Exhibit 10.1


 


SECURITIES
PURCHASE AGREEMENT


 


This
Securities Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of August 21, 2019, between Ecoark Holdings, Inc., a
Nevada corporation (the “Company”), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including
its successors and assigns, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”).


 


WHEREAS,
subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Rule 506 promulgated thereunder, the Company desires to issue and sell
to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company
as more fully described in this Agreement.


 


NOW,
THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration
the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agree as follows:


 


ARTICLE
I.


DEFINITIONS


 


1.1 Definitions.
In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement: (a) capitalized terms that are not otherwise defined herein have
the meanings given to such terms in the Certificate of Designation (as defined herein), and (b) the following terms have the meanings
set forth in this Section 1.1:


 


“Acquiring
Person” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.7.


 


“Action”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(j).


 


“Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common
control with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.


 


“Board
of Directors”means the board of directors of the Company.


 


“Business
Day” means any day except any Saturday, any Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the United States or
any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or required by law or other governmental action
to close.


 


“Certificate
of Designation” means the Certificate of Designation to be filed prior to the Closing by the Company with the Secretary
of State of Nevada, in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.


 


“Closing”
means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.1.


 






     


     


    

 


“Closing
Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable
parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchasers’ obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii)
the Company’s obligations to deliver the Securities, in each case, have been satisfied or waived.


 


“Commission”
means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.


 


“Common
Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share, and any other class of securities into which
such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.


 


“Common
Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to
acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument
that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive,
Common Stock.


 


“Company
Counsel” means Carmel, Milazzo & DiChiara LLP, with offices located at 55
W 39th St 18th Floor, New York, New York 10018.


 


“Conversion
Price” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Certificate of Designation.


 


“Conversion
Shares” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Certificate of Designation.


 


“Disclosure
Schedules” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1.


 


“Disclosure
Time” means, (i) if this Agreement is signed on a day that is not a Trading Day or after 9:00 a.m. (New York City time)
and before midnight (New York City time) on any Trading Day, 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following
the date hereof, and (ii) if this Agreement is signed between midnight (New York City time) and 9:00 a.m. (New York City time)
on any Trading Day, no later than 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the date hereof.


 


“Effective
Date” means the earliest of the date that (a) the initial Registration Statement has been declared effective by the
Commission, (b) all of the Underlying Shares have been sold pursuant to Rule 144 or may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 without the
requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 and without volume
or manner-of-sale restrictions, (c) following the one year anniversary of the Closing Date provided that a holder of Underlying
Shares is not an Affiliate of the Company, or (d) all of the Underlying Shares may be sold pursuant to an exemption from registration
under Section 4(a)(1) of the Securities Act without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions and Company Counsel has delivered to
such holders a standing written unqualified opinion that resales may then be made by such holders of the Underlying Shares pursuant
to such exemption which opinion shall be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to such holders.


 






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“EGS”
means Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, with offices located at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105-0302.


 


“Evaluation
Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(s).


 


“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.


 


“Exempt
Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock or options to employees, officers or directors of the Company
pursuant to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non-employee members of the Board of
Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered
to the Company, (b) securities upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other
securities exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this
Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such
securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection
with stock splits or combinations) or to extend the term of such securities, (c) up to 500,000 shares of Common Stock to be paid
to consultants and advisors for services rendered, provided that such shares of Common Stock are issued as “restricted securities”
(as defined in Rule 144) and carry no registration rights that require or permit the filing of any registration statement in connection
therewith during the prohibition period in Section 4.12(a) herein, and (d) securities issued pursuant to acquisitions or strategic
transactions approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company, provided that such Common Stock or securities
are issued as “restricted securities” (as defined in Rule 144) and carry no registration rights that require or permit
the filing of any registration statement in connection therewith during the prohibition period in Section 4.12(a) herein, and
provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equityholders of a Person) which is, itself or through its
subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall
provide to the Company additional benefits in addition to the investment of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which
the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing
in securities.


 


“FCPA”
means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.


 


“GAAP”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).


 


“Indebtedness”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(bb).


 






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“Intellectual
Property Rights” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(o).


 


“Legend
Removal Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.1(c).


 


“Liens”
means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.


 


“Lock-Up
Agreement” means the Lock-Up Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Company and the directors and
officers of the Company, in the form of Exhibit D attached hereto.


 


“Material
Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1(b).


 


“Material
Permits” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(n).


 


“Maximum
Rate” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.17.


 


“Participation
Maximum” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.12(a).


 


“Person”
means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability
company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.


 


“Preferred
Stock” means the up to 2,000 shares of the Company’s Series B Convertible Preferred Stock issued hereunder having
the rights, preferences and privileges set forth in the Certificate of Designation, in the form of Exhibit A hereto.


 


“Pre-Notice”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.12(b).


 


“Pro
Rata Portion” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.12(e).


 


“Proceeding”
means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial
proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.


 


“Public
Information Failure” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.3(b).


 


“Public
Information Failure Payments” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.3(b).


 






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“Purchaser
Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.10.


 


“Registration
Rights Agreement” means the Registration Rights Agreement, dated on or about the date hereof, among the Company and
the Purchasers, in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.


 


“Registration
Statement” means a registration statement meeting the requirements set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement and
covering the resale of the Underlying Shares by each Purchaser as provided for in the Registration Rights Agreement.


 


“Required
Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(e).


 


“Required
Minimum” means, as of any date, the maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock then issued or potentially issuable
in the future pursuant to the Transaction Documents, including any Underlying Shares issuable upon exercise in full of all Warrants
or conversion in full of all shares of Preferred Stock, ignoring any conversion or exercise limits set forth therein.


 


“Rule
144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted
from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose
and effect as such Rule.


 


“Rule
424” means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted
from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose
and effect as such Rule.


 


“SEC
Reports” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).


 


“Securities”
means the Preferred Stock, the Warrants, the Warrant Shares and the Underlying Shares.


 


“Securities
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.


 


“Short
Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall
not be deemed to include locating and/or borrowing shares of Common Stock).


 


“Stated
Value” means $1,000 per share of Preferred Stock.


 


“Subscription
Amount” shall mean, as to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Preferred Stock purchased hereunder
as specified below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription
Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.


 






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“Subsequent
Financing” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.12(a).


 


“Subsequent
Financing Notice” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.12(b).


 


“Subsidiary”
means any subsidiary of the Company as set forth on Schedule 3.1(a) and shall, where applicable, also include any direct
or indirect subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the date hereof.


 


“Trading
Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.


 


“Trading
Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on
the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market,
the New York Stock Exchange, OTCQB or OTCQX (or any successors to any of the foregoing).


 


“Transaction
Documents” means this Agreement, the Certificate of Designation, the Warrants, the Lock-Up Agreement, the Registration
Rights Agreement, all exhibits and schedules thereto and hereto and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with
the transactions contemplated hereunder.


 


“Transfer
Agent” means Philadelphia Stock Transfer, Inc., the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of
2320 Haverford Rd., Suite 230. Ardmore, PA  19003 and a facsimile number of (484) 416-3597, and any successor transfer agent
of the Company.


 


“Underlying
Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issued and issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Stock and upon exercise
of the Warrants.


 


“Variable
Rate Transaction” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.13(b).


 


“VWAP”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then
listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest
preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based
on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading
Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX
as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common
Stock are then reported by the Pink Open Markets. (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting
prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value
of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Purchasers of a majority in
interest of the Securities then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be
paid by the Company.


 






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“Warrants”
means, collectively, the Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance with Section
2.2(a) hereof, which Warrants shall be exercisable immediately and have a term of exercise equal to five (5) years, in the form
of Exhibit C attached hereto.


 


“Warrant
Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants.


 


ARTICLE
II.


PURCHASE
AND SALE


 


2.1 Closing.
On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, substantially concurrent with the execution
and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto, the Company agrees to sell, and the Purchasers, severally and not jointly,
agree to purchase, up to an aggregate of$2,000,000 of shares of Preferred Stock with an aggregate Stated Value for each Purchaser
equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount as set forth on the signature page hereto executed by such Purchaser, and
Warrants as determined by pursuant to Section 2.2(a). The aggregate number of shares of Preferred Stock sold hereunder shall be
up to 2,000. Each Purchaser shall deliver to the Company, via wire transfer or a certified check, immediately available funds
equal to such Purchasers Subscription Amount and the Company shall deliver to each Purchaser its respective shares of Preferred
Stock and Warrants as determined pursuant to Section 2.2(a), and the Company and each Purchaser shall deliver the other items
set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at the Closing. Upon satisfaction of the covenants and conditions set forth in Sections 2.2
and 2.3, the Closing shall occur at the offices of EGS or such other location as the parties shall mutually agree.


 


2.2 Deliveries.




 


(a) On
or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following:


 


 (i) this Agreement duly executed by the Company;




 


(ii) a
legal opinion of Company Counsel in a form reasonably acceptable to the Purchasers;


 


(iii) a
certificate evidencing a number of shares of Preferred Stock equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount divided by the
Stated Value, registered in the name of such Purchaser and evidence of the filing and acceptance of the Certificate of Designation
from the Secretary of State of Nevada;


 






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(iv) a
Warrant registered in the name of such Purchaser to purchase up to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to 100% of such Purchaser’s
Conversion Shares, with an exercise price equal to $0.51, subject to adjustment therein;


 


(v) the
Company shall have provided each Purchaser with the Company’s wire instructions, on Company letterhead and executed by the
Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer;


 


(vi) the
Lock-Up Agreements; and


 


(vii) the
Registration Rights Agreement duly executed by the Company.


 


(b) On
or prior to the Closing Date, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company, the following:


 


 (i) this Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser;




 


(ii) such
Purchaser’s Subscription Amount by wire transfer to the account specified in writing by the Company; and


 


(iii) the
Registration Rights Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser.


 


 2.3 Closing Conditions.




 


(a) The
obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:


 


(i) the
accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse
Effect, in all respects) on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained herein (unless
as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);


 


(ii) all
obligations, covenants and agreements of each Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been
performed; and


 


(iii) the
delivery by each Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.


 






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(b) The
respective obligations of the Purchasers hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being
met:


 


(i) the
accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse
Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein
(unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);


 


(ii) all
obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been
performed;


 


(iii) the
delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement;


 


(iv) there
shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof; and


 


(v) from
the date hereof to the Closing Date, trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission or the Company’s
principal Trading Market and, at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg
L.P. shall not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on securities whose trades are
reported by such service, or on any Trading Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States
or New York State authorities nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national
or international calamity of such magnitude in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market which, in
each case, in the reasonable judgment of such Purchaser, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Securities at the
Closing.


 


ARTICLE
III.


REPRESENTATIONS
AND WARRANTIES


 


3.1 Representations
and Warranties of the Company. Except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedules, which Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed
a part hereof and shall qualify any representation or otherwise made herein to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding
section of the Disclosure Schedules, the Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser:


 


(a) Subsidiaries.
All of the direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company are set forth on Schedule 3.1(a). The Company owns, directly
or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the
issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free
of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. If the Company has no subsidiaries, all other references
to the Subsidiaries or any of them in the Transaction Documents shall be disregarded.


 






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(b) Organization
and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly
existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power
and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company
nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation,
bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business
and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted
or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as
the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity
or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business,
prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse
effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction
Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding has been instituted in
any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.


 


(c) Authorization;
Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder
and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the
consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the
part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders
in connection herewith or therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals. This Agreement and each other Transaction
Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in
accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against
the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii)
as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii)
insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.


 


(d) No
Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to
which it is a party, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate
or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default
(or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon
any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, anti-dilution
or similar adjustments, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit
facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the
Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected,
or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment,
injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject
(including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary
is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to
result in a Material Adverse Effect.


 






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(e) Filings,
Consents and Approvals. The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice
to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other
Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i)
the filings required pursuant to Section 4.6 of this Agreement, (ii) the filing with the Commission pursuant to the Registration
Rights Agreement, (iii) the notice and/or application(s) to each applicable Trading Market for the issuance and sale of the Securities
and the listing of the Underlying Shares for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby, and (iv) the filing of Form
D with the Commission and such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (collectively, the “Required
Approvals”).


 


(f) Issuance
of the Securities. The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction
Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company other
than restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents. The Underlying Shares, when issued in accordance with
the terms of the Transaction Documents, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed
by the Company other than restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents. The Company has reserved from its
duly authorized capital stock a number of shares of Common Stock for issuance of the Underlying Shares at least equal to the Required
Minimum on the date hereof.


 


(g) Capitalization.
The capitalization of the Company as of the date hereof is as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), which Schedule 3.1(g)
shall also include the number of shares of Common Stock owned beneficially, and of record, by Affiliates of the Company as of
the date hereof. The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange
Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options under the Company’s stock option plans, the issuance
of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant to the conversion
and/or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange
Act. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in
the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities, there
are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating
to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to
subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of any Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments, understandings
or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common
Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company or
any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers). There are no outstanding
securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary with any provision that adjusts the exercise, conversion, exchange
or reset price of such security or instrument upon an issuance of securities by the Company or any Subsidiary. There are no outstanding
securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no
contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem
a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock”
plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized,
validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none
of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.
No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale
of the Securities. There are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s
capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s
stockholders.


 






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(h) SEC
Reports; Financial Statements. Other than as disclosed in SEC Filings and Schedule 3.1(h): (1) the Company has filed all reports,
schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange
Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period
as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material) (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto
and documents incorporated by reference therein, being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC Reports”)
on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration
of any such extension; (2) as of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements
of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement
of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; (3) the financial statements of the Company
included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations
of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing; and (4) such financial statements have been prepared
in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved
(“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except
that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects
the financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations
and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit
adjustments. The Company has never been an issuer subject to Rule 144(i) under the Securities Act.


 






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(i) Material
Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included
within the SEC Reports, except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development
that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any
liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant
to GAAP or disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the
Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed
or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities
to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company stock option plans. The Company does not have pending
before the Commission any request for confidential treatment of information. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated
by this Agreement or as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development
has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective
businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition, that would be required to be disclosed by the Company
under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at
least 1 Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.


 


(j) Litigation.
Except as set forth in Schedule 3.1(j), there is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation
pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective
properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state,
county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”). None of the actions set forth in Schedule 3.1(j)
(i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities
or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither
the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim
of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been,
and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving the Company
or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending
the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act or the Securities
Act.


 






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(k) Labor
Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of
the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’
employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries
believe that their relationships with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company
or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality,
disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive
covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are
in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices,
terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or
in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.


 


(l) Compliance.
Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been
waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has
the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture,
loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is
bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any
court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation
of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental
protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as
could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.


 






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(m)Environmental
Laws.The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to
pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or
subsurface strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants,
contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment,
or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of
Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses,
notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“Environmental
Laws”); (ii) have received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws
to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license
or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.


 


(n) Regulatory
Permits. The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal,
state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports,
except where the failure to possess such permits could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material
Permits”), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation
or modification of any Material Permit.


 


(o) Title
to Assets. The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them
and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries,
in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for (i) Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not
materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries and (ii) Liens
for the payment of federal, state or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made therefor in accordance with GAAP
and, the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by
the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the
Subsidiaries are in compliance.


 


(p) Intellectual
Property. The Company and the Subsidiaries have, or have rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark
applications, service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property rights
and similar rights necessary or required for use in connection with their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports
and which the failure to so have could have a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the “Intellectual Property Rights”).
None of, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that any of, the Intellectual
Property Rights has expired, terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be abandoned, within two (2)
years from the date of this Agreement. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received, since the date of the latest audited
financial statements included within the SEC Reports, a written notice of a claim or otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual
Property Rights violate or infringe upon the rights of any Person, except as could not have or reasonably be expected to not have
a Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is
no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken
reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their intellectual properties, except
where failure to do so could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.


 






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(q) Insurance.
The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks
and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including,
but not limited to, directors and officers insurance coverage at least equal to the aggregate Subscription Amount. Neither the
Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and
when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without
a significant increase in cost.


 


(r) Transactions
with Affiliates and Employees. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(r), none of the officers or directors of the Company
or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a
party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including
any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or
personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments
to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director,
or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case
in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses
incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option
plan of the Company.


 


(s) Sarbanes-Oxley;
Internal Accounting Controls. The Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all applicable requirements
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated
by the Commission thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company and the Subsidiaries
maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed
in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted
only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets
is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.
The Company and the Subsidiaries have established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e)
and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and the Subsidiaries and designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information
required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized
and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms. The Company’s certifying officers
have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of
the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”).
The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers
about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since
the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the
Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect,
the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.


 






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(t) Certain
Fees. No brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker,
financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions
contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchasers shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to
any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due in connection
with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.


 


(u) Private
Placement. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, no registration
under the Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Securities by the Company to the Purchasers as contemplated
hereby. The issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder does not contravene the rules and regulations of the Trading Market.


 


(v) Investment
Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will
not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as
amended. The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject
to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.


 


(w) Registration
Rights. Other than each of the Purchasers, no Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration
under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary.


 


(x) Listing
and Maintenance Requirements. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the
Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration
of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating
terminating such registration. The Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from any Trading
Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the
listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. The Company is, and has no reason to believe that it will not in the
foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements. The Common Stock is currently
eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation and the Company
is current in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust Company (or such other established clearing corporation) in connection
with such electronic transfer.


 






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(y) Application
of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render
inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement)
or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents)
or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and
the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation
as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchasers’ ownership of the Securities.


 


(z) Disclosure.
Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company
confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Purchasers or their agents or counsel
with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information. The Company understands
and confirms that the Purchasers will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.
All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchasers regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their
respective businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, is true
and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order
to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The press releases
disseminated by the Company during the twelve months preceding the date of this Agreement taken as a whole do not contain any
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make
the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading. The Company
acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions
contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 3.2 hereof.


 


(aa)No
Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2,
neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made
any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering
of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of (i) the Securities Act which would require
the registration of any such securities under the Securities Act, or (ii) any applicable shareholder approval provisions of any
Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.


 






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(bb)Solvency.
Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the
Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder (i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets exceeds
the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including
known contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to
carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular
capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability
thereof, and (iii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate
all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in
respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability
to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt).
The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation
under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date. Schedule 3.1(bb)
sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which
the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x)
any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $50,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary
course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether
or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties
by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business;
and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $50,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance
with GAAP. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.


 


(cc)Tax
Status. Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a
Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries each (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local
income and all foreign income and franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is
subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined
to be due on such returns, reports and declarations and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the
payment of all material taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There
are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of
the Company or of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such claim.


 






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(dd)No
General Solicitation. Neither the Company nor any Person acting on behalf of the Company has offered or sold any of the Securities
by any form of general solicitation or general advertising. The Company has offered the Securities for sale only to the Purchasers
and certain other “accredited investors” within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act.


 


(ee)Foreign
Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent
or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful
contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any
unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns
from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person
acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law or (iv) violated in any material respect any
provision of FCPA.


 


(ff)Accountants.
The Company’s accounting firm is set forth on Schedule 3.1(ff) of the Disclosure Schedules. To the knowledge and
belief of the Company, such accounting firm (i) is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act and (ii)
has expressed its opinion with respect to the financial statements to be included in the Company’s Annual Report for the
fiscal year ending March 31, 2019.


 


(gg)Seniority.
As of the Closing Date, no Indebtedness or other claim against the Company is senior to the Preferred Stock in right of payment,
whether with respect to interest or upon liquidation or dissolution, or otherwise, other than indebtedness secured by purchase
money security interests (which is senior only as to underlying assets covered thereby) and capital lease obligations (which is
senior only as to the property covered thereby).


 


(hh)No
Disagreements with Accountants and Lawyers. There are no disagreements of any kind presently existing, or reasonably anticipated
by the Company to arise, between the Company and the accountants and lawyers formerly or presently employed by the Company and
the Company is current with respect to any fees owed to its accountants and lawyers which could affect the Company’s ability
to perform any of its obligations under any of the Transaction Documents.


 


(ii) Acknowledgment
Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Purchasers is acting
solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated
thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in
any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given
by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions
contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents
to each Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been
based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.


 






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(jj)Acknowledgment
Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Anything in this Agreement or elsewhere herein to the contrary notwithstanding
(except for Sections 3.2(g) and 4.15 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) none of the Purchasers
has been asked by the Company to agree, nor has any Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short,
securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities
for any specified term, (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without
limitation, Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement
transactions, may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities, (iii) any Purchaser, and
counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which any such Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, may presently
have a “short” position in the Common Stock and (iv) each Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with
or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands
and acknowledges that (y) one or more Purchasers may engage in hedging activities at various times during the period that the
Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value of the Underlying Shares deliverable
with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing
stockholders’ equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted. The
Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.


 


(kk)Regulation
M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly,
any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to
facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting
purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase
any other securities of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Company’s
placement agent in connection with the placement of the Securities.


 


(ll)Stock
Option Plans. Each stock option granted by the Company under the Company’s stock option plan was granted (i) in accordance
with the terms of the Company’s stock option plan and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value
of the Common Stock on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted
under the Company’s stock option plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has
been no Company policy or practice to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of
stock options with, the release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries
or their financial results or prospects.


 






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(mm)Office
of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any director, officer,
agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office
of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).


 


(nn)U.S.
Real Property Holding Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the
meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s
request.


 


(oo) Bank
Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company
Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
(the “Federal Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly
or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent or
more of the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank
or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.


 


(pp)Money
Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with
applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970,
as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money
Laundering Laws”), and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any
arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of
the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.


 


(qq)No
Disqualification Events. With respect to the Securities to be offered and sold hereunder in reliance on Rule 506 under the
Securities Act, none of the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer
of the Company participating in the offering hereunder, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding
voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under
the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale (each, an “Issuer Covered Person”
and, together, “Issuer Covered Persons”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications
described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for
a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any
Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company has complied, to the extent applicable, with its disclosure
obligations under Rule 506(e), and has furnished to the Purchasers a copy of any disclosures provided thereunder.


 






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(rr)Other
Covered Persons. The Company is not aware of any person (other than any Issuer Covered Person) that has been or will be paid
(directly or indirectly) remuneration for solicitation of purchasers in connection with the sale of any Securities.


 


(ss)Notice
of Disqualification Events. The Company will notify the Purchasers in writing, prior to the Closing Date of (i) any Disqualification
Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person and (ii) any event that would, with the passage of time, become a Disqualification
Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person.


 


3.2 Representations
and Warranties of the Purchasers. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as
of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein, in which case they
shall be accurate as of such date):


 


(a) Organization;
Authority. Such Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing
under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability
company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents
and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and
performance by such Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents have been duly authorized by all necessary
corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of such Purchaser. Each Transaction
Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with
the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance
with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium
and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating
to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification
and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.


 


(b) Own
Account. Such Purchaser understands that the Securities are “restricted securities” and have not been registered
under the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account
and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act
or any applicable state securities law, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities in violation of the Securities
Act or any applicable state securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons
to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities
law (this representation and warranty not limiting such Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities pursuant to the Registration
Statement or otherwise in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities
hereunder in the ordinary course of its business.


 






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(c) Purchaser
Status. At the time such Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, and on each date on
which it exercises any Warrants or converts any shares of Preferred Stock, it will an “accredited investor” as defined
in Rule 501(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(7) or (a)(8) under the Securities Act.


 


(d) Experience
of Such Purchaser. Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and
experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment
in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk
of an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.


 


(e) General
Solicitation. Such Purchaser is not, to such Purchaser’s knowledge, purchasing the Securities as a result of any advertisement,
article, notice or other communication regarding the Securities published in any newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast
over television or radio or presented at any seminar or, to the knowledge of such Purchaser, any other general solicitation or
general advertisement.


 


(f) Access
to Information. Such Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including
all exhibits and schedules thereto) and the SEC Reports and has been afforded (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it
has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the
offering of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company
and its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to
evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire
without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment.



 


(g) Certain
Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, such Purchaser has not,
nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any
purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that such
Purchaser first received a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting
forth the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage
separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions
made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall
only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase
the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement or to such Purchaser’s representatives,
including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners, legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates,
such Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including
the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein
shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to locating or borrowing shares in order
to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.


 






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The
Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in this Section 3.2 shall not modify, amend or affect such
Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations
and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection
with this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance
of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to locating
or borrowing shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.


 


ARTICLE
IV.


OTHER
AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES


 


4.1 Transfer
Restrictions.


 


(a) The
Securities may only be disposed of in compliance with state and federal securities laws. In connection with any transfer of Securities
other than pursuant to an effective registration statement or Rule 144, to the Company or to an Affiliate of a Purchaser or in
connection with a pledge as contemplated in Section 4.1(b), the Company may require the transferor thereof to provide to the Company
an opinion of counsel selected by the transferor and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the form and substance of which opinion
shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that such transfer does not require registration of such transferred
Securities under the Securities Act. As a condition of transfer, any such transferee shall agree in writing to be bound by the
terms of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement and shall have the rights and obligations of a Purchaser under this
Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement.


 






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(b) The
Purchasers agree to the imprinting, so long as is required by this Section 4.1, of a legend on any of the Securities in the following
form:


 


[NEITHER]
THIS SECURITY [NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS [EXERCISABLE] [CONVERTIBLE]] HAS [NOT] BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT
PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION
NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS
SECURITY [AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON [EXERCISE] [CONVERSION] OF THIS SECURITY] MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA
FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT WITH A REGISTERED BROKER-DEALER OR OTHER LOAN WITH A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION THAT IS AN “ACCREDITED INVESTOR”
AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.


 


The
Company acknowledges and agrees that a Purchaser may from time to time pledge pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement with a
registered broker-dealer or grant a security interest in some or all of the Securities to a financial institution that is an “accredited
investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and, if required under the terms of such arrangement, such
Purchaser may transfer pledged or secured Securities to the pledgees or secured parties. Such a pledge or transfer would not be
subject to approval of the Company and no legal opinion of legal counsel of the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required
in connection therewith. Further, no notice shall be required of such pledge. At the appropriate Purchaser’s expense, the
Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation as a pledgee or secured party of Securities may reasonably request
in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Securities, including, if the Securities are subject to registration pursuant to
the Registration Rights Agreement, the preparation and filing of any required prospectus supplement under Rule 424(b)(3) under
the Securities Act or other applicable provision of the Securities Act to appropriately amend the list of Selling Stockholders
(as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement) thereunder.


 






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(c) Certificates
evidencing the Underlying Shares shall not contain any legend (including the legend set forth in Section 4.1(b) hereof): (i) while
a registration statement (including the Registration Statement) covering the resale of such security is effective under the Securities
Act, (ii) following any sale of such Underlying Shares pursuant to Rule 144 (assuming cashless exercise of the Warrants), (iii)
if such Underlying Shares are eligible for sale under Rule 144 (assuming cashless exercise of the Warrants) or (iv) if such legend
is not required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued
by the staff of the Commission). The Company shall cause its counsel to issue a legal opinion to the Transfer Agent or the Purchaser
promptly after the Effective Date if required by the Transfer Agent to effect the removal of the legend hereunder, or if requested
by a Purchaser, respectively. If all or any shares of Preferred Stock are converted or any portion of a Warrant is exercised at
a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover the resale of the Underlying Shares, or if such Underlying Shares
may be sold under Rule 144 and the Company is then in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144,
or if the Underlying Shares may be sold under Rule 144 (assuming cashless exercise of the Warrants) without the requirement for
the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Underlying Shares and without
volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or if such legend is not otherwise required under applicable requirements of the Securities
Act (including judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the Commission) then such Underlying Shares
shall be issued free of all legends. The Company agrees that following the Effective Date or at such time as such legend is no
longer required under this Section 4.1(c), it will, no later than the earlier of (i) two (2) Trading Days and (ii) the number
of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period (as defined below) following the delivery by a Purchaser to the Company
or the Transfer Agent of a certificate representing Underlying Shares, as applicable, issued with a restrictive legend (such date,
the “Legend Removal Date”), deliver or cause to be delivered to such Purchaser a certificate representing such
shares that is free from all restrictive and other legends. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions
to the Transfer Agent that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 4. Certificates for Underlying Shares
subject to legend removal hereunder shall be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Purchaser by crediting the account of the
Purchaser’s prime broker with the Depository Trust Company System as directed by such Purchaser. As used herein, “Standard
Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a number of Trading Days, on the Company’s
primary Trading Market with respect to the Common Stock as in effect on the date of delivery of a certificate representing Underlying
Shares, as applicable, issued with a restrictive legend.


 


(d)In
addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, (i) as partial liquidated
damages and not as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Underlying Shares (based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date such Securities
are submitted to the Transfer Agent) delivered for removal of the restrictive legend and subject to Section 4.1(c), $10 per Trading
Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day five (5) Trading Days after such damages have begun to accrue) for each Trading Day after
the Legend Removal Date until such certificate is delivered without a legend and (ii) if the Company fails to (a) issue and deliver
(or cause to be delivered) to a Purchaser by the Legend Removal Date a certificate representing the Securities so delivered to
the Company by such Purchaser that is free from all restrictive and other legends and (b) if after the Legend Removal Date such
Purchaser purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by
such Purchaser of all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock, or a sale of a number of shares of Common Stock
equal to all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock that such Purchaser anticipated receiving from the Company
without any restrictive legend, then, an amount equal to the excess of such Purchaser’s total purchase price (including
brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (including brokerage
commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) (the “Buy-In Price”)
over the product of (x) such number of Underlying Shares that the Company was required to deliver to such Purchaser by the Legend
Removal Date multiplied by (y) the lowest closing sale price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing
on the date of the delivery by such Purchaser to the Company of the applicable Underlying Shares (as the case may be) and ending
on the date of such delivery and payment under this clause (ii).


 






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(e) Each
Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, agrees with the Company that such Purchaser will sell any Securities
pursuant to either the registration requirements of the Securities Act, including any applicable prospectus delivery requirements,
or an exemption therefrom, and that if Securities are sold pursuant to a Registration Statement, they will be sold in compliance
with the plan of distribution set forth therein, and acknowledges that the removal of the restrictive legend from certificates
representing Securities as set forth in this Section 4.1 is predicated upon the Company’s reliance upon this understanding.


 


4.2 Acknowledgment
of Dilution. The Company acknowledges that the issuance of the Securities may result in dilution of the outstanding shares
of Common Stock, which dilution may be substantial under certain market conditions. The Company further acknowledges that its
obligations under the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, its obligation to issue the Underlying Shares pursuant
to the Transaction Documents, are unconditional and absolute and not subject to any right of set off, counterclaim, delay or reduction,
regardless of the effect of any such dilution or any claim the Company may have against any Purchaser and regardless of the dilutive
effect that such issuance may have on the ownership of the other stockholders of the Company.


 


4.3 Furnishing
of Information; Public Information.


 


(a) If the Common Stock is not registered under Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act
on the date hereof, the Company agrees to cause the Common Stock to be registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act on or
before the 60th calendar day following the date hereof. Until the earliest of the time that (i) no Purchaser owns Securities
or (ii) the Warrants have expired, the Company covenants to maintain the registration of the Common Stock under Section 12(b)
or 12(g) of the Exchange Act and to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace
period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act even if the Company
is not then subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.


 






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(b) At any time during the period commencing from the six (6) month anniversary of the date
hereof and ending at such time that all of the Securities may be sold without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance
with Rule 144(c)(1) and otherwise without restriction or limitation pursuant to Rule 144, if the Company (i) shall fail for any
reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144(c) or (ii) has ever been an issuer described in Rule
144(i)(1)(i) or becomes an issuer in the future, and the Company shall fail to satisfy any condition set forth in Rule 144(i)(2)
(a “Public Information Failure”) then, in addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, the
Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, by reason of any such delay in
or reduction of its ability to sell the Securities, an amount in cash equal to two percent (2.0%) of the aggregate Subscription
Amount of such Purchaser’s Securities on the day of a Public Information Failure and on every thirtieth (30th)
day (pro rated for periods totaling less than thirty days) thereafter until the earlier of (a) the date such Public Information
Failure is cured and (b) such time that such public information is no longer required for the Purchasers to transfer the Underlying
Shares pursuant to Rule 144. The payments to which a Purchaser shall be entitled pursuant to this Section 4.3(b) are referred
to herein as “Public Information Failure Payments.” Public Information Failure Payments shall be paid on the
earlier of (i) the last day of the calendar month during which such Public Information Failure Payments are incurred and (ii)
the third (3rd) Business Day after the event or failure giving rise to the Public Information Failure Payments is cured.
In the event the Company fails to make Public Information Failure Payments in a timely manner, such Public Information Failure
Payments shall bear interest at the rate of 1.5% per month (prorated for partial months) until paid in full. Nothing herein shall
limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Public Information Failure, and such Purchaser shall have
the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance
and/or injunctive relief.


 


4.4 Integration.
The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined
in Section 2 of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities in a manner that would require
the registration under the Securities Act of the sale of the Securities or that would be integrated with the offer or sale of
the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require shareholder approval
prior to the closing of such other transaction unless shareholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.


 


4.5 Conversion
and Exercise Procedures. Each of the form of Notice of Exercise included in the Warrants and the form of Notice of Conversion
included in the Certificate of Designation set forth the totality of the procedures required of the Purchasers in order to exercise
the Warrants or convert the Preferred Stock. Without limiting the preceding sentences, no ink-original Notice of Exercise or Notice
of Conversion shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice
of Exercise or Notice of Conversion form be required in order to exercise the Warrants or convert the Preferred Stock. No additional
legal opinion, other information or instructions shall be required of the Purchasers to exercise their Warrants or convert their
Preferred Stock. The Company shall honor exercises of the Warrants and conversions of the Preferred Stock and shall deliver Underlying
Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods set forth in the Transaction Documents.


 






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4.6 Securities
Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall (a) by the Disclosure Time, issue a press release disclosing the material terms
of the transactions contemplated hereby, and (b) file a Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Transaction Documents as exhibits
thereto, with the Commission within the time required by the Exchange Act. From and after the issuance of such press release,
the Company represents to the Purchasers that it shall have publicly disclosed all material, non-public information delivered
to any of the Purchasers by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees
or agents in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective upon the issuance
of such press release, the Company acknowledges and agrees that any and all confidentiality or similar obligations under any agreement,
whether written or oral, between the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, agents,
employees or Affiliates on the one hand, and any of the Purchasers or any of their Affiliates on the other hand, shall terminate.
The Company and each Purchaser shall consult with each other in issuing any other press releases with respect to the transactions
contemplated hereby, and neither the Company nor any Purchaser shall issue any such press release nor otherwise make any such
public statement without the prior consent of the Company, with respect to any press release of any Purchaser, or without the
prior consent of each Purchaser, with respect to any press release of the Company, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld
or delayed, except if such disclosure is required by law, in which case the disclosing party shall promptly provide the other
party with prior notice of such public statement or communication. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not publicly
disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser in any filing with the Commission or any regulatory agency
or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of such Purchaser, except (a) as required by federal securities law in connection
with (i) any registration statement contemplated by the Registration Rights Agreement and (ii) the filing of final Transaction
Documents with the Commission and (b) to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations, in which
case the Company shall provide the Purchasers with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b).


 


4.7 Shareholder
Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that
any Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill
(including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted
by the Company, or that any Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of
receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchasers.


 






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4.8 Non-Public Information. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions
of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, which shall be disclosed pursuant to Section 4.6, the Company covenants
and agrees that neither it, nor any other Person acting on its behalf will provide any Purchaser or its agents or counsel with
any information that constitutes, or the Company reasonably believes constitutes, material non-public information, unless prior
thereto such Purchaser shall have consented to the receipt of such information and agreed with the Company to keep such information
confidential. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting
transactions in securities of the Company. To the extent that the Company delivers any material, non-public information to a Purchaser
without such Purchaser’s consent, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that such Purchaser shall not have any duty of
confidentiality to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or
Affiliates, or a duty to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees
or Affiliates not to trade on the basis of, such material, non-public information, provided that the Purchaser shall remain subject
to applicable law. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material,
non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission
pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing
covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.


 


4.9 Use
of Proceeds. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.9 attached hereto, the Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale
of the Securities hereunder for working capital purposes and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the satisfaction of any portion
of the Company’s debt (other than payment of trade payables in the ordinary course of the Company’s business and prior
practices), (b) for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) for the settlement of any outstanding
litigation or (d) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations.


 


4.10 Indemnification
of Purchasers. Subject to the provisions of this Section 4.10, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its
directors, officers, shareholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent
role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls such Purchaser
(within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, shareholders,
agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles
notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”)
harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all
judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation that any such
Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants
or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents or (b) any action instituted against
the Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is
not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless
such action is solely based upon a material breach of such Purchaser Party’s representations, warranties or covenants under
the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may have with any such stockholder or any violations
by such Purchaser Party of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser Party which is finally judicially
determined to constitute fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct). If any action shall be brought against any Purchaser
Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party shall promptly notify the Company
in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable
to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate
in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except to the
extent that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed
after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable
opinion of counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser
Party, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel.
The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (y) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected
without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to the extent,
but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of
the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction
Documents. The indemnification required by this Section 4.10 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the
course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein
shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities
the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.


 






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4.11 Reservation
and Listing of Securities.


 


(a) The
Company shall maintain a reserve of the Required Minimum from its duly authorized shares of Common Stock for issuance pursuant
to the Transaction Documents in such amount as may then be required to fulfill its obligations in full under the Transaction Documents.


 


(b) If,
on any date, the number of authorized but unissued (and otherwise unreserved) shares of Common Stock is less than 130% of (i)
the Required Minimum on such date, minus (ii) the number of shares of Common Stock previously issued pursuant to the Transaction
Documents, then the Board of Directors shall use commercially reasonable efforts to amend the Company’s certificate or articles
of incorporation to increase the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to at least the Required Minimum at
such time (minus the number of shares of Common Stock previously issued pursuant to the Transaction Documents), as soon as possible
and in any event not later than the 75th day after such date, provided that the Company will not be required at any
time to authorize a number of shares of Common Stock greater than the maximum remaining number of shares of Common Stock that
could possibly be issued after such time pursuant to the Transaction Documents.


 


(c) The
Company shall, if applicable: (i) in the time and manner required by the principal Trading Market, prepare and file with such
Trading Market an additional shares listing application covering a number of shares of Common Stock at least equal to the Required
Minimum on the date of such application, (ii) take all steps necessary to cause such shares of Common Stock to be approved for
listing or quotation on such Trading Market as soon as possible thereafter, (iii) provide to the Purchasers evidence of such listing
or quotation and (iv) maintain the listing or quotation of such Common Stock on any date at least equal to the Required Minimum
on such date on such Trading Market or another Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock
for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation,
by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such
electronic transfer.


 






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4.12 Participation
in Future Financing.


 


(a) From
the date hereof until the date that is the eighteen (18) month anniversary of the Closing Date, upon any issuance, other than
an Exempt Issuance, by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents for cash consideration,
Indebtedness or a combination of units thereof (a “Subsequent Financing”), each Purchaser shall have the right
to participate in up to an amount of the Subsequent Financing equal to 50% of the Subsequent Financing (the “Participation
Maximum”) on the same terms, conditions and price provided for in the Subsequent Financing.


 


(b) Between
the time period of 4:00 pm (New York City time) and 6:00 pm (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately prior to the Trading
Day of the expected announcement of the Subsequent Financing (or, if the Trading Day of the expected announcement of the Subsequent
Financing is the first Trading Day following a holiday or a weekend (including a holiday weekend), between the time period of
4:00 pm (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately prior to such holiday or weekend and 2:00 pm (New York City time)
on the day immediately prior to the Trading Day of the expected announcement of the Subsequent Financing), the Company shall deliver
to each Purchaser a written notice of the Company’s intention to effect a Subsequent Financing (a “Subsequent Financing
Notice”), which notice shall describe in reasonable detail the proposed terms of such Subsequent Financing, the amount
of proceeds intended to be raised thereunder and the Person or Persons through or with whom such Subsequent Financing is proposed
to be effected and shall include a term sheet and transaction documents relating thereto as an attachment.


 


(c) Any
Purchaser desiring to participate in such Subsequent Financing must provide written notice to the Company by 6:30 am (New York
City time) on the Trading Day following the date on which the Subsequent Financing Notice is delivered to such Purchaser (the
“Notice Termination Time”) that such Purchaser is willing to participate in the Subsequent Financing, the amount
of such Purchaser’s participation, and representing and warranting that such Purchaser has such funds ready, willing, and
available for investment on the terms set forth in the Subsequent Financing Notice. If the Company receives no such notice from
a Purchaser as of such Notice Termination Time, such Purchaser shall be deemed to have notified the Company that it does not elect
to participate in such Subsequent Financing.


 


(d) If,
by the Notice Termination Time, notifications by the Purchasers of their willingness to participate in the Subsequent Financing
(or to cause their designees to participate) is, in the aggregate, less than the total amount of the Subsequent Financing, then
the Company may effect the remaining portion of such Subsequent Financing on the terms and with the Persons set forth in the Subsequent
Financing Notice.


 






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(e) If,
by the Notice Termination Time, the Company receives responses to a Subsequent Financing Notice from Purchasers seeking to purchase
more than the aggregate amount of the Participation Maximum, each such Purchaser shall have the right to purchase its Pro Rata
Portion (as defined below) of the Participation Maximum. “Pro Rata Portion” means the ratio of (x) the Subscription
Amount of Securities purchased on the Closing Date by a Purchaser participating under this Section 4.11 and (y) the sum of the
aggregate Subscription Amounts of Securities purchased on the Closing Date by all Purchasers participating under this Section
4.11.


 


(f) The
Company must provide the Purchasers with a second Subsequent Financing Notice, and the Purchasers will again have the right of
participation set forth above in this Section 4.11, if the definitive agreement related to the initial Subsequent Financing Notice
is not entered into for any reason on the terms set forth in such Subsequent Financing Notice within two (2) Trading Days after
the date of delivery of the initial Subsequent Financing Notice.


 


(g) The
Company and each Purchaser agree that, if any Purchaser elects to participate in the Subsequent Financing, the transaction documents
related to the Subsequent Financing shall not include any term or provision that, directly or indirectly, will, or is intended
to, exclude one or more of the Purchasers from participating in a Subsequent Financing, including, but not limited to, provisions
whereby such Purchaser shall be required to agree to any restrictions on trading as to any of the Securities purchased hereunder
or be required to consent to any amendment to or termination of, or grant any waiver, release or the like under or in connection
with, this Agreement, without the prior written consent of such Purchaser. In addition, the Company and each Purchaser agree that,
in connection with a Subsequent Financing, the transaction documents related to the Subsequent Financing shall include a requirement
for the Company to issue a widely disseminated press release by 9:30 am (New York City time) on the Trading Day of execution of
the transaction documents in such Subsequent Financing (or, if the date of execution is not a Trading Day, on the immediately
following Trading Day) that discloses the material terms of the transactions contemplated by the transaction documents in such
Subsequent Financing.


 


(h) Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary in this Section 4.11 and unless otherwise agreed to by such Purchaser, the Company shall either confirm
in writing to such Purchaser that the transaction with respect to the Subsequent Financing has been abandoned or shall publicly
disclose its intention to issue the securities in the Subsequent Financing, in either case in such a manner such that such Purchaser
will not be in possession of any material, non-public information, by 9:30 am (New York City time) on the second (2nd) Trading
Day following date of delivery of the Subsequent Financing Notice. If by 9:30 am (New York City time) on such second (2nd) Trading
Day, no public disclosure regarding a transaction with respect to the Subsequent Financing has been made, and no notice regarding
the abandonment of such transaction has been received by such Purchaser, such transaction shall be deemed to have been abandoned
and such Purchaser shall not be deemed to be in possession of any material, non-public information with respect to the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries. 


 






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(i)Notwithstanding
the foregoing, this Section 4.12 shall not apply in respect of an Exempt Issuance.


 


4.13 Subsequent
Equity Sales. 




 


(a) From
the date hereof until 120 days after the Effective Date, other than with respect of an Exempt Issuance, neither the Company nor
any Subsidiary shall issue, enter into any agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any shares of Common
Stock or Common Stock Equivalents. 


 


(b) From
the date hereof until 120 days after the Effective Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall file any registration statement,
or any amendment or supplements to any registration statement (other than solely to update a registration statement to incorporate
a Current Report on Form 8-K, a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or an Annual Report on Form 10-K). 


 


(c) From
the date hereof until such time as no Purchaser holds any of the Warrants, the Company shall be prohibited from effecting or entering
into an agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents
(or a combination of units thereof) involving a Variable Rate Transaction. “Variable Rate Transaction” means
a transaction in which the Company (i) issues or sells any debt or equity securities that are convertible into, exchangeable or
exercisable for, or include the right to receive, additional shares of Common Stock either (A) at a conversion price, exercise
price or exchange rate or other price that is based upon, and/or varies with, the trading prices of or quotations for the shares
of Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity securities or (B) with a conversion, exercise or
exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or
upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market
for the Common Stock or (ii) enters into, or effects a transaction under, any agreement, including, but not limited to, an equity
line of credit, whereby the Company may issue securities at a future determined price. Any Purchaser shall be entitled to obtain
injunctive relief against the Company to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect
damages.


 


(d) Notwithstanding
the foregoing, this Section 4.13 shall not apply in respect of an Exempt Issuance, except that no Variable Rate Transaction shall
be an Exempt Issuance.


 






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4.14 Equal
Treatment of Purchasers. No consideration (including any modification of any Transaction Document) shall be offered or paid
to any Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of the Transaction Documents unless the same consideration
is also offered to all of the parties to the Transaction Documents. For clarification purposes, this provision constitutes a separate
right granted to each Purchaser by the Company and negotiated separately by each Purchaser, and is intended for the Company to
treat the Purchasers as a class and shall not in any way be construed as the Purchasers acting in concert or as a group with respect
to the purchase, disposition or voting of Securities or otherwise.


 


4.15 Certain
Transactions and Confidentiality. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that neither
it, nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including
Short Sales, of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending
at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release
as described in Section 4.6. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that until such time
as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release
as described in Section 4.6, such Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and
the information included in the Disclosure Schedules. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and notwithstanding anything contained in
this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation,
warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time
that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described
in Section 4.6, (ii) no Purchaser shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company
in accordance with applicable securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are
first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.6 and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any
duty of confidentiality or duty not to trade in the securities of the Company to the Company or its Subsidiaries after the issuance
of the initial press release as described in Section 4.6. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a
multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets
and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other
portions of such Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets
managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement.


 


4.16 Form
D; Blue Sky Filings. The Company agrees to timely file a Form D with respect to the Securities as required under Regulation
D and to provide a copy thereof, promptly upon request of any Purchaser. The Company shall take such action as the Company shall
reasonably determine is necessary in order to obtain an exemption for, or to qualify the Securities for, sale to the Purchasers
at the Closing under applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of the states of the United States, and shall provide
evidence of such actions promptly upon request of any Purchaser.


 






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4.17 Capital
Changes. Until the one year anniversary of the Effective Date, the Company shall not undertake a reverse or forward stock
split or reclassification of the Common Stock without the prior written consent of the Purchasers holding a majority in interest
of the shares of Preferred Stock.


 


4.18 Lock-Up
Agreement. The Company shall not amend, modify, waive or terminate any provision of any of the Lock-Up Agreements except to
extend the term of the lock-up period and shall enforce the provisions of each such agreement in accordance with its terms. If
any officer, director or shareholder that is a party to a Lock-Up Agreement breaches any provision of a Lock-Up Agreement, the
Company shall promptly use its best efforts to seek specific performance of the terms of such Lock-Up Agreement.


 


ARTICLE
V.


MISCELLANEOUS


 


5.1 Termination.
This Agreement may be terminated by any Purchaser, as to such Purchaser’s obligations hereunder only and without any effect
whatsoever on the obligations between the Company and the other Purchasers, by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing
has not been consummated on or before the fifth (5th) Trading Day following the date hereof; provided, however,
that no such termination will affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).


 


5.2 Fees
and Expenses. At the Closing, the Company has agreed to reimburse Sabby Management, LLC (“Sabby”) the non-accountable
sum of $20,000 for its legal fees and expenses. Except as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each
party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses
incurred by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company
shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction
letter delivered by the Company and any conversion or exercise notice delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and
duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchasers.


 


5.3 Entire
Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of
the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral
or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.


 


5.4 Notices.
Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and
shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered
via facsimile at the facsimile number or email attachment at the e-mail address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto
at or prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the time of transmission, if such
notice or communication is delivered via facsimile or email attachment at the facsimile number or e-mail address as set forth
on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any
Trading Day, (c) the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized
overnight courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for
such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto. To the extent that any notice provided
pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of
the Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K.


 






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5.5 Amendments;
Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed,
in the case of an amendment, by the Company and Purchasers which purchased at least 50.1% in interest of the Preferred Stock based
on the initial Subscription Amounts hereunder or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived
provision is sought, provided that if any amendment, modification or waiver disproportionately and adversely impacts a Purchaser
(or group of Purchasers), the consent of such disproportionately impacted Purchaser (or group of Purchasers) shall also be required.
No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing
waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof,
nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right.
Any proposed amendment or waiver that disproportionately, materially and adversely affects the rights and obligations of any Purchaser
relative to the comparable rights and obligations of the other Purchasers shall require the prior written consent of such adversely
affected Purchaser. Any amendment effected in accordance with this Section 5.5 shall be binding upon each Purchaser and holder
of Securities and the Company.


 


5.6 Headings.
The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect
any of the provisions hereof.


 


5.7 Successors
and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted
assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of
each Purchaser (other than by merger). Any Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to
whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect
to the transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the “Purchasers.”


 


5.8 No
Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors
and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as
otherwise set forth in Section 4.10 and this Section 5.8.


 


5.9 Governing
Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall
be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the
principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement
and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a
party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be
commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to
the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication
of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including
with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert
in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such Action
or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service
of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified
mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement
and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein
shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence
an Action or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company
under Section 4.10, the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its
reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of
such Action or Proceeding.


 






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5.10 Survival.
The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.


 


5.11 Execution.
This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same
agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being
understood that the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission
or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf” format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of
the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf”
signature page were an original thereof.


 


5.12 Severability.
If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid,
illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain
in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially
reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated
by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that
they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be
hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.


 






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5.13 Rescission
and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of)
any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction
Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then such Purchaser
may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand
or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that, in
the case of a rescission of a conversion of the Preferred Stock or exercise of a Warrant, the applicable Purchaser shall be required
to return any shares of Common Stock subject to any such rescinded conversion or exercise notice concurrently with the return
to such Purchaser of the aggregate exercise price paid to the Company for such shares and the restoration of such Purchaser’s
right to acquire such shares pursuant to such Purchaser’s Warrant (including, issuance of a replacement warrant certificate
evidencing such restored right).


 


5.14 Replacement
of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company
shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation),
or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory
to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction. The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances
shall also pay any reasonable third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement
Securities.


 


5.15 Remedies.
In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of
the Purchasers and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that
monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the
Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation
the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.


 


5.16 Payment
Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document
or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or
exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from,
disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person
under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action),
then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived
and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.


 






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5.17 Usury.
To the extent it may lawfully do so, the Company hereby agrees not to insist upon or plead or in any manner whatsoever claim,
and will resist any and all efforts to be compelled to take the benefit or advantage of, usury laws wherever enacted, now or at
any time hereafter in force, in connection with any Action or Proceeding that may be brought by any Purchaser in order to enforce
any right or remedy under any Transaction Document. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in any Transaction
Document, it is expressly agreed and provided that the total liability of the Company under the Transaction Documents for payments
in the nature of interest shall not exceed the maximum lawful rate authorized under applicable law (the “Maximum Rate”),
and, without limiting the foregoing, in no event shall any rate of interest or default interest, or both of them, when aggregated
with any other sums in the nature of interest that the Company may be obligated to pay under the Transaction Documents exceed
such Maximum Rate. It is agreed that if the maximum contract rate of interest allowed by law and applicable to the Transaction
Documents is increased or decreased by statute or any official governmental action subsequent to the date hereof, the new maximum
contract rate of interest allowed by law will be the Maximum Rate applicable to the Transaction Documents from the effective date
thereof forward, unless such application is precluded by applicable law. If under any circumstances whatsoever, interest in excess
of the Maximum Rate is paid by the Company to any Purchaser with respect to indebtedness evidenced by the Transaction Documents,
such excess shall be applied by such Purchaser to the unpaid principal balance of any such indebtedness or be refunded to the
Company, the manner of handling such excess to be at such Purchaser’s election.


 


5.18 Independent
Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several
and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance
or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any
other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the
Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers
are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction
Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights, including, without limitation, the
rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser
to be joined as an additional party in any Proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate
legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. For reasons of administrative convenience only, each
Purchaser and its respective counsel have chosen to communicate with the Company through EGS. EGS does not represent any of the
Purchasers, other than Sabby. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents
for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly
understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company
and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers.


 


5.19 Liquidated
Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction
Documents is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other
amounts have been paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages
or other amounts are due and payable shall have been canceled.


 






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5.20Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc.If the
last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business
Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day.


 


5.21 Construction.
The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction
Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting
party shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and
every reference to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse
and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after
the date of this Agreement.


 


5.22 WAIVER
OF JURY TRIAL. IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY, THE PARTIES
EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY
AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY. 


 


(Signature
Pages Follow)


 






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IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized
signatories as of the date first indicated above.


 


	ECOARK
                                         HOLDINGS, INC.

         

         
	Address
                                         for Notice:

         

         

	By:__________________________________________

        

        Name: 

        Title:

         

        With
        a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):
	Email: 

        Fax:

         

         



 


 


[REMAINDER
OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK


SIGNATURE
PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]


 









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[PURCHASER
SIGNATURE PAGES TO ZEST SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT]


 


IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized
signatories as of the date first indicated above.


 


Name
of Purchaser: ____________________________________________________


 


Signature
of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser: __________________________


 


Name
of Authorized Signatory: ____________________________________


 


Title
of Authorized Signatory: _____________________________________


 


Email
Address of Authorized Signatory: ___________________________________________


 


Facsimile
Number of Authorized Signatory: _________________________________________


 


Address
for Notice to Purchaser:


 


 


 


Address
for Delivery of Securities to Purchaser (if not same as address for notice):


 


 


 


Subscription
Amount: $____________


 


Shares
of Preferred Stock: ____________


 


Warrant
Shares: ________________


 


EIN
Number: _______________________


 


[SIGNATURE
PAGES CONTINUE]


 


 


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