FILED U.S. COURT OF AP P EALS E LEVEN T HC IRC UIT SEPT 12, 2008 THOMAS K. KAH

N CLERK [ DO NO T P UB L I S H] I N THE UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT

________________________ N o. 07- 15519 N on -A rgum entC al endar

________________________ D. C . Do c k e tNo . 0 6 - 2 2 8 7 1 - C V- F AM B R U C E R I C H , P e titio n e r - A p p e lla n t, v ersu s DE P AR T ME NT OF C OR R E C T I ON S S T AT E OF F L OR I DA , W al t er A . M cN ei l , S ecret ary, AT T ORNE Y G E NE R AL OF F L OR I DA , Bi l l M c Co l l u m, R e s p o n d e n ts - A p p e lle e s .

________________________ A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f orthe S outhe rn D i s tr i c tof F l or i da

_________________________ ( S e p t e m b e r 12, 2008) B e f o r e B I R C H , D U B I N A a n dW I L S O N , C ir c u it J u d g e s .2

P E R C U R I A M: B ruc e R i c h, aF l or i das t a t e pr i s one rpr oc e e di ng p ro se , appeal s the di sm i ss al of hi s 28 U . S . C . § 2254 habe a s c orpus pe t i t i on a s ba rr e d bythe one - y e a rs t a tut e of l i m i t a t i ons of

the A nt i t e rr or i s m a nd E f f e c t i ve D e a th P e na l tyA c tof 1996 (A E D P A ), P ub . L . N o. 10 4-13 2, 11 0 S t at . 12 14 . R i ch ar gu es that(1) hi s f eder al h ab e a s p e titio n w a s tim e lyb e c au s e h e f ile dit w ith in o n e y e a ro f e x h au s tin g a ll s ta te r e m e d ie s , a n dth e tim e s p e n t le a rn in g a n dp r e p a r in g b e f o r e f ilin g s ta te c ha l l e nge s s houl d notc ountt ow a r ds the one - y e a rs t a tut e of l i m i t a t i ons f

orf i l i ng f e de r a l habe a s c l a i m s ; ( 2) e qui t abl e t ol l i ng s houl d appl ybe c aus e hi s pl e a di ngs w ere p ro p erl y fi l ed w i th n o u n d u e d el ay, n o p rej u d i ce t o th e st at e, an dn o fi l es l o st o rm is p la c e d ; a n d( 3 ) th e tim e - b a rs h o u ldn o t ap p lyto h im b e c au s e h e is a c tu a lly in n o c e n t. ST AN DA RD OF RE VI EW We r e v i e w de no vo the di s tr i c tc ourt ’ s de t e rm i na t i on tha tape t i t i on f or f e d e r a l h ab e a s r e lie f

is tim e - b a rr e d , p u r s u a n t to 2 8 U .S .C . § 2 2 4 4 ( d ) . B on d v. Moo re, 3 0 9 F .3 d7 7 0 , 7 7 2 ( 1 1 th C ir . 2 0 0 2 ) . DI S C US S I ON T he A E D P A i m pos e s aone - y e a rs t a tut e of l i m i t a t i ons f

orf i l i ng § 2254 habe a s pe t i t i ons . T he s t a tut e of l i m i t a t i ons be gi ns t o run f ol l ow i ng one of

f our3

e v e n ts , in c lu d in g “th e d a te o n w h ic h th e ju d g m e n t b e c a m e f in a l . . . .” 2 8 U .S .C . § 2244( d) ( 1) ( A ) . T he A E D P A ’ s one - y e a rs t a tut e of l i m i t a t i ons i s t ol l e d w he n a

“ pr ope r l yf

i l e d” m ot i on f

orpos t - c onvi c t i on r e l i e f i s “ pe ndi ng” i n s t a t e c ourt . 28 U .S .C . § 2 2 4 4 ( d ) ( 2 ) ; W eb ster v. Mo o re , 1 9 9 F .3 d1 2 5 6 , 1 2 5 7 - 5 8 ( 1 1 th C ir . 2 0 0 0 ) . H ow e ve r , the tw o- y e a rpe r i od a l l ow e d f orf i l i ng aF l or i dapos t - c onvi c t i on m ot i on d o e s n o t e x p a n dth e A E D P A ’s o n e - y e a rs ta tu te o f lim ita tio n p e r io d . T

i nkerv. Mo o re , 2 5 5 F .3 d1 3 3 1 , 1 3 3 4 - 3 5 ( 1 1 th C ir . 2 0 0 1 ) . T he st atut e of l i m i t at i on s c an al so be equi t abl y t ol l ed w hen a pet i t i on er “u n tim e lyf

ile s b e c au s e o f

e x tr a o r d in a ryc ir c u m s ta n c e s th a t a r e b o th b e y o n dh is control and u navo i dabl e e ven w i th d i l i gence. ” Ste e d v . H e ad , 219 F . 3d 1298, 1300 ( 1 1 th C ir . 2 0 0 0 ) ( c ita tio n an din te rn a l q u o ta tio n m a rk s o m itte d ) . T h is r e m e d yis e xtr a or di na ry , and the pe t i t i one rbe a r s the bur de n of s how i ng tha ti ti s w a rr a nt e d. D rew v. D ep ’t

o f C o rr ., 2 9 7 F .3 d1 2 7 8 , 1 2 8 6 ( 1 1 th C ir . 2 0 0 2 ) . W e ha ve notrul e d w he the rthe t i m e - ba rf orf i l i ng af e de r a l pe t i t i on c ons t i tut e s a n unc ons t i tut i ona l s us pe ns i on of the w r i tof

habe a s c orpus w he n the pe t i t i one rc a n s how a c tua l i nnoc e nc e a nd § 2244( d) ’ s l i m i t a t i on pe r i od ha s e xpi r e d. See W yzyko skiv. D ep ’t

o f C o rr. , 226 F . 3d 1213, 1218 ( 11th C i r . 2000) ( de c l i ni ng to ru le u p o n th e c o n s titu tio n a l q u e s tio n u n til th e d is tr ic t c o u rt r e v ie w e dth e m e r its of the ac tual i nn ocence c l ai m ). N on ethel es s, the S up re m e C ou rthas hel d that4

“ ‘ [a ] ctual i nn ocence’ m eans fa ctual i nn ocence, no tm er e l egal i nsuffi ci ency . ” B ou sleyv. U

ni ted States , 523 U . S . 614, 623, 118 S . C t . 1604, 1611, 140 L . E d. 2d 8 2 8 (1 9 9 8 ). T h u s, t o m eetth e actu al i n n o cen ce st an d ard , a h ab eas p et i t i o n er m u st s h o w th a t “in lig h t o f

a ll th e e v id e n c e , it is m o r e lik e lyth a n n o t th a t n o r e a s o n ab le j uror w ou l d h ave c on vi ct ed hi m . ” I d. ( i nt e rna l quot a t i on m a rks a nd c i t a t i on o m itte d ) . A c tu a l in n o c e n c e c la im s m u s t a ls o b e s u p p o rte d“w ith n e w r e liab le ev i d en ce– w h eth er i tb e ex cu l p at o ry sci en t i fi c ev i d en ce, tru stw o rth y eyew i tn ess a c c o u n ts , o rc r itic a l p h y s ic a l e v id e n c e – th a t w a s n o t p r e s e n te da t tr ia l.” Schlup v. D e lo , 5 1 3 U .S . 2 9 8 , 3 2 4 , 1 1 5 S . C t. 8 5 1 , 8 6 5 , 1 3 0 L . E d . 2 d8 0 8 ( 1 9 9 5 ) . W e f in dn o r e v e r s ib le e rr o rh e r e . F ir s t, th e d is tr ic t c o u rt d idn o t e rrin di s m i s s i ng R i c h’ s pe t i t i on a s t i m e - ba rr e d unde r§ 2244( d) . A l though R i c h f i l e d a m ot i on f ors t a t e pos t - c onvi c t i on r e l i e f w i thi n the tw o- y e a rpe r i od a l l ow e d by F l ori da l aw , hi s doi ng so di d n otprec l ud e § 22 44 (d)’ s one-y ear t i m e l i m i tt o fi l e a f e d e r a l h ab e a s p e titio n . T i nker , 25 5 F . 3d at13 34 -35. B ec ause abou ttw o-and-aha l f y e a r s of unt ol l e d t i m e pa s s e d be tw e e n R i c h’ s c onvi c t i on be c om i ng f i na l a nd h is f ilin g f o rf e d e r a l h ab e a s r e lie f

, h is f e d e r a l h ab e a s p e titio n is tim e - b a rr e d . S e c o n d , R i c h i s n o te n t i t l e dt o e q u i t ab l e t o l l i n g b e c au s e h e h a s n o ts h o wn thatextra ordi naryci rc um st ance s pre vent ed hi m fr om t i m el y f i l i ng hi s f

eder al habe a s pe t i t i on. R i c h f

a i l s t o a l l e ge a nyc i r c um s t a nc e s be y ond hi s c ontr ol , but5

i nst ea d argues thatequi t abl e t ol l i ng shou l d app l y bec ause he i s a pro se l i t i ga nt w h o a c tiv e lyp u r s u e dh is le g a l r e m e d ie s b ytim e lyf ilin g h is m o tio n f

o rs ta te p o s tco n v i ct i o n rel i ef, w i th o u tu n d u e d el ay o r p rej u d i ce t o th e st at e. B u tR i ch ’ s p ro se st atus and h i s c on form i ty w i th st at e l aw ar e notextra ordi naryci rc um st ance s that c o u ldh a v e p r e v e n te dh im f r o m f ilin g h is f

e d e r a l h ab e a s p e titio n o n tim e . See T i nker , 255 F . 3d a t1334- 35. C ons e que nt l y , R i c h f a i l s t o m e e thi s bur de n of s h o w in g th a t e q u itab le to llin g s h o u ldap p ly . I d. F i nal l y, R i ch i s notent i t l ed t o an actual i nn ocence e xcept i on t o the § 22 44 (d) t i m e- bar because he has pres ent ed no new evi dence of hi s f ac tual i nnoc e nc e . I ns t e a d, he a r gue s tha tthe s t a t e ’ s e vi de nc e a thi s tr i a l w a s i ns uf f i c i e nt t o sup po rthi s c on vi ct i on . R i ch’ s argum enti s notbase d o n n ew re l i abl e e vi dence a n df a ils to s h o w th a t “it is m o r e lik e lyth a n n o t th a t n o r e a s o n ab le ju r o rw o u ld have conv i ct ed hi m . ” B ou sley , 523 U . S . a t623, 118 S . C t . a t1611. C ON C L US I ON W e a ff i rm the di stri ctcourt ’ s di sm i ss al of R i ch’ s § 22 54 pet i t i on as t i m eb a rr e d . A F F I R M E D .