NOT FOR PUBLICATION

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

FRANCISCO SALINAS-MEDINA, AKA 

Francisco Medina, AKA Francisco Medina 

Herrera, AKA Abel Salinas, AKA Francisco 

Salinas, 

Petitioner, 

 v. 

WILLIAM P. BARR, Attorney General, 

Respondent.

No. 18-70951 

Agency No. A200-672-078 

MEMORANDUM*

On Petition for Review of an Order of the

Board of Immigration Appeals

Submitted November 14, 2019**

San Francisco, California

Before: WARDLAW, W. FLETCHER, and LINN,*** Circuit Judges.

Francisco Salinas Medina, a native and citizen of Mexico, petitions for 

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent 

except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.

** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision 

without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).

*** The Honorable Richard Linn, United States Circuit Judge for the U.S. 

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, sitting by designation.

FILED

DEC 9 2019

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK

U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
2 

review of a Board of Immigrations Appeals (BIA) decision denying his motion to 

remand for a competency hearing and affirming the Immigration Judge’s (IJ) 

denial of withholding of removal and Convention Against Torture (CAT)

protection. We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252. We deny the petition. 

1. The BIA acted within its authority, according to its standards, and in 

conformance with due process when it denied Salinas’s motion to remand. 

Salinas’s motion is best viewed as a motion to reopen because it seeks further 

competency proceedings based on new evidence that Salinas was diagnosed with 

unspecified psychosis or psychotic disorder. Matter of Coelho, 20 I. & N. Dec. 

464, 471 (BIA 1992); 8 C.F.R. § 1003.2(c)(1), (4). The BIA did not abuse its 

discretion in concluding in the first instance that reopening proceedings was 

unnecessary. See Menendez-Gonzalez v. Barr, 929 F.3d 1113, 1119 (9th Cir. 

2019) (“[T]he BIA [can] exercis[e] its discretion in the first instance.”); 8 C.F.R. § 

1003.2(c)(1) (standard to reopen). The BIA reasonably concluded that Salinas’s 

new evidence did not indicate that he was incompetent, given that he was 

represented by counsel and able to participate in the proceedings without any 

apparent difficulty. Salgado v. Sessions, 889 F.3d 982, 987–89 (9th Cir. 2018);

Matter of M-A-M, 25 I. & N. Dec. 474, 477 (BIA 2011). 

2. Substantial evidence supports the BIA’s determination that Salinas failed 

to establish the requisite nexus between the alleged persecution and a protected 
3 

ground. See 8 U.S.C. § 1231(b)(3); Barajas-Romero v. Lynch, 846 F.3d 351, 359–

60 (9th Cir. 2017). Salinas waived his argument that the IJ never considered 

whether he reasonably feared retribution by the La Familia cartel. Abebe v. 

Mukasey, 554 F.3d 1203, 1208 (9th Cir. 2009) (en banc). The record demonstrates 

that Salinas fears the Tijuana Cartel will retaliate against him because he refused to 

pay them $25,000 for a backpack that he lost when trying to cross the border, not 

on account of his family membership or an imputed anti-cartel political opinion. 

See Li v. INS, 92 F.3d 985, 987 (9th Cir. 1996); Santos-Lemus v. Mukasey, 542 

F.3d 738, 743, 746–47 (9th Cir. 2008), abrogated on other grounds by HenriquezRivas v. Holder, 707 F.3d 1081, 1093 (9th Cir. 2013); Matter of L-E-A, 27 I. & N. 

Dec. 40, 45 (BIA 2017), overruled on other grounds in 27 I. & N. Dec. 581 (BIA 

2019). 

3. Substantial evidence supports the BIA’s determination that Salinas is 

ineligible for CAT protection because he failed to establish a clear probability of 

torture. 8 C.F.R. § 1208.16(c). Salinas’s evidence of generalized violence 

perpetrated by cartels is insufficient to obtain CAT protection, Gonzalez-Caraveo 

v. Sessions, 882 F.3d 885, 895 (9th Cir. 2018), especially when he was never 

harmed while in Mexico and his family continues to live in Mexico without harm, 

Duran-Rodriguez v. Barr, 918 F.3d 1025, 1029–30 (9th Cir. 2019). 

PETITION DENIED