May 11, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD— SENATE S6559 

Sen. BAUCUS. Any questions? 

VOICE. [Inaudible words.] 

NIGEL HOLLOWAY. Yeah. Let me just give 

you three principles of what’s happening in 

China right now. You have three things. You 

have what we call persistent feudalism, 

which is Confucianism—no, chaos collectively. This feudalism is part of the Chinese 

structure. This mixes in with decaying socialism. And this is socialism’s ingrown 

privilege, a party privilege. Third, you have 

rapid capitalism. You have corruption, nepotism and growth. They all jam together in 

today’s China. 

If you have this growth and if you have 

feudalism, and if you have this decaying socialism, what results is great disparties of 

wealth between provinces, et cetera. And the 

millions of people begin to move towards the 

productive areas. It’s very hard to control 

because these people live in camps. They 

have three and four children. They pay no 

attention to birth control or the national 

policy. It drives the Chinese wild—who, of 

course, have some rather draconian methods 

to keep things down. Basically, I think they 

have been very successful in keeping control 

of the population—but it’s not very pretty to 

look at. They think it’s crucial to the control of the situation. 

What they are trying to do now in a very, 

very concerted effort is beginning to move 

investment capitalism into the hinterlands, 

but they’ve got to make it competitively attractive, and that’s hard to do. They recognize the problem; they recognize it’s very serious. It’s right at the heart of how you reform state-owned enterprises. Because the 

conservatives are saying, keep the money 

flowing. Others say let them go bankrupt 

and take care of this thing through other 

means. And it ends up as gridlock in many 

cases. But, at least, I think they are acutely 

aware of the problem and are trying to deal 

with it. 

Sen. BAUCUS. You have time for one more 

question. 

QUESTION. [Inaudible words.] 

DREW LIU. We touch on the topic of the 

trade imbalance as China opens up its market. And I would like to say something more 

about the fundamental problem, the system 

problem, the structural problem. One of the 

things is transparency of the legal system. 

And if you don’t have transparency—when 

the local government, you know, the sector 

cannot break their own laws—this instantly 

creates barriers. For instance, on the WTO: 

The center wants to enter the WTO. The 

local, some of the local wants to enter the 

center also, but not without some incentive. 

But there’s some problem in it. That is how 

to guarantee the Chinese abide by these laws 

and the standards. And, there are loopholes, 

you know, that are unpredictable. Our future 

in China comes without a well established 

legal system, without transparency and due 

process. 

And the second thing is the political system. For instance, entering the WTO, whether China can do it or not politically, is a 

question. If, in entering the WTO, the center 

enforces the regulations—you know, opening 

its market—then maybe thirty percent of 

the state-owned workers will be unemployed. 

A great political problem and a great risk to 

the Chinese leadership. But are you going to 

take the risk or not take the risk? And what 

if the risk becomes threatening and then it 

[the new policy] reverses in some way. Much 

uncertainty links to the internal process of 

the Chinese system. 

JIM LILLEY. Okay. I just want to make one 

comment on agriculture. A terrible problem 

for China is that agricultural land is shrinking; the harvest is not good. They are going 

to import more and more grain. It’s going to 

be a big problem and so I would say your agriculture-export possibilities are considerable. Some estimates have China importing 

as much as 100 million tons of grain by the 

next century; they have made some bad converting mistakes in terms of agricultural 

land, industrial land. The solution, people 

say, is what they call village- and townshipenterprises: Basically capitalistic, they are 

put into the countryside, are use surplus agriculture labor to create small consumer 

items. But they’ve gone about increasing agriculture production by importing chemical 

fertilizers, by developing their own plants. 

It’s really very, very difficult for them. And 

I see a big market for agricultural products. 

Sen. BAUCUS. Okay. We have no more time! 

Let’s give a great round of applause to our 

panelists: Drew Liu, Nigel Holloway and Jim 

Lilley. Bob mentioned a packet of information which I think will be very interesting 

for everyone. I encourage you to go pick up 

a copy as you leave. I want to thank CELI 

very much for hosting this event—I want another soon. Thank you.

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∑ 

DECISION TO EXTEND NPT 

INDEFINITELY 

∑ Mr. PELL. Mr. President, international efforts to curb the spread of 

nuclear weapons were given a tremendous boost today with the decision by 

more than 170 nations to extend indefinitely the Nuclear Non-Proliferation 

Treaty. The U.S. Arms Control Agency 

and Ambassadors Ralph Earle II and 

Thomas Graham, Jr., deserve our deep 

appreciation. 

The decision by the participants in 

the NPT extension conference demonstrates their willingness to trust us 

and the other nuclear powers to continue with the effort in SALT and 

START to reduce our strategic nuclear 

arsenals, to strive eagerly and effectively to bring about an end to nuclear 

testing, and to be unflagging in efforts 

to spare the world from nuclear war 

and the threat of nuclear war. We have 

today incurred a renewed obligation to 

prove to those who trust us that their 

trust is not misplaced.

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∑ 

TRIBUTE TO INTERNATIONAL HERITAGE HALL OF FAME INDUCTEES 

∑ Mr. LEVIN. Mr. President, I would 

like to recognize the accomplishments 

of four distinguished community leaders from the Detroit area. These four 

individuals will be inducted tonight, 

Thursday, May 11, 1995, into the International Heritage Hall of Fame housed 

at Cobo Center. The inductees have 

been selected for outstanding service to 

their respective ethnic groups and the 

community at large. 

The International Institute of Metropolitan Detroit has been working since 

1919 to assist immigrants who have arrived in the Detroit metropolitan area. 

The inductions of the four 1995 honorees will bring the membership in the 

Hall of Fame, which began in 1984, to 

56. The inductees are U.S. Circuit 

Court Judge Damon J. Keith, the late 

Daniel F. Stella, Dr. Helen T. Suchara, 

and Mrs. Barbara C. VanDusen. 

U.S. Circuit Judge Damon Keith is a 

former president of the Detroit Housing Commission and former chairman 

of the Michigan Civil Rights Commission. An African-American, Keith has 

served as a Federal judge since 1967 and 

was chief judge of the U.S. District 

Court for Eastern Michigan from 1975 

to 1977. He is a graduate of West Virginia State College, the Howard University Law School, and Wayne State 

University School of Law. He also 

holds honorary doctorates from those 3 

institutions and 24 other colleges and 

universities. He has held numerous 

civic positions including national 

chairman of the Judicial Conference 

Committee on the Bicentennial of the 

U.S. Constitution, chairman of the 

Citizens Council for Michigan Public 

Universities, and general cochair of the 

United Negro College Fund. 

Daniel Stella was president for 10 

years of Friends of the International 

Institute. An Italian-American who 

died last July, Stella was instrumental 

in the establishment of the Hall of 

Fame and an active promoter of relations between Detroit and its sister 

city, Toyota, Japan. Mr. Stella was 

also a partner in the Detroit law firm 

of Dykema Gossett. He was a graduate 

of the Harvard Law School, the College 

of Holy Cross, and the London School 

of Economics and Political Science, 

and a member of the Michigan and 

California bars, among others. He was 

a director of the Detroit and Windsor 

Japan-American Society and a member 

of the Association for Asian Studies, 

American Citizens for Justice, the 

Michigan Oriental Arts Society, and 

the Founders Society and Friends of 

Asian Art of the Detroit Institute of 

Arts. Mr. Stella also served in Vietnam 

with the U.S. Navy Judge Advocate 

General’s Corps. 

Helen Suchara, a retired educator, 

last served as director of the Office of 

Student Teaching at Wayne State University. A Polish-American, she was a 

Peace Corps volunteer in Poland from 

1990 to 1992 and has begun a new career 

in public service since her retirement. 

She holds positions on the Madonna 

College Social Work Advisory Board 

and the board of regents of Saginaw 

Valley State University. She received 

bachelor’s and master’s degrees from 

Wayne State University and a doctorate from Columbia University. She 

taught at WSU, Columbia, the University of Delaware, the University of Virginia, and Wheelock College in Boston, 

and earlier in public schools in Detroit 

and Howell, MI. She has worked on the 

boards of the International Institute 

and Friends of the International Institute. She has also worked in affiliation 

with the Polish-American Congress of 

Michigan Scholarship Committee, the 

Catholic Social Services of Wayne 

County, the Michigan Elementary 

School Curriculum Committee, and the 

Dominican Sisters of Oxford Formation 

Committee. 

Barbara VanDusen is a member of 

the executive committee of Detroit 

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S6560 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD— SENATE May 11, 1995 

Symphony Orchestra Hall and cochair 

of the Greater Detroit Inter-faith 

Roundtable of the National Conference 

of Christians and Jews. An EnglishAmerican who also has Cornish, Irish, 

Dutch, and Scottish heritage, she is 

the widow of Richard VanDusen, 

former chairman of the Greater Detroit 

Chamber of Commerce. Holder of a 1949 

bachelor’s degree from Smith College, 

she has also been involved in numerous 

community organizations as a trustee 

of the Community Foundation for 

Southeastern Michigan and as a member of the governing boards of the 

Michigan Nature Conservancy and the 

World Wildlife Fund. 

I know my Senate colleagues and the 

people of Michigan join me in congratulating these distinguished members of the metropolitan Detroit community. Their commitment to their 

communities and to public service is an 

example to us all. We thank them for 

their extraordinary efforts.

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∑ 

TRIBUTE TO THE VOLUNTEERS OF 

HOSPICE CARE, INC. 

∑ Mr. LIEBERMAN. Mr. President, I 

rise today to acknowledge the volunteers of Hospice Care and their longtime commitment to care for people 

with life-threatening illnesses. Founded in 1981, Hospice Care, Inc., of Connecticut has been providing patients 

and their families with medical care 

and other support services that are 

crucial during difficult times. For over 

a decade these highly trained volunteers, along with the organization’s 

professionals, have provided more than 

2,000 patients and their loved ones with 

home care, inpatient care, and assistance whenever needed. Volunteers are 

also involved in administrative work, 

public awareness, fundraising, and act 

on the board of directors. 

Many of the volunteers have been 

dedicated to the organization since its 

founding and will continue to give 

their time and energy to help their fellow residents of Connecticut. With 

their hard work and dedication they 

have provided important medical and 

moral support to those who are ill or 

suffer from the loss of a loved one. 

Through their selfless behavior the volunteers of Hospice Care Inc. have positively influenced the lives of many 

members of their communities. 

I am proud to acknowledge the success and commitment of Hospice Care’s 

volunteers. They have shown what can 

be achieved with private initiative and 

have thereby contributed to the welfare of Connecticut.

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∑ 

COMMENDING REBECCA S. FINLEY 

∑ Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, I am 

delighted today to bring to the attention of my colleagues the installation 

next month of Rebecca S. Finley, 

Pharm.D, M.S., as the president of the 

American Society of Health-System 

Pharmacists at the society’s 52d annual meeting in Philadelphia. 

ASHP is the 30,000-member national 

professional association that represents pharmacists who practice in 

hospitals, health maintenance organizations, long-term facilities, home care 

agencies, and other components of 

health care systems. 

Early in her career, Dr. Finley made 

the professional commitment to practice, research, write, and teach pharmacy in the challenging field of clinical oncology. She currently directs 

the section of pharmacy services and is 

associate professor of oncology at the 

University of Maryland Cancer Center 

in Baltimore. She holds an appointment as associate professor in the department of clinical pharmacy at the 

university’s school of pharmacy. 

Dr. Finley received her bachelor of 

science and doctor of pharmacy degrees 

from the University of Cincinnati and a 

master of science in institutional pharmacy from the University of Maryland. 

On behalf of my colleagues, Mr. 

President, I want to extend my best 

wishes to Dr. Finlay in her tenure as 

president of ASHP. I look forward to 

working with her and the society on 

health care issues in the years to 

come.∑ 

f 

NOMINATION OF JOHN M. DEUTCH, 

OF MASSACHUSETTS, TO BE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE 

∑ Mr. MOYNIHAN. Mr. President, I 

thank my gallant friend from Nebraska. I rise in support of the position 

he has taken and also that of the distinguished chairman of the committee, 

the Senator from Pennsylvania. 

In the 103d Congress and then the 

104th, I offered legislation that would 

basically break up the existing Central 

Intelligence Agency and return its 

component parts to the Department of 

Defense and the Department of State. 

This in the manner that the Office of 

Strategic Services was divided and parceled out at the end of World War II. 

I had hoped to encourage a debate on 

the role of intelligence and of secrecy 

in American society. That debate has 

taken place. Some of the results, I 

think, can be seen in the nomination of 

a distinguished scientist and public 

servant, John Deutch, to this position. 

This could not have been more clear 

in his testimony. He made a point, selfevident we would suppose, but not frequently to be encountered in a pronouncement of a potential DCI. He 

said: 

Espionage does not rest comfortably in a 

democracy. Secrecy, which is essential to 

protect sources and methods, is not welcome 

in an open society. If our democracy is to 

support intelligence activities, the people 

must be confident that our law and rules will 

be respected. 

It may have come as a surprise—although it ought not to have—in recent 

months and weeks, to find how many 

persons there are in this country who 

do not have confidence that our laws 

and rules will be respected; who see the 

Government in conspiratorial modes, 

directed against the people in ways 

that could be of huge consequence to 

Americans. 

Richard Hofstadter referred to this 

disposition when he spoke of ‘‘The 

Paranoid Style in American Politics.’’

Thus, for example, the widespread belief that the CIA was somehow involved 

in the assassination of President Kennedy. 

It is important to understand how 

deep this disposition is in our society. 

In 1956, even before Hofstadter spoke of 

it, Edward A. Shils of the University of 

Chicago—a great, great, social scientist, who has just passed away—published his book, ‘‘The Torment of Secrecy,’’ in which he wrote: 

The exfoliation and intertwinement of the 

various patterns of belief that the world is 

dominated by unseen circles of conspirators, 

operating behind our backs, is one of the 

characteristic features of modern society. 

Such a belief was very much a feature of the Bolshevik regime that took 

shape in Russia in 1917 and 1918. Hence 

the decision to help found and fund in 

the United States a Communist Party, 

part of which would be clandestine. 

The recent discovery in the archives in 

Moscow that John Reed received a payment of 1,008,000 rubles in 1920. As soft 

money, that would be a very considerable sum today. 

It is said that organizations in conflict become like one other. There is a 

degree to which we have emulated the 

Soviet model in our own intelligence 

services. A very powerful essay on this 

matter has just been written by Jefferson Morley in the Washington Post 

under the headline ‘‘Understanding 

Oklahoma’’ in an article entitled ‘‘Department of Secrecy: The Invisible Bureaucracy That Unites Alienated 

America in Suspicion.’’

I would refer also to Douglas Turner 

this weekend in the Buffalo News. I 

spoke of these concerns in an earlier 

statement on the Senate floor entitled 

‘‘The Paranoid Style in American Politics,’’ which I ask unanimous consent 

be printed in the RECORD. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without 

objection, it is so ordered. 

(See exhibit 1.) 

Mr. MOYNIHAN. Mr. President, what 

we have today is so much at variance 

with what was thought we would get. 

Allen Dulles was very much part of the 

foundation of postwar intelligence, 

having been in the OSS, serving with 

great distinction in Switzerland during 

World War II. Peter Grose, in his new 

biography, ‘‘Gentleman Spy: The Life 

of Allen Dulles,’’ recounts the testimony Dulles gave before the Senate 

Armed Services Committee on April 25, 

1947, as we were about to enact the National Security Act of 1947 which created a small coordinating body, the 

Central Intelligence Agency. 

Personnel for a central intelligence agency, he argued, ‘‘need not be very numerous 

* * *. The operation of the service must be 

neither flamboyant nor overshrouded with 

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