NO. 12-17-00388-CR

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS

TWELFTH COURT OF APPEALS DISTRICT

TYLER, TEXAS

DEDRICK ERVIN, 

APPELLANT

V.

THE STATE OF TEXAS,

APPELLEE

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APPEAL FROM THE 7TH 

JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT

SMITH COUNTY, TEXAS

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Dedrick Andrea Ervin appeals from his conviction for felony driving while intoxicated. 

In a single issue, Appellant contends the imposition of court costs is unsupported by the record. 

We affirm.

BACKGROUND

Appellant was charged by indictment with felony driving while intoxicated. Appellant 

pleaded “not guilty.” Following a jury trial, he was found “guilty” and sentenced to twenty years 

of imprisonment. The judgment reflects the imposition of $538.00 in court costs, but at the time 

it was signed, a bill of costs was not included in the record. After Appellant filed his brief, the 

record was supplemented with a bill of costs.

SUFFICIENCY OF THE EVIDENCE SUPPORTING COURT COSTS

In his only issue, Appellant contends the trial court erred by imposing court costs because 

there was no bill of costs, and as a result, the evidence is legally insufficient to support the 

assessment of court costs in this case. Because the record was supplemented to include a bill of 

costs, we review Appellant’s issue as a challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence.
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Applicable Law

The Texas Code of Criminal Procedure requires that a judgment of conviction order a 

defendant to pay court costs. TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. arts. 42.15, 42.16 (West 2018). 

Only statutorily authorized court costs may be assessed against a criminal defendant. See id. art. 

103.002 (West 2018). The clerk of the trial court is required to keep a fee record, and a 

statement of an item therein is prima facie evidence of the correctness of the statement. Id. art. 

103.009(a), (c) (West 2018); see Owen v. State, 352 S.W.3d 542, 548 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 

2011, no pet.). If a criminal action is transferred or appealed, “an officer of the court shall certify 

and sign a bill of costs stating the costs that have accrued and send the bill of costs to the court to 

which the action or proceeding is transferred or appealed.” TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 

103.006 (West 2018). Article 103.001(b) states that a cost is not payable by the person charged 

with the cost until a written bill is produced containing the items of costs and signed by the 

officer who charged the cost or who is entitled to receive payment for the costs. Id. art. 

103.001(b) (West 2018). Court costs, as reflected in a certified bill of costs, need not be orally 

pronounced or incorporated by reference to be effective, because court costs do not alter the 

range of punishment to which the defendant is subject, or the number of years assessed, and, 

thus, are not part of the sentence. Armstrong v. State, 340 S.W.3d 759, 766–67 (Tex. Crim. 

App. 2011) (citing Weir v. State, 278 S.W.3d 364, 367 (Tex. Crim. App. 2009)).

A criminal defendant may challenge the bases for court costs for the first time on appeal. 

Johnson v. State, 423 S.W.3d 385, 390–91 (Tex. Crim. App. 2014). In most instances, the 

appellant would have no basis to object because no itemized bill is available when the sentence is 

imposed in open court and the judgment generally contains only an aggregate figure. Id. An 

omitted bill of costs can be prepared and added to the record by a supplemental clerk’s record. 

Id. at 392. A document that contains an itemized list of court costs, the clerk’s seal, and a deputy 

clerk’s signature satisfies the requirements for a bill of costs under Article 103.001. Id. at 393. 

A bill of costs prepared after a criminal trial need not be presented to the trial court because it 

has no bearing on the defendant’s guilt or sentence. Id. at 394. The fact that most court costs are 

mandated by statute dispenses with the need for an ordinary sufficiency review. Id. at 388–90. 

An appellate court reviews “the assessment of court costs on appeal to determine if there is a 

basis for the cost, not to determine if there was sufficient evidence offered at trial to prove each 

cost, and traditional Jackson evidentiary-sufficiency principles do not apply.” Id. at 390.
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Discussion

In the instant case, an itemized list of court costs, bearing the clerk’s seal and the deputy 

clerk’s signature, was prepared and added to the record after the appeal was filed. Thus, Article 

103.001 is satisfied. See TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art 103.001. We have verified the 

statutory basis for each of the nineteen items of court costs assessed against Appellant. See, e.g.,

Ireland v. State, No. 03–14–00616–CR, 2015 WL 4914982, at *3 n.3 (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 

12, 2015, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication) (identifying statutory sources for 

assessment of fees in bill of costs); see also Golden v. State, No. 12–16–00278–CR, 2017 WL 

3405201 at *3 n.1 (Tex. App.–Tyler Aug. 9, 2017, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for 

publication). Appellant’s sole issue is overruled.

DISPOSITION

Having overruled Appellant’s sole issue, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.

JAMES T. WORTHEN

Chief Justice

Opinion delivered June 20, 2018.

Panel consisted of Worthen, C.J., Hoyle, J., and Neeley, J.

(DO NOT PUBLISH)
COURT OF APPEALS

TWELFTH COURT OF APPEALS DISTRICT OF TEXAS

JUDGMENT

JUNE 20, 2018

NO. 12-17-00388-CR

DEDRICK ERVIN,

Appellant

V.

THE STATE OF TEXAS,

Appellee

Appeal from the 7th District Court 

of Smith County, Texas (Tr.Ct.No. 007-1053-17)

THIS CAUSE came to be heard on the appellate record and briefs filed 

herein, and the same being considered, it is the opinion of this court that there was no error in the 

judgment.

It is therefore ORDERED, ADJUDGED and DECREED that the judgment 

of the court below be in all things affirmed, and that this decision be certified to the court 

below for observance.

James T. Worthen, Chief Justice.

Panel consisted of Worthen, C.J., Hoyle, J., and Neeley, J.