# Patent

## Title
System for remotely controlling two or more medical devices

## Abstract

A system for remotely controlling multiple medical devices. Included in the system are at least a first medical device and a second medical device, each of which are capable of performing one or more functions. Also included is a remote control unit having at least a first switch and a second switch. Connected to each of the medical devices is a controller that can simultaneously dispatch one or more device command signals to each of the medical devices in response to receiving one or more remote command signals from the remote control unit, thereby allowing a user to remotely and simultaneously control one or more functions associated with each of the medical devices.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This is a continuation-in-part of copending application Ser. No. 10/607,810, filed Jun. 27, 2003, and entitled “Foot-Operated Control Console for Wirelessly Controlling Medical Devices”.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a system for controlling medical devices and, more particularly, a system for controlling multiple medical devices remotely.
BACKGROUND
Endoscopy is a technology that allows minimally-invasive viewing of internal features of a body. In medicine, endoscopy allows acquisition of high-quality images of internal features of a human body without the need for invasive surgery. The basic tool of endoscopy is the endoscope (“scope”), which is inserted into the body to be viewed. Some endoscopic procedures involve the use of a flexible scope, as in the medical field of gastroenterology, for example. Other medical procedures, such as arthroscopy or laproscopy, use a rigid scope. The scope is normally coupled to a high-intensity light source that transmits light into the body through the scope, and to a camera head that includes electronics for acquiring video image data. The camera head is typically coupled to a video monitor, which displays video images acquired by the camera.
In endoscopic surgery, various other medical devices may be used, such as an insufflator to pump pressurized gas into body cavities to create more space for viewing and working, an electrocautery tool to stop bleeding, and/or various tools to cut or shape body tissues. These devices are typically controlled by foot pedals and/or switches placed on the floor of the operating room, which are operated by the surgeon. The foot controls may control functions such as on/off, speed or intensity, direction of movement of the tool, mode of operation, etc. The use of foot controls, rather than hand-operated controls, allows the surgeon to adjust various modes and settings of the tools (e.g., speed, intensity) himself, without having to put a tool down, change hands, touch potentially contaminated surfaces with his hands, or take his eyes off the patient.
In the known prior art, foot-operated medical devices such as those mentioned above each have their own separate, dedicated foot controls, resulting in the presence of multiple foot controls in the operating room. The presence of multiple foot controls in the operating room can result in confusion about which foot control operates a particular device. Furthermore, the cables that connect the foot controls to their respective devices can create a safety hazard and a nuisance, since operating room personnel may trip over them and the cables may become tangled.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
One or more embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements and in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a medical endoscopy system including a wireless foot control apparatus according to certain embodiments of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows an exterior view of the foot control console according to certain embodiments of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows the wireless foot control console and a docking station into which the console can be placed to recharge a battery in the wireless foot control apparatus;
FIG. 4 shows how the docking station and the receiver unit can be placed or mounted on an equipment cart;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the console according to certain embodiments of the invention;
FIG. 6 shows the charging circuit in the console according to certain embodiments of the invention;
FIG. 7A is a block diagram of the receiver unit, according to certain embodiments of the invention;
FIG. 7B shows a docking station that has a retractable charging unit;
FIG. 8A shows a console with a removable handle containing batteries to power the console;
FIG. 8B shows the bottom of the console with a removable battery inserted therein;
FIG. 9 shows the removable battery and a charger unit into which the battery can be inserted for recharging;
FIG. 10 shows the battery of FIG. 9 inserted into the charging unit;
FIG. 11 shows a coiled suction hose;
FIG. 12 shows how the suction hose can be attached to the console; and
FIG. 13 shows the console contained within a protective cover.
FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a medical endoscopy system according to an additional embodiment of the invention, and includes a central controller that connects to and monitors one or more medical devices that can be found in a surgical suite.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
A wireless foot control apparatus to allow an operator to control multiple medical devices during a medical procedure is described. Note that in this description, references to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” mean that the feature being referred to is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Further, separate references to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” in this description do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment; however, such embodiments are also not mutually exclusive unless so stated, and except as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the description. For example, a feature, structure, act, etc. described in one embodiment may also be included in other embodiments. Thus, the present invention can include a variety of combinations and/or integrations of the embodiments described herein.
As described in greater detail below, a single wireless foot control console in accordance with the invention allows a surgeon or other operator to control multiple medical devices during an endoscopic medical procedure. The console comprises multiple controls designed for operation by an operator's foot to control the medical devices, including one or more foot pedals and/or foot switches to control the devices, including a selection switch to allow selection of the device to be controlled. In response to operation of the foot controls, the console transmits signals wirelessly to a receiver unit, which causes the receiver unit to select a device to be controlled and to control the selected device. The foot control console may include a rechargeable battery, which may be sealed within the console's housing and charged inductively when the console is placed in a docking station. The receiver unit and the docking station can be separate units or they can be integrated within a single housing.
FIG. 1 shows a medical endoscopy system that includes a wireless foot control apparatus according to the invention. The system includes an endoscope 1 and a camera 2 coupled to the endoscope 1 and to a camera control unit (CCU) 3. Also coupled to the CCU 3 is a video monitor 4 to display images acquired by the camera 2. The system also includes a number of different supporting devices 5 (e.g., 5A, 5B, etc.), which may include, for example, an insufflator, an electrocautery tool, a radio frequency (RF) generator, a cutter/shaver tool, and/or other devices. One or more of these supporting devices 5 may be connected to each other by a common wired communication medium 6, as are device 5A and the CCU 3. The wired communication medium 6 may be, for example, an IEEE standard 1394 backplane connection, an Ethernet connection, or other communication medium with similar capability.
Also connected to the wired communication medium 6 is a receiver unit 8, which is an element of a wireless foot control apparatus 7 in accordance with the invention. The other elements of the wireless foot control apparatus 7 are a foot-operated control console 9 and a docking station 10. The console 9 and receiver unit 8 cooperate to allow the operator to control any of the devices 5. Specifically, the console 9 includes various foot operated pedals, switches and/or other foot-operated controls which, when actuated by the operator, cause the console 9 to transmit control signals wirelessly to the receiver unit 8. In response to control signals received from the console 9, the receiver unit 8 communicates with the currently selected one of the various devices 5. This communication may occur over the wired communication medium 6, as would be the case with device 5A. However, one or more of the controlled devices 5 might not be connected to the wired communication medium 6, such as device 5B. Such devices 5 may instead have a direct connection 78 (which may be analog or digital) to the receiver unit 8. The direct connection 78 may emulate the inputs of a device-specific footswitch to the device 5. Furthermore, one or more controlled devices 5 might communicate with the receiver unit 8 only via a wireless link.
In some embodiments, a receiver may be built into the controlled device 5 itself, such that a dedicated receiver unit 8 and any wired connections between the receiver and the device would be unnecessary.
In the illustrated embodiment, the docking station 10 is used to charge a rechargeable battery (not shown) within the console 9. The docking station 10 includes a receptacle 11 designed to accommodate the console 9 and includes a power supply and circuitry (not shown) used to charge the battery in the console 9. The docking station 10 can be conveniently placed or mounted on an equipment cart, a table, the operating room floor, or a wall.
In alternative embodiments, the receiver unit 8 can be contained within the docking station 10. Also, in alternative embodiments, the battery can be removed from the console 9 and placed in its own dedicated charger for recharging, such that no docking station 10 is required, as described further below. Also, in alternative embodiments, the battery could be a standard alkaline battery and require no charging station at all, but simply be replaced in the console as needed.
FIG. 2 shows an exterior view of the console 9 according to certain embodiments of the invention. The console 9 is relatively light in weight and includes a handle 21 that allows the console 9 to be conveniently picked up and carried by operating room staff. As shown, the console 9 includes a left and right pedals 22 and 23, respectively, as well as three foot operated switches, i.e., a left switch 24, a middle switch 25, and a right switch 26. Other embodiments may include a different combination of pedals, switches, and/or other controls. The switches 24-26 may be, for example, simple pushbutton switches and may be used, for example, to select different modes of operation of the various devices 5. The pedals 22 and 23 may be simple potentiometer-type (variable displacement) foot controls, such as for use in controlling the speed, intensity, and/or other variable settings of a medical tool.
In certain embodiments, the console 9, while capable of controlling any of the devices 5, controls only one of the devices 5 at a time. In such embodiments, one of the switches 24-26 is used as a selection switch to allow the operator to select the device 5 to be controlled. The function of each of the other controls can vary depending upon which device 5 is currently selected to be controlled. The selection can be accomplished by simply pressing the designated selection switch repeatedly to cycle between the different available devices 5.
In other embodiments, the console 9 is capable of controlling two or more devices 5 simultaneously. For example, two or more separate switches and/or pedals can be used to control two or more separate devices 5 at the same time. Or, the same control on the console 9 might be used to control two or more devices.
The receiver 8 will detect which devices are present or connected to the wired communication medium 6 and/or the direct connection 78. Therefore, the console 9 does not need to have any knowledge of which device 5 is currently selected—such knowledge can be maintained entirely within the receiver unit 8. The console 9 simply transmits generic control signals, which the receiver unit 8 translates the control signals into other control signals in the appropriate format and protocol for the currently selected device 5. In some embodiments, the receiver 8 can receive input from multiple consoles 9 simultaneously and output the corresponding control signal to either one or multiple devices, depending on if the multiple consoles are controlling the same device or multiple devices.
As discussed above, in certain embodiments the console 9 has its own internal power supply, which may be a rechargeable battery (or multiple batteries) sealed within the housing 27 of the console 9. In such embodiments, the housing 27 can be made of molded plastic or other similar material, making the console 9 lightweight, durable, soakable, and easy to clean. This approach is desirable because, among other reasons, it is common during certain endoscopic surgical procedures for considerable amounts of water and/or other fluids to be spilled onto the floor of the operating room. A sealed console housing is advantageous, therefore, since there is no need for electrical contacts that are directly exposed to this operating room environment. In addition, the use of a rechargeable internal battery reduces the number of electrical cables needed in the operating room.
To charge the internal battery, the console 9 is placed into the docking station 10, where the battery is charged by electromagnetic induction. The docking station 10 also serves as a convenient holder for the console 9 when the console 9 is not in use. FIG. 3 shows how the console 9 is inserted into the docking station 10 for charging of the console's battery and/or for storage. FIG. 4 shows how a docking station 10 can be placed or mounted on an equipment cart 41 of the type typically used for endoscopic equipment.
FIG. 5 shows the components of a console 9, according to certain embodiments of the invention. As illustrated, the console 9 includes a conventional programmable microcontroller 51. The console 9 also includes a relatively short-range radio frequency (RF) transmitter 52 and a charging circuit 53, each coupled to the microcontroller 51. The console 9 further includes at least one rechargeable battery 54 and an induction coil 55 coupled to the charging circuit 53. The internal components of the console 9 (i.e., other than the switches and pedals) are completely sealed within the housing of the console 9, which protects those components from damage from the operating room environment and reduces the risk of electrical shock and sparks.
The microcontroller 51 is primarily responsible for identifying the source of each particular user input (i.e., which specific switch or pedal) but may also perform various other control functions such as described herein. The microcontroller 51 may, in other embodiments, be replaced by one or more other forms of control device capable of performing the same role, such as a programmable general-purpose or special-purpose microprocessor, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc. (i.e., from which switch or pedal).
The microcontroller 51 can communicate with the RF transmitter 52 through a standard RS-232 interface, for example. The RF transmitter 52 transmits control signals to the receiver unit 8, under the control of the microcontroller 51, in response to user inputs applied at the foot operated controls (switches and pedals). The RF transmitter 52 may be, for example, a conventional Bluetooth transmitter. In other embodiments, the RF transmitter 52 may operate in accordance with any one or more wireless communication standards, such as wireless Ethernet, IEEE standards 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g, 802.12 and 802.16. Furthermore, in other embodiments, the console 9 can communicate with the receiver unit 8 using a form of wireless communication other than RF, such as infrared (IR), laser, etc.
In alternative embodiments, each control on the console 9 may have its own RF transmitter in the console 9, to communicate with the receiver unit 8, such that no central microcontroller is needed to identify the source of each user input.
The console 9 may also include an RF receiver 57 coupled to the microcontroller 51, which can be used to receive data from the receiver unit 8 or another device for various purposes, such as modifying various parameters or settings of the console 9. The receiver 57 may be, for example, a conventional Bluetooth receiver. Note that the RF receiver 57 and transmitter 52 may be combined in a single transceiver.
The induction coil 55 and charging circuit 53 are used to recharge the battery 54 while the console 9 is situated in the docking station 10 (while the docking station 10 is powered). The battery 54 may be, for example, a NiMH or Li+ battery. The charging circuit 53 controls charging of the battery 54 using power induced in the secondary induction coil 55 by a corresponding primary induction coil 56 within the docking station 10. The console 9 and docking station 10 are designed so that the induction coil 55 in the console 9 and the induction coil 56 in the docking station 10 are positioned in close proximity to each other when the console 9 is placed in the docking station 10, although they are separated by the housings of the console 9 and the docking station 10. As shown, the docking station 10 can include simply a regulated power supply 76 coupled to the primary induction coil 56, both contained within a housing that has a receptacle 11 (FIGS. 1 and 3) shaped to accommodate the console 9 as described above.
FIG. 6 shows the charging circuit 55 in greater detail. As shown, the charging circuit 53 includes a rectifier 61 coupled to the terminals of the secondary induction coil 55, and a battery supervisory circuit/DC-DC converter 62. The battery 54 is coupled to the secondary induction coil 55 via the rectifier 61 and the battery supervisory circuit/DC-DC converter 62. The battery supervisory circuit DC-DC converter 62 receives from the microcontroller 51 an input voltage VTH, When the input voltage VTH is present and the console 9 is docked within the docking station 10, the battery supervisory circuit DC-DC converter 62 charges the battery. When not docked, the battery supervisory circuit DC-DC converter 62 provides regulated power PWR to the microcontroller 51. Circuits and techniques for charging a rechargeable power supply inductively are further described in various sources, such as in U.S. Pat. No. 6,040,680 of Toya et al.
FIG. 7A is a block diagram of the receiver unit 8, according to certain embodiments of the invention. As shown, the receiver unit 8 includes a programmable microcontroller 71, a wireless receiver 72, a power supply 73, a network adapter 74, and one or more output indicators 75. The microcontroller 71 controls the overall operation of the receiver unit 8. The microcontroller 71 may, in other embodiments, be replaced by one or more other forms of control device capable of performing the same role, such as a programmable general-purpose or special-purpose microprocessor, ASIC, etc. The wireless receiver 72 receives control signals transmitted from the console 9 as described above. The microcontroller 71 may communicate with the RF transmitter 72 through a standard RS-232 interface, for example. The power supply 73 provides regulated power for the receiver unit 8, based on power supplied from any available external power source.
The output indicator(s) 75 are used to communicate various information to the user, including to indicate which device 5 (FIG. 1) is currently selected. The output indicator(s) 75 may include, for example, one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs), liquid crystal displays (LCDs), audio speakers, or the like.
Depending upon which of the devices 5 is currently selected, the microcontroller 71 uses the control signals received by the wireless receiver 72 to generate commands and/or other control signals directed to a particular device 5 on the wired communication medium 6. The microcontroller 71 is programmed to generate specific commands or other control signals in a format and/or protocol that is appropriate for the currently selected device 5. The microcontroller 71 causes the network adapter 74 to transmit these generated commands onto the wired communication medium 6.
The network adapter 74 may be, for example, a standard IEEE standard 1394 adapter, for example, where the wired communication medium 6 is an IEEE 1394 backplane. In that case, the receiver unit 8 can use standard IEEE 1394 protocols to identify the other devices that are connected to the backplane. In still other embodiments, a communication medium other than an IEEE 1394 backplane may be used.
In certain embodiments, the receiver unit 8 also (or instead) can have one or more “direct” (i.e., non-network) connections 78 to a controlled device 5, as mentioned above and as shown in FIG. 1. In such embodiments, the receiver unit 8 includes a communication adapter 70 to couple the microcontroller 71 to the direct connection 78. In certain instances, a direct connection 78 may be implemented as a connection between the receiver unit 9 and a device 5 with no other devices or adapters coupled between them, while in other cases, a direct connection 78 may be implemented by connecting the receiver unit 9 to a device 5 through a separate, external adapter (“dongle”) that emulates the network connection for the receiver unit 8.
The receiver unit 8 may also include an RF transmitter 77, to transmit data to the console 9 as described above. Note that the RF receiver 72 and transmitter 77 may be combined in a single transceiver.
In the embodiments described above, the receiver unit 8 and the docking station 10 are separate, stand-alone units. In alternative embodiments, however, the receiver unit 8 may be integrated within the housing of the docking station 10. In such embodiments, the internal elements of such a combined unit are essentially the combination of the elements of the docking station 10, such as shown in FIG. 5, and the elements of the receiver unit 8, such as shown in FIG. 7A. Also, as mentioned above, the receiver unit 8 could be replaced by a receiver internal to the device 5 to be controlled.
The docking station 10 (or a combined receiver unit/docking station) may include a retractable charging unit 79, as shown in FIG. 7B. The retractable charging unit 79 allows the console 9 to be powered from the docking station 10, rather than from the console's own internal battery 54. This approach allows the console 9 to operate in the event of a battery failure and also allows the battery 54 in the console 9 to be charged from the docking station 10 while the console 9 is in use. The retractable charging unit 79 is removably attached to the rest of the docking station 10 through a retractable extension cord 80 (e.g., under spring-loaded tension). In this embodiment, the detachable charging unit 79 comprises a receptacle 11 such as described above to physically receive the console 9 and also contains the primary-side induction coil 56 (FIG. 5) or other equivalent charging elements.
The extension cord 80 extends out of, and retracts into, the docking station 10 under spring-loaded tension. When the cord 80 is fully retracted, the retractable charging unit 79 fits into and attaches to the rest of the docking station 10. The charging unit 79 can operate in either the fully retracted position or in any position of extension, within the limits of the extension cord 80. The extension cord 80 can also be used to transport the above-described control signals between the console 9 and the docking station 10.
In a given clinical environment, multiple pairs of consoles 9 and receiver units 8 may be used in close proximity to each other. This gives rise to the risk of a receiver unit 8 responding to control signals from the wrong console 9. To prevent this from occurring, each console 9 can be assigned a unique, modifiable device identifier. Each receiver unit 8 can be configured to respond to (i.e., can be “synchronized” with) one or more specific consoles 9, based on their device identifiers. During operation, when a console 9 transmits signals representing user inputs, it transmits its preassigned device identifier with those signals. The receiver unit 8 ignores any signals that are not accompanied by the correct device identifier (e.g., signals from an unknown or unauthorized console 9).
The identifier may be assigned by appropriately programming the microcontroller 51 in the console 9. In an embodiment in which the console 9 communicates with the receiver unit 8 using Bluetooth, for example, the device identifier may be the console's standard Bluetooth ID. Furthermore, the programmability of the microcontroller 51 in the console 9 enables modification of the device identifier of any given console 9, when desired. Consequently, a faulty console 9 can be easily replaced with another similar unit simply by reprogramming the device identifier of the replacement unit with that of the faulty unit.
In an embodiment in which Bluetooth is used for communication between the console 9 and the receiver unit 8, the receiver unit 8 may operate in a “non-discoverable” mode. Therefore, in order to synchronize a receiver unit 8 with a specific console 9 (i.e., to allow the receiver unit 8 to discover the identifier of the console 9), any of various approaches can be used. One approach is to push two of the switches (24, 25, 26) on the console 9 simultaneously, triggering the console 9 to transmit its identifier, coupled with a push of a “sync” button on the receiver unit 8. Another approach is to include an RF identifier coil or proximity sensor in both the receiver unit 8 and the console 9, using which the two devices can be triggered to synchronize by bringing them within close proximity of each other.
In certain embodiments, as discussed above, the console 9 is powered by one or more internal rechargeable batteries or battery pack sealed inside the housing of the console 9. For example, the battery may be sealed within the housing by a gasketed battery compartment that is externally accessible for purposes of battery service and replacement. This approach is advantageous for a variety of reasons discussed above. In one such embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 8A, the one or more batteries 82 are sealed within the handle 21, which can be removed from the console 9 and opened up into sections 21A and 21B to allow easy service and replacement of batteries 82. In this embodiment, the handle 21 is essentially a removable battery pack.
In alternative embodiments, however, the battery is not sealed within the housing and can be removed from the console 9 and placed in a dedicated battery charger unit for recharging. In such embodiments, no docking station 10 is required. FIG. 8B illustrates such an embodiment.
Specifically, FIG. 8B shows the console 9, where a removable rechargeable battery pack 81 is inserted into a corresponding receptacle in the bottom of the console 9, to power the console 9. The battery pack 81 can be removed and placed in its own dedicated charger unit 91 for charging, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. FIG. 9 shows the removable battery pack 81 and a charger unit 91 into which the battery pack can be inserted for charging. FIG. 10 shows the battery pack 81 inserted into the charger unit 91.
In certain embodiments represented by FIGS. 8 through 10, the battery pack 81 itself is sealed and includes both a rechargeable battery and an inductive charging/discharging circuit. The inductive charging/discharging circuit in the battery pack allows the charger unit 91 to inductively charge the battery in the battery pack 81 when the battery pack 81 is in the charger unit 91 and, likewise, allows the battery to inductively power the console 9 when the battery pack 81 is installed in the console 9. This approach eliminates the need for electrical contacts to couple the battery pack 81 to the console 9 or the charger unit 91, which is advantageous in an operating environment where exposed electrical contacts are undesirable (due to the risk of electrical shock, sparks, etc.). In other embodiments represented by FIGS. 8 through 10, standard electrical contacts are used to charge and discharge the battery.
With certain endoscopic surgical procedures, it is common for significant amounts of water and/or other fluid to accumulate on the floor of the operating room. It is common during such procedures for operating room staff to place a suction hose on the floor of the operating room to remove the accumulated fluid. Therefore, the console 9 includes, in certain embodiments, a convenient attachment for a suction hose, which facilitates removal of fluids during surgical procedures. The suction hose 111 in such embodiments is permanently coiled except at its ends, as shown in FIG. 11, and includes multiple intake holes distributed along its length, to draw fluid into the hose under suction. The coiled suction hose 111 is attached to the bottom of the housing of the console 9 by clips 121 (or other fastening devices), as shown in FIG. 12, such that the console 9 can rest on top of the suction hose 111 when in use. This configuration makes it easy for operating room staff to move the console 9 and the attached suction hose 111 around on the floor with their feet to places where fluid has accumulated, in order to remove the fluid.
Since the console 9 will be placed on the floor and potentially be exposed to significant amounts of water and/or other fluid, in certain embodiments the console 9 design will facilitate the attachment of a water-tight cover 121 over the console 9 in order to keep the console 9 dry, as shown in FIG. 13. In such a way, the console 9 is protected and kept clean, thus eliminating the need for time consuming cleaning steps after a surgical procedure is complete.
In accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, a separate remote control unit can be used to activate and control two or more medical devices at the same time. The present embodiment accomplishes this by means of a remote control system 200, one example of which is illustrated in FIG. 14. Included within the remote control system 200 is a central controller 201 that either directly or indirectly communicates with one or more of the medical devices that one wishes to control. The general structure and operation of central controller 201 is similar to that of receiver 8 as previously disclosed, and as such, will not be further discussed at this time.
In the illustrated example of FIG. 14, central controller 201 connects to and communicates with an irrigation pump 222 and an arthroscopy pump 224 by means of a direct connection 223. Additional medical devices, such as, for example, an electrosurgical/cautery unit (ESU) 212, motor controller 213, radio frequency ablation generator 214, and camera control unit 216 as illustrated in FIG. 14, indirectly connect to the central controller 201 over a common network BUS 202.
A remote control unit 203 subsequently communicates command signals to the central controller 201, which, in turn, converts the command signals into the appropriate format for the device being controlled. Similar to the previous embodiments discussed above, the remote control unit can take the form of a wireless footswitch 203A having one or more buttons (204, 205) and/or pedals (not illustrated). Alternatively, the remote control unit can be a wireless handswitch device 203B having one or more buttons (207, 208) and/or other switching mechanisms (not illustrated). Lastly, the remote control unit, regardless of whether it be operated by hand or foot, may forego wireless communications altogether, and instead rely on more traditional methods to communicate a signal to the central controller 201, such as, for example, by means of one or more direct wire connections between the wired remote control unit 203C and central controller 201.
In a manner similar to that described with respect to the previous embodiments, control console 201 will detect which devices are present or connected to the control console 201, regardless of whether they connect by means of a direct connection 223 or indirect connection 202, such as a network BUS 202. Accordingly, the remote control unit 203 need not have any knowledge of which medical device is currently selected, as this knowledge can be maintained entirely within the central controller 201.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, two or more separate medical devices can be controlled at the same time through activation of two or more separate buttons, pedals or other switching mechanisms located on one remote control unit 203. For example, a surgeon may need to activate an electrocautery to cauterize some tissue, while at the same time, irrigate the tissue with saline solution. To accomplish this using wireless footswitch 203A, button 204 is mapped to a specific function associated with the electrosurgical/cautery unit 212, while button 205 is mapped to a specific function associated with the irrigation pump 222. As a result, depressing button 204 activates the electrosurgical/cautery unit 212, while depressing button 205 activates the irrigation pump 222. An advantage of this type of arrangement, where separate buttons or switches on the same remote control unit 203 are mapped to separate devices, is that each medical device can be conveniently controlled by the remote control unit 203 while still maintaining independent operation of each medical device. Consequently, the two devices (electrosurgical/cautery unit 212 and irrigation pump 222) can be activated simultaneously or at different or alternating times.
Mapping of the buttons, pedals or other switching mechanisms located on a remote control unit 203 to a particular function of a particular medical device can be accomplished in a variety of ways. According to one embodiment, the central controller 201 is pre-programmed to recognize most, if not all, potential combinations of medical devices that can be connected to the central controller 201 and which can be operated by means of a remote control unit 203. Upon detecting the types of medical devices connected, the central controller 201 automatically modifies its default button-mapping scheme to another configuration which corresponds to the particular combination of medical devices currently connected.
Alternatively, the central controller 201 can be programmed to allow for an operator to custom configure a particular button-mapping scheme. In this alternative embodiment, the central controller 201 detects the connected medical devices, retrieves a predetermined list of corresponding functions that are commonly controlled by a remote control unit 203, and then prompts the user to depress a selected button or pedal of their choosing in order to associate that selected button/pedal with the specific medical device and associated function identified by the central controller 201.
If a medical device has a plurality of associated functions, the remote control system 200 can be further configured to not limit mapping of a button/pedal to just one or a few predetermined functions of that device, but instead prompt the user to select the specific device function they wish to remotely control. This can be accomplished, for instance, by displaying a list of available device functions and having the user select the specific function they wish to map.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, two or more medical devices are mapped to the same button or pedal on the remote control unit 203. More specifically, two or more device functions, each of which is associated with different medical devices, are mapped to the same button/pedal. Consequently, this single button or pedal on remote control unit 203 will simultaneously control both devices/functions. For example, depressing button 207 on wireless handswitch 203B simultaneously activates the electrosurgical/cautery unit 212 and irrigation pump 222. Absent any additional mappings, neither medical device can be activated without the other.
In a slight variation to the previous embodiment, two or more medical devices/functions are again mapped to the same button or pedal on a remote control unit 203. Yet, according to this embodiment, at least one of the medical devices/functions is restricted to how or when it can operate based upon one or more rules or configurations preprogrammed in the central controller 201. For illustrative purposes, consider an example where the electrosurgical/cautery unit 212 and irrigation pump 222 are both connected to the central controller 201. Furthermore, central controller 201 has been configured so that button 210 on wired remote control unit 203C is mapped to both devices 212 and 222 such that depressing button 210 would normally activate both devices in a simultaneous manner. However, a surgeon currently operating these devices by remote control demands that the electrosurgical/cautery unit 212 never be applied unless saline solution has been previously applied to the tissue and continues to be applied to the tissue by irrigation pump 222. To satisfy the surgeon's requirement, central controller 201 is programmed to delay the activation of the electrosurgical/cautery unit 212 by one-half second whenever both electrosurgical/cautery unit 212 and irrigation pump 222 have been mapped to the same button/pedal. Consequently, whenever button 210 is depressed, irrigation unit 222 will always activate and run for one-half second before the electrosurgical/cautery unit 212 activates.
Although only a single example has been provided to illustrate the above-embodiment, it should be appreciated that numerous other advantages can be obtained depending on the rules or configurations programmed in the central controller 201. For even greater versatility, the remote control system 200 can be configured to apply one or more of these rules or configurations not only in response to the mapping of a specific combination of medical devices, but also in response to the presence of specific states or operating conditions in one or more of the mapped medical devices.
Consider an example where two medical devices, A and B, have been mapped by the central controller 201 to one or more specific buttons or pedals of a remote control unit 203. Device B is a tool for the cutting and shaping of body tissue, and can accept various types of cutting blades that serve different purposes. The cutting tool (device B) detects the installation of a different cutting blade, and subsequently reconfigures its device settings to accommodate the new cutting blade. This reconfiguration or change of state in device B is subsequently projected out upon the network BUS 202. Central controller 201 monitors network BUS 202, and upon detecting the change of state in medical device B, is able to implement one or more new sets of rules or configurations that better regulate remote operation of mapped devices A and B.
In the embodiments discussed above, two or more separate medical devices become mapped to one or more specific buttons or pedals of a remote control unit 203. However, the present invention is not limited to the mapping and controlling of multiple, independent medical devices, but can also be used to map and remotely control a single, integrated medical device having multiple modalities, such as, for example, a single device having two or more generally separate or independent functions and/or operating states.
To further illustrate this embodiment of the invention, consider an example where an individual surgical tool possesses two operating modalities, including the capability to electrocauterize tissue, as well as the ability to manipulate tissue by means of a burr or cutter. In some instances, the tool is preferably operated in such a manner that electrocauterization occurs at the same time that tissue is being mechanically cut. In other instances, it is preferable to have the tool just do cauterization without any mechanical cutting of the tissue, or alternatively, just cut tissue without any cauterization.
Applicant's invention according to the present embodiment can readily control a multiple modality medical tool, such as the surgical tool described above, by mapping a first tool function, or set of functions, to a first button or set of buttons on a remote control unit 203. Any second tool function, or set of functions, is then mapped to a second button or set of buttons on the same remote control unit 203.
For example, the electrocauterizing capabilities of the surgical tool discussed above can be mapped to either a first button or set of buttons on a remote control unit 203, while the mechanical tissue cutting capabilities of the same tool can be mapped to a second, separate button or set of buttons on the same remote control unit 203. This subsequently would allow the two separate capabilities of the surgical tool to be remotely operated independently of each other, while maintaining the ability to operate the dual-function tool in a simultaneous manner. Alternatively, both surgical tool functions can be mapped onto the same button or set of buttons, thereby facilitating the simultaneous operation of the two tool functions.
In all the embodiments discussed above, one or more medical devices is remotely controlled by mapping one or more functions of each device to a button, pedal or other switching mechanism contained within a separate remote control unit 203, such as a wireless footswitch 203A or wireless handswitch 203B. However, the present invention is not limited to remotely controlling a medical device by means of a separate or independent remote control unit 203. Instead, according to an additional embodiment of the present invention, a first medical device can be remotely operated by means of a second medical device. As a result, two or more devices can be operated in unison without the need of a separate remote control unit 203.
This additional embodiment of the invention is readily accomplished through the mapping capabilities of the central controller 201. More specifically, unlike previous embodiments of the invention, the central controller 201 in the current embodiment is programmed or configured so that one or more functions of a first medical device is mapped onto the one or more buttons or switches that are intrinsic to and make up part of a second medical device.
Consider, for example, a surgeon who wishes to make sure that all the tissue cutting procedures that he conducts are captured by a video camera and recorded on video tape. According to an earlier embodiment of the invention, the surgeon could readily accomplish this goal by mapping the tissue cutter and the video camera onto the same button of a remote control unit 203. Then both functions would be simultaneously carried out whenever the mapped button of the remote control unit 203 is depressed. However, there may be instances where the surgeon wants or needs to control the tissue cutter directly, instead of through a remote control unit 203. Consequently, control of the two medical devices (tissue cutter and camera) becomes split between two separate physical devices. The current embodiment of the invention overcomes this problem by configuring the central controller 201 so that one or more functions of the video camera are mapped onto one or more buttons that make up part of the tissue cutter. As a result, depressing the “cutting” button on the tissue cutter not only activates the cutter, but also simultaneously activates the mapped video camera.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments, it will be recognized that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but can be practiced with modification and alteration within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative sense rather than a restrictive sense.

## Claims

1. A system for controlling multiple medical devices by remote control, comprising:
a plurality of medical devices for use in a surgical suite, each said medical device being capable of performing one or more functions;
a remote control unit for selecting and controlling a plurality of medical devices and having a plurality of switches to provide wireless remote command signals for selectively changing the one or more of said plurality of medical devices capable of operation and for actuating and controlling one or more of said functions associated with the selected one or more of said medical devices including a first said selected medical device; and
a controller that connects to said plurality of medical devices and which, in response to receiving one or more wireless remote command signals from said remote control unit, simultaneously dispatches one or more appropriately formatted device command signals to the first selected medical device and a second selected said medical device so as to simultaneously actuate and control said one or more functions associated with each of the first medical device and the second medical device,
wherein said controller maps a first one of said switches and a second one of said switches of said remote control unit onto said one or more functions associated with said first medical device, as well as onto said one or more functions associated with said second medical device, thereby allowing a user to remotely and simultaneously control said one or more functions of said first medical device and said one or more functions of said second medical device through manipulation of one of said first switch and said second switch.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein said controller is programmed to regulate operation of said one or more functions associated with said first medical device depending on an operating state of said second medical device.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein said first medical device and said second medical device connect to a medical device communications network or BUS and are in electrical communication with said controller through said communications network or BUS.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said switches of said remote control unit comprise one of a button, pedal, slider, rocker switch and rotary switch.

5. A system for controlling multiple medical devices by remote control, comprising:
a plurality of medical devices for use in a surgical suite, each said medical device being capable of performing one or more functions;
a remote control unit for selecting and controlling a plurality of medical devices and having a plurality of switches to provide wireless remote command signals for selectively changing the one or more of said plurality of medical devices capable of operation and for actuating and controlling one or more of said functions associated with the selected one or more of said medical devices including a first said selected medical device; and
a controller that connects to said plurality of medical devices and which, in response to receiving one or more wireless remote command signals from said remote control unit, simultaneously dispatches one or more appropriately formatted device command signals to the first selected medical device and a second selected said medical device so as to simultaneously actuate and control said one or more functions associated with each of the first medical device and the second medical device,
wherein after selectively changing the medical device to be controlled to the first medical device:
said controller maps a first one of said switches of said remote control unit onto one or more of said functions associated with said first medical device, thereby allowing a user to remotely actuate and control said one or more functions of said first medical device through manipulation of said first switch; and wherein
said controller maps a second one of said switches of said remote control unit onto one or more functions associated with said second medical device, thereby allowing the user to remotely actuate and control said one or more functions of said second medical device through manipulation of said second switch.

6. The system according to claim 5, wherein said one or more functions of said first medical device and said one or more functions of said second medical device can be simultaneously but independently controlled by said remote control unit.

7. The system according to claim 5, wherein said controller is programmed to regulate operation of said one or more functions associated with said first medical device depending on an operating state of said second medical device.

8. The system according to claim 5, wherein at least one of said first medical device and said second medical device is in electrical communication with said controller through a direct wired connection.

9. The system according to claim 5, wherein said controller without user input automatically identifies said first medical device and said second medical device, and without user input automatically maps at least one of said switches to at least one of said functions associated with one of said first medical device and said second medical device based upon one or more predetermined rules.

10. A system for controlling multiple medical devices by remote control, comprising:
a plurality of medical devices for use in a surgical suite, each said medical device being capable of performing one or more functions;
a remote control unit for selecting and controlling a plurality of medical devices and having a plurality of switches to provide wireless remote command signals for selectively changing the one or more of said plurality of medical devices capable of operation and for actuating and controlling one or more of said functions associated with the selected one or more of said medical devices including a first said selected medical device; and
a controller that connects to said plurality of medical devices and which, in response to receiving one or more wireless remote command signals from said remote control unit, simultaneously dispatches one or more appropriately formatted device command signals to the first selected medical device and a second selected said medical device so as to simultaneously actuate and control said one or more functions associated with each of the first medical device and the second medical device,
wherein said remote control unit includes a receiver for receiving data from the controller to modify various parameters and is configured to be operated by either a user's foot or a user's hand.

11. A system for controlling multiple medical devices by remote control, comprising:
a plurality of medical devices for use in a surgical suite, each said medical device being capable of performing one or more functions;
a remote control unit for selecting and controlling a plurality of medical devices and having a plurality of switches to provide wireless remote command signals for selectively changing the one or more of said plurality of medical devices capable of operation and for actuating and controlling one or more of said functions associated with the selected one or more of said medical devices including a first said selected medical device; and
a controller that connects to said plurality of medical devices and which, in response to receiving one or more wireless remote command signals from said remote control unit, simultaneously dispatches one or more appropriately formatted device command signals to the first selected medical device and a second selected said medical device so as to simultaneously actuate and control said one or more functions associated with each of the first medical device and the second medical device,
wherein said controller automatically identifies said first medical device and said second medical device without user input, and without user input maps at least one of said switches to at least one of said functions associated with one of said automatically identified first medical device and said automatically identified second medical device, and
wherein said controller prompts a user to select a specific function associated with one of said first medical device and said second medical device which will subsequently be mapped to one of said switches.

12. A system for controlling multiple medical devices by remote control, comprising:
medical devices for use in a surgical suite and capable of performing one or more functions;
a wireless remote control unit having at least a first switch and at least a first pedal, which when a predetermined one of said switch and said pedal is activated, issues one or more wireless remote command signals for actuating and controlling one or more of said functions associated with one or more of said medical devices; and
a controller that connects to combinations of said medical devices and which, in response to receiving one or more wireless remote command signals from said remote control unit, dispatches one or more appropriately formatted device command signals to at least one of said medical devices so as to control said one or more functions associated with at least one of said medical devices,
wherein said controller connected to said medical devices is pre-programmed to recognize combinations of said identified medical devices connected thereto without user input and to automatically modify without user input a default mapping scheme for at least the first switch and at least the first pedal of the remote control unit to another configuration that corresponds to the recognized combination of identified medical devices connected thereto.

13. The system according to claim 12, wherein said remote control unit includes a receiver for receiving data from said controller.

14. A system for controlling multiple medical devices by remote control, comprising:
a plurality of medical devices for use in a surgical suite, each said medical device being capable of performing one or more functions;
a wireless remote control console including a plurality of switches or pedals, a first one of said plurality of said switches or said pedals being configured to provide wireless signals for selectively changing the at least one of said medical devices selected for operation, a second one of said at least two of said switches or said pedals being configured to select one or more functions of the at least one selected medical device, and said switches or said pedals configured to provide wireless remote command signals that actuate and control one or more of said functions associated with the at least one selected medical device; and
a controller that connects to said plurality of medical devices and which, in response to receiving one or more wireless remote command signals from said remote control console, simultaneously dispatches one or more device command signals to the at least one selected medical device and to a second said medical device so as to actuate and control said one or more selected functions associated with the at least one medical device and the second medical device.

15. The system according to claim 14, wherein said at least two of said switches or said pedals comprise first and second said switches.

16. The system according to claim 14, wherein a first said switch is configured to provide the signals that select the at least one medical device, and a first said pedal provides the remote command signals for actuating and controlling one or more of said functions associated with the at least one medical device and the second medical device.

17. The system according to claim 14, wherein said wireless remote control console transmits a modifiable identifier to the controller for enabling the controller to synchronize with the foot control console, so that the controller ignores any signals from an unknown or unauthorized remote control console that does not include the unique identifier.

18. The system according to claim 14, wherein said wireless remote control console comprises a single wireless remote footswitch control console.

19. The system according to claim 14, wherein said controller is connected to said plurality of medical devices by a wired connection and one of said medical devices comprises a cutting tool capable of receiving different cutting blades, wherein said cutting tool is capable of detecting the different cutting blades, and in response to the detected cutting blade, providing an output signal over the wired connection to the controller so that the controller adjusts operation in response to the detected cutting blade.

20. The system according to claim 14, wherein said controller is connected to said plurality of medical devices by a common wired BUS connection, wherein the plurality of medical devices are connected to the controller and communicate therewith over the common wired BUS connection that is a single wire connected to the controller and to the plurality of medical devices for carrying device command signals to different selected ones of the plurality of medical devices.

21. The system according to claim 14, wherein said controller without user input automatically identifies said plurality of medical devices connected thereto, and said controller is pre-programmed to automatically recognize combinations of the identified medical devices connected thereto and to automatically modify a default mapping scheme for said at least two of said switches or said pedals of the remote control console to another configuration without user input that corresponds to the recognized combination of the identified medical devices connected thereto.

22. The system of claim 14, wherein the controller without user input automatically identifies the plurality of medical devices connected thereto, and said controller is programmed to map a function of a first said medical device onto one or more device buttons or device switches of a second said medical device without user input.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the first medical device comprises a video camera and the second medical device comprises a tissue cutter, wherein actuating and controlling the tissue cutter with said one or more of the device buttons or the device switches of the tissue cutter automatically, without a separate user input to either of the remote control console and the video camera, actuates and operates the function of the video camera.