UNITED STATES AIR FORCE

COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS

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No. ACM S32403

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UNITED STATES

Appellee

v.

Trevor D. WILLINGHAM

Senior Airman (E-4), U.S. Air Force, Appellant

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Appeal from the United States Air Force Trial Judiciary

Decided 20 July 2017

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Military Judge: Mark W. Milam.

Approved sentence: Bad-conduct discharge, confinement for 45 days, and reduction to E-1. Sentence adjudged 8 March 2016 by SpCM convened at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana. 

For Appellant: Major Mark C. Bruegger, USAF.

For Appellee: Gerald R. Bruce, Esquire.

Before MAYBERRY, KIEFER, and C. BROWN, Appellate Military Judges.

Judge KIEFER delivered the opinion of the court, in which Senior Judge MAYBERRY and Judge C. BROWN joined.

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This is an unpublished opinion and, as such, does not serve as 

precedent under AFCCA Rule of Practice and Procedure 18.4.

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KIEFER, Judge:

A special court-martial consisting of a military judge sitting alone convicted 

Appellant, pursuant to his pleas and a pretrial agreement (PTA), of wrongful 

use of cocaine and divers wrongful use of oxycodone, in violation of Article 

112a, Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ), 10 U.S.C. § 912a. The military 

judge sentenced Appellant to a bad-conduct discharge, confinement for 45 
United States v. Willingham, No. ACM S32403

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days, and reduction to the grade of E-1. The convening authority approved the 

sentence as adjudged, but deferred automatic forfeitures for the benefit of Appellant’s dependents.1 Appellant alleges that his sentence was inappropriately 

severe.

I. BACKGROUND

Appellant was involved in an automobile accident on 29 November 2015. 

He claims he was injured in the accident and experienced pain in his hand, 

neck, and back. On 1 December 2015, Appellant’s wife gave him one of her 

prescription oxycodone pills for his pain. Appellant placed the pill in his mouth 

and swallowed it. That same evening Appellant and his wife went to a local 

strip club in Bossier City, Louisiana. While at the club, a dancer offered Appellant cocaine. Appellant accepted the cocaine and snorted two lines of the drug 

through his nose.

On 2 December 2015, before leaving his home to report for duty, Appellant 

again ingested one of his wife’s oxycodone tablets. Later that day, Appellant 

was selected to provide a urine sample as part of a random inspection. This 

sample tested positive for a metabolite of cocaine, oxycodone, and oxymorphone.

Appellant alleges that his approved sentence of a bad-conduct discharge, 

45 days of confinement, and reduction to the grade of E-1 is inappropriately 

severe. We disagree.

II. DISCUSSION: SENTENCE SEVERITY

This court reviews sentence appropriateness de novo. United States v. 

Lane, 64 M.J. 1, 2 (C.A.A.F. 2006). We may “affirm only such findings of guilty,

and the sentence or such part or amount of the sentence, as [we find] correct 

in law and fact and determine[ ], on the basis of the entire record, should be 

approved.” Article 66(c), UCMJ, 10 U.S.C. § 866(c). “We assess sentence appropriateness by considering the particular appellant, the nature and seriousness 

of the offense[s], the appellant’s record of service, and all matters contained in 

the record of trial.” United States v. Anderson, 67 M.J. 703, 705 (A.F. Ct. Crim. 

App. 2009). Although we are accorded great discretion in determining whether 

a particular sentence is appropriate, we are not authorized to engage in exercises of clemency. United States v. Nerad, 69 M.J. 138, 146 (C.A.A.F. 2010).

Here, Appellant was convicted of using controlled substances on multiple 

occasions. He accepted these controlled substances from a stranger and his 

wife and knowingly ingested them. One wrongful use was just prior to leaving 

 

1 Pursuant to Articles 57a. and 58b, UCMJ, 10 U.S.C. §§ 857a, 858b.
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3

for work. At trial, both the Government and Appellant offered portions of his 

service record, which included several strong enlisted performance reports and 

evidence of three deployments. Appellant’s service record also included nonjudicial punishment for choking his wife. Finally, Appellant offered character 

letters and other evidence in extenuation and mitigation.

The maximum authorized sentence for Appellant’s offenses was the jurisdictional limit of a special court-martial. Appellant negotiated a pretrial agreement which limited the convening authority’s approval of confinement to four 

months, but imposed no other sentence limitations. We have given individualized consideration to this particular appellant, the nature and seriousness of 

the offenses, Appellant’s record of service, and all other matters contained in 

the record of trial. Appellant cites numerous military awards, his excellent performance reports, and his deployment record to support his argument that a 

bad-conduct discharge is not appropriate in his case. While certain aspects of 

Appellant’s military record are very favorable, they must be balanced against 

the negative aspects, including the nonjudicial punishment for choking his 

spouse, as well as the seriousness of the offenses. We find the approved sentence of a bad-conduct discharge, 45 days of confinement, and reduction to the 

grade of E-1 is not inappropriately severe based on the facts of this case.

III. CONCLUSION

The findings and the sentence are correct in law and fact, and no error materially prejudicial to the substantial rights of Appellant occurred. Articles 

59(a) and 66(c), UCMJ, 10 U.S.C. §§ 859(a), 866(c). Accordingly, the findings

and sentence are AFFIRMED.

FOR THE COURT

KURT J. BRUBAKER

Clerk of the Court