# Patent

## Title
Charge device and system

## Abstract

A charge device coupled to an external device is provided. A connection port is configured to couple to the external device and includes a first pin and a second pin. A battery unit has a battery voltage. A conversion unit converts the battery voltage to provide power to the external device. When the battery voltage is higher than a threshold value, a detection control unit directs the first and second pins to couple to a first charge unit and the connection port outputs a first charge current to the external device. When the battery voltage is not higher than the threshold value, the detection control unit directs the first and second pins to couple to a second charge unit and the connection port outputs a second charge current to the external device. The first charge current is greater than the second charge current.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/924,896, filed on Jan. 8, 2014, and Taiwan Patent Application No. 103143430, filed on Dec. 12, 2014, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a charge device, and more particularly to a charge device that provides different charge current.
2. Description of the Related Art
As technology develops, new types of electronic device are being developed.
To increase convenience, various electronic devices are designed to be portable. Each portable devices comprises a rechargeable battery to provide power to the elements of the device. When the charge on the rechargeable battery is not low, the electronic device cannot work normally. Therefore, the rechargeable battery requires charging to ensure that the electronic device works normally.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with an embodiment, a charge device is coupled to an external device and comprises a connection port, a battery unit, a conversion unit and a detection control unit. The connection port is configured to couple to the external device and comprises a first pin and a second pin. The battery unit has a battery voltage. The conversion unit converts the battery voltage to provide power to the external device. The detection control unit directs the first and second pins to couple to a first charge unit when the battery voltage is higher than a threshold value. The detection control unit directs the first and second pins to couple to a second charge unit when the battery voltage is not higher than the threshold value. When the first and second pins are coupled to the first charge unit, the connection port outputs a first charge current to the external device. When the first and second pins are coupled to the second charge unit, the connection port outputs a second charge current to the external device. The first charge current is greater than the second charge current.
In accordance with another embodiment, a charge system comprises a charge device and an external device. The charge device provides a first charge current or a second charge current and comprises a connection port, a battery unit, a conversion unit and a detection control unit. The connection port comprises a first pin and a second pin. The battery unit has a battery voltage. The conversion unit converts the battery voltage. The detection control unit directs the first and second pins to couple to a first charge unit when the battery voltage is higher than a threshold value. The detection control unit directs the first and second pins to couple to a second charge unit when the battery voltage is not higher than the threshold value. When the first and second pins are coupled to the first charge unit, the connection port outputs the first charge current. When the first and second pins are coupled to the second charge unit, the connection port outputs the second charge current. The first charge current is greater than the second charge current. The external device is coupled to the connection port to receive the first or second charge current.
A detailed description is given in the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention can be more fully understood by referring to the following detailed description and examples with references made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a charge system, in accordance with some embodiments;
FIGS. 2A ̃2C and 3 are schematic diagrams of exemplary embodiments of a charge unit, in accordance with some embodiments;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a detection control unit, in accordance with some embodiments; and
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery voltage, in accordance with some embodiments.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The following description is of the best-contemplated mode of carrying out the invention. This description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and should not be taken in a limiting sense. The scope of the invention is best determined by reference to the appended claims.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a charge system, in accordance with some embodiments. As shown in FIG. 1, the charge system 100 comprises a charge device 102 and an external device 104. The charge device 102 outputs a first charge current or a second charge current according to the voltage of a battery disposed in the charge device 102 to charge the external device 104. In one embodiment, the charge device 102 is a mobile bank.
When the battery voltage of the charge device 102 stores enough energy, the charge device 102 provides a large charge current. When the battery voltage of the charge device 102 does not store enough energy, the charge device 102 outputs a small charge current. For example, when the battery voltage of the charge device 102 is higher than a threshold value, the charge device 102 outputs a first charge current I1, and when the battery voltage of the charge device 102 is not higher than the threshold value, the charge device 102 outputs a second charge current I2. The first charge current I1 is larger than the second charge current I2.
In this embodiment, the charge device 102 comprises a battery unit 112, a conversion unit 114, a detection control unit 116 and a connection port 118. The connection port 118 is configured to couple to the external device 104 and comprises various pins. In this embodiment, the connection port 118 is a USB port and comprises pins VBUS, D+, D− and GND. The pin VBUS transmits a charge voltage VT. The pin GND transmits a ground voltage VG. The invention does not limit the kind of connection port 118 that can be used. Any connection device can serve as the connection port 118, as long as the connection device is capable of transmitting power to the external device 104.
The battery unit 112 provides a battery voltage VB. The invention does not limit the structure of battery unit 112. In one embodiment, the battery unit 112 comprises at least one rechargeable battery. When the battery unit 112 comprises more rechargeable batteries, the rechargeable batteries are connected to each other in series or in parallel. The invention does not limit the kind of rechargeable battery that can be used. Any device can serve as the rechargeable battery, as long as the device is capable of storing and discharging power.
The conversion unit 114 converts the battery voltage VB to generate a charge voltage VT and provides the charge voltage VT to the external device 104 via the pin VBUS of the connection port 118. In one embodiment, the conversion unit 114 is a boost circuit or a buck circuit. In this embodiment, the conversion unit 114 performs a voltage conversion operation according to a control signal SC1. For example, when the control signal SC1 is asserted, the conversion unit 114 converts the battery voltage VB, and when the control signal SC1 is de-asserted, the conversion unit 114 stops converting the battery voltage VB.
The detection control unit 116 controls the connection state between the pins
D+ and D− of the connection port 118. In this embodiment, the detection control unit 116 comprises a detection module 122, a control module 124, a switch module 126, and charge units 128 and 130.
The detection module 122 detects the battery voltage VB. The invention does not limit the internal circuit structure of the detection module 122. Any circuit can serve as the detection module 122, as long as the circuit is capable of detecting voltage. In one embodiment, the detection module 122 is a voltage detector. In another embodiment, the detection module 122 is a voltage comparator to determine whether the battery voltage VB is higher than a threshold value.
The control module 124 generates control signals SC1 and SC2 according to the detection result generated by the detection module 122. In one embodiment, if the detection module 122 is just a voltage detector, the control module 124 has a voltage-compare function to determine whether the detection result generated by the detection module 122 is higher than a threshold value. In another embodiment, if the detection module 122 is a voltage comparator, the control module 124 can directly utilize the compared result generated by the voltage comparator to generate the control signals SC1 and SC2.
In one embodiment, when the battery voltage VB is higher than a threshold value, the control module 124 asserts the control signal SC1 to direct the conversion unit 114 to convert the battery voltage VB. In another embodiment, when the battery voltage VB is not higher than the threshold value, the control module 124 still asserts the control signal SC1 or first momentarily de-asserts the control signal SC1 and then asserts the control signal SC1. In other embodiments, when the battery voltage VB is not higher than the threshold value and is lower than a limiting value, it means that the voltage of the battery unit 112 is at a minimum. Therefore, the control module 124 de-asserts the control signal SC1 to stop converting the battery voltage VB.
In this embodiment, the control module 124 changes the connection state between the pins D+ and D− of the connection port 118 according to the battery voltage VB. The external device 104 operates in a fast charge mode or in a slow charge mode according to the connection state between the pins D+ and D− of the connection port 118. In the fast charge mode, the external device 104 captures a larger charge current from the charge device 102. In the slow charge mode, the external device 104 captures a small charge current from the charge device 102.
The switch module 126 directs the pins D+ and D− to connect to the charge unit 128 or 130 according to the control signal SC2. In this embodiment, when the battery voltage VB is higher than a threshold value, the switch module 126 directs the pins D+ and D− to connect to the charge unit 128. Therefore, the external device 104 enters in a fast charge mode. When the battery voltage VB is not higher than the threshold value, the switch module 126 directs the pins D+ and D− to connect to the charge unit 130. Therefore, the external device 104 enters a slow charge mode.
In one embodiment, when the pins D+ and D− are coupled to the charge unit 128, the connection port 118 outputs the charge current I1. When the pins D+ and D− are coupled to the charge unit 130, the connection port 118 outputs the charge current I2. In this embodiment, the charge current I2 is smaller than the charge current I.
FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a charge unit, in accordance with some embodiments. As shown in FIG. 2A, the charge unit 200 is a resistor R1. The resistor R1 is configured between the pin D+ and the pin D−. In this embodiment, the switch module 126 comprises switches 202 and 204. When the battery voltage VB is higher than a threshold value, the switches 202 and 204 are turned on. Therefore, the pin D+ is connected to the pin D−. When the battery voltage VB is not higher than the threshold value, the switches 202 and 204 are turned off. Thus, the pin D+ is not connected to the pin D−. In one embodiment, the control module 124 turns on or off the switches 202 and 204.
FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of another exemplary embodiment of a charge unit, in accordance with some embodiments. The charge unit 220 comprises charge modules 222 and 224. The charge module 222 performs a first operation for the charge voltage VT to generate a voltage V1. The charge module 224 performs a second operation for the charge voltage VT to generate a voltage V2. In this embodiment, the processing degree of the charge module 222 is different from that of the charge module 224. Therefore, the voltage V1 is different from the voltage V2. In other embodiment, the charge modules 222 and 224 process the battery voltage VB. The processing degree of the charge module 222 is different from that of the charge module 224. Therefore, the processed results generated by the charge modules 222 and 224 are different.
In this embodiment, the charge module 222 comprises resistors R2 and R3. The resistors R2 and R3 are serially connected between the charge voltage VT and the ground voltage VG to divide the charge voltage VT. In other embodiments, the charge module 222 is a voltage source to provide a voltage, such as V1, to the pin D+.
Additionally, the charge module 224 comprises resistors R4 and R5. The resistors R4 and R5 are serially connected between the charge voltage VT and the ground voltage VG to divide the charge voltage VT. In some embodiments, the charge module 224 can be a voltage source to provide a voltage, such as V2, to the pin D−.
When the battery voltage VB is higher than a threshold value, the control module 124 turns on the switch 226 to provide voltage V1 to the pin D+and turns on the switch 228 to provide voltage V2 to the pin D−. When the battery voltage VB is not higher than the threshold value, the control module 124 turns off the switches 226 and 228 to stop providing voltages V1 and V2 to the pins D+ and D−.
In this embodiment, since the connection port 118 is a USB connection port, two voltages (e.g. V1 and V2) are provided to two pins (e.g. D+ and D−). In another embodiment, if the connection port 118 is another kind of connection port, only one voltage (e.g. V1 or V2) is provided to one pin of the connection port 118. In some embodiments, three or more voltages are provided to three or more pins of the connection port 118.
FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a charge unit, in accordance with some embodiments. As shown in FIG. 2C, the charge unit 230 comprises charge modules 231 ̃233. Additionally, the switch module 240 comprises switches 241 ̃244. The charge module 231 processes the charge voltage VT to generate the voltage V1. The charge module 232 processes the charge voltage VT to generate the voltage V2. The charge module 233 is connected between the pins D+ and D−. In some embodiments, the charge modules 231 and 232 process the battery voltage VB.
When the battery voltage VB is higher than a threshold value, the control module 124 controls the switches 241 ̃244 according to the voltage levels of the pins D+ and D−. In one embodiment, the control module 124 first turns on the switches 241 and 244 to provide voltages V1 and V2 to the pins D+ and D− and determines whether the voltage levels of the pins D+ and D− are changed.
When the external device 104 is coupled to the connection port 118 and does not change the voltage levels of the pins D+ and D−, it means that the voltage levels of the pins D+ and D− conform to a pre-determined state. Therefore, the control module 124 still turns on the switches 241 and 244 such that the pins D+ and D−are coupled to the charge modules 231 and 232. When the voltage levels of the pins D+ and D− are changed and does not conform to the pre-determined state, the control module 124 turns on the switches 242 and 243 such that the pin D+ is connected to the pin D−.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a charge unit, in accordance with some embodiments. In this embodiment, the charge unit 310 comprises charge modules 312 and 314. The charge module 312 provides the voltage V3. The charge module 314 provides the voltage V4. In this embodiment, the charge module 312 is a resistor R6 and the charge module 312 receives the ground voltage VG to generate the voltage V3. Furthermore, the charge module 314 is a resistor R7 and the charge module 314 receives the ground voltage VG to generate the voltage V4. In one embodiment, the voltages V3 and V4 are both the same and are within a range of 0V and 5V.
When the battery voltage VB is not higher than a threshold value, the control module 124 turns on the switches 322 and 324 to provide voltage V3 to the pin D+ and provide voltage V4 to the pin D−. The external device 104 operates in a slow charge mode according to the voltage levels of the pins D+ and D−. In this mode, the charge device 102 provides a small charge current (e.g. I2) to the external device 104.
However, when the battery voltage VB is higher than the threshold voltage, the control module 124 turns off the switches 322 and 324. In one embodiment, the control module 124 turns on the switches 202 and 204 shown in FIG. 2A or the switches 226 and 228 shown in FIG. 2B. Therefore, the external device 104 operates in a fast charge mode. In this mode, the charge device 102 provides a large charge current, such as I1 .
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a detection control unit, in accordance with some embodiments. In this embodiment, the detection control unit 400 comprises a detection module 402, a control module 404, charge units 412, 414, 422 and 424, and switches SW1 ̃SW6. The charge unit 412 comprises charge modules 416 and 418. Since the operation of the detection module 402 is the same as the detection module 122 shown in FIG. 1, the description of the detection module 402 is omitted.
The control module 404 generates the control signal SC2 according to the detection result generated by the detection module 402. In this embodiment, the control signal SC2 comprises control components S1 ̃S6 to control the switches SW1 ̃SW6 respectively. The invention does not limit the number of control components that can be used. In one embodiment, the number of control components is related to the kind of switches SW1 ̃SW6. For example, if the switch SW1 is an N-type transistor and the switch SW3 is a P-type transistor, the control module 404 only utilizes a single control component to turn on the switch SW1 or SW3. If the switches SW1 and SW3 are N-type or P-type transistors, the control module 404 needs to utilize two control components to control the switches SW1 and SW3.
When the battery voltage VB is higher than a threshold value, the control module 404 utilizes the control components S1 ̃S6 to turn off the switches SW3 ̃SW6 and to turn on the switches SW1 and SW2. Therefore, the charge module 416 provides the voltage V1 to the pin D+ and the charge module 418 provides the voltage V2 to the pin D− . Since the pin D+ receives the voltage V1 and the pin D− receives the voltage V2, the external device 104 enters a fast charge mode. At this time, the detection module 402 detects the voltage levels of the pins D+ and D−. The control module 404 determines whether to turn on the switches SW1 and SW2 according to the detection result generated by the detection module 402.
In one embodiment, when the voltage levels of the pins D+ and D− conform to a pre-determined state, the control module 404 still turns on the switches SW1 and SW2 to continuously provide the voltages V1 and V2. Therefore, the external device 104 still operates in the fast charge mode. However, when the voltage levels of the pins D+ and D− do not conform to the pre-determined state, the control module 404 turns on the switches SW3 and SW4 and turns off the switches SW1 ̃SW2 and SW5 ̃SW6 such that the pin D+is connected to the pin D−.
When the battery voltage VB is not higher than the threshold value, the control module 404 utilizes the control components S1 ̃S6 to turn on the switches SW5 and SW6 and turn off the switches SW1 ̃SW4. Therefore, the charge unit 422 provides the voltage V3 to the pin D+ and the charge unit 424 provides the voltage V4 to the pin D−. Since the pin D+ receives the voltage V3 and the pin D− receives the voltage V4, the external device 104 enters a slow charge mode and captures a small charge current from the charge device 102. Therefore, the battery voltage VB of the battery unit disposed in the charge device 102 is gradually reduced.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery voltage, in accordance with some embodiments. Refer to FIGS. 1 and 5, during period 510, since the battery voltage VB is higher than a threshold value Vref, the control module 124 directs the pins D+ and D− to connect to the charge unit 128. The external device 104 operates in a fast charge mode according to the states of the pins D+ and D− and captures a large charge current from the charge device 102.
During period 512, the battery voltage VB is not higher than the threshold value Vref such that the control module 124 directs the pins D+ and D− to connect to the charge unit 130. The external device 104 operates in a slow charge mode according to the states of the pins D+ and D− and captures a small charge current (e.g. I2) from the charge device 102.
During period 514, the battery voltage VB is not higher than the limiting value VLM such that the control module 124 de-asserts the control signal SC1 to stop providing the charge voltage VT to the external device 104.
Since the charge device 102 provides the appropriate charge current to the external device 104 according to the internal battery voltage VB, when the battery voltage VB is low, the charge device 102 changes the pin state of the connection port 108 to provide a small charge current to effectively use the battery voltage VB.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
While the invention has been described by way of example and in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements (as would be apparent to those skilled in the art). Therefore, the scope of the appended claims should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.

## Claims

1. A charge device coupling to an external device, comprising:
a connection port configured to couple to the external device and comprising a first pin and a second pin;
a battery unit having a battery voltage;
a conversion unit converting the battery voltage to provide power to the external device; and
a detection control unit directing the first and second pins to couple to a first charge unit when the battery voltage is higher than a threshold value, and directing the first and second pins to couple to a second charge unit when the battery voltage is not higher than the threshold value;
wherein when the first and second pins are coupled to the first charge unit, the connection port outputs a first charge current to the external device, when the first and second pins are coupled to the second charge unit, the connection port outputs a second charge current to the external device, and the first charge current is greater than the second charge current.

2. The charge device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first charge unit directs the first pin to connect to the second pin.

3. The charge device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first charge unit executes a first operation for the battery voltage to generate a first voltage to the first pin and generate a second voltage to the second pin.

4. The charge device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first charge unit comprises:
a first charge module directing the first pin to connect to the second pin; and
a second charge module processing the battery voltage to generate the first and second voltages,
wherein the detection control unit directs the first pin to couple to the second charge module and detects a level of the first pin, when the voltage level of the first pin conforms to a pre-determined state and the battery voltage is higher than the threshold value, the detection control unit directs the first and second pins to remain coupled to the second charge module, and when the voltage level of the first pin does not conform to the pre-determined state and the battery voltage is not higher than the threshold value, the detection control unit directs the first and second pins to couple to the first charge module.

5. The charge device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second charge unit provides a third voltage to the first pin and provides a fourth voltage to the second pin.

6. The charge device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second voltage is within 0V ̃5V.

7. The charge device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second charge unit is a resistor generating the second voltage according to a ground voltage.

8. The charge device as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the battery voltage is not higher than the threshold voltage, the detection control unit first de-activates the conversion unit and then activates the conversion unit, and when the conversion unit is de-activated, the conversion unit stops converting the battery voltage.

9. The charge device as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the battery voltage is not higher than the threshold voltage and a limiting value, the detection control unit de-activates the conversion unit to stop converting the battery voltage.

10. The charge device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connection port is a USB port.

11. A charge system comprising:
a charge device providing a first charge current or a second charge current and comprising:
a connection port comprising a first pin and a second pin;
a battery unit having a battery voltage;
a conversion unit converting the battery voltage; and
a detection control unit directing the first and second pins to couple to a first charge unit when the battery voltage is higher than a threshold value, and directing the first and second pins to couple to a second charge unit when the battery voltage is not higher than the threshold value;
wherein when the first and second pins are coupled to the first charge unit, the connection port outputs the first charge current, when the first and second pins are coupled to the second charge unit, the connection port outputs the second charge current, and the first charge current is greater than the second charge current; and
an external device coupled to the connection port to receive the first or second charge current.

12. The charge system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the first charge unit directs the first pin to connect to the second pin.

13. The charge system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the first charge unit executes a first operation for the battery voltage to generate a first voltage to the first pin and generate a second voltage to the second pin.

14. The charge system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the first charge unit comprises:
a first charge module directing the first pin to connect to the second pin; and
a second charge module processing the battery voltage to generate the first and second voltages,
wherein the detection control unit directs the first pin to couple to the second charge module and detects a level of the first pin, when the voltage level of the first pin conforms to a pre-determined state and the battery voltage is higher than the threshold value, the detection control unit directs the first and second pins to remain coupled to the second charge module, and when the voltage level of the first pin does not conform to the pre-determined state and the battery voltage is not higher than the threshold value, the detection control unit directs the first and second pins to couple to the first charge module.

15. The charge system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the second charge unit provides a third voltage to the first pin and provides a fourth voltage to the second pin.

16. The charge system as claimed in claim 15, wherein the second voltage is within 0V ̃5V.

17. The charge system as claimed in claim 15, wherein the second charge unit is a resistor generating the second voltage according to a ground voltage.

18. The charge system as claimed in claim 11, wherein when the battery voltage is not higher than the threshold voltage, the detection control unit first de-activates the conversion unit and then activates the conversion unit, and when the conversion unit is de-activated, the conversion unit stops converting the battery voltage.

19. The charge system as claimed in claim 11, wherein when the battery voltage is not higher than the threshold voltage and a limiting value, the detection control unit de-activates the conversion unit to stop converting the battery voltage.

20. The charge system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the connection port is a USB port.