IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA

Cole J. Kazickas, :

Petitioner :

:

v. :

: Pennsylvania Board : of Probation and Parole, : No. 214 C.D. 2019

Respondent : Submitted: October 18, 2019

BEFORE: HONORABLE MARY HANN AH LEAVITT

, President Judge

HONORABLE ANNE E. COVEY, Judge HONORABLE CHRISTINE FIZZANO CANNON

, Judge

OPINION BY JUDGE COVEY FILED: February 7, 2020

Cole J. Kazickas (Kazickas) petitions this Court for review of the
Pennsylvania Board of Probat ion and Parole’s (Board) January 30, 2019 order
denying his request for administrative relief. 1 The sole issue before this Court is
whether the Board erred by denying Kazickas credit for time served on parole in good
standing when recommitting him as a co nvicted parole violator (CPV) after
previously recommit ting him as a technical parole violator (TPV) with street time
credit during the same parole period

. After review, we affirm

.

Kazickas is currently an inmate incarcerated at the State Correctional

In stitution (SCI) at Dallas. On August 2, 2012, Kazickas was sentenced to 1 year

, 5

months and 8 days to 3 year s and 11 months for violating his drug certification

1 Kazickas filed his petition for review pro se; however, on March 22, 2019, William E. Moore, Esquire (Counsel) entered his appearance on Kazickas’ behalf and filed an appe llate brief. C ounsel also filed the Board’s Certified Record as the Reproduced Record. Because the proposed Reproduced Record is not numbered in accordance with Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure 2173 (relating to pagination), references herein are made to the Certified Record.2

program and possessing drug paraphernalia (Original Sentence). See Certified
Record (C.R.) a t 2, 7. On November 30, 2012, Kazickas was sentenced to a

concurrent term of 11 months and 8 days to 2 years and 1 1 months for drug
possession and escape from detention. See C.R. at 2, 7.

On November 6, 2013, the Board voted to parole Kazicka s from his
Original Sentence

. See C.R. at 4

- 6. He was released on parole on January 13, 2014.

See C.R. at 8 . At that time, his maximum release date was July 2, 2016. See C.R. at

170 . As a condition of his parole, Kazickas signed and, therefore, agree d to
Conditions of Parole/Reparole (Parole Conditions), including, inter alia :

2. Your approved residence . . . may not be changed without the written permission of the parole supervision staff.

. . . .
7. . . . If you are arrested on new criminal charge s, the Board has the authority to lodge a detainer against you which will prevent your release from custody, pending disposition of those charges, even though you may have posted bail or been released on your own recognizance from those charges.
If you vio late a condition of your parole/reparole and, after the appropriate hearing(s), the Board decides that you are in violation of a condition of y our parole/reparole[,] you may be recommitted to prison for such time as may be specified by the Board.
If you ar e convicted of a crime committed while on parole/reparole, the Board has the authority, after an appropriate hearing, to recommit you to serve the balance of the sentence or sentences which you were serving when paroled/reparoled, with no credit for time a t liberty on parole [( i.e. , street time) 2 ].

2 “Street time” refers to “the period of time a parolee spends at liberty on parole.” Dorsey v. Pa. Bd. of Prob. & Parole , 854 A.2d 994, 996 n.3 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2004).3

C.R. at 9 ; see also C.R. at 9

- 11

. T he Parole Conditions also prohibited Kazickas
from consuming or possessing alcohol and/or controlled substances. See C.R. at 10.

On October 7 , 2015, Kazickas was arreste d in Bucks County and
charged with driving under the influence of a controlled substance (Bucks County
Charges)

. See C.R. at 14

- 18. On October 8, 2015, the Board lodged a 48

- hour
detainer against Kazickas , and he was placed in Bucks County Prison

. See C .R. at

12. On October 13, 2015, Kazickas was released from Bucks County Prison with

instructions to report to his parole agent at the Allentown Di strict O ffice

. See C.R. at

52.
On October 29, 2015, the Board declared Kazickas delinquent effective

Octob er 27, 2015 because he did not report to his parole agent

. See C.R. at 13. That
same day, Kazickas reported to the Allentown D istrict O ffice, tested positive for
controlled substances and was taken to Lackawanna County Prison for

detoxification. 3 See C. R. at 52. Kazickas was transferred to an in

- patient treatment

center on November 10, 2015. See C.R. at 52. On January 22, 2016, Kazickas was
moved to the Allentown Community Corrections Center (CCC). See C.R. at 52.

After Kazickas absconded from the C CC, t he Board declared Kazickas delinquent
effective February 19, 2016

. See C.R. at 22, 52.

On April 13, 2016, the Hellertown Police Department arrested Kazickas
on charges of corruption of a minor, endangering the welfare of a child, reckles sly
endangering another person, and possession of controlled substances and dru g paraphernalia ( Northampton County Charges). See C.R. at 41

- 45. He did not post

bail on his Northampton County Charges

. See C.R. at 46. On April 20, 2016, the

Board issued a warrant to commit and detain Kazickas , and he was placed in Lehigh
County Prison

. See C.R. at 23 , 46 . On April 25, 2016, the Board ordered that

3 The Board cancelled the delinquency when Kazickas reported to the Allentown District Office on October 29, 2015. See C.R. at 13.4

Kazickas be detained at Lehigh County Prison pending disposition of his
Northampton County Charges

. See C.R . at 24.

On April 27, 2016, the Board served Kazickas with a Notice of Charges
for violating his Parole Condition s by absconding from his approved residence at the

CCC. See C.R. at 36. That same day, Kazickas admitted to the parole violation and

waived his right to counsel and panel and detention hearing s

. See C.R. at 2 5

- 27

. O n May 27, 2016 , the second panel member voted to recommit Kazickas as a T PV

. 4 See

C.R. at 25

- 52

.

By decision recorded June 1, 201 6 (mailed June 8 , 201 6 ), the Board
formally re committed Kazickas as a TPV to serve his unexpired term, and

recalculated Kazickas ’ Original Sentence as follows: “ P AROLE VIOLATION MAX DATE
[( i.e

., J ULY 2, 2016 )] WITH DELINQUENCY TIM E [( i.e., 61 DAYS FROM F EBRUARY 19 TO

A PRIL 20, 2016 )] ADDED IS [ S EPTEMB ER 1, ] 2016, SUBJECT TO CHANGE IF CONVICTED

OF PENDING C RIMINAL C HARGES

. ” 5 C.R. at 5 4; see also C.R. at 55

- 57

. The Board’s

June 1, 2016 Order to Recommit reflected that Kazickas forfeited “0 [] D[ays]” of
prio r parole liberty. C.R. at 56. Thus, Kazickas lost time for the period he was
delinquent, but did not lose credit at that time for the period he spent on parole in
good standing between his January 13, 2014 parole release date and when he was

confined on the Bucks County Charges on October 7 , 2015

. See C.R. at 170.

4 Section 6113(b) of the Prisons and Parole Code states , in relevant part: “ T he [B] oard may make decisions on

. . . revocation in panels of two persons. A panel shall consist of one board member and one hearing examiner or of two board members.” 61 Pa.C.S. § 6113 (b). “[T] he date that the revocation and recommitment Hearing Report was signed by the second panel member thereby effectively revok[ ed] [ Kazickas ’ ] parole . . . .” Wilson v. Pa. Bd. of Prob. & Parole , 124 A.3d 767, 769 n.3 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2015).

5 “ I t is well

- settled law that the Board retains jurisdiction to recommit an individual as a parole violator after the expiration of the maximum term, so long as the crimes that lead [sic] to the conviction occurred while the individual is on parole. ” Miskovitch v. Pa

. Bd. of Prob. & Parole , 77 A.3d 66, 73 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2013) ; see also Reavis v. Pa

. Bd. of Prob. & Parole , 909 A.2d 28, 34 (Pa. Cmwl th. 2006)

.5 T he Board release d Kazickas from his detainer upon reaching his

maximum sentence date on September 1, 2016

. See C.R. at 86. On September 2,
2016, Kazickas’ parole supervisors executed a Criminal Arrest and Disposition
Report for the Board to declare Kazickas delinquent for control purposes. See C.R. at

58

- 62. On S eptember 8, 2016, the Board declared Kazickas delinquent for control

purposes as of October 7, 201 5 , when he was arrested on the Bucks County Charges

. See C.R. at 63.

On September 23, 2016, Kazickas entered into a negotiate d plea
regarding his Northampton County Charges, pleading guilty to endangering the
welfare of a child, possession of a controlled substance and making false reports. See

C.R. at 64

- 80. On October 6, 2016, the Board re

- lodged it s warrant to commit and

detain Kazickas

, stat ing : “Although [Kazickas’] original maximum sentence was
[September 1,] 2016, the maximum sentence is being extended due to a new
conviction. The new maximum sentence will be compute d upon recording of the

Board’s final action. ” C.R. at 75.

On October 20, 2016, the Board served Kazickas with a Notice of
Charges based upon his Northampton County Charges conviction

. See C.R. at 81.
That same day, Kazickas admitted to the co nviction and waived his right to counsel

as well as panel and detention hearings. See C.R. at 81

- 89. On November 8, 2016

, the second panel member voted to recommit Kazickas as a CPV to serve his
unexpired term , without credit for time spent at liberty in good standing on parole

, because Kazickas “was involved in a relationship with the minor victim of the CPV
offense[,] . . . [ the minor ] overdosed on heroin, and was unresponsive[] at the time
police responded

. ” C.R. at 97; see also C.R. at 90

- 97

. On Nov ember 9, 2016,

Kazickas was sentenced to 12 to 24 months of incarceration in an SCI for the
Northampton County Charges, followed by 12 months of supervision, with credit for

time served. See C.R. at 98

- 113.6 On October 26 , 2016, Kazickas pled guilty to the Bucks County Charges

and was sentenced to one year and six months of probation. See C.R. at 114

- 130. On
November 22, 2016, the Board served Kazickas with a Notice of Charges based upon
his Bucks County Charges conviction

. See C.R. at 131. That same d ay, Kazickas
admitted to the conviction and waived his right to a panel hearing. See C.R. at 132,
140. On December 12, 2016, the panel voted to recommit Kazickas as a CPV to
serve his unexpired term, without credit for time spent at liberty on parole, be cause Kazickas “has an additional conviction for [e]ndangering the [w]elfare of [c]hildren,
[p]ossession of a [c]ontrolled substance and [f]alse [r]eports. . . . These reasons also
explain why the presumptive range of 3

- 12 m[onths] is not recommended and [an]
unexpired term is recommended.” C.R. at 148 ; see also C.R. at 141

- 150. On
November 30, 2016, Kazickas was transferred to SCI

- Graterford.

By decision recorded December 27, 2016 (mailed February 21, 2017),

the Board referred to and modified its June 1 , 2016 action (mailed June 8, 2016 ; recommitting Kazickas as a TPV ) as previously specified to also formally recommit
Kazickas as a CPV to serve his unexpired term (i.e., “ 2 YEARS , 4 MONTHS

CONCURRENTLY FOR A T OTAL OF 2 YEARS [ AND ] 4 MONTHS BACKTIME

. ” )
(Re commitment Decision)

. C.R. at 152 ; see also C.R. at 149

- 153. The Board
recalculated Kazickas’ Original Sentence maximum release date to March 12, 2019. 6

See C.R. at 149 , 152

.

On March 10 , 2017, Kazickas submitted an Administrative Remedies

Form appeali ng from the R ecommitment D ecision alleging

, inter alia

, that : (1)
although he maxed out his sentence, new criminal convictions resulted in the Board
rescinding his street time and recalculating his maximum sentence release date ; (2)
the Board erred by exce eding the presumptive ranges ; and (3) the Board abused its

6 According to the parties, Kazickas nevertheless remains in custody at SCI

- Dallas.7

discretion by failing to credit his sentence for time he spent at liberty on parole. 7 See

C.R. at 154

- 155

.

By decision recorded January 11, 2019 (mailed January 16, 2019), the

Board referred to its Recommitment D ecision and recommit ted Kazickas as a TPV to
serve his unexpired term, and stated that “ THE B OARD IN ITS DISCRETI ON DID NOT

AWARD CREDIT TO YOU FOR THE TIME SPENT A T LIBERTY ON PAROLE FOR THE

FOLLOWING REASON :

-- UNRESOLVED DRUG AND ALC OHOL ISSUES .” C.R. at 163 ; see

also C.R. at 164

. By January 30, 2019 letter, the Board responded to Kazickas’
administrative appeal as follows:

First, the Board recalculated your maximum sentence date to March 12, 2019, based on your recommitment as a [C PV]

. The decision to recommit you as a [CPV] gave the Board statutory authority to recalculate your sentence to reflect that you received no credit for the period you were at liberty on parole. 61 Pa.C.S. § 6138(a)(2). The Board denied you credit for ti me at liberty on parole in this instance. The Board advised you of this potential penalty on the parole conditions you signed on January 10, 2014. You also had constructive notice of this potential penalty via the statute. Additionally, the ability to ch allenge the recalculation decision after it is imposed satisfies your due
process rights. Therefore, the Board ’ s recalculation of your maximum sentence date did not violate any constitutional provisions, including double jeopardy.

Next, the Board recommit ted you to serve your unexpired term of 2 years, 4 months for the offenses in question. The presumptive ranges assigned to these offenses are as follows, based on [Sections 75.1 and 75.2 of the Board’s Regulations ,] 37 Pa. Code §§ 75.1

- 75.2:
• Endangering the Welfare of Children (M [isdemeanor (M)] l) = 12 to 18 months

7 Kazickas also notified the Board that it was using an incorrect SCI number for him. See C.R. at 154. The Board corrected the error by decision recorded on April 12, 2017. See C.R. at 161. In addition, on May 1, 2018 , the Board denied Kazickas’ reparole request based on reported misconducts and his unsatisfactory parole supervision history. See C.R. at 162.8 • Intentional Possession of a Controlled Substance (M) = 3 to 6 months
• False Reports

- Reported Offense Did Not Occur (M2) = 3 to 6 months

• [DUI] (M) = 3 to 6 months

• Use / Possession of Dr ug Paraphernalia (M) = 3 to 6 months
Adding these terms together gave the Board a maximum term of 42 months. 37 Pa. Code § 75.2. Therefore the decision for you to serve 2 years, 4 months, falls within the presumptive range and is not subject to challenge

. Smith v. P [ a

. ] B [ d

. ] of Prob [

. ] [ & ] Parole

, 574 A.2d 558 (Pa. 1990).
Finally, the decision on whether to grant or deny a [CPV] credit for time at liberty on parole is purely a matter of discretion. The Prisons and Parole Code [(Parole Code)] authorizes the Board to grant or deny credit for time at liberty on parole for certain criminal offenses. 61 Pa.C.S. § 6138(a)(2.1). To the extent that you claim the Board abused its discretion by not having an adequate reason to deny you credit for the time you s pent at liberty on parole, your request for relief is granted. On January 16, 2019, the Board mailed you a new [B] oard action providing a reason for why you were denied credit for the time you spent at liberty on parole. In this case the reasoning provi ded was that you have unresolved drug and a lcohol i ssues.
Accordingly, the [B]o ard action [recorded December 27, 2016 (] mailed February 21, 2017 [)] , is AFFIRMED as to the Board ’ s authority to recalculate your sentence and the

recomm itment term imposed. To the extent you claim the Board abused its discretion and failed to state a reason for not awarding credit for time at liberty on parole, your request for relief is GRANTED, and the new [B] oard action was mailed on January 16, 2019.

C.R. at 165

- 166.

By decision recorded March 29, 2019 (mailed April 2, 2019), “ DUE TO

RECEIPT OF ADDITIONA L INFORMATION ,” the Board modified its December 27, 2017,
April 12, 2018 and January 11, 2019 actions “ BY CHANGING [ K AZICKAS ’] PAROLE9

VIOLATION MAX DATE T O NOW READ : [M AR CH ] 7[,] 2019 ,” and modified its December

27, 2016 action (mailed February 21, 2017) by chang ing the recommitment portion to

now read: “ RECOMMIT TO A [ N ] [ SCI ] AS A [ CPV ] TO SERVE YOUR UNEXP IRED TERM OF 2

YEARS , 3 MONTHS , 25 DAYS , CONCURRENTLY , FOR A TOTAL OF YOUR UNEXPIRED TE RM

OF 2 YEARS , 3 MO N THS , 25 DAYS .” 8 C.R. at 168 ; see also C.R. at 169

- 171. The
Board’s March 29, 2019 Order to Recommit reflected that Kazickas forfeited “0 []
D[ays]” of prior parole liberty. C.R. at 170. Kazickas appealed to this C ourt. 9

Kazickas ’ sole argument in this appeal is that

, in light of this Court’s
holding in Penjuke v. Pennsylvania Board of Probation & Parole , 203 A.3d 401 (Pa.
Cmwlth. 2019), the Board erred by forfeiting his street time credit upon his

recommitment as a CPV following his recommitment as a TPV with credit for time
served on parole in good standing. 10 The Board rejoins that “ Penjuke does not apply
to this case because the criminal conduct that led to [Kazickas’] recommitment as a
[CPV] occurred during the same period of parole as the violation that led to his
recommitment as a [TPV].” Bd. Br. at 8. This Court agrees with the Board.

Section 6138 of the Parole Code provides, in relevant part:

(a) Convicted violators.

-- (1) A parolee under the jurisdicti on of the [B] oard released from a correctional facility who, during the period of parole or while delinquent on parole, commits a crime punishable by imprisonment, for which the parolee is convicted or

8 Based on the record, the Board credited Kazi ckas five days from April 20 to April 25, 2016, when he was held on the Board’s detainer. See C.R. at 170.

9 “Our scope of review of the Board’s decision denying administrative relief is limited to determining whether necessary findings of fact are supp orted by substantial evidence, an error of law was committed, or constitutional rights have been violated.” Fisher v. Pa. Bd. of Prob. & Parole , 62 A.3d 1073, 1075 n.1 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2013).

10 Kazickas concludes that, since the Board cannot later revoke stre et time credit previously awarded, he completed his Original Sentence on September 1, 2016, and his one

- to two

- year sentence for the Northampton County Charges expired, thus, he should be released from prison immediately.10 found guilty

. . . at any time thereafter in a court o f record, may at the discretion of the [B] oard be recommitted as a parole violator.
(2) If the parolee ’ s recommitment is so ordered, the parolee shall be reentered to serve the remainder of the term which the parolee would have been compelled to serve had the parole not been granted and, except as provided under paragraph (2.1), shall be given no credit for the time at liberty on parole.

(2.1) The [B] oard may, in its discretion, award credit to a parolee recommitted under paragraph (2) for the time spent
at liberty on parole, unless any of the following apply:
(i) The crime committed during the period of parole or while delinquent on parole is a crime of violence as defined in [Section 9714(g) of the Sentencing Code,] 42 Pa.C.S. § 9714(g) (relating to senten ces for second and subsequent offenses) or a crime requiring registration under [Sentencing Code] Subch. H (relating to registration of sexual offenders).

. . . . (c) Technical violators.

-- (1) A parolee under the jurisdiction of the [B] oard who violates the terms and conditions of his parole,

. . . may be detained pending a hearing before the [B] oard or waiver of the hearing or recommitted after a hearing before the [B] oard or a waiver of the hearing.

. . . . (2) If the parolee is recommitted under this subsection, the parolee shall be given credit for the time served on parole in good standing but with no credit for delinquent time and may be reentered to serve the remainder of the original
sentence or sentences.
(3) The remainder shall be computed by t he [B] oard from the time the parolee ’ s delinquent conduct occurred for the unexpired period of the maximum sentence imposed by the court without credit for the period the parolee was11 delinquent on parole. The parolee shall serve the remainder so computed from the date the parolee is taken into custody on the warrant of the [B] oard

. 61 Pa.C.S. § 6138.

This Court has ruled:

U nder the current statutory regime, the [] Board must [] decide whether to award or deny credit for street time upon a parolee ’ s recom mitment as a [CPV]

. See 61 Pa.C.S. § 6138(a)(2.1). Once the [] Board grants sentence credit for street time , it is gone. The only extant ‘time spent at liberty on parole’ will be that time that falls between the parolee’s most recent reparole and his recommitment

. Id.

Young v. Pa

. B d

. of Prob . & Parole , 189 A.3d 16 , 21 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2018) ( emphasis
added; foot note omitted). 11 In Penjuke , this Court again declared:

[ T ] he Board could not ‘ reach back

, ’ Brady [ v. P a

. B d. of Prob . & Parole (Pa. Cmwlth. No. 262 C.D. 2018, filed August 7 , 2019) ( Brady I ) ] , slip op. at 9, into the past periods of parole and [] take a way or revoke credit that was previously granted

. . . as a TPV

- credit which, we stated in Young , should have ‘ already been applied to his original sentence

. ’ [ Young ,] 189 A.3d at 21.

Penjuke , 203 A.3d at 417 (emphasi s added)

. Accordingly, the Penjuke Court ruled,

“ when the Board recommits a CPV, it cannot revoke the credit that a parolee has been
granted in a previous parole that resulted in recommitment as a TPV. ” Id . at 420
(emphasis added) ; see also Brady v. P a

. B d

. of Prob

. & Parole (Pa. Cmwlth. No. 262
C.D. 2018, filed February 1, 2019) ( Brady II ) (the Board may only order forfeiture of
street time credit a parolee earned between the date of the most recent

11 The Pennsylvania Supreme Court granted an appeal in Young

. See Young v. Pa. Bd. of Prob. & Parole

, 200 A.3d 5 (Pa. 2019).12

parole/reparole and his CPV recommitment , and may not f orfeit street time credited
to a parolee in a prior parole period ). 12

Here , Kazickas was paroled on January 13, 2014. See C.R. at 8. By

decision rendered June 1, 2016 (mailed June 8, 2016) , t he Board recommitted

Kazickas as a TPV and granted him street time credit, as Section 6138(b)(2) of the

Parole Code mandates

. By determination made December 27, 2016 (mailed February
21, 2017), the Board modified its decision to recommit Kazickas as a TPV rendered
June 1, 2016 (mailed June 8, 2016) by also recommitt ing Kazickas as a CPV and

direct ing him to serve the remainder of his sentence, as Section 6138(a)(2) of the

Parole Code allows

. Kazickas committed the technical and criminal parole violations
at issue in this appeal in the same parole period. Because th e criminal conduct that
led to Kazickas’ CPV recommitment occurred during the same parole period as the

violation that led to his TPV recommitment, Penjuke does not control in this case.

Moreover, the Board was authorized to and did make Kazickas’
Septem ber 1, 2016 maximum sentence release date “ SUBJECT TO CHANGE IF [ HE WAS ]

CONVICTED OF [ THOSE ] PENDING CRIMINAL CHA RGES .” C.R. at 54 ; see also C.R. at 5 5

-
57. Therefore, despite that Kazickas s erved his TPV recommitment first in time, and

he reached what w as, at that time, his maximum sentence date, the Boar d did not
improperly revoke street time credit granted in a prior parole period. Rather, as it
was authorized to do, the Board ordered that Kazickas forfeit the time he spent at
liberty on parole in goo d standing between his most recent parole (i.e., January 13,
2014) and his CPV recommitment.

12 This Court acknowledges that its unreported memorandum opinions may only be cited “for [their] persuasive value, but not as binding precedent.” Section 414(a) of the Commonwealth Court’s Internal Operating Procedures, 210 Pa. Code § 69.414(a).13 Based on the foregoing, the Board’s January 30, 2019 order is affirmed.

___________________________ ANNE E. COVEY, JudgeIN THE COMMONWEALTH CO URT OF PENNSYLVANIA

Cole J. Kazickas, :

Petitioner :

:

v. :

: Pennsylvania Board : of Probation and Parole, : No. 214 C.D. 2019

Respondent :

O R D E R

AND NOW, this 7 th day of February , 20 20

, the Pennsylvania Board o f

Probation and Parole’s January 30, 2019 order is affirmed

.

___________________________ ANNE E. COVEY, Judge