For use at 12:00 p.m., eastern time 

September 16, 2011 

FEDERAL RESERVE statistical release

Z.1 

 

Flow of Funds Accounts 

of the United States

Flows and Outstandings

Second Quarter 2011

Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Washington DC 20551
CFlow of Funds Summary Statistics 

Second Quarter 2011 

Debt of the domestic nonfinancial sectors expanded 

at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 3 percent in 

the second quarter of 2011, about one percentage 

point faster than the pace registered in the first 

quarter. 

 

Household debt declined at an annual rate of 1⁄2 

percent in the second quarter, continuing its 

contraction since the first quarter of 2008. Home 

mortgage debt fell at an annual rate of 21⁄2 percent in 

the second quarter, about the same pace of decline as 

in the previous quarter. In contrast, consumer credit 

rose at an annual rate of 31⁄2 percent, the third 

consecutive quarter of increase. 

Nonfinancial business debt rose at an annual rate of 4 

percent in the second quarter, following an increase 

of nearly 3 percent in the first quarter of this year. 

Corporate bonds outstanding and business loans 

increased while commercial mortgage debt continued 

to decline, albeit at a more moderate pace than during 

the previous year and a half. 

State and local government debt fell about 31⁄4 

percent at an annual rate in the second quarter. 

Federal government debt increased at an annual rate

of 81⁄2 percent in the second quarter. 

At the end of the second quarter of 2011, the level of 

domestic nonfinancial debt outstanding was $36.5 

trillion; household debt was $13.3 trillion, 

nonfinancial business debt was just over $11 trillion, 

and total government debt was $12.2 trillion. 

Household net worth—the difference between the 

value of assets and liabilities—was $58.5 trillion at 

the end of the second quarter, about $150 billion less 

than at the end of the previous quarter. 

Growth of Domestic Nonfinancial DebtP

1

P

Percentage changes; quarterly data are seasonally adjusted annual rates 

 Total Households Business State and 

local govts. Federal 

2001 6.3 9.6 5.7 8.8 -0.2 

2002 7.4 10.8 2.8 11.1 7.6 

2003 8.1 11.9 2.2 8.3 10.9 

2004 8.9 11.1 6.2 7.3 9.0 

2005 9.5 11.1 8.6 10.2 7.0 

 

2006 9.0 10.0 10.6 8.3 3.9 

2007 8.6 6.7 13.1 9.5 4.9 

2008 6.0 0.2 5.5 2.3 24.2 

2009 3.1 -1.6 -2.7 4.9 22.7 

2010 4.2 -2.0 0.4 4.5 20.2 

 

2010:Q1 3.5 -3.1 -0.5 4.5 20.6 

 Q2 3.9 -2.1 -1.7 -0.3 22.5 

 Q3 3.9 -2.1 1.4 4.8 16.0 

 Q4 5.1 -0.8 2.2 8.9 16.4 

 

2011:Q1 1.9 -2.0 2.8 -4.2 7.9 

 Q2 3.0 -0.6 4.0 -3.2 8.6 

1. Changes shown are on an end-of-period basis. 

 
Table of Contents 

Title Table Page 

Flow of Funds Accounts, Second Quarter 2011 1 

Availability of Data for Latest Quarter 4 

Credit Market Debt Growth by Sector D.1 7 

Credit Market Borrowing by Sector D.2 8 

Credit Market Debt Outstanding by Sector D.3 9 

Flows Levels

Title Table Page Table Page 

Summaries 

Total Credit Market Borrowing and Lending F.1 10 L.1 61 

Credit Market Borrowing by Nonfinancial Sectors F.2 11 L.2 62 

Credit Market Borrowing by Financial Sectors F.3 11 L.3 62 

Credit Market Borrowing, All Sectors, by Instrument F.4 12 L.4 63 

Total Liabilities and Its Relation to Total Financial Assets F.5 12 L.5 63 

Distribution of Gross Domestic Product F.6 13 

Distribution of National Income F.7 14 

Saving and Investment F.8 15 

Net Capital Transfers F.9 16 

Derivation of Measures of Personal Saving F.10 17 L.10 64 

 
Flows Levels

Title Table Page Table Page

Sectors 

Households and Nonprofit Organizations F.100 18 L.100 65 

Nonfinancial Business F.101 19 L.101 66 

Nonfarm Nonfinancial Corporate Business F.102 20 L.102 67 

Nonfarm Noncorporate Business F.103 21 L.103 68 

Farm Business F.104 21 L.104 68 

State and Local Governments F.105 22 L.105 69 

Federal Government F.106 23 L.106 69 

Rest of the World F.107 24 L.107 70 

Financial Business F.108 25 L.108 71 

Monetary Authority F.109 26 L.109 72 

U.S.-Chartered Commercial Banks F.110 27 L.110 73 

Foreign Banking Offices in U.S. F.111 28 L.111 74 

Bank Holding Companies F.112 29 L.112 75 

Banks in U.S.-Affiliated Areas F.113 29 L.113 75 

Savings Institutions F.114 30 L.114 76 

Credit Unions F.115 31 L.115 77 

Property-Casualty Insurance Companies F.116 31 L.116 77 

Life Insurance Companies F.117 32 L.117 78 

Private Pension Funds F.118 32 L.118 78 

State and Local Government Employee Retirement Funds F.119 33 L.119 79 

Federal Government Retirement Funds F.120 33 L.120 79 

Money Market Mutual Funds F.121 34 L.121 80 

Mutual Funds F.122 34 L.122 80 

Closed-End and Exchange-Traded Funds F.123 34 L.123 80 

Government-Sponsored Enterprises F.124 35 L.124 81 
Flows Levels

Title Table Page Table Page

Agency- and GSE-Backed Mortgage Pools F.125 35 L.125 81 

Issuers of Asset-Backed Securities F.126 36 L.126 82 

Finance Companies F.127 36 L.127 82 

Real Estate Investment Trusts F.128 37 L.128 83 

Security Brokers and Dealers F.129 38 L.129 84 

Funding Corporations F.130 38 L.130 84 

Instruments 

U.S. Official Reserve Assets F.200 39 L.200 85 

Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) Certificates and Treasury Currency F.201 39 L.201 85 

U.S. Deposits in Foreign Countries F.202 39 L.202 85 

Net Interbank Transactions F.203 40 L.203 86 

Checkable Deposits and Currency F.204 41 L.204 87 

Time and Savings Deposits F.205 42 L.205 88 

Money Market Mutual Fund Shares F.206 42 L.206 88 

Federal Funds and Security Repurchase Agreements F.207 43 L.207 89 

Open Market Paper F.208 43 L.208 89 

Treasury Securities F.209 44 L.209 90 

Agency- and GSE-Backed Securities F.210 45 L.210 91

Municipal Securities and Loans F.211 46 L.211 92 

Corporate and Foreign Bonds F.212 47 L.212 93 

Corporate Equities F.213 48 L.213 94 

Mutual Fund Shares F.214 48 L.214 94 

Bank Loans Not Elsewhere Classified F.215 49 L.215 95 

Other Loans and Advances F.216 50 L.216 96 
 Flows Levels

Title Table Page Table Page

Total Mortgages F.217 51 L.217 97 

Home Mortgages F.218 52 L.218 98 

Multifamily Residential Mortgages F.219 52 L.219 98 

Commercial Mortgages F.220 53 L.220 99 

Farm Mortgages F.221 53 L.221 99 

Consumer Credit F.222 54 L.222 100 

Trade Credit F.223 54 L.223 100 

Security Credit F.224 54 L.224 100 

Life Insurance and Pension Fund Reserves F.225 55 L.225 101 

Taxes Payable by Businesses F.226 55 L.226 101 

Proprietors' Equity in Noncorporate Business F.227 55 L.227 101 

Total Miscellaneous Financial Claims F.228 56 L.228 102 

 Identified Miscellaneous Financial Claims - Part I F.229 57 L.229 103 

Identified Miscellaneous Financial Claims - Part II F.230 58 L.230 104 

Unidentified Miscellaneous Financial Claims F.231 59 L.231 105 

Sector Discrepancies F.11 60 

Instrument Discrepancies F.12 60 

Balance Reconciliation

Sheet

Title Table Page Table Page 

Balance Sheet and Reconciliation Tables

Households and Nonprofit Organizations B.100 106 R.100 109 

Nonfinancial Corporate Business B.102 107 R.102 110

Nonfarm Noncorporate Business B.103 108 R.103 111 
Flows Levels

Title Table Page Table Page

Supplementary Tables 

Nonprofit Organizations F.100.a 112 L.100.a 113 

Consolidated Statement for Federal, State, and Local Governments F.106.c 114 L.106.c 115 

Private Pension Funds: Defined Benefit Plans F.118.b 116 L.118.b 117 

Private Pension Funds: Defined Contribution Plans F.118.c 116 L.118.c 117 

Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) F.225.i 116 L.225.i 117 

Flow of Funds Matrix for 2010 118 119 

Balance Sheet of Households and Nonprofit Organizations 

 with Equity Detail B.100.e 120 
Flow of Funds Accounts, Second Quarter 2011 

This publication presents the Flow of Funds 

Accounts for 2011:Q2. 

Data revisions and other changes. The statistics in 

the attached tables reflect the use of new or revised 

source data. Most significant revisions appear in 

recent quarters; however, new source information 

resulted in changes to data for earlier periods. 

1. The web-based guide to the Flow of Funds 

Accounts has been expanded to include two new 

features. The “Release Highlights” page lists major 

data revisions and other changes to the accounts in a 

searchable format for all Z.1 releases beginning with 

2004:Q1. The “Code Changes” page lists changes to 

flow of funds mnemonics in a sortable and searchable 

format beginning with 2009:Q4. The guide is located 

at: 

http://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/

2. Seasonal factors for quarterly flows have 

been recalculated for the period 2001:Q1 forward. 

The seasonal factors were generated using the X-12-

ARIMA/88 seasonal adjustment program from 

Statistics Canada. The seasonals of several series

received special treatment due to the recent financial 

crisis: seasonal factors for money market mutual fund 

assets and those for federal government deposits at

the Federal Reserve and commercial banks were not 

revised. 

3. The statistics in this publication reflect the 

annual revisions to the national income and product

accounts (NIPAs) from 2003 forward released by the 

Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) of the 

Department of Commerce on July 29, 2011, and 

subsequent information for 2011:Q2 released on 

August 26, 2011. The August 2011 issue of the 

Survey of Current Business provides details on the 

major features of this annual revision. 

4. Data for investment and depreciation flows 

of all sectors, and capital stocks for the household, 

nonfarm nonfinancial corporate business, and 

nonfarm noncorporate business sectors have been 

revised to reflect updated annual estimates of fixed 

assets from the BEA. 

5. Revisions to the rest of the world sector (tables

F.107 and L.107) reflect new estimates of the balance 

of payments and the international investment position 

from the BEA for 2007 through 2010. The new 

estimates are detailed in the July 2011 issue of the 

Survey of Current Business. 

6. A new table for the financial business sector 

(tables F.108 and L.108) has been added to the Flow 

of Funds Accounts (Z.1). The total commercial 

banking sector, which aggregated the U.S.-chartered

commercial banks, foreign banking offices in U.S., 

bank holding companies, and banks in U.S.-affiliated 

areas, has been deleted from the accounts. The 

monetary authority sector, previously shown on 

tables F.108 and L.108, has been renumbered and is 

now shown on tables F.109 and L.109. 

7. The tables for bank loans not elsewhere 

classified (tables F.215 and L.215) and net interbank 

transactions (tables F.203 and L.203) have been 

redesigned to reflect the deletion of the total 

commercial banking concept and to present 

information for these two transaction tables more 

clearly. 

Explanatory notes for tables D.1, D.2, and D.3. 

Domestic debt comprises credit market funds 

borrowed by U.S. entities from both domestic and 

foreign sources, while foreign debt represents 

amounts borrowed by foreign financial and 

nonfinancial entities in U.S. markets only. Financial 

sectors consist of government-sponsored enterprises, 

agency- and GSE-backed mortgage pools, the 

monetary authority, and private financial institutions. 

Credit market debt consists of debt securities, 

mortgages, bank loans, commercial paper, consumer 

credit, U.S. government loans, and other loans and 

advances; it excludes trade debt, loans for the 

purpose of carrying securities, and funds raised from 

equity sources. This definition is consistent with the 

presentation of credit market borrowing and lending

on tables F.1 through F.4. Net lending (+) or net 

borrowing (-) on the individual sector tables and the 

matrix is defined as net acquisition of financial assets 

less net increase in liabilities. 

Growth rates in table D.1 are calculated by dividing 

seasonally adjusted flows from table D.2 by 

seasonally adjusted levels at the end of the previous 

period from table D.3. Seasonally adjusted levels in 

flow of funds statistics are derived by carrying 

forward year-end levels by seasonally adjusted flows. 

1 
Growth rates calculated from changes in unadjusted 

levels printed in table L.2 can differ from those in 

table D.1. 

Relation of Flows to Outstandings. Estimates of 

financial assets and liabilities outstanding are linked 

to data on flows. However, figures on outstandings

contain discontinuities or breaks in series that could 

affect analysis of particular relationships over time. 

Specifically, outstandings in the Flow of Funds 

Accounts are related to flows in the following way:

Outstanding B

t

B = Outstanding B

t-1B+ Flow Bt

B+ DiscontinuityB

t

B 

where “t” is the time period. 

Discontinuities result from changes in valuation, 

breaks in source data, and changes in definitions. For 

most series, the value of the discontinuity is zero for 

nearly all time periods. However, in a few instances, 

the discontinuity is nonzero for almost all time 

periods, or is quite large in a particular quarter, such 

as a period when there is a sharp increase or decrease 

in equity prices or a major break in source data. 

The discontinuities in a series can distort estimated 

rates of growth in assets and liabilities between 

periods. In order to minimize these distortions, 

percentage changes in assets and liabilities in flow of 

funds releases should be calculated as: 

Percentage change B

t

B = (Flow B

t

B / Outstanding B

t-1B) * 100 

Preliminary Estimates. Figures shown for the most 

recent quarter in these tables are based on 

preliminary and incomplete information. A summary 

list of the principal sources of information available 

when the latest quarter's data were compiled is 

provided in a table following this introduction. The 

distinction between “available” data and “missing” 

data is not between final and preliminary versions of 

data, but rather between those source estimates that 

are fully ready when the latest quarterly publication 

is compiled and those that are not yet completed. 

However, the items that are shown as available are, in 

general, also preliminary in the sense that they are 

subject to revision by source agencies. 

Margins of Uncertainty. Flow of funds statistics are 

subject to uncertainties resulting from measurement

errors in source data, incompatibilities among data

from different sources, potential revisions in both

financial and nonfinancial series, and incomplete data 

in parts of the accounts. The size of these 

uncertainties cannot be quantified in precise 

statistical terms, but allowance for them is explicitly 

made throughout the accounts by the inclusion of 

“discrepancies” for various sectors and instrument 

types. A discrepancy for a sector is the difference

between its measured sources of funds and its 

measured uses of funds. For an instrument category,

a discrepancy is the difference between measured 

funds borrowed through the financial instrument and

measured funds lent through that instrument. The size 

of such discrepancies relative to the main asset or

liability components is one indication of the quality 

of source data, especially on an annual basis. For

quarterly data, differences in seasonal adjustment 

procedures for financial and nonfinancial components 

of the accounts sometimes result in discrepancies that 

cancel in annual data. 

Availability of Data. Flow of funds statistics are 

updated about ten weeks following the end of a 

quarter. This publication — the Z.1 release — is 

available from the Board's Publications Services. 

Flow of funds data are also available electronically 

through the Internet at the following location: 

www.federalreserve.gov/releases/Z1

This Internet site also provides coded tables and 

historical annual tables beginning in 1945 that 

correspond to the tables published in this release.

There are also compressed ASCII files of quarterly 

data for seasonally adjusted flows, unadjusted flows, 

outstandings, balance sheets, debt (tables D.1, D.2, 

and D.3), and supplementary tables. 

In addition, these data, as well as data for the 

quarterly and annual Integrated Macroeconomic 

Accounts for the United States tables, are available as 

customizable download datasets through the Data 

Download Program (DDP) at the following location: 

www.federalreserve.gov/datadownload/Choose.aspx?rel=Z.1 

An interactive, web-based guide to the Flow of Funds 

Accounts is available through the Z.1 release page.

The tools and descriptions within this guide are 

designed to help users explore the structure and 

content of the Z.1 and the Integrated Macroeconomic

Accounts.

Subscription Information. The Federal Reserve 

Board charges for subscriptions to all statistical 

releases. Inquiries for releases should be directed to: 

Publications Services, Stop 127 

Board of Governors 

of the Federal Reserve System 

20th Street and Constitution Avenue, N.W. 

Washington, DC 20551 

(202) 452-3244 

2 
[THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] 

3 
Availability of Data for Latest Quarter 

UAvailable at time of publicationU UMajor items missingU 

1. National income and product 

accounts (NIPA) 

Second estimate, seasonally adjusted, 

for 2011:Q2. 

Unadjusted flows since 2006. 

 2. Households and nonprofit 

organizations sector 

 (tables F.100 and L.100) 

Estimates for this sector are largely residuals and are derived from data for 

other sectors. Availability of data depends on schedules for other sectors. 

Data for consumer credit, which are estimated directly, are available through 

2011:Q2. The source for nonprofit organizations data (tables F.100.a and 

L.100.a) is the Internal Revenue Service Statistics of Income. Data for 

nonprofit organizations are available for 1987 through 2000. 

 3. Nonfarm nonfinancial corporate 

business 

 (tables F.102 and L.102) 

Quarterly Financial Report (QFR) of 

the Census Bureau through 2011:Q2; 

Internal Revenue Service Statistics of 

Income (IRS/SOI) data through 2009; 

securities offerings, mortgages, bank 

loans, commercial paper, and other 

loans through 2011:Q2. 

Statistics of Income data since 

2009. 

 4. Nonfarm noncorporate business 

 (tables F.103 and L.103) 

IRS/SOI data through 2008; bank and 

finance company loans and mortgage 

borrowing through 2011:Q2. 

Statistics of Income data since 

2008. 

 5. Farm business 

 (tables F.104 and L.104) 

Mortgages, bank loans, loans from 

government-sponsored enterprises, U.S. 

government loans to farms, and equity 

in government-sponsored enterprises 

through 2011:Q2; preliminary data for 

checkable deposits and currency and 

trade payables through 2010. 

Consumption of fixed capital and 

undistributed profits since 2010. 

 6. State and local governments 

 (tables F.105 and L.105) 

Gross offerings and retirements of 

municipal securities, deposits at banks, 

and nonmarketable U.S. government 

security issues through 2011:Q2; total 

financial assets through 2008:Q2 from 

the Census Bureau; breakdown of 

financial assets through 2004:Q2 from 

the comprehensive annual financial 

reports of state and local governments. 

Total financial assets since 

2008:Q2 and selected financial 

asset detail since 2004:Q2. 

 7. Federal government 

 (tables F.106 and L.106) 

Data from the Monthly Treasury 

Statement of Receipts and Outlays and 

Treasury data for loan programs and the 

Troubled Assets Relief Program 

(TARP) through 2011:Q2. 

None. 

4 
 8. Rest of the world 

 (U.S. international transactions) 

 (tables F.107 and L.107) 

Balance of payments data through 

2011:Q2. NIPA estimates; data from 

bank Reports of Condition and from 

Treasury International Capital System 

through 2011:Q2. 

None. 

 9. Monetary authority 

 (tables F.109 and L.109) 

All data through 2011:Q2. None. 

10. U.S.-chartered commercial banks 

 (tables F.110 and L.110) 

All data through 2011:Q2. None. 

11. Foreign banking offices in U.S. 

 (tables F.111 and L.111) 

All data through 2011:Q2. None. 

12. Bank holding companies 

 (table F.112 and L.112) 

All data through 2011:Q2. None. 

13. Banks in U.S.-affiliated areas 

 (tables F.113 and L.113) 

All data through 2011:Q2 for 

commercial banks in U.S.-affiliated 

areas. All data through 2010 for 

branches of domestic commercial banks 

located in U.S.-affiliated areas. 

Data since 2010 for branches of 

domestic commercial banks 

located in U.S.-affiliated areas. 

14. Savings institutions 

 (tables F.114 and L.114) 

All data through 2011:Q2. None. 

15. Credit unions 

 (tables F.115 and L.115) 

All data through 2011:Q2. None. 

16. Property-casualty insurance 

companies 

 (tables F.116 and L.116) 

All data through 2011:Q2. None. 

17. Life insurance companies 

 (tables F.117 and L.117) 

All data through 2011:Q2. None. 

18. Private pension funds 

 (tables F.118 and L.118) 

Internal Revenue Service/Department of 

Labor/Pension Benefit Guaranty 

Corporation Form 5500 data through 

2007. 

Form 5500 data since 2007. 

19. State and local government 

employee retirement funds 

 (tables F.119 and L.119) 

Detailed data through 2008:Q2 from the 

Census Bureau; sample data through 

2011:Q2 from the Census Bureau. 

Detailed data since 2008:Q2. 

20. Federal government retirement 

funds 

 (tables F.120 and L.120) 

Data from the Monthly Treasury 

Statement of Receipts and Outlays, the 

Thrift Savings Plan, and the National 

Railroad Retirement Investment Trust 

through 2011:Q2. 

None. 

5 
21. Money market mutual funds 

 (tables F.121 and L.121) 

All data through 2011:Q2. None. 

22. Mutual funds 

 (tables F.122 and L.122) 

All data through 2011:Q2. None. 

23. Closed-end funds 

 (tables F.123 and L.123) 

All data through 2011:Q2. None. 

24. Exchange-traded funds 

 (tables F.123 and L.123) 

All data through 2011:Q2. None. 

25. Government-sponsored 

enterprises 

 (tables F.124 and L.124) 

Data for Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, 

Farmer Mac, FHLB, FICO, FCS, and 

REFCORP through 2011:Q2. 

None. 

26. Agency- and GSE-backed 

mortgage pools 

 (tables F.125 and L.125) 

Data for Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and 

Ginnie Mae through 2011:Q2. 

None. 

27. Issuers of asset-backed securities 

(ABSs) 

 (tables F.126 and L.126) 

All data for private mortgage pools, 

consumer credit, business loans, student 

loans, consumer leases, and trade credit 

securitization through 2011:Q2. 

None. 

28. Finance companies 

 (tables F.127 and L.127) 

All data through 2011:Q2. None. 

29. Real estate investment trusts 

(REITs) 

 (tables F.128 and L.128) 

Data from SNL Financial through 

2011:Q2. 

None. 

30. Security brokers and dealers 

 (tables F.129 and L.129) 

Data for firms filing FOCUS and FOGS 

reports through 2011:Q2. 

None. 

31. Funding corporations 

 (tables F.130 and L.130) 

Estimates for this sector are largely residuals and are derived from data for 

other sectors. 

6