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[Congressional Bills 110th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1294 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

110th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 1294

  To strengthen national security by encouraging and assisting in the 
  expansion and improvement of educational programs in order to meet 
   critical needs at the elementary, secondary, and higher education 
                    levels, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              May 3, 2007

  Mr. Durbin (for himself, Mr. Akaka, and Mr. Cochran) introduced the 
 following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on 
                 Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
  To strengthen national security by encouraging and assisting in the 
  expansion and improvement of educational programs in order to meet 
   critical needs at the elementary, secondary, and higher education 
                    levels, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Homeland Security Education Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Investing in science, technology, engineering, 
        mathematics, and foreign language education is essential to 
        maintaining the competitive advantage and national security of 
        the United States. Significant improvements in the quantity and 
        quality of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and 
        foreign language instruction offered in United States 
        elementary schools and secondary schools are necessary.
            (2) For the past 3 decades, about one-third of the 
        baccalaureate degrees awarded in the United States have been 
        granted in science and engineering, compared to 59 percent in 
        China and 66 percent in Japan.
            (3) The United States is behind its European counterparts 
        in foreign language skills, in that one-half of European 
        citizens speak a second language while only 9 percent of 
        Americans speak another language.
            (4) Elementary schools and secondary schools in the United 
        States need more qualified teachers, equipment, and resources 
        to improve education in mathematics, science, and foreign 
        languages.
            (5) The optimum time to begin learning a second language is 
        in elementary school, when children have the ability to learn 
        and excel in several foreign language acquisition skills, 
        including pronunciation.
            (6) Foreign language study can increase children's capacity 
        for critical and creative thinking skills, and children who 
        study a second language show greater cognitive development in 
        areas such as mental flexibility, creativity, tolerance, and 
        higher order thinking skills.
            (7) All people of the United States should strive to have a 
        global perspective. To understand the world around us, we must 
        acquaint ourselves with the languages, cultures, and history of 
        other nations.
            (8) Federal agencies have reported shortfalls in language 
        capability that is integral to, or directly supports, every 
        discipline and is an essential factor in national security 
        readiness, disaster response, law enforcement, information 
        superiority, and coalition peacekeeping or warfighting 
        missions.
    (b) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this Act to ensure the national 
security and the competitiveness of the United States through 
increasing the quantity, diversity, and quality of the teaching and 
learning of subjects in the fields of science, technology, engineering, 
mathematics, and foreign language.

SEC. 3. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, MATHEMATICS, 
              AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION.

    (a) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to establish and 
implement a program to award scholarships to individuals who are 
citizens, nationals, or permanent legal residents of the United States 
or citizens of the Freely Associated States (as defined in section 103 
of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1003)), to serve as 
incentives for students to obtain degrees in science, technology, 
engineering, mathematics, and foreign language.
    (b) Scholarships for Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, 
and Foreign Language Education.--Part A of title IV of the Higher 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:

    ``Subpart 9--Scholarships for Science, Technology, Engineering, 
              Mathematics, and Foreign Language Education

``SEC. 420K. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, 
              MATHEMATICS, AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION.

    ``(a) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to award 
scholarships to students to provide incentives for pursuing and 
obtaining a baccalaureate degree in science, technology, engineering, 
mathematics, or a critical foreign language.
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Critical foreign language.--The term `critical 
        foreign language' means any language identified as critical by 
        the National Security Education Board and the Secretary.
            ``(2) Science.--The term `science' means any of the natural 
        and physical sciences, including chemistry, biology, physics, 
        and computer science. Such term shall not include any of the 
        social sciences.
    ``(c) Program Authorized.--From the amounts appropriated under 
subsection (g), the Secretary shall carry out a program to award 
scholarships in the amount of $5,000 each to individuals who meet each 
of the following requirements:
            ``(1) The individual agrees to obtain a baccalaureate 
        degree in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or a 
        critical foreign language.
            ``(2) The individual is a student at an institution of 
        higher education who is in good academic standing and is 
        capable, in the opinion of the Secretary, of maintaining good 
        standing in such course of study.
    ``(d) Selection of Recipients.--The Secretary shall promulgate 
regulations to establish a formula for the selection of scholarship 
recipients under this section that--
            ``(1) ensures fairness and equality for applicants in the 
        selection process, based on the amounts appropriated under 
        subsection (g); and
            ``(2) awards not less than 50 percent of amounts available 
        under this section for an academic year for scholarships to 
        students who meet the requirements described in subsection (c) 
        and are eligible for a Federal Pell Grant under subpart 1 for 
        such year.
    ``(e) Failure to Complete Degree.--If, by the end of the 5-year 
period beginning when an individual receiving a scholarship under this 
section begins a program of study in accordance with the agreement 
described in subsection (c)(1), the individual does not obtain a 
baccalaureate degree in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, 
or a critical foreign language, the individual shall reimburse the 
Federal Government for the amount of the scholarship, including 
interest, at a rate and schedule to be determined by the Secretary 
pursuant to regulations.
    ``(f) Report to Congress.--
            ``(1) Proposed regulations.--Not later than 180 days after 
        the date of enactment of the Homeland Security Education Act, 
        the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) publish the proposed regulations that the 
                Secretary determines are necessary to carry out this 
                section; and
                    ``(B) submit to the appropriate committees of 
                Congress a report on how the Secretary plans--
                            ``(i) to implement the program under this 
                        section; and
                            ``(ii) to advertise such program to 
                        institutions of higher education and potential 
                        applicants.
            ``(2) Final regulations.--Not later than 180 days after the 
        last day of the comment period for the proposed regulations 
        under paragraph (1)(A), the Secretary shall promulgate the 
        final regulations to carry out this section.
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $100,000,000 for fiscal year 
2008, and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 5 succeeding 
fiscal years.''.

SEC. 4. FEDERAL GRANTS TO PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

    (a) In General.--Title V of the Elementary and Secondary Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7201 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

       ``PART E--STRENGTHENING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE EDUCATION

``SEC. 5701. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this part:
            ``(1) Conditional agreement.--The term `conditional 
        agreement' means an arrangement between representatives of the 
        private sector and a local educational agency to provide 
        certain services and funds to the local educational agency, 
        such as--
                    ``(A) the donation of computer hardware and 
                software;
                    ``(B) the donation of science laboratory equipment 
                suitable for students in kindergarten through grade 12;
                    ``(C) the establishment of internship and mentoring 
                opportunities for students who participate in 
                mathematics, science, and information technology 
                programs under this part;
                    ``(D) the donation of scholarship funds for use at 
                institutions of higher education by eligible students 
                who have participated in the mathematics, science, and 
                information technology programs under this part; and
                    ``(E) the donation of technology tools.
            ``(2) Private sector.--The term `private sector' includes 
        corporations, institutions of higher education, State or local 
        government agencies, membership organizations, and other 
        similar entities involved in the mathematics and science 
        fields.
            ``(3) Science.--The term `science' means any of the natural 
        and physical sciences, including chemistry, biology, physics, 
        and computer science. The term does not include any of the 
        social sciences.

``SEC. 5702. FEDERAL GRANTS TO PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

    ``(a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Secretary shall establish a 
demonstration program under which the Secretary shall award grants to 
local educational agencies to enable such agencies to--
            ``(1) develop and implement programs that--
                    ``(A) build or expand mathematics and science 
                curricula;
                    ``(B) provide--
                            ``(i) a rich standards-based course of 
                        study in mathematics and science to students; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) opportunities for students who excel 
                        in mathematics or science, particularly 
                        students who are members of traditionally 
                        underrepresented groups in the fields of 
                        mathematics or science, to be mentored by 
                        adults currently active in the appropriate 
                        field;
            ``(2) provide mentoring opportunities for students in the 
        fields of mathematics and science;
            ``(3) upgrade existing laboratory facilities; or
            ``(4) purchase the equipment necessary to establish and 
        maintain such programs.
    ``(b) Application.--
            ``(1) In general.--A local educational agency desiring a 
        grant under this section shall submit an application to the 
        Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
        information as the Secretary may require by regulation, in 
        accordance with paragraph (3).
            ``(2) Contents.--The application described in paragraph (1) 
        shall include--
                    ``(A) a description of the proposed activities 
                under the grant, consistent with the uses of funds 
                described in subsection (a);
                    ``(B) a description of how programs under the grant 
                will involve innovative experience learning, such as 
                laboratory experience;
                    ``(C) a description of any mathematics and science 
                mentoring component (which may take place at the 
                school, at a workplace and paired with internships, or 
                via the Internet), including--
                            ``(i) the program model and goals;
                            ``(ii) the anticipated number of students 
                        served;
                            ``(iii) the criteria for selecting students 
                        for the mentoring component; and
                            ``(iv) the mentoring best practices that 
                        will be followed;
                    ``(D) a description of any applicable higher 
                education scholarship program, including--
                            ``(i) the criteria for student selection;
                            ``(ii) the duration of the scholarships;
                            ``(iii) the number of scholarships to be 
                        awarded each year; and
                            ``(iv) the funding levels for the 
                        scholarships;
                    ``(E) evidence of the private sector participation 
                and support in cash or in kind, as required under 
                subsection (c); and
                    ``(F) an assurance that, upon receipt of a grant 
                under this part, the local educational agency will--
                            ``(i) execute a conditional agreement with 
                        a representative of the private sector; and
                            ``(ii) enter into an agreement with the 
                        Secretary to comply with the requirements of 
                        this part.
            ``(3) Regulations.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of enactment of the Homeland Security Education Act, the 
        Secretary shall issue and publish proposed regulations for this 
        subsection. Not later than 180 days after the date on which the 
        period for comment concerning the proposed regulations ends, 
        the Secretary shall issue the final guidelines under this 
        subsection.
    ``(c) Private Sector Participation.--A local educational agency 
receiving a grant under this section shall enter into a conditional 
agreement with a representative of the private sector regarding the 
programs carried out under this section, including not less than 1 
conditional agreement with a private sector entity that has agreed to 
recruit the entity's employees or members in the mathematics and 
science fields to serve as mentors to students.
    ``(d) Award Basis.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall select a local 
        educational agency to receive a grant under this section on the 
        basis of merit, as determined after the Secretary has conducted 
        a comprehensive review of the application.
            ``(2) Priority.--In awarding grants under this section, the 
        Secretary shall give priority to a local educational agency 
        that is a high need local educational agency (as such term is 
        defined in section 201(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965).

``SEC. 5703. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part 
$75,000,000 for fiscal year 2008, and such sums as may be necessary for 
each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years.''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents in section 2 of the 
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 is amended by inserting 
after the item relating to section 5618 the following:

       ``Part E--Strengthening Mathematics and Science Education

``Sec. 5701. Definitions.
``Sec. 5702. Federal grants to public schools.
``Sec. 5703. Authorization of appropriations.''.

SEC. 5. FROM THE LABORATORY TO THE CLASSROOM SCHOLARSHIPS.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to increase the amount 
of elementary and secondary educators with a background and expertise 
in scientific or engineering subjects by awarding scholarships to 
practicing scientists and engineers to encourage them to return to 
school to become certified or licensed elementary and secondary 
teachers in those disciplines.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible individual.--The term ``eligible individual'' 
        means a person who--
                    (A) is a citizen, national, or permanent legal 
                resident of the United States or a citizen of 1 of the 
                Freely Associated States (as defined in section 103 of 
                the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1003));
                    (B) holds a baccalaureate or graduate degree in a 
                scientific or engineering field from an institution of 
                higher education; and
                    (C) has not less than 3 years of work experience in 
                a scientific or engineering position.
            (2) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001(a)).
            (3) Qualified expenses.--The term ``qualified expenses'' 
        means the tuition, books, fees, supplies, and equipment 
        required for a course of instruction, at the institution of 
        higher education the eligible individual chooses to attend, 
        that leads to elementary or secondary teaching certification or 
        licensure in any State, and other expenses for completing a 
        teacher preparatory program or obtaining a teaching certificate 
        or license.
            (4) Scientific or engineering.--The term ``scientific or 
        engineering'' means any discipline within the natural sciences, 
        physical sciences, technology, mathematics, or engineering 
        subject areas.
            (5) State.--The term ``State'' means each of the several 
        States of the United States and the District of Columbia.
    (c) Program Authorized.--
            (1) In general.--From amounts appropriated under subsection 
        (f), the Secretary of Education shall award scholarships to 
        eligible individuals which shall be used to enable the 
        individuals to pay for qualified expenses and attend an 
        institution of higher education of the individual's choosing.
            (2) Designation.--A scholarship awarded under this section 
        shall be known as a ``From the Laboratory to the Classroom 
        Scholarship''.
    (d) Amount; Duration.--
            (1) Amount.--A scholarship awarded under this section shall 
        be in an amount of not more than $15,000 per year.
            (2) Duration of scholarship.--A scholarship awarded to an 
        eligible individual under this section shall be for the period 
        of time required for the individual to complete a course of 
        study leading to elementary or secondary school teacher 
        certification or licensure in a State or a territory of the 
        United States, except that no scholarship shall exceed a period 
        of 2 years.
    (e) Terms of Scholarship.--
            (1) Employment as teacher.--As a condition of receiving a 
        scholarship under this section, an eligible individual shall 
        agree to be employed full-time as an elementary or secondary 
        education teacher in science, mathematics, or engineering at a 
        high-need, low-income school, as determined by the Secretary, 
        for a period of not less than 5 years after receiving the 
        teacher certification or licensure.
            (2) Failure to teach.--If an individual who receives a 
        scholarship under this section does not comply with paragraph 
        (1), the individual shall reimburse the Federal Government for 
        the amount of such scholarship, including interest, at a rate 
        and schedule to be determined by the Secretary.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section--
            (1) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2008;
            (2) $375,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
            (3) $450,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; and
            (4) $600,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2011 through 
        2014.

SEC. 6. ENCOURAGING EARLY FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDIES.

    (a) In General.--Title II of the Elementary and Secondary Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6601 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

          ``PART E--ENCOURAGING EARLY FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDIES

``SEC. 2501. ENCOURAGING EARLY FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDIES.

    ``(a) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to improve the 
performance of students in the study of foreign languages by 
encouraging States, institutions of higher education, elementary 
schools, and secondary schools to participate in programs that--
            ``(1) upgrade the status and stature of foreign language 
        teaching by encouraging institutions of higher education to 
        assume greater responsibility for improving foreign language 
        teacher education through the establishment of a comprehensive, 
        integrated system of recruiting and advising such teachers;
            ``(2) focus on the education of foreign language teachers 
        as a career-long process that should continuously stimulate the 
        teachers' intellectual growth and upgrade the teachers' 
        knowledge and skills;
            ``(3) bring foreign language teachers in elementary schools 
        and secondary schools together with linguists or higher 
        education foreign language professionals to increase the 
        subject matter knowledge and improve the teaching skills of 
        teachers through the use of more sophisticated resources that 
        institutions of higher education are better able to provide 
        than the schools; and
            ``(4) develop more rigorous foreign language curricula that 
        are aligned with--
                    ``(A) professional accepted standards for 
                elementary and secondary education instruction; and
                    ``(B) the standards expected for postsecondary 
                study in foreign language.
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Critical foreign languages.--The term `critical 
        foreign languages' refers to any language identified as 
        critical by the National Security Education Board and the 
        Secretary.
            ``(2) Eligible partnership.--The term `eligible 
        partnership' means a partnership that--
                    ``(A) shall include--
                            ``(i) a foreign language department of an 
                        institution of higher education; and
                            ``(ii) a local educational agency; and
                    ``(B) may include--
                            ``(i) another foreign language department, 
                        or a teacher training department, of an 
                        institution of higher education;
                            ``(ii) another local educational agency, or 
                        an elementary school or secondary school;
                            ``(iii) a business;
                            ``(iv) a nonprofit organization, including 
                        a museum;
                            ``(v) a heritage or community center for 
                        language study;
                            ``(vi) a national language resource and 
                        training center authorized under part A of 
                        title VI of the Higher Education Act of 1965; 
                        or
                            ``(vii) the State foreign language 
                        coordinator or State educational agency.
            ``(3) High need local educational agency.--The term `high 
        need local educational agency' has the meaning given the term 
        in section 201(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965.
            ``(4) Summer workshop or institute.--The term `summer 
        workshop or institute' means a workshop or institute that--
                    ``(A) is conducted for a period of not less than 2 
                weeks during the summer;
                    ``(B) provides direct interaction between students 
                and faculty; and
                    ``(C) provides for followup training during the 
                academic year that--
                            ``(i) except as provided in clause (ii) or 
                        (iii), shall be conducted in the classroom for 
                        a period of not less than 3 days, which may or 
                        may not be consecutive;
                            ``(ii) if the program described in 
                        subparagraph (A) is for a period of not more 
                        than 2 weeks, shall be conducted for a period 
                        of more than 3 days; and
                            ``(iii) may be conducted through distance 
                        education.
    ``(c) Grants to Partnerships.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary is authorized to award 
        grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible partnerships to 
        enable the eligible partnerships to pay the Federal share of 
        the costs of carrying out the authorized activities described 
        in this section.
            ``(2) Duration.--A grant awarded under this section shall 
        be for a period of 5 years.
            ``(3) Federal share.--The Federal share of the costs of the 
        activities described in this section shall be--
                    ``(A) 75 percent of the costs for the first year of 
                a grant under this section;
                    ``(B) 65 percent of such costs for the second such 
                year; and
                    ``(C) 50 percent of such costs for each of the 
                third, fourth, and fifth such years.
            ``(4) Non-federal share.--The non-Federal share of the 
        costs of carrying out the authorized activities described in 
        this section may be provided in cash or in kind, fairly 
        evaluated.
            ``(5) Priority.--In awarding grants under this section, the 
        Secretary shall give priority to eligible partnerships--
                    ``(A) that include high need local educational 
                agencies; or
                    ``(B) that emphasize the teaching of the critical 
                foreign languages.
    ``(d) Applications.--
            ``(1) In general.--Each eligible partnership desiring a 
        grant under this section shall submit an application to the 
        Secretary at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such 
        information as the Secretary may require.
            ``(2) Contents.--An application submitted under paragraph 
        (1) shall include--
                    ``(A) an assessment of the teacher quality and 
                professional development needs of all the schools and 
                educational agencies participating in the eligible 
                partnership with respect to the teaching and learning 
                of foreign languages;
                    ``(B) a description of how the activities to be 
                carried out by the eligible partnership will be based 
                on a review of relevant research, and an explanation of 
                why the activities are expected to improve student 
                performance and to strengthen the quality of foreign 
                language instruction; and
                    ``(C) a description of--
                            ``(i) how the eligible partnership will 
                        carry out the authorized activities described 
                        in subsection (e); and
                            ``(ii) the eligible partnership's 
                        evaluation and accountability plan in 
                        accordance with subsection (f).
    ``(e) Authorized Activities.--An eligible partnership that receives 
a grant under this section may use the grant funds to carry out 
activities such as--
            ``(1) creating opportunities for enhanced and ongoing 
        professional development that improves the subject matter 
        knowledge of foreign language teachers;
            ``(2) recruiting students from 4-year institutions of 
        higher education with foreign language majors for teaching;
            ``(3) promoting strong teaching skills for foreign language 
        teachers and teacher educators;
            ``(4) establishing foreign language summer workshops or 
        institutes (including followup training) for teachers;
            ``(5) establishing distance learning programs for foreign 
        language teachers;
            ``(6) designing programs to prepare a teacher at a school 
        to provide professional development to other teachers at the 
        school and to assist novice teachers at the school, including 
        (if applicable) a mechanism to integrate experiences from a 
        summer workshop or institute; and
            ``(7) developing instruction materials.
    ``(f) Evaluation and Accountability Plan.--Each eligible 
partnership receiving a grant under this section shall develop an 
evaluation and accountability plan for activities assisted under this 
section that includes strong performance objectives and measures for--
            ``(1) increased participation by students in advanced 
        courses in foreign language;
            ``(2) increased percentages of secondary school classes in 
        foreign language taught by teachers with academic majors in 
        foreign language; and
            ``(3) increased numbers of foreign language teachers who 
        participate in content-based professional development 
        activities.
    ``(g) Report.--Each eligible partnership receiving a grant under 
this section shall annually report to the Secretary regarding the 
eligible partnership's progress in meeting the performance objectives 
described in subsection (f).
    ``(h) Termination.--If the Secretary determines that an eligible 
partnership is not making substantial progress in meeting the 
performance objectives described in subsection (f) by the end of the 
third year of a grant under this section, the Secretary shall not make 
grant payments to the eligible partnership for the fourth and fifth 
years of the grant.
    ``(i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000 for fiscal year 
2008, and such sums as may be necessary for each succeeding fiscal 
year.''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents in section 2 of the 
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 is amended by inserting 
after the item relating to section 2441 the following:

          ``Part E--Encouraging Early Foreign Language Studies

``Sec. 2501. Encouraging early foreign language studies.''.

SEC. 7. SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY, AND ADVANCED FOREIGN LANGUAGE 
              EDUCATION GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to support programs 
in institutions of higher education that encourage students--
            (1) to develop an understanding of science, technology, and 
        engineering;
            (2) to develop foreign language proficiency; and
            (3) to foster future international scientific 
        collaboration.
    (b) Development.--The Secretary of Education shall develop and 
carry out a program to award grants to institutions of higher education 
that develop innovative programs for the teaching of foreign languages.
    (c) Regulations and Requirements.--The Secretary of Education shall 
promulgate regulations for the awarding of grants under subsection (b).
    (d) Application.--An institution of higher education desiring a 
grant under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary 
of Education at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
information as the Secretary shall require.
    (e) Use of Funds.--An institution of higher education receiving a 
grant under this section shall use grant funds for, among other 
things--
            (1) the development of an on-campus cultural awareness 
        program by which students attend classes taught in the foreign 
        language and study the science, technology, or engineering 
        developments and practices in a non-English-speaking country;
            (2) immersion programs where students study science, 
        technology, or engineering related coursework in a non-English-
        speaking country; and
            (3) other programs, such as summer workshops, that 
        emphasize the intense study of a foreign language and science, 
        technology, or engineering.
    (f) Grant Distribution.--In awarding grants to institutions of 
higher education under this section, the Secretary of Education shall 
give priority to--
            (1) institutions that have programs focusing on a 
        curriculum that combines the study of foreign languages and the 
        study of science and technology and produces graduates who have 
        both skills; and
            (2) institutions teaching the languages identified as 
        critical by the National Security Education Board and the 
        Secretary of Education.
    (g) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).
            (2) Science.--The term ``science'' means any of the natural 
        and physical sciences, including chemistry, biology, physics, 
        and computer science. Such term does not include any of the 
        social sciences.
    (h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section, $15,000,000 for fiscal year 
2008, and such sums as may be necessary for each succeeding fiscal 
year.

SEC. 8. NATIONAL SECURITY EDUCATION PROGRAM SERVICE AGREEMENT.

    Section 802(b)(2) of the David L. Boren National Security Education 
Act of 1991 (50 U.S.C. 1902(b)(2)) is amended to read as follows:
            ``(2) will--
                    ``(A) in the case of a recipient of a scholarship, 
                not later than 3 years after the date of the 
                recipient's completion of the study for which 
                scholarship assistance was provided under the program, 
                work--
                            ``(i) for not less than 1 year in a 
                        position in the Department of Defense, the 
                        Department of Homeland Security, the Department 
                        of State, or any element of the intelligence 
                        community that is certified by the Secretary as 
                        contributing to national security;
                            ``(ii) if such recipient demonstrates to 
                        the Secretary of Defense that no position 
                        described in clause (i) is available, for not 
                        less than 1 year in a position in another 
                        department or agency of the Federal Government 
                        that is certified by the Secretary as 
                        contributing to national security; or
                            ``(iii) if such recipient demonstrates to 
                        the Secretary of Defense that no position 
                        described in clause (i) or (ii) is available, 
                        for not less than 1 academic year in a position 
                        in the field of education in a discipline 
                        related to the studies supported under this 
                        section; or
                    ``(B) in the case of a recipient of a fellowship, 
                not later than 2 years after the date of the 
                recipient's completion of the study for which the 
                fellowship assistance was provided under the program, 
                work--
                            ``(i) for not less than 1 year in a 
                        position in the Department of Defense, the 
                        Department of Homeland Security, the Department 
                        of State, or any element of the intelligence 
                        community that is certified by the Secretary as 
                        contributing to national security;
                            ``(ii) if such recipient demonstrates to 
                        the Secretary of Defense that no position 
                        described in clause (i) is available, for not 
                        less than 1 year in a position in another 
                        department or agency of the Federal Government 
                        that is certified by the Secretary as 
                        contributing to national security; or
                            ``(iii) if such recipient demonstrates to 
                        the Secretary of Defense that no position 
                        described in clause (i) or (ii) is available, 
                        for not less than 1 academic year in a position 
                        in the field of education in a discipline 
                        related to the studies supported under this 
                        section.''.

SEC. 9. CRITICAL FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION PROGRAM.

    (a) Grants Authorized.--From amounts appropriated under subsection 
(f), the Secretary of Education shall award grants to institutions of 
higher education to pay the Federal share of programs established by 
the institutions, in collaboration with elementary schools and 
secondary schools, for language learning pathways that train students 
from kindergarten through graduate education to be proficient in the 
critical foreign languages.
    (b) Application Requirements.--An institution of higher education 
desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the 
Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information 
as the Secretary of Education shall require. In the application, the 
institution of higher education shall--
            (1) demonstrate the ability of the institution to 
        collaborate effectively with elementary schools and secondary 
        schools to ensure that students who successfully achieve an 
        advanced proficiency level in a critical foreign language at 
        such schools will continue studying a foreign language at an 
        institution of higher education and achieve a superior 
        proficiency level while enrolled in an academic degree program;
            (2) demonstrate that the program designed by the 
        institution under this section can be replicated for use by 
        other institutions of higher education and elementary schools 
        and secondary schools in the United States; and
            (3) agree to provide the non-Federal share of the costs of 
        the program under this section.
    (c) Federal Share; Non-Federal Share.--The Federal share of the 
costs of the program under this section shall be not more than 90 
percent of such costs. The non-Federal share shall be not less than 10 
percent of such costs, and may be provided in cash or in kind, fairly 
evaluated.
    (d) Program.--A program assisted under this section may include--
            (1) study or work abroad opportunities;
            (2) experiential and community learning;
            (3) distance learning;
            (4) language learning for professional purposes, business, 
        and other disciplines; and
            (5) innovative opportunities for language learning through 
        immersion, internships, and community service.
    (e) Definition of Critical Foreign Language.--In this section, the 
term ``critical foreign language'' means any language identified as 
critical by the National Security Education Board and the Secretary of 
Education.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2008 
and each succeeding fiscal year.

SEC. 10. WORLD LANGUAGE TEACHING SCHOLARSHIPS.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to increase the number 
of elementary school and secondary school educators with foreign 
language proficiency by awarding scholarships to language proficient 
individuals to enable the individuals to become certified or licensed 
as foreign language teachers.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible individual.--The term ``eligible individual'' 
        means a person who--
                    (A) is a citizen, national, or permanent legal 
                resident of the United States or is a citizen of 1 of 
                the Freely Associated States (as defined in section 103 
                of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1003));
                    (B) holds at least a baccalaureate degree from an 
                institution of higher education; and
                    (C) demonstrates written and verbal fluency in a 
                critical foreign language.
            (2) Critical foreign language.--The term ``critical foreign 
        language'' means any language identified as critical by the 
        National Security Education Board and the Secretary of 
        Education.
            (3) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001(a)).
            (4) Qualified expenses.--The term ``qualified expenses'' 
        means the tuition, books, fees, supplies, and equipment 
        required for a course of instruction, at the institution of 
        higher education the eligible individual chooses to attend, 
        that leads to elementary or secondary teaching certification or 
        licensure in any State, and other expenses for completing a 
        teacher preparatory program or obtaining a teaching certificate 
        or license.
            (5) State.--The term ``State'' means each of the several 
        States of the United States and the District of Columbia.
    (c) Program Authorized.--
            (1) In general.--From amounts appropriated under subsection 
        (e), the Secretary of Education shall award scholarships to 
        eligible individuals that shall be used to pay for the 
        qualified expenses of a teacher certification or licensure 
        program.
            (2) Designation.--A scholarship under this section shall be 
        known as a ``World Language Teaching Scholarship''.
    (d) Amount; Duration; Terms.--
            (1) Amount.--A scholarship awarded under this section shall 
        be in an amount of not more than $15,000 per year.
            (2) Duration of scholarship.--A scholarship awarded to an 
        eligible individual under this section shall be for the number 
        of years required to complete a course of study leading to 
        elementary or secondary school teaching certification or 
        licensure in a State or a territory of the United States, 
        except that no scholarship shall exceed a period of 2 years.
            (3) Terms of scholarship.--
                    (A) Employment as a teacher.--As a condition of 
                receiving a scholarship under this section, an eligible 
                individual shall agree to be employed full-time as a 
                foreign language elementary or secondary education 
                teacher at a high-need, low-income school, as 
                determined by the Secretary, for a period of not less 
                than 5 years.
                    (B) Failure to teach.--If an individual who 
                receives a scholarship under this section does not 
                comply with subparagraph (A), the individual shall 
                reimburse the Federal Government for the amount of such 
                scholarship, including interest, at a rate and schedule 
                to be determined by the Secretary.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section--
            (1) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2008;
            (2) $375,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
            (3) $450,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; and
            (4) $600,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2011 through 
        2013.

SEC. 11. PILOT PROGRAM FOR STUDENT LOAN REPAYMENT FOR FEDERAL EMPLOYEES 
              WITH CRITICAL SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, 
              MATHEMATICS, AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE SKILLS.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter VII of chapter 53 of title 5, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting after section 5379 the following:
``Sec. 5379a. Pilot program for student loan repayment for Federal 
              employees with critical science, technology, engineering, 
              mathematics, and foreign language skills
    ``(a) In this section:
            ``(1) The term `agency' means any agency that, based on the 
        agency's human capital strategic plan, has a shortfall in the 
        number of individuals possessing critical science, technology, 
        engineering, mathematics, and foreign language skills.
            ``(2) The term `human capital strategic plan' means an 
        agency's strategic plan under section 306 of this title.
            ``(3) The term `student loan' means--
                    ``(A) a loan made, insured, or guaranteed under 
                part B of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
                (20 U.S.C. 1071 et seq.);
                    ``(B) a loan made under part D or E of title IV of 
                the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087a et 
                seq., 1087aa et seq.); or
                    ``(C) a health education assistance loan made or 
                insured under part A of title VII of the Public Health 
                Service Act (42 U.S.C. 292 et seq.) or under part E of 
                title VIII of such Act (42 U.S.C. 297a et seq.).
    ``(b) The Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall 
establish and administer a program under which not less than 3 but not 
more than 5 agencies, for a period of 5 years, shall set aside an 
amount, as described in subsection (d), to fund a student loan 
repayment program under section 5379 of this title to repay (by direct 
payments on behalf of the employee) any student loan previously taken 
out by employees possessing science, technology, engineering, 
mathematics, or foreign language skills deemed critical to an agency 
under the agency's human capital strategic plan.
    ``(c) A program established under this section shall remain in 
effect for the 5-year period beginning on the date of enactment of the 
Homeland Security Education Act. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, 
such program shall continue to pay an employee recruited under this 
program who is in compliance with this section and section 5379 of this 
title the employee's benefits under this section through the commitment 
period in accordance with section 5379(c).
    ``(d) Each agency participating in this program shall set aside 
enough funds to repay the student loans of at least one-half of the 
number of employees needed with critical science, technology, 
engineering, mathematics, or foreign language skills, according to the 
agency's human capital strategic plan.
    ``(e)(1) Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of the 
Homeland Security Education Act and after consultations with the heads 
of agencies, the Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall 
propose regulations for the pilot program.
    ``(2) Not later than 180 days after the date on which the comment 
period for proposed regulations under paragraph (1) ends, the Director 
of the Office of Personnel Management shall promulgate final 
regulations.
    ``(f)(1)(A) Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
the Homeland Security Education Act, the Director of the Office of 
Personnel Management shall report to the appropriate committees of 
Congress on the implementation of the program under this section.
    ``(B) As part of its annual report on the Federal Government's 
student loan repayment program under section 5379, the Director of the 
Office of Personnel Management shall report on the status of the 
program established under this section and the success of such program 
in recruiting and retaining employees possessing such skills, including 
an assessment as to whether the program should be expanded to other 
agencies or to individuals possessing other critical skills.
    ``(2) The head of each agency establishing a student loan repayment 
program under this section shall provide any necessary information to 
the Director of the Office of Personnel Management to enable the 
Director to carry out this subsection.
    ``(g) For the purpose of enabling the Federal Government to recruit 
and retain employees possessing critical science, technology, 
engineering, mathematics, and foreign language skills under this 
section, there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be 
necessary to carry out this section for each fiscal year.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for 
chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, is amended by inserting 
after the item relating to section 5379 the following:

``Sec. 5379a. Pilot program for student loan repayment for Federal 
                            employees with critical science, 
                            technology, engineering, mathematics, and 
                            foreign language skills.''.
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