02
63


LNU771
80077.2
—
—
—
170.8
L
75


LNU771
80079.3
—
—
—
123.8
0.26
27


CONT.
—
5.85
—
—
97.7
—
—


LNU964
80548.3
5.30
0.25
25
112.8
0.03
40


LNU964
80552.4
7.85
0.04
86
162.1
0.06
101


LNU964
80552.6
5.70
0.01
35
103.6
0.07
28


LNU955
80432.7
6.63
0.03
57
120.4
0.03
49


LNU953
80428.1
5.40
0.15
28
—
—
—


LNU953
80429.2
6.83
0.16
62
143.8
0.24
78


LNU949
80557.4
5.85
L
38
112.4
L
39


LNU914
80514.5
5.70
0.16
35
115.7
0.18
43


LNU901
80474.2
6.75
0.03
60
128.8
L
60


LNU901
80474.3
7.58
0.02
79
130.8
0.06
62


LNU901
80476.4
—
—
—
116.2
0.17
44


LNU892
80410.1
6.50
L
54
137.1
0.03
70


LNU892
80412.1
5.70
0.21
35
—
—
—


LNU892
80414.7
6.03
0.13
43
125.5
0.19
55


LNU873
80469.3
6.42
0.10
52
119.8
0.18
49


LNU873
80473.6
4.80
0.20
14
96.2
0.24
19


LNU866
80444.6
7.20
0.03
70
150.2
0.15
86


LNU843
78963.5
4.60
0.23
9
93.2
0.21
16


LNU834_
80402.1
6.35
0.14
50
116.8
0.08
45


H1









LNU834_
80402.3
5.88
0.04
39
97.9
0.22
21


H1









LNU834_
80404.5
6.05
0.05
43
113.1
0.03
40


H1









LNU798
79669.1
5.67
0.12
34
102.2
0.04
27


LNU798
79671.4
—
—
—
132.5
L
64


LNU798
79673.2
5.62
0.13
33
106.7
0.14
32


LNU787
80546.5
6.68
0.04
58
126.0
0.01
56


LNU787
80547.5
6.70
0.07
59
139.7
0.01
73


LNU766
78931.1
6.05
L
43
117.1
L
45


LNU766
78931.10
7.52
L
78
129.5
0.02
60


LNU766
78932.1
5.47
0.20
30
102.8
0.03
27


CONT.
—
4.22
—
—
80.7
—
—


LNU952
78218.3
6.10
0.25
34
—
—
—


LNU952
78218.6
6.17
0.26
35
133.8
0.14
28


LNU905
79674.4
7.12
0.15
56
138.1
0.20
32


LNU897
80449.1
6.10
0.16
34
—
—
—


LNU884
80407.5
8.55
0.05
87
172.8
0.16
66


LNU872
77723.2
—
—
—
138.9
0.15
33


LNU872
77724.7
8.20
0.02
80
154.9
0.07
48


CONT.
—
4.57
—
—
104.4
—
—





Table 107:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.













TABLE 108







Genes showing improved plant performance at 


standard nitrogen growth conditions (T2 generation)













Leaf Area
Roots Coverage
Roots Length




[cm2]
[cm2]
[cm]




















P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Gene Name
Event #
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave. 
Val.
Incr.
Ave. 
Val.
Incr.




















LNU954
80360.1
0.510
0.16
9
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU938
80355.5
0.554
0.05
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU910
80348.1
0.560
0.27 
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU910
80348.5
0.586
L
26
—
—
—
6.83
0.26
9


LNU910
80350.1
0.620
0.02
33
7.98
0.11
22
6.97
L
11


LNU869
80083.3
0.603
0.06
29
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU869
80084.3
0.564
0.07 
21
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU869
80084.4
0.767
L
65
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU869
80085.3
0.656
L
41
8.85
L
36
7.14
L
14


LNU840
78676.4
0.527 
0.18
13
—
—
—
6.55
0.19
5


LNU840
78677.1
0.533
0.24 
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU840
78763.2
0.540
0.16 
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU771
80077.2
0.646
0.19
38
9.56
L
47
7.19
L
15


LNU771
80079.3
0.572
0.19
23
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU771
80079.4
0.538
0.07
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.466
—
—
6.52
—
—
6.26
—
—


LNU964
80548.1
0.557
L
23
6.39
0.20
15
6.21
0.06
8


LNU964
80548.3
0.514
0.02
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU964
80552.4
0.699
0.01
54
7.77
0.13
40
6.15
0.26
7


LNU964
80552.6
0.500
0.10
10
—
—
—
6.06
0.28
6


LNU955
80432.7
0.597
0.03
32
9.08
0.09
64
—
—
—


LNU953
80428.1
0.554
0.03
22
7.46
0.07
35
6.21
0.01
8


LNU953
80429.2
0.640
0.12
41
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU949
80557.4
0.612
L
35
8.01
0.02
45
6.43
L
12


LNU914
80514.5
0.598
L
32
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU914
80515.6
0.543
0.09
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU901
80474.2
0.598
0.02
32
8.49
0.02
53
6.53
0.07
14


LNU901
80474.3
0.605
L
34
6.52
0.10
18
—
—
—


LNU901
80476.4
0.513
0.05
13
—
—
—
6.25
0.20
9


LNU892
80410.1
0.582
0.07
29
7.37
0.01
33
6.24
0.04
9


LNU892
80414.7
0.552
0.12
22
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU873
80469.3
0.540
L
19
6.46
0.21
17
—
—
—


LNU873
80473.6
0.502
0.16
11
6.19
0.25
12
—
—
—


LNU866
80444.6
0.678
0.13
50
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU834_H1
80402.1
0.597
0.03
32
8.21
0.09
48
6.67
L
16


LNU834_H1
80402.3
0.519
0.03
15
6.42
0.10
16
—
—
—


LNU834_H1
80404.5
0.588
L
30
7.17
L
30
6.30
0.21
10


LNU798
79669.1
0.517
0.02
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU798
79671.4
0.681
L
51
9.55
0.29
73
6.63
0.26
16


LNU798
79673.2
0.573
0.13
27
7.55
0.29
36
6.66
0.14
16


LNU787
80546.5
0.568
0.01
26
7.62
0.19
38
6.31
0.24
10


LNU787
80547.4
—
—
—
6.11
0.29
10
6.47
0.02
13


LNU787
80547.5
0.607
0.06
34
8.87
0.03
60
6.53
0.02
14


LNU766
78931.1
0.535
0.12
18
7.02
0.09
27
—
—
—


LNU766
78931.10
0.648
0.03
43
8.84
0.01
60
6.78
0.03
18


LNU766
78932.1
0.589
0.05
30
7.38
0.17
33
6.79
0.04
19


CONT.
—
0.453
—
—
5.53
—
—
5.73
—
—


LNU952
78218.6
0.695
0.04
34
7.32
0.16
26
—
—
—


LNU920
78507.1
—
—
—
7.69
0.24
33
—
—
—


LNU920
78510.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.53
0.29
10


LNU905
79674.4
0.663
0.16
28
8.22
0.07
42
—
—
—


LNU905
79676.1
0.614
0.20
19
7.19
0.28
24
—
—
—


LNU897
80449.1
0.620
0.17
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU884
80407.5
0.791
0.03
53
9.14
0.04
57
6.76
0.19
14


LNU872
77723.2
0.689
0.15
33
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU872
77724.7
0.650
0.10
26
9.50
0.05
64
6.90
0.13
17


LNU791
77895.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.62
0.24
12


CONT.
—
0.517
—
—
5.81
—
—
5.91
—
—





Table 108:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.













TABLE 109







Genes showing improved plant performance 


at standard nitrogen growth conditions (T1 generation)










Dry Weight [mg]
Fresh Weight [mg]













Gene Name
Ave.
P-Val. 
% Incr.
Ave.
P-Val. 
% Incr.





LNU919
—
—
—
139.8
0.19
15


CONT.
—
—
—
121.4
—
—


LNU956
9.90
0.18
24
—
—
—


LNU749
10.0
0.20
26
—
—
—


CONT.
7.97
—
—
—
—
—





Table 109:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.













TABLE 110







Genes showing improved plant performance 


at standard nitrogen growth conditions (T1 generation)











Leaf Area [cm2]
Roots Coverage [cm2]
Roots Length [cm]
















Gene

P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Name
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.



















LNU886
0.752 
0.19
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU821
—
—
—
6.89
0.27
18
5.89
0.19
7


CONT.
0.660
—
—
5.83
—
—
5.50
—
—





Table 110:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.






The genes listed in Tables 111-112 improved plant relative growth rate (RGR of leaf area, root length and root coverage) when grown at standard nitrogen concentration levels. These genes produced plants that grew faster than control plants when grown under standard nitrogen growth conditions. Faster growth was observed when growth rate of leaf area, root length and root coverage was measured.







TABLE 111







Genes showing improved growth rate at standard 


nitrogen growth conditions (T2 generation)


















RGR Of Roots
RGR Of Root













RGR Of Leaf Area
Coverage
Length




















P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Gene Name 
Event #
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave. 
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU954
80360.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.583
0.23
10


LNU938
80354.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.588
0.21
11


LNU938
80355.5
0.0549
0.14
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU910
80348.1
0.0555
0.22
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU910
80348.5
0.0588
0.11
26
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU910
80350.1
0.0617
0.02
32
0.929
0.07
23
0.611
0.06 
16


LNU869
80083.3
0.0584
0.12 
25
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU869
80084.3
0.0549
0.16 
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU869
80084.4
0.0767
L
64
0.911
0.23
20
—
—
—


LNU869
80085.3
0.0652 
L
40
1.02
L
34
0.583
0.21
10


LNU840
78677.1
0.0537
0.25 
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU840
78763.2
0.0529
0.30
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU771
80077.2
0.0630
0.05
35
1.11
L
46
0.627
0.09
19


LNU771
80079.3
0.0537
0.30
15
0.859
0.29
13
—
—
—


LNU771
80079.4
0.0544
0.18 
17
—
—
—
0.577
0.29
9


CONT.
—
0.0466
—
—
0.758
—
—
0.528
—
—


LNU964
80548.1
0.0572
0.03
23
0.773
0.24
16
0.632
0.08
11


LNU964
80548.3
0.0522
0.26
12
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU964
80552.4
0.0733 
L
58
0.917
0.03 
38
—
—
—


LNU964
80552.6
0.0543
0.12 
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU955
80432.7
0.0607
0.02 
31
1.11
L
67
—
—
—


LNU953
80428.1
0.0561
0.04
21
0.879
0.04 
32
—
—
—


LNU953
80429.2
0.0662
L
42
0.787
0.27
18
—
—
—


LNU949
80557.4
0.0630
L
36
0.971
L
46
0.627
0.13
10


LNU914
80514.5
0.0596
0.03
28
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU914
80515.6
0.0550
0.12
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU901
80474.2
0.0592
0.01
27
1.01
L
52
—
—
—


LNU901
80474.3
0.0623
L
34
0.792
0.16
19
—
—
—


LNU901
80476.4
0.0534
0.15
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU892
80410.1
0.0589
0.02 
27
0.890
0.02 
34
0.615
0.17 
8


LNU892
80414.7
0.0551
0.12
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU873
80469.3
0.0550
0.08
18
0.779
0.26
17
—
—
—


LNU873
80473.6
0.0522
0.24
12
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU866
80444.6
0.0664
L
43
0.901
0.08
35
—
—
—


LNU834_H1
80402.1
0.0614 
L
32
0.965
0.01 
45
0.614
0.21 
8


LNU834_H1 
80402.3
0.0529
0.14 
14
0.768
0.25
15
—
—
—


LNU834_H1
80404.5
0.0588
0.01 
27
0.859
0.03
29
—
—
—


LNU798
79671.4
0.0701 
L
51
1.12
L
68
—
—
—


LNU798
79673.2
0.0585
0.05
26
0.903 
0.10 
36
0.636
0.17
12


LNU787
80546.5
0.0572
0.03
23
0.899 
0.06 
35
—
—
—


LNU787
80547.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.609
0.25
7


LNU787
80547.5
0.0659
L
42
1.06
L
59
0.634
0.07
12


LNU766
78931.1
0.0539
0.15
16
0.830
0.09 
25
—
—
—


LNU766
78931.1
00.0668
L
44
1.02
L
54
0.639
0.10
13


LNU766
78932.1 
0.0584
0.04
26
0.864 
0.08
30
0.612
0.30
8


CONT.
—
0.0464
—
—
0.665
—
—
0.568
—
—


LNU952
78218.6
0.0694
0.04
41
0.879
0.15
31
0.589
0.13
19


LNU920
78507.1
—
—
—
0.907
0.20
36
—
—
—


LNU905
79674.4
0.0658
0.16
33
0.960
0.06
44
—
—
—


LNU905
79676.1
0.0620
0.15
26
0.848
0.22
27
0.584
0.12
18


LNU897
80449.1 
0.0618
0.17
25
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU884
80407.5 
0.0776
0.01
57
1.06
0.02
58
0.593
0.21
19


LNU872
77723.2
0.0681
0.07
38
0.834 
0.26
25
0.582
0.26
17


LNU872
77724.7 
0.0670
0.03
36
1.08
0.03
61
—
—
—


LNU773
80399.2
—
—
—
0.895
0.24 
34
0.583
0.28
17


CONT.
—
0.0493
—
—
0.669
—
—
0.497
—
—





Table 111:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.













TABLE 112







Genes showing improved growth rate at standard 


nitrogen growth conditions (T1 generation)











RGR Of Leaf Area
RGR Of Roots Coverage
RGR Of Root Length
















Gene

P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Name
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.





LNU886
—
—
—
0.809 
0.25
19
—
—
—


LNU821
—
—
—
0.815 
0.19
20
0.590 
0.18
9


CONT.
—
—
—
0.680
—
—
0.540
—
—


LNU956
0.0900
0.29
21
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
0.0741
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—





Table 112:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.






Example 17
Evaluation of Transgenic Arabidopsis NUE, Yield and Plant Growth Rate Under Low or Normal Nitrogen Fertilization in Greenhouse Assay
Assay 1: Nitrogen Use Efficiency: Seed yield plant biomass and plant growth rate at limited and optimal nitrogen concentration under greenhouse conditions—This assay follows seed yield production, the biomass formation and the rosette area growth of plants grown in the greenhouse at limiting and non-limiting nitrogen growth conditions. Transgenic Arabidopsis seeds were sown in agar media supplemented with 1⁄2 MS medium and a selection agent (Kanamycin). The T2 transgenic seedlings were then transplanted to 1.7 trays filled with peat and perlite in a 1:1 ratio. The trays were irrigated with a solution containing nitrogen limiting conditions, which were achieved by irrigating the plants with a solution containing 1.5 mM inorganic nitrogen in the form of KNO3, supplemented with 1 mM KH2PO4, 1 mM MgSO4, 3.6 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl2 and microelements, while normal nitrogen levels were achieved by applying a solution of 6 mM inorganic nitrogen also in the form of KNO3 with 1 mM KH2PO4, 1 mM MgSO4, 2 mM CaCl2 and microelements. All plants were grown in the greenhouse until mature seeds. Seeds were harvested, extracted and weight. The remaining plant biomass (the above ground tissue) was also harvested, and weighted immediately or following drying in oven at 50° C. for 24 hours.
Each construct was validated at its T2 generation. Transgenic plants transformed with a construct conformed by an empty vector carrying the 35S promoter and the selectable marker was used as control.
The plants are analyzed for their overall size, growth rate, flowering, seed yield, 1,000-seed weight, dry matter and harvest index (HI-seed yield/dry matter). Transgenic plants performance was compared to control plants grown in parallel under the same conditions. Mock—transgenic plants expressing the uidA reporter gene (GUS-Intron) or with no gene at all, under the same promoter were used as control.
The experiment was planned in nested randomized plot distribution. For each gene of the invention three to five independent transformation events were analyzed from each construct.
Digital imaging—A laboratory image acquisition system, which consists of a digital reflex camera (Canon EOS 300D) attached with a 55 mm focal length lens (Canon EF-S series), mounted on a reproduction device (Kaiser RS), which includes 4 light units (4×150 Watts light bulb) was used for capturing images of plant samples.
The image capturing process was repeated every 2 days starting from day 1 after transplanting till day 15. Same camera, placed in a custom made iron mount, was used for capturing images of larger plants sawn in white tubs in an environmental controlled greenhouse. The tubs were square shape include 1.7 liter trays. During the capture process, the tubs were placed beneath the iron mount, while avoiding direct sun light and casting of shadows.
An image analysis system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.39 [Java based image processing program which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/]. Images are captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).
Leaf analysis—Using the digital analysis leaves data was calculated, including leaf number, rosette area, rosette diameter, leaf blade area.
Vegetative growth rate: the relative growth rate (RGR) of leaf number [Formula VIII (described above)], rosette area (Formula IX, described above), plot coverage (Formula XI, described above) and harvest index (Formula XV) is calculated with the indicated formulas.
Seeds average weight—At the end of the experiment all seeds were collected.
The seeds were scattered on a glass tray and a picture is taken. Using the digital analysis, the number of seeds in each sample was calculated.
Dry weight and seed yield—On about day 80 from sowing, the plants were harvested and left to dry at 30° C. in a drying chamber. The biomass and seed weight of each plot were measured and divided by the number of plants in each plot. Dry weight=total weight of the vegetative portion above ground (excluding roots) after drying at 30° C. in a drying chamber; Seed yield per plant=total seed weight per plant (gr). 1000 seed weight (the weight of 1000 seeds) (gr.).
The harvest index (HI) is calculated using Formula XV as described above.
Oil percentage in seeds—At the end of the experiment all seeds from each plot were collected. Seeds from 3 plots were mixed grounded and then mounted onto the extraction chamber. 210 ml of n-Hexane (Cat No. 080951 Biolab Ltd.) were used as the solvent. The extraction was performed for 30 hours at medium heat 50° C. Once the extraction has ended the n-Hexane was evaporated using the evaporator at 35° C. and vacuum conditions. The process was repeated twice. The information gained from the Soxhlet extractor (Soxhlet, F. Die gewichtsanalytische Bestimmung des Milchfettes, Polytechnisches J. (Dingier's) 1879, 232, 461) was used to create a calibration curve for the Low Resonance NMR. The content of oil of all seed samples is determined using the Low Resonance NMR (MARAN Ultra—Oxford Instrument) and its MultiQuant software package
Silique length analysis—On day 50 from sowing, 30 siliques from different plants in each plot were sampled in block A. The chosen siliques were green-yellow in color and were collected from the bottom parts of a grown plant's stem. A digital photograph was taken to determine silique's length.
Statistical analyses—To identify genes conferring significantly improved tolerance to abiotic stresses, the results obtained from the transgenic plants were compared to those obtained from control plants. To identify outperforming genes and constructs, results from the independent transformation events tested were analyzed separately. Data was analyzed using Student's t-test and results were considered significant if the p value was less than 0.1. The JMP statistics software package was used (Version 5.2.1, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, N.C., USA).
Tables 113-122 summarize the observed phenotypes of transgenic plants exogenously expressing the gene constructs using the greenhouse seed maturation (GH-SM) assays under low nitrogen (Tables 113-117) or normal nitrogen (Tables 118-122) conditions. The evaluation of each gene was performed by testing the performance of different number of events. Event with p-value <0.1 was considered statistically significant.







TABLE 113







Genes showing improved plant performance at low 


Nitrogen growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter























Inflorescence













Dry Weight [mg]
Flowering
Emergence

















Gene


P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Name
Event #
Ave. 
Val. 
Incr.
Ave. 
Val.
Incr. 
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU947
77448.4
458.1
0.03
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU895
77934.1
416.9
0.10
6
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU895
77935.3
424.4
0.05
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU878
77252.1 
474.4
0.21
21
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU878
77254.3 
420.6
0.07
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU820
77806.2
431.9
0.02
10
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU820
77807.2
423.8
0.05
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU820
77809.1
445.6
0.22
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU815
77494.1 
425.6
0.08
9
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU808
77678.3
456.9
0.03
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU803
77902.2 
446.9
L
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU784
77612.3 
480.0
L
23
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU784
77615.1 
429.4
0.03
10
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU779
77887.1 
428.1
0.03
9
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU774
77247.4 
408.5
0.25
4
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
391.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU895
77934.4
616.9
0.07
8
23.0
0.04
−5
18.3
0.21
−4


LNU895
77935.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
18.9
0.30
−1


LNU890
78202.1
616.9
0.18
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU878
77251.3
633.1
0.19
11
23.5 
0.02
−3
18.0
L
−6


LNU878
77254.2
606.9
0.12
6
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU838
77616.2
—
—
—
23.5 
0.02
−3
—
—
—


LNU838
77616.3 
593.8
0.30
4
23.6
0.04 
−2
—
—
—


LNU838
77617.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
18.5
0.02
−3


LNU838
77617.5
—
—
—
23.7 
0.19 
−2
—
—
—


LNU811
78179.1
—
—
—
23.2
0.26
−4
18.4
0.01
−4


LNU808
77677.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
18.8
0.27
−1


LNU808
77678.3 
633.8
0.12
11
22.7
0.19
−6
17.4
0.21
−9


LNU808
77679.3
—
—
—
23.2
0.09
−4
17.4
L
−9


LNU803
77901.2
—
—
—
23.7 
0.06 
−2
—
—
—


LNU803
77902.2 
676.2
L
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU793
78169.2
—
—
—
22.9
L
−5
—
—
—


LNU784
77615.1
—
—
—
23.2 
0.09 
−4
—
—
—


LNU784 
77615.12
—
—
—
23.1
0.15
−4
17.5
L
−8


LNU775
77592.3 
819.8
0.06
43
23.1
0.01
−5
16.6
L
−13


LNU774
77246.3
678.1
0.23
18
21.4
L
−12
16.6
L
−13


LNU774
77247.4 
587.5
0.25
3
23.1 
0.17 
−5
18.6
0.06
−2


LNU754
77801.2
—
—
—
23.1
0.15
−4
18.2
0.05
−5


CONT.
—
572.3
—
—
24.2
—
—
19.1
—
—





Table 113:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant. transgenes were under the transcriptional regulation of the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4880). It should be noted that a negative increment (in percentages) when found in flowering or inflorescence emergence indicates drought avoidance of the plant.













TABLE 114







Genes showing improved plant performance at low Nitrogen 


growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter













Leaf Blade Area 

Plot Coverage 




[cm2]
Leaf Number
[cm2]

















Gene


P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Name
Event #
Ave. 
Val. 
Incr. 
Ave. 
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU895
77933.2 
—
—
—
11.8 
0.15
3
—
—
—


LNU878
77251.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
107.1
0.24
19


LNU878
77252.1 
2.10 
0.15
40
—
—
—
125.2
0.21
39


LNU878
77254.3
1.58 
0.04
5
—
—
—
94.6 
0.02
5


LNU815
77492.6
—
—
—
11.8 
0.15
3
104.9
0.24
17


LNU815
77495.1
1.62 
0.19
8
—
—
—
99.5 
0.28
11


LNU808
77678.3 
1.62
0.26
8
—
—
—
95.9 
0.04
7


LNU803
77902.2
—
—
—
12.2
L
8
—
—
—


LNU803
77904.4
1.78 
0.15
19
—
—
—
105.6
L
18


LNU784
77615.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
101.6
0.18
13


LNU784
77615.9 
1.76 
0.11
17
—
—
—
101.2
0.04
13


LNU779
77887.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
93.5
0.25
4


LNU775
77593.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
93.6 
0.18
4


LNU774
77246.3
—
—
—
11.8 
0.18
4
—
—
—


LNU774
77247.2
—
—
—
11.9 
0.11
5
—
—
—


LNU756
77581.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
99.9 
0.06
11


LNU756
77585.4 
1.55
0.18
3
—
—
—
94.7 
0.19
5


CONT.
—
1.50
—
—
11.4
—
—
89.8
—
—


LNU895
77934.4 
1.74
0.07
21
—
—
—
108.2
0.29
19


LNU878
77251.3 
1.56
0.10
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU838
77616.3
1.54
0.29
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU811
78179.1
1.63 
0.02
13
—
—
—
98.9
0.15
9


LNU808
77677.2 
1.52
0.28
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU808
77677.3 
1.54
0.28
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU808
77678.3 
1.61
0.05
12
11.9 
0.09
6
104.8
0.06
15


LNU803
77902.2
—
—
—
12.2
0.15
8
—
—
—


LNU803
77904.4
—
—
—
11.9
0.09
6
—
—
—


LNU793
78169.2
1.57
0.11
9
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU784
77615.1
1.63
0.12
13
—
—
—
102.1
0.05
12


LNU775
77593.1
1.55
0.22
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU774
77246.3
1.96
0.04
36
—
—
—
120.5
0.03
32


LNU769
78165.2
—
—
—
11.8
0.14
5
—
—
—


CONT.
—
1.44
—
—
11.3
—
—
91.1
—
—





Table 114:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant. The transgenes were under the transcriptional regulation of the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4880).













TABLE 115







Genes showing improved plant performance at low Nitrogen


growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter













RGR Of Leaf
RGR Of Plot
RGR Of Rosette




Number
Coverage [cm2/day]
Diameter [cm/day]

















Gene
Event 

P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Name
#
Ave.
Val.
Incr. 
Ave.
Val.
Incr. 
Ave.
Val.
Incr.





LNU940
77812.1 
0.886
0.08
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU878
77251.3
—
—
—
13.8
0.13
19
—
—
—


LNU878
77252.1
—
—
—
16.2
L
39
0.597
0.03
17


LNU820
77807.2 
0.838
0.28
11
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU815
77492.6
—
—
—
13.7
0.16
17
—
—
—


LNU815
77495.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.562
0.15
10


LNU803
77902.2 
0.905
0.04
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU803
77902.3 
0.855
0.22
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU803
77904.4
—
—
—
13.7
0.14
18
0.570
0.09
11


LNU784
77612.3 
0.905
0.08
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU784
77615.7
—
—
—
13.2
0.27
13
—
—
—


LNU784
77615.9
—
—
—
13.1
0.30
12
—
—
—


LNU756
77581.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.550
0.28
7


LNU756
77584.2 
0.851
0.20
12
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU754
77805.2 
0.863
0.17
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.758
—
—
11.7
—
—
0.513
—
—


LNU895
77934.4
—
—
—
13.3
0.20
19
0.542
0.23
13


LNU890
78204.6 
0.798
0.22
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU811
78179.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.542
0.23
13


LNU803
77901.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.547
0.22
14


LNU803
77902.2
0.841
0.09
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU775
77591.2
0.798
0.23
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU775
77593.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.544
0.23
13


LNU774
77246.3
—
—
—
14.9
0.03
33
0.573
0.08
19


LNU769
78165.1
0.796
0.23
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.703
—
—
11.2
—
—
0.481
—
—





Table 115:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01 p < 0.1 was considered as significant. The transgenes were under the transcriptional regulation of the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4880).













TABLE 116







Genes showing improved plant performance at low Nitrogen


growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter
















Rosette Area
Rosette Diameter













Harvest Index
[cm2]
[cm]

















Gene
Event 

P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Name
# 
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val. 
Incr.




















LNU940
77811.5 
0.458
0.18
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU878
77251.3
—
—
—
13.4 
0.24
19
6.05
0.10
8


LNU878
77252.1
—
—
—
15.7 
0.21
39
6.61
0.19
18


LNU878
77254.3
—
—
—
11.8 
0.02
5
—
—
—


LNU838
77616.2 
0.476
0.11
11
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU838
77617.2 
0.472
0.07
10
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU820
77806.6 
0.471
0.08
10
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU815
77492.2 
0.484
0.03
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU815
77492.6
—
—
—
13.1 
0.24
17
5.91
0.28
5


LNU815
77495.1
—
—
—
12.4 
0.28
11
—
—
—


LNU808
77678.3
—
—
—
12.0 
0.04
7
—
—
—


LNU808
77679.3 
0.466
0.11
9
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU803
77901.2 
0.497
0.01
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU803
77904.4
—
—
—
13.2
L
18
6.22
L
11


LNU784
77615.12 
0.458
0.18
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU784
77615.7
—
—
—
12.7 
0.18
13
5.98
0.17
6


LNU784
77615.9
—
—
—
12.7 
0.04
13
6.05
L
8


LNU779
77887.1
—
—
—
11.7 
0.25
4
5.78
0.20
3


LNU779
77890.3 
0.464
0.17
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU777
77573.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.02
0.14
7


LNU775
77593.3
—
—
—
11.7 
0.18
4
—
—
—


LNU756
77581.3 
0.469
0.26
10
12.5 
0.06
11
—
—
—


LNU756
77585.3 
0.452
0.28
6
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU756
77585.4 
—
—
—
11.8
0.19
5
5.86 
0.03
4


CONT.
—
0.428
—
—
11.2
—
—
5.61
—
—


LNU895
77934.4
—
—
—
13.5
0.29
19
6.18 
0.14
11


LNU878
77251.1
0.461
0.27
6
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU878
77251.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.84 
0.16
5


LNU838
77620.3
0.464
0.23
6
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU811
78179.1
—
—
—
12.4
0.15
9
6.09
0.01
9


LNU811
78180.3
0.489
0.03
12
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU808
77677.5
0.494
0.06
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU808
77678.3
—
—
—
13.1
0.06
15
5.95 
0.11
7


LNU797
78021.2
0.467
0.17
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU797
78025.3
0.485
0.22
11
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU793
78169.1
0.474
0.09
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU784
77615.1
—
—
—
12.8
0.05
12
6.06 
0.04
9


LNU775
77593.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.84 
0.19
5


LNU774
77246.3
—
—
—
15.1
0.03
32
6.62 
0.13
19


LNU774
77247.4
0.481
0.07
10
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU770
77922.1
0.499
0.15
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU770
77925.3
0.460
0.27
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU761
78159.1
0.473
0.10
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.437
—
—
11.4 
—
—
5.58
—
—





Table 116:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant. The transgenes were under the transcriptional regulation of the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4880).













TABLE 117







Genes showing improved plant performance at low Nitrogen


growth conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter










Gene 

Seed Yield [mg] 
1000 Seed Weight [mg]














Name
Event #
Ave.
P-Val.
% Incr.
Ave.
P-Val.
% Incr.

















LNU947
77448.4
—
—
—
26.4
0.09
26


LNU878
77252.1
—
—
—
25.9
0.08
23


LNU878
77254.3
—
—
—
22.6
0.19
7


LNU841
77146.1
—
—
—
21.7
L
3


LNU841
77148.1
—
—
—
21.6
0.12
3


LNU838
77616.2 
187.7
0.22
12
—
—
—


LNU820
77807.2
—
—
—
22.7
0.12
8


LNU820
77809.1
—
—
—
24.4
0.21
16


LNU815
77494.1
—
—
—
23.6
0.25
12


LNU808
77678.1 
180.2
0.25
8
21.5
0.25
3


LNU808
77678.3
—
—
—
22.8
L
9


LNU808
77679.3 
182.7
0.21
9
—
—
—


LNU803
77901.2 
182.5
0.22
9
—
—
—


LNU784
77615.1
—
—
—
22.7
0.07
8


LNU784
77615.9
—
—
—
22.3
0.13
6


LNU779
77887.1 
186.2
0.10
11
—
—
—


LNU779
77890.3 
187.5
0.19
12
—
—
—


LNU777
77573.3
—
—
—
22.1
L
5


LNU774
77246.3
—
—
—
23.1
0.23
10


LNU770
77922.1 
183.6
0.14
10
—
—
—


LNU756
77584.6
—
—
—
23.0
0.09
10


CONT.
—
167.4
—
—
21.0
—
—


LNU890
78202.1
—
—
—
22.7
0.17
13


LNU878
77254.2 
273.8
0.01
10
—
—
—


LNU878
77254.3
—
—
—
20.8
L
4


LNU838
77616.3 
262.1
0.13
5
—
—
—


LNU811
78180.3 
266.8
0.26
7
—
—
—


LNU808
77678.3
—
—
—
20.9
0.03
4


LNU803
77902.2
—
—
—
21.8
0.19
9


LNU797
78025.2
—
—
—
21.4
0.28
7


LNU797
78025.3 
266.7
0.11
7
—
—
—


LNU793
78169.2 
262.4
0.19
5
—
—
—


LNU775
77592.3
—
—
—
24.0
0.01
20


LNU774
77246.3
—
—
—
21.0
0.01
5


LNU774
77247.4 
282.3
0.02
13
—
—
—


CONT.
—
249.0
—
—
20.0
—
—





Table 117:


“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.” —Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


“p-val.”—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant. The transgenes were under the transcriptional regulation of the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4880).













TABLE 118







Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth


conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter















Inflorescence 




Dry Weight [mg]
Flowering
Emergence

















Gene
Event

P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Name
#
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU947
77446.1
—
—
—
17.1
0.23
−4
—
—
—


LNU947
77447.3
—
—
—
17.0
0.15
−5
—
—
—


LNU947
77448.3
—
—
—
17.0
0.15
−5
—
—
—


LNU947
77448.4
831.9
0.14
5
17.0
0.15
−5
—
—
—


LNU895
77935.4
893.8
0.19
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU878
77251.3
871.2
0.06
10
17.0
0.15
−5
—
—
—


LNU878
77252.1
859.4
0.03
9
17.0
0.15
−5
—
—
—


LNU878
77254.3
884.4
L
12
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU841
77148.4
—
—
—
17.1
0.23
−4
—
—
—


LNU820
77807.2
833.1
0.13
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU815
77492.2
—
—
—
17.0
0.15
−5
—
—
—


LNU808
77678.3
904.3
0.30
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU808
77679.3
—
—
—
17.0
0.15
−5
—
—
—


LNU803
77902.2
879.9
0.11
11
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU803
77904.4
—
—
—
17.0
0.15
−5
—
—
—


LNU784
77612.3
970.6
0.21
23
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU779
77889.3
836.2
0.12
6
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU777
77573.3
893.1
L
13
17.0
0.15
−5
—
—
—


LNU777
77574.4
—
—
—
17.1
0.23
−4
—
—
—


LNU774
77246.3
—
—
—
17.0
0.15
−5
—
—
—


LNU774
77248.2
—
—
—
17.0
0.15
−5
—
—
—


LNU756
77581.3
—
—
—
17.0
0.15
−5
—
—
—


LNU756
77584.2
835.7
0.11
6
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU756
77584.6
887.9
L
12
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU754
77801.2
—
—
—
17.0
0.15
−5
—
—
—


CONT.
—
791.6
—
—
17.9
—
—
—
—
—


LNU895
77934.4
1115.6
0.09
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU890
78202.1
1017.5
0.19
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU878
77251.3
1237.0
0.01
28
22.8
L
−6
18.1
L
−5


LNU878
77252.1
—
—
—
23.2
0.21
−5
17.7
0.08
−7


LNU878
77254.2
1026.6
0.24
6
23.7
0.03
−3
18.6
0.28
−2


LNU878
77254.3
1068.1
0.02
10
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU841
77148.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
18.5
0.29
−2


LNU838
77616.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
18.7
0.10
−2


LNU838
77617.5
—
—
—
23.5
L
−4
—
—
—


LNU811
78179.1
—
—
—
23.6
0.18
−3
17.9
0.25
−6


LNU808
77678.3
—
—
—
22.9
L
−6
17.2
0.25
−9


LNU808
77679.3
—
—
—
23.7
0.02
−3
18.2
0.07
−4


LNU803
77902.2
1035.0
0.07
7
—
—
—
18.2
0.07
−4


LNU803
77904.4
—
—
—
23.7
0.03
−3
—
—
—


LNU797
78025.2
1087.7
L
12
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU793
78168.1
1024.6
0.24
6
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU793
78169.2
—
—
—
22.1
0.05
−9
17.3
0.06
−9


LNU784
77615.12
—
—
—
23.6
0.02
−3
17.9
0.25
−6


LNU784
77615.9
—
—
—
—
—
—
18.2
0.07
−4


LNU775
77592.3
1193.1
L
23
22.7
L
−7
16.6
L
−13


LNU775
77593.3
—
—
—
23.2
0.06
−5
18.7
0.10
−2


LNU774
77246.3
1090.6
L
13
22.0
L
−10
16.5
L
−13


LNU774
77247.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
18.8
0.27
−1


LNU774
77247.4
—
—
—
23.2
0.06
−5
—
—
—


LNU761
78159.1
1029.3
0.09
6
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU761
78160.7
1050.0
0.23
9
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU754
77801.2
—
—
—
23.1
0.30
−5
—
—
—


CONT.
—
967.7
—
—
24.4
—
—
19.0
—
—





′′CONT.′′—Control;


′′Ave.′′—Average;


′′% Incr.′′ = % increment;


′′p-val.′′—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.


The transgenes were under the transcriptional regulation of the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4880).


It should be noted that a negative increment (in percentages) when found in flowering or inflorescence emergence indicates drought avoidance of the plant.













TABLE 119







Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under 


regulation of At6669 promoter













Leaf Blade Area 






[cm2]
Leaf Number
Plot Coverage [cm2]

















Gene
Event

P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Name
#
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU947
77448.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
107.3
0.29
13


LNU940
77812.1
—
—
—
11.6
0.19
5
—
—
—


LNU895
77935.4
1.76
0.16
7
11.7
0.11
6
106.3
0.07
11


LNU878
77251.3
1.95
0.27
19
11.8
0.05
6
—
—
—


LNU878
77252.1
2.01
0.18
22
—
—
—
117.3
0.10
23


LNU841
77146.2
—
—
—
11.9
0.13
8
—
—
—


LNU820
77807.2
—
—
—
11.7
0.07
6
—
—
—


LNU808
77677.5
—
—
—
12.1
0.20
9
—
—
—


LNU803
77901.2
1.75
0.23
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU803
77902.2
—
—
—
11.9
0.02
8
—
—
—


LNU803
77904.4
—
—
—
12.1
0.20
9
—
—
—


LNU777
77573.3
1.85
0.19
12
11.6
0.11
5
108.5
0.26
14


LNU777
77574.4
—
—
—
11.8
0.29
7
—
—
—


LNU775
77593.3
—
—
—
11.6
0.19
5
—
—
—


LNU774
77247.2
—
—
—
11.6
0.19
5
—
—
—


LNU770
77922.1
—
—
—
11.4
0.30
3
—
—
—


LNU770
77925.3
—
—
—
11.4
0.30
3
—
—
—


LNU756
77585.3
—
—
—
12.1
0.05
10
—
—
—


LNU754
77801.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
102.1
0.21
7


LNU754
77802.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
105.1
0.25
10


CONT.
—
1.64
—
—
11.1
—
—
95.3
—
—


LNU878
77251.3
1.86
0.03
21
11.8
0.10
8
115.4
0.03
23


LNU878
77252.1
1.74
0.13
13
—
—
—
108.2
0.13
15


LNU838
77616.3
—
—
—
11.2
0.17
3
—
—
—


LNU838
77620.3
—
—
—
11.4
0.07
4
—
—
—


LNU808
77679.3
—
—
—
11.5
0.05
5
—
—
—


LNU803
77902.3
—
—
—
11.3
0.24
4
—
—
—


LNU784
77615.1
—
—
—
12.0
0.15
10
—
—
—


LNU775
77592.3
1.94
0.20
26
—
—
—
115.8
0.11
23


LNU774
77246.3
2.07
0.02
34
12.1
L
11
132.2
0.09
41


LNU774
77247.4
—
—
—
11.2
0.23
3
—
—
—


CONT.
—
1.54
—
—
10.9
—
—
94.0
—
—





′′CONT.′′—Control;


′′Ave.′′—Average;


′′% Incr.′′ = % increment;


′′p-val.′′—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.


The transgenes were under the transcriptional regulation of the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4880).













TABLE 120







Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under 


regulation of At6669 promoter













RGR Of Leaf 
RGR Of Plot Coverage 
RGR Of Rosette




Number
[cm2/day]
Diameter [cm/day]

















Gene
Event

P-
% 

P-
% 

P-
% 


Name
#
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU947
77446.1
0.846
0.15
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU947
77448.4
0.879
0.09
25
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU940
77811.2
0.810
0.28
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU878
77251.1
0.813
0.28
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU878
77251.3
—
—
—
15.5
0.11
25
—
—
—


LNU878
77252.1
—
—
—
15.2
0.12
23
—
—
—


LNU841
77146.2
0.845
0.16
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU838
77620.3
0.818
0.24
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU820
77807.2
0.889
0.06
27
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU808
77677.5
0.854
0.13
22
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU803
77902.2
0.913
0.03
30
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU803
77903.1
0.827
0.21
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU779
77887.3
0.817
0.25
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU777
77574.4
0.843
0.15
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU775
77591.2
0.818
0.26
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU774
77247.2
—
—
—
15.9
0.09
28
0.632
0.21
13


LNU770
77925.3
0.811
0.26
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU756
77585.3
0.859
0.12
22
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.702
—
—
12.4
—
—
0.558
—
—


LNU959
78222.8
0.790
0.23
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU878
77251.3
—
—
—
14.2
0.22
21
—
—
—


LNU878
77254.2
0.803
0.16
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU811
78179.1
0.782
0.26
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU803
77901.2
0.820
0.12
21
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU797
78022.1
0.811
0.12
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU797
78025.3
0.822
0.13
22
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU793
78168.1
0.790
0.23
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU793
78169.2
—
—
—
14.3
0.28
22
—
—
—


LNU784
77612.3
0.781
0.22
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU784
77615.1
0.784
0.25
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU775
77592.3
—
—
—
14.3
0.21
22
—
—
—


LNU774
77246.3
—
—
—
16.5
0.03
40
0.588
0.20
16


LNU774
77247.2
0.812
0.13
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU761
78159.1
0.775
0.27
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU754
77801.2
0.799
0.19
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.675
—
—
11.7
—
—
0.508
—
—





′′CONT.′′—Control;


′′Ave.′′—Average;


′′% Incr.′′ = % increment;


′′p-val.′′—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.


The transgenes were under the transcriptional regulation of the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4880).













TABLE 121







Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth conditions under 


regulation of At6669 promoter














Rosette Area 
Rosette Diameter 




Harvest Index
[cm2]
[cm]

















Gene
Event 

P-
% 

P-
% 

P-
% 


Name
#
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU947
77448.4
—
—
—
13.4
0.29
13
—
—
—


LNU940
77812.4
0.500
0.05
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU895
77935.4
—
—
—
13.3
0.07
11
6.22
0.09
5


LNU878
77252.1
—
—
—
14.7
0.10
23
6.58
0.21
12


LNU838
77616.2
0.504
0.02
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU815
77492.2
0.482
0.28
3
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU808
77677.3
0.488
0.30
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU808
77678.1
0.497
0.05
6
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU803
77904.4
0.489
0.29
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU784
77615.12
0.505
0.02
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU779
77887.1
0.512
0.08
10
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU777
77573.3
—
—
—
13.6
0.26
14
6.41
0.19
9


LNU775
77591.2
0.503
0.28
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU775
77593.3
0.503
0.03
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU775
77595.1
0.509
0.01
9
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU770
77922.4
0.499
0.08
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU756
77585.4
0.491
0.19
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU754
77801.2
0.506
0.26
8
12.8
0.21
7
6.26
0.07
6


LNU754
77802.2
—
—
—
13.1
0.25
10
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.467
—
—
11.9
—
—
5.90
—
—


LNU959
78224.4
0.527
0.08
22
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU895
77933.2
0.483
0.07
12
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU890
78204.4
0.508
0.07
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU890
78204.8
0.519
0.12
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU878
77251.3
—
—
—
14.4
0.03
23
6.46
0.03
12


LNU878
77252.1
—
—
—
13.5
0.13
15
6.18
0.08
7


LNU878
77254.2
0.480
0.14
11
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU811
78176.8
0.481
0.04
11
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU808
77677.5
0.498
0.07
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU803
77902.3
0.471
0.08
9
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU803
77903.1
0.464
0.21
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU793
78166.4
0.483
0.03
12
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU775
77592.3
—
—
—
14.5
0.11
23
6.46
0.27
12


LNU775
77593.1
0.500
0.19
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU774
77246.3
—
—
—
16.5
0.09
41
6.75
0.03
17


LNU769
78163.4
0.467
0.19
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU769
78165.1
0.481
0.04
11
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU761
78157.1
0.533
L
23
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU761
78157.6
0.515
L
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU761
78160.7
0.471
0.09
9
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU754
77801.1
0.490
0.08
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU754
77802.2
0.492
0.02
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU754
77804.1
0.491
0.20
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.432
—
—
11.7
—
—
5.75
—
—





′′CONT.′′—Control;


′′Ave.′′—Average;


′′% Incr.′′ = % increment;


′′p-val.′′—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.


The transgenes were under the transcriptional regulation of the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4880).













TABLE 122







Genes showing improved plant performance at Normal growth 


conditions under regulation of At6669 promoter










Gene 
Event 
Seed Yield [mg]
1000 Seed Weight [mg]














Name
#
Ave.
P-Val.
% Incr.
Ave.
P-Val.
% Incr.

















LNU947
77447.3
409.8
0.09
11
—
—
—


LNU947
77448.4
—
—
—
25.7
0.10
16


LNU895
77933.2
—
—
—
23.5
0.06
 6


LNU895
77935.3
—
—
—
23.6
0.27
 6


LNU878
77251.3
—
—
—
25.2
0.24
13


LNU878
77254.3
414.6
0.21
12
25.0
L
12


LNU820
77807.2
—
—
—
25.2
L
13


LNU820
77809.1
—
—
—
25.3
0.12
13


LNU815
77494.1
—
—
—
24.7
0.03
11


LNU815
77495.3
406.0
0.14
10
—
—
—


LNU808
77678.3
—
—
—
24.5
0.22
10


LNU803
77901.2
395.8
0.20
 7
—
—
—


LNU803
77902.2
—
—
—
24.9
L
12


LNU784
77612.3
—
—
—
23.4
0.04
 5


LNU784
77615.1
—
—
—
25.2
L
13


LNU784
77615.9
—
—
—
23.1
0.10
 4


LNU779
77887.1
407.7
0.07
10
22.8
0.25
 2


LNU777
77573.3
—
—
—
27.4
L
23


LNU775
77595.1
413.4
0.10
12
—
—
—


LNU774
77246.3
—
—
—
24.0
0.02
 8


LNU774
77247.2
406.2
0.08
10
—
—
—


LNU756
77584.6
—
—
—
24.5
0.01
10


CONT.
—
370.6
—
—
22.3
—
—


LNU959
78224.4
471.4
0.22
13
—
—
—


LNU895
77934.4
—
—
—
24.3
0.03
16


LNU895
77935.3
—
—
—
22.6
0.03
 7


LNU890
78202.1
—
—
—
22.2
0.04
 5


LNU890
78204.4
488.9
0.07
17
—
—
—


LNU890
78204.8
560.4
0.05
34
—
—
—


LNU878
77251.3
—
—
—
24.3
0.18
15


LNU878
77252.1
—
—
—
25.4
0.08
21


LNU878
77254.2
493.1
0.20
18
—
—
—


LNU878
77254.3
—
—
—
23.1
0.27
10


LNU811
78176.8
478.0
0.29
14
—
—
—


LNU797
78021.4
445.1
0.25
 7
—
—
—


LNU797
78025.2
—
—
—
25.2
0.06
20


LNU797
78025.3
—
—
—
21.6
0.23
 3


LNU793
78168.1
—
—
—
23.3
L
11


LNU784
77615.1
—
—
—
22.5
0.01
 7


LNU775
77592.3
—
—
—
26.2
L
25


LNU774
77246.3
—
—
—
22.4
0.22
 6


LNU774
77249.1
—
—
—
23.1
L
10


LNU761
78157.1
495.8
0.12
19
—
—
—


LNU761
78157.6
475.0
0.08
14
—
—
—


LNU761
78159.1
466.0
0.26
12
—
—
—


LNU761
78160.7
493.9
0.01
18
—
—
—


CONT.
—
417.6

—
21.0
—
—





′′CONT.′′—Control;


′′Ave.′′—Average;


′′% Incr.′′ = % increment;


′′p-val.′′—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.


The transgenes were under the transcriptional regulation of the new At6669 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 4880).






Example 18
Evaluation of Transgenic Arabidopsis NUE, Yield and Plant Growth Rate Under Low or Normal Nitrogen Fertilization in Greenhouse Assay
Assay 2: Nitrogen Use Efficiency Measured Until Bolting Stage: plant biomass and plant growth rate at limited and optimal nitrogen concentration under greenhouse conditions—This assay follows the plant biomass formation and the rosette area growth of plants grown in the greenhouse at limiting and non-limiting nitrogen growth conditions. Transgenic Arabidopsis seeds were sown in agar media supplemented with 1⁄2 MS medium and a selection agent (Kanamycin). The T2 transgenic seedlings were then transplanted to 1.7 trays filled with peat and perlite in a 1:1 ratio. The trays were irrigated with a solution containing nitrogen limiting conditions, which were achieved by irrigating the plants with a solution containing 1.5 mM inorganic nitrogen in the form of KNO3, supplemented with 1 mM KH2PO4, 1 mM MgSO4, 3.6 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl2 and microelements, while normal nitrogen levels were achieved by applying a solution of 6 mM inorganic nitrogen also in the form of KNO3 with 1 mM KH2PO4, 1 mM MgSO4, 2 mM CaCl2 and microelements. All plants were grown in the greenhouse until bolting stage. Plant biomass (the above ground tissue) was weight in directly after harvesting the rosette (plant fresh weight [FW]). Following plants were dried in an oven at 50° C. for 48 hours and weighted (plant dry weight [DW]).
Each construct is validated at its T2 generation. Transgenic plants transformed with a construct conformed by an empty vector carrying the 35S promoter and the selectable marker was used as control.
The plants were analyzed for their overall size, growth rate, fresh weight and dry matter. Transgenic plants performance was compared to control plants grown in parallel under the same conditions. Mock—transgenic plants expressing the uidA reporter gene (GUS-Intron) or with no gene at all, under the same promoter were used as control.
The experiment was planned in nested randomized plot distribution. For each gene of the invention three to five independent transformation events were analyzed from each construct.
Digital imaging—A laboratory image acquisition system, which consists of a digital reflex camera (Canon EOS 300D) attached with a 55 mm focal length lens (Canon EF-S series), mounted on a reproduction device (Kaiser RS), which includes 4 light units (4×150 Watts light bulb) was used for capturing images of plant samples. The image capturing process was repeated every 2 days starting from day 1 after transplanting till day 15. Same camera, placed in a custom made iron mount, was used for capturing images of larger plants sawn in white tubs in an environmental controlled greenhouse. The tubs were square shape include 1.7 liter trays. During the capture process, the tubes were placed beneath the iron mount, while avoiding direct sun light and casting of shadows.
An image analysis system was used, which consists of a personal desktop computer (Intel P4 3.0 GHz processor) and a public domain program—ImageJ 1.39 [Java based image processing program which was developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health and freely available on the internet at rsbweb (dot) nih (dot) gov/]. Images were captured in resolution of 10 Mega Pixels (3888×2592 pixels) and stored in a low compression JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group standard) format. Next, analyzed data was saved to text files and processed using the JMP statistical analysis software (SAS institute).
Leaf analysis—Using the digital analysis leaves data was calculated, including leaf number, rosette area, rosette diameter, leaf blade area.
Vegetative growth rate: the relative growth rate (RGR) of leaf number (Formula VIII described above), rosette area (Formula IX described above) and plot coverage (Formula XI, described above) are calculated using the indicated formulas.
Plant Fresh and Dry weight—On about day 80 from sowing, the plants were harvested and directly weight for the determination of the plant fresh weight (FW) and left to dry at 50° C. in a drying chamber for about 48 hours before weighting to determine plant dry weight (DW).
Statistical analyses—To identify genes conferring significantly improved tolerance to abiotic stresses, the results obtained from the transgenic plants were compared to those obtained from control plants. To identify outperforming genes and constructs, results from the independent transformation events tested were analyzed separately. Data was analyzed using Student's t-test and results were considered significant if the p value was less than 0.1. The JMP statistics software package was used (Version 5.2.1, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, N.C., USA).
The genes listed in Tables 123-124 improved plant NUE when grown at limiting nitrogen concentration levels. These genes produced larger plants with a larger photosynthetic area, biomass (fresh weight, dry weight, leaf number, rosette diameter, rosette area and plot coverage) when grown under limiting nitrogen conditions (nutrient deficiency stress) as compared to control plants grown under identical growth conditions.







TABLE 123







Genes showing improved plant biomass production at limiting nitrogen growth


conditions













Dry Weight [mg]
Fresh Weight [mg]
Leaf Number

















Gene 
Event 

P-
% 

P-
% 

P-
% 


Name
#
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU952
78218.1
—
—
—
112.3
0.05
26
—
—
—


LNU952
78218.3
—
—
—
106.2
0.18
19
—
—
—


LNU952
78218.6
—
—
—
100.0
0.29
12
—
—
—


LNU952
78219.3
—
—
—
118.8
0.04
33
—
—
—


LNU945
78998.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.9
0.13
6


LNU945
78999.1
—
—
—
100.0
0.29
12
—
—
—


LNU920
78507.1
—
—
—
106.2
0.18
19
—
—
—


LNU920
78508.1
—
—
—
112.5
0.27
26
—
—
—


LNU920
78508.2
—
—
—
112.5
0.05
26
—
—
—


LNU916
78208.3
—
—
—
106.2
0.18
19
—
—
—


LNU914
80516.2
—
—
—
127.7
0.18
43
—
—
—


LNU911
80420.3
—
—
—
106.2
0.18
19
—
—
—


LNU911
80420.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.4
0.22
1


LNU905
79674.3
—
—
—
112.5
0.05
26
—
—
—


LNU905
79674.4
—
—
—
106.2
0.18
19
—
—
—


LNU905
79675.3
—
—
—
118.8
0.04
33
—
—
—


LNU844
80342.4
—
—
—
106.2
0.18
19
—
—
—


LNU840
78676.1
—
—
—
106.2
0.18
19
—
—
—


LNU840
78676.4
11.2
L
54
131.2
0.23
47
—
—
—


LNU840
78763.6
9.38
0.09
29
106.2
0.18
19
—
—
—


LNU832_H2
80602.1
—
—
—
106.2
0.18
19
—
—
—


LNU832_H2
80604.2
—
—
—
106.2
0.18
19
—
—
—


LNU832_H2
80605.1
—
—
—
107.1
0.19
20
10.6
0.05
3


LNU819
78133.3
8.75
0.06
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU801
78585.2
—
—
—
100.0
0.29
12
—
—
—


LNU791
77893.2
—
—
—
106.2
0.18
19
—
—
—


LNU791
77895.2
—
—
—
100.0
0.29
12
—
—
—


LNU760_H1
80127.2
—
—
—
131.2
0.23
47
—
—
—


CONT.
—
7.29
—
—
89.6
—
—
10.3
—
—


LNU966
78605.5
102.5
0.01
20
968.8
0.11
16
12.6
L
13


LNU966
78605.7
94.4
0.14
10
—
—
—
11.5
0.14
3


LNU941
78611.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.7
0.02
5


LNU941
78613.1
105.0
L
23
1050.0
L
26
—
—
—


LNU941
78613.5
92.5
0.13
8
937.5
0.05
12
—
—
—


LNU941
78615.3
91.2
0.20
7
—
—
—
12.2
0.29
10


LNU925
78991.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.24
8


LNU925
78992.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.17
6


LNU925
78992.6
—
—
—
951.8
0.04
14
—
—
—


LNU922
78290.1
—
—
—
956.2
0.29
14
—
—
—


LNM918
78433.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.06
4


LNU918
78433.2
99.4
0.02
16
906.2
0.22
8
11.8
0.17
6


LNU918
78433.3
98.1
0.02
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU918
78433.8
—
—
—
975.0
0.01
17
12.1
L
8


LNU918
78434.2
93.1
0.19
9
925.0
0.07
11
—
—
—


LNU915
78426.1
107.5
0.20
26
1025.0
0.03
23
—
—
—


LNU915
78427.1
101.4
0.28
19
964.3
0.07
15
—
—
—


LNU915
78428.1
108.1
0.03
26
1056.2
L
26
12.6
L
13


LNU915
78428.2
—
—
—
931.2
0.29
11
11.6
0.07
4


LNU909
78424.3
91.2
0.20
7
—
—
—
11.8
0.03
6


LNU909
78425.4
—
—
—
943.8
0.04
13
—
—
—


LNU909
78425.5
118.1
0.07
38
1062.5
L
27
12.7
L
14


LNU909
78425.7
90.6
0.24
6
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU890
78202.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
L
12


LNU854
78236.1
93.1
0.19
9
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU854
78236.3
—
—
—
885.7
0.28
6
—
—
—


LNU854
78238.1
91.9
0.16
7
—
—
—
11.8
0.22
6


LNU854
78240.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.23
4


LNU849
78498.3
—
—
—
968.8
0.02
16
—
—
—


LNU849
78498.4
—
—
—
1018.8
0.02
22
—
—
—


LNU849
78499.1
93.8
0.08
10
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU849
78500.1
—
—
—
893.8
0.23
7
—
—
—


LNU849
78500.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.2
0.29
10


LNU830
78741.1
—
—
—
918.8
0.16
10
—
—
—


LNU830
78741.3
—
—
—
925.0
0.18
11
11.4
0.15
3


LNU830
78741.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.2
0.27
19


LNU824
77826.1
100.0
0.02
17
956.2
0.02
14
12.6
0.28
13


LNU824
77827.2
110.2
0.12
29
974.1
0.01
17
11.6
0.07
4


LNU824
7782S.4
—
—
—
925.0
0.07
11
11.8
0.22
6


LNU824
77829.3
103.1
0.28
21
950.0
0.11
14
11.5
0.08
3


LNU822
78623.2
108.8
0.14
27
1062.5
0.14
27
11.9
L
7


LNU822
78623.6
115.6
L
35
1056.2
0.03
26
12.1
L
8


LNU822
78623.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.2
0.06
10


LNU822
78625.7
91.2
0.19
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU813
77681.3
94.4
0.14
10
918.8
0.10
10
—
—
—


LNU813
77682.3
97.5
0.02
14
881.2
0.30
5
—
—
—


LNU813
77685.1
—
—
—
918.8
0.08
10
—
—
—


LNU813
77685.2
95.6
0.19
12
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU806
78512.7
98.1
0.20
15
918.8
0.10
10
—
—
—


LNU806
78514.2
—
—
—
987.5
0.30
18
12.8
0.16
15


LNU806
78515.3
98.8
0.15
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU806
78515.4
—
—
—
950.0
0.05
14
12.5
0.19
12


LNU806
78515.5
95.6
0.27
12
1037.5
0.12
24
12.5
0.25
12


LNU802
80307.3
94.4
0.08
10
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU802
80309.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.5
0.14
3


LNU802
80309.3
101.9
0.25
19
943.8
0.04
13
11.6
0.06
4


LNU802
80310.1
93.1
0.12
9
975.0
0.01
17
—
—
—


LNU779
77887.2
111.2
0.30
30
975.0
0.01
17
12.2
L
10


LNU779
77889.3
90.0
0.29
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU761
78157.1
99.1
0.23
16
983.0
0.10
18
—
—
—


LNU761
78157.6
96.2
0.06
13
925.0
0.07
11
—
—
—


LNU761
78160.3
104.4
0.21
22
—
—
—
12.6
0.07
13


CONT.
—
85.5
—
—
835.7
—
—
11.1
—
—


LNU970
78389.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.88
0.02
6


LNU970
78389.8
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
0.04
9


LNU968
77919.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.62
0.21
3


LNU950
78913.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.56
0.22
3


LNU934
79007.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.69
0.08
4


LNU934
79008.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.56
0.22
3


LNU908
79736.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.56
0.22
3


LNU908
79738.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.56
0.22
3


LNU843
78962.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.81
0.15
5


LNU843
78963.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.62
0.21
3


LNU790
78886.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.8
0.30
15


LNU790
78886.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.69
0.24
4


LNU790
78890.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.62
0.21
3


CONT.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.32
—
—


LNU966
78604.1
275.0
0.06
8
3195.8
0.05
12
—
—
—


LNU966
78605.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.26
8


LNU942
77243.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
L
6


LNU941
78611.1
272.1
0.14
7
3107.1
0.13
9
—
—
—


LNU941
78614.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.3
0.09
4


LNU941
78615.3
280.0
0.01
10
3150.0
L
11
—
—
—


LNU922
78287.3
276.6
0.19
8
3225.9
0.06
13
11.8
0.10
8


LNU922
78287.5
275.4
0.25
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU922
78290.1
—
—
—
3121.4
L
10
—
—
—


LNU922
78290.7
—
—
—
3031.2
0.28
7
—
—
—


LNU915
78426.1
—
—
—
2937.5
0.23
3
—
—
—


LNU915
78427.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.10
8


LNU915
78428.1
—
—
—
3191.1
0.25
12
11.6
0.14
6


LNU915
78428.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.01
6


LNU909
78424.3
267.1
0.23
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU909
78425.5
266.9
0.13
5
3088.4
0.01
9
—
—
—


LNU909
78425.7
273.1
0.02
7
3031.2
0.09
7
—
—
—


LNU868
77621.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.5
0.02
5


LNU854
78237.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.26
8


LNU854
78238.1
—
—
—
3093.8
0.11
9
—
—
—


LNU830
78741.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.3
0.18
3


LNU830
78741.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.2
0.23
2


LNU824
77826.1
266.2
0.16
4
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU824
77827.3
266.2
0.11
4
3000.0
0.07
6
—
—
—


LNU824
77829.3
—
—
—
2987.5
0.09
5
11.6
0.27
6


LNU822
78623.7
—
—
—
3032.1
0.04
7
—
—
—


LNU822
78625.2
—
—
—
3012.5
0.06
6
—
—
—


LNU813
77681.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.02
6


LNU813
77681.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.09
6


LNU806
78514.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.10
10


LNU806
78515.3
—
—
—
3031.2
0.04
7
11.6
0.02
6


LNU806
78515.5
—
—
—
2992.9
0.08
5
—
—
—


LNU759
77236.8
—
—
—
2950.0
0.18
4
—
—
—


LNU751
77477.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.0
0.25
10


LNU751
77480.1
—
—
—
3118.8
0.20
10
—
—
—


CONT.
—
255.1
—
—
2842.4
—
—
10.9
—
—


LNU948
78378.1
83.1
0.02
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU948
78380.2
84.8
0.02
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU921
79063.2
78.6
0.16
10
628.6
0.22
12
—
—
—


LNU888
78771.1
84.4
0.06
18
—
—
—
12.2
L
9


LNU888
78772.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.06
5


LNU881
78372.2
79.4
0.04
11
650.0
0.07
16
—
—
—


LNU857
78867.1
77.2
0.11
8
627.7
0.15
12
—
—
—


LNU816
78958.4
78.8
0.12
11
618.8
0.22
10
—
—
—


LNU816
78958.5
91.2
L
28
693.8
0.02
23
—
—
—


LNU816
78958.7
90.0
L
26
718.8
0.01
28
—
—
—


LNU809
79168.2
—
—
—
618.8
0.19
10
—
—
—


LNU809
79168.3
79.4
0.15
11
618.8
0.19
10
11.5
0.23
3


LNU807
79248.1
—
—
—
625.0
0.15
11
—
—
—


LNU788
78516.1
86.7
L
22
660.7
0.05
17
—
—
—


LNU788
78517.2
76.2
0.14
7
637.5
0.11
13
—
—
—


LNU788
78518.1
87.5
L
23
693.8
0.02
23
—
—
—


LNU783
79178.2
80.0
0.03
12
650.0
0.07
16
—
—
—


LNU778
78941.1
81.9
0.02
15
637.5
0.10
13
—
—
—


LNU778
78944.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.5
0.28
3


LNU762
79329.2
78.1
0.10
10
612.5
0.24
9
—
—
—


LNU752
78153.10
92.5
0.04
30
700.0
0.03
24
11.6
0.30
4


LNU752
78155.2
82.2
0.11
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
71.2
—
—
562.5
—
—
11.2
—
—


LNU977
78032.1
162.5
0.16
11
—
—
—
11.6
0.08
2


LNU977
78033.1
167.5
0.29
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU958
77687.7
165.0
0.19
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU958
77689.2
178.8
0.02
22
1450.0
0.21
12
—
—
—


LNU933
78897.1
168.1
0.19
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU907
78872.8
162.1
0.17
11
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU882
78973.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.10
4


LNU880
78196.1
180.6
0.01
24
1503.6
0.13
16
—
—
—


LNU880
78197.4
167.9
0.08
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU880
78200.6
197.9
L
35
1456.2
0.24
13
11.6
0.19
2


LNU871
78195.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.2
L
7


LNU848
77909.2
170.0
0.06
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU848
77909.3
178.1
0.14
22
1450.0
0.23
12
—
—
—


LNU847
78967.2
197.5
0.02
35
1543.8
0.09
19
12.2
0.22
8


LNU847
78967.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
L
5


LNU846
78436.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.09
9


LNU846
78438.2
184.4
0.13
26
—
—
—
11.9
0.23
5


LNU846
78439.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.21
2


LNU846
78439.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.08
6


LNU845
78917.3
194.2
0.10
33
1520.8
0.19
18
—
—
—


LNU845
78917.6
173.1
0.16
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU835
78186.2
204.4
0.27
40
1506.2
0.21
16
—
—
—


LNU828
77598.3
193.8
0.29
33
—
—
—
12.2
0.11
8


LNU823
78122.2
178.1
0.02
22
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU823
78136.4
166.2
0.12
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU823
78139.1
174.5
0.03
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU814
78953.2
179.4
0.02
23
1500.0
0.13
16
—
—
—


LNU814
78953.3
177.5
0.02
21
—
—
—
11.9
0.05
5


LNU814
78954.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.23
6


LNU814
78955.4
188.8
L
29
1493.8
0.14
15
—
—
—


LNU772
78938.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.0
0.03
6


LNU772
78940.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.17
4


LNU757
77485.4
210.6
0.02
44
1612.5
0.06
25
—
—
—


CONT.
—
146.2
—
—
1293.4
—
—
11.4
—
—


LNU972
78907.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.7
0.08
6


LNU972
78908.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.05
9


LNU972
78909.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.03
9


LNU972
78910.2
—
—
—
3500.9
0.13
21
—
—
—


LNU961
79143.3
350.0
0.04
16
3556.2
0.07
23
11.6
0.14
5


LNU961
79145.3
—
—
—
3562.5
0.02
23
11.8
0.15
8


LNU958
77687.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.7
0.25
16


LNU958
77687.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.02
10


LNU958
77689.1
—
—
—
3200.0
0.20
10
12.2
L
12


LNU958
77689.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.28
5


LNU948
78379.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.04
10


LNU948
78380.2
380.6
0.04
27
3618.8
0.01
25
12.3
0.05
12


LNU948
78380.3
358.1
0.24
19
3618.8
0.12
25
—
—
—


LNU921
79061.1
—
—
—
3163.4
0.26
9
—
—
—


LNU921
79063.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.0
0.14
9


LNU921
79064.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.4
0.28
4


LNU913
78592.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.20
9


LNU913
78593.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.03
10


LNU913
78593.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.0
0.14
9


LNU912
78403.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
L
13


LNU912
78404.1
342.5
0.28
14
—
—
—
11.7
0.08
6


LNU888
78772.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.05
9


LNU888
78772.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.07
8


LNU888
78772.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.12
6


LNU881
78372.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.5
0.06
14


LNU881
78373.1
344.4
0.04
15
—
—
—
12.0
0.14
9


LNU881
78373.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.3
0.05
12


LNU881
78374.1
343.3
0.27
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU823
78136.1
353.8
0.01
18
3318.8
0.09
15
—
—
—


LNU823
78136.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.04
13


LNU823
78137.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.5
0.27
5


LNU823
78139.1
397.1
0.08
32
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU816
78957.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.12
6


LNU816
78958.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.03
9


LNU816
78958.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.8
0.04
16


LNU809
79168.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.14
5


LNU809
79169.2
—
—
—
3212.5
0.19
11
11.6
0.14
5


LNU782
77441.1
350.0
0.17
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU782
77444.10
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.14
5


LNU782
77444.9
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.08
10


LNU772
78937.4
335.6
0.13
12
3468.8
0.05
20
—
—
—


LNU772
78938.1
433.1
L
44
3181.2
0.23
10
13.0
0.08
18


LNU772
78940.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.15
8


LNU762
79329.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.20
9


LNU762
79330.3
—
—
—
3287.5
0.12
13
—
—
—


LNU757
77481.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.04
8


LNU757
77483.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.29
6


LNU757
77483.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.3
0.01
12


LNU757
77485.4
346.9
0.08
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
300.5
—
—
2898.0
—
—
11.0
—
—


LNU933
78897.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.8
L
5


LNU882
78973.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.9
0.18
6


LNU871
78191.1
—
—
—
1093.8
0.19
7
—
—
—


LNU871
78191.3
163.1
0.27
10
1112.5
0.11
8
—
—
—


LNU871
78195.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.1
L
7


LNU865
79761.7
—
—
—
1162.5
0.02
13
13.1
L
8


LNU847
78967.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.3
0.22
9


LNU835
78189.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.1
0.12
8


LNU828
77597.3
165.6
0.24
11
1131.2
0.18
10
—
—
—


LNU795
79521.6
—
—
—
1112.5
0.29
8
—
—
—


LNU766
78931.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.7
0.17
4


LNU766
78932.1
—
—
—
1100.0
0.20
7
—
—
—


CONT.
—
148.6
—
—
1026.5
—
—
12.2
—
—


LNU975
80622.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.5
0.01
8


LNU975
80624.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.7
L
10


LNU975
80625.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
L
5


LNU971
78391.1
9.38
0.16
22
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU971
78391.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.1
0.03
4


LNU971
78395.1
—
—
—
131.2
0.12
17
10.1
0.30
3


LNU971
78395.2
10.7
0.04
39
135.7
0.09
21
—
—
—


LNU964
80552.8
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.0
0.26
3


LNU960
78599.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.1
0.11
4


LNU960
78600.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
0.05
5


LNU957
80435.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.1
0.03
4


LNU957
80437.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.3
L
6


LNU957
80437.8
10.0
0.26
30
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU955
80432.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.1
0.30
3


LNU953
80427.1
8.75
0.23
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU953
80428.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.1
0.08
3


LNU953
80429.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.0
0.26
3


LNU949
80553.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.3
0.12
6


LNU949
80557.4
8.75
0.23
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU946
80648.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
0.05
5


LNU946
80648.2
10.0
0.02
30
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU946
80650.2
9.29
0.21
21
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU944
79781.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.94
0.27
2


LNU944
79781.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.1
0.03
4


LNU930
79771.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.0
0.13
3


LNU928
78213.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.1
0.30
3


LNU917
77496.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
0.05
5


LNU917
77500.2
—
—
—
137.5
0.24
22
10.1
0.11
4


LNU917
77500.4
—
—
—
137.5
0.24
22
—
—
—


LNU917
77500.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.6
L
8


LNU906
79219.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
0.18
4


LNU904
78986.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.94
0.27
2


LNU904
78987.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
0.18
4


LNU903
80417.4
10.6
0.03
38
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU901
80474.1
—
—
—
126.8
0.13
13
—
—
—


LNU901
80474.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.4
0.18
6


LNU899
79765.4
9.38
0.16
22
131.2
0.12
17
—
—
—


LNU899
79765.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
0.18
4


LNU899
79766.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.0
0.26
3


LNU897
80445.2
11.9
0.23
54
150.0
L
33
11.1
L
13


LNU897
80448.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.1
0.08
3


LNU892
80410.1
—
—
—
125.0
0.17
11
—
—
—


LNU892
80414.2
12.0
L
55
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU892
80414.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.3
L
6


LNU884
80405.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.5
0.26
8


LNU884
80407.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.5
L
8


LNU884
80408.2
—
—
—
137.5
0.24
22
10.1
0.11
4


LNU874
78366.3
10.0
0.26
30
—
—
—
10.1
0.03
4


LNU874
78370.1
—
—
—
162.5
0.27
44
—
—
—


LNU874
78370.3
—
—
—
133.9
0.17
19
—
—
—


LNU874
78370.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
0.18
4


LNU873
80469.1
—
—
—
125.0
0.17
11
10.6
L
8


LNU870
78505.1
8.75
0.23
14
131.2
0.12
17
—
—
—


LNU870
78505.5
11.2
0.14
46
—
—
—
10.1
0.30
3


LNU867
79590.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.94
0.27
2


LNU866
80443.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.3
0.12
6


LNU862
79758.5
11.2
0.14
46
156.2
L
39
11.1
L
13


LNU856
79753.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.94
0.27
2


LNU856
79753.9
8.66
0.27
13
—
—
—
9.94
0.27
2


LNU852
79580.2
9.38
0.16
22
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU831
79331.7
—
—
—
131.2
0.12
17
10.2
0.24
5


LNU831
79333.1
8.75
0.23
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU831
79335.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.4
L
7


LNU829
77912.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.4
L
6


LNU829
77914.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.6
0.11
9


LNU825
77716.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.1
0.08
3


LNU825
77717.4
10.0
0.26
30
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU817
80596.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.3
L
6


LNU817
80596.2
9.38
0.16
22
125.0
0.17
11
—
—
—


LNU817
80598.1
—
—
—
125.0
0.17
11
—
—
—


LNU817
80599.2
8.75
0.23
14
—
—
—
10.1
0.11
4


LNU805
80783.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.0
0.26
3


LNU805
80784.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
0.05
5


LNU800
77896.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.0
0.26
3


LNU800
77896.4
—
—
—
137.5
0.24
22
10.2
0.18
4


LNU800
77900.7
8.75
0.23
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU799
78672.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.4
0.18
6


LNU799
78672.7
—
—
—
162.5
0.08
44
—
—
—


LNU799
78674.2
9.38
0.16
22
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU799
78674.5
—
—
—
150.0
0.13
33
10.2
0.05
5


LNU796
78235.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.1
0.11
4


LNU794
78522.1
—
—
—
131.2
0.12
17
10.4
0.03
6


LNU794
78524.1
10.0
0.02
30
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU794
78524.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
0.24
5


LNU794
78525.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.1
0.11
4


LNU792
79161.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.6
L
8


LNU792
79162.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.3
L
6


LNU792
79215.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
0.18
4


LNU778
78943.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.5
0.01
8


LNU778
78944.5
11.9
L
54
137.5
0.01
22
—
—
—


LNU773
80399.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.4
0.08
7


LNU771
80077.2
—
—
—
125.0
0.17
11
—
—
—


LNU763
77588.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
0.24
5


LNU763
77588.6
10.0
0.26
30
125.0
0.17
11
10.4
0.08
7


LNU758
79739.10
10.6
0.03
38
150.0
0.13
33
11.2
0.12
15


LNU758
79739.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.2
0.02
4


LNU758
79741.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.1
0.11
4


LNU753
77141.2
—
—
—
125.0
0.17
11
—
—
—


LNU753
77143.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.94
0.27
2


LNU753
77144.1
9.38
0.16
22
131.2
0.12
17
10.2
0.24
5


LNU753
77144.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.0
0.26
3


LNU749
80792.2
—
—
—
125.0
0.17
11
10.0
0.26
3


CONT.
—
7.70
—
—
112.5
—
—
9.75
—
—


LNU976
78364.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.9
0.12
6


LNU968
77919.4
—
—
—
1231.2
0.03
8
—
—
—


LNU963
78385.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.8
0.07
6


LNU950
78911.3
—
—
—
1212.5
0.08
6
—
—
—


LNU934
79007.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.8
0.07
6


LNU934
79008.3
122.1
0.15
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU908
79736.2
134.4
0.28
16
1312.5
0.10
15
—
—
—


LNU893
77154.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.4
L
10


LNU885
78416.5
125.0
0.05
8
1300.0
0.05
14
—
—
—


LNU858
79587.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.6
0.06
4


LNU790
78886.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.6
0.22
4


LNU790
78890.1
134.4
0.06
16
1237.5
0.07
8
12.6
0.18
4


CONT.
—
116.2
—
—
1141.1
—
—
12.1
—
—


LNU947
77448.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.7
0.03
6


LNU947
77449.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.22
3


LNU940
77811.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.6
0.13
5


LNU900
78851.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.22
3


LNU898
78981.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.3
0.26
2


LNU898
78983.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.9
0.09
7


LNU898
78985.1
—
—
—
1393.8
0.16
14
—
—
—


LNU894
78282.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.22
3


LNU894
78283.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.9
0.03
8


LNU846
78436.2
—
—
—
1368.8
0.04
12
—
—
—


LNU846
78438.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.22
3


LNU846
78439.4
—
—
—
1393.8
0.02
14
12.9
0.03
8


LNU820
77806.2
227.0
0.06
37
1410.7
0.11
15
—
—
—


LNU820
77807.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.5
0.11
4


LNU820
77809.1
—
—
—
1413.4
0.26
16
—
—
—


LNU815
77492.2
193.1
0.05
17
1343.8
0.21
10
—
—
—


LNU815
77492.6
—
—
—
1331.2
0.12
9
—
—
—


LNU815
77494.1
—
—
—
1337.5
0.07
10
12.9
0.03
8


LNU814
78953.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.3
0.26
2


LNU814
78955.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.5
0.08
4


LNU811
78179.1
—
—
—
1412.5
0.03
16
12.8
0.28
7


LNU811
78180.3
—
—
—
1300.0
0.19
6
—
—
—


LNU797
78022.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.5
0.25
4


LNU793
78166.4
—
—
—
1325.0
0.23
8
—
—
—


LNU759
77236.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.3
0.26
2


LNU756
77581.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.8
0.25
6


LNU756
77584.6
—
—
—
1285.7
0.28
5
—
—
—


LNU751
77477.1
—
—
—
1416.1
0.09
16
—
—
—


LNU751
77478.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.22
3


LNU751
77480.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.6
0.04
5


CONT.
—
165.1
—
—
1221.4
—
—
12.0
—
—


LNU972
78909.3
—
—
—
1531.2
0.28
5
12.4
0.09
5


LNU972
78910.2
—
—
—
1506.2
0.28
4
—
—
—


LNU965
78360.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.2
0.13
4


LNU961
79143.2
—
—
—
1568.8
0.30
8
—
—
—


LNU961
79145.3
—
—
—
1525.0
0.14
5
—
—
—


LNU943
78407.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.26
3


LNU943
78407.4
—
—
—
1581.2
0.02
9
—
—
—


LNU926
78858.8
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.26
3


LNU913
78593.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.09
5


LNU896
78979.5
—
—
—
1531.2
0.11
5
—
—
—


LNU876
79596.2
—
—
—
1525.0
0.18
5
—
—
—


LNU864
79339.2
195.8
0.20
7
1617.0
0.08
11
—
—
—


LNU833
78184.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.26
3


LNU804
78950.4
—
—
—
1537.5
0.13
6
—
—
—


LNU789
78891.6
—
—
—
1766.7
0.30
22
—
—
—


LNU789
78893.3
—
—
—
1500.0
0.30
3
—
—
—


LNU768
77881.3
194.4
0.26
6
1537.5
0.21
6
—
—
—


LNU768
77883.4
198.1
0.13
8
1581.2
0.02
9
—
—
—


LNU764
78926.1
214.4
0.28
17
1618.8
0.07
11
12.4
0.17
5


CONT.
—
183.8
—
—
1453.6
—
—
11.7
—
—





“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.”—Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


′′p-val.′′—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.













TABLE 124







Genes showing improved plant biomass production at limiting nitrogen 


growth conditions













Plot Coverage 
Rosette Area 
Rosette 




[cm2]
[cm2]
Diameter [cm]

















Gene 
Event 

P-
% 

P-
% 

P-
% 


Name
#
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU952
78218.1
49.8
0.02
19
6.23
0.02
19
4.62
0.02
12


LNU952
78218.3
45.0
0.24
7
5.62
0.24
7
4.37
0.09
6


LNU952
78218.6
46.3
0.24
11
5.79
0.24
11
4.33
0.22
5


LNU952
78219.3
47.1
0.08
12
5.88
0.08
12
4.51
0.04
9


LNU945
78998.2
45.8
0.20
9
5.72
0.20
9
4.45
0.12
8


LNU920
78507.1
52.9
0.08
26
6.62
0.08
26
4.94
0.06
20


LNU920
78507.2
45.8
0.25
9
5.73
0.25
9
4.35
0.11
6


LNU920
78508.1
51.6
L
23
6.45
L
23
4.72
L
15


LNU920
78508.2
53.6
L
28
6.70
L
28
4.84
L
18


LNU916
78208.3
50.8
0.02
21
6.35
0.02
21
4.63
L
12


LNU914
80514.5
46.2
0.15
10
5.78
0.15
10
4.36
0.15
6


LNU914
80516.2
50.4
0.14
20
6.29
0.14
20
4.71
L
14


LNU914
80516.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.50
0.03
9


LNU911
80420.3
46.2
0.12
10
5.77
0.12
10
4.36
0.09
6


LNU911
80424.2
46.3
0.12
10
5.78
0.12
10
4.43
0.05
7


LNU905
79674.3
47.4
0.08
13
5.92
0.08
13
4.51
0.09
9


LNU905
79674.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.40
0.08
7


LNU905
79675.3
51.5
L
23
6.44
L
23
4.65
L
13


LNU844
80342.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.27
0.27
4


LNU844
80342.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.32
0.29
5


LNU840
78676.1
49.2
0.02
17
6.15
0.02
17
4.71
L
14


LNU840
78676.4
52.9
0.09
26
6.62
0.09
26
4.74
0.05
15


LNU840
78763.6
46.7
0.10
11
5.83
0.10
11
4.45
0.04
8


LNU834_H1
80402.7
47.6
0.21
14
5.95
0.21
14
4.47
0.23
8


LNU832_H2
80604.2
48.2
0.06
15
6.03
0.06
15
4.58
0.11
11


LNU819
78133.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.56
0.02
11


LNU801
78585.2
45.6
0.29
9
5.70
0.29
9
4.42
0.20
7


LNU791
77893.1
54.0
0.01
29
6.74
0.01
29
4.86
L
18


LNU791
77893.2
48.8
0.03
16
6.09
0.03
16
4.52
0.04
10


LNU760_H1
80127.2
51.7
0.17
23
6.47
0.17
23
4.65
0.05
13


CONT.
—
41.9
—
—
5.24
—
—
4.12
—
—


LNU966
78605.5
81.2
0.03
38
10.2
0.03
38
5.22
0.05
15


LNU966
78605.7
72.2
L
22
9.03
L
22
4.94
0.01
9


LNU941
78611.1
67.9
L
15
8.48
L
15
4.67
0.22
3


LNU941
78613.1
75.3
0.03
27
9.41
0.03
27
5.10
L
13


LNU941
78615.3
75.2
L
27
9.40
L
27
5.03
L
11


LNU925
78992.1
77.2
0.26
31
9.65
0.26
31
5.18
0.21
15


LNU925
78992.6
62.1
0.26
5
7.76
0.26
5
—
—
—


LNU918
78433.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.73
0.23
5


LNU918
78433.2
69.7
0.21
18
8.72
0.21
18
4.90
0.23
8


LNU918
78433.3
70.2
L
19
8.78
L
19
4.85
0.02
7


LNU918
78434.2
65.6
0.02
11
8.21
0.02
11
4.82
0.03
6


LNU915
78426.1
71.3
L
21
8.91
L
21
5.05
L
12


LNU915
78427.1
69.8
0.29
18
8.73
0.29
18
—
—
—


LNU915
78428.1
78.8
L
33
9.85
L
33
5.14
L
14


LNU915
78428.2
66.3
0.27
12
8.28
0.27
12
—
—
—


LNU909
78424.3
69.3
0.29
17
8.66
0.29
17
—
—
—


LNU909
78425.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.10
0.05
13


LNU909
78425.5
81.3
0.25
38
10.2
0.25
38
5.29
0.20
17


LNU909
78425.7
67.8
0.14
15
8.48
0.14
15
4.83
0.15
7


LNU890
78202.1
74.4
L
26
9.30
L
26
4.84
0.08
7


LNU854
78236.1
62.9
0.14
6
7.86
0.14
6
4.67
0.22
3


LNU854
78238.1
68.7
L
16
8.59
L
16
4.74
0.11
5


LNU849
78498.4
72.6
L
23
9.08
L
23
4.93
0.09
9


LNU849
78499.1
69.3
0.04
17
8.66
0.04
17
4.84
0.29
7


LNU830
78741.5
79.8
0.17
35
9.98
0.17
35
5.18
0.20
15


LNU830
78742.8
63.8
0.20
8
7.97
0.20
8
—
—
—


LNU824
77826.1
82.9
0.20
40
10.4
0.20
40
5.40
0.11
19


LNU824
77827.3
64.6
0.20
9
8.08
0.20
9
—
—
—


LNU824
77828.4
69.4
0.04
18
8.68
0.04
18
4.73
0.11
5


LNU824
77829.3
73.8
0.05
25
9.22
0.05
25
4.97
0.10
10


LNU822
78623.2
82.2
0.27
39
10.3
0.27
39
5.29
0.22
17


LNU822
78623.6
87.8
L
49
11.0
L
49
5.56
0.04
23


LNU822
78623.7
74.0
0.21
25
9.26
0.21
25
4.96
0.14
10


LNU822
78625.2
75.9
0.29
28
9.48
0.29
28
5.12
0.25
13


LNU813
77682.3
77.3
0.16
31
9.66
0.16
31
5.20
L
15


LNU806
78514.2
87.1
0.02
47
10.9
0.02
47
5.61
L
24


LNU806
78515.3
69.3
L
17
8.66
L
17
4.75
0.10
5


LNU806
78515.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.87
0.26
8


LNU806
78515.5
76.4
L
29
9.55
L
29
4.98
L
10


LNU802
80307.3
65.9
0.03
12
8.24
0.03
12
4.68
0.20
3


LNU802
80309.2
67.0
0.27
13
8.38
0.27
13
—
—
—


LNU802
80309.3
67.3
0.09
14
8.41
0.09
14
4.81
0.04
6


LNU802
80310.1
67.1
0.08
14
8.39
0.08
14
4.81
0.14
6


LNU779
77887.2
77.0
0.03
30
9.63
0.03
30
5.09
0.11
13


LNU761
78157.6
67.8
0.15
15
8.48
0.15
15
4.79
0.28
6


LNU761
78159.1
66.3
0.08
12
8.29
0.08
12
4.75
0.08
5


LNU761
78160.3
84.0
0.07
42
10.5
0.07
42
5.44
0.02
20


CONT.
—
59.1
—
—
7.38
—
—
4.52
—
—


LNU976
78364.1
45.6
L
47
5.71
L
47
4.19
L
25


LNU976
78364.2
34.1
0.22
10
4.27
0.22
10
—
—
—


LNU976
78364.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
3.50
0.26
4


LNU970
78388.1
36.2
0.02
17
4.52
0.02
17
3.63
0.03
8


LNU970
78389.7
33.4
0.27
8
4.18
0.27
8
3.62
0.06
8


LNU970
78389.8
44.2
0.03
42
5.52
0.03
42
4.00
L
19


LNU968
77919.4
36.5
0.01
18
4.57
0.01
18
3.66
0.02
9


LNU963
78383.4
36.6
0.07
18
4.57
0.07
18
3.65
0.27
9


LNU950
78913.4
39.1
0.12
26
4.89
0.12
26
3.74
0.18
11


LNU950
78915.2
35.7
0.03
15
4.46
0.03
15
3.66
0.04
9


LNU949
80553.5
37.5
0.22
21
4.69
0.22
21
3.74
0.21
11


LNU949
80553.8
39.6
0.01
28
4.95
0.01
28
3.69
0.16
10


LNU934
79007.5
33.2
0.27
7
4.16
0.27
7
—
—
—


LNU934
79008.1
33.9
0.14
9
4.24
0.14
9
3.64
0.15
8


LNU902
79606.5
38.2
0.03
23
4.77
0.03
23
3.77
0.10
12


LNU875
78413.4
36.3
0.29
17
4.54
0.29
17
3.68
0.22
9


LNU873
80473.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
3.73
0.27
11


LNU843
78962.4
37.7
L
22
4.71
L
22
3.67
0.02
9


LNU843
78963.2
36.3
0.11
17
4.53
0.11
17
3.68
0.08
9


LNU790
78886.2
40.8
L
31
5.10
L
31
3.72
0.08
11


LNU790
78886.3
35.0
0.04
13
4.38
0.04
13
3.67
0.07
9


LNU790
78889.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
3.59
0.07
7


LNU767
79146.1
41.6
0.09
34
5.20
0.09
34
3.85
0.15
15


LNU767
79146.2
36.5
0.01
18
4.57
0.01
18
3.72
L
11


CONT.
—
31.0
—
—
3.88
—
—
3.36
—
—


LNU941
78613.1
107.3
0.04
19
13.4
0.04
19
6.23
0.02
11


LNU941
78614.2
111.8
0.01
24
14.0
0.01
24
6.25
0.02
12


LNU941
78615.3
102.4
0.13
13
12.8
0.13
13
6.03
0.15
8


LNU918
78433.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.92
0.16
6


LNU915
78427.1
104.1
0.06
15
13.0
0.06
15
5.92
0.17
6


LNU915
78428.1
101.4
0.24
12
12.7
0.24
12
—
—
—


LNU909
78425.5
99.4
0.26
10
12.4
0.26
10
—
—
—


LNU868
77621.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.06
0.25
8


LNU854
78237.2
114.2
L
26
14.3
L
26
6.00
0.20
7


LNU849
78498.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.09
0.10
9


LNU849
78498.4
105.0
0.05
16
13.1
0.05
16
5.99
0.10
7


LNU830
78741.3
—
—
—
12.3
0.26
9
—
—
—


LNU830
78741.5
107.9
0.09
19
13.5
0.09
19
6.26
0.02
12


LNU813
77682.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.88
0.28
5


LNU813
77685.1
109.6
0.02
21
13.7
0.02
21
6.28
0.12
12


LNU806
78514.2
100.4
0.28
11
12.6
0.28
11
5.86
0.29
5


LNU806
78515.3
100.7
0.13
11
12.6
0.13
11
5.93
0.15
6


LNU806
78515.5
101.9
0.15
13
12.7
0.15
13
5.96
0.11
6


LNU780
77489.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.04
0.24
8


CONT.
—
90.5
—
—
11.3
—
—
5.60
—
—


LNU948
78378.1
74.9
0.04
20
9.36
0.04
20
5.02
0.18
8


LNU948
78380.2
67.9
0.07
9
8.49
0.07
9
4.84
0.22
5


LNU921
79063.2
64.6
0.28
4
8.07
0.28
4
—
—
—


LNU889
79601.4
67.5
0.08
8
8.44
0.08
8
4.83
0.19
4


LNU888
78771.1
75.6
0.22
21
9.45
0.22
21
5.13
0.29
11


LNU881
78372.2
71.0
0.07
14
8.87
0.07
14
4.95
0.07
7


LNU857
78867.2
69.8
0.27
12
8.72
0.27
12
4.95
0.27
7


LNU857
78870.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.77
0.22
3


LNU816
78958.5
75.0
L
20
9.37
L
20
5.17
L
12


LNU816
78958.7
76.6
0.03
23
9.58
0.03
23
5.22
L
13


LNU809
79168.2
72.6
0.24
16
9.07
0.24
16
4.98
0.20
8


LNU809
79168.3
67.9
0.26
9
8.49
0.26
9
—
—
—


LNU807
79248.1
66.3
0.13
6
8.28
0.13
6
4.81
0.10
4


LNU807
79250.2
65.0
0.22
4
8.13
0.22
4
—
—
—


LNU795
79525.1
70.5
0.01
13
8.82
0.01
13
—
—
—


LNU795
79525.5
66.0
0.15
6
8.25
0.15
6
4.80
0.11
4


LNU788
78516.1
76.3
0.07
22
9.54
0.07
22
5.11
0.30
10


LNU788
78517.2
66.7
0.07
7
8.34
0.07
7
4.86
0.06
5


LNU788
78518.1
89.3
0.11
43
11.2
0.11
43
5.59
L
21


LNU778
78941.1
72.6
0.15
16
9.07
0.15
16
4.94
0.16
7


LNU778
78944.2
70.0
0.01
12
8.75
0.01
12
4.90
0.16
6


LNU752
78153.10
75.8
0.26
22
9.48
0.26
22
5.24
0.16
13


LNU752
78155.2
64.9
0.29
4
8.11
0.29
4
4.83
0.26
4


CONT.
—
62.3
—
—
7.79
—
—
4.63
—
—


LNU977
78032.1
89.1
0.28
11
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU933
78897.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.57
0.24
6


LNU880
78197.2
85.7
0.28
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU871
78195.4
90.4
0.07
12
11.3
0.11
10
5.46
0.23
4


LNU848
77906.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.58
0.06
6


LNU847
78967.2
87.7
0.07
9
11.0
0.14
7
5.39
0.20
2


LNU846
78438.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.53
0.12
5


LNU846
78439.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.52
0.22
5


LNU846
78439.4
105.8
L
32
13.2
L
29
6.04
L
15


LNU828
77598.3
96.6
0.17
20
12.1
0.20
18
5.85
0.10
11


LNU823
78122.2
90.5
0.25
13
—
—
—
5.62
0.30
7


LNU772
78938.1
105.8
0.14
32
13.2
0.15
29
6.10
0.26
16


LNU757
77485.4
93.2
L
16
11.7
0.01
14
5.63
0.08
7


CONT.
—
80.4
—
—
10.2
—
—
5.26
—
—


LNU972
78907.1
79.1
0.15
21
9.89
0.15
21
5.43
0.24
9


LNU972
78908.2
77.3
0.06
18
9.66
0.06
18
5.40
L
8


LNU972
78909.3
88.0
0.12
35
11.0
0.12
35
5.78
0.09
16


LNU961
79143.3
78.3
0.01
20
9.79
0.01
20
5.51
L
10


LNU961
79143.4
72.6
0.13
11
9.07
0.13
11
5.42
0.05
9


LNU961
79145.3
79.1
0.01
21
9.89
0.01
21
5.38
L
8


LNU961
79145.6
70.6
0.24
8
8.83
0.24
8
5.14
0.19
3


LNU958
77687.2
87.1
L
33
10.9
L
33
5.75
L
15


LNU958
77687.5
83.6
L
28
10.5
L
28
5.72
L
15


LNU958
77689.1
84.4
L
29
10.6
L
29
5.76
L
16


LNU958
77689.2
76.8
0.15
17
9.59
0.15
17
5.37
0.22
8


LNU948
78378.1
83.1
L
27
10.4
L
27
5.66
L
13


LNU948
78379.4
77.8
0.19
19
9.73
0.19
19
—
—
—


LNU948
78380.2
84.5
L
29
10.6
L
29
5.64
L
13


LNU948
78380.3
71.6
0.27
9
8.95
0.27
9
5.21
0.09
5


LNU921
79063.2
82.4
L
26
10.3
L
26
5.53
L
11


LNU921
79064.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.25
0.05
5


LNU921
79064.3
74.3
0.14
14
9.28
0.14
14
5.34
0.07
7


LNU913
78592.1
79.5
L
22
9.94
L
22
5.36
0.01
7


LNU913
78592.3
77.5
0.14
18
9.69
0.14
18
5.39
0.21
8


LNU913
78592.4
86.6
L
32
10.8
L
32
5.73
0.07
15


LNU913
78593.1
86.4
L
32
10.8
L
32
5.63
L
13


LNU913
78593.6
92.6
L
42
11.6
L
42
5.96
L
20


LNU912
78401.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.25
0.18
5


LNU912
78403.2
83.9
0.06
28
10.5
0.06
28
5.70
0.06
14


LNU912
78404.1
80.3
L
23
10.0
L
23
5.44
L
9


LNU889
79601.4
76.4
0.03
17
9.55
0.03
17
5.42
L
9


LNU889
79602.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.27
0.21
6


LNU881
78372.2
91.4
L
40
11.4
L
40
5.88
L
18


LNU881
78373.1
73.9
0.14
13
9.24
0.14
13
—
—
—


LNU881
78373.2
91.7
L
40
11.5
L
40
5.96
0.01
19


LNU823
78136.4
87.2
L
33
10.9
L
33
5.68
0.05
14


LNU816
78957.1
76.3
0.04
17
9.54
0.04
17
5.42
0.02
9


LNU816
78958.4
86.4
L
32
10.8
L
32
5.60
L
12


LNU816
78958.7
96.1
0.02
47
12.0
0.02
47
6.27
0.01
26


LNU809
79168.3
77.9
0.14
19
9.74
0.14
19
5.46
0.18
9


LNU809
79169.2
78.2
0.17
20
9.77
0.17
20
5.32
0.21
7


LNU783
79176.3
74.1
0.14
13
9.26
0.14
13
—
—
—


LNU783
79176.6
77.0
0.03
18
9.62
0.03
18
5.44
0.08
9


LNU783
79178.4
70.3
0.27
7
8.79
0.27
7
5.54
L
11


LNU782
77441.1
84.1
L
29
10.5
L
29
5.45
L
9


LNU782
77444.10
73.5
0.15
12
9.19
0.15
12
5.17
0.23
4


LNU782
77444.9
91.8
0.07
40
11.5
0.07
40
6.19
0.03
24


LNU772
78937.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.22
0.26
5


LNU772
78938.1
96.4
L
47
12.1
L
47
6.07
L
22


LNU772
78938.2
73.9
0.12
13
9.23
0.12
13
5.29
0.02
6


LNU772
78940.2
78.9
0.04
21
9.87
0.04
21
5.43
0.12
9


LNU762
79329.2
80.9
L
24
10.1
L
24
5.50
L
10


LNU757
77481.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.12
0.23
3


LNU757
77483.3
74.8
0.05
14
9.34
0.05
14
5.40
L
8


CONT.
—
65.4
—
—
8.18
—
—
4.99
—
—


LNU907
78872.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.68
0.11
9


LNU907
78872.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.32
0.21
2


LNU882
78973.1
78.8
L
10
9.85
L
10
5.48
L
5


LNU882
78973.4
85.5
0.23
20
10.7
0.23
20
5.74
0.17
10


LNU871
78195.4
77.2
L
8
9.66
L
8
5.37
0.07
3


LNU865
79761.7
80.8
L
13
10.1
L
13
5.49
0.14
5


LNU847
78968.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.41
0.07
4


LNU845
78917.3
75.2
0.29
5
9.40
0.29
5
5.34
0.11
2


LNU835
78186.2
76.3
0.10
7
9.54
0.10
7
—
—
—


LNU835
78189.1
73.5
0.26
3
9.19
0.26
3
5.34
0.27
2


LNU807
79250.1
81.1
0.15
13
10.1
0.15
13
5.50
L
6


LNU766
78931.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.31
0.28
2


LNU766
78931.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.49
0.26
5


LNU766
78932.1
88.4
0.16
24
11.1
0.16
24
5.78
0.16
11


CONT.
—
71.6
—
—
8.94
—
—
5.21
—
—


LNU975
80622.1
62.2
0.11
26
7.78
0.11
26
4.99
0.19
11


LNU975
80624.5
56.3
L
14
7.04
L
14
4.62
0.14
3


LNU971
78395.1
57.1
L
15
7.14
L
15
4.82
L
7


LNU971
78395.2
60.4
L
22
7.55
L
22
5.02
L
12


LNU964
80548.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.58
0.26
2


LNU960
78600.3
60.4
0.06
22
7.55
0.06
22
4.91
0.03
9


LNU957
80437.8
52.0
0.13
5
6.50
0.13
5
4.70
0.07
5


LNU955
80432.4
53.8
0.07
9
6.72
0.07
9
4.58
0.28
2


LNU953
80427.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.76
0.29
6


LNU949
80553.7
55.9
L
13
6.99
L
13
4.64
0.15
3


LNU949
80553.8
55.1
0.09
11
6.89
0.09
11
4.74
0.02
5


LNU949
80557.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.94
0.21
10


LNU946
80648.2
52.2
0.24
5
6.52
0.24
5
—
—
—


LNU944
79781.6
53.2
0.03
8
6.65
0.03
8
4.68
0.02
4


LNU928
78213.1
53.7
0.28
9
6.71
0.28
9
4.67
0.05
4


LNU917
77500.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.79
0.27
7


LNU917
77500.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.82
0.06
7


LNU906
79219.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.61
0.15
3


LNU906
79219.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.69
0.08
4


LNU904
78987.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.68
0.19
4


LNU901
80474.1
57.2
L
16
7.15
L
16
4.77
L
6


LNU901
80474.5
53.2
0.04
8
6.65
0.04
8
4.66
0.04
4


LNU901
80476.5
59.5
0.16
20
7.44
0.16
20
4.81
0.17
7


LNU899
79765.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.75
0.13
6


LNU899
79766.2
52.3
0.17
6
6.54
0.17
6
—
—
—


LNU899
79766.3
55.1
0.02
11
6.89
0.02
11
—
—
—


LNU897
80445.2
69.1
L
40
8.63
L
40
5.15
L
15


LNU892
80410.1
54.1
0.17
9
6.77
0.17
9
—
—
—


LNU892
80414.5
53.5
0.02
8
6.68
0.02
8
4.63
0.09
3


LNU884
80405.3
58.0
L
17
7.25
L
17
4.74
L
6


LNU874
78366.3
61.6
L
24
7.70
L
24
5.05
L
12


LNU874
78370.1
56.4
L
14
7.05
L
14
4.80
0.25
7


LNU874
78370.3
56.6
L
14
7.08
L
14
4.82
L
7


LNU873
80469.3
53.2
0.28
8
6.65
0.28
8
—
—
—


LNU873
80473.3
55.1
0.09
11
6.88
0.09
11
4.62
0.14
3


LNU873
80473.6
54.4
0.10
10
6.79
0.10
10
4.68
0.24
4


LNU870
78501.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.70
0.03
5


LNU870
78505.5
53.7
0.15
9
6.72
0.15
9
4.64
0.12
3


LNU867
79590.4
61.1
0.13
23
7.63
0.13
23
4.89
L
9


LNU867
79590.7
58.6
L
18
7.32
L
18
4.93
0.13
10


LNU866
80443.2
52.9
0.04
7
6.62
0.04
7
—
—
—


LNU862
79755.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.69
0.28
4


LNU862
79757.1
54.9
0.16
11
6.87
0.16
11
4.82
0.27
7


LNU862
79758.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.69
0.09
4


LNU862
79758.5
70.4
L
42
8.80
L
42
5.41
L
20


LNU856
79753.3
55.3
L
12
6.91
L
12
4.79
L
7


LNU831
79331.7
67.1
0.08
35
8.38
0.08
35
5.18
L
15


LNU829
77912.3
58.6
0.23
18
7.33
0.23
18
4.98
0.22
11


LNU829
77914.2
55.7
0.25
13
6.96
0.25
13
4.78
L
6


LNU817
80599.2
53.0
0.03
7
6.62
0.03
7
—
—
—


LNU800
77896.1
59.7
L
21
7.46
L
21
4.84
0.06
8


LNU800
77896.4
53.7
0.05
8
6.71
0.05
8
4.76
0.16
6


LNU799
78672.7
57.7
0.03
17
7.21
0.03
17
4.84
0.11
8


LNU799
78674.5
60.7
0.08
23
7.59
0.08
23
4.94
0.13
10


LNU794
78522.1
61.8
0.18
25
7.73
0.18
25
4.81
0.15
7


LNU794
78524.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.95
0.30
10


LNU794
78524.5
58.6
0.24
18
7.33
0.24
18
4.93
0.20
10


LNU794
78525.2
56.8
L
15
7.10
L
15
4.72
L
5


LNU792
79161.2
51.6
0.28
4
6.45
0.28
4
—
—
—


LNU778
78944.5
63.7
L
29
7.96
L
29
5.16
L
15


LNU773
80399.1
57.2
0.01
16
7.16
0.01
16
4.79
0.23
7


LNU763
77588.6
64.2
L
30
8.02
L
30
4.83
0.05
8


LNU758
79739.10
63.0
0.15
27
7.88
0.15
27
—
—
—


LNU753
77141.2
56.3
L
14
7.03
L
14
4.77
L
6


LNU753
77143.3
57.6
0.02
16
7.19
0.02
16
4.79
0.07
7


LNU753
77144.1
56.0
L
13
7.00
L
13
4.80
L
7


LNU749
80792.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
4.76
0.17
6


LNU749
80792.3
54.1
0.09
9
6.76
0.09
9
4.66
0.07
4


CONT.
—
49.5
—
—
6.19
—
—
4.49
—
—


LNU970
78390.3
101.4
0.22
8
12.7
0.22
8
—
—
—


LNU893
77154.4
105.3
0.09
12
13.2
0.09
12
5.96
0.18
6


LNU885
78416.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.04
0.24
7


LNU790
78890.1
121.6
L
29
15.2
L
29
6.42
0.01
14


CONT.
—
94.1
—
—
11.8
—
—
5.64
—
—


LNU947
77448.4
104.8
L
33
13.1
L
31
5.95
L
12


LNU940
77811.6
90.4
0.27
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU940
77813.1
96.4
0.01
23
12.0
L
21
5.73
0.03
8


LNU900
78851.3
94.7
0.07
20
11.8
0.09
19
5.60
0.10
6


LNU898
78983.4
96.3
0.10
23
12.0
0.13
21
5.81
0.05
10


LNU894
78283.4
85.5
0.25
9
10.7
0.28
7
5.49
0.25
4


LNU894
78283.7
102.3
L
30
12.8
L
28
5.96
L
13


LNU846
78436.2
87.5
0.26
11
10.9
0.30
10
—
—
—


LNU846
78439.4
103.6
0.07
32
13.0
0.09
30
6.04
0.08
14


LNU820
77807.2
89.2
0.22
14
11.2
0.26
12
—
—
—


LNU820
77809.1
86.5
0.15
10
10.8
0.15
8
—
—
—


LNU815
77492.6
85.2
0.22
8
10.7
0.23
7
—
—
—


LNU815
77494.1
103.8
0.02
32
13.0
0.03
30
5.94
L
12


LNU814
78953.2
84.6
0.25
8
10.6
0.27
6
—
—
—


LNU811
78176.8
86.8
0.22
10
10.9
0.24
9
—
—
—


LNU811
78179.1
97.6
0.22
24
12.2
0.25
22
5.78
0.25
9


LNU811
78180.3
85.4
0.21
9
10.7
0.22
7
—
—
—


LNU797
78025.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.59
0.16
6


LNU793
78168.1
87.7
0.11
11
11.0
0.10
10
—
—
—


LNU793
78169.1
85.3
0.21
8
10.7
0.21
7
—
—
—


LNU769
78163.4
85.6
0.23
9
10.7
0.25
7
—
—
—


LNU756
77581.3
90.6
0.06
15
11.3
0.05
14
5.51
0.18
4


LNU751
77478.3
90.0
0.10
14
11.3
0.12
13
—
—
—


CONT.
—
78.6
—
—
9.97
—
—
5.30
—
—


LNU965
78360.5
112.4
0.02
20
14.0
0.06
18
—
—
—


LNU943
78407.2
110.0
0.10
17
13.8
0.15
15
—
—
—


LNU913
78593.1
115.2
0.01
23
14.4
0.04
21
6.19
0.07
8


LNU833
78184.1
101.4
0.07
8
12.7
0.09
6
5.85
0.14
2


LNU764
78926.1
103.8
0.01
11
13.0
L
9
5.97
0.18
4


CONT.
—
93.7
—
—
11.9
—
—
5.75
—
—





“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.”—Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


′′p-val.′′—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.






The genes listed in Table 125 improved plant NUE when grown at limiting nitrogen concentration levels. These genes produced faster developing plants when grown under limiting nitrogen growth conditions, compared to control plants, grown under identical conditions as measured by growth rate of leaf number, rosette diameter and plot coverage.







TABLE 125







Genes showing improved rosette growth performance at limiting nitrogen 


growth conditions













RGR Of Leaf 
RGR Of Plot 
RGR Of Rosette 




Number
Coverage [cm2/day]
Diameter [cm/day]




















P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Gene Name
Event #
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU952
78218.1
—
—
—
5.74
0.18
17
0.354
0.12
13


LNU952
78219.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.345
0.23
10


LNU945
78998.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.347
0.20
10


LNU920
78507.1
—
—
—
6.13
0.06
25
0.377
0.03
20


LNU920
78508.1
—
—
—
5.90
0.10
20
—
—
—


LNU920
78508.2
—
—
—
6.12
0.05
25
0.372
0.02
18


LNU916
78208.3
—
—
—
5.84
0.15
19
0.349
0.19
11


LNU914
80516.2
—
—
—
5.79
0.15
18
0.356
0.09
13


LNU914
80516.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.344
0.24
10


LNU911
80424.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.349
0.16
11


LNU905
79674.3
—
—
—
5.56
0.28
13
0.349
0.21
11


LNU905
79675.3
—
—
—
6.01
0.08
23
0.369
0.03
17


LNU840
78676.1
—
—
—
5.78
0.15
18
0.368
0.04
17


LNU840
78676.4
—
—
—
6.08
0.06
24
0.346
0.21
10


LNU834_H1
80402.7
—
—
—
5.61
0.26
14
0.348
0.20
11


LNU832_H2
80605.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.348
0.22
11


LNU819
78133.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.342
0.26
9


LNU791
77893.1
—
—
—
6.26
0.04
28
0.381
0.01
21


LNU791
77893.2
—
—
—
5.77
0.16
18
0.357
0.09
14


LNU760_H1
80127.2
—
—
—
6.04
0.08
23
0.358
0.09
14


CONT.
—
—
—
—
4.90
—
—
0.314
—
—


LNU966
78604.1
0.819
0.23
12
9.03
0.03
29
—
—
—


LNU966
78605.5
0.839
0.15
15
9.63
L
38
0.374
0.25
11


LNU966
78605.7
—
—
—
8.64
0.04
24
0.375
0.23
11


LNU941
78611.1
0.833
0.13
14
8.08
0.16
16
—
—
—


LNU941
78613.1
—
—
—
8.95
0.02
28
0.381
0.17
13


LNU941
78613.5
—
—
—
8.12
0.22
16
—
—
—


LNU941
78615.3
0.812
0.28
11
8.86
0.02
27
0.376
0.22
11


LNU925
78992.1
—
—
—
9.16
0.02
31
0.385
0.16
14


LNU925
78992.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.371
0.29
10


LNU922
78290.1
0.833
0.18
14
8.73
0.05
25
—
—
—


LNU918
78433.1
0.805
0.22
10
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU918
78433.2
—
—
—
8.28
0.13
18
—
—
—


LNU918
78433.3
—
—
—
8.35
0.08
20
—
—
—


LNU918
78433.8
0.841
0.08
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU918
78434.2
—
—
—
7.84
0.27
12
0.375
0.22
11


LNU915
78426.1
—
—
—
8.47
0.07
21
0.375
0.24
11


LNU915
78427.1
—
—
—
8.24
0.14
18
—
—
—


LNU915
78428.1
0.880
0.03
21
9.41
L
35
—
—
—


LNU915
78428.2
0.812
0.20
11
7.87
0.26
13
—
—
—


LNU909
78424.3
0.832
0.12
14
8.23
0.13
18
—
—
—


LNU909
78425.4
0.802
0.26
10
8.36
0.11
20
—
—
—


LNU909
78425.5
0.858
0.09
18
9.77
L
40
0.390
0.15
16


LNU909
78425.7
—
—
—
8.12
0.16
16
—
—
—


LNU890
78202.1
0.871
0.05
19
8.89
0.02
27
—
—
—


LNU854
78238.1
—
—
—
8.07
0.18
16
—
—
—


LNU854
78240.1
—
—
—
8.49
0.10
22
0.383
0.24
14


LNU849
78498.4
—
—
—
8.44
0.06
21
—
—
—


LNU849
78499.1
—
—
—
8.31
0.10
19
—
—
—


LNU849
78500.3
—
—
—
8.66
0.07
24
0.380
0.24
13


LNU830
78741.3
—
—
—
8.18
0.15
17
0.378
0.22
12


LNU830
78741.5
0.917
0.05
26
9.41
L
35
0.379
0.22
12


LNU824
77826.1
0.877
0.07
20
9.81
L
40
0.403
0.06
20


LNU824
77828.4
—
—
—
8.21
0.13
17
—
—
—


LNU824
77829.3
—
—
—
8.66
0.04
24
—
—
—


LNU822
78623.2
—
—
—
9.81
L
40
0.398
0.13
18


LNU822
78623.6
0.809
0.27
11
10.5
L
50
0.418
0.02
24


LNU822
78623.7
0.817
0.23
12
8.88
0.03
27
0.379
0.20
13


LNU822
78625.2
0.828
0.28
13
9.05
0.03
29
0.381
0.23
13


LNU822
78625.7
—
—
—
8.20
0.16
17
—
—
—


LNU813
77682.3
—
—
—
9.07
0.02
30
0.399
0.07
18


LNU806
78514.2
—
—
—
10.4
L
48
0.428
L
27


LNU806
78515.3
—
—
—
8.21
0.12
18
—
—
—


LNU806
78515.4
0.876
0.04
20
8.08
0.17
16
—
—
—


LNU806
78515.5
0.895
0.05
23
8.97
0.02
28
—
—
—


LNU802
80307.3
—
—
—
7.86
0.26
13
—
—
—


LNU802
80309.2
—
—
—
7.87
0.28
13
—
—
—


LNU802
80309.3
—
—
—
8.00
0.21
15
—
—
—


LNU802
80310.1
—
—
—
8.08
0.17
16
—
—
—


LNU779
77887.2
0.822
0.18
13
9.09
0.01
30
0.377
0.23
12


LNU761
78157.6
0.828
0.20
13
8.18
0.14
17
—
—
—


LNU761
78159.1
—
—
—
7.91
0.25
13
—
—
—


LNU761
78160.3
0.848
0.12
16
9.99
L
43
0.410
0.03
22


CONT.
—
0.730
—
—
6.99
—
—
0.337
—
—


LNU976
78364.1
—
—
—
5.53
L
48
0.334
0.01
27


LNU970
78388.1
—
—
—
4.43
0.15
18
—
—
—


LNU970
78389.8
0.669
0.27
14
5.28
L
41
0.299
0.20
13


LNU968
77919.4
—
—
—
4.44
0.15
19
—
—
—


LNU963
78383.4
—
—
—
4.46
0.14
19
—
—
—


LNU962
78635.8
0.666
0.27
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU950
78913.4
—
—
—
4.81
0.03
29
0.297
0.24
13


LNU950
78915.2
—
—
—
4.35
0.20
16
—
—
—


LNU949
80553.5
—
—
—
4.56
0.11
22
0.299
0.23
14


LNU949
80553.8
—
—
—
4.80
0.03
28
—
—
—


LNU949
80557.4
—
—
—
4.25
0.30
14
—
—
—


LNU934
79008.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.297
0.22
13


LNU908
79738.5
0.670
0.28
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU902
79606.5
—
—
—
4.51
0.12
21
—
—
—


LNU875
78413.4
—
—
—
4.40
0.19
18
—
—
—


LNU873
80473.4
—
—
—
4.40
0.20
18
0.300
0.21
14


LNU843
78962.4
—
—
—
4.61
0.08
23
—
—
—


LNU843
78963.2
—
—
—
4.35
0.20
16
—
—
—


LNU790
78886.2
0.697
0.16
18
4.94
0.02
32
—
—
—


LNU790
78886.3
0.677
0.27
15
4.25
0.28
14
0.292
0.30
11


LNU790
78889.2
0.686
0.21
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU787
80547.7
0.721
0.09
22
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU767
79146.1
0.695
0.20
18
5.12
L
37
0.302
0.17
15


LNU767
79146.2
—
—
—
4.43
0.15
19
0.300
0.18
14


CONT.
—
0.589
—
—
3.74
—
—
0.263
—
—


LNU966
78605.5
0.819
0.20
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU941
78614.2
—
—
—
13.8
0.19
23
—
—
—


LNU922
78287.3
0.798
0.26
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU915
78428.2
0.807
0.26
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU854
78237.2
—
—
—
14.2
0.14
27
—
—
—


LNU830
78741.5
—
—
—
13.3
0.28
19
—
—
—


LNU813
77685.1
—
—
—
13.6
0.21
22
—
—
—


LNU751
77477.1
0.878
0.07
25
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.702
—
—
11.2
—
—
—
—
—


LNU948
78378.1
—
—
—
10.5
0.04
22
—
—
—


LNU888
78771.1
—
—
—
10.7
0.05
25
0.481
0.05
24


LNU881
78372.2
—
—
—
9.74
0.19
13
—
—
—


LNU857
78867.2
—
—
—
9.70
0.23
13
—
—
—


LNU816
78958.5
—
—
—
10.9
0.02
26
0.481
0.02
24


LNU816
78958.7
—
—
—
10.4
0.05
21
0.449
0.10
16


LNU809
79168.2
—
—
—
10.1
0.15
17
—
—
—


LNU809
79168.3
—
—
—
9.60
0.28
11
0.430
0.26
11


LNU807
79248.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.430
0.24
11


LNU795
79525.1
—
—
—
9.66
0.24
12
—
—
—


LNU795
79525.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.429
0.23
11


LNU788
78516.1
—
—
—
10.8
0.02
25
0.454
0.14
17


LNU788
78518.1
—
—
—
12.2
L
41
0.466
0.04
20


LNU783
79178.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.446
0.19
15


LNU778
78941.1
—
—
—
10.0
0.15
16
—
—
—


LNU778
78944.2
—
—
—
9.86
0.16
14
0.432
0.22
12


LNU752
78153.10
—
—
—
11.1
0.03
29
0.503
0.01
30


CONT.
—
—
—
—
8.61
—
—
0.388
—
—


LNU933
78897.1
0.890
0.12
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU882
78975.3
0.863
0.23
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU880
78196.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.490
0.30
9


LNU880
78200.6
—
—
—
12.0
0.15
21
0.502
0.18
11


LNU848
77906.2
—
—
—
11.6
0.24
17
—
—
—


LNU848
77907.4
0.866
0.18
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU847
78967.2
0.892
0.13
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU847
78967.4
0.858
0.23
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU846
78436.2
0.938
0.04
23
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU846
78438.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.502
0.16
11


LNU846
78439.4
0.852
0.26
12
13.1
0.02
32
0.506
0.13
12


LNU828
77598.3
0.876
0.16
15
12.0
0.14
21
0.512
0.11
14


LNU814
78953.3
0.885
0.15
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU814
78955.4
0.865
0.23
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU772
78937.4
0.849
0.29
11
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU772
78938.1
—
—
—
13.0
0.04
31
0.500
0.21
11


LNU772
78940.2
0.861
0.26
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU757
77485.4
—
—
—
11.6
0.23
17
—
—
—


LNU750
78863.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.493
0.23
9


CONT.
—
0.762
—
—
9.91
—
—
0.451
—
—


LNU972
78907.1
—
—
—
9.59
0.11
22
—
—
—


LNU972
78908.2
0.810
0.24
14
9.30
0.17
18
0.443
0.13
13


LNU972
78909.3
0.862
0.08
22
10.8
0.01
38
0.481
0.02
23


LNU961
79143.3
—
—
—
9.64
0.10
23
0.455
0.07
16


LNU961
79143.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.438
0.18
12


LNU961
79145.3
0.801
0.27
13
9.44
0.14
20
0.443
0.13
13


LNU961
79145.6
0.806
0.26
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU958
77687.2
0.893
0.05
26
10.5
0.02
33
0.492
L
26


LNU958
77687.5
—
—
—
9.85
0.06
25
0.448
0.10
14


LNU958
77689.1
—
—
—
10.2
0.03
30
0.479
0.02
22


LNU958
77689.2
—
—
—
9.40
0.15
20
0.440
0.17
12


LNU948
78378.1
0.810
0.26
14
10.0
0.04
28
0.472
0.02
20


LNU948
78379.4
—
—
—
9.34
0.17
19
0.437
0.20
12


LNU948
78380.2
0.836
0.14
18
10.1
0.04
29
0.443
0.14
13


LNU921
79063.2
0.889
0.04
25
10.1
0.04
28
0.445
0.12
14


LNU921
79064.3
0.806
0.28
14
—
—
—
0.433
0.23
11


LNU913
78592.1
—
—
—
9.58
0.11
22
—
—
—


LNU913
78592.3
0.798
0.29
13
9.17
0.22
17
—
—
—


LNU913
78592.4
—
—
—
10.4
0.02
32
0.454
0.09
16


LNU913
78593.1
0.831
0.16
17
10.4
0.02
32
0.452
0.08
16


LNU913
78593.6
—
—
—
11.1
L
42
0.482
0.01
23


LNU912
78401.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.431
0.28
10


LNU912
78403.2
—
—
—
10.1
0.04
28
0.462
0.05
18


LNU912
78404.1
0.806
0.25
14
9.74
0.08
24
0.441
0.16
13


LNU889
79601.4
—
—
—
9.11
0.23
16
0.433
0.23
11


LNU889
79602.4
0.802
0.29
13
9.30
0.19
18
—
—
—


LNU888
78772.2
0.804
0.30
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU881
78372.2
0.833
0.15
18
10.9
L
39
0.471
0.02
20


LNU881
78373.1
0.846
0.12
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU881
78373.2
0.831
0.20
17
10.8
0.01
37
0.466
0.04
19


LNU823
78136.4
0.856
0.10
21
10.5
0.02
34
0.466
0.04
19


LNU816
78957.1
—
—
—
9.02
0.27
15
—
—
—


LNU816
78958.4
—
—
—
10.5
0.01
34
0.455
0.07
16


LNU816
78958.7
—
—
—
11.3
L
44
0.497
L
27


LNU809
79168.3
—
—
—
9.38
0.17
19
0.456
0.07
16


LNU809
79169.2
—
—
—
9.42
0.15
20
0.444
0.13
13


LNU783
79176.3
—
—
—
9.01
0.27
15
—
—
—


LNU783
79176.6
—
—
—
9.33
0.16
19
0.445
0.13
14


LNU783
79178.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.462
0.04
18


LNU782
77441.1
0.884
0.07
25
10.1
0.04
29
0.428
0.28
9


LNU782
77444.10
0.812
0.23
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU782
77444.2
0.798
0.29
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU782
77444.9
—
—
—
10.9
L
39
0.509
L
30


LNU772
78938.1
0.945
0.02
33
11.7
L
49
0.506
L
29


LNU772
78940.2
—
—
—
9.42
0.14
20
—
—
—


LNU762
79329.2
—
—
—
9.70
0.09
23
0.440
0.15
12


LNU757
77481.1
0.857
0.09
21
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU757
77483.2
0.820
0.21
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU757
77483.3
0.832
0.16
17
—
—
—
0.447
0.12
14


CONT.
—
0.708
—
—
7.85
—
—
0.391
—
—


LNU882
78973.4
—
—
—
10.2
0.09
18
0.449
0.25
8


LNU807
79250.1
—
—
—
9.82
0.18
14
—
—
—


LNU766
78932.1
—
—
—
10.6
0.04
22
—
—
—


CONT.
—
—
—
—
8.64
—
—
0.416
—
—


LNU975
80622.1
—
—
—
7.90
L
28
0.416
0.05
16


LNU975
80624.5
0.743
0.20
19
7.02
0.14
14
—
—
—


LNU971
78395.1
—
—
—
7.01
0.16
14
—
—
—


LNU971
78395.2
—
—
—
7.28
0.06
18
0.400
0.13
12


LNU960
78599.4
0.725
0.28
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU960
78600.3
—
—
—
7.49
0.03
22
0.400
0.13
12


LNU957
80435.3
0.723
0.30
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU955
80432.3
0.735
0.24
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU955
80432.4
—
—
—
6.83
0.25
11
—
—
—


LNU953
80429.1
0.722
0.30
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU949
80553.7
—
—
—
6.94
0.19
13
—
—
—


LNU949
80557.4
—
—
—
7.12
0.12
16
0.396
0.19
11


LNU928
78212.1
0.818
0.04
31
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU928
78213.1
—
—
—
6.82
0.25
11
—
—
—


LNU923
77603.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.391
0.24
9


LNU917
77500.4
—
—
—
6.91
0.25
12
—
—
—


LNU906
79219.5
0.743
0.21
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU904
78987.2
0.775
0.11
25
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU901
80476.5
—
—
—
7.41
0.04
20
—
—
—


LNU899
79765.4
—
—
—
6.88
0.22
12
0.395
0.18
10


LNU899
79766.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.390
0.28
9


LNU897
80445.2
—
—
—
8.64
L
40
0.431
0.01
20


LNU892
80410.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.393
0.23
10


LNU884
80405.3
—
—
—
7.35
0.04
19
—
—
—


LNU884
80407.1
—
—
—
7.09
0.13
15
—
—
—


LNU884
80408.2
—
—
—
7.12
0.15
16
—
—
—


LNU884
80408.4
—
—
—
7.10
0.13
15
0.395
0.21
10


LNU874
78366.3
—
—
—
7.47
0.03
21
0.402
0.11
12


LNU874
78370.1
—
—
—
7.03
0.13
14
—
—
—


LNU874
78370.3
—
—
—
7.05
0.12
15
0.398
0.15
11


LNU874
78370.7
0.727
0.28
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU873
80469.1
0.771
0.12
24
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU873
80473.3
—
—
—
6.91
0.19
12
—
—
—


LNU873
80473.6
—
—
—
6.88
0.21
12
0.400
0.13
12


LNU870
78501.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.398
0.15
11


LNU870
78505.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.401
0.14
12


LNU867
79589.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.389
0.27
9


LNU867
79590.3
0.746
0.22
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU867
79590.4
—
—
—
7.30
0.07
18
—
—
—


LNU867
79590.7
—
—
—
7.30
0.05
19
0.405
0.10
13


LNU866
80442.2
0.734
0.25
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU866
80443.2
0.752
0.17
21
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU866
80444.6
—
—
—
6.87
0.24
12
—
—
—


LNU862
79757.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.391
0.26
9


LNU862
79758.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.392
0.22
10


LNU862
79758.5
—
—
—
8.82
L
43
0.459
L
28


LNU856
79753.3
—
—
—
6.80
0.26
10
—
—
—


LNU856
79753.5
0.742
0.21
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU831
79331.7
—
—
—
8.43
L
37
0.428
0.01
20


LNU831
79335.2
0.783
0.10
26
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU829
77912.3
—
—
—
7.24
0.07
18
0.399
0.16
11


LNU829
77914.1
0.774
0.11
24
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU829
77914.2
—
—
—
6.90
0.21
12
0.398
0.15
11


LNU817
80598.1
—
—
—
6.81
0.28
11
—
—
—


LNU800
77896.1
—
—
—
7.38
0.04
20
—
—
—


LNU799
78672.5
0.725
0.29
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU799
78672.7
—
—
—
7.09
0.11
15
—
—
—


LNU799
78674.2
—
—
—
7.03
0.15
14
—
—
—


LNU799
78674.5
—
—
—
7.50
0.02
22
0.406
0.10
13


LNU796
78235.5
0.755
0.16
21
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU794
78522.1
—
—
—
7.67
0.02
25
—
—
—


LNU794
78524.1
—
—
—
7.85
0.01
28
0.399
0.18
11


LNU794
78524.5
—
—
—
7.30
0.06
19
0.392
0.24
9


LNU794
78525.2
—
—
—
7.14
0.09
16
—
—
—


LNU792
79161.2
0.778
0.11
25
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU792
79162.2
0.720
0.30
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU778
78943.5
0.778
0.10
25
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU778
78944.1
0.841
0.03
35
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU778
78944.5
—
—
—
8.11
L
32
0.432
L
21


LNU773
80399.1
—
—
—
6.96
0.16
13
—
—
—


LNU771
80077.2
—
—
—
6.83
0.28
11
0.403
0.12
13


LNU763
77588.6
—
—
—
7.62
0.02
24
—
—
—


LNU763
77589.3
0.725
0.28
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU758
79739.10
—
—
—
7.84
L
27
0.400
0.17
12


LNU753
77141.2
—
—
—
6.90
0.20
12
—
—
—


LNU753
77143.3
—
—
—
7.23
0.06
17
—
—
—


LNU753
77144.1
—
—
—
6.88
0.21
12
0.387
0.29
8


CONT.
—
0.622
—
—
6.16
—
—
0.358
—
—


LNU790
78890.1
—
—
—
14.8
0.04
29
0.510
0.25
13


CONT.
—
—
—
—
11.5
—
—
0.452
—
—


LNU947
77448.4
—
—
—
12.6
0.02
32
—
—
—


LNU940
77813.1
—
—
—
12.1
0.06
26
0.470
0.21
13


LNU900
78851.3
—
—
—
11.3
0.19
18
—
—
—


LNU898
78983.4
—
—
—
11.7
0.11
23
0.468
0.23
13


LNU894
78283.7
—
—
—
12.4
0.04
29
—
—
—


LNU846
78439.4
—
—
—
12.5
0.03
31
0.468
0.23
13


LNU815
77494.1
—
—
—
12.7
0.02
33
—
—
—


LNU811
78179.1
—
—
—
11.8
0.10
24
—
—
—


LNU756
77581.3
—
—
—
11.0
0.27
15
—
—
—


LNU751
77477.4
0.941
0.11
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU751
77478.3
—
—
—
11.1
0.23
16
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.800
—
—
9.56
—
—
0.415
—
—


LNU965
78360.5
—
—
—
13.7
0.11
20
0.534
0.16
10


LNU943
78407.2
—
—
—
13.4
0.16
17
—
—
—


LNU913
78593.1
—
—
—
14.0
0.07
23
—
—
—


CONT.
—
—
—
—
11.4
—
—
0.487
—
—





“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.”—Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


′′p-val.′′—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.






The genes listed in Tables 126-127 improved plant NUE when grown at standard nitrogen concentration levels. These genes produced larger plants with a larger photosynthetic area and increased biomass (fresh weight, dry weight, leaf number, rosette diameter, rosette area and plot coverage) when grown under standard nitrogen conditions as compared to control plants grown under identical growth conditions.







TABLE 126







Genes showing improved plant biomass production at standard nitrogen 


growth conditions













Dry Weight [mg]
Fresh Weight [mg]
Leaf Number

















Gene
Event 

P-
%

P-
%

P-
%


Name
#
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU966
78605.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.07
5


LNU941
78611.1
—
—
—
3018.8
0.07
7
—
—
—


LNU941
78613.1
—
—
—
2987.5
0.15
5
11.9
0.30
2


LNU941
78614.2
—
—
—
3137.5
L
11
—
—
—


LNU941
78615.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.1
L
13


LNU925
78991.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.6
0.03
8


LNU925
78992.1
230.6
0.28
4
3031.2
0.21
7
12.2
0.28
6


LNU925
78992.6
—
—
—
2957.1
0.17
4
—
—
—


LNU922
78290.1
—
—
—
2943.8
0.27
4
12.9
0.11
11


LNU918
78433.3
238.6
0.23
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU918
78433.8
—
—
—
3156.2
0.06
11
—
—
—


LNU918
78434.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.5
0.19
8


LNU915
78426.1
236.2
0.25
7
—
—
—
12.4
0.04
7


LNU915
78428.1
242.5
0.30
10
3131.2
0.13
11
12.3
0.06
6


LNU915
78428.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.05
5


LNU909
78424.3
236.2
0.16
7
—
—
—
12.9
L
12


LNU909
78425.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.6
L
9


LNU909
78425.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
L
7


LNU890
78202.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.3
0.01
6


LNU854
78238.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.0
0.15
4


LNU849
78498.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.10
7


LNU849
78499.1
—
—
—
2981.2
0.27
5
—
—
—


LNU849
78500.3
234.4
0.16
6
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU830
78741.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.0
0.11
4


LNU830
78741.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.07
5


LNU824
77826.1
235.6
0.11
6
—
—
—
12.6
0.16
9


LNU822
78623.2
—
—
—
2943.8
0.22
4
12.8
0.01
11


LNU822
78623.6
—
—
—
2937.5
0.25
4
11.9
0.30
2


LNU822
78625.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.17
3


LNU822
78625.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.05
5


LNU813
77682.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.7
0.19
9


LNU806
78515.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.9
L
12


LNU806
78515.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.2
0.15
6


LNU802
80310.1
239.4
0.07
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU779
77887.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
0.17
4


LNU779
77887.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.6
0.12
8


LNU761
78159.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.29
3


LNU761
78160.3
235.0
0.19
6
—
—
—
12.5
0.08
8


CONT.
—
221.4
—
—
2832.1
—
—
11.6
—
—


LNU976
78364.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.75
0.11
5


LNU976
78364.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.75
0.11
5


LNU976
78364.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.69
0.22
5


LNU843
78962.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.56
0.25
3


LNU790
78890.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.81
0.28
6


CONT.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
9.27
—
—


LNU966
78605.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.02
8


LNU941
78613.1
403.2
0.03
14
5655.4
0.16
19
11.5
0.15
4


LNU941
78614.2
—
—
—
5047.3
0.24
6
12.1
0.04
10


LNU941
78615.3
377.9
0.24
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU915
78427.1
—
—
—
5133.3
0.12
8
—
—
—


LNU915
78428.1
373.8
0.27
5
5237.5
0.21
10
—
—
—


LNU915
78428.2
—
—
—
5231.2
0.17
10
—
—
—


LNU854
78238.1
—
—
—
5087.5
0.15
7
11.9
0.02
8


LNU849
78499.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.4
0.17
4


LNU849
78500.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.06
7


LNU830
78741.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.3
L
12


LNU830
78742.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.02
7


LNU813
77681.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.5
0.15
4


LNU806
78514.2
—
—
—
5231.2
0.08
10
11.4
0.26
4


LNU806
78515.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.5
0.27
4


LNU780
77489.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.15
5


LNU751
77477.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.4
0.23
3


LNU751
77480.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.18
5


CONT.
—
354.5
—
—
4755.4
—
—
11.0
—
—


LNU948
78376.3
240.0
L
32
2737.5
L
49
—
—
—


LNU948
78378.1
226.2
0.03
24
2212.5
0.13
20
11.8
0.05
5


LNU921
79063.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
L
8


LNU921
79064.2
257.5
0.02
41
2868.8
L
56
—
—
—


LNU921
79064.3
286.2
L
57
3000.0
L
63
11.8
0.23
6


LNU912
78402.3
231.9
0.04
27
2581.2
0.04
40
—
—
—


LNU912
78405.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.3
0.19
10


LNU889
79599.1
237.5
0.07
30
2681.2
0.04
46
12.1
0.18
8


LNU889
79602.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.30
7


LNU881
78373.1
231.2
0.02
27
2643.8
L
44
—
—
—


LNU881
78373.2
259.4
0.06
42
3143.8
0.03
71
11.9
0.13
6


LNU881
78374.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.0
0.01
7


LNU865
79761.2
267.5
L
47
3018.8
L
64
12.0
0.10
7


LNU865
79761.4
227.5
0.06
25
2618.8
0.17
42
12.0
L
7


LNU865
79761.7
281.2
L
54
3112.5
L
69
—
—
—


LNU857
78868.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.12
3


LNU831
79331.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.7
0.14
5


LNU831
79333.1
265.0
0.04
45
3087.5
L
68
—
—
—


LNU831
79333.2
258.5
L
42
2945.8
L
60
—
—
—


LNU816
78957.1
242.5
L
33
2956.2
L
61
—
—
—


LNU816
78958.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.03
6


LNU816
78958.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.13
6


LNU809
79168.5
229.4
0.23
26
2550.0
0.02
38
—
—
—


LNU807
79248.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.18
7


LNU807
79250.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.12
3


LNU795
79521.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.4
0.27
2


LNU795
79525.1
203.1
0.21
11
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU795
79525.4
265.6
L
46
2950.0
L
60
—
—
—


LNU788
78516.1
225.6
0.03
24
2437.5
0.03
32
—
—
—


LNU788
78517.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.08
11


LNU788
78517.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.03
6


LNU788
78518.1
238.8
0.17
31
2331.2
0.07
27
12.4
0.04
11


LNU788
78520.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.01
7


LNU783
79178.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.23
6


LNU778
78944.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.02
6


LNU778
78944.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.05
5


LNU762
79328.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.2
0.11
9


LNU762
79329.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.02
6


LNU752
78153.1
264.4
L
45
3043.8
L
65
12.1
L
8


LNU752
78155.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.0
0.10
7


CONT.
—
182.3
—
—
1841.3
—
—
11.2
—
—


LNU977
77991.4
—
—
—
4112.5
0.14
10
—
—
—


LNU977
78033.1
365.0
0.24
19
4481.2
0.24
20
—
—
—


LNU880
78196.1
342.5
0.02
12
4043.8
0.02
9
—
—
—


LNU880
78197.4
—
—
—
3981.2
0.03
7
—
—
—


LNU871
78191.1
319.4
0.24
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU871
78191.3
326.2
0.20
7
4243.8
L
14
—
—
—


LNU848
77906.2
—
—
—
4100.0
0.29
10
—
—
—


LNU848
77909.2
—
—
—
3987.5
0.08
7
—
—
—


LNU848
77909.5
—
—
—
4031.2
0.09
8
—
—
—


LNU846
78438.1
322.1
0.18
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU845
78920.1
—
—
—
4000.0
0.02
7
—
—
—


LNU828
77600.4
331.9
0.23
9
4100.0
0.07
10
—
—
—


LNU823
78122.2
321.2
0.19
5
3918.8
0.10
5
—
—
—


LNU823
78136.1
327.5
0.28
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU823
78136.4
320.8
0.30
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU823
78137.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.3
0.11
6


LNU772
78937.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.03
3


LNU772
78938.1
331.9
0.06
9
—
—
—
12.8
0.01
10


LNU757
77481.1
—
—
—
4098.2
0.13
10
—
—
—


LNU757
77485.2
335.6
0.19
10
4081.2
0.28
10
—
—
—


LNU757
77485.4
338.1
0.02
11
4250.0
0.08
14
—
—
—


LNU750
78863.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.23
2


CONT.
—
305.5
—
—
3722.0
—
—
11.6
—
—


LNU972
78907.1
386.2
0.29
7
5068.8
0.04
10
11.9
0.02
6


LNU972
78909.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.5
0.29
11


LNU961
79143.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.6
0.24
2


LNU961
79145.3
396.9
0.24
9
5556.2
L
20
—
—
—


LNU961
79145.8
—
—
—
5037.5
0.05
9
—
—
—


LNU958
77687.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
L
9


LNU958
77687.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.5
0.05
11


LNU958
77689.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.0
0.02
6


LNU958
77689.2
—
—
—
5093.8
0.04
10
—
—
—


LNU948
78379.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
L
7


LNU948
78380.2
—
—
—
5275.0
0.16
14
12.3
L
9


LNU921
79063.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.5
L
11


LNU921
79064.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.05
5


LNU913
78592.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.1
L
7


LNU913
78592.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.16
9


LNU913
78592.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.1
0.26
16


LNU913
78593.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.1
L
16


LNU912
78403.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.0
0.02
6


LNU912
78404.1
406.9
L
12
5300.0
0.07
15
—
—
—


LNU888
78772.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.3
0.02
9


LNU881
78372.2
—
—
—
5393.8
0.19
17
—
—
—


LNU881
78373.1
406.2
L
12
5431.2
L
18
—
—
—


LNU881
78373.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.6
0.08
11


LNU881
78374.1
398.0
L
10
5265.2
L
14
12.4
0.06
9


LNU881
78374.4
—
—
—
5157.1
0.03
12
—
—
—


LNU823
78136.1
—
—
—
5000.0
0.06
8
—
—
—


LNU823
78136.4
391.2
0.03
8
5093.8
0.03
10
—
—
—


LNU823
78137.3
390.3
0.24
8
5273.2
0.01
14
—
—
—


LNU816
78957.1
—
—
—
5250.0
0.12
14
12.1
0.18
7


LNU816
78958.7
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.7
0.28
12


LNU809
79168.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.9
0.24
6


LNU782
77441.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.2
0.04
8


LNU782
77443.3
—
—
—
4943.8
0.12
7
—
—
—


LNU782
77444.9
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.6
0.20
12


LNU772
78937.4
—
—
—
4962.5
0.08
8
—
—
—


LNU772
78938.1
387.5
0.16
7
—
—
—
12.4
L
9


LNU772
78940.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.6
0.04
12


LNU762
79330.3
—
—
—
5019.6
0.22
9
—
—
—


LNU757
77481.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.5
0.05
11


LNU757
77483.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
11.8
0.14
5


LNU757
77485.2
—
—
—
4937.5
0.13
7
—
—
—


LNU757
77485.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.2
0.04
8


CONT.
—
362.5
—
—
4614.3
—
—
11.3
—
—


LNU933
78900.5
—
—
—
2568.8
0.23
6
—
—
—


LNU907
78872.3
—
—
—
2850.0
0.08
17
—
—
—


LNU907
78872.8
—
—
—
2662.5
0.04
9
—
—
—


LNU882
78973.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.8
0.11
8


LNU871
78195.4
286.2
0.13
13
2625.0
0.21
8
—
—
—


LNU865
79761.2
271.9
0.25
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU857
78867.2
—
—
—
2622.3
0.08
8
—
—
—


LNU848
77909.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.2
0.08
4


LNU847
78967.4
—
—
—
2687.5
0.30
10
—
—
—


LNU835
78186.6
—
—
—
2731.2
0.29
12
—
—
—


LNU835
78187.2
—
—
—
2706.2
0.12
11
—
—
—


LNU835
78189.1
—
—
—
2637.5
0.06
8
—
—
—


LNU828
77600.4
—
—
—
2718.8
0.05
12
—
—
—


LNU807
79250.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.3
0.12
4


LNU798
79671.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.1
0.20
2


LNU795
79521.3
295.6
0.03
17
2650.0
0.05
9
—
—
—


LNU795
79525.4
—
—
—
2556.2
0.24
5
—
—
—


LNU766
78931.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.1
0.20
2


LNU766
78932.1
291.9
0.03
15
2937.5
L
21
13.3
0.03
4


LNU752
78153.1
—
—
—
2662.5
0.04
9
—
—
—


LNU750
78863.3
—
—
—
2650.0
0.13
9
—
—
—


CONT.
—
253.4
—
—
2433.9
—
—
12.8
—
—


LNU976
78364.1
—
—
—
3637.5
0.27
11
—
—
—


LNU976
78364.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.2
0.14
3


LNU970
78389.8
276.2
0.11
12
3700.0
L
13
—
—
—


LNU968
77917.3
—
—
—
3470.5
0.12
6
—
—
—


LNU967
79001.1
—
—
—
3493.8
0.14
7
—
—
—


LNU967
79002.4
258.1
0.07
5
3511.6
0.24
8
—
—
—


LNU963
78383.4
255.0
0.22
4
3668.8
L
12
—
—
—


LNU963
78384.2
268.8
0.02
9
3493.8
0.11
7
—
—
—


LNU950
78915.2
263.1
0.06
7
3581.2
0.06
10
—
—
—


LNU934
79007.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.2
0.09
3


LNU908
79734.4
—
—
—
3443.8
0.14
6
12.1
0.29
2


LNU908
79736.2
—
—
—
3525.0
0.18
8
—
—
—


LNU908
79736.4
258.1
0.21
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU902
79604.2
256.2
0.24
4
3600.0
0.11
10
—
—
—


LNU902
79604.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.5
0.03
5


LNU902
79606.1
—
—
—
3518.8
0.05
8
—
—
—


LNU885
78416.1
—
—
—
3481.2
0.08
7
—
—
—


LNU885
78416.5
—
—
—
3437.5
0.14
5
—
—
—


LNU885
78419.3
261.9
0.04
6
3475.0
0.15
7
—
—
—


LNU885
78420.1
265.6
0.01
8
3718.8
L
14
—
—
—


LNU879
77799.2
—
—
—
3481.2
0.08
7
—
—
—


LNU879
77799.3
259.4
0.24
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU875
78413.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.07
4


LNU875
78415.1
—
—
—
3562.5
0.24
9
—
—
—


LNU858
79584.2
—
—
—
3625.0
0.15
11
—
—
—


LNU858
79585.1
263.3
0.02
7
3747.3
0.05
15
—
—
—


LNU858
79586.3
275.0
0.28
12
—
—
—
12.4
0.22
4


LNU790
78889.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.5
0.16
5


LNU790
78890.1
268.1
0.11
9
3662.5
0.08
12
—
—
—


LNU790
78890.3
—
—
—
3400.0
0.25
4
12.6
0.07
6


LNU767
79146.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.3
0.06
4


LNU767
79146.2
263.1
0.02
7
3506.2
0.08
7
12.3
0.18
4


CONT.
—
246.0
—
—
3262.5
—
—
11.9
—
—


LNU947
77446.1
318.8
0.02
8
3731.2
0.11
5
—
—
—


LNU947
77447.3
318.1
0.02
8
3737.5
0.03
5
12.5
0.07
4


LNU940
77812.4
—
—
—
3737.5
0.03
5
—
—
—


LNU900
78851.3
317.5
0.11
8
3800.0
0.03
7
—
—
—


LNU900
78852.5
—
—
—
3678.6
0.11
3
—
—
—


LNU900
78854.3
314.4
0.09
7
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU898
78981.3
322.1
0.01
9
3873.2
0.11
9
12.4
0.14
3


LNU898
78983.4
325.6
0.01
10
3843.8
L
8
12.4
0.05
3


LNU898
78985.1
308.1
0.14
5
3750.0
0.07
5
—
—
—


LNU898
78985.4
—
—
—
3656.2
0.18
3
—
—
—


LNU894
78282.3
—
—
—
3750.0
0.07
5
12.6
0.20
5


LNU894
78283.4
316.2
0.13
7
3718.8
0.18
5
—
—
—


LNU894
78283.7
322.5
0.10
9
3775.0
0.16
6
12.8
L
6


LNU846
78436.2
323.8
L
10
3825.0
0.02
8
—
—
—


LNU820
77807.2
325.0
0.19
10
3737.5
0.05
5
—
—
—


LNU815
77492.2
—
—
—
3712.5
0.06
4
—
—
—


LNU815
77492.6
315.6
0.24
7
3818.8
0.10
7
12.5
0.07
4


LNU815
77494.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
13.1
0.14
9


LNU815
77495.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.5
0.02
4


LNU814
78953.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.7
0.09
5


LNU814
78953.3
311.9
0.13
6
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU814
78955.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.6
0.14
4


LNU811
78176.1
—
—
—
3775.0
0.02
6
—
—
—


LNU811
78176.8
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.05
3


LNU797
78025.2
—
—
—
3916.1
L
10
—
—
—


LNU797
78025.3
—
—
—
3812.5
0.05
7
—
—
—


LNU793
78166.4
303.8
0.29
3
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU793
78167.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.14
3


LNU793
78169.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.5
0.27
4


LNU780
77489.4
—
—
—
3689.6
0.28
4
—
—
—


LNU776
79747.1
—
—
—
3834.5
0.28
8
—
—
—


LNU769
78163.8
308.1
0.27
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU769
78165.2
327.5
0.13
11
3681.2
0.13
4
—
—
—


LNU759
77236.2
—
—
—
3632.1
0.30
2
—
—
—


LNU759
77236.8
312.5
0.06
6
3825.0
0.08
8
—
—
—


LNU751
77477.1
—
—
—
3806.2
L
7
—
—
—


LNU751
77478.3
308.1
0.14
5
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
294.8
—
—
3555.4
—
—
12.0
—
—


LNU972
78907.1
—
—
—
4868.8
0.04
12
—
—
—


LNU943
78407.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.13
3


LNU943
78407.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.2
0.29
2


LNU913
78592.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
12.4
0.03
3


LNU913
78592.4
432.5
0.25
17
4681.2
0.21
8
—
—
—


LNU864
79339.2
—
—
—
4718.8
0.12
9
—
—
—


LNU850
78638.7
—
—
—
4837.5
0.05
11
—
—
—


LNU768
77883.4
—
—
—
4587.5
0.30
6
—
—
—


CONT.
—
368.8
—
—
4341.1
—
—
12.0
—
—





“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.”—Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


′′p-val.′′—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.













TABLE 127







Genes showing improved plant biomass production at standard nitrogen growth conditions













Plot Coverage [cm2]
Rosette Area [cm2]
Rosette Diameter [cm]

















Gene
Event 

P-
% 

P-
% 

P-
% 


Name
#
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU966
78604.1
87.4
0.28
11
10.9
0.28
11
5.52
0.28
7


LNU966
78605.5
87.3
0.17
11
10.9
0.17
11
—
—
—


LNU941
78615.3
87.8
0.29
12
11.0
0.29
12
—
—
—


LNU918
78434.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.48
0.19
6


LNU915
78426.1
91.7
0.26
17
11.5
0.26
17
5.74
0.21
11


LNU915
78428.1
94.7
0.03
20
11.8
0.03
20
5.69
0.06
10


LNU909
78424.3
96.2
0.24
22
12.0
0.24
22
5.78
0.11
12


LNU830
78741.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.51
0.24
7


LNU824
77826.1
87.0
0.18
11
10.9
0.18
11
—
—
—


LNU822
78623.7
91.8
0.28
17
11.5
0.28
17
5.61
0.29
8


LNU806
78515.4
86.7
0.19
10
10.8
0.19
10
5.49
0.17
6


LNU806
78515.5
100.9
0.19
28
12.6
0.19
28
5.96
0.27
15


CONT.
—
78.6
—
—
9.83
—
—
5.17
—
—


LNU976
78364.1
42.6
L
44
5.33
L
44
4.05
L
24


LNU976
78364.5
35.5
0.01
20
4.44
0.01
20
3.64
0.02
11


LNU970
78388.1
35.7
0.02
21
4.46
0.02
21
3.70
0.15
13


LNU970
78389.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
3.39
0.16
3


LNU970
78389.8
36.1
0.18
22
4.81
L
30
3.80
L
16


LNU970
78390.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
3.41
0.10
4


LNU968
77918.3
33.3
0.15
13
4.17
0.15
13
3.46
0.26
6


LNU968
77919.4
35.9
L
21
4.49
L
21
3.64
L
11


LNU963
78383.4
32.2
0.07
9
4.03
0.07
9
3.43
0.18
5


LNU963
78385.1
34.1
0.20
15
4.26
0.20
15
3.53
0.21
8


LNU950
78913.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
3.46
0.29
6


LNU949
80557.4
33.2
0.15
12
4.15
0.15
12
3.51
0.23
7


LNU934
79007.5
32.9
0.10
11
4.11
0.10
11
—
—
—


LNU934
79008.1
32.7
0.22
10
4.09
0.22
10
3.48
0.20
6


LNU902
79606.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
3.77
0.26
15


LNU843
78962.4
33.8
0.24
14
4.23
0.24
14
—
—
—


LNU790
78886.3
31.7
0.19
7
3.96
0.19
7
3.39
0.16
4


LNU790
78890.1
35.0
L
18
4.38
L
18
3.62
L
10


LNU787
80547.3
31.4
0.21
6
3.92
0.21
6
3.43
0.07
5


LNU785
79616.8
35.5
0.01
20
4.43
0.01
20
3.49
0.02
7


LNU767
79146.1
35.0
0.27
18
4.38
0.27
18
—
—
—


LNU767
79146.2
33.5
0.03
13
4.18
0.03
13
3.49
0.02
7


CONT.
—
29.6
—
—
3.70
—
—
3.27
—
—


LNU941
78613.1
105.6
0.15
14
13.2
0.15
13
6.16
0.13
7


LNU915
78428.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.18
0.26
7


LNU909
78425.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.08
0.25
6


LNU830
78741.3
123.8
0.21
34
16.5
0.01
41
6.88
L
19


LNU830
78741.5
127.1
L
38
15.9
L
36
6.74
0.01
17


LNU830
78742.6
103.8
0.23
12
13.0
0.25
11
6.03
0.29
5


LNU813
77681.4
115.6
0.16
25
14.4
0.18
24
6.63
0.03
15


CONT.
—
92.4
—
—
11.7
—
—
5.76
—
—


LNU948
78376.3
94.8
0.03
23
11.9
0.03
23
5.98
0.17
11


LNU948
78378.1
103.6
0.11
34
13.0
0.11
34
6.04
0.15
12


LNU921
79063.2
93.0
0.02
20
11.6
0.02
20
5.65
0.14
5


LNU921
79064.2
97.5
L
26
12.2
L
26
6.27
L
16


LNU921
79064.3
109.9
L
42
13.7
L
42
6.10
L
13


LNU889
79599.1
91.9
0.01
19
11.5
0.01
19
5.75
0.05
7


LNU889
79602.4
86.1
0.08
11
10.8
0.08
11
5.58
0.29
3


LNU888
78771.1
84.6
0.27
9
10.6
0.27
9
—
—
—


LNU881
78372.2
94.2
L
22
11.8
L
22
5.94
L
10


LNU881
78373.1
95.7
0.03
24
12.0
0.03
24
5.81
0.04
8


LNU881
78373.2
108.9
0.08
41
13.6
0.08
41
6.31
0.14
17


LNU881
78374.1
95.8
0.03
24
12.0
0.03
24
5.93
0.01
10


LNU865
79761.2
129.8
L
68
16.2
L
68
6.89
L
28


LNU865
79761.4
111.1
L
44
13.9
L
44
6.58
0.03
22


LNU865
79761.7
95.8
0.23
24
12.0
0.23
24
5.92
0.12
10


LNU831
79333.1
93.5
0.11
21
11.7
0.11
21
5.88
0.12
9


LNU816
78957.1
101.1
0.27
31
12.6
0.27
31
6.04
0.02
12


LNU816
78958.5
100.6
0.09
30
12.6
0.09
30
5.99
0.03
11


LNU816
78958.7
95.0
L
23
11.9
L
23
5.82
0.02
8


LNU809
79168.3
84.4
0.14
9
10.5
0.14
9
5.72
0.07
6


LNU809
79169.5
87.1
0.20
13
10.9
0.20
13
5.67
0.14
5


LNU795
79525.1
92.3
0.07
19
11.5
0.07
19
5.85
0.02
8


LNU795
79525.4
92.7
0.20
20
11.6
0.20
20
—
—
—


LNU795
79525.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.61
0.17
4


LNU788
78516.1
110.6
0.06
43
13.8
0.06
43
6.25
L
16


LNU788
78517.1
97.7
L
26
12.2
L
26
5.88
0.01
9


LNU788
78518.1
125.2
0.06
62
15.6
0.06
62
6.62
L
23


LNU783
79178.2
85.4
0.15
10
10.7
0.15
10
5.58
0.24
3


LNU783
79178.4
84.9
0.22
10
10.6
0.22
10
5.95
0.02
10


LNU778
78944.1
109.0
0.16
41
13.6
0.16
41
6.16
0.18
14


LNU778
78944.2
87.1
0.06
13
10.9
0.06
13
5.61
0.22
4


LNU762
79328.3
86.0
0.15
11
10.7
0.15
11
—
—
—


LNU762
79330.3
82.6
0.26
7
10.3
0.26
7
—
—
—


LNU752
78153.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.16
0.22
14


LNU752
78155.2
84.2
0.23
9
10.5
0.23
9
5.69
0.11
5


CONT.
—
77.4
—
—
9.67
—
—
5.40
—
—


LNU882
78973.4
105.5
0.10
7
13.2
0.10
7
6.07
0.11
4


LNU848
77906.2
112.2
0.07
13
14.0
0.07
13
6.37
L
9


LNU846
78439.4
120.8
0.20
22
15.1
0.20
22
6.53
L
12


LNU823
78122.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.04
0.19
3


LNU823
78137.3
109.4
0.19
10
13.7
0.19
10
—
—
—


LNU814
78955.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.99
0.28
2


LNU772
78938.1
122.1
L
23
15.3
L
23
6.48
0.11
11


LNU757
77485.4
103.0
0.28
4
12.9
0.28
4
—
—
—


CONT.
—
99.0
—
—
12.4
—
—
5.84
—
—


LNU972
78907.1
77.6
0.27
10
9.69
0.27
10
—
—
—


LNU972
78909.3
87.4
L
23
10.9
L
23
5.90
0.09
13


LNU961
79143.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.57
0.20
7


LNU961
79145.3
80.9
0.10
14
10.1
0.10
14
5.50
0.20
5


LNU958
77687.2
86.2
0.08
22
10.8
0.08
22
—
—
—


LNU958
77687.5
88.0
0.05
24
11.0
0.05
24
6.04
0.05
16


LNU958
77689.1
81.8
L
16
10.2
L
16
5.53
0.02
6


LNU948
78378.1
84.7
0.28
20
10.6
0.28
20
5.76
0.24
10


LNU948
78379.4
75.6
0.14
7
9.45
0.14
7
—
—
—


LNU948
78380.2
81.3
0.25
15
10.2
0.25
15
5.54
0.16
6


LNU921
79063.2
83.6
0.19
18
10.4
0.19
18
—
—
—


LNU921
79064.3
83.6
L
18
10.5
L
18
5.65
0.02
8


LNU913
78592.1
90.3
0.03
28
11.3
0.03
28
5.91
L
13


LNU913
78592.3
83.4
0.03
18
10.4
0.03
18
5.58
0.15
7


LNU913
78592.4
90.8
L
28
11.4
L
28
5.79
0.03
11


LNU913
78593.1
85.4
L
21
10.7
L
21
5.68
L
9


LNU913
78593.6
95.2
L
35
11.9
L
35
5.88
L
13


LNU912
78403.2
81.4
L
15
10.2
L
15
5.70
L
9


LNU912
78404.1
80.8
0.17
14
10.1
0.17
14
—
—
—


LNU889
79599.1
74.2
0.29
5
9.28
0.29
5
—
—
—


LNU889
79601.4
75.9
0.16
7
9.49
0.16
7
5.46
0.14
5


LNU889
79602.4
74.8
0.21
6
9.35
0.21
6
5.43
0.14
4


LNU881
78372.2
86.7
0.08
22
10.8
0.08
22
5.84
L
12


LNU881
78373.2
92.0
L
30
11.5
L
30
5.81
L
11


LNU881
78374.1
79.5
0.14
12
9.94
0.14
12
—
—
—


LNU823
78136.4
80.5
0.01
14
10.1
0.01
14
5.50
0.03
5


LNU816
78957.1
86.7
0.03
22
10.8
0.03
22
5.78
0.11
11


LNU816
78958.7
96.7
L
37
12.1
L
37
6.13
L
17


LNU809
79168.3
80.8
0.14
14
10.1
0.14
14
5.48
0.12
5


LNU809
79169.2
80.4
0.01
14
10.1
0.01
14
5.48
0.04
5


LNU782
77441.1
87.6
0.04
24
10.9
0.04
24
5.72
0.02
10


LNU782
77444.2
76.2
0.26
8
9.53
0.26
8
—

—


LNU782
77444.9
87.9
0.19
24
11.0
0.19
24
5.66
0.07
8


LNU772
78937.4
75.5
0.14
7
9.44
0.14
7
—
—
—


LNU772
78938.1
99.5
L
41
12.4
L
41
6.35
0.03
22


LNU772
78940.2
85.8
L
21
10.7
L
21
5.86
L
12


LNU762
79329.2
75.6
0.24
7
9.45
0.24
7
—
—
—


CONT.
—
70.8
—
—
8.85
—
—
5.22
—
—


LNU882
78973.1
89.3
L
19
11.2
L
19
5.94
0.20
12


LNU882
78973.4
92.0
0.02
23
11.5
0.02
23
5.91
L
11


LNU871
78195.4
78.1
0.18
4
9.77
0.18
4
5.45
0.24
3


LNU865
79761.2
83.8
0.11
12
10.5
0.11
12
5.69
0.06
7


LNU865
79761.7
87.1
0.23
16
10.9
0.23
16
5.89
0.21
11


LNU857
78867.1
84.7
0.17
13
10.6
0.17
13
5.79
0.20
9


LNU835
78186.2
84.2
L
12
10.5
L
12
5.78
0.02
9


LNU807
79250.1
81.1
0.08
8
10.1
0.08
8
—
—
—


LNU798
79671.4
88.0
0.03
17
11.0
0.03
17
5.72
0.08
8


LNU795
79525.4
80.8
0.09
8
10.1
0.09
8
5.48
0.18
3


LNU766
78931.2
84.1
0.07
12
10.5
0.07
12
5.71
L
8


LNU766
78932.1
94.9
0.14
27
11.9
0.14
27
5.91
0.06
11


CONT.
—
74.9
—
—
9.36
—
—
5.30
—
—


LNU976
78362.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.38
0.08
6


LNU976
78364.2
116.5
0.10
14
14.6
0.08
12
6.57
0.02
10


LNU970
78389.8
140.6
L
38
17.6
L
36
6.84
L
14


LNU970
78390.3
119.1
0.06
16
14.9
0.05
15
6.53
0.11
9


LNU963
78383.1
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.31
0.12
5


LNU963
78383.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.28
0.22
5


LNU963
78384.2
119.9
0.05
17
15.0
0.03
16
6.38
0.07
6


LNU934
79007.5
127.0
0.17
24
15.9
0.19
23
—
—
—


LNU902
79606.1
110.6
0.29
8
13.8
0.30
7
6.32
0.11
5


LNU885
78416.1
110.6
0.28
8
13.8
0.28
7
6.28
0.16
5


LNU885
78419.3
111.5
0.24
9
13.9
0.24
8
6.42
0.24
7


LNU879
77799.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.25
0.29
4


LNU858
79586.3
113.6
0.22
11
14.2
0.24
10
6.41
0.06
7


LNU858
79587.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
6.29
0.16
5


LNU790
78890.1
119.7
0.08
17
15.0
0.08
16
6.50
0.14
8


CONT.
—
102.2
—
—
12.9
—
—
5.99
—
—


LNU947
77446.1
89.3
0.29
7
11.2
0.29
7
—
—
—


LNU947
77447.3
96.7
0.01
16
12.1
0.01
16
5.74
0.16
6


LNU947
77448.4
125.6
L
50
15.7
L
50
6.93
0.09
28


LNU940
77812.4
95.1
0.04
14
11.9
0.04
14
5.79
0.05
7


LNU940
77813.1
106.9
L
28
13.4
L
28
6.02
L
11


LNU900
78851.3
101.5
0.03
21
12.7
0.03
21
5.85
0.07
8


LNU900
78854.3
95.3
0.05
14
11.9
0.05
14
6.01
0.07
11


LNU898
78983.4
104.6
L
25
13.1
L
25
6.00
0.02
11


LNU898
78985.1
97.5
0.30
16
12.2
0.30
16
—
—
—


LNU898
78985.4
92.5
0.09
10
11.6
0.09
10
5.65
0.18
4


LNU894
78283.7
106.3
0.28
27
13.3
0.28
27
—
—
—


LNU846
78439.4
114.8
0.19
37
14.4
0.19
37
6.41
0.17
18


LNU820
77807.2
100.2
L
20
12.5
L
20
6.00
L
11


LNU815
77494.1
113.0
L
35
14.1
L
35
6.26
L
15


LNU815
77495.3
91.5
0.07
9
11.4
0.07
9
5.77
0.13
6


LNU814
78953.2
100.2
0.12
20
12.5
0.12
20
5.94
0.19
10


LNU814
78953.3
97.3
0.23
16
12.2
0.23
16
5.79
0.22
7


LNU811
78176.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.66
0.18
4


LNU811
78176.8
95.2
0.21
14
11.9
0.21
14
—
—
—


LNU811
78179.1
119.1
0.09
42
14.9
0.09
42
6.49
0.17
20


LNU797
78021.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.70
0.10
5


LNU797
78025.3
100.3
0.15
20
12.5
0.15
20
5.96
0.08
10


LNU793
78166.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.96
0.27
10


LNU793
78168.1
97.7
0.02
17
12.2
0.02
17
5.88
0.08
8


LNU793
78169.2
97.8
0.04
17
12.2
0.04
17
5.80
0.07
7


LNU769
78163.8
—
—
—
—
—
—
5.78
0.08
6


LNU756
77581.3
98.6
0.26
18
12.3
0.26
18
5.89
0.20
9


LNU751
77478.3
95.4
0.02
14
11.9
0.02
14
—
—
—


CONT.
—
83.7
—
—
10.5
—
—
5.43
—
—


LNU972
78909.3
122.2
0.04
11
15.3
0.04
11
—
—
—


LNU943
78407.2
123.5
0.23
12
15.4
0.23
12
—
—
—


LNU913
78592.1
121.9
0.05
11
15.2
0.05
11
6.47
0.10
4


LNU913
78593.1
134.7
0.15
22
16.8
0.15
22
6.91
L
11


LNU864
79339.2
118.0
0.13
7
14.7
0.13
7
—
—
—


LNU833
78184.1
117.7
0.11
7
14.7
0.11
7
6.52
0.18
5


LNU764
78926.1
116.1
0.16
5
14.5
0.16
5
—
—
—


LNU764
78929.1
118.2
0.07
7
14.8
0.07
7
—
—
—


CONT.
—
110.3
—
—
13.8
—
—
6.21
—
—





“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.”—Average;


“% Incr.” = % increment;


′′p-val.′′—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.






The genes listed in Table 128 improved plant NUE when grown at standard nitrogen concentration levels. These genes produced faster developing plants when grown under limiting nitrogen growth conditions, compared to control plants, grown under identical growth conditions, as measured by growth rate of leaf number, rosette diameter and plot coverage.







TABLE 128







Genes showing improved rosette growth performance at standard nitrogen growth conditions













RGR Of Leaf
RGR Of Plot 
RGR Of Rosette 




Number
Coverage [cm2/day]
Diameter [cm/day]

















Gene 
Event 

P-
% 

P-
% 

P-
% 


Name
#
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.
Ave.
Val.
Incr.




















LNU941
78613.5
0.870
0.22
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU941
78615.3
0.902
0.14
23
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU922
78290.1
0.916
0.11
25
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU918
78433.8
0.889
0.16
21
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU918
78434.2
0.864
0.27
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU915
78426.1
—
—
—
11.0
0.28
18
0.454
0.29
16


LNU915
78428.1
—
—
—
11.4
0.19
22
—
—
—


LNU915
78428.2
0.871
0.20
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU909
78424.3
0.919
0.09
25
11.4
0.19
23
0.463
0.23
18


LNU909
78425.4
0.881
0.19
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU849
78498.4
0.880
0.19
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU830
78741.3
0.859
0.25
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU830
78741.5
0.851
0.29
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU822
78623.2
0.859
0.28
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU813
77682.3
0.862
0.27
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU806
78515.4
0.921
0.10
25
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU806
78515.5
—
—
—
12.0
0.09
30
0.460
0.27
18


LNU779
77887.3
0.887
0.16
21
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.734
—
—
9.29
—
—
0.391
—
—


LNU976
78364.1
—
—
—
5.11
L
43
0.312
0.02
22


LNU976
78364.5
—
—
—
4.32
0.07
21
0.297
0.07
17


LNU970
78388.1
—
—
—
4.32
0.07
21
—
—
—


LNU970
78389.8
—
—
—
4.21
0.12
18
0.293
0.10
15


LNU968
77918.3
—
—
—
4.01
0.28
13
—
—
—


LNU968
77919.4
—
—
—
4.37
0.06
23
—
—
—


LNU963
78385.1
—
—
—
4.07
0.22
14
—
—
—


LNU949
80553.8
—
—
—
4.22
0.12
19
0.286
0.20
12


LNU949
80557.4
—
—
—
4.05
0.24
14
0.282
0.25
11


LNU902
79606.5
—
—
—
4.36
0.09
23
0.288
0.21
13


LNU843
78962.4
—
—
—
4.08
0.20
15
—
—
—


LNU790
78890.1
—
—
—
4.16
0.14
17
0.284
0.22
11


LNU785
79616.8
—
—
—
4.26
0.09
20
—
—
—


LNU767
79146.1
—
—
—
4.20
0.14
18
—
—
—


LNU767
79146.2
—
—
—
4.01
0.27
13
—
—
—


CONT.
—
—
—
—
3.56
—
—
0.255
—
—


LNU918
78433.1
0.818
0.28
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU854
78238.1
0.816
0.30
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU849
78500.1
0.819
0.29
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU830
78741.3
—
—
—
15.4
0.09
35
0.615
0.12
24


LNU830
78741.5
—
—
—
15.3
0.11
34
—
—
—


LNU813
77681.4
—
—
—
14.3
0.21
25
—
—
—


LNU780
77489.4
—
—
—
14.3
0.23
25
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.712
—
—
11.5
—
—
0.497
—
—


LNU948
78376.3
—
—
—
13.9
0.13
26
0.579
0.29
15


LNU948
78378.1
—
—
—
15.2
0.04
38
—
—
—


LNU948
78380.3
0.791
0.04
41
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU921
79061.1
0.796
0.05
42
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU921
79063.2
—
—
—
13.8
0.14
25
—
—
—


LNU921
79064.2
—
—
—
14.4
0.06
31
0.632
0.06
25


LNU921
79064.3
—
—
—
16.4
L
49
0.597
0.16
18


LNU921
79065.1
0.781
0.05
39
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU912
78401.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.582
0.27
15


LNU912
78402.3
0.711
0.23
27
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU912
78405.2
0.905
0.01
61
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU889
79599.1
0.863
0.03
54
13.8
0.14
25
—
—
—


LNU889
79601.4
0.686
0.28
22
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU888
78771.1
0.699
0.25
25
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU881
78372.2
0.740
0.22
32
13.4
0.18
22
—
—
—


LNU881
78373.1
0.688
0.24
23
14.6
0.06
33
0.584
0.22
16


LNU881
78373.2
—
—
—
16.3
0.01
48
0.639
0.06
27


LNU881
78374.1
—
—
—
13.9
0.13
26
—
—
—


LNU881
78374.4
0.725
0.16
29
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU865
79759.4
0.829
0.03
48
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU865
79761.2
—
—
—
19.3
L
76
0.680
0.01
35


LNU865
79761.4
—
—
—
16.5
L
50
0.663
0.02
31


LNU865
79761.7
—
—
—
14.1
0.12
28
0.583
0.25
16


LNU857
78866.1
0.755
0.09
35
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU857
78867.1
0.789
0.08
41
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU857
78868.2
0.717
0.21
28
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU857
78870.1
0.704
0.25
25
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU831
79331.2
0.720
0.21
28
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU831
79331.5
0.704
0.24
25
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU831
79333.1
—
—
—
14.1
0.11
28
0.615
0.11
22


LNU831
79333.2
—
—
—
13.4
0.25
21
—
—
—


LNU816
78957.1
—
—
—
15.2
0.05
38
0.603
0.15
20


LNU816
78958.2
0.692
0.25
23
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU816
78958.4
0.768
0.10
37
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU816
78958.5
—
—
—
14.8
0.05
35
0.576
0.28
14


LNU816
78958.7
—
—
—
13.7
0.14
25
—
—
—


LNU809
79167.2
0.762
0.08
36
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU809
79168.5
0.831
0.03
48
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU807
79248.1
0.773
0.10
38
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU807
79250.1
0.688
0.26
23
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU795
79521.6
0.766
0.07
37
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU795
79525.1
—
—
—
13.3
0.21
21
—
—
—


LNU795
79525.4
—
—
—
14.1
0.11
28
0.606
0.15
20


LNU788
78516.1
—
—
—
16.2
L
47
0.594
0.17
18


LNU788
78517.1
—
—
—
14.3
0.08
30
—
—
—


LNU788
78517.2
—
—
—
13.3
0.25
21
—
—
—


LNU788
78518.1
—
—
—
17.8
L
62
0.575
0.29
14


LNU788
78520.4
0.791
0.07
41
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU783
79178.2
0.720
0.19
28
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU783
79178.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.587
0.21
16


LNU778
78944.1
—
—
—
16.3
0.01
48
0.593
0.21
18


LNU778
78944.2
0.719
0.23
28
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU762
79326.1
0.697
0.29
24
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU752
78151.2
0.686
0.26
22
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU752
78153.1
0.684
0.28
22
15.3
0.05
39
0.618
0.12
22


CONT.
—
0.561
—
—
11.0
—
—
0.504
—
—


LNU846
78439.4
—
—
—
15.1
0.13
22
—
—
—


LNU814
78955.5
0.958
0.09
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU772
78938.1
—
—
—
15.1
0.13
22
—
—
—


LNU757
77483.2
0.925
0.19
13
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.818
—
—
12.4
—
—
—
—
—


LNU972
78907.1
0.923
0.01
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU972
78909.3
—
—
—
10.4
0.06
23
0.484
0.08
16


LNU961
79143.3
0.835
0.26
8
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU961
79143.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.458
0.28
10


LNU958
77687.2
—
—
—
10.2
0.09
21
—
—
—


LNU958
77687.5
—
—
—
10.5
0.05
24
0.491
0.06
17


LNU958
77689.1
—
—
—
9.75
0.21
15
—
—
—


LNU948
78378.1
—
—
—
9.85
0.21
17
0.469
0.19
12


LNU948
78380.2
—
—
—
9.66
0.26
14
—
—
—


LNU921
79063.2
—
—
—
10.0
0.15
18
—
—
—


LNU921
79064.3
—
—
—
9.89
0.17
17
—
—
—


LNU913
78592.1
—
—
—
10.8
0.04
27
0.471
0.16
13


LNU913
78592.3
0.874
0.09
13
10.1
0.12
19
—
—
—


LNU913
78592.4
0.887
0.14
15
10.8
0.03
27
0.462
0.24
10


LNU913
78593.1
—
—
—
10.2
0.09
21
—
—
—


LNU913
78593.6
0.923
0.04
20
11.2
0.01
33
0.460
0.25
10


LNU912
78403.2
0.846
0.22
10
9.68
0.24
15
0.471
0.17
13


LNU912
78404.1
—
—
—
9.60
0.27
14
—
—
—


LNU888
78772.1
0.847
0.26
10
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU888
78772.7
0.877
0.14
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU881
78372.2
—
—
—
10.1
0.12
20
0.467
0.19
12


LNU881
78373.2
0.856
0.21
11
11.0
0.02
31
0.466
0.19
11


LNU881
78374.1
0.890
0.08
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU823
78136.4
—
—
—
9.63
0.26
14
—
—
—


LNU816
78957.1
—
—
—
10.3
0.09
22
0.472
0.16
13


LNU816
78958.7
—
—
—
11.5
L
36
0.500
0.03
20


LNU809
79168.3
0.844
0.26
10
9.74
0.22
15
—
—
—


LNU809
79169.2
—
—
—
9.59
0.27
13
—
—
—


LNU782
77441.1
—
—
—
10.4
0.07
23
—
—
—


LNU782
77444.9
—
—
—
10.4
0.08
22
—
—
—


LNU772
78938.1
—
—
—
11.9
L
41
0.524
L
25


LNU772
78940.2
—
—
—
10.2
0.10
21
0.482
0.09
15


LNU757
77481.1
0.911
0.05
18
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU757
77483.3
0.841
0.29
9
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU757
77485.4
0.925
0.01
20
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.770
—
—
8.45
—
—
0.418
—
—


LNU882
78973.1
—
—
—
10.8
0.06
21
0.469
0.09
14


LNU882
78973.4
—
—
—
11.1
0.03
24
0.456
0.16
11


LNU865
79761.2
—
—
—
10.0
0.24
13
0.461
0.12
12


LNU865
79761.7
—
—
—
10.4
0.13
17
0.466
0.10
14


LNU857
78867.1
—
—
—
10.3
0.17
15
0.459
0.15
12


LNU848
77909.3
—
—
—
10.2
0.21
15
—
—
—


LNU835
78186.2
—
—
—
10.1
0.23
13
0.461
0.12
13


LNU828
77598.3
—
—
—
10.3
0.18
15
—
—
—


LNU807
79248.5
0.998
0.24
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU798
79671.4
—
—
—
10.7
0.06
20
0.450
0.22
10


LNU766
78931.2
—
—
—
10.0
0.24
13
0.444
0.30
8


LNU766
78932.1
—
—
—
11.3
0.02
26
0.456
0.18
11


LNU752
78153.1
1.02
0.16
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.873
—
—
8.92
—
—
0.410
—
—


LNU976
78364.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.579
0.14
15


LNU970
78389.8
—
—
—
17.5
0.01
38
0.578
0.14
15


LNU970
78390.3
—
—
—
14.8
0.25
17
0.560
0.28
11


LNU963
78384.2
—
—
—
15.0
0.20
19
—
—
—


LNU934
79007.5
—
—
—
15.5
0.14
23
—
—
—


LNU924
77608.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.558
0.30
11


LNU902
79604.4
0.894
0.11
19
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU790
78890.1
—
—
—
14.7
0.26
16
—
—
—


LNU790
78890.3
0.881
0.16
17
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU767
79146.1
0.862
0.21
15
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.750
—
—
12.6
—
—
0.503
—
—


LNU947
77447.3
—
—
—
11.7
0.23
15
—
—
—


LNU947
77448.4
—
—
—
15.2
L
50
0.552
L
28


LNU940
77812.4
—
—
—
11.7
0.25
15
—
—
—


LNU940
77813.1
—
—
—
13.0
0.03
28
0.482
0.18
12


LNU900
78851.3
—
—
—
12.2
0.11
21
—
—
—


LNU900
78854.3
—
—
—
11.6
0.26
14
0.511
0.04
19


LNU898
78983.4
—
—
—
12.7
0.05
26
0.482
0.17
12


LNU898
78985.1
—
—
—
12.0
0.17
18
0.480
0.21
12


LNU894
78282.3
—
—
—
12.0
0.20
18
—
—
—


LNU894
78283.4
0.909
0.18
16
12.4
0.11
22
—
—
—


LNU894
78283.7
—
—
—
12.8
0.07
27
0.485
0.28
13


LNU846
78438.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.476
0.26
11


LNU846
78439.4
—
—
—
13.8
0.01
36
0.499
0.13
16


LNU820
77807.2
—
—
—
12.2
0.11
21
0.502
0.06
17


LNU815
77492.6
—
—
—
12.5
0.11
23
0.479
0.28
11


LNU815
77494.1
—
—
—
13.8
L
36
0.510
0.04
19


LNU815
77495.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.476
0.23
11


LNU814
78953.2
—
—
—
12.1
0.13
20
0.490
0.13
14


LNU814
78953.3
—
—
—
11.8
0.23
16
—
—
—


LNU811
78176.8
—
—
—
11.6
0.25
15
—
—
—


LNU811
78179.1
—
—
—
14.2
L
41
0.517
0.05
20


LNU797
78025.3
—
—
—
12.2
0.14
20
0.487
0.16
13


LNU793
78166.4
—
—
—
12.1
0.15
19
0.479
0.24
11


LNU793
78168.1
—
—
—
12.1
0.13
19
0.493
0.11
15


LNU793
78169.2
—
—
—
11.9
0.19
17
—
—
—


LNU769
78163.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.488
0.20
14


LNU769
78163.8
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.480
0.22
12


LNU756
77581.3
—
—
—
12.1
0.14
20
0.483
0.19
12


LNU751
77477.1
0.878
0.25
12
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU751
77477.4
0.914
0.19
16
—
—
—
—
—
—


LNU751
77478.3
—
—
—
11.7
0.23
15
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.786
—
—
10.1
—
—
0.430
—
—


LNU913
78593.1
—
—
—
16.7
0.09
23
—
—
—


LNU896
78978.1
0.887
0.26
14
—
—
—
—
—
—


CONT.
—
0.777
—
—
13.6
—
—
—
—
—





“CONT.”—Control;


“Ave.”—Average;


“% Incr.” = % Increment;


′′p-val.′′—p-value;


L means that p-value is less than 0.01, p < 0.1 was considered as significant.






Example 19
Evaluation of Transgenic Brachypodium NUE and Yield Under Low or Normal Nitrogen Fertilization in Greenhouse Assay
Assay 1: Nitrogen Use Efficiency Measured Plant Biomass and Yield at Limited and Optimal Nitrogen Concentration Under Greenhouse Conditions Until Heading—
This assay follows the plant biomass formation and growth (measured by height) of plants which are grown in the greenhouse at limiting and non-limiting (e.g., normal) nitrogen growth conditions. Transgenic Brachypodium seeds were sown in peat plugs. The T1 transgenic seedlings were then transplanted to 27.8×11.8×8.5 cm trays filled with peat and perlite in a 1:1 ratio. The trays were irrigated with a solution containing nitrogen limiting conditions, which were achieved by irrigating the plants with a solution containing 3 mM inorganic nitrogen in the form of NH4NO3, supplemented with 1 mM KH2PO4, 1 mM MgSO4, 3.6 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl2 and microelements, while normal nitrogen levels were achieved by applying a solution of 6 mM inorganic nitrogen also in the form of NH4NO3 with 1 mM KH2PO4, 1 mM MgSO4, 2 mM CaCl2, 3.6 mM KCl and microelements. All plants were grown in the greenhouse until heading. Plant biomass (the above ground tissue) was weighted right after harvesting the shoots (plant fresh weight [FW]). Following, plants were dried in an oven at 70° C. for 48 hours and weighed (plant dry weight [DW]).
Each construct was validated at its T1 generation. Transgenic plants transformed with a construct conformed by an empty vector carrying the BASTA selectable marker were used as control (FIG. 9B).
The plants were analyzed for their overall size, fresh weight and dry matter. Transgenic plants performance was compared to control plants grown in parallel under the same conditions. Mock—transgenic plants with no gene and no promoter at all, were used as control (FIG. 9B).
The experiment was planned in blocks and nested randomized plot distribution within them. For each gene of the invention five independent transformation events were analyzed from each construct.
Phenotyping
Plant Fresh and Dry shoot weight—In Heading assays when heading stage has completed (about day 30 from sowing), the plants were harvested and directly weighed for the determination of the plant fresh weight on semi-analytical scales (0.01 gr) (FW) and left to dry at 70° C. in a drying chamber for about 48 hours before weighting to determine plant dry weight (DW).
Time to Heading—In both Seed Maturation and Heading assays heading was defined as the full appearance of the first spikelet in the plant. The time to heading occurrence is defined by the date the heading is completely visible. The time to heading occurrence date was documented for all plants and then the time from planting to heading was calculated.
Leaf thickness—In Heading assays when minimum 5 plants per plot in at least 90% of the plots in an experiment have been documented at heading, measurement of leaf thickness was performed using a micro-meter on the second leaf below the flag leaf.
Plant Height—In both Seed Maturation and Heading assays once heading was completely visible, the height of the first spikelet was measured from soil level to the bottom of the spikelet.
Tillers number—In Heading assays manual count of tillers was preformed per plant after harvest, before weighing.
Example 20
Evaluation of Transgenic Brachypodium NUE and Yield Under Low or Normal Nitrogen Fertilization in Greenhouse Assay
Assay 2: Nitrogen Use Efficiency Measured Plant Biomass and Yield at Limited and Optimal Nitrogen Concentration Under Greenhouse Conditions Until Seed Maturation—
This assay follows the plant biomass and yield production of plants that were grown in the greenhouse at limiting and non-limiting nitrogen growth conditions. Transgenic Brachypodium seeds were sown in peat plugs. The T1 transgenic seedlings were then transplanted to 27.8×11.8×8.5 cm trays filled with peat and perlite in a 1:1 ratio. The trays were irrigated with a solution containing nitrogen limiting conditions, which were achieved by irrigating the plants with a solution containing 3 mM inorganic nitrogen in the form of NH4NO3, supplemented with 1 mM KH2PO4, 1 mM MgSO4, 3.6 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl2 and microelements, while normal nitrogen levels were achieved by applying a solution of 6 mM inorganic nitrogen also in the form of NH4NO3 with 1 mM KH2PO4, 1 mM MgSO4, 2 mM CaCl2, 3.6 mM KCl and microelements. All plants were grown in the greenhouse until seed maturation. Each construct was validated at its T1 generation. Transgenic plants transformed with a construct conformed by an empty vector carrying the BASTA selectable marker were used as control (FIG. 9B).
The plants were analyzed for their overall biomass, fresh weight and dry matter, as well as a large number of yield and yield components related parameters. Transgenic plants performance was compared to control plants grown in parallel under the same conditions. Mock—transgenic plants with no gene and no promoter at all (FIG. 9B). The experiment was planned in blocks and nested randomized plot distribution within them. For each gene of the invention five independent transformation events were analyzed from each construct.
Phenotyping
Plant Fresh and Dry vegetative weight—In Seed Maturation assays when maturity stage has completed (about day 80 from sowing), the plants were harvested and directly weighed for the determination of the plant fresh weight (FW) and left to dry at 70° C. in a drying chamber for about 48 hours before weighting to determine plant dry weight (DW).
Spikelets Dry weight (SDW)—In Seed Maturation assays when maturity stage has completed (about day 80 from sowing), the spikelets were separated from the biomass, left to dry at 70° C. in a drying chamber for about 48 hours before weighting to determine spikelets dry weight (SDW).
Grain Yield per Plant—In Seed Maturation assays after drying of spikelets for SDW, spikelets were run through production machine, then through cleaning machine, until seeds were produced per plot, then weighed and Grain Yield per Plant was calculated.
Grain Number—In Seed Maturation assays after seeds per plot were produced and cleaned, the seeds were run through a counting machine and counted.
1000 Seed Weight—In Seed Maturation assays after seed production, a fraction was taken from each sample (seeds per plot;  ̃0.5 gr), counted and photographed. 1000 seed weight was calculated.
Harvest Index—In Seed Maturation assays after seed production, harvest index was calculated by dividing grain yield and vegetative dry weight.
Time to Heading—In both Seed Maturation and Heading assays heading was defined as the full appearance of the first spikelet in the plant. The time to heading occurrence is defined by the date the heading is completely visible. The time to heading occurrence date was documented for all plants and then the time from planting to heading was calculated.
Leaf thickness—In Heading assays when minimum 5 plants per plot in at least 90% of the plots in an experiment have been documented at heading, measurement of leaf thickness was performed using a micro-meter on the second leaf below the flag leaf.
Grain filling period—In Seed Maturation assays maturation was defined by the first color-break of spikelet+stem on the plant, from green to yellow/brown.
Plant Height—In both Seed Maturation and Heading assays once heading was completely visible, the height of the first spikelet was measured from soil level to the bottom of the spikelet.
Tillers number—In Heading assays manual count of tillers was preformed per plant after harvest, before weighing.
Number of reproductive heads per plant—In Heading assays manual count of heads per plant was performed.
Statistical analyses—To identify genes conferring significantly improved tolerance to abiotic stresses, the results obtained from the transgenic plants were compared to those obtained from control plants. To identify outperforming genes and constructs, results from the independent transformation events tested were analyzed separately. Data was analyzed using Student's t-test and results were considered significant if the p value was less than 0.1. The JMP statistics software package was used (Version 5.2.1, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, N.C., USA).
Although the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims.
All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated in their entirety by reference into the specification, to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated herein by reference. In addition, citation or identification of any reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art to the present invention. To the extent that section headings are used, they should not be construed as necessarily limiting.

## Claims

1. A method of increasing growth rate and/or biomass of a plant under nitrogen-limiting conditions, comprising:
(a) over-expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide having at least 95% sequence identity and conservative amino acid substitutions with respect to the polypeptide set forth by SEQ ID NO:589, or encoding the polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 589, 3631, 3632, 3633, 3634, 3635, 3636, 3637, 3638, 3639, 3640, 3641, 3642, 3643, and 3645, and
(b) selecting plants resultant from step (a) over-expressing said polynucleotide for an increased biomass and/or growth rate under nitrogen-limiting conditions as compared to a control plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions,
thereby increasing the growth rate, and/or biomass of the plant under the nitrogen-limiting conditions.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 589, 3631, 3632, 3633, 3634, 3635, 3636, 3637, 3638, 3639, 3640, 3641, 3642, 3643, and 3645.

3. A method of producing a crop comprising growing a crop plant transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least 95% identical and having conservative amino acid substitutions with respect to the polypeptide set forth by SEQ ID NO:589, or encoding the polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 589, 3631, 3632, 3633, 3634, 3635, 3636, 3637, 3638, 3639, 3640, 3641, 3642, 3643, and 3645, wherein the crop plant is derived from plants selected for increased biomass and/or increased growth rate under nitrogen-limiting as compared to a control plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions, and the crop plant having the increased biomass, and/or the increased growth rate, thereby producing the crop.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said exogenous polynucleotide encoding said polypeptide comprises the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 377, 94, 1620, 1621, 1622, 1623, 1624, 1625, 1626, 1627, 1628, 1629, 1630, 1631, 1632, 1633 and 1635.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein said exogenous polynucleotide comprising the nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 377, 94, 1620, 1621, 1622, 1623, 1624, 1625, 1626, 1627, 1628, 1629, 1630, 1631, 1632, 1633 and 1635.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein said exogenous polynucleotide encoding said polypeptide comprises a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 377 and 94.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein said polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 589, 3631, 3632, 3633, 3634, 3635, 3636, 3637, 3638, 3639, 3640, 3641, 3642, 3643, and 3645.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising growing the plant expressing said exogenous polynucleotide under nitrogen-limiting conditions.

9. A method of selecting a transformed plant, comprising:
(a) providing transgenic plants transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide having at least 95% sequence identity and conservative amino acid substitutions with respect to the polypeptide set forth by SEQ ID NO:589, or encoding the polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 589, 3631, 3632, 3633, 3634, 3635, 3636, 3637, 3638, 3639, 3640, 3641, 3642, 3643, and 3645, and
(b) selecting said plants for an increased growth rate and/or biomass under nitrogen-limiting conditions as compared to a control plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions,
thereby selecting the plant having increased growth rate and/or biomass under the nitrogen-limiting conditions as compared to the control plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein said polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 589, 3631, 3632, 3633, 3634, 3635, 3636, 3637, 3638, 3639, 3640, 3641, 3642, 3643, and 3645.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein said polypeptide is set forth by SEQ ID NO: 589.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein said polynucleotide is set forth by SEQ ID NO: 377 or 94.

13. The method of claim 3, wherein said polypeptide is set forth by SEQ ID NO: 589.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein said polypeptide is set forth by SEQ ID NO: 589.

15. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
(c) isolating plants or regenerable portion of said plants selected according to the method of claim 1 step (b) having said increased growth rate and/or said increased biomass under said nitrogen-limiting conditions so as to obtain isolated plants or regenerable portion of said selected plants; and
(d) planting or regenerating plants from said isolated plants or regenerable portion of said selected plants to thereby obtain plants characterized by said increased biomass and/or said increased growth rate under nitrogen-limiting conditions.

16. The method of claim 1, further comprising generating a plant line by:
(a) isolating a plant or a regenerable portion of said plant selected according to the method of claim 1 step (b) having said increased growth rate and/or said increased biomass under said nitrogen-limiting conditions so as to obtain an isolated plant or a regenerable portion of said selected plant; and
(b) using marker assisted selection of said isolated plant or regenerable portion of said selected plant for selective breeding of plants characterized by said increased biomass and/or said increased growth rate under nitrogen-limiting conditions.

17. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
(c) isolating plants or regenerable portion of said plants selected according to the method of claim 9 step (b) having said increased growth rate and/or said increased biomass under said nitrogen-limiting conditions so as to obtain isolated plants or regenerable portion of said selected plants; and
(d) planting or regenerating plants from said isolated plants or regenerable portion of said selected plants to thereby obtain plants characterized by said increased biomass and/or said increased growth rate under nitrogen-limiting conditions.

18. The method of claim 9, further comprising generating a plant line by:
(a) isolating a plant or a regenerable portion of said plant selected according to the method of claim 9 step (b) having said increased growth rate and/or said increased biomass under said nitrogen-limiting conditions so as to obtain an isolated plant or a regenerable portion of said selected plant; and
(b) using marker assisted selection of said isolated plant or regenerable portion of said selected plant for selective breeding of plants characterized by said increased biomass and/or said increased growth rate under nitrogen-limiting conditions.

19. A method of selecting a transformed plant, comprising:
(a) providing transgenic plants transformed with an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide having at least 95% sequence identity and conservative amino acid substitutions with respect to the polypeptide set forth by SEQ ID NO:589, or the polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 589, 3631, 3632, 3633, 3634, 3635, 3636, 3637, 3638, 3639, 3640, 3641, 3642, 3643, and 3645, and;
(b) selecting transformed plants for an increased leaf number, plot coverage, rosette area, rosette diameter, relative growth rate of leaf number, relative growth rate of plot coverage, and/or relative growth rate of rosette diameter under nitrogen-limiting conditions as compared to a wild type plant of the same species which is grown under the same growth conditions,
thereby selecting the plant.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein said polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 589, 3631, 3632, 3633, 3634, 3635, 3636, 3637, 3638, 3639, 3640, 3641, 3642, 3643, and 3645.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein said polypeptide is set forth by SEQ ID NO: 589.

22. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
(c) isolating plants or regenerable portion of said plants selected according to the method of claim 19 step (b) having said increased leaf number, said increased plot coverage, said increased rosette area, said increased rosette diameter, said increased relative growth rate of leaf number, said increased relative growth rate of plot coverage, and/or said increased relative growth rate of rosette diameter under said nitrogen-limiting conditions so as to obtain isolated plants or regenerable portion of said selected plants, and
(d) planting or regenerating plants from said isolated plants or regenerable portion of said selected plants to thereby obtain a plant line characterized by said increased leaf number, said increased plot coverage, said increased rosette area, said increased rosette diameter, said increased relative growth rate of leaf number, said increased relative growth rate of plot coverage, and/or said increased relative growth rate of rosette diameter under said nitrogen-limiting conditions.

23. The method of claim 19, further comprising generating a plant line by:
(a) isolating a plant or a regenerable portion of said plant selected according to the method of claim 19 step (b) having said increased leaf number, said increased plot coverage, said increased rosette area, said increased rosette diameter, said increased relative growth rate of leaf number, said increased relative growth rate of plot coverage, and/or said increased relative growth rate of rosette diameter under said nitrogen-limiting conditions so as to obtain an isolated plant or a regenerable portion of said selected plant, and
(b) using marker assisted selection of said isolated plant or regenerable portion of said selected plant for selective breeding of plants characterized by said increased leaf number, said increased plot coverage, said increased rosette area, said increased rosette diameter, said increased relative growth rate of leaf number, said increased relative growth rate of plot coverage, and/or said increased relative growth rate of rosette diameter under said nitrogen-limiting conditions.