# Patent

## Title
Foldable electronic book

## Abstract

An electronic book comprising a first housing portion; a second housing portion; a cylindrical spine interposed between the first and second housing portions and pivotally connecting the first housing portion to the second housing portion; a flexible display screen fast with inner faces of the first and second housings and spanning the spine; first and second microprocessor circuitry respectively positioned in the first and second housing portions behind the flexible display screen; a scan head for scanning a data card, the scan head provided on the first microprocessor circuitry on a surface opposite the flexible display screen, the scan head facing away from the flexible display screen; and an internal cartridge for holding a card fed pass the scan head, the internal cartridge having a clear backing window through which an un-scanned surface of the card is visible. The spine defines a recess to accommodate a curvature of the screen when the first and second housing portions are pivoted about the spine in a closed condition.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/329,040 filed Jan. 11, 2006, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/942,602 filed on Aug. 31, 2001, all of which are herein incorporated by reference.


TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to an electronic book or “e-book” being a device that presents text and/or graphics, for example the text of a book or magazine and associated pictures, upon an electronic screen. Such devices typically comprise a display screen, for example an LCD screen under control of a programmed microprocessor. The microprocessor reads data from a data storage medium such as a Micro-CD-ROM or memory card such as a PCMIA card and converts the data into text and/or graphics that are displayed on the LCD screen.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
One commercially available electronic book is the REB1100 available from RCA. That device has a monochrome LCD touch screen and a built in 33.6 kbps v.34 capable modem that allows digital book data to be downloaded from a remote database into an onboard 8 MB memory.
In U.S. Pat. No. 6,229,502 there is described an electronic book which is configured to read digital book data from a ROM such as a PCMIA card.
In U.S. Pat. No. 6,037,954 to McMahon there is described an electronic book which includes a Micro-CD-ROM drive for reading digital book data encoded onto a Micro-CD-ROM.
One problem with these devices is that they rely on data storage or distribution systems which are relatively expensive and complex to implement.
SUMMARY
According to an embodiment of the present invention, an electronic book comprises a first housing portion; a second housing portion; a cylindrical spine interposed between the first and second housing portions and pivotally connecting the first housing portion to the second housing portion; a flexible display screen fast with inner faces of the first and second housings and spanning the spine; first and second microprocessor circuitry respectively positioned in the first and second housing portions behind the flexible display screen; a scan head for scanning a data card, the scan head provided on the first microprocessor circuitry on a surface opposite the flexible display screen, the scan head facing away from the flexible display screen; and an internal cartridge for holding a card fed pass the scan head, the internal cartridge having a clear backing window through which an un-scanned surface of the card is visible. The spine defines a recess to accommodate a curvature of the screen when the first and second housing portions are pivoted about the spine in a closed condition.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of an apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of the apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a third perspective view of the apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the apparatus shown open for use.
FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the apparatus.
FIG. 6 is a system block diagram of the apparatus.
FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view of the apparatus open and through line B-B′ of FIG. 4.
FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view of the apparatus closed and through line B-B′ of FIG. 4.
FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view of the apparatus through line A-A′ of FIG. 4.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The drawings illustrate an electronic book that is configured to read data encoded as a pattern printed on a sheet of card.
With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, there is depicted a view of the front of an electronic book or “e-book” 2 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. The e-book has a foldable housing including first and second housing portions in the form of front door 6 and a rear door 8 each pivotally connected to a spine 16. A clasp 14 holds the two doors closed when the e-book is not being used. The outside of the front door 6 features a clear window 10 through which a data card 18 is visible. The data card is inserted under the window through a card slot 24 and is engaged by a roller and fed into an internal cartridge 38 (FIG. 5). On one side of the data card there is printed information for a user to read such as the title and author of a book. Accordingly a user of the e-book is able to determine at a glance the content that the e-book is loaded with. The text of the book is encoded as a pattern on the reverse side of the data card.
At the top of the outside of front door 6 there is located an eject button 12. Upon operation of the eject button, card 18 is ejected from the e-book by the internal roller mechanism.
At the base of spine 16 there is located a battery cover 4 that covers a battery compartment for accommodating two AAA size batteries that power the e-book.
The outside of rear door 8 is visible in FIG. 3. Storage magazine 20 is hinged to swing out from rear door 8 to a position, as shown, where data cards 22 may be stored or selected for removal and insertion into card slot 24.
FIG. 4 shows the e-book with the front and rear doors swung about spine 16 to an open position. In that position a flexible LCD screen 24 is visible. It is preferred that a VGA resolution monochrome screen be used being a passive bi-stable reflective polymer doped liquid crystal (PDLC) display fabricated on a flexible polymer substrate.
By using a bi-stable screen power consumption is reduced as the screen draws zero current while presenting a static image.
The LCD screen operatively displays the text of the book encoded on card 24. A user of the e-book is able to control which page of text is presented by means of joystick 26.
The internal arrangement of the e-book may be comprehended by referring to FIG. 5 which is an exploded view. It will be noted that on the underside of LCD 24 there are located two PCBs 26 and 28. PCB 28 has mounted directly upon it a scanner head 30. The PCBs 26 and 28 are loaded with various electronic components including a microprocessor, RAM and ROM memory chips and power supply conditioning circuitry. It is envisaged that a VLIW microprocessor and accompanying circuitry, as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/113,053 and hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, be used. PCBs 26 and 28 communicate by means of conductive traces on the back of flexible LCD 24. The conductive traces terminate in peripheral contact regions 58 and 60 of the LCD screen which are folded over the edges of the PCB's to form connections with contact pads on the PCBs.
Adjacent scan head 30 there is located a motor 32 which drives roller 34 via reduction gearing. A switch 36 is provided to detect depression of eject button 12. FIG. 6 provides a further exploded view internal cartridge 38 and window 10.
Power for the electric motor and various circuit modules is conveyed from a battery compartment in the spine of the e-book to PCB 28 by means of cable 29.
A block diagram of various electronic components of the e-book is shown in FIG. 6. Power from batteries 40 is conditioned and distributed by power supply circuit 42 to the various circuit modules located on the PCBs. To extend battery life, the processor circuitry is powered down whenever the screen display is constant. Near zero power consumption allows the e-book to appear to always be “on” in the manner of a conventional paper based book.
Processing module 44 includes a central processing unit 46, which communicates with BIOS memory chip 48 and RAM 50 in the conventional manner. The CPU operates according to a program stored in program memory chip 52. The processing module receives data and control signals from eject sensor 36, joystick 26 and scanner 30. In a further, more complex implementation, LCD screen 24 may be touch sensitive in which case the processing module would also be responsive to command signals generated by a user touching the LCD screen.
In operation a book data card is inserted through card slot 24. In response card insertion sensor 48 generates a signal alerting processing module 44 to activate electric motor 32 thereby causing roller 34 to draw the card into internal cartridge 38. As the card is drawn in scan head 30 converts a pattern on the card into corresponding data signals which are decoded by CPU 46 according to an algorithm implemented in the software stored in program memory chip 52. The resulting decoded text file is stored in RAM 50.
The decoded signals are displayed as readable text on LCD 24 under control of display controller 44. Of course, as referred to previously, in magazines and some books, such as childrens' books, technical volumes and manuals, illustrations or graphics may feature prominently. Accordingly, the software stored in program memory chip 52 may also include instructions to decode figures encoded on the book data card.
The processing module 44 is responsive to signals generated by joystick 26 and is programmed to allow a user to move forward or backwards through the displayed text. In particular, processing module 44 retrieves different data segments from RAM 50 in response to movement of the joystick.
Several systems for encoding the data cards are appropriate and have been described in the prior art. For example, in U.S. Pat. No. 6,176,427 there is described a method for coding digital data, such as a text file, into a pattern printable on an A4 or Letter size piece of paper. In the system that is described it is possible to encode slightly more than 1 MB of data on to one side of a printed letter size page of paper using a high resolution printer and a 600 dpi scanner. In the presently described preferred embodiment the scanner head 30 is implemented by means of the scan head technology described in the previously incorporated U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/113,053 Such a scanner has an output resolution of 4800 dpi.
It is further envisaged that the data card be produced using the very high resolution print heads described in the previously referred to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/113,053.
Accordingly the amount of data that may be stored on a data card of dimensions 8.5 cm×5 cm (3.5′′×2′′) is approximately 1 Mb. Encoding of the text on to the data card may be performed as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/112,781 which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Accordingly an entire novel may be stored on a single credit card sized plastic card by means of a pattern formed as an array of 16 million printed ink dots. The manufacturing cost per card is less than 1 cent, or about one fiftieth the cost of manufacturing a floppy disk. While it is envisaged that the card be made of plastic it would also be possible to use other substrates such as paper.
While it is primarily envisaged that the data stored on the data card will correspond to the text of a book or magazine, it is also possible to encode an executable program file. Accordingly updates to the software program stored in program memory 43 may be conveniently distributed in the form of encoded data cards.
The mechanical arrangement of the e-book will now be described further with reference to FIG. 7 where it will be noted that front door 6 and rear door 8 are independently pivoted about hinges 50 and 52. Power cable 29 is deliberately left slack to accommodate movement of the front door 6 during closure of the book. It will be noted that the spine 16 and outer surfaces of the front and rear doors are configured so that upon fully opening the e-book the flexible LCD screen is drawn taught and flat for convenient viewing.
A further cross sectional view of the e-book, with doors 6 and 8 brought to a closed position appears in FIG. 8. It will be noted that in the closed position a mid portion 54 of the flexible LCD screen 24 is able to loop into the spine by virtue of a recess formed in the spine for and front and rear doors for receiving the screen. Consequently creasing and damage of the LCD screen is avoided.
Also visible in FIG. 8 are screen-to-PCB contact areas 58, 60 which respectively connect the underside of the PCB to the outer edges of each of PCBs 26 and 28. As previously explained, conductive traces on the underside of the PCB provide a path for the PCBs to exchange power and data signals.
A further cross-sectional view is provided in FIG. 9 through the long axis of spine 16 showing two AAA batteries located in a battery compartment formed in the spine.
As will be realized by those skilled in the art, embodiments of the invention other than the preferred embodiment described in detail herein are possible. Accordingly the following claims are not to be read as limited by the preferred embodiment.

## Claims

1. An electronic book comprising:
a first housing portion;
a second housing portion;
a cylindrical spine interposed between the first and second housing portions and pivotally connecting the first housing portion to the second housing portion;
a flexible display screen fast with inner faces of the first and second housings and spanning the spine;
first and second microprocessor circuitry respectively positioned in the first and second housing portions behind the flexible display screen;
a scan head for scanning a data card, the scan head provided on the first microprocessor circuitry on a surface opposite the flexible display screen, the scan head facing away from the flexible display screen; and
an internal cartridge for holding a card fed pass the scan head, the internal cartridge having a clear backing window through which an un-scanned surface of the card is visible,
wherein the spine defines a recess to accommodate a curvature of the screen when the first and second housing portions are pivoted about the spine in a closed condition.

2. An electronic book as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first housing portion defines a card slot, the card slot being defined on an outer face of the first housing opposite the inner face to which the flexible display screen is fast, the card slot providing entry to the internal cartridge.

3. An electronic book as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a roller mechanism positioned in the first housing adjacent the card slot, the roller mechanism operable to retract a card inserted into the card slot into the internal cartridge pass the scan head, the roller mechanism being actuated when the card is inserted into the slot.

4. An electronic book as claimed in claim 3, wherein a card insertion sensor is positioned in the first housing proximate the card slot to detect the insertion of the card into the card slot and to generate a signal received by the microprocessor circuitry to activate the roller mechanism.

5. An electronic book as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first and second microprocessor circuitry each include a printed circuit board mounted in each housing portion and loaded with processing modules including a central processor unit, a BIOS memory integrated circuit and a RAM.

6. An electronic book, as claimed in claim 5, wherein each printed circuit board is connected to the flexible display screen with conductive traces terminating in peripheral contact regions of the display.

7. An electronic book as claimed in claim 5, wherein a battery compartment is positioned in the spine, the battery compartment being connected to each printed circuit board to supply power to each printed circuit board.