ex_154201.htm


 


Exhibit 10.2


 


 





 


SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT


 


This Securities Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is effective as of August 8, 2019, between NovaBay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors and assigns, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”).


 


WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Rule 506 promulgated thereunder, the Company desires to issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement.


 


NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agree as follows:


 


ARTICLE I.

DEFINITIONS


 


1.1     Definitions. In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1:


 


“Action” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(j).


 


“Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.


 


“Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.


 


“Business Day” means any day except any Saturday, any Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the United States or any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or required by law or other governmental action to close.


 


“Certificate of Designation” means the Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations to be filed with the State of Delaware.


 


“Closing” means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.1.


 


“Closing Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchasers’ obligations to pay the Subscription Amount set forth in Schedule I hereto and (ii) the Company’s obligations to deliver the Shares and Warrants set forth in Schedule I hereto, in each case, have been satisfied or waived.


 



 




 




 


“Commission” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.


 


“Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.01 per share, and any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.


 


“Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.


 


“Common Stock Offering” means the offering of Common Stock and warrants to certain U.S. investors pursuant to that certain securities purchase agreement of even date herewith for gross proceeds of $4,198,566.


 


“Company Counsel” means Squire Patton Boggs (US) LLP, with offices located at 2550 M St., NW, Washington, DC 20037.


 


“Conversion Price” equals $1.00, subject to adjustments as provided in the Certificate of Designation.


 


 “Conversion Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon the automatic conversion of the Preferred Stock after Stockholder Approval pursuant to the Certificate of Designation.


 


“Disclosure Schedules” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1.


 


“Effective Date” means the earliest of the date that (a) all of the Securities have been sold pursuant to Rule 144 or may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions, or (b) following the one year anniversary of the Closing Date provided that a holder of Securities is not an Affiliate of the Company, all of the Securities may be sold pursuant to an exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(1) of the Securities Act without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions and Company counsel has delivered to such holders a standing written unqualified opinion that resales may then be made by such holders of the Securities pursuant to such exemption which opinion shall be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to such holders.


 


“Evaluation Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(s).


 


“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.


 


“FCPA” means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.


 



 




 




 


“FDA” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(jj).


 


“FDCA” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(jj).


 


“Fully Diluted Basis” means, as of any date of determination: (a) with respect to all capital stock of the Company, all issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company and all capital stock of the Company issuable upon the exercise or conversion of any outstanding Common Stock Equivalents as of such date, whether or not such Common Stock Equivalent is at the time exercisable or convertible; or (b) with respect to any specified type, class or series of capital stock of the Company, all issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company designated as such type, class or series and all such designated shares of capital stock of the Company issuable upon the conversion or exercise of any outstanding Common Stock Equivalents as of such date, whether or not such Common Stock Equivalent is at the time exercisable or convertible.


 


“GAAP” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).


 


“Indebtedness” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(bb).


 


“Intellectual Property Rights” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(p).


 


“Legend Removal Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.1(c).


 


“Liens” means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right, or other restriction.


 


“Material Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1(b).


 


“Material Permits” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(n).


 


“Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.


 


“Pharmaceutical Product” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(jj).


 


“Placement Agent” means China Kington Asset Management Co. Ltd.


 


“Preferred Stock” means the Series A convertible preferred stock of the Company, par value $0.01 per share, pursuant to the Certificate of Designation.


 


“Proceeding” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.


 


“Required Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(e).


 



 




 




 


“Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.


 


“Rule 424” means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.


 


“SEC Filings” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).


 


“SEC Reports” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).


 


“Securities” means the Shares, the Conversion Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares.


 


“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.


 


“Shares” means the shares of Preferred Stock issued or issuable to each Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement.


 


“Short Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock). 


 


“Subscription Amount” means, as to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for Shares and Warrants purchased hereunder as specified below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount” in Schedule I in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.


 


1.          “Stockholder Approval” means such approval as required by the applicable rules and regulations of the NYSE American market (or any successor entity) from the shareholders of the Corporation with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the conversion of the Preferred Stock and issuance of the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares with such Stockholder Approval to be sought within sixty (60) days of the Closing Date.


  


“Trading Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.


 


“Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock Exchange or the OTC Bulletin Board (or any successors to any of the foregoing).


 


“Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, the Warrants, the Certificate of Designation, all exhibits and schedules thereto and hereto and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.


 



 




 




 


“Transfer Agent” means Computershare Shareholder Services, Inc., located in Providence, Rhode Island, Providence County, as the transfer agent and registrar of the Company in the United States, and Computershare Investor Services, Inc., located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, as the co-transfer agent and registrar of the Company, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.


 


 “Warrants” means the Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof. Warrants shall be exercisable upon Stockholder Approval and have a term of exercise equal to five and a half (5.5) years from the date of issuance, in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.


 


 “Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants.     


 


ARTICLE II.

PURCHASE AND SALE


 


2.1     Closing. On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, the Company agrees to sell, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase, such number of Shares and Warrants set forth opposite such Purchaser’s name on Schedule I hereto. Each Purchaser shall deliver to the Company, via wire transfer, immediately available funds equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount as set forth on the signature page hereto executed by such Purchaser, and the Company shall deliver to each Purchaser its respective Shares and a Warrant, as determined pursuant to Section 2.2(a), and the Company and each Purchaser shall deliver the other items set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at the Closing. Delivery to the Placement Agent of any item(s) required to be delivered to each Purchaser under this Agreement shall be sufficient to constitute delivery to all Purchasers. Upon satisfaction of the covenants and conditions set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3, the Closing shall occur at a location as the parties shall mutually agree.


 


2.2     Closing Deliveries.


 


(a)     On or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following:


 


(i)      this Agreement duly executed by the Company;


 


(ii)     a legal opinion of Company Counsel that the Shares, Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares, when sold and issued in accordance with this Agreement (and in accordance with the Certificate of Designation in the case of the Shares and Conversion Shares and in accordance with the Warrants in the case of the Warrant Shares), will be validly issued, fully paid, and nonassessable;


 


(iii)   a copy of the irrevocable instructions to the Transfer Agent instructing the Transfer Agent to deliver, on an expedited basis, a number of Shares, which shall be in either certificated or book-entry form, equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount set forth in Schedule I hereto divided by the Conversion Price, registered in the name of such Purchaser;


 



 




 




 


(iv)    a Warrant registered in the name of such Purchaser to purchase up to a number shares of Common Stock equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the amount of such Purchaser’s Conversion Shares set forth in Schedule I hereto, with an exercise price equal to $1.15 (such Warrants may be delivered within three Trading Days of the Closing Date).


 


(v)     a compliance certificate, executed by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, dated as of the Closing Date, to the effect that the conditions specified in subsections (i), (ii), and (iv) of Section 2.3(b) have been satisfied;


 


(vi)    a certificate of the Company’s Secretary certifying as to (A) the Company’s certificate of incorporation (including the Certificate of Designation) and bylaws, (B) the resolutions of the Board of Directors approving this Agreement, the Certificate of Designation and the transactions contemplated hereby, and (C) good standing certificates with respect to the Company from the applicable authority(ies) in Delaware and any other jurisdiction in which the Company is qualified to do business, dated a recent date before the Closing; and


 


(vii)    such other information, certificates and documents as the Purchasers may reasonably request.


 


(b)     On or prior to the Closing Date, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following:


 


(i)     this Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser; and


 


(ii)     such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount, as set forth in Schedule I hereto, by wire transfer to the account specified in this Agreement.


  


2.3     Closing Conditions.


 


(a)     The obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:


 


(i)     the accuracy in all material respects on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate in all material respects as of such date);


 


(ii)     all obligations, covenants and agreements of each Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed in all material respects;


 


(iii)     the delivery by each Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement; and


 


(iv)     no temporary restraining order, preliminary or permanent injunction or other order or decree, and no other legal restraint or prohibition, shall exist which questions the validity of this Agreement or the right of the Company or any Purchaser, as the case may be, to enter into this Agreement or prevents or could reasonably be expected to prevent the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, nor shall any litigation or court or administrative proceeding have been commenced or threatened with respect to the foregoing.


 



 




 




 


(b)     The respective obligations of the Purchasers hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:


 


(i)     the accuracy in all material respects when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein);


 


(ii)     all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;


 


(iii)     the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement;


 


(iv)     there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof;


 


(iv)     the Company shall have filed the Certificate of Designation in the State of Delaware; and


 


(v)     from the date hereof to the Closing Date, trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission or the Company’s principal Trading Market (without the ability of the Company to list on another exchange or quotation system), and, at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg L.P. shall not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on securities whose trades are reported by such service, or on any Trading Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States or New York State authorities nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity of such magnitude in its effect on the Company that results in a Material Adverse Effect.


  


ARTICLE III.

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES


 


3.1     Representations and Warranties of the Company. Except as set forth in the disclosure schedules separately delivered to the Purchasers concurrently herewith (“Disclosure Schedules”) or otherwise disclosed in the SEC Filings, which Disclosure Schedules and SEC Filings shall qualify any representation or warranty otherwise made herein to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding section of the Disclosure Schedules, the Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser:


 


(a)     Subsidiaries. The Company has no direct or indirect subsidiaries.


 



 




 




 


(b)    Organization and Qualification. The Company is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted and described in the SEC Filings. The Company is not in violation or default of any of the provisions of its certificate of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. The Company is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”; provided, however, that changes in the trading price of the Common Stock shall not, in and of itself, constitute a Material Adverse Effect) and no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.


 


(c)     Authorization; Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of each of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection herewith or therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals. This Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.


 


(d)    No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and will not: (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s certificate of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to receipt of the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.


 



 




 




 


(e)     Filings, Consents and Approvals. The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i) the filings required pursuant to Section 4.4 of this Agreement, (ii) the notice and/or application(s) to each applicable Trading Market for the issuance and sale of the Securities and the listing of the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby, and (iii) the filing of Form D with the Commission and such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (collectively, the “Required Approvals”).


 


(f)     Issuance of the Securities. The Shares and Warrants are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens other than restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents. The Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares, when issued in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens other than restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents. The Company has reserved from its duly authorized capital stock the maximum number of shares of preferred stock issuable pursuant to this Agreement and the maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the conversion of the Shares and the Warrants.


 


(g)     Capitalization. The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 50,000,000 shares of Common Stock, of which 21,003,284 shares are outstanding as of August 5, 2019 (prior to the issuance of the Securities and the securities to be issued in the Common Stock Offering) and 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, none of which are outstanding as of the date hereof, including the number of shares of Common Stock owned beneficially, and of record, by Affiliates of the Company as disclosed in the Company’s most recent SEC Reports and such beneficial ownership has not materially changed since the date of such SEC Reports. The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options under the Company’s stock option plans, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans, the conversion and/or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act and the securities to be issued concurrently with this transaction in the Common Stock Offering. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except (i) for options to purchase Common Stock or other equity awards (including restricted stock units) issued to employees and members of the Company’s Board of Directors pursuant to the equity compensation plans or arrangements disclosed in the SEC Reports, (ii) for securities exercisable for, or convertible into or exchangeable for any shares of capital stock of the Company disclosed in the SEC Reports, and (iii) as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities and the securities to be issued in the Common Stock Offering (including certain warrants issued to the placement agent of the Common Stock Offering as compensation), there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire any shares of Common Stock, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents. The issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers). All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.


 



 




 




 


(h)     SEC Filings; Financial Statements. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material) (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC Reports”) on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension, except for those filings made pursuant to Section 16 of the Exchange Act. As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Each registration statement and any amendment thereto filed by the Company pursuant to the Securities Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, as of the date such statement or amendment became effective, complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and did not, when filed, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, as of its issue date and as of the closing of any sale of securities pursuant thereto, did not, when filed, contain any untrue statements of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (the registration statements, amendments and prospectuses referred to in this sentence, together with the SEC Reports, the “SEC Filings”). The Company has never been an issuer subject to Rule 144(i) under the Securities Act. The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Filings comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments.


 



 




 




 


(i)     Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Filings: (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company stock option plans. The Company does not have pending before the Commission any request for confidential treatment of information. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement and the issuance of securities to be issued in the Common Stock Offering (including certain warrants issued to the placement agent of the Common Stock Offering as compensation), no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists, or is reasonably expected to occur or exist, with respect to the Company or its businesses, properties, operations, assets or financial condition, that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws if the Company were publicly offering securities pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least one Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.


  


(j)     Litigation. Except as described in the SEC Filings or in Schedule 3.1(j), there is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, or any of its properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.


 



 




 




 


(k)     Labor Relations. Except as disclosed in the SEC Filings, no labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company, and the Company is not a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company believes that its relationships with its employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company is in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.


  


(l)     Compliance. The Company is not: (i) in material default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a material default by the Company), and the Company has not received notice of a claim that it is in material default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such material default or violation has been waived), (ii) in violation of any judgment, decree, or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) except as disclosed in the SEC Filings, in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.


 


(m)    Environmental Matters. The Company is in compliance with all foreign, federal, state and local rules, laws and regulations relating to the use, treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous or toxic substances or waste and protection of health and safety or the environment which are applicable to its business. To the Company’s knowledge, there has been no storage, generation, transportation, handling, treatment, disposal, discharge, emission, or other release of any kind of toxic or other wastes or other hazardous substances by, due to, or caused by the Company (or, to the Company’s knowledge, any other entity for whose acts or omissions the Company is or may be liable) upon any of the property now or previously owned or leased by the Company, or upon any other property, in violation of any statute or any ordinance, rule, regulation, order, judgment, decree or permit or which would, under any statute or any ordinance, rule (including rule of common law), regulation, order, judgment, decree or permit, give rise to any liability. There has been no disposal, discharge, emission or other release of any kind onto such property or into the environment surrounding such property of any toxic or other wastes or other hazardous substances with respect to which the Company has knowledge.


 



 




 




 


(n)     Regulatory Permits. The Company possesses all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct its business as described in the SEC Filings, except where the failure to possess such permits could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material Permits”), and the Company has not received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any Material Permit.


 


(o)     Title to Assets. The Company has good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by it and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by it that is material to the business of the Company, in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for (i) Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and (ii) Liens for the payment of federal, state or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made therefor in accordance with GAAP and the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company is in compliance.


 


(p)     Intellectual Property. The Company has rights to use all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications, service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property rights and similar rights as described in the SEC Filings as necessary or required for use in connection with its business and which the failure to so have could have a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the “Intellectual Property Rights”). The Company has not received a notice (written or otherwise) that any of the Intellectual Property Rights have expired, terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be abandoned, within two (2) years from the date of this Agreement. The Company has not received, since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Filings, a written notice of a claim or otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual Property Rights violate or infringe upon the rights of any Person, except as could not have or reasonably be expected not to have a Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company has taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of its intellectual properties, except where the failure to do so could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.


 


(q)     Insurance. The Company is insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company is engaged, including, but not limited to, directors and officers insurance coverage at least equal to the aggregate Subscription Amount. The Company has no reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.


 


(r)     Transactions With Affiliates and Employees. Except as set forth in the SEC Filings, none of the officers or directors of the Company and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company is presently a party to any transaction with the Company (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for: (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company, (iii) other employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company, and (iv) purchases pursuant to this Agreement.


 



 




 




 


(s)     Sarbanes-Oxley; Internal Accounting Controls. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, the Company is in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company has established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company.


 


(t)     Certain Fees. No brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, except as set forth in Disclosure Schedule 3.1(t). The Purchasers shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims (other than such fees or commissions owed by a Purchaser pursuant to agreements entered into by such Purchaser, which fees or commission shall be the sole responsibility of such Purchaser) made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents due to an arrangement or agreement made by the Company.


 


(u)     Private Placement. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, no registration under the Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Securities by the Company to the Purchasers as contemplated hereby. The issuance and sale of the Securities does not contravene the rules and regulations of the Trading Market.


 



 




 




 


(v)     Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.


 


(w)    Registration Rights. Prior to the date of this Agreement, no Person has any right to cause the Company to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company, other than such right pursuant to which a registration statement has been filed by the Company with the Commission.


 


(x)     Listing and Maintenance Requirements. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration. Except as set forth in the SEC Filings, the Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. Except as set forth in the SEC Filings, the Company is, and has no reason to believe that it will not upon issuance of the Securities be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements. The Common Stock is currently eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation and the Company is current in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust Company (or such other established clearing corporation) in connection with such electronic transfer. The issuance of the Securities hereunder does not contravene the rules of the Trading Market.


 


(y)     Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchasers’ ownership of the Securities.


 



 




 




 


(z)     Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf, has provided any of the Purchasers or their agents or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchasers will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. Each of the representations and warranties made by the Company herein and all of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchasers regarding the Company, its businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement and any other Transaction Document or other instrument or certificate to be furnished to the Purchasers hereunder, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the twelve months preceding the date of this Agreement taken as a whole do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 3.2 hereof.


 


(aa)     No Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of the Securities Act which would require the registration of any such securities under the Securities Act.


 


(bb)     Solvency. Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder: (i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets exceeds the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date. Disclosure Schedule 3.1(bb) sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company, or for which the Company has commitments. For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $50,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $50,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. The Company is not in default with respect to any Indebtedness.


 



 




 




 


(cc)     Tax Status. Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, the Company (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local income and all foreign income and franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all material taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company know of no basis for any such claim.


 


(dd)     No General Solicitation. Neither the Company nor any person acting on behalf of the Company has offered or sold any of the Securities by any form of general solicitation or general advertising. The Company has offered the Securities for sale only to the Purchasers and certain other “accredited investors” within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act.


 


(ee)     Foreign Corrupt Practices. The Company, to the knowledge of the Company or any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company, has not: (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of FCPA.


 


(ff)     Accountants. The Company’s accounting firm is OUM & Co., LLP. To the knowledge and belief of the Company, such accounting firm: (i) is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act and (ii) shall express its opinion with respect to the financial statements to be included in the Company’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019.


 


(gg)    No Disagreements with Accountants and Lawyers.     There are no disagreements of any kind presently existing, or reasonably anticipated by the Company to arise, between the Company and the accountants and lawyers formerly or presently employed by the Company, and the Company is current with respect to any fees owed to its accountants and lawyers which could affect the Company’s ability to perform any of its obligations under any of the Transaction Documents.      


 


(hh)      Acknowledgment Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Purchasers is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to each Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives. 


 



 




 




 


(ii)     Regulation M Compliance.  The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Placement Agent in connection with the placement of the Securities issued to the Purchasers and compensation paid to the Company’s separate placement agent in connection with the Common Stock Offering.


 


(jj)     FDA. As to each product subject to the jurisdiction of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended, and the regulations thereunder (“FDCA”) that is manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, sold, and/or marketed by the Company (each such product, a “Pharmaceutical Product”), such Pharmaceutical Product is being manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, sold and/or marketed by the Company in compliance with all applicable requirements under FDCA and similar laws, rules and regulations relating to registration, investigational use, premarket clearance, licensure, or application approval, good manufacturing practices, good laboratory practices, good clinical practices, product listing, quotas, labeling, advertising, record keeping and filing of reports, except where the failure to be in compliance would not have a Material Adverse Effect. There is no pending, contemplated or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened, action (including any lawsuit, arbitration, or legal or administrative or regulatory proceeding, charge, complaint, or investigation) against the Company, and the Company has not received any notice, warning letter or other communication from the FDA or any other governmental entity including any Form 483 or notice of adverse finding, which (i) contests the premarket clearance, licensure, registration, or approval of, the uses of, the distribution of, the manufacturing or packaging of, the testing of, the sale of, or the labeling and promotion of any Pharmaceutical Product, (ii) withdraws its approval of, requests the recall, suspension, or seizure of, or withdraws or orders the withdrawal of advertising or sales promotional materials relating to, any Pharmaceutical Product, (iii) imposes a clinical hold on any clinical investigation by the Company, (iv) enjoins production at any facility of the Company, (v) enters or proposes to enter into a consent decree of permanent injunction with the Company, or (vi) otherwise alleges any violation of any laws, rules or regulations by the Company, and which, either individually or in the aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect. The properties, business and operations of the Company have been and are being conducted in all material respects in accordance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations of the FDA.  The Company has not been informed by the FDA that the FDA will prohibit the marketing, sale, license or use in the United States of any product proposed to be developed, produced or marketed by the Company nor has the FDA expressed any concern as to approving or clearing for marketing any product being developed or proposed to be developed by the Company. The preclinical tests and clinical trials conducted by the Company, and to the knowledge of the Company the clinical trials conducted by third parties, in each case described in, or the results of which are referred to in, the SEC Filings were and, if still pending, are being conducted in all material respects in accordance with protocols and procedures filed with the appropriate regulatory authorities for each such trial; each description of the results of such preclinical tests and clinical trials contained in the SEC Filings is accurate and complete in all material respects and fairly presents the data derived from such preclinical tests and clinical trials, and the Company has no knowledge of any other studies or tests the results of which are inconsistent with, or otherwise call into question, the results described or referred to in the SEC Filings.


 



 




 




 


(kk)     Stock Option Plans. Each stock option granted by the Company under the Company’s stock option plan was granted (i) in accordance with the terms of the Company’s stock option plan and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted under the Company’s stock option plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no Company policy or practice to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of stock options with, the release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its financial results or prospects.


 


(ll)      Office of Foreign Assets Control. To the Company's knowledge, no director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).


 


(mm)    U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s request.


 


(nn)     Bank Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.


 


(oo)     Money Laundering. The operations of the Company are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.


 



 




 




 


(pp)    No Disqualification Events.  With respect to the Securities to be offered and sold hereunder in reliance on Rule 506 under the Securities Act, none of the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering hereunder, any beneficial owner of twenty percent (20%) or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale (each, an "Issuer Covered Person" and, together, "Issuer Covered Persons") is subject to any of the "Bad Actor" disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a "Disqualification Event"), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company has complied, to the extent applicable, with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e), and has furnished to the Purchasers a copy of any disclosures provided thereunder.


 


(qq)    Other Covered Persons. Other than the Placement Agent, the Company is not aware of any person (other than any Issuer Covered Person) that has been or will be paid (directly or indirectly) remuneration for solicitation of purchasers in connection with the sale of any Regulation D Securities.


 


(rr)      Notice of Disqualification Events. The Company will notify the Purchasers and the Placement Agent in writing, prior to the Closing Date of (i) any Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person and (ii) any event that would, with the passage of time, become a Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person.


 


3.2     Representations and Warranties of the Purchasers. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein):


 


(a)     Authority. Each Purchaser is an individual with the capacity and power to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and otherwise carry out the obligations hereunder and thereunder. Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.


 


(b)     Own Account. Such Purchaser understands that the Securities are “restricted securities” and have not been registered under the Securities Act or any applicable state or foreign securities law and is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state or foreign securities law, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state or foreign securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state or foreign securities law or otherwise in compliance with applicable federal, state and foreign securities laws. Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business.


 



 




 




 


(c)     Purchaser Status. At the time such Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, and on each date on which it exercises any Warrants, it will be either: (i) an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(7) or (a)(8) under the Securities Act or (ii) a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A(a) under the Securities Act.


 


(d)     Experience of Such Purchaser. Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.


 


(e)     General Solicitation. Such Purchaser is not purchasing the Securities as a result of any advertisement, article, notice or other communication regarding the Securities published in any newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast over television or radio or presented at any seminar or any other general solicitation or general advertisement.


 


(f)     Access to Information. Such Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including all exhibits and schedules thereto) and the SEC Filings and has been afforded (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment.  Such Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate of the Placement Agent has provided such Purchaser with any information or advice with respect to the Securities nor is such information or advice necessary or desired.  Neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate has made or makes any representation as to the Company or the quality of the Securities and the Placement Agent and any Affiliate may have acquired non-public information with respect to the Company which such Purchaser agrees need not be provided to it.  In connection with the issuance of the Securities to such Purchaser, neither the Placement Agent nor any of its Affiliates has acted as a financial advisor or fiduciary to such Purchaser.


 


(g)     Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, such Purchaser has not directly or indirectly, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser, executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that such Purchaser first received a term sheet or oral description from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement, such Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to the identification of the availability of, or securing of, available shares to borrow in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.


 



 




 




 


 (h)     Filings, Consents and Approvals. The Purchasers are not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the executions, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents.


 


The Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in Section 3.2 shall not modify, amend or affect such Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby.


 


ARTICLE IV.

OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES


 


4.1     Transfer Restrictions.


 


(a)     The Securities may only be disposed of in compliance with state and federal securities laws. In connection with any transfer of Securities other than pursuant to an effective registration statement or Rule 144, to the Company or to an Affiliate of a Purchaser or in connection with a pledge to an accredited investor as contemplated in Section 4.1(b), the Company may require the transferor thereof to provide to the Company an opinion of counsel selected by the transferor and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the form and substance of which opinion shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that such transfer does not require registration of such transferred Securities under the Securities Act. In connection with any transfer of Securities pursuant to Rule 144 or other applicable exemption, the Company may require the transferor thereof to provide the Company with written representations providing reasonable assurance that the proposed transfer complies with the requirements of Rule 144 or other applicable exemption. As a condition of transfer, any such transferee shall (i) agree in writing to be bound by the terms of this Agreement, and (ii) if the transfer is not made (A) in accordance with Rule 144, (B) pursuant to an effective registration statement or (C) in a transfer not involving a change in beneficial ownership, make the representations set forth in Sections 3.2(b) and (c). If such conditions are satisfied, such transferee shall have the rights and obligations of a Purchaser under this Agreement.


 



 




 




 


(b)     The Purchasers agree to the imprinting or making, so long as is required by this Section 4.1, of a legend or electronic notation on any of the Securities in the following form:


 


THIS SECURITY HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY, OR, IN THE CASE OF AN OFFER OR SALE PURSUANT TO RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, AS EVIDENCED BY WRITTEN REPRESENTATIONS PROVIDED BY THE TRANSFEROR, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY, OF COMPLIANCE WITH SUCH RULE. THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT WITH A REGISTERED BROKER-DEALER OR OTHER LOAN WITH A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION THAT IS AN “ACCREDITED INVESTOR” AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.


 


The Company acknowledges and agrees that a Purchaser may from time to time pledge pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement with a registered broker-dealer or grant a security interest in some or all of the Securities to a financial institution that is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and who agrees to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement and, if required under the terms of such arrangement, such Purchaser may transfer pledged or secured Securities to the pledgees or secured parties. Such a pledge or transfer would not be subject to approval of the Company and no legal opinion of legal counsel of the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required in connection therewith. Further, no notice shall be required of such pledge. At the appropriate Purchaser’s expense, the Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation as a pledgee or secured party of Securities may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Securities.


 


(c)     After Stockholder Approval, the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares, upon conversion of the Preferred Stock and exercise of the Warrants, respectively, shall not contain any legend or electronic notation (including the legend or electronic notation set forth in Section 4.1(b) hereof), (i) following any sale of such Conversion Shares or Warrant Shares pursuant to Rule 144, (ii) if such Conversion Shares or Warrant Shares are eligible for sale under Rule 144, without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions, or (iii) if such legend or electronic notation is not otherwise required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the Commission). Upon request by any Purchaser, following such time as a legend or electronic notation is no longer required under this Section 4.1(c), the Company shall cause its counsel to issue an instruction letter to the Transfer Agent promptly after the Effective Date if required by the Transfer Agent to effect the removal of the legend or electronic notation hereunder. The Company agrees that at such time as such legend or electronic notation is no longer required under this Section 4.1(c), it will, no later than three Trading Days following the written request by a Purchaser to the Company to remove such restrictive legend or electronic notation from such Conversion Shares or Warrant Shares (which may be held in book-entry form only and not represented by a certificate at the time of such request) (such third Trading Day, the “Legend Removal Date”), deliver or cause to be delivered to such Purchaser Conversion Shares or Warrant Shares (as applicable) that are free from all restrictive and other legends or electronic notations by causing the Transfer Agent to credit the account of the Purchaser’s prime broker with the Depository Trust Company System as directed by such Purchaser. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to the Transfer Agent that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 4.  


 



 




 




 


(d)     Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchaser, agrees with the Company that such Purchaser will sell any Securities pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, and acknowledges that the removal of the restrictive legend or electronic notation from Securities as set forth in this Section 4.1 is predicated upon the Company’s reliance upon this understanding.


 


4.2     [Reserved.]


  


4.3     Integration. The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2 of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities in a manner that would require the registration under the Securities Act of the sale of the Securities or that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require stockholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless stockholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.


 


4.4     Securities Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall file a Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Transaction Documents as exhibits thereto, with the Commission within the time required by the Exchange Act. From and after the filing of such Current Report on Form 8-K, the Company represents to the Purchasers that it shall have publicly disclosed all material, non-public information delivered to any of the Purchasers by the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.


 


4.5     [Reserved.]


 


4.6     Non-Public Information. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor any other Person acting on its behalf, will provide any Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that the Company believes constitutes material non-public information, unless prior thereto such Purchaser shall have entered into a written agreement with the Company regarding the confidentiality and use of such information. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.


 


4.7     Use of Proceeds. The Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder for working capital purposes and for the acquisition of, or investment in, businesses that complement the Company’s business, and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or (b) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations.


 



 




 




 


4.8     Indemnification of Purchasers. Subject to the provisions of this Section 4.8, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation that any such Purchaser may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents or (b) any action instituted against a Purchaser in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is based upon a breach of such Purchaser’s representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser may have with any such stockholder or any violations by such Purchaser of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser which constitutes fraud, gross negligence, willful misconduct or malfeasance). If any action shall be brought against any Purchaser in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser. Any Purchaser shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser except to the extent that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel. The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser under this Agreement (y) for any settlement by a Purchaser effected without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser’s breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by such Purchaser in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents. The indemnification required by this Section 4.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar right of any Purchaser against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.


 


4.9     Reservation of Common Stock. As of the date hereof, the Company has reserved and the Company shall continue to reserve and keep available at all times, free of preemptive rights, a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of enabling the Company to issue Conversion Shares pursuant to the conversion of the Preferred Stock and Warrant Shares pursuant to any exercise of the Warrants.


 


4.10     Listing of Common Stock. To the extent required by the Trading Market and subject to the Company’s compliance plan with the NYSE American, the Company hereby agrees (i) to use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain the listing or quotation of the Common Stock on the Trading Market on which it is currently listed, and (ii) apply to list or quote all of the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares on such Trading Market and promptly secure the listing of all of the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares on such Trading Market. The Company further agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any other Trading Market, it will then, to the extent required by the Trading Market, include in such application all of the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible. To the extent applicable, the Company will then take all action reasonably necessary to continue the listing or quotation and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer.


 



 




 




 


4.11     Equal Treatment of Purchasers. No consideration (including any modification of any Transaction Document) shall be offered or paid to any Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of this Agreement unless the same consideration is also offered to all of the parties to this Agreement. For clarification purposes, this provision constitutes a separate right granted to each Purchaser by the Company and negotiated separately by each Purchaser, and is intended for the Company to treat the Purchasers as a class and shall not in any way be construed as the Purchasers acting in concert or as a group with respect to the purchase, disposition or voting of Securities or otherwise.


 


4.12      Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchaser, covenants that neither it, nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the filing of the Form 8-K as described in Section 4.4.  Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchaser, covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the filing of the Form 8-K as described in Section 4.4, such Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information included in the Transaction Documents and the Disclosure Schedules.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality to the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced as described in Section 4.4.


 


4.13      Form D; Blue Sky Filings. The Company agrees to timely file a Form D with respect to the Securities as required under Regulation D and to provide a copy thereof, promptly upon request of any Purchaser. To the extent applicable, the Company shall take such action as the Company shall reasonably determine is necessary in order to obtain an exemption for, or to qualify the Securities for, sale to the Purchasers at the Closing under applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of the states of the United States, and shall provide evidence of such actions promptly upon request of any Purchaser.


 


4.14      Acknowledgment of Dilution. The Company acknowledges that the issuance of the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares may result in dilution of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, which dilution may be substantial under certain market conditions. The Company further acknowledges that upon Stockholder Approval its obligations under the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, its obligation to issue the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares pursuant to the Transaction Documents, are unconditional and absolute and not subject to any right of set off, counterclaim, delay or reduction, regardless of the effect of any such dilution or any claim the Company may have against any Purchaser and regardless of the dilutive effect that such issuance may have on the ownership of the other stockholders of the Company.


 



 




 




 


4.15      Registration Statement. As soon as practicable (and in any event within 180 calendar days of the date of this Agreement), the Company shall file a registration statement on Form S-1 (or other appropriate form for which the Company is eligible) providing for the resale by the Purchasers of the Conversion Shares and Warrant Shares issued and issuable upon the conversion of the Preferred Stock and exercise of the Warrants.  The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration to become effective within 181 days following the Closing Date and to keep such registration statement effective at all times until no Purchaser owns any Preferred Stock, Conversion Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise thereof.


 


4.15      Stockholder Approval. As soon as practicable (and in any event within 60 days of the Closing Date), the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to seek and obtain the Stockholder Approval.


 


ARTICLE V.

MISCELLANEOUS


 


5.1     Termination.  This Agreement may be terminated before the Closing by any Purchaser, as to such Purchaser’s obligations hereunder only and without any effect whatsoever on the obligations between the Company and the other Purchasers, by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated on or before the fifth (5th) Trading Day following the date hereof; provided, however, that such termination will not affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).


 


5.2     Fees and Expenses. Except as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company and any exercise notice delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchasers (other than income and capital gains taxes of the Purchasers that may be incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby) and any fees due to the Placement Agent and any other Person to whom any brokerage, commission, placement agent or other similar fees are owed in connection with the sale of the Securities.


 


5.3     Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.


 


5.4     Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile or e-mail at the facsimile number or e-mail address set forth on the signature pages attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile or e-mail at the facsimile number or e-mail address set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto.


 



 




 




 


5.5     Amendments; Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and the Purchasers, or in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right.


 


5.6     Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.


 


5.7     Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser (other than by merger). Any Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the “Purchasers.”


 


5.8     No Third-Party Beneficiaries. The Placement Agent shall be a third party beneficiary with respect to the representations and warranties of the Purchasers in Section 3.2 hereof. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 4.8 and this Section 5.8.


 


5.9     Governing Law; Jurisdiction. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, stockholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If either party shall commence an action or proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then in addition to the obligations of the Company under Section 4.8, the prevailing party in such action, suit or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding.


 



 




 




 


5.10      Survival. The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the delivery of the Securities in relation to the Closing.


 


5.11      Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf” format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf” signature page were an original thereof.


 


5.12      Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.


 


5.13     Replacement of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction. The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances shall also pay any reasonable third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement Securities.


 


5.14     Remedies. In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of the Purchasers and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.


 



 




 




 


5.15     Payment Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.


 


5.16     Independent Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereof or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights, including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers.


 


5.17     Liquidated Damages.  The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due and payable shall have been canceled.


 


5.18     Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc.     If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day.


 


5.19     Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and every reference to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.


 


 5.20     Terms Generally. The definitions of terms herein shall apply equally to the singular and plural forms of the terms defined. Whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms.


 



 




 




 


5.21     WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY, THE PARTIES EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY. 


 


5.22     Offering in THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. Each party to this Agreement hereby agrees and acknowledges that THE SECURITIES have not been, and will not be, MARKETED, OFFERED OR SOLD DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY TO THE PUBLIC IN PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (“CHINA”, AND WHICH FOR SUCH PURPOSES SHALL EXCLUDE THE HONG KONG AND MACAU SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGIONS AND TAIWAN), AND NEITHER THIS Agreement, WHICH HAS NOT BEEN, AND WILL NOT BE, SUBMITTED TO, OR REGISTERED WITH, THE CHINA SECURITIES AND REGULATORY COMMISSION EXCEPT AS REQUIRED BY CHINESE SECURITIES LAWS AND REGULATIONS TO BE SUBMITTED OR DISCLOSED, NOR ANY OFFERING MATERIAL OR INFORMATION RELATING TO THE SECURITIES, has been, or will be, SUPPLIED TO THE PUBLIC IN CHINA OR USED IN CONNECTION WITH ANY OFFER FOR THE SUBSCRIPTION OR SALE OF the SECURITIES TO THE PUBLIC IN CHINA. Each Purchaser who is a CHINESE INVESTOR hereby represents, warrants and covenants that (i) it is a CHINESE INSTITUTION WHICH is AUTHORIZED TO ENGAGE IN FOREIGN EXCHANGE BUSINESS AND OFFSHORE INVESTMENT FROM OUTSIDE CHINA, and that (ii) it has been, and will be, in compliance with the FOREIGN EXCHANGE CONTROL APPROVAL AND FILING REQUIREMENTS UNDER THE RELEVANT CHINESE FOREIGN EXCHANGE REGULATIONS, AS WELL AS APPLICABLE OFFSHORE INVESTMENT APPROVAL REQUIREMENTS.


 


 


(Signature Pages Follow)


 



 




 




 


COMPANY SIGNATURE PAGE TO NOVABAY PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT


 


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by its authorized signatory as of the date first indicated above.


 


 


	
			 

				
			NOVABAY PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. 

				
			 

			
	
			 

				
			 

				
			 

				
			 

			
	
			 

				
			 

				
			 

				
			 

			
	
			 

				
			By: 

				
			/s/ Justin Hall

				
			 

			
	
			 

				
			Name:  Justin Hall 

				
			 

			
	 	
			Title: President and Chief Executive Officer


			  & General Counsel

				 



 



 




 




 


PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGES TO NOVABAY PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT


 


 


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned executes this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first indicated above.


 


 


Name of Purchaser: Xiao Rui Liu                                                                                                                                                                                        


 


Signature of Purchaser:   /s/ Xiao Rui Liu                                                                                                                                      


 


Email Address of Purchaser:    [Redacted]                                                                                                                                                                                  


 


Address for Notice to Purchaser:


 


[Redacted]


 


 


 


Subscription Amount: $ 400,000         USD


Shares:   400,000             


 


Warrants:   400,000                     


 


 


[SIGNATURE PAGE]


 



 




 




 


PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGES TO NOVABAY PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT


 


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned executes this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first indicated above.


 


 


Name of Purchaser: Ping Huang                                                                                                                                                                                        


 


Signature of Purchaser:   /s/ Ping Huang                                                                                                                                      


 


Email Address of Purchaser:    [Redacted]                                                                                                                                                       


 


Address for Notice to Purchaser:


 


[Redacted]


 


 


 


Subscription Amount: $ 1,500,000          USD


Shares:   1,500,000             


 


Warrants:   1,500,000                  


 


[SIGNATURE PAGE]


 



 




 




 


PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGES TO NOVABAY PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT


 


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned executes this Securities Purchase Agreement as of the date first indicated above.


 


Name of Purchaser: Pang Haidong                                                                                                                                                                                        


 


Signature of Purchaser:   /s/ Pang Haidong                                                                                                                                      


 


Email Address of Purchaser:    [Redacted]                                                                                                                                                             


 


Address for Notice to Purchaser:


 


[Redacted]


  


 


 


 


 


Subscription Amount: $  800,000         USD


 


Shares:   800,000             


 


 


Warrants:   800,000             


 


 


[SIGNATURE PAGE]


 



 




 




 


SCHEDULE I


 


 


	
			Purchasers Name and Address


			 


			 

				
			Shares of


			Preferred 


			Stock

				
			Conversion


			Shares


			 

				
			Warrants


			 


			 

				
			Subscription


			Price


			 

			
	
			Ping Huang

				
			1,500,000

				
			1,500,000

				
			1,500,000

				
			$1,500,000

			
	
			Pang Haidong

				
			800,000

				
			800,000

				
			800,000

				
			$800,000

			
	
			Xiao Rui Liu

				
			400,000

				
			400,000

				
			400,000

				
			$400,000

			
	
			Total

				 	 	 	
			$2,700,000