<PAGE>

                                                                  EXHIBIT 4.1

         INDENTURE dated as of March 15, 2000 between IBASIS, INC., a
Delaware corporation (hereinafter sometimes called the "Company", as more fully
set forth in Section 1.1), and The Bank of New York, a New York banking
corporation, as trustee (hereinafter sometimes called the "Trustee", as more
fully set forth in Section 1.1).

                              W I T N E S S E T H:

         WHEREAS, for its lawful corporate purposes, the Company has duly
authorized the issue of its 5 3/4% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2005
(hereinafter sometimes called the "Notes"), in an aggregate principal amount not
to exceed $150,000,000 ($172,500,000 if the over-allotment option is exercised
in full) and to provide the terms and conditions upon which the Notes are to be
authenticated, issued and delivered, the Company has duly authorized the
execution and delivery of this Indenture; and

         WHEREAS, the Notes, the certificate of authentication to be borne by
the Notes, a form of assignment, a form of option to elect repayment upon a
Repurchase Event, a form of conversion notice and a certificate of transfer to
be borne by the Notes are to be substantially in the forms hereinafter provided
for; and

         WHEREAS, all acts and things necessary to make the Notes, when executed
by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee or a duly
authorized authenticating agent, as in this Indenture provided, the valid,
binding and legal obligations of the Company, and to constitute these presents a
valid agreement according to its terms, have been done and performed, and the
execution of this Indenture and the issue hereunder of the Notes have in all
respects been duly authorized.

         NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

         That in order to declare the terms and conditions upon which the Notes
are, and are to be, authenticated, issued and delivered, and in consideration of
the premises and of the purchase and acceptance of the Notes by the holders
thereof, the Company covenants and agrees with the Trustee for the equal and
proportionate benefit of the respective holders from time to time of the Notes
(except as otherwise provided below), as follows:


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                                   ARTICLE 1.

                                   DEFINITIONS

         Section 1.1. DEFINITIONS. The terms defined in this Section 1.1 (except
as herein otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires)
for all purposes of this Indenture and of any indenture supplemental hereto
shall have the respective meanings specified in this Section 1.1. All other
terms used in this Indenture, which are defined in the Trust Indenture Act or
which are by reference therein defined in the Securities Act (except as herein
otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires) shall
have the meanings assigned to such terms in said Trust Indenture Act and in said
Securities Act as in force at the date of the execution of this Indenture. The
words "herein," "hereof," "hereunder," and words of similar import refer to this
Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other
Subdivision. The terms defined in this Article include the plural as well as the
singular.

         AFFILIATE: The term "Affiliate" of any specified person shall mean any
other person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct
or indirect common control with such specified person. For the purposes of this
definition, "control," when used with respect to any specified person means the
power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such
person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting
securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms "controlling" and
"controlled" have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

         BOARD OF DIRECTORS: The term "Board of Directors" shall mean the Board
of Directors of the Company or a committee of such Board duly authorized to act
for it hereunder.

         BOARD RESOLUTION: The term "Board Resolution" means a copy of a
resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company
to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors, or duly authorized
committee thereof (to the extent permitted by applicable law), and to be in full
force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the
Trustee.

         BUSINESS DAY: The term "Business Day" means each Monday, Tuesday,
Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which the banking
institutions in The City of New York or the city in which the Corporate Trust
Office is located are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close
or be closed.

         CHANGE IN CONTROL: The term "Change in Control" shall have the meaning
specified in Section 16.4.

         CLOSE OF BUSINESS: The term "close of business" means 5 p.m. (New York
City time).

         COMMISSION: The term "Commission" shall mean the Securities and
Exchange Commission.


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         COMMON STOCK: The term "Common Stock" shall mean any stock of any class
of the Company which has no preference in respect of dividends or of amounts
payable in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or
winding up of the Company and which is not subject to redemption by the Company.
Subject to the provisions of Section 15.6, however, shares issuable on
conversion of Notes shall include only shares of the class designated as common
stock of the Company at the date of this Indenture or shares of any class or
classes resulting from any reclassification or reclassifications thereof and
which have no preference in respect of dividends or of amounts payable in the
event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of
the Company and which are not subject to redemption by the Company; PROVIDED
that if at any time there shall be more than one such resulting class, the
shares of each such class then so issuable shall be substantially in the
proportion which the total number of shares of such class resulting from all
such reclassifications bears to the total number of shares of all such classes
resulting from all such reclassifications.

         COMPANY: The term "Company" shall mean iBasis, Inc., a Delaware
corporation, and subject to the provisions of Article 12, shall include its
successors and assigns.

         CONVERSION PRICE: The term "Conversion Price" shall have the meaning
specified in Section 15.4.

         CORPORATE TRUST OFFICE: The term "Corporate Trust Office," or other
similar term, shall mean the office of the Trustee at which at any particular
time its corporate trust business shall be principally administered, which
office is, at the date as of which this Indenture is dated, located at [101
Barclay Street, 21W, New York, New York 10286], Attention: Corporate Trust
Administration (iBasis 5 3/4% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2005).

         CUSTODIAN: The term "Custodian" means the custodian with respect to
respect to the Notes in global form (as appointed by DTC), or any successor
person thereto and shall initially be the Trustee.

         DEFAULT: The term "default" shall mean any event that is, or after
notice or passage of time, or both, would be, an Event of Default.

         DEPOSITARY: The term "Depositary" means, with respect to the Notes
issuable or issued in whole or in part in global form, the person specified in
Section 2.5(d) as the Depositary with respect to such Notes, until a successor
shall have been appointed and become such pursuant to the applicable provisions
of this Indenture, and thereafter, "Depositary" shall mean or include such
successor.

         DESIGNATED SENIOR INDEBTEDNESS: The term "Designated Senior
Indebtedness" means the Company's obligations under any particular Senior
Indebtedness in which the instrument creating or evidencing the same or the
assumption or guarantee thereof (or related agreements or documents to which the
Company is a party) expressly provides that such Senior Indebtedness


                                       3
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shall be "Designated Senior Indebtedness" for purposes of this Indenture
(provided that such instrument, agreement or other document may place
limitations and conditions on the right of such Senior Indebtedness to exercise
the rights of Designated Senior Indebtedness).

         EVENT OF DEFAULT: The term "Event of Default" shall mean any event
specified in Section 7.1, continued for the period of time, if any, and after
the giving of notice, if any, therein designated.

         EXCHANGE ACT: The term "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

         EXPIRATION TIME: The term "Expiration Time" shall have the meaning
specified in Section 15.5(f).

         GLOBAL NOTE: The term "Global Note" shall have the meaning specified in
Section 2.5(b).

         INDEBTEDNESS: The term "Indebtedness" shall mean any obligations of, or
guaranteed or assumed by, the Company or any Significant Subsidiary for borrowed
money.

         INDENTURE: The term "Indenture" shall mean this instrument as
originally executed or, if amended or supplemented as herein provided, as so
amended or supplemented.

         NOTE OR NOTES: The terms "Note" or "Notes" shall mean any Note or
Notes, as the case may be, authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

         NOTEHOLDER, HOLDER OR HOLDER: The terms "Noteholder", "Holder" or
"holder" as applied to any Note, or other similar terms (but excluding the term
"beneficial holder"), shall mean any person in whose name at the time a
particular Note is registered on the Note register.

         NOTE REGISTER: The term "Note register" shall have the meaning
specified in Section 2.5.

         OFFICERS' CERTIFICATE: The term "Officers' Certificate", when used with
respect to the Company, shall mean a certificate signed by (a) one of the
President, the Chief Executive Officer, Executive Vice President or any Vice
President (whether or not designated by a word or words added after the title
"Vice President") and (b) by one of the Treasurer or any Assistant Treasurer,
Secretary or any Assistant Secretary or Controller of the Company, which is
delivered to the Trustee. Each such certificate shall include the statements
provided for in Section 17.5 if and to the extent required by the provisions of
such Section.

         OPINION OF COUNSEL: The term "Opinion of Counsel" shall mean an opinion
in writing signed by legal counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel to the
Company, or other counsel acceptable to the Trustee, which is delivered to the
Trustee. Each such opinion shall


                                       4
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include the statements provided for in Section 17.5 if and to the extent
required by the provisions of such Section.

         OUTSTANDING: The term "outstanding," when used with reference to Notes,
shall, subject to the provisions of Section 9.4, mean, as of any particular
time, all Notes authenticated and delivered by the Trustee under this Indenture,
except:

         (a) Notes theretofore canceled by the Trustee or delivered to the
Trustee for cancellation;

         (b) Notes, or portions thereof, for the payment, or redemption of which
monies in the necessary amount shall have been deposited in trust with the
Trustee or with any paying agent (other than the Company) or shall have been set
aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its
own paying agent); PROVIDED that if such Notes are to be redeemed, as the case
may be, prior to the maturity thereof, notice of such redemption shall have been
given as provided in Section 3.2, or provision satisfactory to the Trustee shall
have been made for giving such notice;

         (c) Notes in lieu of which, or in substitution for which, other Notes
shall have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the terms of Section 2.6
unless proof satisfactory to the Trustee is presented that any such Notes are
held by bona fide holders in due course; and

         (d) Notes converted into Common Stock pursuant to Article 15 and Notes
deemed not outstanding pursuant to Section 3.2.

         PERSON OR PERSON: The term "person" or "Person" shall mean an
individual, a corporation, a limited liability company, an association, a
partnership, an individual, a joint venture, a joint stock company, a trust, an
unincorporated organization or a government or an agency or a political
subdivision thereof.

         PREDECESSOR NOTE: The term "Predecessor Note" of any particular Note
shall mean every previous Note evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as
that evidenced by such particular Note; and, for the purposes of this
definition, any Note authenticated and delivered under Section 2.6 in lieu of a
lost, destroyed or stolen Note shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the
lost, destroyed or stolen Note that it replaces.

         REPURCHASE EVENT: The term "Repurchase Event" shall have the meaning
specified in Section 16.4.

         REPURCHASE PRICE: The term "Repurchase Price" has the meaning specified
in Section 16.1.


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<PAGE>

         RESPONSIBLE OFFICER: The term "Responsible Officer", when used with
respect to the Trustee, shall mean an officer of the Trustee in the Corporate
Trust Office assigned and duly authorized by the Trustee to administer its
obligations under this Indenture.

         SECURITIES ACT: The term "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of
1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

         SENIOR INDEBTEDNESS: The term "Senior Indebtedness" means the principal
of, premium, if any, interest on (including any interest accruing after the
filing of a petition by or against the Company under any bankruptcy law, whether
or not allowed as a claim after such filing in any proceeding under such
bankruptcy law) and any other payment due pursuant to, any of the following,
whether outstanding on the date of this Indenture or thereafter incurred or
created:

                  (a) All indebtedness of the Company for money borrowed that is
         evidenced by notes, debentures, bonds or other securities (including,
         but not limited to, those which are convertible or exchangeable for
         securities of the Company);

                  (b) All indebtedness of the Company due and owing with respect
         to letters of credit (including, but not limited to, reimbursement
         obligations with respect thereto), bankers' guarantees or bankers'
         acceptances;

                  (c) All indebtedness or other obligations of the Company due
         and owing with respect to interest rate and currency swap agreements,
         cap, floor and collar agreements, currency spot and forward contracts
         and other similar agreements and arrangements;

                  (d) All indebtedness consisting of commitment or standby fees
         due and payable to lending institutions with respect to credit
         facilities or letters of credit available to the Company;

                  (e) All obligations of the Company under leases required or
         permitted to be capitalized under generally accepted accounting
         principles;

                  (f) All indebtedness or obligations of others of the kinds
         described in any of the preceding clauses (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e)
         assumed by or guaranteed in any manner by the Company or in effect
         guaranteed (directly or indirectly) by the Company through an agreement
         to purchase, contingent or otherwise, and all obligations of the
         Company under any such guarantee or other arrangements; and

                  (g) All renewals, extensions, refundings, deferrals,
         amendments or modifications of indebtedness or obligations of the kinds
         described in any of the preceding clauses (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) or
         (f);

unless in the case of any particular indebtedness, obligation, renewal,
extension, refunding, amendment, modification or supplement, the instrument or
other document creating or


                                       6
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evidencing the same or the assumption or guarantee of the same expressly
provides that such indebtedness, obligation, renewal, extension, refunding,
amendment, modification or supplement is subordinate to, or is not superior to,
or is PARI PASSU with, the Notes; PROVIDED that Senior Indebtedness shall not
include (i) any indebtedness of any kind of the Company to any subsidiary of the
Company, a majority of the voting stock of which is owned, directly or
indirectly, by the Company, (ii) indebtedness for trade payables or constituting
the deferred purchase price of assets or services incurred in the ordinary
course of business, or (iii) the Notes.

         SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARY: The term "Significant Subsidiary" means, with
respect to any person, a Subsidiary of such person that would constitute a
"significant subsidiary" as such term is defined under Rule 1-02 of Regulation
S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

         SUBSIDIARY: The term "Subsidiary" means a corporation more than 50% of
the outstanding voting stock of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by the
Company or by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by the Company and one or more
other Subsidiaries. For the purposes of this definition, "voting stock" means
stock which ordinarily has voting power for the election of directors, whether
at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has such voting power
by reason of any contingency.

         TRADING DAY: The term "Trading Day" has the meaning specified in
Section 15.5(h)(5).

         TRUST INDENTURE ACT: The term "Trust Indenture Act" shall mean the
Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, as it was in force at the date of
execution of this Indenture, except as provided in Sections 11.3 and 15.6;
PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended
after the date hereof, the term "Trust Indenture Act" shall mean, to the extent
required by such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as so amended.

         TRUSTEE: The term "Trustee" shall mean [The Bank of New York], and its
successors and any corporation resulting from or surviving any consolidation or
merger to which it or its successors may be a party and any successor trustee at
the time serving as successor trustee hereunder.

         The definitions of certain other terms are contained herein, including
those specified in Article 15 and Article 16.


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                                   ARTICLE 2.

        ISSUE, DESCRIPTION, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION AND EXCHANGE OF NOTES

         Section 2.1. DESIGNATION, AMOUNT AND ISSUE OF NOTES. The Notes shall
be designated as "5 3/4% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2005." Notes not to
exceed the aggregate principal amount of $150,000,000 (or $172,500,000 if the
over-allotment option set forth in Section 2(c) of the Underwriting Agreement
dated March 9, 2000, as amended from time to time by the parties
thereto), by and among the Company and the Underwriters is exercised in
full) upon the execution of this Indenture, or (except pursuant to Sections 2.5,
2.6, 3.3, 15.2 and 16.2) from time to time thereafter, may be executed by the
Company and delivered to the Trustee for authentication, and the Trustee shall
thereupon authenticate and deliver said Notes upon the written order of the
Company, signed by the Company's (a) President, Executive Vice President or any
Vice President (whether or not designated by a word or words added after the
title "Vice President") and (b) Treasurer or Assistant Treasurer or its
Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, without any further action by the Company
hereunder other than the provision to the Trustee of an Officer's Certificate
and Opinion of Counsel.

         Section 2.2. FORM OF NOTES. The Notes and the Trustee's certificate of
authentication to be borne by such Notes shall be substantially in the form set
forth in Exhibit A, which is incorporated in and made a part of this Indenture.

         Any of the Notes may have such letters, numbers or other marks of
identification and such notations, legends and endorsements as the officers
executing the same may approve (execution thereof to be conclusive evidence of
such approval) and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this
Indenture, or as may be required to comply with any law or with any rule or
regulation made pursuant thereto or with any rule or regulation of any
securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Notes may be
listed or designated for issuance, or to conform to usage.

         The Global Note shall represent such of the outstanding Notes as shall
be specified therein and shall provide that it shall represent the aggregate
amount of outstanding Notes from time to time endorsed thereon and that the
aggregate amount of outstanding Notes represented thereby may from time to time
be increased or reduced to reflect transfers or exchanges permitted hereby. Any
endorsement of the Global Note to reflect the amount of any increase or decrease
in the amount of outstanding Notes represented thereby shall be made by the
Trustee or the Custodian, at the direction of the Trustee, in such manner and
upon instructions given by the holder of such Notes in accordance with this
Indenture. Payment of principal of and interest and premium, if any (including
any redemption price), on the Global Note shall be made to the holder of such
Note.

         The terms and provisions contained in the form of Note attached as
Exhibit A hereto shall constitute, and is hereby expressly made, a part of this
Indenture and to the extent applicable, the


                                       8
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Company and the Trustee, by their execution and delivery of this Indenture,
expressly agree to such terms and provisions and to be bound thereby.

         Section 2.3. DATE AND DENOMINATION OF NOTES; PAYMENTS OF INTEREST. The
Notes shall be issuable in registered form without coupons in denominations of
$1,000 principal amount and integral multiples thereof. Every Note shall be
dated the date of its authentication, and shall bear interest from the
applicable date and accrued interest shall be payable March 15 and
September 15, commencing September 15, 2000 as specified on the face of the form
of Note, attached as Exhibit A hereto.

         The person in whose name any Note (or its Predecessor Note) is
registered at the close of business on any record date with respect to any
interest payment date (including any Note that is converted after the record
date and on or before the interest payment date) shall be entitled to receive
the interest payable on such interest payment date notwithstanding the
cancellation of such Note upon any transfer, exchange or conversion subsequent
to the record date and on or prior to such interest payment date. Interest may,
at the option of the Company, be paid by check mailed to the address of such
person on the Note registry; PROVIDED that, with respect to any holder of Notes
with an aggregate principal amount equal to or in excess of $2,000,000, at the
request of such holder in writing to the Company, interest on such holder's
Notes shall be paid by wire transfer in immediately available funds in
accordance with the wire transfer instruction supplied by such holder from time
to time to the Trustee and paying agent (if different from Trustee) at least two
days prior to the applicable record date. The term "record date" with respect to
any interest payment date shall mean the March 1 or September 1 preceding
said March 15 or September 15, respectively.

         Interest on the Notes shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year
comprised of twelve 30-day months compounded semi-annually.

         Any interest on any Note which is payable, but is not punctually paid
or duly provided for, on any said March 15 or September 15 (herein called
"Defaulted Interest") shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Noteholder on
the relevant record date by virtue of his having been such Noteholder; and such
Defaulted Interest shall be paid by the Company, at its election in each case,
as provided in clause (1) or (2) below:

                  (1) The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted
         Interest to the persons in whose names the Notes (or their respective
         Predecessor Notes) are registered at the close of business on a special
         record date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be
         fixed in the following manner. The Company shall notify the Trustee in
         writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest to be paid on each Note and
         the date of the payment (which shall be not less than twenty-five (25)
         days after the receipt by the Trustee of such notice, unless the
         Trustee shall consent to an earlier date), and at the same time the
         Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the
         aggregate amount to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or
         shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit
         prior to the date of the proposed


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         payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit
         of the persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause
         provided. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a special record date for the
         payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall be not more than fifteen
         (15) days and not less than ten (10) days prior to the date of the
         proposed payment and not less than ten (10) days after the receipt by
         the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall
         promptly notify the Company of such special record date and, in the
         name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the
         proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the special record date
         therefor to be mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Noteholder
         as of such special record date at his address as it appears in the Note
         register, not less than ten (10) days prior to such special record
         date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the
         special record date therefor having been so mailed, such Defaulted
         Interest shall be paid to the persons in whose names the Notes (or
         their respective Predecessor Notes) were registered at the close of
         business on such special record date and shall no longer be payable
         pursuant to the following clause (2).

                  (2) The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest in
         any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any
         securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Notes
         may be listed or designated for issuance, and upon such notice as may
         be required by such exchange or automated quotation system, if, after
         notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment
         pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed
         practicable by the Trustee.

         Section 2.4. EXECUTION OF NOTES. The Notes shall be signed in the name
and on behalf of the Company by either the facsimile or manual signature of its
President, its Chief Executive Officer, any of its Executive or Senior Vice
Presidents, or any of its Vice Presidents (whether or not designated by a number
or numbers or word or words added before or after the title "Vice President")
and attested by either the manual or facsimile signature of its Secretary or any
of its Assistant Secretaries (which may be printed, engraved or otherwise
reproduced thereon, by facsimile or otherwise). Only such Notes as shall bear
thereon a certificate of authentication substantially in the form set forth on
the form of Note attached as Exhibit A hereto, manually executed by the Trustee
(or an authenticating agent appointed by the Trustee as provided by Section
17.11), shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture or be valid or
obligatory for any purpose. Such certificate by the Trustee (or such an
authenticating agent) upon any Note executed by the Company shall be conclusive
evidence that the Note so authenticated has been duly authenticated and
delivered hereunder and that the holder is entitled to the benefits of this
Indenture.

         In case any officer of the Company who shall have signed any of the
Notes shall cease to be such officer before the Notes so signed shall have been
authenticated and delivered by the Trustee, or disposed of by the Company, such
Notes nevertheless may be authenticated and delivered or disposed of as though
the person who signed such Notes had not ceased to be such officer of the
Company; and any Note may be signed on behalf of the Company by such persons


                                       10
<PAGE>

as, at the actual date of the execution of such Note, shall be the proper
officers of the Company, although at the date of the execution of this Indenture
any such person was not such an officer.

         Section 2.5. EXCHANGE AND REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER OF NOTES;
         DEPOSITARY.

         (a) (1) The Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust
Office a register (the register maintained in such office and in any other
office or agency of the Company designated pursuant to Section 5.2 being herein
sometimes collectively referred to as the "Note register") in which, subject to
such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide for
the registration of Notes and of transfers of Notes. Such register shall be in
written form or in any form capable of being converted into written form within
a reasonable period of time. The Trustee is hereby appointed "Note registrar"
for the purpose of registering Notes and transfers of Notes as herein provided.
The Company may appoint one or more co-registrars in accordance with Section
5.2.

               (2) Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Note to
         the Note registrar or any co-registrar, and satisfaction of the
         requirements for such transfer set forth in this Section 2.5, the
         Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver,
         in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more
         new Notes of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate
         principal amount and bearing such restrictive legends as may be
         required by this Indenture.

               (3) Notes may be exchanged for other Notes of any authorized
         denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount, upon surrender
         of the Notes to be exchanged at any such office or agency. Whenever any
         Notes are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and
         the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Notes which the
         Noteholder making the exchange is entitled to receive, bearing
         registration numbers not contemporaneously outstanding.

               (4) All Notes presented or surrendered for registration of
         transfer or for exchange shall (if so required by the Company, the
         Trustee, the Note registrar or any co-registrar) be duly endorsed, or
         be accompanied by a written instrument or instruments of transfer in
         form satisfactory to the Company and duly executed, by the Noteholder
         thereof or his attorney-in-fact duly authorized in writing.

               (5) No service charge shall be charged to the Noteholder for any
         exchange or registration of transfer of Notes, but the Company may
         require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax, assessments or
         other governmental charges that may be imposed in connection therewith
         other than stamp or other duties imposed with respect to the issuance
         of the Notes, which shall be paid by the Company.

               (6) None of the Company, the Trustee, the Note registrar or any
         co-registrar shall be required to exchange or register a transfer of
         (a) any Notes for a period of fifteen (15) days next preceding any
         selection of Notes to be redeemed or (b) any Notes called


                                       11
<PAGE>

         for redemption or, if a portion of any Note is selected or called for
         redemption, such portion thereof selected or called for redemption or
         (c) any Notes surrendered for conversion or, if a portion of any Note
         is surrendered for conversion, such portion thereof surrendered for
         conversion or (d) any Notes, or a portion of any Note, surrendered for
         repurchase (and not withdrawn) in connection with a Repurchase Event.

               (7) All Notes issued upon any transfer or exchange of Notes in
         accordance with this Indenture shall be the valid obligations of the
         Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits
         under this Indenture as the Notes surrendered upon such registration of
         transfer or exchange.

         (b) So long as the Notes are eligible for book-entry settlement with
the Depositary, unless otherwise required by law, all Notes shall be represented
by a Note in global form (the "Global Note") registered in the name of the
Depositary or the nominee of the Depositary. The transfer and exchange of
beneficial interests in the Global Note shall be effected through the Depositary
(but not the Trustee or the Custodian) in accordance with this Indenture
(including the restrictions on transfer set forth herein) and the procedures of
the Depositary therefor.

         (c) Reserved.

         (d) (1) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture (other
than the provisions set forth in this Section 2.5(d)), the Global Note may not
be transferred as a whole or in part except by the Depositary to a nominee of
the Depositary or by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another
nominee of the Depositary or by the Depositary or any such nominee to a
successor Depositary or a nominee of such successor Depositary.

               (2) The Depositary shall be a clearing agency registered under
         the Exchange Act. The Company initially appoints The Depository Trust
         Company to act as Depositary with respect to the Global Note.
         Initially, the Global Note shall be issued to the Depositary,
         registered in the name of Cede & Co., as the nominee of the Depositary,
         and deposited with the Trustee as custodian for Cede & Co.

               (3) If (i) the Depositary notifies the Company that it is
         unwilling or unable to continue as, or ceases to be, a clearing agency
         registered under Section 17A of the Exchange Act and a successor to the
         Depositary registered as a clearing agency under Section 17A of the
         Exchange Act is not able to be appointed by the Company within 90
         calendar days, or (ii) the Depositary is at any time unwilling or
         unable to continue as Depositary and a successor to the Depositary is
         not able to be appointed by the Company within 90 calendar days, or
         (iii) the Company, at its option, notifies the Trustee in writing that
         it elects to cause the issuance of Notes in the form of definitive
         Notes, the Company shall issue notes in denominations of $1,000 or an
         integral multiple thereof to all beneficial owners of the Global Note
         in exchange for their beneficial interests therein. If an Event of
         Default occurs and is continuing, the Company shall, at the request of
         the Noteholder thereof, exchange all or part of the Global Note for one
         or more definitive


                                       12
<PAGE>

         Notes; PROVIDED that the principal amount of each of such definitive
         Note and such Global Note, after such exchange, shall be $1,000.00 or
         an integral multiple thereof. Whenever a Global Note is exchanged as a
         whole for one or more definitive Notes it shall be surrendered by the
         holder thereof to the Trustee for cancellation.

               (4) If a Note in definitive form is issued in exchange for any
         portion of a Global Note after the close of business on any record date
         at the office or agency where such exchange occurs and before the
         opening of business at such office or agency on the next succeeding
         interest payment date, interest will not be payable on such interest
         payment date in respect of such definitive Note, but will be payable on
         such interest payment date only with respect to the exchanged portion
         of the Global Note in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

               (5) Definitive Notes issued in exchange for all or a part of the
         Global Note pursuant to this Section 2.5(d) shall be registered in such
         names and in such authorized denominations as the Depositary, pursuant
         to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise,
         shall instruct the Trustee. Upon execution and authentication, the
         Trustee shall deliver such definitive Notes to the persons in whose
         names such definitive Notes are so registered.

               (6) At such time as all interests in the Global Note have been
         redeemed, converted, canceled, repurchased or transferred, the Global
         Note shall be, upon receipt thereof, canceled by the Trustee in
         accordance with standing procedures and instructions existing between
         the Depositary and the Custodian. At any time prior to such
         cancellation, if any interest in the Global Note is exchanged for
         definitive Notes, redeemed, converted, canceled, repurchased or
         transferred to a transferee who receives definitive Notes therefor or
         any definitive Note is exchanged or transferred for part of the Global
         Note, the principal amount of the Global Note shall, in accordance with
         the standing procedures and instructions existing between the
         Depositary and the Custodian, be appropriately reduced or increased, as
         the case may be, and an endorsement shall be made on the Global Note,
         by the Trustee or the Custodian, at the direction of the Trustee, to
         reflect such reduction or increase.

         Section 2.6. MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST OR STOLEN NOTES.

         (a) In case any Note shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or
stolen, the Company in its discretion may execute, and upon its request the
Trustee or an authenticating agent appointed by the Trustee shall authenticate
and deliver, a new Note, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, in
exchange and substitution for the mutilated Note, or in lieu of and in
substitution for the Note so destroyed, lost or stolen. In every case the
applicant for a substituted Note shall furnish to the Company, to the Trustee
and, if applicable, to such authenticating agent such security or indemnity as
may be required by them to save each of them harmless for any loss, liability,
cost or expense caused by or connected with such substitution, and, in every
case of destruction, loss or theft, the applicant shall also furnish to the
Company, to


                                       13
<PAGE>

the Trustee and, if applicable, to such authenticating agent evidence to their
satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of such Note and of the ownership
thereof.

         (b) The Trustee or such authenticating agent may authenticate any such
substituted Note and deliver the same upon the receipt of such security or
indemnity as the Trustee, the Company and, if applicable, such authenticating
agent may require. Upon the issuance of any substituted Note, the Company may
require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental
charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses connected
therewith. In case any Note which has matured or is about to mature or has been
called for redemption or is about to be converted into Common Stock shall become
mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company may, instead of issuing a
substitute Note, pay or authorize the payment of or convert or authorize the
conversion of the same (without surrender thereof except in the case of a
mutilated Note), as the case may be, if the applicant for such payment or
conversion shall furnish to the Company, to the Trustee and, if applicable, to
such authenticating agent such security or indemnity as may be required by them
to save each of them harmless for any loss, liability, cost or expense caused by
or connected with such substitution, and, in case of destruction, loss or theft,
evidence satisfactory to the Company, the Trustee and, if applicable, any paying
agent or conversion agent of the destruction, loss or theft of such Note and of
the ownership thereof.

         (c) Every substitute Note issued pursuant to the provisions of this
Section 2.6 by virtue of the fact that any Note is destroyed, lost or stolen
shall constitute an additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or
not the destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall be found at any time, and shall be
entitled to all the benefits of (but shall be subject to all the limitations set
forth in) this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other
Notes duly issued hereunder. To the extent permitted by law, all Notes shall be
held and owned upon the express condition that the foregoing provisions are
exclusive with respect to the replacement or payment or conversion of mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen Notes and shall preclude any and all other rights or
remedies notwithstanding any law or statute existing or hereafter enacted to the
contrary with respect to the replacement or payment or conversion of negotiable
instruments or other securities without their surrender.

         Section 2.7. TEMPORARY NOTES. Pending the preparation of definitive
Notes, the Company may execute and the Trustee or an authenticating agent
appointed by the Trustee shall, upon written request of the Company,
authenticate and deliver temporary Notes (printed or lithographed). Temporary
Notes shall be issuable in any authorized denomination, and substantially in the
form of the definitive Notes but with such omissions, insertions and variations
as may be appropriate for temporary Notes, all as may be determined by the
Company. Every such temporary Note shall be executed by the Company and
authenticated by the Trustee or such authenticating agent upon the same
conditions and in substantially the same manner, and with the same effect, as
the definitive Notes. Without unreasonable delay the Company will execute and
deliver to the Trustee or such authenticating agent definitive Notes (other than
in the case of Notes in global form) and thereupon any or all temporary Notes
(other than any the Global Note) may be surrendered in exchange therefor, at
each office or agency maintained by


                                       14
<PAGE>

the Company pursuant to Section 5.2 and the Trustee or such authenticating agent
shall authenticate and deliver in exchange for such temporary Notes an equal
aggregate principal amount of definitive Notes. Such exchange shall be made by
the Company at its own expense and without any charge therefor. Until so
exchanged, the temporary Notes shall in all respects be entitled to the same
benefits and subject to the same limitations under this Indenture as definitive
Notes authenticated and delivered hereunder.

         Section 2.8. CANCELLATION OF NOTES PAID, ETC. All Notes surrendered for
the purpose of payment, redemption, repurchase, conversion, exchange or
registration of transfer, shall, if surrendered to the Company or any paying
agent or any Note registrar or any conversion agent, be surrendered to the
Trustee and promptly canceled by it, or, if surrendered to the Trustee, shall be
promptly canceled by it, and no Notes shall be issued in lieu thereof except as
expressly permitted by any of the provisions of this Indenture. Upon written
instructions of the Company, the Trustee shall destroy canceled Notes and, after
such destruction, shall deliver a certificate of such destruction to the
Company. If the Company shall acquire any of the Notes, such acquisition shall
not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the indebtedness represented by
such Notes unless and until the same are delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation.

                                  ARTICLE 3.

                              REDEMPTION OF NOTES

         Section 3.1. REDEMPTION PRICES.

         (a) OPTIONAL REDEMPTION. The Company may, at its option, redeem all or
from time to time any part of the Notes on any date prior to maturity, upon
notice as set forth in Section 3.2, and at the optional redemption prices set
forth in the form of Note attached as Exhibit A hereto, together with accrued
interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption, PROVIDED,
HOWEVER, that, other than as provided in Section 3.1(b), no such redemption
shall be effected before March 20, 2003.

         (b) PROVISIONAL REDEMPTION. The Notes may be redeemed by the Company (a
"Provisional Redemption"), in whole or in part, at any time prior to March 20,
2003, upon notice as set forth in Section 3.2, at a redemption price equal to
$1,000 per $1,000 principal amount of Notes to be redeemed plus accrued and
unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption (the "Provisional Redemption
Date") if (i) the closing price of the Common Stock shall have exceeded 150% of
the Conversion Price then in effect for at least 20 Trading Days in any
consecutive 30-Trading Day period ending on the Trading Day prior to the date of
mailing of the notice of redemption pursuant to Section 3.2 (the "Notice Date").
Upon any such Provisional Redemption, the Company shall make an additional
payment in cash (the "Make-Whole Payment") with respect to the Notes called for
redemption to holders on the Notice Date in an amount equal to $152.54 per
$1,000 Note, less the aggregate amount of any interest actually paid on such
Note at any time prior to the Notice Date. The Company shall make the
Make-Whole Payment on all Notes called for Provisional Redemption, including
any Notes converted into


                                       15
<PAGE>

Common Stock pursuant to the terms hereof after the Notice Date and prior to the
Provisional Redemption Date. For purposes of this Article, the term "Conversion
Price" shall have the meaning given such term in Section 15.4 hereof.

         Section 3.2. NOTICE OF REDEMPTION; SELECTION OF NOTES.

         (a) In case the Company shall desire to exercise the right to redeem
all or, as the case may be, any part of the Notes pursuant to Section 3.1, it
shall fix a date for redemption, and it, or at its request (which must be
received by the Trustee at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the date the
Trustee is requested to give notice as described below unless a shorter period
is agreed to by the Trustee), the Trustee in the name of and at the expense of
the Company, shall mail or cause to be mailed a notice of such redemption at
least twenty (20) and not more than sixty (60) days prior to the date fixed for
redemption to the holders of Notes so to be redeemed as a whole or in part at
their last addresses as the same appear on the Note register (PROVIDED that if
the Company shall give such notice, it shall also give such notice, and notice
of the Notes to be redeemed, to the Trustee). Such mailing shall be by first
class mail. The notice if mailed in the manner herein provided shall be
conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether or not the holder
receives such notice. In any case, failure to give such notice by mail or any
defect in the notice to the holder of any Note designated for redemption as a
whole or in part shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the
redemption of any other Note.

         (b) Each such notice of redemption shall identify the Notes
(including CUSIP number(s)) to be redeemed, shall specify the aggregate
principal amount of Notes to be redeemed, the date fixed for redemption, the
redemption price at which Notes are to be redeemed, the place or places of
payment, that payment will be made upon presentation and surrender of such
Notes, that interest accrued to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption
will be paid as specified in said notice, and that on and after said date
interest thereon or on the portion thereof to be redeemed will cease to
accrue. Such notice shall also state the current Conversion Price and the
date on which the right to convert such Notes or portions thereof into Common
Stock will expire. If fewer than all the Notes are to be redeemed, the notice
of redemption shall identify the Notes to be redeemed. In case any Note is to
be redeemed in part only, the notice of redemption shall state the portion of
the principal amount thereof to be redeemed and shall state that on and after
the date fixed for redemption, upon surrender of such Note, a new Note or
Notes in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be
issued.

         (c) On or prior to the redemption date specified in the notice of
redemption given as provided in this Section, the Company will deposit with the
Trustee or with one or more paying agents (or, if the Company is acting as its
own paying agent, set aside, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section
5.4) an amount of money sufficient to redeem on the redemption date all the
Notes (or portions thereof) so called for redemption (other than those
theretofore surrendered for conversion into Common Stock) at the appropriate
redemption price, together with accrued interest to, but excluding, the date
fixed for redemption; PROVIDED that if such payment is made on the redemption
date it must be received by the Trustee or paying agent, as the case may be, by
10:00 a.m. New York City time, on such date. If any Note called for redemption
is converted


                                       16
<PAGE>

pursuant hereto, any money deposited with the Trustee or any paying agent or so
segregated and held in trust for the redemption of such Note shall be paid to
the Company upon its request, or, if then held by the Company shall be
discharged from such trust.

         (d) If fewer than all the Notes are to be redeemed, the Company will
give the Trustee written notice in the form of an Officers' Certificate not
fewer than twenty-five (25) days (or such shorter period of time as may be
acceptable to the Trustee) prior to the redemption date as to the aggregate
principal amount of Notes to be redeemed. If fewer than all the Notes are to be
redeemed, the Trustee shall select the Notes or portions thereof to be redeemed
(in principal amounts of $1,000 or integral multiples thereof), by lot, or by a
method the Trustee considers fair and appropriate (as long as such method is not
prohibited by the rules of any United States national securities exchange or of
an established automated over-the-counter trading market in the United States on
which the Notes are then listed). If any Note selected for partial redemption is
converted in part after such selection, the converted portion of such Note shall
be deemed (so far as is possible) to be the portion to be selected for
redemption. The Notes (or portions thereof) so selected shall be deemed duly
selected for redemption for all purposes hereof, notwithstanding that any such
Note is converted as a whole or in part before the mailing of the notice of
redemption.

         (e) Upon any redemption of less than all Notes, the Company and the
Trustee may (but need not) treat as outstanding any Notes surrendered for
conversion during the period of fifteen (15) days next preceding the mailing of
a notice of redemption and may (but need not) treat as not outstanding any Note
authenticated and delivered during such period in exchange for the unconverted
portion of any Note converted in part during such period.

         Section 3.3.      PAYMENT OF NOTES CALLED FOR REDEMPTION.

         (a) If notice of redemption has been given as above provided, the Notes
or portion of Notes with respect to which such notice has been given shall,
unless converted into Common Stock pursuant to the terms hereof, become due and
payable on the date and at the place or places stated in such notice at the
applicable redemption price, together with interest accrued to, but excluding,
the date fixed for redemption, and on and after said date (unless the Company
shall default in the payment of such Notes at the redemption price, together
with interest accrued to, but excluding, said date) interest on the Notes or
portion of Notes so called for redemption shall cease to accrue and such Notes
shall cease after the close of business on the Business Day next preceding the
date fixed for redemption to be convertible into Common Stock and, except as
provided in Sections 8.5 and 13.4, to be entitled to any benefit or security
under this Indenture, and the holders thereof shall have no right in respect of
such Notes except the right to receive the redemption price thereof and unpaid
interest to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption. On presentation and
surrender of such Notes at a place of payment in said notice specified, the said
Notes or the specified portions thereof to be redeemed shall be paid and
redeemed by the Company at the applicable redemption price, together with
interest accrued thereon to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption;
PROVIDED that, if the applicable redemption date is an interest payment date,
the semi-annual payment of interest becoming due on such date shall be


                                       17
<PAGE>

payable to the holders of such Notes registered as such on the relevant record
date subject to the terms and provisions of Section 2.3 hereof.

         (b) Upon presentation of any Note redeemed in part only, the Company
shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the holder
thereof, at the expense of the Company, a new Note or Notes, of authorized
denominations, in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the Notes
so presented.

         (c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trustee shall not redeem any
Notes or mail any notice of optional redemption during the continuance of a
default in payment of interest or premium on the Notes or of any Event of
Default of which, in the case of any Event of Default other than under Section
7.1(a), (b), (c) or (e), a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has knowledge. If
any Note called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for
redemption, the principal and premium, if any, shall, until paid or duly
provided for, bear interest from the date fixed for redemption at the rate borne
by the Note and such Note shall remain convertible into Common Stock until the
principal and premium, if any, shall have been paid or duly provided for.

         Section 3.4. CONVERSION ARRANGEMENT ON CALL FOR REDEMPTION. In
connection with any redemption of Notes, the Company may arrange for the
purchase and conversion of any Notes not converted prior to the expiration of
such conversion right by an agreement with one or more investment bankers or
other purchasers to purchase such Notes by paying to the Trustee in trust for
the Noteholders, on or before the date fixed for redemption, an amount not less
than the applicable redemption price, together with interest accrued to the date
fixed for redemption, of such Notes. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary
contained in this Article 3, the obligation of the Company to pay the redemption
price of such Notes, together with interest accrued to, but excluding, the date
fixed for redemption, shall be deemed to be satisfied and discharged to the
extent such amount is so paid by such purchasers. If such an agreement is
entered into, a copy of which, certified as true and correct by the Secretary or
Assistant Secretary of the Company will be filed with the Trustee prior to the
date fixed for redemption, any Notes not duly surrendered for conversion by the
holders thereof may, at the option of the Company, be deemed, to the fullest
extent permitted by law, acquired by such purchasers from such holders and
(notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Article 15) surrendered
by such purchasers for conversion, all as of immediately prior to the close of
business on the date fixed for redemption (and the right to convert any such
Notes shall be deemed to have been extended through such time), subject to
payment of the above amount as aforesaid. At the direction of the Company, the
Trustee shall hold and dispose of any such amount paid to it in the same manner
as it would monies deposited with it by the Company for the redemption of Notes.
Without the Trustee's prior written consent, no arrangement between the Company
and such purchasers for the purchase and conversion of any Notes shall increase
or otherwise affect any of the powers, duties, responsibilities or obligations
of the Trustee as set forth in this Indenture, and the Company agrees to
indemnify the Trustee from, and hold it harmless against, any loss, liability or
expense arising out of or in connection with any such arrangement for the
purchase and conversion of any Notes between the Company and such purchasers,
including the costs and


                                       18
<PAGE>

expenses incurred by the Trustee in the defense of any claim or liability
arising out of or in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its
powers, duties, responsibilities or obligations under this Indenture.

                                  ARTICLE 4.

                              SUBORDINATION OF NOTES

         Section 4.1. AGREEMENT OF SUBORDINATION. The Company covenants and
agrees, and each holder of Notes issued hereunder by his acceptance thereof
likewise covenants and agrees, that all Notes shall be issued subject to the
provisions of this Article 4; and each person holding any Note, whether upon
original issue or upon transfer, assignment or exchange thereof, accepts and
agrees to be bound by such provisions.

         The payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on all
Notes (including, but not limited to, the redemption price or repurchase price
with respect to the Notes to be redeemed or repurchased, as provided in this
Indenture) issued hereunder shall, to the extent and in the manner hereinafter
set forth, be subordinated to the prior payment in full, in cash or in such
other form of payment as may be acceptable to the holders of Senior
Indebtedness, of all Senior Indebtedness, whether outstanding at the date of
this Indenture or thereafter incurred or created.

         No provision of this Article 4 shall prevent the occurrence of any
default or Event of Default hereunder.

         Section 4.2. PAYMENTS TO NOTEHOLDERS. No payment (including pursuant
to any redemption or repurchase of Notes) shall be made with respect to the
principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on the Notes, except payments and
distributions made by the Trustee as permitted by Section 4.6, if:

                  (a) a default in the payment of principal, premium, if any, or
         interest or other payment due on Designated Senior Indebtedness occurs
         and is continuing beyond any applicable period of grace; or

                  (b) any other default occurs and is continuing with respect to
         Designated Senior Indebtedness that then permits holders of the
         Designated Senior Indebtedness as to which such default related to
         accelerate its maturity and the Trustee and the Company receive a
         notice of such default (a "Payment Blockage Notice") from a
         representative of Designated Senior Indebtedness or a holder of
         Designated Senior Indebtedness or the Company.

         The Company may and shall resume payments on the Notes (1) in the case
of a payment default, on the date upon which such default is cured or waived or
ceases to exist, and (2) in the case of a nonpayment default with respect to
Designated Senior Indebtedness, on the earlier of


                                       19
<PAGE>

the date on which the nonpayment default is cured or waived or ceases to exist
or 179 days pass after the date on which the applicable Payment Blockage Notice
is received.

         No new period of payment blockage may be commenced pursuant to a
Payment Blockage Notice unless (A) at least 365 days shall have elapsed since
the first day of effectiveness of the immediately prior Payment Blockage Notice
and (B) all scheduled payments of principal, premium, if any, and interest on
the Notes that have come due have been paid in full in cash, or in such other
form of payment as may be acceptable to the holders of the Notes. No default
(whether or not such event of default is on the same issue of Designated Senior
Indebtedness) that existed or was continuing on the date of delivery of any
Payment Blockage Notice to the Trustee shall be, or be made, the basis for a
subsequent Payment Blockage Notice.

         In addition, in the event of any acceleration of the Notes because of
an Event of Default, no payment or distribution (including with respect to any
redemption or repurchase of the Notes) shall be made to the Trustee or any
holder of Notes with respect to the principal of, premium, if any, or interest
on the Notes, except payments and distributions made by the Trustee as permitted
by Section 4.6, until all Senior Indebtedness has been paid in full in cash or
other payment satisfactory to the holders of Senior Indebtedness or such
acceleration is rescinded in accordance with the terms of this Indenture. If
payment of the Notes is accelerated because of an Event of Default, the Company
shall promptly notify holders of Senior Indebtedness of the acceleration.

         Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the Trustee or any
holder of Notes receives any payment or distribution of assets of the Company of
any kind in contravention of any term of this Indenture, whether in cash,
property or securities, including, without limitation, by way of setoff or
otherwise, before all Senior Indebtedness is paid in full, in cash or such other
form of payment as may be acceptable to the holders of Senior Indebtedness, then
such payment or distribution shall be held by the recipient or recipients in
trust for the benefit of, and shall immediately be paid over or delivered to,
the holders of Senior Indebtedness or their respective representative or
representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to
which any instruments evidencing any Senior Indebtedness may have been issued,
as their respective interests may appear, as calculated by the Company, for
application to the payment of all Senior Indebtedness remaining unpaid to the
extent necessary to make payment in full, in cash or such other form of payment
as may be acceptable to the holders of Senior Indebtedness, of all Senior
Indebtedness remaining unpaid, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or
distribution, or provision therefor, to or for the holders of such Senior
Indebtedness.

         Nothing in this Section 4.2 shall apply to claims of, or payments to,
the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.6. This Section 4.2 shall be subject to the
further provisions of Section 4.6.

         Section 4.3. BANKRUPTCY AND DISSOLUTION, ETC. Upon any payment by the
Company, or distribution of assets of the Company of any kind or character,
whether in cash, property or securities, to creditors upon any dissolution,
winding-up, liquidation or reorganization of the Company, whether voluntary or
involuntary or in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other proceedings, all
amounts due or to become due upon all Senior Indebtedness shall first be paid in


                                       20
<PAGE>

full, in cash or in such other form of payment as may be acceptable to the
holders of Senior Indebtedness, before any payment is made on account of the
principal or premium, if any, and interest on the Notes (except payments made
pursuant to Article 13 from monies deposited with the Trustee pursuant thereto
prior to the happening of such dissolution, winding-up, liquidation or
reorganization or bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other such
proceedings); and upon any such dissolution, winding-up, liquidation or
reorganization or bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other such
proceedings, any payment by the Company, or distribution of assets of the
Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to
which the holders of the Notes or the Trustee under this Indenture would be
entitled, except for the provision of this Article 4, shall (except as
aforesaid) be paid by the Company or by any receiver, trustee in bankruptcy,
liquidating trustee, agent or other person making such payment or distribution,
or by the holders of the Notes or by the Trustee under this Indenture if
received by them or it, directly to the holders of Senior Indebtedness (pro rata
to such holders on the basis of the respective amounts of Senior Indebtedness
held by such holders, or as otherwise required by law or a court order) or their
respective representative or representatives, or to the trustee or trustees
under any indenture pursuant to which any instruments evidencing any Senior
Indebtedness may have been issued, as their respective interests may appear, to
the extent necessary to pay all Senior Indebtedness in full in cash or in such
other form of payment as may be acceptable to the holders of Senior Indebtedness
after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to or for the
holders of Senior Indebtedness, before any payment or distribution is made to
the holders of the Notes or to the Trustee under this Indenture.

         Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the Trustee or any
holder of Notes receives any payment or distribution of assets of the Company of
any kind in contravention of any term of this Indenture, whether in cash,
property or securities, including, without limitation, by way of setoff or
otherwise, before all Senior Indebtedness is paid in full, in cash or such other
form of payment as may be acceptable to the holders of Senior Indebtedness, then
such payment or distribution shall be held by the recipient or recipients in
trust for the benefit of, and shall immediately be paid over or delivered to,
the holders of Senior Indebtedness or their respective representative or
representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to
which any instruments evidencing any Senior Indebtedness may have been issued,
as their respective interests may appear, as calculated by the Company, for
application to the payment of all Senior Indebtedness remaining unpaid to the
extent necessary to make payment in full, in cash or such other form of payment
as may be acceptable to the holders of Senior Indebtedness, of all Senior
Indebtedness remaining unpaid, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or
distribution, or provision therefor, to or for the holders of such Senior
Indebtedness.

         For purposes of Section 4.2 hereof and this Section 4.3, the words
"cash, property or securities" shall not be deemed to include shares of stock of
the Company as reorganized or readjusted, or securities of the Company or any
other corporation provided for by a plan of reorganization or readjustment, the
payment of which is subordinated (at least to the extent provided in this
Article 4 with respect to the Notes) to the payment of all Senior Indebtedness
which may at the time be outstanding; PROVIDED that (i) the Senior Indebtedness
is assumed by the new corporation, if any, resulting from such reorganization or
adjustment, and (ii) the rights


                                       21
<PAGE>

of the holders of Senior Indebtedness (other than leases which are not assumed
by the Company or by the new corporation, as the case may be) are not, without
the consent of such holders, altered by such reorganization or readjustment. The
consolidation of the Company with, or the merger of the Company into, another
corporation or the liquidation or dissolution of the Company following the
conveyance or transfer of its property as an entirety, or substantially as an
entirety, to another corporation upon the terms and conditions provided for in
Article 12 shall not be deemed a dissolution, winding-up, liquidation or
reorganization for the purposes of this Section 4.3 if such other corporation
shall, as a part of such consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer, comply
with the conditions stated in Article 12.

         Nothing in this Section 4.3 shall apply to claims of, or payments to,
the Trustee under or pursuant to Section 8.6. This Section 4.3 shall be subject
to the further provisions of Section 4.6.

         Section 4.4. SUBROGATION OF NOTES. Subject to the payment in full in
cash or in such other form of payment as may be acceptable to the holders of
Senior Indebtedness of all Senior Indebtedness, the rights of the holders of the
Notes shall be subrogated to the extent of the payments or distributions made to
the holders of such Senior Indebtedness pursuant to the provisions of this
Article 4 (equally and ratably with the holders of all indebtedness of the
Company which by its express terms is subordinated to other indebtedness of the
Company to substantially the same extent as the Notes are subordinated and is
entitled to like rights of subrogation) to the rights of the holders of Senior
Indebtedness to receive payments or distributions of cash, property or
securities of the Company applicable to the Senior Indebtedness until the
principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on the Notes shall be paid in
full; and, for the purposes of such subrogation, no payments or distributions to
the holders of the Senior Indebtedness of any cash, property or securities to
which the holders of the Notes or the Trustee would be entitled except for the
provisions of this Article 4, and no payment over pursuant to the provisions of
this Article 4, to or for the benefit of the holders of Senior Indebtedness by
holders of the Notes or the Trustee, shall, as between the Company, its
creditors other than holders of Senior Indebtedness, and the holders of the
Notes, be deemed to be a payment by the Company to or on account of the Senior
Indebtedness; and no payments or distributions of cash, property or securities
to or for the benefit of the holders of the Notes pursuant to the subrogation
provisions of this Article 4, which would otherwise have been paid to the
holders of Senior Indebtedness shall be deemed to be a payment by the Company to
or for the account of the Notes. It is understood that the provisions of this
Article 4 are and are intended solely for the purposes of defining the relative
rights of the holders of the Notes, on the one hand, and the holders of the
Senior Indebtedness, on the other hand.

         Nothing contained in this Article 4 or elsewhere in this Indenture or
in the Notes is intended to or shall impair, as among the Company, its creditors
other than the holders of Senior Indebtedness, and the holders of the Notes, the
obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay to the
holders of the Notes the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on the
Notes as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with their
terms, or is intended to or shall affect the relative rights of the holders of
the Notes and creditors of the Company other than the holders of the Senior
Indebtedness, nor shall anything


                                       22
<PAGE>

herein or therein prevent the Trustee or the holder of any Note from exercising
all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon default under this
Indenture, subject to the rights, if any, under this Article 4 of the holders of
Senior Indebtedness in respect of cash, property or securities of the Company
received upon the exercise of any such remedy.

         Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Company referred to
in this Article 4, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 8.1, and
the holders of the Notes shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree made
by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such bankruptcy, dissolution,
winding-up, liquidation or reorganization proceedings are pending, or a
certificate of the receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent
or other person making such payment or distribution, delivered to the Trustee or
to the holders of the Notes, for the purpose of ascertaining the persons
entitled to participate in such distribution, the holders of the Senior
Indebtedness and other indebtedness of the Company, the amount thereof or
payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed thereon and all other
facts pertinent thereto or to this Article 4.

         Section 4.5. AUTHORIZATION BY NOTEHOLDERS. Each holder of a Note by
his acceptance thereof authorizes and directs the Trustee on his behalf to take
such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the subordination
provided in this Article 4 and appoints the Trustee his attorney-in-fact for any
and all such purposes.

         Section 4.6. NOTICE TO TRUSTEE. The Company shall give written notice
to the Trustee of the issuance of any Designated Senior Indebtedness. In
addition, the Company shall give prompt written notice in the form of an
Officers' Certificate to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee and to any paying
agent of any fact known to the Company which would prohibit the making of any
payment of monies to or by the Trustee or any paying agent in respect of the
Notes pursuant to the provisions of this Article 4. Notwithstanding the
provisions of this Article 4 or any other provision of this Indenture, the
Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of the existence of any Senior
Indebtedness or of any default or event of default with respect to any Senior
Indebtedness or of any other facts which would prohibit the making of any
payment of monies to or by the Trustee in respect of the Notes pursuant to the
provisions of this Article 4, unless and until a Responsible Officer of the
Trustee shall have received written notice thereof at the Corporate Trust Office
from the Company (in the form of an Officers' Certificate) or a holder or
holders of Senior Indebtedness or from any trustee thereof who shall have been
certified by the Company or otherwise established to the reasonable satisfaction
of the Trustee to be such holder or trustee; and before the receipt of any such
written notice, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 8.1, shall be
entitled in all respects to assume that no such facts exist; PROVIDED that if on
a date at least two (2) Business Days prior to the date upon which by the terms
hereof any such monies may become payable for any purpose (including, without
limitation, the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on
any Note), the Trustee shall not have received with respect to such monies the
notice provided for in this Section 4.6, then, anything herein contained to the
contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall have full power and authority to
receive such monies and to apply the same to the purpose for


                                       23
<PAGE>

which they were received, and shall not be affected by any notice to the
contrary which may be received by it on or after such prior date.

         Notwithstanding anything to the contrary hereinbefore set forth,
nothing shall prevent (a) any payment by the Company or the Trustee to the
Noteholders of amounts in connection with a redemption of Notes if (i) notice of
such redemption has been given to the Noteholders pursuant to Article 3 prior to
the receipt by the Trustee of written notice as aforesaid, and (ii) such notice
of redemption is given not earlier than sixty (60) days before the redemption
date, (b) any payment by the Company or the Trustee to the Noteholders of
amounts in connection with a repurchase of Notes if (i) notice of such
repurchase has been given pursuant to Article 16 prior to the receipt by the
Trustee of written notice as aforesaid, and (ii) such notice of repurchase is
given not earlier than forty (40) days before the repurchase date, or (c) any
payment by the Trustee to the Noteholders of monies deposited with it pursuant
to Section 13.1.

         The Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 8.1, shall be
entitled to rely on the delivery to it of a written notice by a person
representing himself to be a holder of Senior Indebtedness (or a trustee on
behalf of such holder) to establish that such notice has been given by a holder
of Senior Indebtedness or a trustee on behalf of any such holder or holders. In
the event that the Trustee determines in good faith that further evidence is
required with respect to the right of any person as a holder of Senior
Indebtedness to participate in any payment or distribution pursuant to this
Article 4, the Trustee may request such person to furnish evidence to the
reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee as to the amount of Senior Indebtedness
held by such person, the extent to which such person is entitled to participate
in such payment or distribution and any other facts pertinent to the rights of
such person under this Article 4, and if such evidence is not furnished the
Trustee may defer any payment to such person pending judicial determination as
to the right of such person to receive such payment.

         Section 4.7. TRUSTEE'S RELATION TO SENIOR INDEBTEDNESS. The Trustee
and any agent of the Company or the Trustee in its individual capacity shall be
entitled to all the rights set forth in this Article 4 in respect of any Senior
Indebtedness at any time held by it, to the same extent as any other holder of
Senior Indebtedness, and nothing in Section 8.13 or elsewhere in this Indenture
shall deprive the Trustee or any such agent of any of its rights as such holder.
Nothing in this Article 4 shall apply to claims of, or payments to, the Trustee
under or pursuant to Section 8.6.

         With respect to the holders of Senior Indebtedness, the Trustee
undertakes to perform or to observe only such of its covenants and obligations
as are specifically set forth in this Article 4, and no implied covenants or
obligations with respect to the holders of Senior Indebtedness shall be read
into this Indenture against the Trustee. The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe
any fiduciary duty to the holders of Senior Indebtedness and, subject to the
provisions of Section 4.2 and Section 8.1, the Trustee shall not be liable to
any holder of Senior Indebtedness if it shall pay over or deliver to holders of
Notes, the Company or any other person money or assets to which any holder of
Senior Indebtedness shall be entitled by virtue of this Article 4 or otherwise.


                                       24
<PAGE>

         Section 4.8. NO IMPAIRMENT OF SUBORDINATION. No right of any present
or future holder of any Senior Indebtedness to enforce subordination as herein
provided shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or impaired by any act or
failure to act on the part of the Company or by any act or failure to act, in
good faith, by any such holder, or by any noncompliance by the Company with the
terms, provisions and covenants of this Indenture, regardless of any knowledge
thereof which any such holder may have or otherwise be charged with.

         Section 4.9. CERTAIN CONVERSIONS DEEMED PAYMENT. For the purposes of
this Article 4 only, (1) the issuance and delivery of junior securities upon
conversion of Notes in accordance with Article 15 shall not be deemed to
constitute a payment or distribution on account of the principal of (or premium,
if any) or interest on Notes or on account of the purchase or other acquisition
of Notes, and (2) the payment, issuance or delivery of cash, property or
securities (other than junior securities) upon conversion of a Note shall be
deemed to constitute payment on account of the principal of such Note. For the
purposes of this Section, the term "junior securities" means (a) shares of any
stock of any class of the Company and (b) securities of the Company which are
subordinated in right of payment to all Senior Indebtedness which may be
outstanding at the time of issuance or delivery of such securities to
substantially the same extent as, or to a greater extent than, the Notes are so
subordinated as provided in this Article. Nothing contained in this Article or
elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Notes is intended to or shall impair, as
among the Company, its creditors other than holders of Senior Indebtedness and
the holders of the Notes, the right, which is absolute and unconditional, of the
holder of any Note to convert such Note in accordance with Article 15.

         Section 4.10. ARTICLE APPLICABLE TO PAYING AGENTS. If at any time any
paying agent other than the Trustee shall have been appointed by the Company and
be then acting hereunder, the term Trustee as used in this Article 4 shall
(unless the context shall otherwise require) be construed as extending to and
including such paying agent within its meaning as fully for all intents and
purposes as if such paying agent were named in this Article in addition to or in
place of the Trustee; provided, however, that the first sentence of Section 4.5
shall not apply to the Company or any Affiliate of the Company if it or such
Affiliate acts as paying agent.

                                 ARTICLE 5.

                      PARTICULAR COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY

         Section 5.1. PAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL, PREMIUM AND INTEREST. The Company
covenants and agrees that it will duly and punctually pay or cause to be paid
the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on each of the Notes at the
places, at the respective times and in the manner provided herein and in the
Notes. Each installment of interest on the Notes due on any semi-annual interest
payment date may be paid by mailing checks for the interest payable to or upon
the written order of the holders of Notes entitled thereto as they shall appear
on the registry books of the Company, provided that, with respect to any holder
of Notes with an aggregate principal amount equal to or in excess of $2,000,000,
at the request of such holder in writing to


                                       25
<PAGE>

the Company, interest on such holder's Notes shall be paid by wire transfer in
immediately available funds in accordance with the wire transfer instructions
supplied by such holder from time to time to the Trustee and paying agent (if
different from Trustee) at least two days prior to the applicable record date;
PROVIDED, FURTHER that any payment to the Depositary or its nominee shall be
made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account of the
Depositary or its +nominee.

         Section 5.2. MAINTENANCE OF OFFICE OR AGENCY. The Company will
maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, an office or agency
where the Notes may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange or
for presentation for payment or for conversion, redemption or repurchase and
where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Notes and
this Indenture may be served. The Company will give prompt written notice to the
Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or
agency not designated or appointed by the Trustee. If at any time the Company
shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to
furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders,
notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office or the
office or agency of the Trustee in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New
York.

         The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other
offices or agencies where the Notes may be presented or surrendered for any or
all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; PROVIDED
that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company
of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in the Borough of Manhattan,
The City of New York, for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written
notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in
the location of any such other office or agency.

         The Company hereby initially designates the Trustee as paying agent,
Note registrar, Custodian and conversion agent and the Corporate Trust Office
and the office or agency of the Trustee in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of
New York (which initially shall be the office of the Trustee located at [101
Barclay Street, 21W, New York, New York 10286]) as one such office or agency of
the Company for each of the aforesaid purposes.

         So long as the Trustee is the Note registrar, the Trustee agrees to
mail, or cause to be mailed, the notices set forth in Section 8.10(a) and the
third paragraph of Section 8.11.

         Section 5.3. APPOINTMENTS TO FILL VACANCIES IN TRUSTEE'S OFFICE. The
Company, whenever necessary to avoid or fill a vacancy in the office of Trustee,
will appoint, in the manner provided in Section 8.10, a Trustee, so that there
shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder.


                                       26
<PAGE>

         Section 5.4.      PROVISIONS AS TO PAYING AGENT.

         (a) If the Company shall appoint a paying agent other than the Trustee
or if the Trustee shall appoint such a paying agent, it will cause such paying
agent to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such agent
shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section 5.4:

                                    (1) that it will hold all sums held by it as
                  such agent for the payment of the principal of and premium, if
                  any, or interest on the Notes (whether such sums have been
                  paid to it by the Company or by any other obligor on the
                  Notes) in trust for the benefit of the holders of the Notes;

                                    (2) that it will give the Trustee notice of
                  any failure by the Company (or by any other obligor on the
                  Notes) to make any payment of the principal of and premium, if
                  any, or interest on the Notes when the same shall be due and
                  payable; and

                                    (3) that at any time during the continuance
                  of an Event of Default, upon request of the Trustee, it will
                  forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust.

                  The Company shall, on or before each due date of the principal
         of, premium, if any, or interest on the Notes, deposit with the paying
         agent a sum sufficient to pay such principal, premium, if any, or
         interest, and (unless such paying agent is the Trustee) the Company
         will promptly notify the Trustee of any failure to take such action,
         provided that if such deposit is made on the due date, such deposit
         must be received by the paying agent by 10:00 a.m., New York City time,
         on such date.

         (b) If the Company shall act as its own paying agent, it will, on or
before each due date of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the
Notes, set aside, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the holders of
the Notes a sum sufficient to pay such principal, premium, if any, or interest
so becoming due and will notify the Trustee of any failure to take such action
and of any failure by the Company (or any other obligor under the Notes) to make
any payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Notes when
the same shall become due and payable.

         (c) Anything in this Section 5.4 to the contrary notwithstanding, the
Company may, at any time, for the purpose of obtaining a satisfaction and
discharge of this Indenture, or for any other reason, pay or cause to be paid to
the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or any paying agent hereunder
as required by this Section 5.4, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the
trusts herein contained and upon such payment by the Company or any paying agent
to the Trustee, the Company or such paying agent shall be released from all
further liability with respect to such sums.


                                       27
<PAGE>

         (d) Anything in this Section 5.4 to the contrary notwithstanding, the
agreement to hold sums in trust as provided in this Section 5.4 is subject to
Sections 13.3 and 13.4.

         Section 5.5. EXISTENCE. Subject to Article 12, the Company will do or
cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and
effect its corporate existence.

         Section 5.6. RESERVED.

         Section 5.7. STAY, EXTENSION AND USURY LAWS. The Company covenants (to
the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it shall not at any time insist
upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage
of, any stay, extension or usury law or other law which would prohibit or
forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of or
interest on the Notes as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any
time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of
this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby
expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it
will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of
any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the
execution of every such power as though no such law has been enacted.

         Section 5.8. COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE. The Company shall deliver to
the Trustee within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company
(beginning with the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2000) an Officers'
Certificate stating whether or not to the best of their knowledge the signers
know of any default or Event of Default that occurred during such period. If
they do, such Officers' Certificate shall describe the default or Event of
Default and its status.

         Section 5.9. FURTHER INSTRUMENTS AND ACTS. Upon request of the
Trustee, the Company will execute and deliver such further instruments and do
such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more
effectively the purposes of this Indenture.

         Section 5.10. PAYMENT OF TAXES AND OTHER CLAIMS. The Company will pay
or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged, before the same shall become
delinquent, (1) all material taxes, assessments and governmental charges levied
or imposed upon it or any subsidiary or upon the income, profits or property of
the Company or any subsidiary, (2) all material lawful claims for labor,
materials and supplies which, if unpaid, might by law become a lien upon the
property of the Company or any subsidiary; and (3) all stamps and similar
duties, if any, which may be imposed by the United States, the United Kingdom or
any political subdivision thereof or therein in connection with the issuance,
transfer, exchange or conversion of any Notes or with respect to this Indenture;
provided, however, that, in the case of clauses (1) and (2) that the Company
shall not be required to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any
such tax, assessment, charge or claim whose amount, applicability or validity is
being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings.


                                       28
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE 6.

         NOTEHOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE

         Section 6.1. NOTEHOLDERS' LISTS. The Company covenants and agrees that
it will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee, semi-annually, not more
than fifteen (15) days after each March 30 and September 30 in each year
beginning with September 30, 2000, and at such other times as the Trustee may
request in writing, within thirty (30) days after receipt by the Company of any
such request (or such lesser time as the Trustee may reasonably request in order
to enable it to timely provide any notice to be provided by it hereunder), a
list in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and
addresses of the holders of Notes as of a date not more than fifteen (15) days
(or such other date as the Trustee may reasonably request in order to so provide
any such notices) prior to the time such information is furnished, except that
no such list need be furnished so long as the Trustee is acting as Note
registrar.

         Section 6.2. PRESERVATION AND DISCLOSURE OF LISTS.

                  (a) The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is
reasonably practicable, all information as to the names and addresses of the
holders of Notes contained in the most recent list furnished to it as provided
in Section 6.1 or maintained by the Trustee in its capacity as Note registrar,
if so acting. The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in
Section 6.1 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.

                  (b) The rights of Noteholders to communicate with other
holders of Notes with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the
Notes and the corresponding rights and duties of the Trustee, shall be as
provided by the Trust Indenture Act.

                  (c) Every Noteholder, by receiving and holding the same,
agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee
nor any agent of either of them shall be held accountable by reason of any
disclosure of information as to names and addresses of holders of Notes made
pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act.

         Section 6.3. REPORTS BY TRUSTEE.

                  (a) The Trustee shall transmit to holders of Notes such
reports concerning the Trustee and its actions under this Indenture as may be
required pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act at the times and in the manner
provided pursuant thereto.

                  (b) A copy of such report shall, at the time of such
transmission to holders of Notes, be filed by the Trustee with each stock
exchange and automated quotation system upon which the Notes are listed, if any,
and with the Company and the Commission. The Company will notify the Trustee
when the Notes are listed on any stock exchange or automated quotation system
and when any such listing is discontinued.


                                       29
<PAGE>

         Section 6.4. REPORTS BY COMPANY.

                  (a) The Company shall file with the Trustee and the
Commission, and transmit to holders of Notes, such information, documents and
other reports and such summaries thereof, as may be required pursuant to the
Trust Indenture Act at the times and in the manner provided pursuant to such
Act; PROVIDED that any such information, documents or reports required to be
filed with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act
shall be filed with the Trustee within 15 days after the same is so required to
be filed with the Commission.

                  (b) The Company will deliver to the Trustee (i) as soon as
available and in any event within ninety (90) days after the end of each fiscal
year of the Company (x) a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its
subsidiaries as of the end of such fiscal year and the related consolidated
statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows for such fiscal
year, all reported on by an independent public accountant of nationally
recognized standing and (y) a report containing a management's discussion and
analysis of the financial condition and results of operations and a description
of the business and properties of the Company and (ii) as soon as available and
in any event within forty-five (45) days after the end of each of the first
three quarters of each fiscal year of the Company an unaudited consolidated
management's discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of
operations of the Company for such quarter; provided that the foregoing
statements and reports shall not be required for any fiscal year or quarter, as
the case may be, with respect to which the Company files or expects to file with
the Trustee an annual report or quarterly report, as the case may be, pursuant
to the preceding paragraph of this Section 6.4. The Trustee shall have no
liability as regards the substance of the information provided by the Company or
its agents pursuant to this Section 6.4.

                                   ARTICLE 7.

                             DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

         Section 7.1. EVENTS OF DEFAULT. In case one or more of the following
Events of Default (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it
shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant
to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation
of any administrative or governmental body) shall have occurred and be
continuing:

         (a) default in the payment of the principal of and premium, if any, on
any of the Notes as and when the same shall become due and payable either at
maturity or in connection with any redemption, by declaration or otherwise,
whether or not such payment is prohibited by the provisions of Article 4; or


                                       30
<PAGE>

         (b) default for thirty (30) days in the payment of any installment of
interest upon any of the Notes as and when the same shall become due and
payable, whether or not such payment is prohibited by the provisions of Article
4; or

         (c) failure on the part of the Company, within 5 days of the
satisfaction of the requirements for conversion set forth in Section 15.2 with
respect to any Note, to deliver shares of its common stock, including cash for
fractional shares, to the holder of such Note; or

         (d) failure on the part of the Company duly to observe or perform any
other of the covenants on the part of the Company in the Notes or in this
Indenture (other than a covenant a default in whose performance or whose breach
is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with) and the continuance of
such failure for a period of forty-five (45) days after the date on which
written notice of such failure, requiring the Company to remedy the same, shall
have been given to the Company by the Trustee, or to the Company and a
Responsible Officer of the Trustee by the holders of at least 25% in aggregate
principal amount of the outstanding Notes at the time outstanding determined in
accordance with Section 9.4; or

         (e) a default in the payment of the Repurchase Price in respect of any
Note on the repurchase date therefor in accordance with the provisions of
Article 16, whether or not such payment in cash of the Repurchase Price is
prohibited by the provisions of Article 4; or

         (f) failure on the part of the Company to provide a written notice of a
Repurchase Event in accordance with Section 16.2; or

         (g) failure on the part of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary to
make any payment at maturity, including any applicable grace period, in respect
of Indebtedness of, or guaranteed or assumed by, the Company or any Significant
Subsidiary, in a principal amount then outstanding in excess of U.S. $5,000,000,
and the continuance of such failure for a period of thirty (30) days after there
shall have been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the
Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the holders of not less than 25% in
aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding, a written notice
specifying such default and requiring the Company to cause such default to be
cured or waived and stating that such notice is a "Notice of Default" hereunder;
or

         (h) default on the part of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary
with respect to any Indebtedness of, or guaranteed or assumed by, the Company or
any Significant Subsidiary, which default results in the acceleration of
Indebtedness in a principal amount then outstanding in excess of U.S.
$5,000,000, and such Indebtedness shall not have been discharged or such
acceleration shall not have been rescinded or annulled for a period of thirty
(30) days after there shall have been given, by registered or certified mail, to
the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the holders of
not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding, a
written notice specifying such default and requiring the Company to cause such
Indebtedness to be discharged or cause such default to be cured or waived or
such


                                       31
<PAGE>

acceleration to be rescinded or annulled and stating that such notice is a
"Notice of Default" hereunder; or

         (i) the Company or any Significant Subsidiary shall commence a
voluntary case or other proceeding seeking liquidation, reorganization or other
relief with respect to itself or its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency or
other similar law now or hereafter in effect or seeking the appointment of a
trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official of it or any
substantial part of its property, or shall consent to any such relief or to the
appointment of or taking possession by any such official in an involuntary case
or other proceeding commenced against it, or shall make a general assignment for
the benefit of creditors, or shall fail generally to pay its debts as they
become due; or

         (j) an involuntary case or other proceeding shall be commenced against
the Company or any Significant Subsidiary seeking liquidation, reorganization or
other relief with respect to it or its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency or
other similar law now or hereafter in effect or seeking the appointment of a
trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official of it or any
substantial part of its property, and such involuntary case or other proceeding
shall remain undismissed and unstayed for a period of ninety (90) consecutive
days;

then, and in each and every such case (other than an Event of Default specified
in Section 7.1(i) or (j) with respect to the Company), unless the principal of
all of the Notes shall have already become due and payable, either the Trustee
or the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes
then outstanding hereunder determined in accordance with Section 9.4, by notice
in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Noteholders), may
declare the principal of and premium, if any, on all the Notes and the interest
accrued thereon to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration
the same shall become and shall be immediately due and payable, anything in this
Indenture or in the Notes contained to the contrary notwithstanding. If an Event
of Default specified in Section 7.1(i) or (j) occurs and is continuing with
respect to the Company, the principal of all the Notes and the interest accrued
thereon shall be immediately due and payable. This provision, however, is
subject to the conditions that if, at any time after the principal of the Notes
shall have been so declared due and payable, and before any judgment or decree
for the payment of the monies due shall have been obtained or entered as
hereinafter provided, the Company shall pay or shall deposit with the Trustee a
sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest upon all Notes and
the principal of and premium, if any, on any and all Notes which shall have
become due otherwise than by acceleration (with interest on overdue installments
of interest (to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under
applicable law) and on such principal and premium, if any, at the rate borne by
the Notes, to the date of such payment or deposit) and amounts due to the
Trustee pursuant to Section 8.6, and if any and all defaults under this
Indenture, other than the nonpayment of principal of and premium, if any, and
accrued interest on Notes which shall have become due by acceleration, shall
have been cured or waived pursuant to Section 7.7, then and in every such case
the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then
outstanding, by written notice to the Company and to the Trustee, may waive all
defaults or Events of Default and rescind and annul such declaration and its


                                       32
<PAGE>

consequences; but no such waiver or rescission and annulment shall extend to or
shall affect any subsequent default or Event of Default, or shall impair any
right consequent thereon. The Company shall notify the Responsible Officer of
the Trustee, promptly upon becoming aware thereof, of any default or Event of
Default and shall deliver to the Trustee a statement specifying such default or
Event of Default and the action the Company has taken, is taking or proposes to
take with respect thereto.

         In case the Trustee shall have proceeded to enforce any right under
this Indenture and such proceedings shall have been discontinued or abandoned
because of such waiver or rescission and annulment or for any other reason or
shall have been determined adversely to the Trustee, then and in every such case
the Company, the holders of Notes, and the Trustee shall be restored
respectively to their several positions and rights hereunder, and all rights,
remedies and powers of the Company, the holders of Notes, and the Trustee shall
continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

         Section 7.2. PAYMENTS OF NOTES ON DEFAULT; SUIT THEREFOR. The Company
covenants that (a) in case default shall be made in the payment by the Company
of any installment of interest upon any of the Notes as and when the same shall
become due and payable, and such default shall have continued for a period of
thirty (30) days, or (b) in case default shall be made in the payment of the
principal of or premium, if any, on any of the Notes as and when the same shall
have become due and payable, whether at maturity of the Notes or in connection
with any redemption or repurchase, by declaration under this Indenture or
otherwise, then, upon demand of the Trustee, the Company will pay to the
Trustee, for the benefit of the holders of the Notes, the whole amount that then
shall have become due and payable on all such Notes for principal and premium,
if any, or interest, or both, as the case may be, with interest upon the overdue
principal and premium, if any, and (to the extent that payment of such interest
is enforceable under applicable law) upon the overdue installments of interest
at the rate borne by the Notes; and, in addition thereto, such further amount as
shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including
reasonable compensation to the Trustee, its agents, attorneys and counsel, and
any expenses or liabilities incurred by the Trustee hereunder other than through
its negligence or bad faith. Until such demand by the Trustee, the Company may
pay the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on the Notes to the
registered holders, whether or not the Notes are overdue.

         In case the Company shall fail forthwith to pay such amounts upon such
demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, shall
be entitled and empowered to institute any actions or proceedings at law or in
equity for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute any
such action or proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce any such
judgment or final decree against the Company or any other obligor on the Notes
and collect in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or
any other obligor on the Notes wherever situated the monies adjudged or decreed
to be payable.

         In the case there shall be pending proceedings for the bankruptcy or
for the reorganization of the Company or any other obligor on the Notes under
Title 11 of the United


                                       33
<PAGE>

States Code, or any other applicable law, or in case a receiver, assignee or
trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization, liquidator, sequestrator or similar
official shall have been appointed for or taken possession of the Company or
such other obligor, the property of the Company or such other obligor, or in the
case of any other judicial proceedings relative to the Company or such other
obligor upon the Notes, or to the creditors or property of the Company or such
other obligor, the Trustee, irrespective of whether the principal of the Notes
shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or
otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand
pursuant to the provisions of this Section 7.2, shall be entitled and empowered,
by intervention in such proceedings or otherwise, to file and prove a claim or
claims for the whole amount of principal, premium, if any, and interest owing
and unpaid in respect of the Notes, and, in case of any judicial proceedings, to
file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents and to take such other
actions as it may deem necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the
Trustee and of the Noteholders allowed in such judicial proceedings relative to
the Company or any other obligor on the Notes, its or their creditors, or its or
their property, and to collect and receive any monies or other property payable
or deliverable on any such claims, and to distribute the same after the
deduction of any amounts due the Trustee under Section 8.6; and any receiver,
assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization, liquidator, custodian or
similar official is hereby authorized by each of the Noteholders to make such
payments to the Trustee, and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the
making of such payments directly to the Noteholders, to pay to the Trustee any
amount due it for reasonable compensation, expenses, advances and disbursements,
including agents and counsel fees incurred by it up to the date of such
distribution. To the extent that such payment of reasonable compensation,
expenses, advances and disbursements out of the estate in any such proceedings
shall be denied for any reason, payment of the same shall be secured by a lien
on, and shall be paid out of, any and all distributions, dividends, monies,
securities and other property which the holders of the Notes may be entitled to
receive in such proceedings, whether in liquidation or under any plan of
reorganization or arrangement or otherwise.

         All rights of action and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or
under any of the Notes, may be enforced by the Trustee without the possession of
any of the Notes, or the production thereof on any trial or other proceeding
relative thereto, and any such suit or proceeding instituted by the Trustee
shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any
recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable
compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents
and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the holders of the Notes.

         In any proceedings brought by the Trustee (and in any proceedings
involving the interpretation of any provision of this Indenture to which the
Trustee shall be a party) the Trustee shall be held to represent all the holders
of the Notes, and it shall not be necessary to make any holders of the Notes
parties to any such proceedings.

         Section 7.3. APPLICATION OF MONIES COLLECTED BY TRUSTEE. Any monies
collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article 7 shall be applied in the
order following, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee for the distribution
of such monies, upon presentation of the several Notes,


                                       34
<PAGE>

and stamping thereon the payment, if only partially paid, and upon surrender
thereof, if fully paid:

                  First:  To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under
         Section 8.6;

                  Second: Subject to the provisions of Article 4, in case the
         principal of the outstanding Notes shall not have become due and be
         unpaid, to the payment of interest on the Notes in default in the order
         of the maturity of the installments of such interest, with interest (to
         the extent that such interest has been collected by the Trustee) upon
         the overdue installments of interest at the rate borne by the Notes,
         such payments to be made ratably to the persons entitled thereto;

                  Third: Subject to the provisions of Article 4, in case the
         principal of the outstanding Notes shall have become due, by
         declaration or otherwise, and be unpaid, to the payment of the whole
         amount then owing and unpaid upon the Notes for principal and premium,
         if any, and interest, with interest on the overdue principal and
         premium, if any, and (to the extent that such interest has been
         collected by the Trustee) upon overdue installments of interest at the
         rate borne by the Notes; and in case such monies shall be insufficient
         to pay in full the whole amounts so due and unpaid upon the Notes, then
         to the payment of such principal and premium, if any, and interest
         without preference or priority of principal and premium, if any, over
         interest, or of interest over principal and premium, if any, or of any
         installment of interest over any other installment of interest, or of
         any Note over any other Note, ratably to the aggregate of such
         principal and premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest; and

                  Fourth:  Subject to the provisions of Article 4, to the
         payment of the remainder, if any, to the Company or any other person
         lawfully entitled thereto.

         Section 7.4. PROCEEDINGS BY NOTEHOLDER. No holder of any Note shall
have any right by virtue of or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to
institute any suit, action or proceeding in equity or at law upon or under or
with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver, trustee,
liquidator, custodian or other similar official, or for any other remedy
hereunder, unless such holder previously shall have given to the Trustee written
notice of an Event of Default and of the continuance thereof, as hereinbefore
provided, and unless also the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate
principal amount of the Notes then outstanding shall have made written request
upon the Trustee to institute such action, suit or proceeding in its own name as
Trustee hereunder and shall have offered to the Trustee such indemnity as may be
reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and
liabilities to be incurred therein or thereby, and the Trustee for sixty (60)
days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity, shall
have neglected or refused to institute any such action, suit or proceeding and
no direction inconsistent with such written request shall have been given to the
Trustee pursuant to Section 7.7; it being understood and intended, and being
expressly covenanted by the taker and holder of every Note with every other
taker and holder and the Trustee, that no one or more holders of Notes shall
have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of or by availing of


                                       35
<PAGE>

any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of
any other holder of Notes, or to obtain or seek to obtain priority over or
preference to any other such holder, or to enforce any right under this
Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal, ratable and
common benefit of all holders of Notes (except as otherwise provided herein).
For the protection and enforcement of this Section 7.4, each and every
Noteholder and the Trustee shall be entitled to such relief as can be given
either at law or in equity.

         Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture and any provision
of any Note, the right of any holder of any Note to receive payment of the
principal of and premium, if any, and interest on such Note, on or after the
respective due dates expressed in such Note, or to institute suit for the
enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates against the
Company shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such holder.

         Anything in this Indenture or the Notes to the contrary
notwithstanding, the holder of any Note, without the consent of either the
Trustee or the holder of any other Note, in his own behalf and for his own
benefit, may enforce, and may institute and maintain any proceeding suitable to
enforce, his rights of conversion as provided herein.

         Section 7.5. PROCEEDINGS BY TRUSTEE. In case of an Event of Default
the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce the rights
vested in it by this Indenture by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the
Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any of such rights,
either by suit in equity or by action at law or by proceeding in bankruptcy or
otherwise, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement
contained in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted in
this Indenture, or to enforce any other legal or equitable right vested in the
Trustee by this Indenture or by law.

         Section 7.6. REMEDIES CUMULATIVE AND CONTINUING. Except as provided in
the last paragraph of Section 2.6, all powers and remedies given by this Article
7 to the Trustee or to the Noteholders shall, to the extent permitted by law, be
deemed cumulative and not exclusive of any thereof or of any other powers and
remedies available to the Trustee or the holders of the Notes, by judicial
proceedings or otherwise, to enforce the performance or observance of the
covenants and agreements contained in this Indenture, and no delay or omission
of the Trustee or of any holder of any of the Notes to exercise any right or
power accruing upon any default or Event of Default occurring and continuing as
aforesaid shall impair any such right or power, or shall be construed to be a
waiver of any such default or any acquiescence therein; and, subject to the
provisions of Section 7.4, every power and remedy given by this Article 7 or by
law to the Trustee or to the Noteholders may be exercised from time to time, and
as often as shall be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Noteholders.

         Section 7.7. DIRECTION OF PROCEEDINGS AND WAIVER OF DEFAULTS BY
MAJORITY OF NOTEHOLDERS. The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount
of the Notes at the time outstanding determined in accordance with Section 9.4
shall have the right to direct the time, method, and place of conducting any
proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or
power conferred on the Trustee; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that (a) such direction


                                       36
<PAGE>

shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture, and (b)
the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not
inconsistent with such direction. The holders of a majority in aggregate
principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding determined in accordance
with Section 9.4 may on behalf of the holders of all of the Notes waive any past
default or Event of Default hereunder and its consequences except (i) a default
in the payment of interest or premium, if any, on, or the principal of, the
Notes when due, (ii) a failure by the Company to convert any Notes into Common
Stock or (iii) a default in respect of a covenant or provisions hereof which
under Article 11 cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the
holders of all Notes then outstanding. Upon any such waiver the Company, the
Trustee and the holders of the Notes shall be restored to their former positions
and rights hereunder; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other
default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon. Whenever any
default or Event of Default hereunder shall have been waived as permitted by
this Section 7.7, said default or Event of Default shall for all purposes of the
Notes and this Indenture be deemed to have been cured and to be not continuing;
but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or Event of
Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

         Section 7.8. NOTICE OF DEFAULTS. The Trustee shall, within ninety (90)
days after the occurrence of a default, mail to all Noteholders, as the names
and addresses of such holders appear upon the Note register, notice of all
defaults known to a Responsible Officer, unless such defaults shall have been
cured or waived before the giving of such notice; and provided that, except in
the case of default in the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or
interest on any of the Notes, including without limiting the generality of the
foregoing any default in the payment of any Repurchase Price or in the payment
of any amount due in connection with any redemption of Notes, then in any such
event the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long
as a trust committee of directors and/or Responsible Officers of the Trustee in
good faith determine that the withholding of such notice is in the interests of
the Noteholders.

         Section 7.9. UNDERTAKING TO PAY COSTS. All parties to this Indenture
agree, and each holder of any Note by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to
have agreed, that any court may, in its discretion, require, in any suit for the
enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against
the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any
party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit and
that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including
reasonable attorneys' fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due
regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party
litigant; PROVIDED that the provisions of this Section 7.9 shall not apply to
any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Noteholder, or
group of Noteholders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount
of the Notes at the time outstanding determined in accordance with Section 9.4,
or to any suit instituted by any Noteholder for the enforcement of the payment
of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any Note (including, but
not limited to, the redemption price or repurchase price with respect to the
Notes being redeemed or repurchased as provided in this Indenture) on or after
the due date expressed in such Note or to any suit for the enforcement of the
right to convert any Note in accordance with the provisions of Article 15.


                                       37
<PAGE>

         Section 7.10. DELAY OR OMISSION NOT WAIVER. No delay or omission of
the Trustee or of any holder of any Note to exercise any right or remedy
accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or
constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or any acquiescence therein.
Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the
holders of Notes may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be
deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the holders of Notes, as the case may be.

                                   ARTICLE 8.

                             CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE

         Section 8.1. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF TRUSTEE. The Trustee, prior
to the occurrence of an Event of Default and after the curing or waiver of all
Events of Default which may have occurred, undertakes to perform such duties and
only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture. In case an
Event of Default has occurred (which has not been cured or waived) the Trustee
shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and
use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent person
would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person's
own affairs.

         No provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the
Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure
to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:

                  (a) prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default and after
         the curing or waiving of all Events of Default which may have occurred:

                           (1) the duties and obligations of the Trustee shall
                  be determined solely by the express provisions of this
                  Indenture and, after it has been qualified thereunder, the
                  Trust Indenture Act, and the Trustee shall not be liable
                  except for the performance of such duties and obligations as
                  are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no implied
                  covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture and
                  the Trust Indenture Act against the Trustee; and

                           (2) in the absence of bad faith and willful
                  misconduct on the part of the Trustee, the Trustee may
                  conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the
                  correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon any
                  certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and
                  conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but, in the
                  case of any such certificates or opinions which by any
                  provisions hereof are specifically required to be furnished to
                  the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the
                  same to determine whether or not they conform to the
                  requirements of this Indenture;


                                       38
<PAGE>

                  (b) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment
         made in good faith by a Responsible Officer or Officers of the Trustee,
         unless it shall be provided that the Trustee was negligent in
         ascertaining the pertinent facts;

                  (c) the Trustee shall not be liable to any Noteholder with
         respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith
         in accordance with the direction of the holders of not less than a
         majority in principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding
         determined as provided in Section 9.4 relating to the time, method and
         place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the
         Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee,
         under this Indenture; and

                  (d) whether or not therein provided, every provision of this
         Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of, or
         affording protection to, the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions
         of this Section.

                  None of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall
require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur personal
financial liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise
of any of its rights or powers, if there is reasonable ground for believing that
the repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability
is not reasonably assured to it.

         Section 8.2. RELIANCE ON DOCUMENTS, OPINIONS, ETC. Except as otherwise
provided in Section 8.1:

         (a) the Trustee may rely and shall be protected in acting upon any
resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice,
request, consent, order, bond, note, coupon or other paper or document believed
by it in good faith to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the
proper party or parties;

         (b) any request, direction, order or demand of the Company mentioned
herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by an Officers' Certificate (unless other
evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed); and any
resolution of the Board of Directors may be evidenced to the Trustee by a copy
thereof certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company;

         (c) the Trustee may consult with counsel and any advice of such counsel
or Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in
respect of any action taken or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in
accordance with such advice or Opinion of Counsel;

         (d) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the
rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or
direction of any of the Noteholders pursuant to the provisions of this
Indenture, unless such Noteholders shall have offered to the Trustee


                                       39
<PAGE>

reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities
which may be incurred therein or thereby;

         (e) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the
facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument,
opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture or
other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such
further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit,
and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or
investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises
of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that if
the payment within a reasonable time to the Trustee of the costs, expenses or
liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation is,
in the opinion of the Trustee, not reasonably assured to the Trustee by the
security afforded to it by the terms of this Indenture, the Trustee may require
indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee from the Noteholders against
such expenses or liability as a condition to so proceeding; the reasonable
expenses of every such examination shall be paid by the Company or, if paid by
the Trustee or any predecessor Trustee, shall be repaid by the Company upon
demand; and

         (f) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or
perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or
attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or
negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed by it with due care
hereunder.

In no event shall the Trustee be liable for any consequential loss or damage of
any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the
Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless
of the form of action other than through the Trustee's willful misconduct or
gross negligence.

         Section 8.3. NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR RECITALS, ETC. The recitals
contained herein and in the Notes (except in the Trustee's certificate of
authentication) shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and the Trustee
assumes no responsibility for the correctness of the same. The Trustee makes no
representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the
Notes. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by the
Company of any Notes or the proceeds of any Notes authenticated and delivered by
the Trustee in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture.

         Section 8.4. TRUSTEE, PAYING AGENTS, CONVERSION AGENTS OR REGISTRAR MAY
OWN NOTES. The Trustee, any paying agent, any conversion agent or Note
registrar, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or
pledgee of Notes with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee,
paying agent, conversion agent or Note registrar.

         Section 8.5. MONIES TO BE HELD IN TRUST. Subject to the provisions of
Section 13.4, all monies received by the Trustee shall, until used or applied as
herein provided, be held in trust for the purposes for which they were received.
Money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other
funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be


                                       40
<PAGE>

under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as
may be agreed from time to time by the Company and the Trustee.

         Section 8.6. COMPENSATION AND EXPENSES OF TRUSTEE. The Company
covenants and agrees to pay to the Trustee from time to time, and the Trustee
shall be entitled to, reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it
hereunder in any capacity (which shall not be limited by any provision of law in
regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust), and the Company
will pay or reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses,
disbursements and advances reasonably incurred or made by the Trustee in
accordance with any of the provisions of this Indenture (including the
reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its agents and
counsel and of all persons not regularly in its employ) except any such expense,
disbursement or advance as may arise from its negligence, willful misconduct or
bad faith. The Company also covenants to indemnify the Trustee in any capacity
under this Indenture and its agents and any authenticating agent for, and to
hold them harmless against, any loss, liability or expense incurred without
negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith on the part of the Trustee or such
agent or authenticating agent, as the case may be, and arising out of or in
connection with the acceptance or administration of this trust or in any other
capacity hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending themselves
against any claim of liability in the premises. The obligations of the Company
under this Section 8.6 to compensate or indemnify the Trustee and to pay or
reimburse the Trustee for expenses, disbursements and advances shall be secured
by a lien prior to that of the Notes upon all property and funds held or
collected by the Trustee as such, except, subject to the effect of Sections 4.3
and 7.6, funds held in trust herewith for the benefit of the holders of
particular Notes prior to the date of the accrual of such unpaid compensation or
indemnifiable claim. The obligation of the Company under this Section shall
survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture. The indemnification
provided in this Section 8.6 shall extend to the officers, directors, agents and
employees of the Trustee.

         When the Trustee and its agents and any authenticating agent incur
expenses or render services after an Event of Default specified in Section
7.1(i) or (j) occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services are
intended to constitute expenses of administration under any bankruptcy,
insolvency or similar laws.

         Section 8.7. OFFICERS' CERTIFICATE AS EVIDENCE. Except as otherwise
provided in Section 8.1, whenever in the administration of the provisions of
this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it necessary or desirable that a matter be
proved or established prior to taking or omitting any action hereunder, such
matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically
prescribed) may, in the absence of negligence, willful misconduct, recklessness
and bad faith on the part of the Trustee, be deemed to be conclusively proved
and established by an Officers' Certificate delivered to the Trustee, and such
Officers' Certificate, in the absence of negligence, willful misconduct,
recklessness and bad faith on the part of the Trustee, shall be full warrant to
the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it under the provisions of this
Indenture upon the faith thereof.


                                       41
<PAGE>

         Section 8.8. CONFLICTING INTERESTS OF TRUSTEE. If the Trustee has or
shall acquire a conflicting interest within the meaning of the Trust Indenture
Act, the Trustee shall either eliminate such interest or resign, to the extent
and in the manner provided by, and subject to the provisions of, the Trust
Indenture Act and this Indenture.

         Section 8.9. ELIGIBILITY OF TRUSTEE. There shall at all times be a
Trustee hereunder which shall be a person that is eligible pursuant to the Trust
Indenture Act to act as such and has a combined capital and surplus (together
with its corporate parent) of at least $50,000,000. If such person publishes
reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements
of any supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this
Section, the combined capital and surplus of such person shall be deemed to be
its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of
condition so published. If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in
accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in
the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article.

         Section 8.10. RESIGNATION OR REMOVAL OF TRUSTEE.

         (a) The Trustee may at any time resign by giving written notice of such
resignation to the Company and by mailing notice thereof to the holders of Notes
at their addresses as they shall appear on the Note register. Upon receiving
such notice of resignation, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor
trustee by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order of the Board of
Directors, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the resigning
Trustee and one copy to the successor trustee. If no successor trustee shall
have been so appointed and have accepted appointment sixty (60) days after the
mailing of such notice of resignation to the Noteholders, the resigning Trustee
may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a
successor trustee, or any Noteholder who has been a bona fide holder of a Note
or Notes for at least six months may, subject to the provisions of Section 7.9,
on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any such court
for the appointment of a successor trustee. Such court may thereupon, after such
notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, appoint a successor
trustee.

         (b) In case at any time any of the following shall occur:

                                    (1) the Trustee shall fail to comply with
                  Section 8.8 within a reasonable time after written request
                  therefor by the Company or by any Noteholder who has been a
                  bona fide holder of a Note or Notes for at least six months,
                  or

                                    (2) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible
                  in accordance with the provisions of Section 8.9 and shall
                  fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company
                  or by any such Noteholder, or

                                    (3) the Trustee shall become incapable of
                  acting, or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent, or a
                  receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed,
                  or any public officer shall take charge or control of the
                  Trustee


                                       42
<PAGE>

                  or of its property or affairs for the purpose of
                  rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation,

         then, in any such case, the Company may by a Board resolution remove
         the Trustee and appoint a successor trustee by written instrument, in
         duplicate, executed by order of the Board of Directors, one copy of
         which instrument shall be delivered to the Trustee so removed and one
         copy to the successor trustee, or, subject to the provisions of Section
         7.9, any Noteholder who has been a bona fide holder of a Note or Notes
         for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others
         similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for
         the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor trustee.
         Such court may thereupon, after such notice, if any, as it may deem
         proper and prescribe, remove the Trustee and appoint a successor
         trustee.

         (c) The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
Notes at the time outstanding may at any time remove the Trustee and nominate a
successor trustee which shall be deemed appointed as successor trustee unless
within ten (10) days after notice to the Company of such nomination the Company
objects thereto, in which case the Trustee so removed or any Noteholder, upon
the terms and conditions and otherwise as in Section 8.10(a) provided, may
petition any court of competent jurisdiction for an appointment of a successor
trustee.

         (d) Any resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a
successor trustee pursuant to any of the provisions of this Section 8.10 shall
become effective upon acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee as
provided in Section 8.11.

         Section 8.11. ACCEPTANCE BY SUCCESSOR TRUSTEE. Any successor trustee
appointed as provided in Section 8.10 shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to
the Company and to its predecessor trustee an instrument accepting such
appointment hereunder, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the
predecessor trustee shall become effective and such successor trustee, without
any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights,
powers, duties and obligations of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as
if originally named as trustee herein; but, nevertheless, on the written request
of the Company or of the successor trustee, the trustee ceasing to act shall,
upon payment of any amounts then due it pursuant to the provisions of Section
8.6, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor trustee
all the rights and powers of the trustee so ceasing to act. Upon request of any
such successor trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments in
writing for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor
trustee all such rights and powers. Any trustee ceasing to act shall,
nevertheless, retain a lien upon all property and funds held or collected by
such trustee as such, except for funds held in trust for the benefit of holders
of particular Notes, to secure any amounts then due it pursuant to the
provisions of Section 8.6.

         No successor trustee shall accept appointment as provided in this
Section 8.11 unless at the time of such acceptance such successor trustee shall
be qualified under the provisions of Section 8.8 and be eligible under the
provisions of Section 8.9.


                                       43
<PAGE>

         Upon acceptance of appointment by a successor trustee as provided in
this Section 8.11, each of the Company and the former trustee shall mail or
cause to be mailed notice of the succession of such trustee hereunder to the
holders of Notes at their addresses as they shall appear on the Note register.
If the Company fails to mail such notice within ten (10) days after acceptance
of appointment by the successor trustee, the successor trustee shall cause such
notice to be mailed at the expense of the Company.

         Section 8.12. SUCCESSION BY MERGER, ETC. Any corporation or other
entity into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be
consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or
consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation or other
entity succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of
the Trustee, shall be the successor to the Trustee hereunder without the
execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the
parties hereto, provided that in the case of any corporation succeeding to all
or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Trustee such
corporation shall be qualified under the provisions of Section 8.8 and eligible
under the provisions of Section 8.9.

         In case at the time such successor to the Trustee shall succeed to the
trusts created by this Indenture, any of the Notes shall have been authenticated
but not delivered, any such successor to the Trustee may adopt the certificate
of authentication of any predecessor trustee or authenticating agent appointed
by such predecessor trustee, and deliver such Notes so authenticated; and in
case at that time any of the Notes shall not have been authenticated, any
successor to the Trustee or an authenticating agent appointed by such successor
trustee may authenticate such Notes either in the name of any predecessor
trustee hereunder or in the name of the successor trustee; and in all such cases
such certificates shall have the full force which it is anywhere in the Notes or
in this Indenture provided that the certificate of the Trustee shall have;
PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the right to adopt the certificate of authentication of
any predecessor Trustee or to authenticate Notes in the name of any predecessor
Trustee shall apply only to its successor or successors by merger, conversion or
consolidation.

         Section 8.13. LIMITATION ON RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE AS CREDITOR. If and when
the Trustee shall be or become a creditor of the Company (or any other obligor
upon the Notes), the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of the Trust
Indenture Act regarding the collection of the claims against the Company (or any
such other obligor).


                                       44
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE 9.

                           CONCERNING THE NOTEHOLDERS

         Section 9.1. ACTION BY NOTEHOLDERS. Whenever in this Indenture it is
provided that the holders of a specified percentage in aggregate principal
amount of the Notes may take any action (including the making of any demand or
request, the giving of any notice, consent or waiver or the taking of any other
action), the fact that at the time of taking any such action, the holders of
such specified percentage have joined therein may be evidenced (a) by any
instrument or any number of instruments of similar tenor executed by Noteholders
in person or by agent or proxy appointed in writing, or (b) by the record of the
holders of Notes voting in favor thereof at any meeting of Noteholders duly
called and held in accordance with the provisions of Article X, or (c) by a
combination of such instrument or instruments and any such record of such a
meeting of Noteholders. Whenever the Company or the Trustee solicits the taking
of any action by the holders of the Notes, the Company or the Trustee may fix in
advance of such solicitation, a date as the record date for determining holders
entitled to take such action. The record date shall be not more than fifteen
(15) days prior to the date of commencement of solicitation of such action.

         Section 9.2. PROOF OF EXECUTION BY NOTEHOLDERS. Subject to the
provisions of Sections 8.1, 8.2 and 10.5, proof of the execution of any
instrument by a Noteholder or his agent or proxy shall be sufficient if made in
accordance with such reasonable rules and regulations as may be prescribed by
the Trustee or in such manner as shall be satisfactory to the Trustee. The
holding of Notes shall be proved by the Note register or by a certificate of the
Note registrar. The record of any Noteholders' meeting shall be proved in the
manner provided in Section 10.6.

         Section 9.3. WHO ARE DEEMED ABSOLUTE OWNERS. The Company, the Trustee,
any authenticating agent, any paying agent, any conversion agent and any Note
registrar may deem the person in whose name such Note shall be registered upon
the Note register to be, and may treat him as, the absolute owner of such Note
(whether or not such Note shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notation of
ownership or other writing thereon) for the purpose of receiving payment of or
on account of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on such Note, for
conversion of such Note and for all other purposes; and neither the Company nor
the Trustee nor any paying agent nor any conversion agent nor any Note registrar
shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. All such payments so made to
any holder for the time being, or upon his order, shall be valid, and, to the
extent of the sum or sums so paid, effectual to satisfy and discharge the
liability for monies payable upon any such Note.

         Section 9.4. COMPANY-OWNED NOTES DISREGARDED. In determining whether
the holders of the requisite aggregate principal amount of Notes have concurred
in any direction, consent, waiver or other action under this Indenture, Notes
which are owned by the Company or any other obligor on the Notes or by any
person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or
indirect common control with the Company or any other obligor on the Notes shall
be disregarded and deemed not to be outstanding for the purpose of any such
determination;


                                       45
<PAGE>

PROVIDED that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be
protected in relying on any such direction, consent, waiver or other action only
Notes which a Responsible Officer knows are so owned shall be so disregarded.
Notes so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as
outstanding for the purposes of this Section 9.4 if the pledgee shall establish
to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee's right to vote such Notes and
that the pledgee is not the Company, any other obligor on the Notes or a person
directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect
common control with the Company or any such other obligor. In the case of a
dispute as to such right, any decision by the Trustee taken upon the advice of
counsel shall be full protection to the Trustee. Upon request of the Trustee,
the Company shall furnish to the Trustee promptly an Officers' Certificate
listing and identifying all Notes, if any, known by the Company to be owned or
held by or for the account of any of the above described persons; and, subject
to Section 8.1, the Trustee shall be entitled to accept such Officers'
Certificate as conclusive evidence of the facts therein set forth and of the
fact that all Notes not listed therein are outstanding for the purpose of any
such determination.

         Section 9.5. REVOCATION OF CONSENTS; FUTURE HOLDERS BOUND. At any time
prior to (but not after) the evidencing to the Trustee, as provided in Section
9.1, of the taking of any action by the holders of the percentage in aggregate
principal amount of the Notes specified in this Indenture in connection with
such action, any holder of a Note which is shown by the evidence to be included
in the Notes the holders of which have consented to such action may, by filing
written notice with the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office and upon proof of
holding as provided in Section 9.2, revoke such action so far as concerns such
Note. Except as aforesaid, any such action taken by the holder of any Note shall
be conclusive and binding upon such holder and upon all future holders and
owners of such Note and of any Notes issued in exchange or substitution
therefor, irrespective of whether any notation in regard thereto is made upon
such Note or any Note issued in exchange or substitution therefor.

                                   ARTICLE 10.

                              NOTEHOLDERS' MEETINGS

         Section 10.1. PURPOSE OF MEETINGS. A meeting of Noteholders may be
called at any time and from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this
Article 10 for any of the following purposes:

                  (a) to give any notice to the Company or to the Trustee or to
         give any directions to the Trustee permitted under this Indenture, or
         to consent to the waiving of any default or Event of Default hereunder
         and its consequences, or to take any other action authorized to be
         taken by Noteholders pursuant to any of the provisions of Article 7;

                  (b) to remove the Trustee and nominate a successor trustee
         pursuant to the provisions of Article 8;


                                       46
<PAGE>

                  (c) to consent to the execution of an indenture or indentures
         supplemental hereto pursuant to the provisions of Section 11.2;

                  (d) to take any other action authorized to be taken by or on
         behalf of the holders of any specified aggregate principal amount of
         the Notes under any other provision of this Indenture or under
         applicable law; or

                  (e) to take any other action authorized by this Indenture or
         under applicable law.

         Section 10.2. CALL OF MEETINGS BY TRUSTEE. The Trustee may at any time
call a meeting of Noteholders to take any action specified in Section 10.1, to
be held at such time and at such place in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of
New York, as the Trustee shall determine. Notice of every meeting of the
Noteholders, setting forth the time and the place of such meeting and in general
terms the action proposed to be taken at such meeting and the establishment of
any record date pursuant to Section 9.1, shall be mailed to holders of Notes at
their addresses as they shall appear on the Note register. Such notice shall
also be mailed to the Company. Such notices shall be mailed not less than twenty
(20) nor more than ninety (90) days prior to the date fixed for the meeting.

         Any meeting of Noteholders shall be valid without notice if the holders
of all Notes then outstanding are present in person or by proxy or if notice is
waived before or after the meeting by the holders of all Notes outstanding, and
if the Company and the Trustee are either present by duly authorized
representatives or have, before or after the meeting, waived notice.

         Section 10.3. QUORUM. The persons entitled to vote a majority in
principal amount of the outstanding Notes shall constitute a quorum. In the
absence of a quorum within 30 minutes of the time appointed for any such
meeting, the meeting shall, if convened at the request of Noteholders of Notes,
be dissolved. In any other case, the meeting may be adjourned for a period of
not less than 10 days as determined by the chairman of the meeting prior to the
adjournment of such meeting. In the absence of a quorum at any such adjourned
meeting, such adjourned meeting may be further adjourned for a period not less
than 10 days as determined by the chairman of the meeting prior to the
adjournment of such adjourned meeting (subject to repeated applications of this
sentence). Notice of the reconvening of any adjourned meeting shall be given as
provided in Section 10.2 except that such notice need be given only once not
less than five days prior to the date on which the meeting is scheduled to be
reconvened. Notice of the reconvening of an adjourned meeting shall state
expressly the percentage of the principal amount of the outstanding Notes which
shall constitute a quorum.

                  Subject to the foregoing, at the reconvening of any meeting
adjourned for a lack of a quorum, the Persons entitled to vote 25% in principal
amount of the outstanding Notes at the time shall constitute a quorum for the
taking of any action set forth in the notice of the original meeting.


                                       47
<PAGE>

                  At a meeting or an adjourned meeting duly reconvened and at
which a quorum is present as aforesaid, any resolution and all matters (except
as limited by the proviso to Section 11.2 and except to the extent Section 7.7
requires a different vote) shall be effectively passed and decided if passed or
decided by the lesser of (i) the holders of not less than a majority in
principal amount of outstanding Notes and (ii) the persons entitled to vote not
less than 66-2/3% in principal amount of outstanding Notes represented and
entitled to vote at such meeting.

                  Any resolution passed or decisions taken at any meeting of
holders of Notes duly held in accordance with this Section shall be binding on
all the holders of Notes whether or not present or represented at the meeting.
The Trustee shall, in the name and at the expense of the Company, notify all the
holders of Notes of any such resolutions or decisions.

         Section 10.4. CALL OF MEETINGS BY COMPANY OR NOTEHOLDERS. In case at
any time the Company, pursuant to a resolution of its Board of Directors, or the
holders of at least 10% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then
outstanding, shall have requested the Trustee to call a meeting of Noteholders,
by written request setting forth in reasonable detail the action proposed to be
taken at the meeting, and the Trustee shall not have mailed the notice of such
meeting within twenty (20) days after receipt of such request, then the Company
or such Noteholders may determine the time and the place for such meeting and
may call such meeting to take any action authorized in Section 10.1, by mailing
notice thereof as provided in Section 10.2.

         Section 10.5. QUALIFICATIONS FOR VOTING. To be entitled to vote at any
meeting of Noteholders a person shall (a) be a holder of one or more Notes on
the record date pertaining to such meeting or (b) be a person appointed by an
instrument in writing as proxy by a holder of one or more Notes. The only
persons who shall be entitled to be present or to speak at any meeting of
Noteholders shall be the persons entitled to vote at such meeting and their
counsel and any representatives of the Trustee and its counsel and any
representatives of the Company and its counsel.

         Section 10.6. REGULATIONS. Notwithstanding any other provisions of
this Indenture, the Trustee may make such reasonable regulations as it may deem
advisable for any meeting of Noteholders, in regard to proof of the holding of
Notes and of the appointment of proxies, and in regard to the appointment and
duties of inspectors of votes, the submission and examination of proxies,
certificates and other evidence of the right to vote, and such other matters
concerning the conduct of the meeting as it shall think fit.

         The Trustee shall, by an instrument in writing, appoint a temporary
chairman of the meeting, unless the meeting shall have been called by the
Company or by Noteholders as provided in Section 10.3, in which case the Company
or the Noteholders calling the meeting, as the case may be, shall in like manner
appoint a temporary chairman. A permanent chairman and a permanent secretary of
the meeting shall be elected by vote of the holders of a majority in principal
amount of the Notes represented at the meeting and entitled to vote at the
meeting.


                                       48
<PAGE>

         Subject to the provisions of Section 9.4, at any meeting each
Noteholder or proxyholder shall be entitled to one vote for each $1,000
principal amount of Notes held or represented by him; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no
vote shall be cast or counted at any meeting in respect of any Note challenged
as not outstanding and ruled by the chairman of the meeting to be not
outstanding. The chairman of the meeting shall have no right to vote other than
by virtue of Notes held by him or instruments in writing as aforesaid duly
designating him as the proxy to vote on behalf of other Noteholders. Any meeting
of Noteholders duly called pursuant to the provisions of Section 10.2 or 10.3
may be adjourned from time to time by the holders of a majority of the aggregate
principal amount of Notes represented at the meeting, whether or not
constituting a quorum, and the meeting may be held as so adjourned without
further notice.

         Section 10.7. VOTING. The vote upon any resolution submitted to any
meeting of Noteholders shall be by written ballot on which shall be subscribed
the signatures of the holders of Notes or of their representatives by proxy and
the principal amount of the Notes held or represented by them. The permanent
chairman of the meeting shall appoint two inspectors of votes who shall count
all votes cast at the meeting for or against any resolution and who shall make
and file with the secretary of the meeting their verified written reports in
duplicate of all votes cast at the meeting. A record in duplicate of the
proceedings of each meeting of Noteholders shall be prepared by the secretary of
the meeting and there shall be attached to said record the original reports of
the inspectors of votes on any vote by ballot taken thereat and affidavits by
one or more persons having knowledge of the facts setting forth a copy of the
notice of the meeting and showing that said notice was mailed as provided in
Section 10.2. The record shall show the principal amount of the Notes voting in
favor of or against any resolution. The record shall be signed and verified by
the affidavits of the permanent chairman and secretary of the meeting and one of
the duplicates shall be delivered to the Company and the other to the Trustee to
be preserved by the Trustee, the latter to have attached thereto the ballots
voted at the meeting.

         Any record so signed and verified shall be conclusive evidence of the
matters therein stated.

         Section 10.8. NO DELAY OF RIGHTS BY MEETING. Nothing in this Article
10 contained shall be deemed or construed to authorize or permit, by reason of
any call of a meeting of Noteholders or any rights expressly or impliedly
conferred hereunder to make such call, any hindrance or delay in the exercise of
any right or rights conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the
Noteholders under any of the provisions of this Indenture or of the Notes.


                                       49
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE 11.

                             SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

         Section 11.1. SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITHOUT CONSENT OF NOTEHOLDERS.
The Company, when authorized by the resolutions of the Board of Directors, and
the Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or
indentures supplemental hereto for one or more of the following purposes:

         (a)      to make provision with respect to the conversion rights of the
holders of Notes pursuant to the requirements of Section 15.6;

         (b) subject to Article 4, to convey, transfer, assign, mortgage or
pledge to the Trustee as security for the Notes, any property or assets;

         (c) to evidence the succession of another corporation to the Company,
or successive successions, and the assumption by the successor corporation of
the covenants, agreements and obligations of the Company pursuant to Article 12;

         (d) to add to the covenants of the Company such further covenants,
restrictions or conditions for the benefit of the holders of Notes, and to make
the occurrence, or the occurrence and continuance, of a default in any such
additional covenants, restrictions or conditions a default or an Event of
Default permitting the enforcement of all or any of the several remedies
provided in this Indenture as herein set forth; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in
respect of any such additional covenant, restriction or condition such
supplemental indenture may provide for a particular period of grace after
default (which period may be shorter or longer than that allowed in the case of
other defaults) or may provide for an immediate enforcement upon such default or
may limit the remedies available to the Trustee upon such default;

         (e) to provide for the issuance under this Indenture of Notes in coupon
form (including Notes registrable as to principal only) and to provide for
exchangeability of such Notes with the Notes issued hereunder in fully
registered form and to make all appropriate changes for such purpose;

         (f) to cure any ambiguity or to correct or supplement any provision
contained herein or in any supplemental indenture which may be defective or
inconsistent with any other provision contained herein or in any supplemental
indenture, or to make such other provisions in regard to matters or questions
arising under this Indenture which shall not materially adversely affect the
interests of the holders of the Notes;

         (g) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder
by a successor Trustee with respect to the Notes; or


                                       50
<PAGE>

         (h) to modify, eliminate or add to the provisions of this Indenture to
such extent as shall be necessary to effect the qualifications of this Indenture
under the Trust Indenture Act, or under any similar federal statute hereafter
enacted.

          The Trustee is hereby authorized to join with the Company in the
execution of any such supplemental indenture, to make any further appropriate
agreements and stipulations which may be therein contained and to accept the
conveyance, transfer and assignment of any property thereunder, but the Trustee
shall not be obligated to, but may in its discretion, enter into any
supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee's own rights, duties or
immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

         Any supplemental indenture authorized by the provisions of this Section
11.1 may be executed by the Company and the Trustee without the consent of the
holders of any of the Notes at the time outstanding, notwithstanding any of the
provisions of Section 11.2.

         Section 11.2. SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITH CONSENT OF NOTEHOLDERS.
With the consent (evidenced as provided in Article 9) of the holders of not less
than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time
outstanding (determined in accordance with Section 9.4), the Company, when
authorized by the resolutions of the Board of Directors, and the Trustee may
from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures
supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in
any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or any
supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the holders
of the Notes; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no such supplemental indenture shall,
without the consent of the holders of all Notes then outstanding:

         (a)      extend the fixed maturity of any Note, or

         (b)      reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest on
any Note, or

         (c)      reduce the principal amount thereof or premium, if any, on any
Note, or

         (d)      reduce any amount payable on redemption or repurchase of any
Note, or

         (e) impair, or change in any respect adverse to the holder of Notes,
the obligation of the Company to repurchase any Note at the option of the holder
upon the happening of a Repurchase Event, or

         (f) impair or adversely affect the right of any Noteholder to institute
suit for the payment of his Note, or

         (g)      change the place where, or currency in which, the Notes are
payable, or

         (h) impair or change in any respect adverse to the Noteholders the
right to convert the Notes into Common Stock subject to the terms set forth
herein, including Section 15.6, or


                                       51
<PAGE>

         (i) modify the provisions of this Indenture with respect to the
subordination of the Notes in a manner adverse to the Noteholders, without the
consent of the holder of each Note so affected,

         (j) reduce the requirements of Section 10.3 for quorum or voting or the
percentage in principal amount of the outstanding Notes of any series, the
consent of whose holders is required for any such supplemental indenture, or the
consent of whose holder is required for any waiver with respect to such series
(or compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or certain defaults
hereunder and their consequences) provided for in this Indenture, or

         (k) modify any of the provisions of this Section or Section 7.7, except
to increase the required percentage to effect such action or to provide that
certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without
the consent of the holder of each outstanding Note affected thereby.

         Upon the request of the Company, accompanied by a copy of the
resolutions of the Board of Directors certified by its Secretary or Assistant
Secretary authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and upon
the filing with the Trustee of evidence of the consent of Noteholders as
aforesaid, the Trustee shall join with the Company in the execution of such
supplemental indenture unless such supplemental indenture affects the Trustee's
own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which
case the Trustee may in is discretion, but shall not be obligated to, enter into
such supplemental indenture.

         It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Noteholders under this
Section 11.2 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental
indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the
substance thereof.

         Section 11.3. EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES. Any supplemental
indenture executed pursuant to the provisions of this Article 11 shall comply
with the Trust Indenture Act, as then in effect. Upon the execution of any
supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article 11, this
Indenture shall be and be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance
therewith and the respective rights, limitation of rights, obligations, duties
and immunities under this Indenture of the Trustee, the Company and the holders
of Notes shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder
subject in all respects to such modifications and amendments and all the terms
and conditions of any such supplemental indenture shall be and be deemed to be
part of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes.

         Section 11.4. NOTATION ON NOTES. Notes authenticated and delivered
after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of
this Article 11 may bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any
matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company or the
Trustee shall so determine, new Notes so modified as to conform, in the opinion
of the Trustee and the Board of Directors, to any modification of this Indenture
contained in any such supplemental indenture may, at the Company's expense, be
prepared and


                                       52
<PAGE>

executed by the Company, authenticated by the Trustee (or an authenticating
agent duly appointed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 17.11) and delivered in
exchange for the Notes then outstanding, upon surrender of such Notes then
outstanding.

         Section 11.5. EVIDENCE OF COMPLIANCE OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE TO BE
FURNISHED TRUSTEE. The Trustee, subject to the provisions of Sections 8.1 and
8.2, may receive an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel as
conclusive evidence that any supplemental indenture executed pursuant hereto
complies with the requirements of this Article 11.

                                   ARTICLE 12.

                CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, SALE, CONVEYANCE AND LEASE

         Section 12.1. COMPANY MAY CONSOLIDATE, ETC. ON CERTAIN TERMS. The
Company shall not, directly or indirectly, consolidate with or merge with or
into any other Person or sell, lease, convey or transfer all its properties and
assets substantially as an entirety, whether in a single transaction or a series
of related transactions, to any Person or group of affiliated Persons unless:

                  (a) either (i) in the case of a merger or consolidation that
does not involve a transfer of all or substantially all of the Company's
properties and assets, the Company is the surviving entity or (ii) in case the
Company shall consolidate with or merge into another Person or sell, lease,
convey or transfer all its properties and assets substantially as an entirety,
whether in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, to any
Person, the Person formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is
merged, or the Person which acquires by sale, conveyance or transfer, or which
leases the properties and assets of the Company substantially as an entirety,
shall be a corporation, limited liability company, partnership or trust, shall
be organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States of
America, any state thereof or the District of Columbia and shall expressly
assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the
Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, the due and punctual payment of
the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on all of the Notes as
applicable, and the performance or observance of every covenant of this
Indenture on the part of the Company to be performed or observed and shall have
provided for the applicable conversion rights set forth in Section 15.6 and the
repurchase rights set forth in Article 15,

                  (b) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no
Event of Default, and no event that after notice or lapse of time or both, would
become an Event of Default, shall have happened and be continuing; and

                  (c) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers
Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation,
merger, conveyance, transfer or lease and, if a supplemental indenture is
required in connection with such transaction, such supplemental indenture comply
with this Article and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating
to such transaction have been complied with, together with any documents
required under Article 9.


                                       53
<PAGE>

         Section 12.2. SUCCESSOR CORPORATION TO BE SUBSTITUTED. In case of any
such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance or lease in accordance with Section
12.1, and, where required in accordance with Section 12.1(a) upon the assumption
by the successor corporation, by supplemental indenture, executed and delivered
to the Trustee and satisfactory in form to the Trustee, of the due and punctual
payment of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on all of the
Notes and the due and punctual performance of all of the covenants and
conditions of this Indenture to be performed by the Company, such successor
corporation shall succeed to and be substituted for the Company, with the same
effect as if it had been named herein as the party of the first part. Such
successor corporation thereupon may cause to be signed, and may issue either in
its own name or in the name of the Company any or all of the Notes issuable
hereunder which theretofore shall not have been signed by the Company and
delivered to the Trustee; and, upon the order of such successor corporation
instead of the Company and subject to all the terms, conditions and limitations
in this Indenture prescribed, the Trustee shall authenticate and shall deliver,
or cause to be authenticated and delivered, any Notes which previously shall
have been signed and delivered by the officers of the Company to the Trustee for
authentication, and any Notes which such successor corporation thereafter shall
cause to be signed and delivered to the Trustee for that purpose. All the Notes
so issued shall in all respects have the same legal rank and benefit under this
Indenture as the Notes theretofore or thereafter issued in accordance with the
terms of this Indenture as though all of such Notes had been issued at the date
of the execution hereof. In the event of any such consolidation, merger, sale,
conveyance or lease, the person named as the "Company" in the first paragraph of
this Indenture or any successor which shall thereafter have become such in the
manner prescribed in this Article 12 may be dissolved, wound up and liquidated
at any time thereafter and such person shall be released from its liabilities as
obligor and maker of the Notes and from its obligations under this Indenture.

         In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance or lease,
such changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the
Notes thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.

         Section 12.3. OPINION OF COUNSEL TO BE GIVEN TRUSTEE. The Trustee,
subject to Sections 8.1 and 8.2, shall receive an Officers' Certificate and an
Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that any such consolidation, merger,
sale, conveyance or lease and any such assumption complies with the provisions
of this Article 12.


                                       54
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE 13.

                     SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE

         Section 13.1. DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE. When (a) the Company shall
deliver to the Trustee for cancellation all Notes theretofore authenticated
(other than any Notes which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and in lieu of
or in substitution for which other Notes shall have been authenticated and
delivered) and not theretofore canceled, or (b) all the Notes not theretofore
canceled or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation shall have become due and
payable, or are by their terms to become due and payable within one year or are
to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to
the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption, and the Company shall
deposit with the Trustee, in trust, funds sufficient to pay at maturity or upon
redemption of all of the Notes (other than any Notes which shall have been
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen and in lieu of or in substitution for which
other Notes shall have been authenticated and delivered) not theretofore
canceled or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, including principal and
premium, if any, and interest due or to become due to such date of maturity or
redemption date, as the case may be, and if in either case the Company shall
also pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company,
then this Indenture shall cease to be of further effect (except as to (i)
remaining rights of registration of transfer, substitution and exchange and
conversion of Notes, (ii) rights hereunder of Noteholders to receive payments of
principal of and premium, if any, and interest on, the Notes and the other
rights, duties and obligations of Noteholders, as beneficiaries hereof with
respect to the amounts, if any, so deposited with the Trustee and (iii) the
rights, obligations and immunities of the Trustee hereunder), and the Trustee,
on demand of the Company accompanied by an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion
of Counsel as required by Section 17.5 and at the cost and expense of the
Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction of and
discharging this Indenture; the Company, however, hereby agreeing to reimburse
the Trustee for any costs or expenses thereafter reasonably and properly
incurred by the Trustee and to compensate the Trustee for any services
thereafter reasonably and properly rendered by the Trustee in connection with
this Indenture or the Notes.

         Section 13.2. DEPOSITED MONIES TO BE HELD IN TRUST BY TRUSTEE. Subject
to Section 13.4, all monies deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 13.1
shall be held in trust and applied by it to the payment, notwithstanding the
provisions of Article 4, either directly or through any paying agent (including
the Company if acting as its own paying agent), to the holders of the particular
Notes for the payment or redemption of which such monies have been deposited
with the Trustee, of all sums due and to become due thereon for principal and
interest and premium, if any.

         Section 13.3. PAYING AGENT TO REPAY MONIES HELD. Upon the satisfaction
and discharge of this Indenture, all monies then held by any paying agent of the
Notes (other than the Trustee) shall, upon demand of the Company, be repaid to
it or paid to the Trustee, and thereupon such paying agent shall be released
from all further liability with respect to such monies.


                                       55
<PAGE>

         Section 13.4. RETURN OF UNCLAIMED MONIES. Subject to the requirements
of applicable law, any monies deposited with or paid to the Trustee for payment
of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on Notes and not applied but
remaining unclaimed by the holders of Notes for two years after the date upon
which the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on such Notes, as the case
may be, shall have become due and payable, shall be repaid to the Company by the
Trustee on demand and all liability of the Trustee shall thereupon cease with
respect to such monies; and the holder of any of the Notes shall thereafter look
only to the Company for any payment which such holder may be entitled to collect
unless an applicable abandoned property law designates another person.

         Section 13.5. REINSTATEMENT. If (i) the Trustee or the paying agent is
unable to apply any money in accordance with Section 13.2 by reason of any order
or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or
otherwise prohibiting such application and (ii) the holders of at least a
majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes so request by written
notice to the Trustee, the Company's obligations under this Indenture and the
Notes shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant
to Section 13.1 until such time as the Trustee or the paying agent is permitted
to apply all such money in accordance with Section 13.2; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that
if the Company makes any payment of interest on or principal of any Note
following the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated
to the rights of the holders of such Notes to receive such payment from the
money held by the Trustee or paying agent.

                                   ARTICLE 14.

         IMMUNITY OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS

         Section 14.1. INDENTURE AND NOTES SOLELY CORPORATE OBLIGATIONS. No
recourse for the payment of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on
any Note, or for any claim based thereon or otherwise in respect thereof, and no
recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of the Company in
this Indenture or in any supplemental indenture or in any Note, or because of
the creation of any indebtedness represented thereby, shall be had against any
incorporator, stockholder, employee, agent, officer or director or subsidiary,
as such, past, present or future, of the Company or of any successor
corporation, either directly or through the Company or any successor
corporation, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or
by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise; it being expressly
understood that all such liability is hereby expressly waived and released as a
condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of this Indenture and
the issue of the Notes.


                                       56
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE 15.

                               CONVERSION OF NOTES

         Section 15.1. RIGHT TO CONVERT. Subject to and upon compliance with
the provisions of this Indenture, the holder of any Note shall have the right,
at his option, at any time following the date of original issuance of the Notes
and prior to the close of business on March 15, 2005 (except that, with
respect to any Note or portion of a Note which shall be called for redemption,
such right shall terminate, except as provided in the fifth paragraph of Section
15.2 and Section 3.4, at the close of business on the Business Day next
preceding the date fixed for redemption or repurchase of such Note or portion of
a Note unless the Company shall default in payment due upon redemption or
repurchase, as applicable, thereof) to convert the principal amount of any such
Note, or any portion of such principal amount which is $1,000 or an integral
multiple thereof, into that number of fully paid and non-assessable shares of
Common Stock (as such shares shall then be constituted) obtained by dividing the
principal amount of the Note or portion thereof surrendered for conversion by
the Conversion Price in effect at such time, by surrender of the Note so to be
converted in whole or in part in the manner provided in Section 15.2. A holder
of Notes is not entitled to any rights of a holder of Common Stock until such
holder has converted his Notes to Common Stock, and only to the extent such
Notes are deemed to have been converted to Common Stock under this Article 15. A
Note with respect to which a holder has delivered a notice in accordance with
Section 16.2 regarding such holder's election to require the Company to
repurchase such holder's Notes following the occurrence of a Repurchase Event
may be converted in accordance with this Article 15 only if such holder
withdraws such notice by delivering a written notice of withdrawal to the
Company prior to the close of business on last Business Day prior to the day
fixed for repurchase.

         Section 15.2. EXERCISE OF CONVERSION PRIVILEGE; ISSUANCE OF COMMON
STOCK ON CONVERSION; NO ADJUSTMENT FOR INTEREST OR DIVIDENDS. In order to
exercise the conversion privilege with respect to any Note in definitive form,
the holder of any such Note to be converted in whole or in part shall surrender
such Note, duly endorsed, at an office or agency maintained by the Company
pursuant to Section 5.2, accompanied by the funds, if any, required by the
penultimate paragraph of this Section 15.2, and shall give written notice of
conversion in the form provided on the Notes (or such other notice which is
acceptable to the Company) to the office or agency that the holder elects to
convert such Note or such portion thereof specified in said notice. Such notice
shall also state the name or names (with address) in which the certificate or
certificates for shares of Common Stock which shall be issuable on such
conversion shall be issued, and shall be accompanied by transfer taxes, if
required pursuant to Section 15.7. Each such Note surrendered for conversion
shall, unless the shares issuable on conversion are to be issued in the same
name as the registration of such Note, be duly endorsed by, or be accompanied by
instruments of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company duly executed by,
the holder or his duly authorized attorney.


                                       57
<PAGE>

         In order to exercise the conversion privilege with respect to any
interest in the Global Note, the beneficial holder must complete the appropriate
instruction form for conversion pursuant to the Depositary's book-entry
conversion program, deliver by book-entry delivery an interest in the Global
Note, furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents if required by the
Company or the Trustee or conversion agent, and pay the funds, if any, required
by the penultimate paragraph of this Section 15.2 and any transfer taxes, if
required pursuant to Section 15.7.

         As promptly as practicable after satisfaction of the requirements for
conversion set forth above, subject to compliance with any restrictions on
transfer if shares issuable on conversion are to be issued in a name other than
that of the Noteholder (as if such transfer were a transfer of the Note or Notes
(or portion thereof) so converted), the Company shall issue and shall deliver to
such holder at the office or agency maintained by the Company for such purpose
pursuant to Section 5.2, a certificate or certificates for the number of full
shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of such Note or portion
thereof in accordance with the provisions of this Article and a check or cash in
respect of any fractional interest in respect of a share of Common Stock arising
upon such conversion, as provided in Section 15.3 (which payment, if any, shall
be paid no later than five Business Days after satisfaction of the requirements
for conversion set forth above). In case any Note of a denomination greater than
$1,000 shall be surrendered for partial conversion, and subject to Section 2.3,
the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the
holder of the Note so surrendered, without charge to him, a new Note or Notes in
authorized denominations in an aggregate principal amount equal to the
unconverted portion of the surrendered Note.

         Each conversion shall be deemed to have been effected as to any such
Note (or portion thereof) on the date on which the requirements set forth above
in this Section 15.2 have been satisfied as to such Note (or portion thereof),
and the person in whose name any certificate or certificates for shares of
Common Stock shall be issuable upon such conversion shall be deemed to have
become on said date the holder of record of the shares represented thereby;
PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that any such surrender on any date when the stock transfer
books of the Company shall be closed shall constitute the person in whose name
the certificates are to be issued as the record holder thereof for all purposes
on the next succeeding day on which such stock transfer books are open, but such
conversion shall be at the Conversion Price in effect on the date upon which
such Note shall be surrendered.

         Any Note or portion thereof surrendered for conversion during the
period from the close of business on the record date for any interest payment
date through the opening of business on the Business Day next preceding such
interest payment date shall (unless such Note or portion thereof being converted
shall have been called for redemption pursuant to a redemption notice mailed to
the Noteholders in accordance with Section 3.2 or eligible for repurchase
pursuant to a Company Notice mailed to the Noteholders in accordance with
Section 16.2) be accompanied by payment, in New York Clearing House funds or
other funds acceptable to the Company, of an amount equal to the interest
otherwise payable on such interest payment date on the principal amount being
converted; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no such payment need be made if there shall


                                       58
<PAGE>

exist at the time of conversion a default in the payment of interest on the
Notes. Except as provided above in this Section 15.2, no adjustment shall be
made for interest accrued on any Note converted or for dividends on any shares
issued upon the conversion of such Note as provided in this Article.

         Upon the conversion of an interest in the Global Note, the Trustee, or
the Custodian at the direction of the Trustee, shall make a notation on the
Global Note as to the reduction in the principal amount represented thereby.

         Section 15.3. CASH PAYMENTS IN LIEU OF FRACTIONAL SHARES. No
fractional shares of Common Stock or scrip representing fractional shares shall
be issued upon conversion of Notes. If more than one Note shall be surrendered
for conversion at one time by the same holder, the number of full shares which
shall be issuable upon conversion shall be computed on the basis of the
aggregate principal amount of the Notes (or specified portions thereof to the
extent permitted hereby) so surrendered for conversion. If any fractional share
of stock otherwise would be issuable upon the conversion of any Note or Notes,
the Company shall make an adjustment therefor in cash at the current market
value thereof to the holder of Notes. The current market value of a share of
Common Stock shall be the Closing Price on the first Trading Day immediately
preceding the day on which the Notes (or specified portions thereof) are deemed
to have been converted and such Closing Price shall be determined as provided in
Section 15.5(h).

         Section 15.4. CONVERSION PRICE. The conversion price shall be as
specified in the form of Note (herein called the "Conversion Price") attached as
Exhibit A hereto, subject to adjustment as provided in this Article 15.

         Section 15.5. ADJUSTMENT OF CONVERSION PRICE.  The Conversion Price
shall be adjusted from time to time by the Company as follows:

         (a) In case the Company shall hereafter pay a dividend or make a
distribution on any class of capital stock of the Company payable in shares of
Common Stock, the Conversion Price in effect at the opening of business on the
date following the date fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to
receive such dividend or other distribution shall be reduced by multiplying such
Conversion Price by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of
shares of Common Stock outstanding at the close of business on the Record Date
(as defined in Section 15.5(h)) fixed for such determination and the denominator
shall be the sum of such number of shares and the total number of shares
constituting such dividend or other distribution, such reduction to become
effective immediately after the opening of business on the day following the
Record Date. If any dividend or distribution of the type described in this
Section 15.5(a) is declared but not so paid or made, the Conversion Price shall
again be adjusted to the Conversion Price which would then be in effect if such
dividend or distribution had not been declared.

         (b) In case the Company shall issue rights, options or warrants to all
holders of its outstanding shares of Common Stock (other than any rights,
options or warrants that by their


                                       59
<PAGE>

terms will also be issued to any Noteholder upon conversion of a Note into
Common Stock without any action required by the Company or any other person)
entitling them to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock at a price
per share less than the Current Market Price (as defined in Section 15.5(h)) on
the Record Date fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive
such rights, options or warrants, the Conversion Price shall be adjusted so that
the same shall equal the price determined by multiplying the Conversion Price in
effect at the opening of business on the date after such Record Date by a
fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock
outstanding at the close of business on the Record Date plus the number of
shares which the aggregate offering price of the total number of shares so
offered for subscription or purchase would purchase at such Current Market
Price, and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common
Stock outstanding on the close of business on the Record Date plus the total
number of additional shares of Common Stock so offered for subscription or
purchase. Such adjustment shall become effective immediately after the opening
of business on the day following the Record Date fixed for determination of
stockholders entitled to receive such rights or warrants. To the extent that
shares of Common Stock are not delivered pursuant to such rights, options or
warrants, upon the expiration or termination of such rights or warrants the
Conversion Price shall be readjusted to the Conversion Price which would then be
in effect had the adjustments made upon the issuance of such rights or warrants
been made on the basis of delivery of only the number of shares of Common Stock
actually delivered. In the event that such rights or warrants are not so issued,
the Conversion Price shall again be adjusted to be the Conversion Price which
would then be in effect if such date fixed for the determination of stockholders
entitled to receive such rights or warrants had not been fixed. In determining
whether any rights or warrants entitle the holders to subscribe for or purchase
shares of Common Stock at less than such Current Market Price, and in
determining the aggregate offering price of such shares of Common Stock, there
shall be taken into account any consideration received for such rights or
warrants, the value of such consideration, if other than cash, to be determined
by the Board of Directors.

         Not in limitation of the foregoing, in the event that the Company
implements a stockholder rights plan, such rights plan shall provide that upon
conversion of the Notes the holders will receive, in addition to the Common
Stock issuable upon such conversion, the rights issued under such rights plan
(notwithstanding the occurrence of an event causing such rights to separate from
the Common Stock at or prior to the time of conversion). Any distribution of
rights, options or warrants pursuant to a stockholder rights plan complying with
the requirements set forth in the immediately preceding sentence of this
paragraph shall not constitute a distribution of rights, options or warrants for
the purposes of this Section 15.5(d).

         Rights, options or warrants distributed by the Company to all holders
of Common Stock entitling the holders thereof to subscribe for or purchase
shares of the Company's capital stock (either initially or under certain
circumstances), which rights, options or warrants, until the occurrence of a
specified event or events ("Trigger Event"): (i) are deemed to be transferred
with such shares of Common Stock; (ii) are not exercisable; and (iii) are also
issued in respect of future issuances of Common Stock, shall be deemed not to
have been distributed for purposes of this Section 15.5(b) (and no adjustment to
the Conversion Price under this Section 15.5(b) will


                                       60
<PAGE>

be required) until the occurrence of the earliest Trigger Event. If such right,
option or warrant is subject to subsequent events, upon the occurrence of which
such right or warrant shall become exercisable to purchase different securities,
evidences of indebtedness or other assets or entitle the holder to purchase a
different number or amount of the foregoing or to purchase any of the foregoing
at a different purchase price, then the occurrence of each such event shall be
deemed to be the date of issuance and record date with respect to a new right,
option or warrant (and a termination or expiration of the existing right, option
or warrant without exercise by the holder thereof). In addition, in the event of
any distribution (or deemed distribution) of rights, options or warrants, or any
Trigger Event or other event (of the type described in the preceding sentence)
with respect thereto, that resulted in an adjustment to the Conversion Price
under this Section 15.5(b), (1) in the case of any such rights, options or
warrants which shall all have been redeemed or repurchased without exercise by
any holders thereof, the Conversion Price shall be readjusted upon such final
redemption or repurchase to give effect to such distribution or Trigger Event,
as the case may be, as though it were a cash distribution, equal to the per
share redemption or repurchase price received by a holder of Common Stock with
respect to such rights or warrants (assuming such holder had retained such
rights, options or warrants), made to all holders of Common Stock as of the date
of such redemption or repurchase, and (2) in the case of such rights, options or
warrants all of which shall have expired or been terminated without exercise,
the Conversion Price shall be readjusted as if such rights and warrants had
never been issued.

         (c) In case the outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be subdivided
into a greater number of shares of Common Stock, the Conversion Price in effect
at the opening of business on the day following the day upon which such
subdivision becomes effective shall be proportionately reduced, and conversely,
in case outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be combined into a smaller
number of shares of Common Stock, the Conversion Price in effect at the opening
of business on the day following the day upon which such combination becomes
effective shall be proportionately increased, such reduction or increase, as the
case may be, to become effective immediately after the opening of business on
the day following the day upon which such subdivision or combination becomes
effective.

         (d) In case the Company shall, by dividend or otherwise, distribute to
all holders of its Common Stock shares of any class of capital stock of the
Company (other than any dividends or distributions to which Section 15.5(a)
applies) or evidences of its indebtedness, cash or other assets (including
securities, but excluding (1) any rights, options or warrants referred to in
Section 15.5(b) and, (2) dividends and distributions exclusively in cash (the
foregoing hereinafter in this Section 15.5(d) called the "Securities")), unless
the Company elects to reserve such Securities for distribution to the
Noteholders upon conversion of the Notes so that any such holder converting
Notes will receive upon such conversion, without any additional action on the
part of the Company or the Noteholder and in addition to the shares of Common
Stock to which such holder is entitled, the amount and kind of such Securities
which such holder would have received if such holder had converted its Notes
into Common Stock immediately prior to the Record Date (as defined in Section
15.5(h) for such distribution of the Securities) then, in each such case, the
Conversion Price shall be reduced so that the same shall be equal to the price


                                       61
<PAGE>

determined by multiplying the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to
the close of business on the Record Date (as defined in Section 15.5(h)) with
respect to such distribution by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the
Current Market Price (determined as provided in Section 15.5(h)) on such date
less the fair market value (as determined by the Board of Directors, whose
determination shall be conclusive and described in a Board Resolution) on such
date of the portion of the Securities so distributed applicable to one share of
Common Stock and the denominator shall be such Current Market Price, such
reduction to become effective immediately prior to the opening of business on
the day following the Record Date; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in the event the then
fair market value (as so determined) of the portion of the Securities so
distributed applicable to one share of Common Stock is equal to or greater than
the Current Market Price on the Record Date, in lieu of the foregoing
adjustment, adequate provision shall be made so that each Noteholder shall have
the right to receive upon conversion of a Note (or any portion thereof) the
amount of Securities such holder would have received had such holder converted
such Note (or portion thereof) immediately prior to such Record Date. In the
event that such dividend or distribution is not so paid or made, the Conversion
Price shall again be adjusted to be the Conversion Price which would then be in
effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared. If the Board of
Directors determines the fair market value of any distribution for purposes of
this Section 15.5(d) by reference to the actual or when issued trading market
for any securities comprising all or part of such distribution, it must in doing
so consider the prices in such market over the same period (the "Reference
Period") used in computing the Current Market Price pursuant to Section 15.5(h)
to the extent possible, unless the Board of Directors in a board resolution
determines in good faith that determining the fair market value during the
Reference Period would not be in the best interest of the Noteholder.

         For purposes of this Section 15.5(d) and Sections 15.5(a) and (b), any
dividend or distribution to which this Section 15.5(d) is applicable that also
includes shares of Common Stock, or rights, options or warrants to subscribe for
or purchase shares of Common Stock to which Section 15.5(b) applies (or both),
shall be deemed instead to be (1) a dividend or distribution of the evidences of
indebtedness, assets, shares of capital stock, rights or warrants other than
such shares of Common Stock or rights or warrants to which Section 15.5(b)
applies (and any Conversion Price reduction required by this Section 15.5(d)
with respect to such dividend or distribution shall then be made) immediately
followed by (2) a dividend or distribution of such shares of Common Stock or
such rights or warrants (and any further Conversion Price reduction required by
Sections 15.5(a) and (b) with respect to such dividend or distribution shall
then be made, except (A) the Record Date of such dividend or distribution shall
be substituted as "the date fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled
to receive such dividend or other distribution", "Record Date fixed for such
determination" and "Record Date" within the meaning of Section 15.5(a) and as
"the date fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such
rights or warrants", "the Record Date fixed for the determination of the
stockholders entitled to receive such rights or warrants" and "such Record Date"
within the meaning of Section 15.5(b) and (B) any shares of Common Stock
included in such dividend or distribution shall not be deemed "outstanding at
the close of business on the date fixed for such determination" within the
meaning of Section 15.5(a).


                                       62
<PAGE>

         (e) In case the Company shall, by dividend or otherwise, distribute to
all holders of its Common Stock cash (excluding any cash that is distributed
upon a merger or consolidation to which Section 15.6 applies or as part of a
distribution referred to in Section 15.5(d)), in an aggregate amount that,
combined together with (1) the aggregate amount of any other such distributions
to all holders of its Common Stock made exclusively in cash within the twelve
(12) months preceding the date of payment of such distribution, and in respect
of which no adjustment pursuant to this Section 15.5(e) has been made, and (2)
the aggregate of any cash plus the fair market value (as determined by the Board
of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive and described in a Board
Resolution) of consideration payable in respect of any tender offer by the
Company or any of its subsidiaries for all or any portion of the Common Stock
concluded within the twelve (12) months preceding the date of payment of such
distribution, and in respect of which no adjustment pursuant to Section 15.5(f)
has been made, exceeds 10% of the product of the Current Market Price
(determined as provided in Section 15.5(h)) on the Record Date with respect to
such distribution times the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on such
date, then, and in each such case, immediately after the close of business on
such date, the Conversion Price shall be reduced so that the same shall equal
the price determined by multiplying the Conversion Price in effect immediately
prior to the close of business on such Record Date by a fraction (i) the
numerator of which shall be equal to the Current Market Price on the Record Date
less an amount equal to the quotient of (x) the excess of such combined amount
over such 10% and (y) the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on the
Record Date and (ii) the denominator of which shall be equal to the Current
Market Price on such date; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in the event the portion of
the cash so distributed applicable to one share of Common Stock is equal to or
greater than the Current Market Price of the Common Stock on the Record Date, in
lieu of the foregoing adjustment, adequate provision shall be made so that each
Noteholder shall have the right to receive upon conversion of a Note (or any
portion thereof) the amount of cash such holder would have received had such
holder converted such Note (or portion thereof) immediately prior to such Record
Date. In the event that such dividend or distribution is not so paid or made,
the Conversion Price shall again be adjusted to be the Conversion Price which
would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared.
Any cash distribution to all holders of Common Stock as to which the Company
makes the election permitted by Section 15.5(n) and as to which the Company has
complied with the requirements of such Section shall be treated as not having
been made for all purposes of this Section 15.5(e)).

         (f) In case a tender offer made by the Company or any Subsidiary for
all or any portion of the Common Stock shall expire and such tender offer (as
amended upon the expiration thereof) shall require the payment to stockholders
(based on the acceptance (up to any maximum specified in the terms of the tender
offer) of Purchased Shares (as defined below)) of an aggregate consideration
having a fair market value (as determined by the Board of Directors, whose
determination shall be conclusive and described in a Board Resolution) that
combined together with (1) the aggregate of the cash plus the fair market value
(as determined by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be
conclusive and described in a Board Resolution), as of the expiration of such
tender offer, of consideration payable in respect of any other tender offers, by
the Company or any of its subsidiaries for all or any portion of the Common
Stock


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<PAGE>

expiring within the twelve (12) months preceding the expiration of such tender
offer and in respect of which no adjustment pursuant to this Section 15.5(f) has
been made and (2) the aggregate amount of any distributions to all holders of
the Company's Common Stock made exclusively in cash within twelve (12) months
preceding the expiration of such tender offer and in respect of which no
adjustment pursuant to Section 15.5(e) has been made, exceeds 10% of the product
of the Current Market Price (determined as provided in Section 15.5(h)) as of
the last time (the "Expiration Time") tenders could have been made pursuant to
such tender offer (as it may be amended) times the number of shares of Common
Stock outstanding (including any tendered shares) on the Expiration Time, then,
and in each such case, immediately prior to the opening of business on the day
after the date of the Expiration Time, the Conversion Price shall be adjusted so
that the same shall equal the price determined by multiplying the Conversion
Price in effect immediately prior to close of business on the date of the
Expiration Time by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of
shares of Common Stock outstanding (including any tendered shares) on the
Expiration Time multiplied by the Current Market Price of the Common Stock on
the Trading Day next succeeding the Expiration Time and the denominator shall be
the sum of (x) the fair market value (determined as aforesaid) of the aggregate
consideration payable to stockholders based on the acceptance (up to any maximum
specified in the terms of the tender offer) of all shares validly tendered and
not withdrawn as of the Expiration Time (the shares deemed so accepted, up to
any such maximum, being referred to as the "Purchased Shares") and (y) the
product of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding (less any Purchased
Shares) on the Expiration Time and the Current Market Price of the Common Stock
on the Trading Day next succeeding the Expiration Time, such reduction (if any)
to become effective immediately prior to the opening of business on the day
following the Expiration Time. In the event that the Company is obligated to
purchase shares pursuant to any such tender offer, but the Company is
permanently prevented by applicable law from effecting any such purchases or all
such purchases are rescinded, the Conversion Price shall again be adjusted to be
the Conversion Price which would then be in effect if such tender offer had not
been made. If the application of this Section 15.5(f) to any tender offer would
result in an increase in the Conversion Price, no adjustment shall be made for
such tender offer under this Section 15.5(f). Any cash distribution to all
holders of Common Stock as to which the Company has made the election permitted
by Section 15.5(n) and as to which the Company has complied with the
requirements of such Section shall be treated as not having been made for all
purposes of this Section 15.5(f).

         (g) In case of a tender or exchange offer made by a person other than
the Company or any Subsidiary for an amount which increases the offeror's
ownership of Common Stock to more than 25% of the Common Stock outstanding and
shall involve the payment by such person of consideration per share of Common
Stock having a fair market value (as determined by the Board of Directors),
whose determination shall be conclusive, and described in a resolution of the
Board of Directors at the last time (the "Expiration Time") tenders or exchanges
may be made pursuant to such tender or exchange offer (as it shall have been
amended) that exceeds the Current Market Price of the Common Stock on the
Trading Day next succeeding the Expiration Time, and in which, as of the
Expiration Time the Board of Directors is not recommending rejection of the
offer, the Conversion Price shall be reduced so that the same shall equal the
price


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<PAGE>

determined by multiplying the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to
the Expiration Time by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of
shares of Common Stock outstanding (including any tendered or exchanged shares)
on the Expiration Time multiplied by the current Market Price of the Common
Stock on the Trading Day next succeeding the Expiration Time and the denominator
shall be the sum of (x) the fair market value (determined as aforesaid) of the
aggregate consideration payable to stockholders based on the acceptance (up to
any maximum specified in the terms of the tender or exchange offer) of all
shares validly tendered or exchanged and not withdrawn as of the Expiration Time
(the shares deemed so accepted, up to any such maximum, being referred to as the
"Purchased Shares") and (y) the product of the number of shares of Common Stock
outstanding (less any Purchased Shares) on the Expiration Time and the Current
Market Price of the Common Stock on the Trading Day next succeeding the
Expiration Time, such reduction to become effective immediately prior to the
opening of business on the day following the Expiration Time. In the event that
such person is obligated to purchase shares pursuant to any such tender or
exchange offer, but such person is permanently prevented by applicable law from
effecting any such purchases or all such purchases are rescinded, the Conversion
Price shall again be adjusted to be the Conversion Price which would then be in
effect if such tender or exchange offer had not been made. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, the adjustment described in this Section 15.5(g) shall not be made
if, as of the Expiration Time, the offering documents with respect to such offer
disclose a plan or intention to cause the Company to engage in any transaction
described in Article 12.

         (h) For purposes of this Section 15.5, the following terms shall have
the meaning indicated:

                                    (1) "Closing Price" with respect to any
                  securities on any day shall mean the closing sale price
                  regular way on such day or, in case no such sale takes place
                  on such day, the average of the reported closing bid and asked
                  prices, regular way, in each case on the Nasdaq National
                  Market or New York Stock Exchange, as applicable, or, if such
                  security is not listed or admitted to trading on such National
                  Market or Exchange, on the principal national security
                  exchange or quotation system on which such security is quoted
                  or listed or admitted to trading, or, if not quoted or listed
                  or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange or
                  quotation system, the average of the closing bid and asked
                  prices of such security on the over-the-counter market on the
                  day in question as reported by the National Quotation Bureau
                  Incorporated, or a similar generally accepted reporting
                  service, or if not so available, in such manner as furnished
                  by any New York Stock Exchange member firm selected from time
                  to time by the Board of Directors for that purpose, or a price
                  determined in good faith by the Board of Directors, whose
                  determination shall be conclusive and described in a Board
                  Resolution.

                                    (2) "Current Market Price" shall mean the
                  average of the daily Closing Prices per share of Common Stock
                  for the ten (10) consecutive Trading Days immediately prior to
                  the date in question; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that (1) if the


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<PAGE>

                  "ex" date (as hereinafter defined) for any event (other than
                  the issuance or distribution requiring such computation) that
                  requires an adjustment to the Conversion Price pursuant to
                  Section 15.5(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) or (g) occurs during
                  such ten (10) consecutive Trading Days, the Closing Price for
                  each Trading Day prior to the "ex" date for such other event
                  shall be adjusted by multiplying such Closing Price by the
                  same fraction by which the Conversion Price is so required to
                  be adjusted as a result of such other event, (2) if the "ex"
                  date for any event (other than the issuance or distribution
                  requiring such computation) that requires an adjustment to the
                  Conversion Price pursuant to Section 15.5(a), (b), (c), (d),
                  (e), (f) or (g) occurs on or after the "ex" date for the
                  issuance or distribution requiring such computation and prior
                  to the day in question, the Closing Price for each Trading Day
                  on and after the "ex" date for such other event shall be
                  adjusted by multiplying such Closing Price by the reciprocal
                  of the fraction by which the Conversion Price is so required
                  to be adjusted as a result of such other event, and (3) if the
                  "ex" date for the issuance or distribution requiring such
                  computation is prior to the day in question, after taking into
                  account any adjustment required pursuant to clause (1) or (2)
                  of this proviso, the Closing Price for each Trading Day on or
                  after such "ex" date shall be adjusted by adding thereto the
                  amount of any cash and the fair market value (as determined by
                  the Board of Directors in a manner consistent with any
                  determination of such value for purposes of Section 15.5(d),
                  (f) or (g), whose determination shall be conclusive and
                  described in a Board Resolution) of the evidences of
                  indebtedness, shares of capital stock or assets being
                  distributed applicable to one share of Common Stock as of the
                  close of business on the day before such "ex" date. For
                  purposes of any computation under Sections 15.5(f) or (g), the
                  Current Market Price of the Common Stock on any date shall be
                  deemed to be the average of the daily Closing Prices per share
                  of Common Stock for such day and the next two succeeding
                  Trading Days; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that if the "ex" date for any
                  event (other than the tender offer requiring such computation)
                  that requires an adjustment to the Conversion Price pursuant
                  to Section 15.5(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g) occurs on
                  or after the Expiration Time for the tender or exchange offer
                  requiring such computation and prior to the day in question,
                  the Closing Price for each Trading Day on and after the "ex"
                  date for such other event shall be adjusted by multiplying
                  such Closing Price by the reciprocal of the fraction by which
                  the Conversion Price is so required to be adjusted as a result
                  of such other event. For purposes of this paragraph, the term
                  "ex" date, (1) when used with respect to any issuance or
                  distribution, means the first date on which the Common Stock
                  trades regular way on the relevant exchange or in the relevant
                  market from which the Closing Price was obtained without the
                  right to receive such issuance or distribution, (2) when used
                  with respect to any subdivision or combination of shares of
                  Common Stock, means the first date on which the Common Stock
                  trades regular way on such exchange or in such market after
                  the time at which such subdivision or combination becomes
                  effective, and (3) when used with respect to any tender or
                  exchange offer means the first date on which


                                       66
<PAGE>

                  the Common Stock trades regular way on such exchange or in
                  such market after the Expiration Time of such offer.
                  Notwithstanding the foregoing, whenever successive adjustments
                  to the Conversion Price are called for pursuant to this
                  Section 15.5, such adjustments shall be made to the Current
                  Market Price as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate
                  the intent of this Section 15.5 and to avoid unjust or
                  inequitable results as determined in good faith by the Board
                  of Directors.

                                    (3) "fair market value" shall mean the
                  amount which a willing buyer would pay a willing seller in an
                  arm's length transaction.

                                    (4) "Record Date" shall mean, with respect
                  to any dividend, distribution or other transaction or event in
                  which the holders of Common Stock have the right to receive
                  any cash, securities or other property or in which the Common
                  Stock (or other applicable security) is exchanged for or
                  converted into any combination of cash, securities or other
                  property, the date fixed for determination of stockholders
                  entitled to receive such cash, securities or other property
                  (whether such date is fixed by the Board of Directors or by
                  statute, contract or otherwise).

                                    (5) "Trading Day" shall mean (x) if the
                  applicable security is listed or admitted for trading on the
                  New York Stock Exchange or another national security exchange,
                  a day on which the New York Stock Exchange or another national
                  security exchange is open for business or (y) if the
                  applicable security is quoted on the Nasdaq National Market, a
                  day on which trades may be made thereon or (z) if the
                  applicable security is not so listed, admitted for trading or
                  quoted, any day other than a Saturday or Sunday or a day on
                  which banking institutions in the State of New York are
                  authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.

          (i) The Company may make such reductions in the Conversion Price, in
addition to those required by Sections 15.5(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g),
as the Board of Directors considers to be advisable to avoid or diminish any
income tax to holders of Common Stock or rights to purchase Common Stock
resulting from any dividend or distribution of stock (or rights to acquire
stock) or from any event treated as such for income tax purposes.

         To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Company from time to
time may reduce the Conversion Price by any amount for any period of time if the
period is at least twenty (20) days, the reduction is irrevocable during the
period and the Board of Directors shall have made a determination that such
reduction would be in the best interests of the Company, which determination
shall be conclusive and described in a Board Resolution. Whenever the Conversion
Price is reduced pursuant to the preceding sentence, the Company shall mail to
the holder of each Note at his last address appearing on the Note register
provided for in Section 2.5 a notice of the reduction at least fifteen (15) days
prior to the date the reduced Conversion Price


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<PAGE>

takes effect, and such notice shall state the reduced Conversion Price and the
period during which it will be in effect.

         (j) No adjustment in the Conversion Price shall be required unless such
adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least 1% in such price;
PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that any adjustments which by reason of this Section 15.5(j)
are not required to be made shall be carried forward and taken into account in
any subsequent adjustment. All calculations under this Article 15 shall be made
by the Company and shall be made to the nearest cent or to the nearest one
hundredth of a share, as the case may be. No adjustment need be made for a
change in the par value or no par value of the Common Stock.

         (k) Whenever the Conversion Price is adjusted as herein provided, the
Company shall promptly file with the Trustee and any conversion agent other than
the Trustee an Officers' Certificate setting forth the Conversion Price after
such adjustment and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such
adjustment. Promptly after delivery of such certificate, the Company shall
prepare a notice of such adjustment of the Conversion Price setting forth the
adjusted Conversion Price and the date on which each adjustment becomes
effective and shall mail such notice of such adjustment of the Conversion Price
to the holder of each Note at his last address appearing on the Note register
provided for in Section 2.5, within twenty (20) days of the effective date of
such adjustment. Failure to deliver such notice shall not effect the legality or
validity of any such adjustment.

         (l) In any case in which this Section 15.5 provides that an adjustment
shall become effective immediately after a Record Date for an event, the Company
may defer until the occurrence of such event (i) issuing to the holder of any
Note converted after such Record Date and before the occurrence of such event
the additional shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion by reason of
the adjustment required by such event over and above the Common Stock issuable
upon such conversion before giving effect to such adjustment and (ii) paying to
such holder any amount in cash in lieu of any fraction pursuant to Section 15.3.

         (m) For purposes of this Section 15.5, the number of shares of Common
Stock at any time outstanding shall not include shares held in the treasury of
the Company but shall include shares issuable in respect of scrip certificates
issued in lieu of fractions of shares of Common Stock. The Company will not pay
any dividend or make any distribution on shares of Common Stock held in the
treasury of the Company.

         (n) In lieu of making any adjustment to the Conversion Price pursuant
to Section 15.5(e), the Company may elect to reserve an amount of cash for
distribution to the holders of the Notes upon the conversion of the Notes so
that any such holder converting Notes will receive upon such conversion, in
addition to the shares of Common Stock and other items to which such holder is
entitled, the full amount of cash which such holder would have received if such
holder had, immediately prior to the Record Date for such distribution of cash,
converted its Notes into Common Stock, together with any interest accrued with
respect to such amount, in accordance with this Section 15.5(n). The Company may
make such election by providing an


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<PAGE>

Officers' Certificate to the Trustee to such effect on or prior to the payment
date for any such distribution and depositing with the Trustee on or prior to
such date an amount of cash equal to the aggregate amount the holders of the
Notes would have received if such holders had, immediately prior to the Record
Date for such distribution, converted all of the Notes into Common Stock. Any
such funds so deposited by the Company with the Trustee shall be invested by the
Trustee in marketable obligations issued or fully guaranteed by the United
States government with a maturity not more than three (3) months from the date
of issuance. Upon conversion of Notes by a holder, the holder will be entitled
to receive, in addition to the Common Stock issuable upon conversion, an amount
of cash equal to the amount such holder would have received if such holder had,
immediately prior to the Record Date for such distribution, converted its Note
into Common Stock, along with such holder's pro rata share of any accrued
interest earned as a consequence of the investment of such funds. Promptly after
making an election pursuant to this Section 15.5(n), the Company shall give or
shall cause to be given notice to all Noteholders of such election, which notice
shall state the amount of cash per $1,000 principal amount of Notes such holders
shall be entitled to receive (excluding interest) upon conversion of the Notes
as a consequence of the Company having made such election.

         Section 15.6. EFFECT OF RECLASSIFICATION, CONSOLIDATION, MERGER OR
SALE. If any of the following events occur, namely (i) any reclassification or
change of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (other than a change in par
value, or from par value to no par value, or from no par value to par value, or
as a result of a subdivision or combination), (ii) any consolidation, merger or
combination of the Company with another corporation as a result of which holders
of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive stock, securities or other property
or assets (including cash) with respect to or in exchange for such Common Stock,
or (iii) any sale or conveyance of the properties and assets of the Company as,
or substantially as, an entirety to any other corporation as a result of which
holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive stock, securities or other
property or assets (including cash) with respect to or in exchange for such
Common Stock, then the Company or the successor or purchasing corporation, as
the case may be, shall execute with the Trustee a supplemental indenture (which
shall comply with the Trust Indenture Act as in force at the date of execution
of such supplemental indenture if such supplemental indenture is then required
to so comply) providing that such Note shall be convertible into the kind and
amount of shares of stock and other securities or property or assets (including
cash) receivable upon such reclassification, change, consolidation, merger,
combination, sale or conveyance by a holder of a number of shares of Common
Stock issuable upon conversion of such Notes (assuming, for such purposes, a
sufficient number of authorized shares of Common Stock available to convert all
such Notes) immediately prior to such reclassification, change, consolidation,
merger, combination, sale or conveyance assuming such holder of Common Stock did
not exercise his rights of election, if any, as to the kind or amount of
securities, cash or other property receivable upon such consolidation, merger,
statutory exchange, sale or conveyance (provided that, if the kind or amount of
securities, cash or other property receivable upon such consolidation, merger,
statutory exchange, sale or conveyance is not the same for each share of Common
Stock in respect of which such rights of election shall not have been exercised
("non-electing share"), then for the purposes of this Section 15.6 the kind and
amount of securities, cash or other property receivable upon such consolidation,


                                       69
<PAGE>

merger, statutory exchange, sale or conveyance for each non-electing share shall
be deemed to be the kind and amount so receivable per share by a plurality of
the non-electing shares). Such supplemental indenture shall provide for
adjustments which shall be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the
adjustments provided for in this Article. If, in the case of any such
reclassification, change, consolidation, merger, combination, sale or
conveyance, the stock or other securities and assets receivable thereupon by a
holder of shares of Common Stock include shares of stock or other securities and
assets of a corporation other than the successor or purchasing corporation, as
the case may be, in such reclassification, change, consolidation, merger,
combination, sale or conveyance, then such supplemental indenture shall also be
executed by such other corporation and shall contain such additional provisions
to protect the interests of the holders of the Notes as the Board of Directors
shall reasonably consider necessary by reason of the foregoing, including to the
extent practicable the provisions providing for the repurchase rights set forth
in Article 16 herein.

         The Company shall cause notice of the execution of such supplemental
indenture to be mailed to each holder of Notes, at his address appearing on the
Note register provided for in Section 2.5 of this Indenture, within twenty (20)
days after execution thereof. Failure to deliver such notice shall not affect
the legality or validity of such supplemental indenture.

         The above provisions of this Section shall similarly apply to
successive reclassifications, changes, consolidations, mergers, combinations,
sales and conveyances.

         If this Section 15.6 applies to any event or occurrence, Section 15.5
shall not apply.

         Section 15.7. TAXES ON SHARES ISSUED. The issue of stock certificates
on conversions of Notes shall be made without charge to the converting
Noteholder for any tax in respect of the issue thereof. The Company shall not,
however, be required to pay any tax which may be payable in respect of any
transfer involved in the issue and delivery of stock in any name other than that
of the holder of any Note converted, and the Company shall not be required to
issue or deliver any such stock certificate unless and until the person or
persons requesting the issue thereof shall have paid to the Company the amount
of such tax or shall have established to the satisfaction of the Company that
such tax has been paid.

         Section 15.8. RESERVATION OF SHARES; SHARES TO BE FULLY PAID; LISTING
OF COMMON STOCK. The Company shall provide, free from preemptive rights, out of
its authorized but unissued shares or shares held in treasury, sufficient shares
to provide for the conversion of the Notes from time to time as such Notes are
presented for conversion.

         Before taking any action which would cause an adjustment reducing the
Conversion Price below the then par value, if any, of the shares of Common Stock
issuable upon conversion of the Notes, the Company will take all corporate
action which may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary in order that the
Company may validly and legally issue shares of such Common Stock at such
adjusted Conversion Price.


                                       70
<PAGE>

         The Company covenants that all shares of Common Stock issued upon
conversion of Notes will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Company and
free from all taxes, liens and charges with respect to the issue thereof.

         The Company further covenants that if at any time the Common Stock
shall be listed on the Nasdaq National Market or any other national securities
exchange or automated quotation system the Company will, if permitted by the
rules of such exchange or automated quotation system, list and keep listed, so
long as the Common Stock shall be so listed on such exchange or automated
quotation system, all Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes.

         Section 15.9. RESPONSIBILITY OF TRUSTEE. The Trustee and any other
conversion agent shall not at any time be under any duty or responsibility to
any holder of Notes to determine whether any facts exist which may require any
adjustment of the Conversion Price, or with respect to the nature or extent or
calculation of any such adjustment when made, or with respect to the method
employed, or herein or in any supplemental indenture provided to be employed, in
making the same. The Trustee and any other conversion agent shall not be
accountable with respect to the validity or value (or the kind or amount) of any
shares of Common Stock, or of any securities or property, which may at any time
be issued or delivered upon the conversion of any Note; and the Trustee and any
other conversion agent make no representations with respect thereto. Subject to
the provisions of Section 8.1, neither the Trustee nor any conversion agent
shall be responsible for any failure of the Company to issue, transfer or
deliver any shares of Common Stock or stock certificates or other securities or
property or cash upon the surrender of any note for the purpose of conversion or
to comply with any of the duties, responsibilities or covenants of the Company
contained in this Article. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing,
neither the Trustee nor any conversion agent shall be under any responsibility
to determine the correctness of any provisions contained in any supplemental
indenture entered into pursuant to Section 15.6 relating either to the kind or
amount of shares of stock or securities or property (including cash) receivable
by Noteholders upon the conversion of their Notes after any event referred to in
such Section 15.6 or to any adjustment to be made with respect thereto, but,
subject to the provisions of Section 8.1, may accept as conclusive evidence of
the correctness of any such provisions, and shall be protected in relying upon,
the Officers' Certificate (which the Company shall be obligated to file with the
Trustee prior to the execution of any such supplemental indenture) with respect
thereto.

         Section 15.10. NOTICE TO HOLDERS PRIOR TO CERTAIN ACTIONS.  In case:

         (a) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution) on
its Common Stock (that would require an adjustment in the Conversion Price
pursuant to Section 15.5); or

         (b) the Company shall authorize the granting to the holders of its
Common Stock of rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any share of any
class or any other rights or warrants; or


                                       71
<PAGE>

         (c) of any reclassification of the Common Stock of the Company (other
than a subdivision or combination of its outstanding Common Stock, or a change
in par value, or from par value to no par value, or from no par value to par
value), or of any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party and
for which approval of any shareholders of the Company is required, or of the
sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; or

         (d)      of the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or
winding-up of the Company;

the Company shall cause to be filed with the Trustee and to be mailed to each
holder of Notes at his address appearing on the Note register, provided for in
Section 2.5 of this Indenture, as promptly as possible but in any event at least
fifteen days prior to the applicable date hereinafter specified, a notice
stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such
dividend, distribution or rights or warrants, or, if a record is not to be
taken, the date as of which the holders of Common Stock of record to be entitled
to such dividend, distribution or rights are to be determined, or (y) the date
on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer,
dissolution, liquidation or winding-up is expected to become effective or occur,
and the date as of which it is expected that holders of Common Stock of record
shall be entitled to exchange their Common Stock for securities or other
property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale,
transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up. Failure to give such notice,
or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of such
dividend, distribution, reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer,
dissolution, liquidation or winding-up.


                                       72
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE 16.

                       REPURCHASE UPON A REPURCHASE EVENT

         Section 16.1. REPURCHASE RIGHT.

         (a) If, at any time prior to March 15, 2005 there shall occur a
Repurchase Event, then each Noteholder shall have the right, at such holder's
option, to require the Company to repurchase all of such holder's Notes, or
any portion thereof (in principal amounts of $1,000 or integral multiples
thereof), on the date (the "repurchase date") that is forty (40) calendar
days after the date of the Company Notice (as defined in Section 16.2 below)
of such Repurchase Event (or, if such 40th day is not a Business Day, the
next succeeding Business Day). Such repurchase shall be made in cash at a
price equal to 105% of the principal amount of Notes such holder elects to
require the Company to repurchase, together with accrued interest, if any, to
the repurchase date (the "Repurchase Price") (or, at the option of the
Company, by delivery of Common Stock in accordance with the provisions of
Section 16.3); PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that if such repurchase date is March 15 or
September 15 then the interest payable on such date shall be paid to the
holder of record of the Note on the next preceding March 1 or September 1,
respectively. No Notes may be redeemed at the option of holders upon a
Repurchase Event if there has occurred and is continuing an Event of Default,
other than a default in the payment of the Repurchase Price with respect to
such Notes on the repurchase date.

         Section 16.2. NOTICES; METHOD OF EXERCISING REPURCHASE RIGHT, ETC.

         (a) Unless the Company shall have theretofore called for redemption all
of the outstanding Notes, on or before the fifteenth (15th) calendar day after
the occurrence of a Repurchase Event, the Company or, at the written request of
the Company, the Trustee, shall mail to all holders of record of the Notes a
notice (the "Company Notice") in the form as prepared by the Company of the
occurrence of the Repurchase Event and of the repurchase right set forth herein
arising as a result thereof. The Company shall also deliver a copy of such
notice of a repurchase right to the Trustee and cause a copy of such notice of a
repurchase right, or a summary of the information contained therein, to be
published once in a newspaper of general circulation in The City of New York.
The Company Notice shall contain the following information:

                  (1) the repurchase date,

                  (2) the date by which the repurchase right must be exercised,

                  (3) the last date by which the election to require repurchase,
                      if submitted, must be revoked;


                                       73
<PAGE>

                  (4) the Repurchase Price and whether the Repurchase Price
                      shall be payable in cash or Common Stock and, if
                      payable in Common Stock, the method of calculating
                      the amount of the Common Stock to be delivered upon
                      the repurchase as provided in Section 16.3(a);

                  (5) a description of the procedure which a holder must follow
                      to exercise a repurchase right, and

                  (6) the Conversion Price then in effect, the date on
                      which the right to convert the principal amount of
                      the Notes to be repurchased will terminate and the
                      place or places where Notes may be surrendered for
                      conversion.

                  No failure of the Company to give the foregoing notices or
         defect therein shall limit any holder's right to exercise a repurchase
         right or affect the validity of the proceedings for the repurchase of
         Notes.

                  If any of the foregoing provisions are inconsistent with
applicable law, such law shall govern.

         (b) To exercise a repurchase right, a holder shall deliver to the
Trustee on or before the thirty-fifth (35th) day after the Company Notice was
delivered (i) written notice to the Company (or agent designated by the Company
for such purpose) of the holder's exercise of such right, which notice shall set
forth the name of the holder, the principal amount of the Notes to be
repurchased, a statement that an election to exercise the repurchase right is
being made thereby, and, in the event that the Repurchase Price shall be paid in
shares of Common Stock, the name or names (with addresses) in which the
certificate or certificates for shares of Common Stock shall be issued, and (ii)
the Notes with respect to which the repurchase right is being exercised, duly
endorsed for transfer to the Company. Election of repurchase by a holder shall
be revocable at any time prior to, but excluding, the repurchase date, by
delivering written notice to that effect to the Trustee prior to the close of
business on the Business Day prior to the repurchase date.

         (c) If the Company fails to repurchase on the repurchase date any Notes
(or portions thereof) as to which the repurchase right has been properly
exercised, then the principal of such Notes shall, until paid, bear interest to
the extent permitted by applicable law from the repurchase date at the rate
borne by the Note and each such Note shall be convertible into Common Stock in
accordance with this Indenture (without giving effect to Section 16.2(b)) until
the principal of such Note shall have been paid or duly provided for.

         (d) Any Note which is to be repurchased only in part shall be
surrendered to the Trustee duly endorsed for transfer to the Company and
accompanied by appropriate evidence of genuineness and authority satisfactory to
the Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the holder thereof (or his
attorney duly authorized in writing), and the Company shall execute, and the
Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the holder of such Note without
service charge, a new Note or Notes, containing identical terms and conditions,
of any authorized denomination as


                                       74
<PAGE>

requested by such holder in aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange
for the unrepurchased portion of the principal of the Note so surrendered.

         (e) On or prior to the repurchase date, the Company shall deposit with
the Trustee or with a paying agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own
paying agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 5.4) the
Repurchase Price in cash for payment to the holder on the repurchase date;
PROVIDED that if payment is to be made in cash, such cash payment is made on the
repurchase date it must be received by the Trustee or paying agent, as the case
may be, by 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on such date; PROVIDED FURTHER that
if the Repurchase Price is to be paid in shares of Common Stock, such shares of
Common Stock are to be paid as promptly after the repurchase date as
practicable.

         (f) Any issuance of shares of Common Stock in respect of the Repurchase
Price shall be deemed to have been effected immediately prior to the close of
business on the repurchase date and the person or persons in whose name or names
any certificate or certificates for shares of Common Stock shall be issuable
upon such repurchase shall be deemed to have become on the repurchase date the
holder or holders of record of the shares represented thereby; provided,
however, that any surrender for repurchase on a date when the stock transfer
books of the Company shall be closed shall constitute the person or persons in
whose name or names the certificate or certificates for such shares are to be
issued as the record holder or holders thereof for all purposes at the opening
of business on the next succeeding day on which such stock transfer books are
open. No payment or adjustment shall be made for dividends or distributions on
any Common Stock issued upon repurchase of any Security declared prior to the
repurchase date.

         (g) No fractions of shares shall be issued upon repurchase of Notes. If
more than one Note shall be repurchased from the same holder and the Repurchase
Price shall be payable in shares of Common Stock, the number of full shares
which shall be issuable upon such repurchase shall be computed on the basis of
the aggregate principal amount of the Notes so repurchased. Instead of any
fractional share of Common Stock which would otherwise be issuable on the
repurchase of any Note or Notes, the Company will deliver to the applicable
holder its check for the current market value of such fractional share. The
current market value of a fraction of a share is determined by multiplying the
current market price of a full share by the fraction, and rounding the result to
the nearest cent. For purposes of this Section, the current market price of a
share of Common Stock is the Closing Price of the Common Stock on the Trading
Day immediately preceding the repurchase date.

         (h) Any issuance and delivery of certificates for shares of Common
Stock on repurchase of Notes shall be made without charge to the holder of Notes
being repurchased for such certificates or for any tax or duty in respect of the
issuance or delivery of such certificates or the securities represented thereby;
provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay any tax or duty
which may be payable in respect of (i) income of the holder or (ii) any transfer
involved in the issuance or delivery of certificates for shares of Common Stock
in a name other than that of the holder of the Notes being repurchased, and no
such issuance or


                                       75
<PAGE>

delivery shall be made unless and until the person requesting such issuance or
delivery has paid to the Company the amount of any such tax or duty or has
established, to the satisfaction of the Company, that such tax or duty has been
paid.

         (i) All Notes delivered for repurchase shall be delivered to the
Trustee to be canceled in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.8.

         Section 16.3. CONDITIONS TO THE COMPANY'S ELECTION TO PAY THE
REPURCHASE PRICE IN COMMON STOCK.

         The Company may elect to pay the Repurchase Price by delivery of shares
of Common Stock pursuant to Section 16.1 if and only if the following conditions
shall have been satisfied:

         (a) The shares of Common Stock deliverable in payment of the Repurchase
Price shall have a fair market value as of the repurchase date of not less than
the Repurchase Price. For purposes of Section 16.1 and this Section 16.3, the
fair market value of shares of Common Stock shall be determined by the Company
and shall be equal to 95% of the average of the Closing Prices of the Common
Stock for the five consecutive Trading Days immediately preceding and including
the third Trading Day prior to the repurchase date;

         (b) The Repurchase Price shall be paid only in cash in the event any
shares of Common Stock to be issued upon repurchase of Notes hereunder (i)
require registration under any federal securities law before such shares may be
freely transferable without being subject to any transfer restrictions under the
Securities Act upon repurchase and if such registration is not completed or does
not become effective prior to the repurchase date, and/or (ii) require
registration with or approval of any governmental authority under any state law
or any other federal law before such shares may be validly issued or delivered
upon repurchase and if such registration is not completed or does not become
effective or such approval is not obtained prior to the repurchase date;

         (c) Payment of the Repurchase Price may not be made in Common Stock
unless such stock is, or shall have been, or approved for quotation on the
Nasdaq National Market or listed on a national securities exchange, in either
case, prior to the repurchase date; and

         (d) All shares of Common Stock which may be issued upon repurchase of
the Notes will be issued out of the Company's authorized but unissued Common
Stock and, will upon issue, be duly and validly issued and fully paid and
non-assessable and free of any preemptive rights.

         If all of the conditions set forth in this Section 16.3 are not
satisfied in accordance with the terms thereof, the Repurchase Price shall be
paid by the Company only in cash.

         Section 16.4. CERTAIN DEFINITIONS.  For purposes of this Article 16:


                                       76
<PAGE>

         (a) the term "beneficial owner" shall be determined in accordance with
Rule 13d-3 and 13d-5, as in effect on the date of the original execution of this
Indenture, promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the
Exchange Act;

         (b) the term "person" or "group" shall include any syndicate or group
which would be deemed to be a "person" under Section 13(d) and 14(d) of the
Exchange Act as in effect on the date of the original execution of this
Indenture; and

         (c) the term "Continuing Director" means at any date a member of the
Company's Board of Directors (i) who was a member of such board on December 31,
1999 or (ii) who was nominated or elected by at least a majority of the
directors who were Continuing Directors at the time of such nomination or
election or whose election to the Company's Board of Directors was recommended
or endorsed by at least a majority of the directors who were Continuing
Directors at the time of such nomination or election or such lesser number
comprising a majority of a nominating committee if authority for such
nominations or elections has been delegated to a nominating committee whose
authority and composition have been approved by at least a majority of the
directors who were continuing directors at the time such committee was formed.
(Under this definition, if the Board of Directors of the Company as of the date
of this Indenture were to approve a new director or directors and then resign,
no Change in Control would occur even though the current Board of Directors
would thereafter cease to be in office).

         (d) the term "Repurchase Event" means a Change in Control or a
Termination of Trading.

         (e) a "Change in Control" shall be deemed to have occurred when (i) any
"person" or "group" (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the
Exchange Act) is or becomes the "beneficial owner" (as defined in Rules 13-d3
and 13-d5 under the Exchange Act) of shares representing more than 50% of the
combined voting power of the then outstanding securities entitled to vote
generally in elections of directors of the Company (the "Voting Stock"); (ii)
approval by stockholders of the Company of any plan or proposal for the
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company; (iii) the Company (A)
consolidates with or merges into any other corporation or any other corporation
merges into the Company, and in the case of any such transaction, the
outstanding Common Stock of the Company is changed or exchanged into other
assets or securities as a result, unless the stockholders of the Company
immediately before such transaction own, directly or indirectly immediately
following such transaction, at least 51% of the combined voting power of the
outstanding voting securities of the corporation resulting from such transaction
in substantially the same proportion as their ownership of the Voting Stock
immediately before such transaction, or (B) conveys, transfers or leases all or
substantially all of its assets to any person; or (iv) any time Continuing
Directors do not constitute a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company
(or, if applicable, a successor corporation to the Company); PROVIDED that a
Change in Control shall not be deemed to have occurred if either (x) the Closing
Price (as defined in Section 15.5(h)(1) hereof) of the Common Stock for any five
(5) Trading Days during the ten (10) Trading Days immediately preceding the
Change in Control is at least equal to 105% of the Conversion Price in effect on
the date on


                                       77
<PAGE>

which the Change in Control occurs or (y) in the case of a merger or
consolidation otherwise constituting a Change in Control, all of the
consideration (excluding cash payments for fractional shares) in such merger or
consolidation constituting the Change in Control consists of common stock traded
on a United States national securities exchange or quoted on the Nasdaq National
Market (or which will be so traded or quoted when issued or exchanged in
connection with such Change in Control) and as a result of such transaction or
transactions such Notes become convertible solely into such common stock.

         (f) a "Termination of Trading" shall have occurred if the Common Stock
(or other common stock into which the Notes are then convertible) is neither
listed for trading on a United States national securities exchange nor approved
for trading on an established automated over-the-counter trading market in the
United States.

                                   ARTICLE 17.

                            MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

         Section 17.1. PROVISIONS BINDING ON COMPANY'S SUCCESSORS. All the
covenants, stipulations, promises and agreements of the Company in this
Indenture contained shall bind its successors and assigns whether so expressed
or not.

         Section 17.2. OFFICIAL ACTS BY SUCCESSOR CORPORATION. Any act or
proceeding by any provision of this Indenture authorized or required to be done
or performed by any board, committee or officer of the Company shall and may be
done and performed with like force and effect by the like board, committee or
officer of any corporation that shall at the time be the lawful sole successor
of the Company.

         Section 17.3. ADDRESSES FOR NOTICES, ETC. Any notice or demand which
by any provision of this Indenture is required or permitted to be given or
served by the Trustee or by the holders of Notes on the Company shall be deemed
to have been sufficiently given or made, for all purposes if given or served by
being deposited postage prepaid by registered or certified mail in a post office
letter box addressed (until another address is filed by the Company with the
Trustee) to 20 Second Avenue, Burlington, Massachusetts 01803, Attention: Chief
Financial Officer. Any notice, direction, request or demand hereunder to or upon
the Trustee shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given or made, for all
purposes, if given or served by being deposited postage prepaid by registered or
certified mail in a post office letter box addressed to the Corporate Trust
Office.

         The Trustee, by notice to the Company, may designate additional or
different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.


                                       78
<PAGE>

         Any notice or communication mailed to a Noteholder shall be mailed to
him by first class mail, postage prepaid, at his address as it appears on the
Note register and shall be sufficiently given to him if so mailed within the
time prescribed.

         Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Noteholder or any defect
in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Noteholders. If a
notice or communication is mailed in the manner provided above, it is duly
given, whether or not the addressee receives it.

         Section 17.4. GOVERNING LAW. This Indenture and each Note shall be
deemed to be a contract made under the laws of New York, and for all purposes
shall be construed in accordance with the laws of New York (without regard to
the conflict of laws provisions thereof).

         Section 17.5. EVIDENCE OF COMPLIANCE WITH CONDITIONS PRECEDENT;
CERTIFICATES TO TRUSTEE. Upon any application or demand by the Company to the
Trustee to take any action under any of the provisions of this Indenture, the
Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate stating that all
conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the
proposed action have been complied with, and an Opinion of Counsel stating that,
in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions precedent have been complied
with.

         Each certificate or opinion provided for by or on behalf of the Company
in this Indenture and delivered to the Trustee with respect to compliance with a
condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include (1) a
statement that the person making such certificate or opinion has read such
covenant or condition; (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the
examination or investigation upon which the statement or opinion contained in
such certificate or opinion is based; (3) a statement that, in the opinion of
such person, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to
enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or
condition has been complied with; and (4) a statement as to whether or not, in
the opinion of such person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

         Section 17.6. LEGAL HOLIDAYS. In any case where the date of maturity
of interest on or principal of the Notes or the date fixed for redemption of any
Note will not be a Business Day, then payment of such interest on or principal
of the Notes need not be made on such date, but may be made on the next
succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on the date of
maturity or the date fixed for redemption, and no interest shall accrue for the
period from and after such date.

         Section 17.7. NO SECURITY INTEREST CREATED. Nothing in this Indenture
or in the Notes, expressed or implied, shall be construed to constitute a
security interest under the Uniform Commercial Code or similar legislation, as
now or hereafter enacted and in effect, in any jurisdiction.

         Section 17.8. TRUST INDENTURE ACT. This Indenture is hereby made
subject to, and shall be governed by, the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act
required to be part of and to govern


                                       79
<PAGE>

indentures qualified under the Trust Indenture Act. If any provision hereof
limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision hereof which is required
to be included in an indenture qualified under the Trust Indenture Act, such
required provision shall control.

         Section 17.9. BENEFITS OF INDENTURE. Nothing in this Indenture or in
the Notes, expressed or implied, shall give to any person, other than the
parties hereto, any paying agent, any authenticating agent, any Note registrar
and their successors hereunder, the holders of Notes and the holders of Senior
Indebtedness, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under
this Indenture.

         Section 17.10. TABLE OF CONTENTS, HEADINGS, ETC. The table of contents
and the titles and headings of the articles and sections of this Indenture have
been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part
hereof, and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions
hereof.

         Section 17.11. AUTHENTICATING AGENT. The Trustee may appoint an
authenticating agent which shall be authorized to act on its behalf and subject
to its direction in the authentication and delivery of Notes in connection with
the original issuance thereof and transfers and exchanges of Notes hereunder,
including under Sections 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7 and 3.3, as fully to all intents and
purposes as though the authenticating agent had been expressly authorized by
this Indenture and those Sections to authenticate and deliver Notes. For all
purposes of this Indenture, the authentication and delivery of Notes by the
authenticating agent shall be deemed to be authentication and delivery of such
Notes "by the Trustee" and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of
the Trustee by an authenticating agent shall be deemed to satisfy any
requirement hereunder or in the Notes for the Trustee's certificate of
authentication. Such authenticating agent shall at all times be a person
eligible to serve as trustee hereunder pursuant to Section 8.9.

         Any corporation into which any authenticating agent may be merged or
converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting
from any merger, consolidation or conversion to which any authenticating agent
shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate trust business
of any authenticating agent, shall be the successor of the authenticating agent
hereunder, if such successor corporation is otherwise eligible under this
Section, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the
part of the parties hereto or the authenticating agent or such successor
corporation.

         Any authenticating agent may at any time resign by giving written
notice of resignation to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any
time terminate the agency of any authenticating agent by giving written notice
of termination to such authenticating agent and to the Company. Upon receiving
such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time
any authenticating agent shall cease to be eligible under this Section, the
Trustee shall promptly appoint a successor authenticating agent (which may be
the Trustee), shall give written notice of such appointment to the Company and
shall mail notice of such appointment to all holders of Notes as the names and
addresses of such holders appear on the Note register.


                                       80
<PAGE>

         The Trustee agrees to pay to the authenticating agent from time to time
reasonable compensation for its services (to the extent pre-approved by the
Company in writing), and the Trustee shall be entitled to be reimbursed for such
pre-approved payments, subject to Section 8.6.

         The provisions of Sections 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 9.3 and this Section 17.11
shall be applicable to any authenticating agent.

         Section 17.12. EXECUTION IN COUNTERPARTS. This Indenture may be
executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but
such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

         [The Bank of New York] hereby accepts the trusts in this Indenture
declared and provided, upon the terms and conditions hereinabove set forth.

                                       81
<PAGE>

         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be
duly executed as of the date first written above.

                                  IBASIS, INC.

                                  By:       /s/ Gordon J. VanderBrug
                                            ----------------------------
                                      Name:     Gordon J. VanderBrug
                                            ----------------------------
                                      Title:    Executive Vice President
                                            ----------------------------

Attest:


/s/ Erin C. Hartigan
------------------------------
Name:  Erin C. Hartigan
       -----------------------
Title: Executive Assistant
       -----------------------
          [Corporate Seal]

                                  THE BANK OF NEW YORK,
                                  as Trustee

                                  By: /s/ Michael Culhane
                                      --------------------------------
                                      Name:  Michael Culhane
                                             -------------------------
                                      Title: Vice President
                                             -------------------------


                                       82
<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT A

                                  FORM OF NOTE

[THE FOLLOWING LEGEND SHALL APPEAR ON THE FACE OF EACH GLOBAL NOTE:

         THIS NOTE IS A GLOBAL NOTE WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE
HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE DEPOSITARY OR A
NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY, WHICH MAY BE TREATED BY THE COMPANY, THE TRUSTEE AND
ANY AGENT THEREOF AS OWNER AND HOLDER OF THIS NOTE FOR ALL PURPOSES.

         UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF
THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION ("DTC"), TO THE COMPANY OR
ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE
ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS
REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO
CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED
REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR
OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER
HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.

         UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR NOTES IN
DEFINITIVE REGISTERED FORM IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES REFERRED TO IN THE
INDENTURE, THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE
DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY TO
THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY
SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR
DEPOSITARY.]


                                      A-1
<PAGE>

                                  IBASIS, INC.

                       ____% CONVERTIBLE SUBORDINATED NOTE
                                    DUE 2005

No. ________________                               U.S.$___________________

CUSIP NO. ______________

         IBASIS, INC., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws
of the State of Delaware (herein called the "Company", which term includes any
successor person under the Indenture referred to on the reverse hereof), for
value received, hereby promises to pay to ________________________, the
principal sum of ________ United States Dollars (U.S.$______ ) (which principal
amount may from time to time be increased or decreased to such other principal
amounts (which, taken together with the principal amounts of all other
outstanding Notes under the Indenture, shall not exceed U.S.$172,500,000 in the
aggregate at any time) by adjustments made on the records of the Trustee
hereinafter referred to in accordance with the Indenture) on _____________, 2005
and to pay interest thereon, from _______________, 2000, or from the most recent
Interest Payment Date (as defined below) to which interest has been paid or duly
provided for, semi-annually in arrears on ________ and __________ in each year
(each, an "Interest Payment Date"), commencing ___________, 2000, at the rate of
____% per annum, until the principal hereof is due, and at the rate of ___% per
annum on any overdue principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent permitted
by law, on any overdue interest. The interest so payable, and punctually paid or
duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date will, as provided in the
Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose name this Note (or one or more
Predecessor Notes) is registered at the close of business on the record date
with respect to any interest payment date, which shall be the __________ or
_________ (whether or not a Business Day), as the case may be, next preceding
such interest payment date. Except as otherwise provided in the Indenture, any
such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for ("Defaulted Interest)
will forthwith cease to be payable to the Noteholder on the relevant record date
by virtue of his having been such Noteholder and may either be paid to the
Person in whose name this Note (or one or more Predecessor Note) is registered
at the close of business on a special record date for the payment of such
Defaulted Interest to be fixed in accordance with the Indenture or be paid at
any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of
any automated quotation system or securities exchange on which the Notes may be
quoted or listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, all
as more fully provided in the Indenture. Payments of principal shall be made
upon the surrender of this Note at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, or
at such other office or agency of the Company as may be designated by the
Company for such purpose in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, in
such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment
shall be legal tender for the payment of public and private debts, by United
States Dollar check drawn on, or transfer to, a United States Dollar account.
Payments of interest on this Note may be made by United States Dollar check,
drawn on a United States Dollar Account, mailed to the address of the Person
entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Note


                                      A-2
<PAGE>

Registry, or, upon written application by the Noteholder to the Trustee setting
forth wire instructions not later than two days prior to the applicable record
date, by transfer to a United States Dollar account; provided, however, that
transfers to United States Dollar accounts will be made only to Noteholders of
an aggregate principal amount of Notes in excess of $2,000,000; provided,
further that any payment to the Depositary or its nominee shall be made by wire
transfer of immediately available funds to the account of the Depositary or its
nominee.

         Except as specifically provided herein and in the Indenture, the
Company shall not be required to make any payment with respect to any tax,
assessment or other governmental charge imposed by any government or any
political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein.

         Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Note set
forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes
have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

         Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by
the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof or an authenticating agent by the
manual signature of one of their respective authorized signatories, this Note
shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or
obligatory for any purpose.


                                      A-3
<PAGE>

         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be duly
executed and delivered under its corporate seal.

                                  IBASIS, INC.

[Corporate Seal]

                                  By: _____________________________________
                                      Name: _______________________________
                                      Title: ______________________________


                                  By: _____________________________________
                                      Name: _______________________________
                                      Title: ______________________________

Attest:


__________________________
Name:
Title:

                    (Trustee's Certificate of Authentication)

        This is one of the _____% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2005
referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

                                  [THE BANK OF NEW YORK], as Trustee

                                  By: ____________________________________
                                         Authorized Signatory


                                      A-4
<PAGE>

                                [FORM OF REVERSE]

         This Note is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the
Company designated as its "___% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2005" (herein
called the "Notes"), limited in aggregate principal amount to U.S. $172,500,000,
issued and to be issued under an Indenture, dated as of ____________, 2000
(herein called the "Indenture"), between the Company and [The Bank of New York],
as Trustee (herein called the "Trustee", which term includes any successor
trustee under the Indenture) to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental
thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights,
limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the
Trustee, the holders of senior indebtedness and the holders of the Notes and of
the terms upon which the Notes are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered.
As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set
forth, Notes are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of Notes of
any authorized denominations as requested by the holder surrendering the same
upon surrender of the Note or Notes to be exchanged, initially, at the Corporate
Trust Office of the Trustee. The Trustee upon such surrender by the holder will
issue the new Notes in the requested denominations.

         No sinking fund is provided for the Notes.

         The Notes are subject to Provisional Redemption by the Company, in
whole or in part, at any time prior to _____________, 2003, upon notice as set
forth in Section 3.2 of the Indenture, at a redemption price equal to $1,000 per
Note to be redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the Provisional
Redemption Date if (i) the closing price of the Common Stock shall have exceeded
150% of the Conversion Price then in effect for at least 20 Trading Days in any
consecutive 30-Trading Day period ending on the Trading Day prior to the Notice
Date. Upon any such Provisional Redemption, the Company shall make a Make-Whole
Payment with respect to the Notes called for redemption to holders on the Notice
Date in an amount equal to $_____ per $1,000 Note, less the amount of any
interest actually paid on such Note prior to the Notice Date. The Company shall
make the Make-Whole Payment on all Notes called for Provisional Redemption,
including any Notes converted into Common Stock pursuant to the terms of the
Indenture after the Notice Date and prior to the Provisional Redemption Date.

         The Notes are also subject to redemption at the option of the Company
at any time on or after ____________, 2003, in whole or in part, upon not less
than 20 nor more than 60 days' notice to the holders prior to the date fixed for
redemption at the following optional redemption prices (expressed as percentages
of the principal amount) for the twelve-month period beginning on _______ of the
following years:

               YEAR                      REDEMPTION PRICE

               2003                        ________%

               2004                        ________%


                                      A-5
<PAGE>

and on ________, 2005 and thereafter at an optional redemption price equal to
100% of the principal amount, together, in each case, with accrued and unpaid
interest to (but excluding) the date fixed for redemption; provided, however,
that interest installments on Notes will be payable to the holders of such
Notes, or one or more Predecessor Notes, of record at the close of business on
the relevant record dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the
Indenture.

         None of the Company, the Trustee, the Note registrar or any
co-registrar shall be required to exchange or register a transfer of (a) any
Notes for a period of fifteen (15) days next preceding any selection of Notes to
be redeemed or (b) any Notes called for redemption or, if a portion of any Note
is selected or called for redemption, such portion thereof selected or called
for redemption or (c) any Notes surrendered for conversion or, if a portion of
any Note is surrendered for conversion, such portion thereof surrendered for
conversion or (d) any Notes, or a portion of any Note, surrendered for
repurchase (and not withdrawn) in connection with a Repurchase Event.

         In any case where the due date for the payment of the principal of,
premium, if any, or interest on any Note or the last day on which a holder of a
Note has a right to convert his Note shall not be a Business Day, then payment
of principal, premium, if any, interest or delivery for conversion of such Note
need not be made on or by such date at such place but may be made on or by the
next succeeding Business Day, with the same force and effect as if made on the
date for such payment or the date fixed for redemption or repurchase, or by such
last day for conversion, and no interest shall accrue on the amount so payable
for the period after such date.

         Subject to and upon compliance with the provisions of the Indenture,
the holder of this Note is entitled, at his option, at any time following the
original issue date of the Notes and on or before the close of business on the
Business Day immediately preceding ____________, 2005, or in case this Note or a
portion hereof is called for redemption or the holder hereof has exercised his
right to require the Company to repurchase this Note or such portion hereof,
then in respect of this Note until but (unless the Company defaults in making
the payment due upon redemption or repurchase, as the case may be) not after,
the close of business on Business Day immediately preceding the any optional
redemption date or Provisional Redemption Date or the date fixed for repurchase,
as the case may be, to convert this Note (or any portion of the principal amount
hereof that is an integral multiple of U.S.$1,000, provided that the unconverted
portion of such principal amount is U.S.$1,000 or any integral multiple of
U.S.$1,000 in excess thereof) into fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common
Stock of the Company at an initial Conversion Rate of _______ shares of Common
Stock for each $1,000 principal amount of Notes (or at the current adjusted
Conversion Rate if an adjustment has been made as provided in the Indenture,
including pursuant to Section 15.5 of the Indenture) by surrender of this Note,
duly endorsed and, in case such surrender shall be made during the period from
the close of business on any record date next preceding any interest payment
date to the opening of business on such Interest Payment Date (except if this
Note or portion thereof has been called for redemption on a Provisional
Redemption Date or optional redemption date or is repurchasable on a date fixed
for repurchase), also accompanied by payment in New York Clearing House or other
funds


                                      A-6
<PAGE>

acceptable to the Company of an amount equal to the interest payable on such
interest payment date on the principal amount of this Note then being converted,
and also the conversion notice hereon duly executed, to the Company at the
Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, or at such other office or agency of the
Company, subject to any laws or regulations applicable thereto and subject to
the right of the Company to terminate the appointment of any Conversion Agent
(as defined below) as may be designated by it for such purpose in the Borough of
Manhattan, The City of New York, or at such other offices or agencies as the
Company may designate (each a "Conversion Agent"), provided, however, that if
this Note or portion hereof has been called for redemption on a Provisional
Redemption Date or optional redemption date or is repurchasable on a repurchase
rate, then the holder of this Note on such record date will be entitled to
receive the interest accruing hereon from the interest payment date next
preceding the date of such conversion to such succeeding interest payment date
and the holder of this Note who converts this Note or a portion hereof during
such period shall not be required to pay such interest upon surrender of this
Note for conversion. Subject to the provisions of the preceding sentence, no
cash payment or adjustment is to be made on conversion for interest accrued
hereon from the interest payment date next preceding the day of conversion, or
for dividends on the Common Stock issued on conversion hereof. The Company shall
thereafter deliver to the holder the fixed number of shares of Common Stock
(together with any cash adjustment, as provided in the Indenture) into which
this Note is convertible and such delivery will be deemed to satisfy the
Company's obligation to pay the principal amount of this Note. No fractions of
shares or scrip representing fractions of shares will be issued on conversion,
but instead of any fractional interest (calculated to the nearest 1/100th of a
share) the Company shall pay a cash adjustment as provided in the Indenture. The
Conversion Rate is subject to adjustment as provided in the Indenture. In
addition, the Indenture provides that in case of certain consolidations or
mergers to which the Company is a party (other than a consolidation or merger
that does not result in any reclassification, conversion, exchange or
cancellation of the Common Stock) or the conveyance, transfer, sale or lease of
all or substantially all of the property and assets of the Company, the
Indenture shall be amended, without the consent of any holders of Notes, so that
this Note, if then outstanding, will be convertible thereafter, during the
period this Note shall be convertible as specified above, only into the kind and
amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such
consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer, sale or lease by a holder of the
number of shares of Common Stock of the Company into which this Note could have
been converted immediately prior to such consolidation, merger, conveyance,
transfer, sale or lease (subject to the provisions of, and as more explicitly
set forth in, the Indenture). No adjustment in the Conversion Rate will be made
until such adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least one
percent of such price, provided that any adjustment that would otherwise be made
will be carried forward and taken into account in the computation of any
subsequent adjustment. At any time of determination, the term "Conversion Price"
shall mean an amount equal U.S.$1,000 divided by the Conversion Rate (rounded to
the nearest cent)

         If a Repurchase Event occurs, the holder of this Note, at the holder's
option, shall have the right, in accordance with the provisions of the
Indenture, to require the Company to repurchase this Note (or any portion of the
principal amount hereof that is at least $1,000 or an


                                      A-7
<PAGE>

integral multiple) for cash at a price equal to 105% of the principal amount
thereof plus interest accrued to the repurchase date. At the option of the
Company, the Repurchase Price may be paid in cash or, subject to the conditions
provided in the Indenture, by delivery of shares of Common Stock having a fair
market value equal to the Repurchase Price. For purposes of this paragraph, the
fair market value of shares of Common Stock shall be determined by the Company
and shall be equal to 95% of the average of the Closing Prices Per Share for the
five consecutive Trading Days immediately preceding and including the third
Trading Day prior to the repurchase date. Whenever in this Note there is a
reference, in any context, to the principal of any Note as of any time, such
reference shall be deemed to include reference to the Repurchase Price payable
in respect of such Note to the extent that such Repurchase Price is, was or
would be so payable at such time, and express mention of the Repurchase Price in
any provision of this Note shall not be construed as excluding the Repurchase
Price so payable in those provisions of this Note when such express mention is
not made; provided, however, that, for the purposes of the second succeeding
paragraph, such reference shall be deemed to include reference to the Repurchase
Price only to the extent the Repurchase Price is payable in cash.

         [The following paragraph shall appear in each Global Security:

         In the event of a deposit or withdrawal of an interest in this Note,
including an exchange, transfer, redemption, repurchase or conversion of this
Note in part only, the Trustee, as custodian of the Depositary, shall make an
adjustment on its records to reflect such deposit or withdrawal in accordance
with the rules and procedures of The Depository Trust Company applicable to, and
as in effect at the time of, such transaction.]

         [The following paragraph shall appear in each Note that is not a Global
Security:

         In the event of redemption, repurchase or conversion of this Note in
part only, a new Note or Notes for the unredeemed, unrepurchased or unconverted
portion hereof will be issued in the name of the holder hereof.]

         The indebtedness evidenced by this Note is, to the extent and in the
manner provided in the Indenture, subordinate and subject in right of payment to
the prior payment in full in cash of all senior indebtedness of the Company, and
this Note is issued subject to such provisions of the Indenture with respect
thereto. Each holder of this Note, by accepting the same, (a) agrees to and
shall be bound by such provisions, (b) authorizes and directs the Trustee on his
behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the
subordination so provided and (c) appoints the Trustee his attorney-in-fact for
any and all such purposes.

         If an Event of Default shall occur and be continuing, the principal of
all the Notes, together with accrued interest to the date of declaration, may be
declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the
Indenture. Upon payment (i) of the amount of principal so declared due and
payable, together with accrued interest to the date of declaration, and (ii) of
interest on any overdue principal and, to the extent permitted by applicable
law,


                                      A-8
<PAGE>

overdue interest, all of the Company's obligations in respect of the payment of
the principal of and interest on the Notes shall terminate.

         The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the
amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the
Company and the rights of the holders of the Notes under the Indenture at any
time by the Company and the Trustee with either (a) the written consent of the
holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Notes at the time
outstanding, or (b) by the adoption of a resolution, at a meeting of holders of
the Outstanding Notes at which a quorum is present, by the holders of at least
66-2/3% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Notes represented and
entitled to vote at such meeting. The Indenture also contains provisions
permitting the holders of specified percentages in principal amount of the Notes
at the time outstanding, on behalf of the holders of all the Notes, to waive
compliance by the Company with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain
past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or
waiver by the holder of this Note shall be conclusive and binding upon such
holder and upon all future holders of this Note and of any Note issued in
exchange herefor or in lieu hereof whether or not notation of such consent or
waiver is made upon this Note or such other Note.

         As provided in and subject to the provisions of the Indenture, the
holder of this Note shall not have the right to institute any proceeding with
respect to the Indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee or for
any other remedy thereunder, unless such holder shall have previously given the
Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default, the holders of not less
than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Notes shall have made written
request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of
Default as Trustee and offered the Trustee reasonable indemnity and the Trustee
shall not have received from the holders of a majority in principal amount of
the outstanding Notes a direction inconsistent with such request, and shall have
failed to institute any such proceeding, for 60 days after receipt of such
notice, request and offer of indemnity. The foregoing shall not apply to any
suit instituted by the holder of this Note for the enforcement of any payment of
principal hereof, premiums if any, or interest hereon on or after the respective
due dates expressed herein or for the enforcement of the right to convert this
Note as provided in the Indenture.

         No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Note or
of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is
absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and
interest on this Note at the times, places and rate, and in the coin or
currency, herein prescribed or to convert this Note as provided in the
Indenture.

         As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein
set forth, the transfer of this Note is registrable on the Note register upon
surrender of this Note for registration of transfer at the Corporate Trust
Office of the Trustee or at such other office or agency of the Company as may be
designated by it for such purpose in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New
York (which shall initially be an office or agency of the Trustee), or at such
other offices or agencies as the Company may designate, duly endorsed by, or
accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the
Company and the


                                      A-9
<PAGE>

Note registrar duly executed by, the holder thereof or his attorney duly
authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Notes, of authorized
denominations and for the same aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the
designated transferee or transferees by the Note registrar. No service charge
shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company
may require payment of a sum sufficient to recover any tax or other governmental
charge payable in connection therewith, other than as provided in the Indenture.

         Prior to due presentation of this Note for registration of transfer,
the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat
the Person in whose name Note is registered, as the owner thereof for all
purposes, whether or not such Note be overdue, and neither the Company, the
Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

         No recourse for the payment of the principal (and premium, if any) or
interest on this Note and no recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or
agreement of the Company in the Indenture or any indenture supplemental thereto
or in any Note, or because of the creation of any indebtedness represented
thereby, shall be had against any incorporator, stockholder, employee, agent,
officer or director or subsidiary, as such, past, present or future, of the
Company or of any successor corporation, either directly or through the Company
or any successor corporation, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or
rule of law or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise, all
such liability being, by the acceptance hereof and as part of consideration for
the issue hereof, expressly waived and released.

         THE INDENTURE AND THIS NOTE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN
ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS THEREOF).

         All terms used in this Note which are defined in the Indenture shall
have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.


                                      A-10
<PAGE>

                                  ABBREVIATIONS

         The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription of the face
of this Note, shall be construed as though they were written out in full
according to applicable laws or regulations:

         TEN COM           -    as tenants in common

         TEN ENT           -    as tenants by the entireties (Cust)

         JT TEN            -    as joint tenants with right of survivorship and
                                not as tenants in common

         UNIF GIFT MIN ACT -    _________________ Custodian _____________
                                                               (Minor)
                                 under Uniform Gifts to Minors Act _____________
                                                                     (State)

         Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above list.


                                      A-11
<PAGE>

                    ELECTION OF HOLDER TO REQUIRE REPURCHASE

         (1) Pursuant to Article 16 of the Indenture, the undersigned hereby
elects to have this Note repurchased by the Company.

         (2) The undersigned hereby directs the Trustee or the Company to pay to
the undersigned an amount in cash or, at the Company's election, Common Stock
valued as set forth in the Indenture, equal to 100% of the principal amount to
be repurchased (as set forth below), plus interest accrued to the Repurchase
Date, as provided in the Indenture.

                               Dated: _________________________________________
                               ________________________________________________
                               ________________________________________________

                               Signature(s)

                               Signature(s) must be guaranteed by an Eligible
                               Guarantor Institution with membership in an
                               approved signature guarantee program pursuant to
                               Rule 17Ad-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of
                               1934.

                               ________________________________________________
                               Signature Guaranteed

Principal amount to be repurchased (at least U.S. $1,000 or an integral multiple
thereof $1,000): _______________________________

Remaining principal amount following such repurchase:
_________________________________

NOTICE: The signature to the foregoing Election must correspond to the Name as
written upon the face of this Note in every particular, without alteration or
any change whatsoever.


                                      A-12
<PAGE>

                                CONVERSION NOTICE

         The undersigned holder of this Note hereby irrevocably exercises the
option to convert this Note, or any portion of the principal amount hereof
(which is U.S.$1,000 or an integral multiple of U.S.$1,000 in excess thereof,
PROVIDED that the unconverted portion of such principal amount is U.S. $1,000 or
any integral multiple of U.S. $1,000 in excess thereof) below designated, into
shares of Common Stock in accordance with the terms of the Indenture referred to
in this Note, and directs that such shares, together with a check in payment for
any fractional share and any Notes representing any unconverted principal amount
hereof, be delivered to and be registered in the name of the undersigned unless
a different name has been indicated below. If shares of Common Stock or Notes
are to be registered in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, (a) the
undersigned will pay all transfer taxes payable with respect thereto and (b)
signature(s) must be guaranteed by an Eligible Guarantor Institution with
membership in an approved signature guarantee program pursuant to Rule 17Ad-15
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Any amount required to be paid by the
undersigned on account of interest accompanies this Note.

Dated: _____________________      ________________________________________

                                  ________________________________________
                                  Signature(s)

If shares or Notes are to be registered in the name of a Person other than the
holder, please print such Person's name and address:

_______________________________
         Name


_______________________________
         Address


_______________________________
Social Security or other Identification
Number, if any


_______________________________
Signature Guaranteed


                                      A-13
<PAGE>

If only a portion of the Notes is to be converted, please indicate:

1.    Principal amount to be converted:

               U.S. $ ___________

2.    Principal amount and denomination of Notes representing unconverted
      principal amount to be issued:

               Amount U.S. $___________

      (U.S.$1,000 or any integral multiple of U.S.$1,000 in excess thereof,
      provided that the unconverted portion of such principal amount is U.S.
      $1,000 or any integral multiple of U.S. $1,000 in excess thereof)


                                      A-14
<PAGE>

                               FORM OF ASSIGNMENT

         For value received ________________ hereby sell(s), assign(s) and
transfer(s) unto ________________ (Please insert social security or other
identifying number of assignee) the within Note, and hereby irrevocably
constitutes and appoints ____________________ as attorney to transfer the said
Note on the books of the Company, with full power of substitution in the
premises.

Dated: _____________________      ________________________________________

                                  ________________________________________
                                  Signature(s)

                                  Signature(s) must be guaranteed by an Eligible
                                  Guarantor Institution with membership in an
                                  approved signature guarantee program pursuant
                                  to Rule 17Ad-15 under the Securities Exchange
                                  Act of 1934.


                                      A-15
<PAGE>

================================================================================

                                  IBASIS, INC.

                                       and

                             [THE BANK OF NEW YORK]

                                   AS TRUSTEE

                            -------------------------

                                    INDENTURE

                        DATED AS OF __________ ___, 2000

================================================================================

                   __% CONVERTIBLE SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2005
<PAGE>

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                                                                 PAGE

<S>               <C>                                                                                            <C>
ARTICLE 1. DEFINITIONS                                                                                            2
   Section 1.1.   DEFINITIONS                                                                                     2

ARTICLE 2 ISSUE, DESCRIPTION, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION AND EXCHANGE OF NOTES                                       8
   Section 2.1.   DESIGNATION, AMOUNT AND ISSUE OF NOTES                                                          8
   Section 2.2.   FORM OF NOTES.                                                                                  8
   Section 2.3.   DATE AND DENOMINATION OF NOTES; PAYMENTS OF INTEREST                                            9
   Section 2.4.   EXECUTION OF NOTES                                                                             10
   Section 2.5.   EXCHANGE AND REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER OF NOTES; DEPOSITARY                                     11
   Section 2.6.   MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST OR STOLEN NOTES                                                     13
   Section 2.7.   TEMPORARY NOTES                                                                                14
   Section 2.8.   CANCELLATION OF NOTES PAID, ETC.                                                               15

ARTICLE 3.  REDEMPTION OF NOTES                                                                                  15
   Section 3.1.   REDEMPTION PRICES                                                                              15
   Section 3.2.   NOTICE OF REDEMPTION; SELECTION OF NOTES                                                       16
   Section 3.3.   PAYMENT OF NOTES CALLED FOR REDEMPTION                                                         17
   Section 3.4.   CONVERSION ARRANGEMENT ON CALL FOR REDEMPTION                                                  18

ARTICLE 4.  SUBORDINATION OF NOTES                                                                               19
   Section 4.1.   AGREEMENT OF SUBORDINATION                                                                     19
   Section 4.2.   PAYMENTS TO NOTEHOLDERS                                                                        19
   Section 4.3.   BANKRUPTCY AND DISSOLUTION, ETC.                                                               21
   Section 4.4.   SUBROGATION OF NOTES                                                                           22
   Section 4.5.   AUTHORIZATION BY NOTEHOLDERS                                                                   23
   Section 4.6.   NOTICE TO TRUSTEE                                                                              23
   Section 4.7.   TRUSTEE'S RELATION TO SENIOR INDEBTEDNESS                                                      25
   Section 4.8.   NO IMPAIRMENT OF SUBORDINATION                                                                 25
   Section 4.9.   CERTAIN CONVERSIONS DEEMED PAYMENT                                                             25

ARTICLE 5.  PARTICULAR COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY                                                                  26
   Section 5.1.   PAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL, PREMIUM AND INTEREST                                                     26
   Section 5.2.   MAINTENANCE OF OFFICE OR AGENCY                                                                26
   Section 5.3.   APPOINTMENTS TO FILL VACANCIES IN TRUSTEE'S OFFICE                                             27
   Section 5.4.   PROVISIONS AS TO PAYING AGENT                                                                  27
   Section 5.5.   EXISTENCE                                                                                      28
   Section 5.6.   RESERVED                                                                                       28
   Section 5.7.   STAY, EXTENSION AND USURY LAWS                                                                 28
   Section 5.8.   COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE                                                                         28
   Section 5.9.   FURTHER INSTRUMENTS AND ACTS                                                                   29
   Section 5.10.  Payment of Taxes and Other Claims                                                              29

ARTICLE 6.  NOTEHOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE                                        29
   Section 6.1.   NOTEHOLDERS' LISTS                                                                             29
   Section 6.2.   PRESERVATION AND DISCLOSURE OF LISTS                                                           30
   Section 6.3.   REPORTS BY TRUSTEE                                                                             30
   Section 6.4.   REPORTS BY COMPANY                                                                             30

ARTICLE 7.  DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES                                                                                31
   Section 7.1.   EVENTS OF DEFAULT                                                                              31
   Section 7.2.   PAYMENTS OF NOTES ON DEFAULT; SUIT THEREFOR                                                    34
   Section 7.3.   APPLICATION OF MONIES COLLECTED BY TRUSTEE                                                     35
<PAGE>

   Section 7.4.   PROCEEDINGS BY NOTEHOLDER                                                                      36
   Section 7.5.   PROCEEDINGS BY TRUSTEE                                                                         37
   Section 7.6.   REMEDIES CUMULATIVE AND CONTINUING                                                             37
   Section 7.7.   DIRECTION OF PROCEEDINGS AND WAIVER OF DEFAULTS BY MAJORITY OF NOTEHOLDERS.                    37
   Section 7.8.   NOTICE OF DEFAULTS.                                                                            38
   Section 7.9.   UNDERTAKING TO PAY COSTS.                                                                      38
   Section 7.10.  DELAY OR OMISSION NOT WAIVER                                                                   38

ARTICLE 8  CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE                                                                                39
   Section 8.1.   DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF TRUSTEE.                                                        39
   Section 8.2.   RELIANCE ON DOCUMENTS, OPINIONS, ETC.                                                          40
   Section 8.3.   NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR RECITALS, ETC.                                                           41
   Section 8.4.   TRUSTEE, PAYING AGENTS, CONVERSION AGENTS OR REGISTRAR MAY OWN NOTES.                          41
   Section 8.5.   MONIES TO BE HELD IN TRUST.                                                                    41
   Section 8.6.   COMPENSATION AND EXPENSES OF TRUSTEE.                                                          42
   Section 8.7.   OFFICERS' CERTIFICATE AS EVIDENCE.                                                             42
   Section 8.8.   CONFLICTING INTERESTS OF TRUSTEE.                                                              43
   Section 8.9.   ELIGIBILITY OF TRUSTEE.                                                                        43
   Section 8.10.  RESIGNATION OR REMOVAL OF TRUSTEE.                                                             43
   Section 8.11.  ACCEPTANCE BY SUCCESSOR TRUSTEE                                                                44
   Section 8.12.  SUCCESSION BY MERGER, ETC.                                                                     45
   Section 8.13.  LIMITATION ON RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE AS CREDITOR                                                    45

ARTICLE 9  CONCERNING THE NOTEHOLDERS                                                                            46
   Section 9.1.   ACTION BY NOTEHOLDERS                                                                          46
   Section 9.2.   PROOF OF EXECUTION BY NOTEHOLDERS.                                                             46
   Section 9.3.   WHO ARE DEEMED ABSOLUTE OWNERS                                                                 46
   Section 9.4.   COMPANY-OWNED NOTES DISREGARDED                                                                47
   Section 9.5.   REVOCATION OF CONSENTS; FUTURE HOLDERS BOUND                                                   47

ARTICLE 10. NOTEHOLDERS' MEETINGS                                                                                47
   Section 10.1.    PURPOSE OF MEETINGS                                                                          47
   Section 10.2.    CALL OF MEETINGS BY TRUSTEE                                                                  48
   Section 10.3.    QUORUM                                                                                       48
   Section 10.4.    CALL OF MEETINGS BY COMPANY OR NOTEHOLDERS                                                   49
   Section 10.5.    QUALIFICATIONS FOR VOTING                                                                    49
   Section 10.6.    REGULATIONS                                                                                  49
   Section 10.7.    VOTING                                                                                       50
   Section 10.8.    NO DELAY OF RIGHTS BY MEETING                                                                50

ARTICLE 11.  SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES                                                                             51
   Section 11.1.    SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITHOUT CONSENT OF NOTEHOLDERS                                       51
   Section 11.2.    SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITH CONSENT OF NOTEHOLDERS                                          52
   Section 11.3.    EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES                                                            53
   Section 11.4.    NOTATION ON NOTES                                                                            54
   Section 11.5.    Evidence of Compliance of Supplemental Indenture to Be Furnished Trustee                     54

ARTICLE 12. CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, SALE, CONVEYANCE AND LEASE                                                    54
   Section 12.1.    COMPANY MAY CONSOLIDATE, ETC. ON CERTAIN TERMS                                               54
   Section 12.2.    SUCCESSOR CORPORATION TO BE SUBSTITUTED                                                      55
   Section 12.3.    OPINION OF COUNSEL TO BE GIVEN TRUSTEE                                                       56

ARTICLE 13.  SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE                                                             56
   Section 13.1.    DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE                                                                       56
   Section 13.2.    DEPOSITED MONIES TO BE HELD IN TRUST BY TRUSTEE                                              56
   Section 13.3.    PAYING AGENT TO REPAY MONIES HELD                                                            57
   Section 13.4.    RETURN OF UNCLAIMED MONIES                                                                   57
<PAGE>

   Section 13.5.    REINSTATEMENT                                                                                57

ARTICLE 14. IMMUNITY OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS                                      57
   Section 14.1.    INDENTURE AND NOTES SOLELY CORPORATE OBLIGATIONS                                             57

ARTICLE 15.  CONVERSION OF NOTES                                                                                 58
   Section 15.1.    RIGHT TO CONVERT                                                                             58
   Section 15.2.    EXERCISE OF CONVERSION PRIVILEGE; ISSUANCE OF COMMON STOCK ON CONVERSION;
   NO ADJUSTMENT FOR INTEREST OR DIVIDENDS                                                                       58
   Section 15.3.    CASH PAYMENTS IN LIEU OF FRACTIONAL SHARES                                                   60
   Section 15.4.    CONVERSION PRICE                                                                             60
   Section 15.5.    ADJUSTMENT OF CONVERSION PRICE                                                               61
   Section 15.6.    EFFECT OF RECLASSIFICATION, CONSOLIDATION, MERGER OR SALE                                    70
   Section 15.7.    TAXES ON SHARES ISSUED                                                                       72
   Section 15.8.    RESERVATION OF SHARES; SHARES TO BE FULLY PAID; LISTING OF COMMON STOCK                      72
   Section 15.9.    RESPONSIBILITY OF TRUSTEE                                                                    72
   Section 15.10.   NOTICE TO HOLDERS PRIOR TO CERTAIN ACTIONS                                                   73

ARTICLE 16.  REPURCHASE UPON A REPURCHASE EVENT                                                                  74
   Section 16.1.    REPURCHASE RIGHT                                                                             74
   Section 16.2.    NOTICES; METHOD OF EXERCISING REPURCHASE RIGHT, ETC.                                         74
   Section 16.3.    CONDITIONS TO THE COMPANY'S ELECTION TO PAY THE REPURCHASE PRICE IN COMMON STOCK             77
   Section 16.4.    CERTAIN DEFINITIONS                                                                          78

ARTICLE 17.  MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS                                                                            79
   Section 17.1.    PROVISIONS BINDING ON COMPANY'S SUCCESSORS                                                   79
   Section 17.2.    OFFICIAL ACTS BY SUCCESSOR CORPORATION                                                       79
   Section 17.3.    ADDRESSES FOR NOTICES, ETC                                                                   79
   Section 17.4.    GOVERNING LAW                                                                                80
   Section 17.5.    EVIDENCE OF COMPLIANCE WITH CONDITIONS PRECEDENT; CERTIFICATES TO TRUSTEE                    80
   Section 17.6.    LEGAL HOLIDAYS                                                                               81
   Section 17.7.    NO SECURITY INTEREST CREATED                                                                 81
   Section 17.8.    TRUST INDENTURE ACT                                                                          81
   Section 17.9.    BENEFITS OF INDENTURE                                                                        81
   Section 17.10.   TABLE OF CONTENTS, HEADINGS, ETC.                                                            81
   Section 17.11.   AUTHENTICATING AGENT                                                                         81
   Section 17.12.   EXECUTION IN COUNTERPARTS                                                                    82
</TABLE>
<PAGE>

Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (the "TIA" or "Trust
Indenture Act") and this Indenture, dated as of ___________, 2000.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TRUST INDENTURE ACT SECTION                                                        INDENTURE SECTION

<S>             <C>                                                                       <C>
Section  310    (a)(1)....................................................................8.9
                (a)(2)....................................................................8.9
                (b).......................................................................8.8, 8.9
Section  311    (a).......................................................................8.13
                (b).......................................................................8.13
Section  312    (a).......................................................................6.1
                (b).......................................................................6.2
Section  313    (a).......................................................................6.3
                (b).......................................................................6.3
                (c).......................................................................6.3
                (d).......................................................................6.3
Section  314    (a).......................................................................6.4
                (a)(4)....................................................................5.8
                (b).......................................................................N.A.
                (c)(1)....................................................................17.5
                (c)(2)....................................................................17.5
                (c)(3)....................................................................17.8
                (e).......................................................................17.5
Section  315    (a)........................................................................8.1
                (b).......................................................................7.8
                (c).......................................................................8.1
                (d).......................................................................8.1
                (e).......................................................................7.9
Section  316    (a) (last sentence).......................................................9.4
                (a)(1)(A).................................................................7.7
                (a)(1)(B).................................................................7.7
                (b).......................................................................7.4
                (c).......................................................................9.1
Section  317    (a)(1)....................................................................7.2
                (a)(2)....................................................................7.2
                (b).......................................................................5.4
Section  318    (a).......................................................................17.8
                (c).......................................................................17.8
</TABLE>

----------------------

NOTE:         This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed
              to be a part of this Indenture.

              Attention should also be directed to Section 318(c) of the Trust
Indenture Act, which provides that the provisions of Sections 310 to and
including 317 of the Trust Indenture Act are a part of and govern every
qualified indenture, whether or not physically contained therein.