# Patent

## Title
Engine valve operating system

## Abstract

In an engine valve operating system, a camshaft (36) is supported via a bearing (41) on a cylinder head (5) having an intake valve (29i) and an exhaust valve (29e)provided therein, and an intake rocker arm (38i)and an exhaust rocker arm (38e)are mounted on a rocker arm shaft (42) supported on the cylinder head (5) so as to be parallel to the camshaft (36), the intake rocker arm (38i)and the exhaust rocker arm (38e)respectively providing a connection between the camshaft (36) and the intake valve (29i)and between the camshaft (36) and the exhaust valve (29e). A fixing bolt (44) that abuts against an end part of the rocker arm shaft (42) so as to restrict movement thereof in the thrust direction is screwed into the cylinder head (5), and a flange seat (44a)that abuts against one side face of the bearing (41) so as to restrict movement thereof in the thrust direction is formed integrally with the fixing bolt (44). Therefore, there is provided a compact engine valve operating system in which means for restricting movement in the thrust direction of a camshaft and a rocker shaft is shared to thus reduce the number of components and simplify the structure.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a National Stage entry of International Application No. PCT/JP2006/312286, filed Jun. 20, 2006, the entire specification claims and drawings of which are incorporated herewith by reference.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an improvement of an engine valve operating system in which a camshaft is supported via a bearing on a cylinder head having an intake valve and an exhaust valve provided therein, and an intake rocker arm and an exhaust rocker arm are mounted on a rocker shaft supported on the cylinder head so as to be parallel to the camshaft, the intake rocker arm and the exhaust rocker arm respectively providing a connection between the camshaft and the intake valve and between the camshaft and the exhaust valve.
Background Art
Such an engine valve operating system is already known, as disclosed in Patent Publication 1.
Patent Publication 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 1-22883
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
In such an engine valve operating system, since means for restricting movement of the camshaft and the rocker shaft in the thrust direction are provided individually, the number of components is large, the structure becomes complicated and, moreover, making the system compact is difficult.
The present invention has been accomplished under the above-mentioned circumstances, and it is an object thereof to provide a compact engine valve operating system in which means for restricting movement in the thrust direction of a camshaft and a rocker shaft is shared to thus reduce the number of components and simplify the structure.
Means to Solve the Problems
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first feature of the present invention, there is provided an engine valve operating system in which a camshaft is supported via a bearing on a cylinder head having an intake valve and an exhaust valve provided therein, and an intake rocker arm and an exhaust rocker arm are mounted on a rocker arm shaft supported on the cylinder head so as to be parallel to the camshaft, the intake rocker arm and the exhaust rocker arm respectively providing a connection between the camshaft and the intake valve and between the camshaft and the exhaust valve, characterized in that a fixing member that abuts against an end part of the rocker arm shaft so as to restrict movement thereof in a thrust direction is secured to the cylinder head, and a restraining portion that abuts against one side face of the bearing so as to restrict movement thereof in a thrust direction is formed integrally with the fixing member.
According to a second feature of the present invention, in addition to the first feature, the fixing member comprises a fixing bolt screwed into the cylinder head, and the restraining portion comprises a flange seat formed on a head part of the fixing bolt.
According to a third feature of the present invention, in addition to the second feature, one end part of the rocker arm shaft is supported by a pouch-shaped first support hole formed in the cylinder head, the other end part of the rocker arm shaft is supported by a through-hole-shaped second support hole formed in the cylinder head, and the fixing bolt is screwed into an outer end part of the second support hole.
According to a fourth feature of the present invention, in addition to the second feature, one end part of the camshaft is supported by a pouch-shaped bearing hole formed in the cylinder head, and the other end part of the camshaft is supported by the cylinder head via the bearing, and the flange seat abuts against an outer side face of the bearing.
Effects of the Invention
In accordance with the first feature of the present invention, since the single fixing member is involved in restriction of movement, in the thrust direction, of both the rocker shaft and the camshaft, it is possible to reduce the number of components of the valve operating system, simplify its structure, and make it compact.
In accordance with the second feature of the present invention, merely screwing one fixing bolt into the cylinder head can restrict movement of both the rocker shaft and the camshaft in the thrust direction, thus improving the ease of assembly of the system.
In accordance with the third feature of the present invention, movement of the rocker shaft in the thrust direction can be simply and reliably inhibited by the pouch-shaped first support hole of the cylinder head and the fixing bolt.
In accordance with the fourth feature of the present invention, movement of the camshaft in the thrust direction can be simply and reliably inhibited by the pouch-shaped bearing hole of the cylinder head and the flange seat of the fixing bolt.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a sectional plan view of a general purpose four-cycle engine according to the present invention (first embodiment).
FIG. 2 is a sectional view along line 2-2 in FIG. 1 (first embodiment).
FIG. 3 is a sectional view along line 3-3 in FIG. 1 (first embodiment).
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of an area around a crankshaft in FIG. 1 (first embodiment).
FIG. 5 is a view from arrow 5 in FIG. 4 (first embodiment).
FIG. 6 is a sectional view along line 6-6 in FIG. 2 (first embodiment).
FIG. 7 is a sectional view along line 7-7 in FIG. 2 (first embodiment).
FIG. 8 is a sectional view along line 8-8 in FIG. 6 (first embodiment).
FIG. 9 is a sectional view along line 9-9 in FIG. 7 (first embodiment).
FIG. 10 is a view from arrow 10 in FIG. 8 (first embodiment).
FIG. 11 is a view, corresponding to FIG. 10, in a state in which a driven pulley is removed (first embodiment).
FIG. 12 is a view for describing a procedure of mounting the driven pulley on a camshaft (first embodiment).



EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS AND SYMBOLS
E engine

    5 cylinder head
    29i intake valve
    29e exhaust valve
    35 valve operating system
    36 camshaft
    38i intake rocker arm
    38e exhaust rocker arm
    39 pouch-shaped bearing hole
    41 bearing (ball bearing)
    42 rocker shaft
    43′ pouch-shaped first support hole
    43 through-hole-shaped second support hole
    44 fixing member (fixing bolt)
    44a restraining portion (flange seat)


BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Mode for carrying out the present invention is described below by reference to a preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in the attached drawings.
EMBODIMENT 1
Referring first to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, an engine main body 1 of a general purpose four-cycle engine E includes: as components a crankcase 2 having on its lower part a mounting seat 2a; a cylinder block 3 connected integrally to the crankcase 2 and having an upwardly inclined cylinder bore 3a; and a cylinder head 5 joined to an upper end face of the cylinder block 3 via a gasket 4. Four main connecting bolts 6 disposed at four positions around the cylinder bore 3a and two auxiliary connecting bolts 7 and 7, which will be described later, are used and for joining, that is, securing the cylinder head 5 to the cylinder block 3.
The crankcase 2 has one open side face; a plurality of steps 8, 8 are formed integrally on an inner peripheral wall slightly close to the inside relative to the open side face, the steps 8, 8 being arranged in the peripheral direction so as to face toward the open side face, and a bearing bracket 10 is secured to these steps 8, 8 via a plurality of bolts 11, 11. This bearing bracket 10 and another side wall of the crankcase 2 support opposite end parts of a horizontally disposed crankshaft 12 via bearings 13 and 13′. Furthermore, opposite end parts of a balancer shaft 14 disposed adjacent to and in parallel with the crankshaft 12 are similarly supported via bearings 15 and 15 by the bearing bracket 10 and said other side wall of the crankcase 2.
As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, a continuous reinforcing rib 16 is formed integrally with the outer periphery of the crankcase 2 so as to surround the plurality of steps 8, 8, and an end part of the reinforcing rib 16 is connected integrally to an outside wall of the cylinder block 3, which is integral with the crankcase 2.
Since the reinforcing rib 16 provides, on the outer periphery of the crankcase 2, mutual connection between the plurality of steps 8, 8, which are inside the reinforcing rib 16, the rigidity with which the bearing bracket 10 is supported by these steps 8, 8 and, consequently, the rigidity with which the crankshaft 12 is supported by the bearing bracket 10, can be increased effectively. As a result, the crankcase 2 can be made thin and light. In particular, since an end part of the reinforcing rib 16 is connected integrally to the outside wall of the cylinder block 3, the reinforcing function of the reinforcing rib 16 can be enhanced, thus further increasing the rigidity with which the bearing bracket 10 is supported.
A side cover 17 is joined to the crankcase 2 via a plurality of bolts 24 to close the open face on said one side of the crankcase 2. One end part of the crankshaft 12 runs through the side cover 17 and projects outward as an output shaft part, and an oil seal 18 is mounted on the side cover 17 to be in intimate contact with the outer periphery of the output shaft part.
Referring again to FIG. 1, the other end part of the crankshaft 12 runs through said other side wall of the crankcase 2, and an oil seal 19 is mounted on said other side wall of the crankcase 2 to be in intimate contact with said other end part of the crankshaft 12 so as to be adjacent to the outside of the bearing 13′. A flywheel 21, which also functions as a rotor of a generator 20, is secured to said other end part of the crankshaft 12, and a cooling fan 22 is attached to an outside face of the flywheel 21. Furthermore, a recoil-type starter 23, which is supported on the crankcase 2, is disposed so as to face said other end part of the crankshaft 12.
In FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, a piston 25 fitted into the cylinder bore 3a is connected to the crankshaft 12 via a connecting rod 26. A combustion chamber 27 communicating with the cylinder bore 3a, and an intake port 28i and an exhaust port 28e each opening in the combustion chamber 27 are formed in the cylinder head 5. An intake valve 29i and an exhaust valve 29e are mounted in the cylinder head 5 for opening and closing the ends of the intake and exhaust ports 28i and 28e respectively that open to the combustion chamber 27. Valve springs 30i and 30e are fitted onto the intake and exhaust valves 29i and 29e to urge these valves 29i and 29e in a direction in which they close. The intake and exhaust valves 29i and 29e are opened and closed by a valve operating system 35 operating in cooperation with these valve springs 30i and 30e. 
The valve operating system 35 is described by reference to FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 to FIG. 12.
Referring first to FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 6, the valve operating system 35 comprises a camshaft 36, a timing transmission system 37, an intake rocker arm 38i, and an exhaust rocker arm 38e. The camshaft 36 is supported on the cylinder head 5 so as to be parallel to the crankshaft 12, and includes an intake cam 36i and an exhaust cam 36e. The timing transmission system 37 provides a connection between the crankshaft 12 and the camshaft 36. The intake rocker arm 38i provides an operative connection between the intake cam 36i and the intake valve 29i. The exhaust rocker arm 38e provides an operative connection between the exhaust cam 36e and the exhaust valve 29e. 
The camshaft 36 has opposite end parts supported by a pouch-shaped bearing hole 39 and a ball bearing 41, the bearing hole 39 being formed in one side wall 5a of the cylinder head 5, and the ball bearing 41 being fitted into a bearing fitting hole 40 of a dividing wall 5b in a middle section of the cylinder head 5. One common rocker shaft 42 swingably supporting the intake and exhaust rocker arms 38i and 38e has opposite end parts supported by first and second support holes 43′ and 43 formed in said one side wall 5a and the dividing wall 5b, respectively. The first support hole 43′ of said one side wall 5a is pouch-shaped, and the second support 43 of the dividing wall 5b is a through hole. A fixing bolt 44 having its extremity abutting against the outer end of the rocker shaft 42 is screwed into the dividing wall 5b at an outer end part of the second support hole 43. The rocker shaft 42 is thus prevented from moving in a thrust direction by the pouch-shaped first support hole 43′ and the fixing bolt 44.
The fixing bolt 44 has on its head part an integral flange seat 44a having a relatively large diameter, the flange seat 44a abutting against an outer end face of an outer race 41a of the ball bearing 41 supporting the camshaft 36.
An inner race 41b of the ball bearing 41 is press-fitted onto the camshaft 36. Thus, when the flange seat 44a of the fixing bolt 44 abuts against the outer end of the outer race 41a as described above, the camshaft 36 is prevented from moving in a thrust direction by the pouch-shaped bearing hole 39 and the flange seat 44a. 
Therefore, it is possible to prevent movement in the thrust direction for both the rocker shaft 42 and the camshaft 36 by means of one fixing bolt 44, thus reducing the number of components of the valve operating system 35, simplifying the structure thereof, contributing to making it compact, and contributing to an improvement in the assemblability of the system 35.
The timing transmission system 37 comprises a toothed drive pulley 45 secured to the crankshaft 12, a toothed driven pulley 46 secured to the camshaft 36, and an endless timing belt 47 wound around the drive and driven pulleys 45 and 46, the number of teeth of the driven pulley 46 being twice of that of the drive pulley 45. Rotation of the crankshaft 12 is therefore reduced by 1⁄2 by this timing transmission system 37, and transmitted to the camshaft 36. Due to rotation of the camshaft 36, the intake and exhaust cams 36i and 36e make the intake and exhaust rocker arms 38i and 38e swing against the urging forces of the valve springs 30i and 30e respectively, thereby opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves 29i and 29e. 
This timing transmission system 37 is housed in a timing transmission chamber 48 formed by connecting in sequence a lower chamber 48a, a middle chamber 48b, and an upper chamber 48c, the lower chamber 48a being defined between the bearing bracket 10 and the side cover 17, the middle chamber 48b being formed in the cylinder block 3 on one side of the cylinder bore 3a, and the upper chamber 48c being formed on one side of the cylinder head 5. That is, the drive pulley 45 is disposed in the lower chamber 48a, the driven pulley 46 is disposed in the upper chamber 48c, and the timing belt 47 is disposed so as to run through the middle chamber 48b. In this way, the space between the bearing bracket 10 and the side cover 17 is utilized effectively for arranging the timing transmission system 37, thereby making the engine E compact.
A valve operating chamber 49 having an open upper face is formed in the cylinder head 5 between said one side wall 5a and the dividing wall 5b, and the intake and exhaust cams 36i and 36e of the camshaft 36 and the intake and exhaust rocker arms 38i and 38e, etc. are housed in the valve operating chamber 49. The open upper face of the valve operating chamber 49 is closed by a head cover 52 joined to the cylinder head 5 via a bolt 53.
The upper chamber 48c of the timing transmission chamber 48 and the valve operating chamber 49 communicate with each other via an oil passage hole 75 (see FIG. 8 and FIG. 11) provided in the dividing wall 5b and a plurality of oil passage channels 76 (see FIG. 6 and FIG. 11) provided on an inner peripheral face of the bearing fitting hole 40.
In FIG. 6 to FIG. 9, an access window 55 is provided on an outer end face 5c of the cylinder head 5, the access window 55 opening the upper chamber 48c so that the outer side face of the driven pulley 46 faces the access window 55. The access window 55 is used for inserting the driven pulley 46 within the timing belt 47, and mounting the driven pulley 46 on the camshaft 36. A lid body 57 closing the access window 55 is joined to the outer end face 5c via a seal 56 by means of a plurality of bolts 58.
As clearly shown in FIG. 6, the outer end face 5c of the cylinder head 5, to which the lid body 57 is joined, comprises an inclined face 5c that is inclined so that at least part of the outer periphery of the driven pulley 46 on the side opposite to the drive pulley 45 is exposed through the access window 55, and preferably at least half the periphery of the driven pulley 46 on the side opposite to the drive pulley 45 is exposed through the access window 55.
The structure with which the driven pulley 46 is mounted on the camshaft 36 is now described.
As shown in FIG. 6, the driven pulley 46 comprises a bottomed cylindrical hub 46a, a web 46b that widens radially from the hub 46a, and a toothed rim 46c formed on the outer periphery of the web 46b. The hub 46a is fitted onto the outer periphery of an outer end part of the camshaft 36 projecting toward the upper chamber 48c side. An end wall of the hub 46a is provided with a bolt hole 60 positioned eccentrically to the center of the hub 46a, and a positioning groove 61 extending from one side of the bolt hole 60 to the side exactly opposite to the direction of the eccentricity. Furthermore, a first match mark 62a is cut into an outer side face of the rim 46c, and a second match mark 62b corresponding to the first match mark 62a is cut into the outer end face 5c of the cylinder head 5. Moreover, the web 46b is provided with a plurality of through holes 64, 64 that penetrate it.
The outer end part of the camshaft 36 is provided, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 11, with a threaded hole 66 corresponding to the bolt hole 60 and a positioning pin 67 corresponding to the positioning groove 61.
When the crankshaft 12 is at a predetermined rotational position corresponding to a specified position (for example, top dead center) of the piston 25, and the camshaft 36 is at a position in a predetermined phase relationship with respect to the crankshaft 12, the first match mark 62a and the second match mark 62b, the bolt hole 60 and the threaded hole 66, and the positioning groove 61 and the positioning pin 67 each coincide with each other on a straight line L running through the centers of the two shafts 12 and 36.
When the driven pulley 46 is mounted on the camshaft 36, the crankshaft 12 is first fixed at the rotational position corresponding to the specified position of the piston 25. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 12(A), the driven pulley 46 is put inside the timing belt 47, which has been wound around the drive pulley 45 in advance, while making the first match mark 62a of the rim 46c match the second match mark 62b of the cylinder head 5. Next, as shown in FIG. 12(B), when the driven pulley 46 is moved together with the timing belt 47 so that the bolt hole 60 of the driven pulley 46 receives the positioning pin 67 of the camshaft 36 and the positioning pin 67 is then guided into the positioning groove 61, the camshaft 36 rotates in response thereto; and when the positioning pin 67 reaches the extremity of the positioning groove 61, as shown in FIG. 12(C), the bolt hole 60 and the threaded hole 66 match each other at the same time as the camshaft 36 and the hub 46a are coaxially aligned.
In this way, by the remarkably simple operation of guiding the positioning pin 67 received by the bolt hole 60 to the positioning groove 61, the first and second match marks 62a and 62b, the bolt hole 60 and the threaded hole 66, and the positioning groove 61 and the positioning pin 67 are all aligned on the straight line L running through the centers of the crankshaft 12 and the camshaft 36. By visually checking this state, it can easily be confirmed that the crankshaft 12 and the camshaft 36 are in the predetermined phase relationship.
As shown in FIG. 6, screwing and tightening the mounting bolt 68 into the threaded hole 66 through the bolt hole 60 enables the hub 46a to be fixed to the camshaft 36. In this way, the timing transmission system 37 is mounted on the crankshaft 12 and the camshaft 36, which are mounted on the crankcase 2 and the cylinder head 5 in advance, in the predetermined phase relationship.
In this case, since the bolt hole 60 and the threaded hole 66 are positioned eccentrically to the centers of the hub 46a and the camshaft 36 respectively, rotation of the driven pulley 46 can be transmitted reliably to the camshaft 36 via one eccentric mounting bolt 68, and it is also possible to prevent the mounting bolt 68 from loosening.
Furthermore, since the threaded hole 66 and the positioning pin 67 are positioned eccentrically, in mutually opposite directions, to the center of the camshaft 36, a sufficient degree of eccentricity can be given to each of the bolt hole 60 and the positioning groove 61, which are formed in a narrow end wall of the hub 46a of the driven pulley 46, thereby enhancing the positioning effect of the positioning groove 61 relative to the positioning pin and the torque capacity of the mounting bolt 68.
As described above, since the outer end face of the cylinder head 5 on which the access window 55 opens is the inclined face 5c, and part of the outer periphery of the driven pulley 46 is exposed through the access window 55, the part of the driven pulley 46 exposed outside the access window 55 can easily be held by a tool, etc. without interference by the cylinder head 5, thereby facilitating the mounting of the driven pulley 46 on the camshaft 36 and the removal thereof. Therefore, this contributes to an improvement in the assemblability and the ease of maintenance.
A side wall 73 of the lid body 57 joined to the outer end face 5c of the cylinder head 5, that is, the inclined face 5c, is formed so as to be inclined along the inclined face 5c. With this arrangement, a head part of the engine main body 1 is shaped such that its lateral width narrows toward the extremity side, thus making the engine E compact.
As shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 9, a pair of projecting parts 70 and 70 projecting outwardly of the access window 55 beneath the access window 55 are formed on the cylinder head 5; these projecting parts 70 and 70 are superimposed on an upper end face, on the outside of the middle chamber 48b, of the cylinder block 3 via the gasket 4, and secured to the cylinder block 3 via the auxiliary connecting bolts 7 and 7.
In accordance with such securing by the auxiliary connecting bolts 7 and 7, it is possible to adequately increase the surface pressure acting on the gasket 4 from the cylinder block 3 and the cylinder head 5 even outside the middle chamber 48b housing the timing belt 47. Moreover, since the presence of the inclined face 5c secures a sufficient space above the auxiliary connecting bolts 7 and 7, for receiving a tool for operating the auxiliary connecting bolts 7 and 7, tightening of the auxiliary connecting bolts 7 and 7 can easily be carried out. This means that the extent to which the projecting parts 70 and 70 project outwardly of the access window 55 can be made small, and this also contributes to making the engine E compact.
Tightening the auxiliary connecting bolts 7 and 7 is carried out prior to the lid body 57 being mounted.
Lubrication of the valve operating system 35 is now described.
In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, FIG. 6, and FIG. 8, the lower chamber 48a of the timing transmission chamber 48 communicates with the interior of the crankcase 2, that is, the crank chamber 9, through the plurality of steps 8, 8 on the inner wall of the crankcase 2 supporting the bearing bracket 10, and a predetermined amount of lubricating oil 71 that is common to the crank chamber 9 and the lower chamber 48a accumulates in these chambers.
As shown in FIG. 3, an impeller type oil slinger 72 is disposed in the lower chamber 48a so that part of the oil slinger 72 is submerged in the oil 71 that accumulates in the lower chamber 48a. The oil slinger 72 is driven by the crankshaft 12 via gears 74 and 74′. This oil slinger 72 scatters the oil 71 around by its rotation, and an oil guide wall 73 for guiding the scattered oil to the timing belt 47 side is formed integrally with an outer side face of the bearing bracket 10 so as to surround the oil slinger 72 and the periphery of the timing belt 47 on the drive pulley 45 side. Since the bearing bracket 10 is a relatively small component, this can easily be cast together with the oil guide wall 73. Further, since the bearing bracket 10 integrally has the oil guide wall 73, its rigidity is strengthened and this is also effective in enhancing the rigidity with which the crankshaft 12 is supported.
In the lower chamber 48a, oil scattered by the oil slinger 72 is guided by the oil guide wall 73 to the timing belt 47 side; the oil that has been deposited on the timing belt 47 is transferred to the upper chamber 48c by the belt 47; scattered around by being shaken off due to centrifugal force when the timing belt 47 becomes wound around the driven pulley 46; and made to collide with the surrounding wall to thus form an oil mist; and the upper chamber 48c is filled with this oil mist, thereby lubricating not only the entire timing transmission system 37 but also the ball bearing 41 of the camshaft 36.
In particular, in the upper chamber 48c, when part of the oil shaken off the timing belt 47 collides with the inclined inner face of the lid body 57, it bounces off toward the web 46b of the driven pulley 46. This oil passes through the through holes 64 and 64 of the driven pulley 46, and is scattered over the ball bearing 41, thus lubricating the ball bearing 41. Part of the oil scattered over the ball bearing 41 moves to the valve operating chamber 49 through the oil passage channel 76 on the outer periphery of the bearing 41, and the ball bearing 41 is therefore lubricated also from the valve operating chamber 49 side. Lubrication of the ball bearing 41 is thus carried out very well.
As shown in FIG. 3, a base part of the valve operating chamber 49 communicates with the crank chamber 9 via a series of oil return passages 77 formed in the cylinder head 5 and the cylinder block 3 along one side of the cylinder bore 3a. The oil return passage 77 is inclined downward toward the crank chamber 9 so that oil flows down from the valve operating chamber 49 to the crank chamber 9.
While the engine E is running, pressure pulsations occur in the crank chamber accompanying the rise and fall of the piston 25, and when the pressure pulsations are transmitted to the valve operating chamber 49 and the timing transmission chamber 48 through the oil return passage 77, the oil passage hole 75 and the oil passage channel 76, oil mist moves to and fro between the valve operating chamber 49 and the timing transmission chamber 48, thereby effectively lubricating the entire valve operating system 35.
After lubrication, oil that has collected in the valve operating chamber 49 flows down the oil return passage 77 and returns to the crank chamber 9. Furthermore, since the base face of the timing transmission chamber 48 is inclined downward toward the lower chamber 48a, oil that has collected in the upper chamber 48c flows down the middle chamber 48b and returns to the lower chamber 48a. 
In this way, by utilizing the operation of the oil slinger 72 and the timing transmission system 37 and the pressure pulsations of the crank chamber 9, the interiors of the timing transmission chamber 48 and the valve operating chamber 49, which are separated from each other, can be lubricated with oil mist. Therefore, it is unnecessary to employ an oil pump exclusively used for lubrication, whereby structure of the engine E can be simplified and made compact, and the cost can be reduced. Further, it is possible to maintain the arrangement in which the camshaft 36 is disposed above the intake and exhaust valves 29i and 29e, thereby ensuring a desired output performance for the engine.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and may be modified in a variety of ways as long as the modifications do not depart from the spirit and scope thereof. For example, the belt type timing transmission system 37 may be replaced with a chain type.

## Claims

1. An engine valve operating system in which a camshaft is supported via a bearing on a cylinder head having an intake valve and an exhaust valve provided therein, and an intake rocker arm and an exhaust rocker arm are mounted on a rocker arm shaft supported on the cylinder head so as to be parallel to the camshaft, the intake rocker arm and the exhaust rocker arm respectively providing a connection between the camshaft and the intake valve and between the camshaft and the exhaust valve,
wherein a fixing bolt as a fixing member is secured to the cylinder head such that the fixing bolt extends parallel to the camshaft and abuts against an end part of the rocker arm shaft and restricts movement thereof in a thrust direction, and a flange seat formed on a head part of the fixing bolt as a restraining portion abuts against one side face of the bearing and restricts movement thereof in a thrust direction.

2. The engine valve operating system according to claim 1,
wherein one end part of the rocker arm shaft is supported by a pouch-shaped first support hole formed in the cylinder head, the other end part of the rocker arm shaft is supported by a through-hole-shaped second support hole formed in the cylinder head, and the fixing bolt is screwed into an outer end part of the second support hole.

3. The engine valve operating system according to claim 1,
wherein one end part of the camshaft is supported by a pouch-shaped bearing hole formed in the cylinder head, and the other end part of the camshaft is supported by the cylinder head via the bearing, and the flange seat abuts against an outer side face of the bearing.

4. An engine valve operating system in which a camshaft is supported via a bearing on a cylinder head having an intake valve and an exhaust valve provided therein, and an intake rocker arm and an exhaust rocker arm are mounted on a rocker arm shaft supported on the cylinder head so as to be parallel to the camshaft, the intake rocker arm and the exhaust rocker arm respectively providing a connection between the camshaft and the intake valve and between the camshaft and the exhaust valve,
wherein a fixing bolt is secured to the cylinder head and abuts against an end part of the rocker arm shaft and restricts movement thereof in a thrust direction, the fixing bolt comprising a flange seat that abuts against one side face of the bearing and restricts movement thereof in a thrust direction is formed integrally with the fixing member, and
wherein one end part of the rocker arm shaft is supported by a pouch-shaped first support hole formed in the cylinder head, the other end part of the rocker arm shaft is supported by a through-hole-shaped second support hole formed in the cylinder head, and the fixing bolt is inserted into an outer end part of the second support hole.

5. An engine valve operating system in which a camshaft is supported via a bearing on a cylinder head having an intake valve and an exhaust valve provided therein, and an intake rocker arm and an exhaust rocker arm are mounted on a rocker arm shaft supported on the cylinder head so as to be parallel to the camshaft, the intake rocker arm and the exhaust rocker arm respectively providing a connection between the camshaft and the intake valve and between the camshaft and the exhaust valve,
wherein a fixing bolt is secured to the cylinder head and abuts against an end part of the rocker arm shaft and restricts movement thereof in a thrust direction, the fixing bolt comprising a flange seat that abuts against one side face of the bearing and restricts movement thereof in a thrust direction, and
wherein one end part of the camshaft is supported by a pouch-shaped bearing hole formed in the cylinder head, and the other end part of the camshaft is supported by the cylinder head via the bearing, and the flange seat abuts against an outer side face of the bearing.