News United States Air Force
 ISR, cyber coordinate capabilities for maximum effect at Red FlagPublished Feb. 7, 2017
                        
                        By Lori A. Bultman
                        
                        
                        25th Air Force
                **JOINT BASE SAN ANTONIO – LACKLAND, Texas (AFNS) --**
                Created in 1975, Red Flag was established by Gen. Robert J. Dixon, then commander of Tactical Air Command, to more realistically train forces for combat. This year’s first Red Flag, 17-1 at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada, has today’s intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance warriors thinking about the many kinetic, or traditional weapon, and non-kinetic, information warfare, effects they can produce in battle scenarios.When training for war, in addition to the physical effects from bullets and bombs, there can also be battle damage results involving technology that are not so clearly seen, said Lt. Col. Neal, the 25th Air Force operations division chief.  Col. Robert Cole, the Air Forces Cyber Forward director, said rather than thinking about war from a domain-centric perspective, future battles will be fought with combined effects. “In the past, the non-kinetic effects were not fully integrated into the kinetic fight,” Cole said. Now, Red Flag is integrating unseen effects into multi-domain operations to include kinetic, cyber, ISR and electronic warfare, Cole said. “This integration in an exercise environment allows our planners and warfighters to understand how to best integrate these, learn their capabilities and limitations, and become ready to use [these combined resources for maximum] effect against our adversaries,” he said. "For example, think about the movie ‘Black Hawk Down.’ As the U.S. task force was moving from the air base to Mogadishu, there were a number of spotters that alerted enemy forces,” Cole said. Consider if cyber was used to coordinate contact with the spotters and tell them to walk away or be targeted, he said. A key component for coordinating all the different silent effects during battle is the non-kinetic duty officer.“We are bringing the non-kinetic duty officers into the fight at Red Flag,” Neal said. “These experts in ISR and cyberwarfare are the newest weapons in our command and control arsenal.” The 25th Air Force kick started the Numbered Air Force non-kinetic duty officer initiative with the development of a five-day Red Flag NKDO course in preparation for Red Flag 17-1.  “This course has proven its worth, as it not only provided curriculum bridging the air, space and cyber effects in warfare, but it also produced a multi-domain NKDO team readied for Red Flag 17-1,” said Joe Delgado, the 25th Air Force ISR Operations Integration and Exercises deputy chief. The 14th, 24th and 25th Air Forces’ NKDOs, with coalition augmentation, are performing well ahead of week one Red Flag standards, according to Delgado. At the end of 17-1, week one, 25th Air Force wings, including Air Force National-Tactical Integration Teams from the 70th ISR Wing, are having marked success and appear to be performing better than typical ISR participants, Delgado said.  The specialized cryptologic analysts from the NTI teams are providing time-sensitive, high impact, national-level intelligence to numerous exercise participants, said Garland Henderson, operational integration branch chief, 25th Air Force. The 25th Air Force is also pursuing the successful employment of the newly operational Net-Centric Collaborative Targeting system at this Red Flag, Henderson said. “The plan is to utilize NCCT to coordinate multiple sources of intelligence for situational awareness or to take action,” he said. “Applying lessons learned from previous Red Flag events, NTI at 17-1 has excelled by reaching out to other ISR partners, such as the Distributed Common Ground Station, to ensure critical data is passed in a timely manner.   “The realistic warfare challenges at Red Flag create an ideal environment for capabilities, like NCCT, to prove their worth in a time-sensitive, task saturated scenario involving the integration of multiple ISR assets,” Henderson continued. A typical Red Flag exercise involves a wide variety of aircraft, as well as ground-based command and control, space and cyber forces. It has expanded in recent years to include all spectrums of warfare, including command, control, intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance and electronic warfare.ISR 



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