SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION


Washington, DC  20549





FORM 10-Q





x
Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Security Exchange Act of 1934



For the quarterly period ended February 28, 2011





OR





o
Transmission Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Security Exchange Act of 1937



For the transition period from __________ to __________





Commission file number:  001-32046





Simulations Plus, Inc.


(Name of registrant as specified in its charter)




California

(State or other jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)
95-4595609

(I.R.S. Employer

identification No.)


42505 10th Street West


Lancaster, CA  93534-7059


(Address of principal executive offices including zip code)





(661) 723-7723


(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)





Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filings requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes x  No o





Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).


Yes o  No o





Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):




o Large accelerated filer
o  Accelerated filero Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
x Smaller reporting company





Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o  No x





The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, as of April 13, 2011 was 15,432,420 and no shares of preferred stock were outstanding.














Simulations Plus, Inc.


FORM 10-Q  Quarterly Report


For the Quarterly Period Ended February 28, 2011






PART I.FINANCIAL INFORMATIONItem 1.
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
PageCondensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at February 28, 2011 (unaudited) and August 31, 2010 (audited)
2Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months and six months ended February 28, 2011 and 2010 (unaudited)
3Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended February 28, 2011 and 2010 (unaudited)
4Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
5Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Result of OperationsGeneral
15Results of Operations
19Liquidity and Capital Resources
23Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
24Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
24
 
 PART II.OTHER INFORMATIONItem 1.
Legal Proceedings
25Item 1A
Risk Factors
25Item 2.
Changes in Securities
25Item 3.
Defaults upon Senior Securities
25Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
25Item 5.
Other Information
26Item 6.
Exhibits
26Signature

27









SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS


and August 31, 2010 (audited)






ASSETSFebruary 28,


August 31,2011


2010Current assetsCash and cash equivalents

$
8,758,887


$
9,631,762Income tax refund receivable


259,434



225,510Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accountsand estimated contractual discounts of $296,738 and $421,118


2,253,714



1,291,350Contracts receivable


146,306



184,081Inventory


502,505



554,867Prepaid expenses and other current assets


174,314



138,163Deferred income taxes


307,991



364,264Total current assets


12,403,151



12,389,997Capitalized computer software development costs,net of accumulated amortization of $4,837,424 and $4,487,757


2,287,724



2,186,419Property and equipment, net (note 3)


70,337



55,984Customer relationships,net of accumulated amortization of $120,935 and $118,442


4,987



9,600Other assets


18,445



18,445Total assets

$
14,784,644


$
14,660,445LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITYCurrent liabilitiesAccounts payable

$
446,795


$
239,424Accrued payroll and other expenses


445,756



511,106Accrued bonuses to officer


60,000



60,000Accrued income taxes


380,342



261,861Accrued warranty and service costs


43,799



35,586Deferred revenue


83,624



96,092Total current liabilities


1,460,316



1,204,069Long-term liabilitiesDeferred income taxes


669,545



410,523Total liabilities


2,129,861



1,614,592Commitments and contingencies(note 4)Shareholders' equity (note 5)Preferred stock, $0.001 par value10,000,000 shares authorizedno shares issued and outstanding


-



-Common stock, $0.001 par value50,000,000 shares authorized15,341,820 and 15,833,006 shares issued and outstanding


3,813



4,304Additional paid-in capital


4,025,716



5,891,268Retained earnings


8,625,254



7,150,281Total shareholders' equity


12,654,783



13,045,853Total liabilities and shareholders' equity

$
14,784,644


$
14,660,445





2


SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS


six months ended February 28, 2011 and 2010


(unaudited)




Three months ended


Six months ended2011


2010


2011


2010Net sales

$
3,349,387


$
2,949,719


$
6,160,673


$
5,386,771Cost of sales


748,821



700,475



1,489,804



1,307,364Gross profit


2,600,566



2,249,244



4,670,869



4,079,407Operating expensesSelling, general, and administrative


980,327



1,088,819



2,042,702



2,093,092Research and development


254,642



252,098



462,681



513,423Total operating expenses


1,234,969



1,340,917



2,505,383



2,606,515Income from operations


1,365,597



908,327



2,165,486



1,472,892Other income (expense)Interest income


20,317



23,560



44,958



46,046Interest expense


-



(1
)


(118
)


(303
)Miscellaneous income


-



-



231



231Gain on sales of property and equipment


240



-



240



1,024Gain on currency exchange


8,341



41,962



8,341



115,194Total other income


28,898



65,521



53,652



162,192Income before provision for income taxes


1,394,495



973,848



2,219,138



1,635,084Provision for income taxes


(487,015
)


(332,985
)


(744,165
)


(564,418
)Net income

$
907,480


$
640,863


$
1,474,973


$
1,070,666Basic earnings per share

$
0.06


$
0.04


$
0.09


$
0.07Diluted earnings per share

$
0.06


$
0.04


$
0.09


$
0.06Weighted-average common shares outstandingBasic


15,472,504



15,826,030



15,581,301



15,735,400Diluted


16,217,573



16,558,423



16,322,845



16,479,033







3




SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 ended February 28, 2011 and 2010


(unaudited)




2011


2010Cash flows from operating activitiesNet income

$
1,474,973


$
1,070,666Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cashprovided by operating activitiesDepreciation and amortization of property and equipment


14,713



13,246Amortization of customer relationships


4,613



7,605Amortization of capitalized computer software development costs


349,667



316,304Bad debts


-



70,283Excess tax benefits from share-based arrangement


(24,081
)


-Stock-based compensation


80,408



32,285Gain on sales of property and equipment


(240
)


(1,024
)Deferred income taxes


315,295



70,907(Increase) decrease inAccounts receivable and Contracts receivable


(924,589
)


(107,200
)Income tax refundable


(33,924
)


-Inventory


52,362



(10,251
)Prepaid expenses and other assets


(36,151
)


47,995Increase (decrease) inAccounts payable


207,371



102,418Accrued payroll and other expenses


(65,351
)


61,491Accrued income taxes


142,562



168,438Accrued warranty and service costs


8,213



(12,566
)Deferred revenue


(12,468
)


37,561Net cash provided by operating activities


1,553,373



1,868,158Cash flows from investing activitiesPurchases of property and equipment


(29,066
)


(31,769
)Proceeds from sale of property and equipment


240



-Capitalized computer software development costs


(450,971
)


(456,082
)Net cash used in investing activities


(479,797
)


(487,851
)Cash flows from financing activitiesRepurchase of common stock


(2,048,172
)


(288,698
)Excess tax benefits from share-based arrangement


24,081



-Proceeds from the exercise of stock options


77,640



76,195Net cash used in financing activities


(1,946,451
)


(212,503
)Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

$
(872,875
)

$
1,167,804Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year


9,631,762



7,473,485Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

$
8,758,887


$
8,641,289Supplemental disclosures of cash flow informationInterest paid

$
118


$
302Income taxes paid

$
320,232


$
260,464









4





Simulations Plus, Inc.





NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


(Unaudited)




Note 1: GENERAL





This report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 2011, should be read in conjunction with the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 31, 2010, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on November 29, 2010. As contemplated by the SEC under Article 8 of Regulation S-X, the accompanying financial statements and footnotes have been condensed and therefore do not contain all disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles. The interim financial data are unaudited; however, in the opinion of Simulations Plus, Inc. ("we", "our", "us"), the interim data includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods. Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of those to be expected for the full year.





Note 2: SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES





Estimates


Our condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  Preparing financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses.  These estimates and assumptions are affected by management’s application of accounting policies.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.  Significant accounting policies for us include revenue recognition, accounting for capitalized computer software development costs, valuation of stock options, and accounting for income taxes.





Principles of Consolidation


The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Simulations Plus, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Words+, Inc.  All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.





Revenue Recognition


We recognize revenues related to software licenses and software maintenance in accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2009-14, which amends FASB ASC Topic 985 to exclude tangible products containing software components and non-software components that function together to deliver the product’s essential functionality.  Software products revenue is recorded when the following conditions are met: 1) evidence of arrangement exists, 2) delivery has been made, 3) the amount is fixed, and 4) collectability is probable.  We do not have tangible products containing software components; however, in the event we provide such products in the future, we will recognize its portion of revenue when tangible products are delivered.  Post-contract customer support ("PCS") obligations are insignificant; therefore, revenue for PCS is recognized at the same time as the licensing fee, and the costs of providing such support services are accrued and amortized over the obligation period.  For Words+ products, the revenue is recorded at the time of shipment, net of estimated allowances and returns.








5




As a byproduct of ongoing improvements and upgrades for the new programs and new modules of software, some modifications are provided to customers who have already purchased software at no additional charge. Other software modifications result in new, additional cost modules that expand the functionality of the software. These are licensed separately. We consider the modifications that are provided without charge to be minimal, as they do not significantly change the basic functionality or utility of the software, but rather add convenience, such as being able to plot some additional variable on a graph in addition to the numerous variables that had been available before, or adding some additional calculations to supplement the information provided from running the software. Such software modifications for any single product have typically occurred once or twice per year, sometimes more, sometimes less. Thus, they are infrequent.  We provide, for a fee, additional training and service calls to our customers and recognize revenue at the time the training or service call is provided.





We enter into one-year license agreements with most of our customers for the use of our pharmaceutical software products.  However, from time to time, we enter into multi-year license agreements.  We unlock and invoice software one year at a time for multi-year licenses. Therefore, revenue is recognized one year at a time.





We recognize contract study revenue either equally over the term of the contract or using the percentage of completion method, depending upon how the contract studies are engaged, in accordance with FASB ASC 605-35.  To recognize revenue using the percentage of completion method, we must determine whether we meet the following criteria:  1) there is a long-term, legally enforceable contract, 2) it is possible to reasonably estimate the total project costs, and 3) it is possible to reasonably estimate the extent of progress toward completion.





Cash and Cash Equivalents


For purposes of the statements of cash flows, we consider all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.





Accounts Receivable


We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses that may arise if any of its customers are unable to make required payments.  Management specifically analyzes the age of customer balances, historical bad debt experience, customer credit-worthiness, and changes in customer payment terms when making estimates of the collectability of the Company’s trade accounts receivable balances.  If management determines that the financial conditions of any of its customers deteriorated, whether due to customer-specific or general economic issues, an increase in the allowance may be made.  Accounts receivable are written off when all collection attempts have failed.  We also estimate the contractual discount obligation for third-party funding such as Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurance companies.  Those estimated discounts are reflected in the allowance for doubtful accounts and contractual discounts.





Inventory


Inventory is stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out basis) or market and consists primarily of computers and peripheral computer equipment.





Capitalized Computer Software Development Costs


Software development costs are capitalized in accordance with FASB ASC 985-20.  Capitalization of software development costs begins upon the establishment of technological feasibility and is discontinued when the product is available for sale.








6





The establishment of technological feasibility and the ongoing assessment for recoverability of capitalized software development costs require considerable judgment by management with respect to certain external factors including, but not limited to, technological feasibility, anticipated future gross revenues, estimated economic life, and changes in software and hardware technologies. Capitalized software development costs are comprised primarily of salaries and direct payroll-related costs and the purchase of existing software to be used in our software products.





Amortization of capitalized software development costs is provided on a product-by-product basis on the straight-line method over the estimated economic life of the products (not to exceed five years).  Amortization of software development costs amounted to $349,667 and $316,304 for the six months ended February 28, 2011 and 2010, respectively.  We expect future amortization expense to vary due to increases in capitalized computer software development costs.





We test capitalized computer software costs for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.





Property and Equipment


Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization.  Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows:





Equipment
5 yearsComputer equipment
3 to 7 yearsFurniture and fixtures
5 to 7 yearsLeasehold improvements
Shorter of life of asset or lease





Maintenance and minor replacements are charged to expense as incurred.  Gains and losses on disposals are included in the results of operations.





Fair Value of Financial Instruments


Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. The categories, as defined by the standard are as follows:




Level Input:

Input Definition:Level I

Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets at the measurement date.Level II

Inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level I, that are observable for the asset or liability through corroboration with market data at the measurement date.Level III

Unobservable inputs that reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.






7




The following table summarizes fair value measurements by level at February 28, 2011 for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:





Level I


Level II


Level III


TotalCash and cash equivalents

$
8,758,887


$
-


$
-


$
8,758,887Total

$
8,758,887


$
-


$
-


$
8,758,887





For certain of our financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued payroll and other expenses, accrued bonuses to officers, and accrued warranty and service costs, the amounts approximate fair value due to their short maturities.





Shipping and Handling


Shipping and handling costs, recorded as cost of sales, amounted to $39,207 and $54,715 for the six months ended February 28, 2011 and 2010, respectively.





Research and Development Costs


Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred until technological feasibility has been established. These costs consist primarily of salaries and direct payroll-related costs.  It also includes purchased software which was developed by other companies and incorporated into, or used in the development of, our final products.





Income Taxes


We utilize FASB ASC 740-10 which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns.





Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year-end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income.  Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.  The provision for income taxes represents the tax payable for the period and the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.





We are currently being audited by the California Franchise Tax Board for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2007 and 2008.  The outcome of this audit may result in changes to the tax liability for those tax years.





Customer relationships


We purchased customer relationships as a part of the acquisition of certain assets of Bioreason, Inc. in November 2005.  Customer relationships was recorded at a cost of $128,042, and is being amortized over 78 months under the sum-of-the-years’-digits method.  Amortization expense for the six months ended February 28, 2011 and 2010 amounted to $4,613 and $7,605, respectively.  Accumulated amortization as of February 28, 2011 and 2010 was $123,055 and $112,333, respectively.






8




Earnings per Share


We report earnings per share in accordance with FASB ASC 260-10.  Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares available.  Diluted earnings per share is computed similar to basic earnings per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common shares had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive.  The components of basic and diluted earnings per share for the six months ended February 28, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:








02/28/2011


02/28/2010NumeratorNet income attributable to common shareholder

$
1,474,973


$
1,070,666DenominatorWeighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year


15,581,301



15,735,400Dilutive effect of stock options


741,544



743,633Common stock and common stockequivalents used for diluted earning per share


16,322,845



16,479,033





Stock-Based Compensation


Compensation costs related to stock options are determined in accordance with FASB ASC 718-10 using the modified prospective method.  Under this method, compensation cost includes: (1) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of September 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS No. 123 amortized over the options’ vesting period, and (2) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to September 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance FASB ASC 718-10, amortized on a straight-line basis over the options’ vesting period.  Stock-based compensation was $80,408 and $32,284 for the six months ended February 28, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and is included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations as Salaries, Consulting, and Research and Development expense.





Concentrations and Uncertainties


International sales accounted for 34% and 30% of net sales for the six months ended February 28, 2011 and 2010, respectively.  For Simulations Plus, Inc. (pharmaceutical segment), three customers accounted for 15%, 8% and 7% of net sales during the six months ended February 28, 2011, compared with two customers accounting for 22% and 15% of net sales during the six months ended February 28, 2010.





For Words+, Inc., third-party billing, which includes various government agencies as well as private insurance companies, accounted for 58% of net sales during the six months ended February 28, 2011, compared with 61% of net sales during the six months ended February 28, 2010.  If changes are made in government funding policies for Words+ products, Words+ revenue could be impacted.  We continually evaluate and monitor regulatory developments in funding matters. We do not expect that Medicare and Medicaid within all 50 states would discontinue their funding of Words+ products; however, there can be no assurances that the current level of revenue from third parties will continue.





We operate in the computer software industry, which is highly competitive and changes rapidly.  Our operating results could be significantly affected by our ability to develop new products and find new distribution channels for new and existing products.





For Simulations Plus (pharmaceutical segment), three customers comprised 14%, 12% (a dealer account representing various customers), and 10% of its accounts receivable at February 28, 2011, and three customers comprised 19%, 15% (a dealer account representing various customers), and 10% of its accounts receivable at February 28, 2010.   For Words+, third-party billing, which includes various government agencies, comprised 77%, and a school district comprised 9%, of its accounts receivable at February 28, 2011, while third-party billing comprised 90% of its accounts receivable at February 28, 2010.  The collection of accounts receivable in a timely manner is critical to Words+’ cash flow and its operations.  We have three dedicated funding personnel who continually track such collections.





Our subsidiary, Words+, Inc., purchases components for its main computer products from four manufacturers. Words+, Inc. also uses a number of pictographic symbols that are used in its software products which are licensed from a third party. The inability of Words+ to obtain computers used in its products or to renew its licensing agreement to use pictographic symbols could negatively impact our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.




9


Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements


In September 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2009-14 which amends FASB ASC Topis 985 to exclude tangible products containing software components and non-software components that function together to deliver the product’s essential functionality.  ASU 2009-14 applies to revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010, with early application permitted.  We adopted this standard in this first quarter of fiscal 2011 and believe adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.





In September 2009, the FASB issued ASU 2009-13, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables”.  ASU 2009-13 amends FASB ASC Topic 605 to require an entity to use an estimated selling price when vendor-specific objective evidence or acceptable third-party evidence does not exist for any products or services included in a multiple element arrangement.  The arrangement consideration should be allocated among the products and services based upon their relative selling prices, thus eliminating the use of the residual method of allocation.  ASU 2009-13 also requires expanded qualitative and quantitative disclosures regarding significant judgments made and changes in applying the guidance.  ASU 2009-13 applies to fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2010, with early application permitted.  We adopted this standard in this first quarter of fiscal 2011 and believe adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.





Note 3:  PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT





Property and equipment as of February 28, 2011 consisted of the following:





Equipment

$
107,261Computer equipment


405,017Furniture and fixtures


61,498Automobile


21,769Leasehold improvements


53,898Sub total


649,443Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization


(579,106
)Net Book Value


70,337





Note 4:  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES





Employment Agreement


On August 31, 2009, we entered into an employment agreement with our President/Chief Executive Officer that expires in August 2011.  The employment agreement provides for an annual base salary of $275,000 per year, and a performance bonus in an amount not to exceed 10% of Employee’s salary, or $27,500 per year, at the end of each fiscal year.  The specific amount of the bonus to be awarded will be determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, based on the financial performance and achievements of the Company for the previous fiscal year.  The agreement also provides Employee stock options, exercisable for five years, to purchase fifty (50) shares of Common Stock for each one thousand dollars ($1,000) of net income before taxes at the end of each fiscal year up to a maximum of 120,000 options over the term of the agreement.  We may terminate the agreement upon 30 days' written notice if termination is without cause.  Our only obligation would be to pay its President the greater of a) 12 months salary or b) the remainder of the term of the employment agreement from the date of notice of termination.





For fiscal year 2010, the Compensation Committee awarded a $25,000 performance bonus to Walter Woltosz, our President/Chief Executive Officer, which was paid in December 2010.






10


Litigation


We are not a party to any litigation at this time and we are not aware of any pending litigation of any kind.





Note 5: SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY





Stock Repurchase


On October 23, 2008, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program (Phase I) enabling the buyback of up to $2.5 million in shares during a 12-month period beginning Monday, October 27, 2008.  The actual repurchase started on December 2, 2008; therefore the Board of Directors extended it through December 1, 2009 in order to have a full 12-month period.  We opened an account with Morgan Stanley Smith Barney for the purchase of such securities. Funds for any stock purchases are drawn from our cash reserves.   Under the Phase I repurchase program, we repurchased 1,026,483 shares at an average price of $1.3182, for a total expenditure of $1,377,015 including commissions paid to a broker.





On January 10, 2010, the Board of Directors authorized a renewed share repurchase program (Phase II) effective as of February 15, 2010.  The renewed program enables the Company to buy back up to one million shares during a 12-month period.





The details of repurchases made under Phase II program is listed in the table below. Our total expenditure for Phase II repurchases as of February 28, 2011 was $2,823,796 including commissions paid to a broker, which brings the totals of the combined Phase I and Phase II repurchases to 2,022,731 shares at an average price of $2.0501 and a total expenditure of $4,200,810, including commissions paid to a broker, as of February 28, 2011.





Period

Total Number of

Shares Purchased


Average Price Paid

per Share


Remaining Shares

Authorized for Repurchase

Under the Share

Repurchase Plan – Phase II04/01/10 to 04/30/10


86,976


$
2.2237



913,02405/01/10 to 05/31/10


170,101


$
2.3515



742,92306/01/10 to 06/30/10


33,665


$
2.3670



709,25807/01/10 to 07/31/10


18,789


$
2.4433



690,46908/01/10 to 08/31/10


10,878


$
2.4283



679,59109/01/10 to 09/30/10


81,070


$
2.6969



598,52110/01/10 to 10/31/10


170,494


$
3.1671



428,02711/01/10 to 11/30/10


146,116


$
2.9523



281,91112/01/10 to 12/31/10


41,214


$
2.5716



240,69701/01/11 to 01/31/11


119,469


$
2.9028



121,22802/01/11 to 02/14/11*


117,476


$
3.0852



3,725Phase II Total


996,248


$
2.8041



0


*Phase II repurchase program ended on 02/14/2011.










11





Stock Option Plan


In September 1996, the Board of Directors adopted, and the shareholders approved, the 1996 Stock Option Plan (the "Option Plan") under which a total of 1,000,000 shares of common stock had been reserved for issuance.  In March 1999, the shareholders approved an increase in the number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 2,000,000.  In February 2000, the shareholders approved an increase in the number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 4,000,000.  In December 2000, the shareholders approved an increase in the number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 5,000,000.  Furthermore, in February 2005, the shareholders approved an additional 1,000,000 shares, resulting in the total number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 6,000,000. The 1996 Stock Option Plan terminated in September 2006 by its term.





On February 23, 2007, the Board of Directors adopted and the shareholders approved the 2007 Stock Option Plan under which a total of 1,000,000 shares of common stock had been reserved for issuance.





TRANSACTIONS IN FY 2011

Number of

Options


Weighted-

Average

Exercise Price

Per Share


Weighted-

Average

Remaining

Contractual Life

(Years)Outstanding, August 31, 2010


1,493,902


$
1.13Granted


20,000


$
3.27Exercised/Released


(190,500
)

$
0.49Cancelled/Forfeited


(102,666
)

$
1.62Expired


(4,800
)

$
0.41Outstanding, February 28, 2011


1,215,936


$
1.23


4.2Exercisable, February 28, 2011


886,602


$
1.07


3.5





The fair value of the options granted during the first six months of fiscal year 2011 is estimated at $33,752.  The fair value of these options was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions: dividend yield of 0%, pre-vest forfeiture rate of 4.53%, expected volatility of 79.70%, risk-free interest rate of 1.17%, and expected life of 5.0 years.





The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options, which do not have vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility. Because the Company's employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management's opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its employee stock options.








12


The weighted-average remaining contractual life of options outstanding issued under the Plan was 4.2 years at February 28, 2011.  The exercise prices for the options outstanding at February 28, 2011 ranged from $0.26 to $3.27, and the information relating to these options is as follows:





Exercise Price


Awards Outstanding


Awards ExercisableLow


High


Quantity

Weighted

Average Remaining Contractual

Life

Weighted

Average

ExercisePrice


Quantity

Weighted

Average Remaining Contractual

Life

Weighted

Average

Exercise Price$
0.26


$
0.75



236,936

0.3 years

$
0.33



236,936

0.3 years

$
0.33$
0.76


$
2.00



835,000

5.4 years

$
1.20



605,266

4.5 years

$
1.21$
2.01


$
3.27



144,000

4.3 years

$
2.87



44,400

6.9 years

$
3.021,215,936

4.2 years

$
1.23



886,602

3.5 years

$
1.07





Other Stock Options


As of February 28, 2011, the Board of Directors holds options to purchase 71,000 shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $0.30 to $6.68, which were granted prior to February 28, 2011.





Transactions in FY10

Number of

Options


Weighted-Average

Exercise Price

Per ShareOutstanding, August 31, 2010


71,000


$
2.02Granted


-


$
-Exercised


-


$
-Expired


-


$
-Outstanding, February 28, 2011


71,000


$
2.02Exercisable, February 28, 2011


48,500


$
1.98





Note 6:  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS





As of February 28, 2011, included in bonus expenses to officers was $85,000, of which $60,000 was accrued bonus representing 5% of the Company's FY10 net income before bonuses and taxes, not exceeding $60,000, paid to the Corporate Secretary, Virginia Woltosz, as an annual bonus as part of the terms of the sale of Words+ to Simulations Plus in 1996.  The other $25,000, paid in December 2010, was a performance bonus to Walter Woltosz, our President/Chief Executive Officer.









13





Note 7:  SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC REPORTING





We account for segments and geographic revenues in accordance with ASC 280-10.  Our reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different products and services.  Results for each segment and consolidated results are as follows for the six months ended February 28, 2011 and February 28, 2010 (in thousands):





February 28, 2011Simulations Plus,

Inc


Words +,

Inc.


Eliminations


TotalNet Sales

$
4,672


$
1,489





$
6,161Income (loss) from operations


2,119



46






2,165Identifiable assets


14,464



1,673


$
(1,350
)


14,787Capital expenditures


26



3







29Depreciation and Amortization


352



17







369








February 28, 2010Simulations Plus,

Inc


Words +,

Inc.


Eliminations


TotalNet Sales

$
3,962


$
1,425





$
5,387Income (loss) from operations


1,692



(219
)





1,473Identifiable assets


13,421



1,754


$
(1,562
)


13,613Capital expenditures


22



10







32Depreciation and Amortization


310



27







337





In addition, the Company allocates revenues to geographic areas based on the locations of its customers.  Geographical revenues for the six months ended February 28, 2011 and 2010 were as follows (in thousands):





February 28, 2011North

America


Europe


Asia


Oceania


South

America


TotalSimulations Plus, Inc.

$
2,477


$
1,571


$
610


$
-


$
14


$
4,672Words+, Inc.


1,445



9



4



29



2



1,489Total

$
3,783


$
1,580


$
615


$
29


$
16


$
6,161





February 28, 2010North

America


Europe


Asia


Oceania


South

America


TotalSimulations Plus, Inc.

$
2,421


$
1,124


$
417


$
-


$
-


$
3,962Words+, Inc.


1,342



22



34



27



-



1,425Total

$
3,763


$
1,146


$
451


$
27


$
-


$
5,387





Note 8:  EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN





We maintain a 401(K) Plan for all eligible employees, and make matching contributions equal to 100% of the employee’s elective deferral, not to exceed 4% of total employee compensation.  We can also elect to make a profit-sharing contribution.  Our contributions to this Plan amounted to $53,500 and $40,975 for the six months ended February 28, 2011 and February 28, 2010, respectively.





Note 9:  SUBSEQUENT EVENT





From March 1, 2011 to April 12, 2011, an additional 90,600 shares were issued for $32,009 as results of options being exercised.


14


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operations





Forward-Looking Statements





This document and the documents incorporated in this document by reference contain forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this document and the materials accompanying this document are forward-looking statements.




The forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs of our management, as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to our management. Frequently, but not always, forward-looking statements are identified by the use of the future tense and by words such as “believes,” expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “will,” “may,” “could,” “would,” “projects,” “continues,” “estimates” or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results could differ materially from those indicated by the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.




The forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by reference in this document are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”) and are subject to the safe harbor created by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements include declarations regarding our plans, intentions, beliefs or current expectations.




Among the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by forward-looking statements are the risks and uncertainties described under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report and elsewhere in this document and in our other filings with the SEC.




Forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. The forward-looking statements included in this document are made as of the date of this document and we do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect new information, subsequent events or otherwise.





General





BUSINESS





Simulations Plus, Inc. (together with its subsidiary referred to as the “Company,” “us,” “we,” or “our”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, Words+, Inc. (“Words+”) produce different types of products: (1) Simulations Plus, incorporated in 1996, develops and produces software for use in pharmaceutical research and for education, as well as provides contract research services to the pharmaceutical industry.  Simulations Plus has also taken over responsibility for producing a personal productivity software program called Abbreviate! originally spun out of products for the disabled by Words+ for the retail market, and (2) Words+, founded in 1981, produces computer software and specialized hardware for use by persons with disabilities. For the purposes of this document, we sometimes refer to the two businesses as “Simulations Plus” when referring to the business that is pharmaceutical software and services, educational software, and Abbreviate!, and “Words+” when referring to the business that is focused on assistive technologies for persons with disabilities.





SIMULATIONS PLUS





We currently offer five software products for pharmaceutical research: ADMET PredictorTM, MedChem DesignerTM, MedChem StudioTM (formerly known as ClassPharmerTM), DDDPlusTM, and GastroPlusTM.






15


ADMET PredictorTM


ADMET Predictor is a computer program that takes molecular structures as inputs and predicts over 120 different properties for them at the rate of about 200,000 compounds per hour on a fast personal computer. This capability means that a chemist can process a huge number of molecules through ADMET Predictor in a very short time, and can identify those molecules that are sure to fail as potential drug candidates without the need to ever synthesize and test them. The gain in productivity using these in silico (computer) predictions is enormous. Millions of “virtual” compounds can be created and screened in a day compared to months of work to synthesize and test a few hundred actual compounds. The ability to quickly eliminate obviously poor compounds in this manner enables chemists to investigate a much larger “chemical space” in their search for new medicines. We released version 5.5 of ADMET Predictor during the second quarter with a large set of new features and over 30 new property predictions. ADMET Predictor achieves its consistent top ranking among competitive programs because of its unique set of molecular and atomic descriptors and it’s power ADMET ModelerTM training algorithms.





Pharmaceutical companies spend enormous amounts of money conducting a wide variety of experiments on new molecules each year. Using their own proprietary data to build predictive models provides a second return on this investment; however, in the past, model building has traditionally been a tedious activity performed by specialists. The ADMET Modeler program that is integrated into ADMET Predictor enables scientists without model-building experience to use their own experimental data to quickly create proprietary, high-quality predictive models using the same powerful modeling methods we use to build our top-ranked property predictions.





MedChem DesignerTM


MedChem Designer is a new program that was launched in February 2011. It is first a molecule drawing program, or “sketcher”, but it does much more than other molecule drawing programs because of its tight integration with both MedChem Studio and ADMET Predictor. When coupled with ADMET Predictor, MedChem Designer becomes a very powerful de novo design tool for medicinal chemists. With it, they can draw one or more molecules (structures), then click on an icon for ADMET Predictor and have over 120 properties for each structure calculated in seconds. We believe this provides a novel and unequaled capability for new molecule design. We provide MedChem Designer for free because we believe that in the long run it will help to increase demand for ADMET Predictor and MedChem Studio. Most existing molecule drawing programs are also free, so in order to convince chemists to try MedChem Designer, it must also be provided for free. Although the free version includes a small set of interesting ADMET Predictor property predictions, allowing the chemist to see a few key properties very quickly, there are many more properties that are needed to determine the suitability of any structure as a drug, and ADMET Predictor can predict a large number of such properties if the user has a license for it.




MedChem StudioTM


MedChem Studio has become a powerful tool for medicinal and computational chemists for both data mining and for designing new drug-like molecules. Coupled with the top-rated property predictions in ADMET Predictor, the two programs provide an unmatched capability for chemists to search through large libraries of compounds that have undergone high throughput screening experiments to find the most promising classes and molecules that are active against a particular target. In addition, MedChem Studio with ADMET Predictor can take an interesting (but not acceptable) molecule and very quickly generate high quality analogs (i.e., similar new molecules) using a variety of design algorithms to generate new molecules that are predicted to be both active against the target as well as acceptable in a variety of ADMET properties. Now, MedChem Designer is also a part of MedChem Studio (in the next version expected to be released in April). The user can click on the MedChem Designer icon and bring up the drawing window for a variety of purposes in MedChem Studio, as well as to use MedChem Designer while inside MedChem Studio to investigate how modifications to the structures of molecules can improve their properties.








16




MedChem Studio’s automatic molecule design capabilities provide a number of ways for chemists to rapidly generate large numbers of novel chemical structures based on intelligence from compounds that have already been synthesized and tested, or from basic chemical reactions selected by the user. Export of results is available in Microsoft ExcelTM format as well as other convenient file formats requested by users. Numerous improvements have been incorporated into the upcoming release of MedChem Studio, including the MedChem Designer integration, a much-expanded multidimensional graphical output capability, updated rules for checking for duplicate structures, more flexibility in reading certain file formats, and a number of other convenience features.





DDDPlus


DDDPlus simulates in vitro laboratory experiments that measure the rate of dissolution of the drug contained in tablets and capsules in a variety of experimental conditions. This one-of-a-kind software program is used by formulation scientists to reduce the number of cut-and-try attempts to design new drug formulations, as well as to design in vitroexperiments to better mimic in vivoconditions. Development during the second quarter focused on adding a Virtual Trial capability. Because no two experiments are ever exactly the same, this will enable the formulation scientist to automatically run many simulations to assess the likely variances in dissolution behaviors with expected variances in experimental parameters.





GastroPlus


GastroPlus simulates the absorption, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of drugs administered to humans and animals, and is currently in use at numerous pharmaceutical companies, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies in the U.S. and other countries.





The insight gained through GastroPlus simulations can guide project decisions in various ways. Among the kinds of knowledge gained through such simulations are: (1) the best estimate for “first dose in human” for a new drug prior to Phase I trials, (2) whether a potential new drug compound is likely to be absorbed at high enough levels to achieve the desired blood concentrations needed for effective therapy, (3) whether the absorption process is affected by certain enzymes and transporter proteins in the intestinal tract that may cause the amount of drug reaching the blood to be very different after absorption from one region of the intestine to another, (4) when certain properties of a new compound are probably adequately estimated by in silico predictions (such as from ADMET Predictor) or from simple experiments, rather than through more expensive and time-consuming in vitro or animal experiments, (5) what the likely variations in blood and tissue concentration levels of a new drug would be in a large population, in different age groups or in different ethnic groups, and (6) whether a new formulation for an existing approved drug is likely to demonstrate “bioequivalence” (equivalent blood concentration versus time) to the currently marketed dosage form in a human trial (important for generic drug companies and the Office of Generic Drugs at the FDA, which has numerous licenses for GastroPlus).





Our marketing intelligence and reorder history indicate that GastroPlus continues to dominate its market niche in the number of users worldwide. In addition to virtually every major pharmaceutical company, licenses include government agencies in the U.S and abroad, a growing number of smaller pharmaceutical and biotech companies, generic drug companies, and drug delivery companies (companies that design the tablet or capsule for a drug compound that was developed by another company). Although these companies are smaller than the pharmaceutical giants, we believe they can also save considerable time and money through simulation. We believe this part of the industry, which we believe includes a few thousand companies, represents major growth potential for GastroPlus. Our experience has been that the number of new companies adopting GastroPlus continues to grow steadily, adding to the base of annual license renewals each year. Recent consolidations by larger companies have not adversely affected our sales to date. In fact, because of the increased need for improving productivity, those companies have often adopted in silico tools at ever-greater levels, with the result that large company licenses have often increased at renewal time even in the face of such consolidation.









17





Contract Research and Consulting Services


Our recognized world-class expertise in oral absorption and pharmacokinetics is evidenced by the fact that our staff members have been speakers or presenters at over 50 prestigious scientific meetings worldwide in the past five years. We frequently conduct contracted studies for large customers (including top 5 pharmaceutical companies) who have particularly difficult problems and who recognize our expertise in solving them, as well as for smaller customers who prefer to have studies run by our scientists rather than to license our software and train someone to use it. The demand for our consulting services has been increasing steadily, and we expect this trend to continue. Long-term collaborations and shorter-term consulting contracts serve both to showcase our technologies and to build and strengthen customer relationships.





During the second quarter we announced that we had signed a 5-year collaboration agreement with the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to use our ADMET Predictor/Modeler capabilities to build predictive models for likely toxicities of food additives and contaminants.





Government-Funded Research


We are well along in our $525,000 Phase II Small Business Innovation Research (“SBIR”) grant awarded by the National Institutes of Health (“NIH”). This SBIR grant has provided funds that allowed us to expand staff and grow the product line without adversely affecting earnings, because the expenses associated with the efforts in the grant study are funded largely through the grant with some company support. The improvements to ADMET Predictor under this grant have allowed us to build new models for prediction of metabolic sites (i.e., predicting which atoms in a molecule have the highest propensity for metabolism by the most common metabolizing enzymes in human). This is a very powerful capability that will enhance not only ADMET Predictor, but also the MedChem Studio/ADMET Predictor combination for design of new molecules. We expect release of this new capability in the third quarter.





WORDS+ SUBSIDIARY





PRODUCTS


Our wholly owned subsidiary, Words+, Inc., has been an industry pioneer and technology leader for over 28 years, focused on introducing and improving augmentative and alternative communication and computer access software and devices for people with disabilities. Words+ introduced EyeProTM, an eyegaze product, at a national conference during March, 2010. Eyegaze technology allows people to operate a computer or communication device by simply looking at the computer screen, and has been a major breakthrough for people with severe disabilities. The addition of EyeProTMto our product line significantly increases the effectiveness of our sales network, as many of our distributors were previously selling a different eyegaze product, and our in-house sales employees had no eyegaze product to offer. When EyeProTMis combined with our EZKeysTMsoftware, it becomes one of the most powerful ways to operate standard Windows applications using only the eyes. EyeProTMalso combines with MindExpressTMto allow students or anyone operating below the full professional productive mode to chat, send email, and make phone calls, etc. from inside MindExpressTMusing special features to make the process easier.








18


STRATEGY





Our business strategy is to do the things we need to do to promote growth both organically (by expanding our current products and services through in-house efforts) and by acquisition. We believe that the fundamental science and technology that underlies our business units are the keys to improving our existing products and to expanding the product line with new products that meet our various customers’ needs. Acquisition continues to be a high priority and we have spent considerable time and effort searching for suitable acquisition opportunities for several years. Our three completed acquisitions to date (two on the pharmaceutical side of the business and one on the disability products side) have all proved to be immediately accretive, adding to both revenues and earnings. Due diligence meetings with a number of potential companies over the past several years have resulted either in discovery of factors that made them unsuitable, or in financial terms and conditions that would not have been favorable to our shareholders.  We continue to search for suitable acquisitions and we consider this to be a high-priority activity.





Results of Operations





Comparison of Three Months Ended February 28, 2011 and February 28, 2010.





The following table sets forth our consolidated statements of operations (in thousands) and the percentages that such items bear to net sales:





Three Months Ended02/28/11


02/28/10Net sales

$
3,349



100
%

$
2,950



100
%Cost of sales


749



22.4



701



23.8Gross profit


2,600



77.6



2,249



76.2Selling, general and administrative


980



29.3



1,089



36.9Research and development


255



7.6



252



8.5Total operating expenses


1,235



36.9



1,341



45.5Income from operations


1,365



40.7



908



30.8Other income


29



0.9



66



2.2Net income before taxes


1,394



41.6



974



33.0Provision for income taxes


(487
)


(14.5
)


(333
)


(11.3
)Net income

$
907



27.1
%

$
641



21.7
%





Net Sales


Consolidated net sales increased $399,000, or 13.5%, to $3,349,000 in the second fiscal quarter of 2011 (2QFY11) from $2,950,000 in the second fiscal quarter of 2010 (2QFY10).  This is the highest quarterly revenue in our history, exceeding even last year’s third quarter, which is typically the highest quarter.








19




Our sales from pharmaceutical and educational software increased approximately $394,000, or 17.7%; while our Words+, Inc. subsidiary’s sales increased approximately $5,000, or 0.7%, for the quarter.  We attribute the increase in pharmaceutical software sales to software licenses from new customers, licensing of new modules to existing customers, and increases in the number of licenses with existing customers, which outweighed decreases in revenue from analytical studies and funded collaborations since we completed our large collaboration contracts by the end of August 2010.  We attribute the increase in Words+ sales primarily to an increase in the new “EyePro” product sales and “Freedom” products, which outweighed decreased revenues from other products such as “MessageMates” and the “Say-it-SAM” products.





Cost of Sales


Consolidated cost of sales increased $48,000, or 6.9%, to $749,000 in 2QFY11 from $701,000 in 2QFY10.  Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue for 2QFY11 decreased 1.4% to 22.4% from 23.8% in 2QFY10.  For Simulations Plus (pharmaceutical business), cost of sales increased $111,000, or 36.6%. As a percentage of revenue, cost of sales increased to 15.7% in 2QFY11 from 13.6% in 2QFY10.  A significant portion of cost of sales for pharmaceutical software products is the systematic amortization of capitalized software development costs, which is an independent fixed cost rather than a variable cost related to sales.  This amortization cost increased approximately $5,000, or 3%, in 2QFY11 compared with 2QFY10.  Royalty expense, a variable cost related to sales of our GastroPlus core program as well as our ADMET Predictor Enslein Metabolism module, increased approximately $74,000, or 65%, in 2QFY11 compared with 2QFY10 due to reversing a royalty cost on the Enslein Metabolism Module resulting from an amended royalty agreement during 2QFY10.  Study costs increased approximately $32,000, or 94%, in 2QFY11 compared with 2QFY10.   This resulted from a greater number of man-hours needed to complete analytical studies during 2QFY11 compared with 2QFY10.





For Words+, cost of sales decreased $62,000, or 15.7%.  As a percentage of revenue, cost of sales decreased to 46.2% in 2QFY11 from 55.1% in 2QFY10.  We attribute the percentage decrease in cost of sales for Words+ to sales generated from products with higher margins.  In 2QFY10, we had a bulk order with a volume discount which resulted in lower margins, while we did not have such an order in 2QFY11.





Gross Profit


Consolidated gross profit increased $351,000, or 15.6%, to $2,600,000 in 2QFY11 from $2,249,000 in 2QFY10.  We attribute this increase to increased sales of pharmaceutical software and services, in addition to a smaller increased gross profit from Words+ products, which outweighed the increase in Simulations Plus’ cost of goods sold.





Selling, General and Administrative Expenses


Consolidated selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses decreased $109,000, or 10.0%, to $980,000 in 2QFY11 from $1,089,000 in 2QFY10.  For Simulations Plus, SG&A increased $81,000, or 13.9%, however as a percentage of sales, SG&A decreased to approximately 25.42% in 2QFY11 from approximately 26.2% in 2QFY10.  The major increases in SG&A expenses were a performance bonus incurred per our CEO’s employment agreement and overall higher salary expenses, which outweighed decreases in professional fees, rental equipment and consultant fees.





For Words+, SG&A expenses decreased $190,000, or 37.6%, due primarily to decreases in bad debts and commissions which outweighed increases in technical service costs, salaries and payroll-related expenses.









20





Research and Development


We incurred approximately $519,000 of research and development costs for both companies during 2QFY11.  Of this amount, $264,000 was capitalized and $255,000 was expensed.  In 2QFY10, we incurred approximately $509,000 of research and development costs, of which $257,000 was capitalized and $252,000 was expensed.  The increase of $10,000, or 2.0%, in total research and development expenditures from 2QFY10 to 2QFY11 was due to salary increases to existing staff.





Other income (expense)


Net other income (expense) decreased by $37,000, or 55.9%, to $29,000 in 2QFY11 from $66,000 in 2QFY10.  This is due to fact that we invoiced in US dollar currency rather than Japanese yen in part of 2QFY11 in accordance with our Japanese distributor’s request, in addition to price changes in our Japanese price list reflecting recent currency exchange rates.





Provision for Income Taxes


The provision for income taxes increased by $154,000, or 46.3%, to $487,000 in 2QFY11 from $333,000 in 2QFY10 due to our estimation of higher provision for income tax in fiscal year 2011.  The tax rate used in this report is lower than standard rate because of various tax credits generated and used during this reporting period.





Net Income


Consolidated net income increased by $266,000, or 41.6%, to $907,000 in 2QFY11 from $641,000 in 2QFY10.  We attribute this increase in profit to the increases in revenue from pharmaceutical software/services and Words+ products and decreases in operating expenses which outweighed increase in cost of sales, R&D expenses, tax provision and decrease in other income.





Comparison of Six Months Ended February 28, 2011 and February 28, 2010.





The following table sets forth our consolidated statements of operations (in thousands) and the percentages that such items bear to net sales:




Six Months Ended02/28/11


02/28/10Net sales

$
6,161



100
%

$
5,387



100
%Cost of sales


1,490



24.2



1,307



24.3Gross profit


4,671



75.8



4,080



75.7Selling, general and administrative


2,043



33.2



2,093



38.9Research and development


463



7.5



514



9.5Total operating expenses


2,506



40.7



2,607



48.4Income from operations


2,165



35.1



1,473



27.3Other income


54



0.9



162



3.0Net income before taxes


2,219



36.0



1,635



30.4(Provision for) income taxes


(744
)


(12.1
)


(564
)


(10.5
)Net income

$
1,475



23.9
%

$
1,071



19.9
%





Net Sales


Consolidated net sales increased $774,000, or 14.4%, to $6,161,000 in the first six months of fiscal year 2011 (6moFY11) from $5,387,000 in the first six months of fiscal year 2010 (6moFY10), a new record for the first six months.  Our sales from pharmaceutical software and services increased approximately $711,000, or 17.9%, to $4,672,000 and our Words+, Inc. subsidiary’s sales increased approximately $63,000, or 4.4%, to $1,489,000 for 6moFY11.






21




We attribute the increase in pharmaceutical software sales to increased licenses, both to new customers and for new modules, additional licenses to renewal customers, and revenue from our first GastroPlus Advanced Training Workshop, which outweighed decreases in collaborations/contract studies.  We attribute the increase in Words+ sales primarily to increases in new “EyePro” product sales and “Freedom” products which outweighed decreased revenues from other products such as “MessageMates” and “Say-it-SAM” products.





Cost of Sales


Consolidated cost of sales increased $183,000, or 14.1%, to $1,490,000 in 6moFY11 from $1,307,000 in 6moFY10, however, as a percentage of revenue in 6moFY11, it was almost identical, 24.2% in 6moFY11 and 24.3% in 6moFY10.  For Simulations Plus, cost of sales increased $175,000, or 29.6%, and as a percentage of revenue, cost of sales increased to 16.4% in 6moFY11 from 14.9% in 6moFY10.  A significant portion of cost of sales for pharmaceutical software products is the systematic amortization of capitalized software development costs, which is an independent fixed cost rather than a variable cost related to sales.  This amortization cost increased approximately $44,000, or 15.0%, in 6moFY11 compared with 6moFY10.  Royalty expense, which is a variable cost related to sales of our GastroPlus core program as well as our new ADMET Predictor Enslein Metabolism Module (and the upcoming Metabolite Module), increased approximately $93,000, or 44%, in 6moFY11 compared with 6moFY10 due to reversing a royalty cost on the Enslein Metabolism Module resulting from an amended royalty agreement during 6moFY10.  Analytical study costs increased approximately $38,000, or 43%, in 6moFY11 compared with 6moFY10.   This is due to the greater number of man-hours that were needed to complete analytical studies during 6moFY11 compared with 6moFY10.





For Words+, cost of sales increased $8,000, or 1.1%; however as a percentage of revenue, cost of sales decreased to 48.6% in 6moFY11 from 50.2% in 6moFY10.  We attribute the percentage decrease in cost of sales for Words+ to sales generated from products with higher margins.  In 6moFY10, we had a bulk order with a volume discount which resulted in lower margins, while we did not have such an order in 6moFY11.


Gross Profit


Consolidated gross profit increased $591,000, or 14.5%, to $4,671,000 in 6moFY11 from $4,080,000 in 6moFY10.  We attribute this increase to increased sales of pharmaceutical software and services with healthy gross margins in addition to the increase in gross profit from Words+ products.





Selling, General and Administrative Expenses


Consolidated selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses decreased $50,000, or 2.4%, to $2,043,000 in 6moFY11 from $2,093,000 in 6moFY10.  For Simulations Plus, SG&A increased $143,000, or 11.8%; however, as a percentage of sales, SG&A decreased 1.6%, from 30.5% in 6moFY10 to 28.9% in 6moFY11.  The major increases in SG&A expenses were commissions, a performance bonus per employment agreement, investor relations, and salary increases, which outweighed decreases in consultant fees and professional fees in 6moFY11.





For Words+, SG&A expenses decreased $193,000, or 21.8%, due to decreases in allowance for bad debts and commissions, which outweighed increases in trade show expenses, technical service costs and salaries and payroll related expenses.








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Research and Development


We incurred approximately $914,000 of research and development costs for both companies in 6moFY11.  Of this amount, $451,000 was capitalized and $463,000 was expensed.  In 6moFY10, we incurred $970,000 of research and development costs, of which $456,000 was capitalized and $514,000 was expensed.  The decrease of $56,000, or 5.8%, in total research and development expenditures from 6moFY10 to 6moFY11 was due to the fact that more hours were allocated into study contracts which were classified as cost of good sold and our CEO spent more time in S&GA activities than R&D activities.





Other income


Net other income in 6moFY11 decreased by $108,000, or 67.0%, from $162,000 to $54,000.This is due to the fact that we invoiced in US dollar currency rather than Japanese yen in most of 6moFY11 in accordance with our Japanese distributor’s request, in addition to price changes in our Japanese price list reflecting the recent currency exchange rate.





Provision for Income Taxes


The provision for income taxes increased by $180,000, or 31.8%, to $744,000 in 6moFY11 from $564,000 in 6moFY10.  This increase is due primarily to our estimation of a higher provision for income tax in fiscal year 2011.  The tax rate used in this report is lower than standard rate because of various tax credits generated and used during this reporting period.





Net Income


Consolidated net income increased by $404,000, or 37.7%, to $1,475,000 in 6moFY11 from $1,071,000 in 6moFY10.  We attribute this increase in profit to the increases in revenue from pharmaceutical software/services and Words+ products, other income, and decreases in operating expenses, which outweighed increases in cost of sales and income tax provision.





Liquidity and Capital Resources





Our principal sources of capital have been cash flows from our operations.  We have achieved continuous positive operating cash flow in the last eight fiscal years.  We believe that our existing capital and anticipated funds from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for the foreseeable future.  Thereafter, if cash generated from operations is insufficient to satisfy our capital requirements, we may open a revolving line of credit with a bank, or we may have to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain expanded credit facilities.  In the event such financing is needed in the future, there can be no assurance that such financing will be available to us, or, if available, that it will be in amounts and on terms acceptable to us. If cash flows from operations became insufficient to continue operations at the current level, and if no additional financing was obtained, then management would restructure the Company in a way to preserve its pharmaceutical and disability businesses while maintaining expenses within operating cash flows.











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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk




Our risk from exposure to financial markets is limited to foreign exchange variances and fluctuations in interest rates. We may be subject to some foreign exchange risks.  Most of our business transactions are in U.S. dollars, although we generate significant revenues from customers overseas.  The exception is that we have been compensated in Japanese yen by some Japanese customers and in Euros by one European customer; however most of the time during 6moFY11, our business transactions were in U.S. dollars by customers’ requests.  As a result, we experienced a fewer gain in 6moFY11 while we had a larger gain in 6moFY10.  In the future, if foreign currency transactions increase significantly, then we may mitigate this effect through foreign currency forward contracts whose market-to-market gains or losses are recorded in "Other Income or expense" at the time of the transaction.  To date, exchange rate exposure has not resulted in a material impact.




Item 4. Controls and Procedures




We are responsible for maintaining disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.  In designing and evaluating disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.





Based on our management’s evaluation (with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer) of our disclosure controls and procedures as required by Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.





Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting


Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Our internal controls over financial reporting are designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.





No changes were made in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.





Our management, including our CEO and CFO, does not expect that our disclosure controls or internal controls over financial reporting will prevent all errors or all instances of fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system's objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within our company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple errors or mistakes. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and any design may not succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures. Because of the inherent limitation of a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.








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Part II.  Other Information





Item 1.
Legal Proceedings


The Company is not a party to any legal proceedings and is not aware of any pending legal proceedings of any kind.





Item 1A.
Not applicable.





Item 2.
Changes in Securities


On January 10, 2010, the board of directors authorized a renewed share repurchase program effective as of February 15, 2010.  The renewed program enables the Company to buy back up to one million shares during a 12-month period.  As of February 14, 2011 when the program ended, the Company had bought back 996,248 shares under this renewed repurchase program.





Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities


None.





Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders





On February 18, 2011, the Registrant held its annual meeting of shareholders. The following proposals were submitted to a vote of security holders at the meeting.





1.
Election of five (5) directors.


Walter Woltosz


Virginia Woltosz


Dr. David Z. D'Argenio


Dr. Richard Weiss


H. Wayne Rosenberger





2.
To ratify the selection of Rose, Snyder, and Jacobs CPAs as the Company's independent public accountants.





3.
To approve an amendment to the Company’s Amended and Restated Bylaws to increase the minimum and maximum number of directors from the minimum of three (3) and maximum of five (5), to a new minimum of five (5) and maximum of nine (9).





The above proposals were approved and the results of the balloting at the meeting are summarized in the following table.




Proposal
Votes For
Votes

Against
Votes

Abstaining
Votes

Withheld
Broker-Non

votes
Total

(a)(1) Walter Woltosz
9,160,326


23,678
6,159,251
15,555,979(1) Virginia Woltosz
8,835,777


348,227
6,159,251
15,555,979(1) Dr. David Z. D'Argenio
9,083,528


100,476
6,159,251
15,555,979(1) Dr. Richard Weiss
8,794,597


389,407
6,159,251
15,555,979(1) H. Wayne Rosenberger
9,082,728


101,276
6,159,251
15,555,979(2) Appointment of RSJ
9,084,432
98,911
661

6,159,251
15,555,979(3) Increase the number of directors
9,082,468
94,746
6,790

6,159,251
15,555,979





(a)  Total Proxy Shares on record date on December 15, 2010 out of which 15,343,255 shares were reported.








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Item 5.
Other Information


We are currently being audited by the California Franchise Tax Board for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2007 and 2008.  We claimed $54,009 and $14,661 refunds for fiscal years ended August 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively.  The outcome of this audit may result in changes in the refund amounts.





Item 6.
Exhibits







EXHIBIT

NUMBER
DESCRIPTION





3.1
Articles of Incorporation of Simulations Plus, Inc. (1)


3.2
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Simulations Plus, Inc. (1)


4.1
Articles of Incorporation of Simulations Plus, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 hereof) and Bylaws of Simulations Plus, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 hereof)


4.2
Form of Common Stock Certificate (1)


4.3
Share Exchange Agreement (1)


10.1
Simulations Plus, Inc. 1996 Stock Option Plan (the “Option Plan”) and forms of agreements relating thereto (1)


10.24
Exclusive License Software Agreement by and between Simulations Plus, Inc. and Therapeutic Systems Research Laboratories dated June 30, 1997. (2)


10.45
Employment Agreement by and between the Company and Walter S. Woltosz (5)


10.46
Simulations Plus, Inc. 2007 Stock Option Plan (the “2007 Option Plan”) (6)


10.47
Lease extension agreement by and between Simulations Plus, Inc. and Crest Development  (7)


21.1
List of Subsidiaries (8)


31.1
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) – Certification of Chief Executive Officer (CEO). (8)


31.2
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) – Certification of Chief Financial Officer (CFO). (8)


32
Section 1350 – Certification of CEO and CFO. (8)


_______________________________________________





(1)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (Registration No. 333-6680) filed on March 25, 1997.


(2)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended August 31, 1997.


(3)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-91592) filed on June 28, 2002.


(4)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2006.


(5)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2009.


(6)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended November 30, 2009.


(7)
Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2010.


(8)
Filed herewith.


26


SIGNATURE





In accordance with Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Lancaster, State of California, on April 13, 2011.






Simulations Plus, IncDate:  April 13, 2011
By:
/s/ MOMOKO BERANMomoko BeranChief Financial Officer


























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