21-3152

Valdes-Ocasio v. Kijakazi

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

SUMMARY ORDER

RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY 

ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF 

APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER 

IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN 

ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY 

ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL. 

1 At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, 

2 held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the City of 

New York, on the 22nd 3 day of May, two thousand twenty-three.

4

5 PRESENT:

6 GUIDO CALABRESI,

7 MICHAEL H. PARK,

8 STEVEN J. MENASHI,

9 Circuit Judges.

10 _____________________________________

11

12 Maite Valdes-Ocasio,

13

14 Plaintiff-Appellant,

15

16 v.

17

18 Kilolo Kijakazi, Acting Commissioner 21-3152

19 of Social Security,

20 Defendant-Appellee.

21 _____________________________________

22

23 FOR PLAINTIFF-APPELLANT: PETER A. GORTON, Lachman & Gorton,

24 Endicott, NY.

25

26 FOR DEFENDANT-APPELLEE: MOLLY E. CARTER, Special Assistant United 

27 States Attorney (Michael J. Pelgro, Regional 

28 Chief Counsel, Social Security 

29 Administration, on the brief), Boston, MA, 

30 for Carla B. Freedman, United States 

31 Attorney for the Northern District of New 

32 York, New York, NY.
2

1 Appeal from a judgment of the United States District Court for the Northern District of 

2 New York (Stewart, M.J.).

3 UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND 

4 DECREED that the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED. 

5 Maite Valdes-Ocasio appeals the denial by an administrative law judge (“ALJ”) of her 

6 claim for Disability Insurance under Title II and Supplemental Security Income benefits under 

7 Title XVI of the Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 401-434. Valdes-Ocasio applied for benefits 

8 based on her depression, panic attacks, and anxiety. The ALJ determined that Valdes-Ocasio had 

9 “the residual functional capacity to perform a full range of work at all exertional levels but with 

10 the following nonexertional limitations: the claimant is limited to understanding, remembering, 

11 and carrying out simple instructions, involving routine and repetitive tasks; with no high 

12 production demands; and no more than occasional contact with the public.” Certified Admin. R. 

13 (“CAR”) at 20. Valdes-Ocasio primarily argues on appeal that the ALJ’s residual functional 

14 capacity (“RFC”) assessment is not supported by substantial evidence. She also argues that the 

15 ALJ erred by giving substantial weight to Dr. Harding’s expert opinion and only moderate weight 

16 to Dr. Slowik’s opinion. We assume the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts, the 

17 procedural history of the case, and the issues on appeal.

18 “We conduct a plenary review of the administrative record to determine if there is 

19 substantial evidence, considering the record as a whole, to support the Commissioner’s decision 

20 and if the correct legal standards have been applied.” Schillo v. Kijakazi, 31 F.4th 64, 74 (2d Cir. 

21 2022) (cleaned up); see also 42 U.S.C. § 405(g) (“The findings of the Commissioner of Social 
3

1 Security as to any fact, if supported by substantial evidence, shall be conclusive.”). Substantial 

2 evidence is “such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a 

3 conclusion.” Rucker v. Kijakazi, 48 F.4th 86, 91 (2d Cir. 2022) (quoting Burgess v. Astrue, 537 

4 F.3d 117, 127 (2d Cir. 2008)). “If evidence is susceptible to more than one rational interpretation, 

5 the Commissioner’s conclusion must be upheld.” Schillo, 31 F.4th at 74 (cleaned up). 

6 I. The Residual Functional Capacity Assessment

7 Valdes-Ocasio argues that the ALJ’s RFC assessment “fail[ed] to include any limitations 

8 to staying on task and/or attendance despite undisputed medical opinions assessing such 

9 limitations.” Appellant’s Br. at 14 (typeface altered). But the medical record supports the 

10 ALJ’s findings. Dr. Harding, the state-agency consultative examiner, concluded that Valdes11 Ocasio was “capable of performing unskilled work in a low contact setting due to reported

12 difficulties interacting with others.” CAR at 69. The ALJ concluded that due “to moderate 

13 limitations in concentrating, persisting, or maintaining pace, [Valdes-Ocasio] can have no high 

14 production demands.” Id. at 22. The ALJ found, however, that “greater restrictions are not 

15 supported by the evidence of record.” Id. 

16 Dr. Harding indicated that Valdes-Ocasio was “moderately limited” in her ability to “carry 

17 out detailed instructions,” “maintain attention and concentration for extended periods,” and 

18 “perform activities within a schedule, maintain regular attendance, and be punctual within 

19 customary tolerances.” See id. at 68. Nothing from Dr. Harding’s report required the ALJ to 

20 include more detailed limitations in the RFC assessment. See Schillo, 31 F.4th at 78 (“[An] ALJ’s 

21 RFC conclusion need not perfectly match any single medical opinion in the record, so long as it is 

22 supported by substantial evidence.”). The same goes for Dr. Slowik’s opinion. Dr. Slowik 
4

1 found Valdes-Ocasio’s “ability to understand, remember or apply complex directions and 

2 instructions, sustain concentration, sustain an ordinary routine, and regulate emotions” to be 

3 “moderate to markedly limited.” CAR at 428. “An ALJ does not have to state on the record 

4 every reason justifying a decision” and a “failure to cite specific evidence does not indicate that 

5 such evidence was not considered.” Brault v. Soc. Sec. Admin., Comm’r, 683 F.3d 443, 448 (2d 

6 Cir. 2012) (cleaned up).

7 II. Weighing of Expert Opinions

8 Valdes-Ocasio argues that the ALJ erred by “rely[ing] on the opinion of the non-examining 

9 state agency psychologist [Dr. Harding] over the opinion of Dr. Slowik who actually examined 

10 [her].” Appellant’s Br. at 13. Valdes-Ocasio asks this Court to reweigh the medical opinions

11 under the 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(c) factors, but the ALJ was entitled to “weigh the conflicting 

12 evidence in the record,” including resolving any inconsistencies between Dr. Harding’s and Dr. 

13 Slowik’s assessments. Schaal v. Apfel, 134 F.3d 496, 504 (2d Cir. 1998); see Veino v. Barnhart, 

14 312 F.3d 578, 588 (2d Cir. 2002) (“Genuine conflicts in the medical evidence are for the 

15 Commissioner to resolve.”). 

16 In any case, substantial evidence supports the ALJ’s decision to give “substantial weight” 

17 to Dr. Harding’s opinion and “moderate weight” to Dr. Slowik’s opinion. See CAR at 23. The 

18 ALJ concluded that Dr. Harding “has program knowledge and provided a detailed supporting 

19 rationale for his conclusions.” Id. The ALJ noted that Dr. Harding’s “opinion is also generally 

20 consistent with contemporaneous treatment notes that showed the claimant’s symptoms were 

21 stable on medications.” Id. 
5

1 The ALJ properly gave weight to Dr. Harding’s opinion as the state-agency consultative 

2 examiner. See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(c)(6) (“[T]he amount of understanding of our disability

3 programs and their evidentiary requirements that a medical source has . . . and the extent to which

4 a medical source is familiar with the other information in your case record are relevant factors that

5 we will consider in deciding the weight to give to a medical opinion.”); id. § 404.1513a(b)(1)

6 (“State agency medical or psychological consultants are highly qualified and experts in Social

7 Security disability evaluation.”). Dr. Harding’s findings are generally consistent with the 

8 longitudinal evidence that Valdes-Ocasio’s symptoms were stable on medication. 

9 The ALJ’s decision to give only moderate weight to Dr. Slowik’s opinion was also proper. 

10 The ALJ found it was “generally consistent with the contemporaneous treatment notes” and 

11 credited the “in-person evaluation.” CAR at 23. But the ALJ found Dr. Slowik’s opinion “vague 

12 as to [Valdes-Ocasio’s] specific limitations.” Id. “The ALJ was entitled to conclude that [the 

13 doctor’s] statements were too vague . . . and that [the doctor’s] opinion was therefore entitled to 

14 only limited weight.” Schillo, 31 F.4th at 76. In sum, the ALJ’s RFC finding and its weighing 

15 of expert opinions are supported by substantial evidence. 

16 We have considered all of Valdes-Ocasio’s remaining arguments and find them to be 

17 without merit. For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED. 

18 FOR THE COURT: 

19 Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk of Court