1 

STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA

SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS

Tri-County Towing, LLC, 

Plaintiff Below, Petitioner

vs.) No. 21-0920 (Greenbrier County 21-C-62) 

City of Lewisburg, 

Defendant Below, Respondent

MEMORANDUM DECISION

Petitioner Tri-County Towing, LLC (“Tri-County”) appeals the order of the Circuit Court 

of Greenbrier County, entered on October 13, 2021, granting Respondent City of Lewisburg’s 

(“the City’s”) motion to dismiss.

1

 In its lone assignment of error, Tri-County argues that there are 

genuine issues of material fact that disfavor dismissal and that the complaint states facts upon 

which relief could be granted. We review a circuit court’s order granting a motion to dismiss a 

complaint de novo. Syl. Pt. 2, State ex rel. McGraw v. Scott Runyan Pontiac-Buick, Inc., 194 W. 

Va. 770, 461 S.E.2d 516 (1995). Upon our review, we determine that oral argument is unnecessary 

and that disposition by memorandum decision is appropriate. See W. Va. R. App. Proc. 21. 

Tri-County filed a complaint seeking declaratory judgment and an order directing the city

to adhere to the “County Wrecker Rotation Policy” adopted pursuant to West Virginia Code § 24-

6-12.2 The City filed a motion to dismiss pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) of the West Virginia Rules of 

Civil Procedure for failure to state a claim on which relief could be granted on alternate theories. 

First, the City argued that it is protected by statutory immunity under West Virginia Code § 29-

12A-5. Second, it argued that West Virginia Code § 24-6-12 does not create a private cause of 

action and does not apply to municipalities that do not operate an emergency telephone system. 

1 Petitioner appears by counsel Anthony M. Salvatore. Respondent appears by counsel 

Thomas W. White and Esha S. Simon. 

2

 West Virginia Code § 24-6-12(a) provides: 

Every three years, the county commission of each county or the 

municipality operating an emergency telephone system or an 

enhanced emergency telephone system shall, in consultation with all 

public safety units, public agencies and all available towing services 

registered as common carriers pursuant to the provisions of chapter 

twenty-four-a of this code, establish a policy that provides for the 

most prompt, fair, equitable and effective response to requests or 

dispatches for emergency towing services.

FILED

April 5, 2023

EDYTHE NASH GAISER, CLERK

SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS

OF WEST VIRGINIA
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The circuit court applied State ex rel. City of Bridgeport v. Marks, 233 W. Va. 449, 453, 759 S.E.2d 

192, 196 (2014), which states that “[e]ven a cursory reading of West Virginia Code § 24-6-12 

demonstrates that there is no statutorily-created private cause of action which would permit towing 

companies to independently dispute the operation of or deviation from a county’s towing policy.” 

On this basis, the circuit court granted the City’s motion to dismiss. 

In this review, we must determine whether the circuit court erred in finding that Tri-County 

Towing’s complaint failed to state a claim upon which relief could be granted. Crucially,

“‘“[w]hether a complaint states a claim upon which relief may be granted is 

to be determined solely from the provisions of such complaint[.]” Syl. pt. 3, in part, 

Barker v. Traders Bank, 152 W. Va. 774, 166 S.E.2d 331 (1969).’ Syl. Pt. 2, Par 

Mar v. City of Parkersburg, 183 W. Va. 706, 398 S.E.2d 532 (1990).” Syllabus 

point 11, Vanderpool v. Hunt, 241 W. Va. 254, 823 S.E.2d 526 (2019).

Syl. Pt. 2, Newton v. Morgantown Mach. & Hydraulics of W. Virginia, Inc., 242 W. Va. 650, 838 

S.E.2d 734 (2019). Our endeavor to consider the sufficiency of the provisions of the complaint is 

impeded, however, because the parties failed to produce a copy of the complaint in the appendix 

record on appeal.

We recently reiterated, in State v. Delorenzo, ___ W. Va. ___, ___ S.E.2d ___ (2022), that 

we take as “‘non[-]existing all facts that do not appear in the [appendix] record’” (citation omitted).

In Delorenzo, as here, the petitioner failed to produce documents central to the assignments of 

error on appeal. And here, as in Delorenzo, “[t]he only evidence in the appendix for this Court for 

review in connection with this assignment of error is the circuit court’s . . . order” (id.), from which 

we glean the pertinent facts. 

To succeed in its appeal, it is incumbent on Tri-County Towing to demonstrate error

because

“‘[a]n appellant must carry the burden of showing error in the judgment of 

which he complains. This Court will not reverse the judgment of a trial court unless 

error affirmatively appears from the record. Error will not be presumed, all 

presumptions being in favor of the correctness of the judgment.’ Syllabus Point 5, 

Morgan v. Price, 151 W. Va. 158, 150 S.E.2d 897 (1966).” Syllabus point 2, In re 

Visitation of L.M., 245 W. Va. 328, 859 S.E.2d 271 (2021).

Delorenzo, at Syl. Pt. 4. We are unable to review Tri-County Towing’s complaint and we, 

therefore, assume the correctness of the judgment of the circuit court, which had the opportunity 

to review the complaint’s provisions.

For the foregoing reasons, we affirm.

Affirmed.
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ISSUED: April 5, 2023

CONCURRED IN BY:

Chief Justice Elizabeth D. Walker 

Justice Tim Armstead

Justice John A. Hutchison

Justice William R. Wooton

Justice C. Haley Bunn