T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on a nd i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by 9th C i r . R . 36- 3. J a r a m i l l o a l s o pl e a de d gui l ty t o a nd w a s s e nt e nc e d f orw i l l f ul f i l i ng of 1 f a l s e t a x r e turn ( 26 U . S . C . § 7206( 1) ) . H e doe s notc ha l l e nge tha tc onvi c t i on. NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS FOR T HE NI NTH CI RC UI T UN I T E D S T AT E S OF AME R I C A, P l ai nt i ff

- A pp el l ee , v. GE OR GE HE NR Y J AR AMI L L O, D e f

e n d a n t - A p p e lla n t. N o. 09- 50480 D . C . N o. 8: 07 -c r- 00 03 6-A G -1 ME MOR AN DU M *

A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f o rth e C e n tr a l D is tr ic t o f C a lif o rn ia A ndr e w J . G ui l f

or d, D i s tr i c tJ udge , P r e s i di ng A r gue d a nd S ubm i tt e d F e brua ry 7, 2011

P a s a d e n a , C a lif

o rn ia B efo re: D . W . N E L S O N , R E IN H A R D T , an d N . R . S M IT H , C i rcu i tJu d g es. G e or ge H e nry J a r a m i l l o appe a l s hi s c onvi c t i on a nd s e nt e nc e ( gui de l i ne c a l c ul a t i on a nd r e s t i tut i on a w a r d) f orm a i l f r aud/ de pr i vi ng the publ i c of the r i ghtof hone s ts e rvi c e s of

apubl i c of

f i c i a l ( 18 U . S . C . §§ 1341 a nd 1346) . W e ha ve 1 

# FI LED

FEB 15 2 011 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS2

j ur i s di c t i on unde r28 U . S . C . § 1291. W e va c a t e J a r a m i l l o’ s c onvi c t i on a nd rest i tu t i o n o rd er as t o C o u n t2 an d rem an d fo r fu rth er p ro ceed i n g s. 1 . Co unt

2 –H o ne s t Se r v ic e s Fr a ud A f te rJ a r a m illo e n te r e d ap le aa g r e e m e n t a n d w a s s e n te n c e d to 2 7 m o n th s in pr i s on, the U ni t e d S t a t e s S upr e m e C our tde c i de d Ski l l i ngv. U ni ted Stat es , 1 3 0 S. C t. 2 8 9 6 ( 2 0 1 0 ) . Ski l l i nglim ite d th e ap p lic a tio n o f “h o n e s t s e rv ic e s ” f

r au d to b r ib e ry a n d k ic kb a c ks c h e m e s . Id . a t2933. J a r a m i l l o now a r gue s tha tthe I nf orm a t i on on C ount2 doe s nota l l e ge ac r i m e e nc om pa s s i ng abr i be ry or k ic kb a c ks c h e m e , th u s th e c o n v ic tio n s h o u ld b e s e t a s id e . Ja ra m il lo d idn o t raise th is issu e in h is o p en in g b rief. H o w ev er , Jar am il lo ’s ar gu m enti s a n except i on t o the general w ai ver rul e, because the op eni ng bri ef w as fi l ed pri or t o the Ski l l i ngo p in io n . Se e U ni te d State s v . Ul lah , 976 F . 2d 509, 514 ( 9 th C ir . 1 9 9 2 ) ; se e al

so G ri f f i th v. Kentucky , 47 9 U . S . 31 4, 32 8 (19 87 ). A t th e tim e o f

th e p le aa g r e e m e n t, th is c o u r t ap p lie d h o n e s t s e rv ic e s f r au d in tw o s i tua t i ons : “ [ ( 1) ] f

r aud ba s e d on apubl i c of f i c i a l ’ s a c c e pt a nc e of

abr i be a nd [ ( 2) ] f r aud ba s e d on apubl i c of f i c i a l ’ s f a i l ur e t o di s c l os e am a t e r i a l c onf l i c tof i nt er es t . ” U

ni ted Stat es v. Ki ncai d-Cha un ce y , 5 5 6 F .3 d 9 2 3 , 9 4 2 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 9 ) . T hu s, atthe t i m e of the pl ea , Ja ra m i l l o’ s c harged and adm i tt ed cond uct— thathe

“ de f r a ude d the c i t i z e ns of

the C ounty of

O r a nge a nd the S t a t e of C a l i f orni aby3

s o lic itin g a n d r e c e iv in g g if ts a n d lo a n s f

r o m o th e rin d iv id u a ls w h ile ap u b lic o f f ic ia l a n d f

a ls e ly s ta te d , c o n c e a le d , a n d f a ile d to d is c lo s e h is r e c e ip t o f s u c h g if ts a nd l oa ns on hi s publ i c a l l y - f i l e d F orm 700’ s ” — f

e l l w i thi n the c ha r ge . T he c h a r g in g d o c u m e n ts , h o w e v e r , d id n o t a lle g e a n y s c h e m e o f b r ib e ry o rk ic kb a c k . N ordi d J a r a m i l l o e ve ra dm i t , i n the f a c tua l ba s i s f

orhi s pl e a , tha tthe gi f

t s a nd l oans he re ce i ved w er e i n “ exchange for i nfl uence. ” W hi l e the re cord i s c l ea r that J a r a m illo w a s p a id a n d a c c e p te d m o n e y , it is n o t c le a rth a t th e m o n e y w a s in

“ exchange for i nfl uence. ” Id . a t943 ( “ W i thoutal i nk be tw e e n the i t e m of va l ue re ce i ved and an un ders t andi ng thatthe pu bl i c off i ci al re ce i vi ng i ti s t o p er form o f f ic ia l a c ts o n b e h a lf

o f th e p a y o rw h e n c a lle d u p o n , th e r e is n o d is c e rn ib le w a y to di s t i ngui s h be tw e e n a n e l e c t e d of f i c i a l r e s pondi ng t o l e gi t i m a t e l obby i ng a nd a c orruptpol i t i c i a n s e l l i ng hi s vot e s t o the hi ghe s tbi dde r . ” ) . W i thouta ny a l l e ga t i ons o f b r ib e ry o rk ic kb a c k s , Ski l l i ngm andat es thatthe Inform at i on fa i l s t o charge an offe nse und er§ 1 34 6. W e a re al so un abl e t o est abl i sh a f ac tual basi s f

or a bri bery o rk ic kb a c ks c h e m e b a s e d o n J a r a m illo ’s a d m itte d c o n d u c t in th e p le a . W e there fore vaca t e the conv i ct i on as t o C ou nt2 and re m and thi s m att ert o the di stri ct c o u r t f o rf u r th e rp r o c e e d in g s . See U ni ted Stat es v. R uiz-A lvarez , 211 F . 3d 1181, 11 85 (9th C i r. 20 00 ) ( no t i ng thatthe di stri ctcourtm ayre ca l cul at e a nd re se nt ence the defendanton the conv i ct i on s w hi ch st i l l st and).4

B e c aus e w e r e m a nd thi s m a tt e rba c k t o the di s tr i c tc our t , w e ne e d not a d d r e s s th e is s u e s r a is e d r e g a r d in g th e s e n te n c in g f o rC o u n t 2 . 2 . Re s titutio n B e c aus e w e va c a t e J a r a m i l l o’ s c onvi c t i on a s t o C ount2, w e a l s o va c a t e a nd r e m a n d th e r e s titu tio n o r d e r , w h ic h w a s b a s e d o n th e h o n e s t s e rv ic e s f r au d c o u n t. See U ni ted Stat es v. G am m a T ec h Industri es , Inc. , 26 5 F . 3d 91 7, 92 8 (9th C i r. 2 0 0 1 ) (“ [C ] o n du ctu n d erl yi n g th e o ffen se o f co n v i ct i o n m u sth av e cau sed a l o ss for w hi ch a c ou rtm ayorder r es t i tut i on , bu tthe l oss c anno tbe t oo fa r r em ov ed f r o m th a t c o n d u c t.” ) . V AC AT E D a n d RE MAND E D.