TEXAS COURT OF APPEALS, THIRD DISTRICT, AT AUSTIN

NO. 03-07-00516-CR

Richard Barnett, Appellant

v.

The State of Texas, Appellee

FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF CALDWELL COUNTY, 421ST JUDICIAL DISTRICT

NO. 2006-106, HONORABLE TODD BLOMERTH, JUDGE PRESIDING

M E M O R A N D U M O P I N I O N

A jury found appellant Richard Barnett guilty of driving while intoxicated, third

offense. See Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 49.04 (West 2003), § 49.09(b)(2) (West Supp. 2008). The

district court assessed punishment, enhanced by two previous felony convictions, at forty-five years’

imprisonment. In two points of error, appellant contends that the evidence is factually insufficient

to support the jury’s verdict and that his trial counsel rendered ineffective assistance. We overrule

these contentions and affirm the conviction.

Appellant questions the sufficiency of the evidence only with respect to the question

of his intoxication. In a factual sufficiency review, we view all the evidence in a neutral light,

favoring neither party. Roberts v. State, 220 S.W.3d 521, 524 (Tex. Crim. App. 2007); Watson

v. State, 204 S.W.3d 404, 414 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006); Johnson v. State, 23 S.W.3d 1, 7 (Tex. Crim.

App. 2000). The jury’s verdict may be set aside only if it is so contrary to the overwhelming weight
 The record reflects that Torres was not employed as a police officer at the time of the trial. 1

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of the evidence as to be clearly wrong and unjust or if it is against the great weight and

preponderance of the evidence. Watson, 204 S.W.3d at 414-17; Johnson, 23 S.W.3d at 7, 11.

The State’s only witness at the guilt-innocence stage was Lockhart police officer

Ysidro Torres. Torres testified that he stopped a pickup truck being driven without headlights at 1

11:45 p.m. Appellant was the operator of the truck. Torres immediately noticed that appellant’s

eyes were bloodshot, his speech was slurred, and he had about him the odor of alcoholic beverage.

When Torres asked appellant to get out of his vehicle, the officer noticed an open beer can in the

truck. Torres later determined that this can was half-full and cold to the touch. Torres testified that

appellant’s pants were wet, as if he had spilled beer in his lap or urinated in his pants. Appellant told

Torres that he was on his way home from a bar and that he had consumed “a couple of beers.”

Torres and appellant were standing in a gas station parking lot. Torres testified that

the surface was “flat and level,” but appellant’s “balance was unsure” and he “swayed from side to

side.” Torres said that he attempted to administer the horizontal gaze nystagmus test, but he was

unable to complete the test because appellant did not follow his instructions. During the walk-andturn test, appellant stopped while walking, stepped off the line, and raised his hands. During the onelegged stand test, appellant stopped counting at five. Torres testified that it was his opinion, based

on his training and experience, that appellant was intoxicated. Following his arrest, appellant refused

to submit a sample of his breath for testing. A videotape showing appellant at the scene of the stop

and in the intoxilyzer room at the jail was introduced in evidence and played for the jury. 
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Defense witness Frances Bennett testified that she lived with appellant for eighteen

months. She said that appellant does not speak clearly, that he “stutters and slurs.” She added that

appellant’s broken false teeth make his speech even worse. Bennett testified that appellant’s arm

and left foot are “messed up from surgery,” and that he “walks with his arm out” and “does weird

things with his fingers.” She described appellant as “slow,” and she said that “you would think he

is disabled in the way he walks and talks.” Bennett, a six-year resident of Lockhart, also testified

that she was familiar with the reputation of Officer Torres in the community, and that he was

considered to be “a dishonest cop.” Finally, Bennett testified that she had often driven appellant’s

pickup truck and that the headlights “would go off and on sometimes.”

The other defense witness was Russell Griffin. Griffin testified that he had known

appellant since 1980. His description of appellant’s manner of speaking and moving was similar to

Bennett’s. He testified that appellant was “a slow person” and that “sometimes you have to repeat

or explain to [him] what you meant when you’re telling him something.” Griffin also testified that

appellant’s pickup truck was in poor condition and difficult to drive.

Appellant argues that the evidence regarding his intoxication was wholly inferential,

that there was no “actual evidence” that he did not have the normal use of his mental or physical

faculties. He asserts that the signs of intoxication Torres claimed to have seen can be explained by

his speech impediment and physical disabilities. Appellant argues that if he was driving without his

headlights, it was not because he was intoxicated but because the lights were defective. Finally,

appellant urges that Torres was not a credible witness given his reputation in the community.
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The jury found the evidence of intoxication to be persuasive, and we owe that

determination considerable deference. See King v. State, 29 S.W.3d 556, 562 (Tex. Crim. App.

2000). We may not substitute our judgment for that of the jury, and we may not order a new trial

simply because we disagree with the jury’s verdict. Cain v. State, 958 S.W.2d 404, 407 (Tex. Crim.

App. 1997). The jury alone determines the weight to place on contradictory testimony because that

determination depends on the evaluation of credibility and demeanor. Id. at 408. We may disagree

with the jury’s result only to prevent a manifest injustice. Johnson, 23 S.W.3d at 9. Having

considered all the evidence in a neutral light, we conclude that the jury’s verdict was not manifestly

unjust. Point of error one is overruled.

In his second point of error, appellant contends that his trial counsel “violated [his]

right . . . to seek hybrid representation for the purpose of seeking to allow the jury to hear [him]

invoke his right to counsel on the DWI video, contrary to his lawyer’s advice.” Appellant’s

argument under this point of error is not, however, about hybrid representation, which he was not

absolutely entitled to and, in any event, never requested. See Scarbrough v. State, 777 S.W.2d 83,

92 (Tex. Crim. App. 1989). Appellant is actually asserting an ineffective assistance of counsel

claim. In effect, appellant argues that his attorneywas ineffective because she did not permit the jury

to hear appellant ask for a lawyer in the intoxilyzer room following his arrest.

To prevail on a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, an appellant must show that

counsel made such serious errors that he was not functioning effectively as counsel and that these

errors prejudiced the appellant’s defense to such a degree that he was deprived of a fair trial. See

Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984). In reviewing a claim of ineffective assistance,
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we must indulge a strong presumption that counsel’s conduct fell within the wide range

of reasonable professional assistance. See Jackson v. State, 877 S.W.2d 768, 771 (Tex. Crim.

App. 1994). 

The issue first arose during the punishment phase of trial, where appellant testified.

Asked by his attorney if there was “anything you’d like to tell the Judge before you get off the

stand,” appellant replied:

Yes, ma’am, about the way my trial went and how I thought that it was

misrepresented. Like when the . . . while they was watching the videotape, how all

of a sudden my lawyer jumps up, has it muted. I wanted the jurors to see that

because the cop I knew was a dishonest cop. And he read me my rights. And I went

by my rights.

They are saying I refused to blow. I wasn’t refusing to blow. I wanted

somebody else, a lawyer or somebody else, that I could trust. A dirty cop. And I

knew he was dirty. And it’s a machine, and it can be tampered with. And I feel that

was unfair that—when that video was muted, you know, because I wanted to get on

the stand. My attorney didn’t want me on the stand. You know, that was the only

chance I had to beat it. And I feel I was misrepresented. I feel she messed with the

evidence, you know.

The attorney appointed to represent appellant on appeal also raised the issue in a

motion for new trial. The motion complained that “trial counsel had the sound on the DWI

videotape turned off during a sequence when Defendant was in the intoxilyzer room.” The motion

asserted, “Defendant wanted the juryto hear him ask for an attorney, because that would explain why

he did not submit a breath sample. What Defendant wanted the jury to understand was that he did

not trust Officer Torres to run the machine properly . . . .” At the new trial hearing, appellant
 During the hearing, the prosecutor referred to “improprieties” by Torres that had been “reported 2

in various media outlets.”

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testified that he wanted the jury to hear him request an attorney “[t]o let them know I wasn’t refusing

to blow, that I just didn’t trust the officer.” 

Appellant’s trial counsel also testified at the hearing. She agreed that appellant

wanted the jury to understand why he refused the breath test:

He said he wanted the jury to know that the officer—he didn’t trust the officer

and that it really wasn’t that he never refused the test. He just wanted his lawyer.

And we talked about that from the first time that I met Mr. Barnett. He kept saying,

“I didn’t refuse. I didn’t refuse.” And I explained the law to him that invocation of

his right to counsel or asking for counsel to be present is an equivocal refusal. And

so we went back and forth about that. And I explained to him that we had other ways

to explain the lack of trustworthiness of this officer.[ ]

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Counsel testified that she advised appellant against allowing the jury to hear him request counsel,

and that appellant never said, “I want this done, and this is the way it’s going to be.” Referring to

Bennett’s testimony regarding Torres’s bad reputation, counsel said, “I thought that would handle

the situation.” Counsel also testified that it would have been a “suicide mission” for appellant to

testify at the guilt stage because the jury would have learned that he had two previous felony

convictions for driving while intoxicated.

The issue before us is not whether appellant’s invocation of his right to counsel was

or was not admissible as evidence of guilt under the circumstances of this case. See Griffith v. State,

55 S.W.3d 598, 602-08 (Tex. Crim. App. 2001). The issue is whether appellant’s trial counsel was

ineffective because she did not waive any objection and ask that the jury be allowed to hear that
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invocation. We conclude that she was not. Hearing appellant invoke hisright to counsel would not,

in itself, have conveyed to the jury appellant’s mistrust of the officer, which was his alleged reason

for wanting counsel to be present. At the same time, the jury might have considered the request for

counsel to be evidence that appellant was aware of his intoxication and for that reason wanted to

consult with counsel before taking the test. See id. at 601. Appellant has not shown that trial

counsel’s decision to prevent the jury from hearing his request for an attorney was outside the broad

range of reasonably effective assistance. Point of error two is overruled.

The judgment of conviction is affirmed.

__________________________________________

Jan P. Patterson, Justice

Before Justices Patterson, Waldrop and Henson

Affirmed

Filed: November 26, 2008

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