RECORD IMPOUNDED

SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY

APPELLATE DIVISION

DOCKET NO. A-4396-18

STATE OF NEW JERSEY,

Plaintiff-Respondent,

v.

G.L.,

Defendant-Appellant.

_______________________

Submitted February 24, 2021 – Decided May 6, 2021

Before Judges Alvarez and Sumners.

On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, Law 

Division, Essex County, Indictment No. 13-05-1094.

Joseph E. Krakora, Public Defender, attorney for 

appellant (Phuong V. Dao, Designated Counsel, on the 

brief).

Theodore N. Stephens II, Acting Essex County 

Prosecutor, attorney for respondent (Emily M. M. Pirro, 

Special Deputy Attorney General/Acting Assistant 

Prosecutor, of counsel and on the brief).

PER CURIAM

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE

APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION

This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the 

internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.
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The question before us is whether the post-conviction relief (PCR) court

erred in not vacating defendant G.L's1 guilty plea to second-degree sexual 

assault, N.J.S.A. 14-2(b), without an evidentiary hearing. We agree that the 

court properly dismissed defendant's claim that trial counsel failed to file a 

motion to suppress defendant's statement to the police. We, however, reverse 

and remand for an evidentiary hearing to determine if defendant's plea was 

involuntary because counsel pressured defendant into pleading guilty during the 

plea colloquy.

2

 

On March 17, 2013, defendant, almost seventy-five years old at the time, 

kissed his six-year-old grand-niece, over her clothes, on her vagina. In a 

subsequent investigation, defendant gave a statement to the East Orange police. 

Despite its relevance to this appeal, the statement is not included in the record. 

It was, however, presented to the PCR court, which determined that "[d]efendant 

knowingly, voluntarily and intelligently waived his Miranda[3]rights and agreed 

1 We use initials to protect the privacy of the victim and preserve the 

confidentiality of these proceedings. N.J.S.A. 2A:82-46(a); R. 1:38-3(c)(9). 

2

 Defendant also alleged that counsel was ineffective because he failed to review 

discovery and properly prepare for trial. The PCR court's rejection of these 

claims is not the subject of this appeal. 

3

 Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 477 (1966). 
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to give a statement in which he proceeded to confess to the incident." Defendant 

denies he told police "that he kissed his [grand-niece] for sexual gratification[]."

Defendant was indicted on May 13, 2013, with two counts of seconddegree sexual assault, N.J.S.A. 2C:14-2(b); three counts of second-degree 

endangering the welfare of a child, N.J.S.A. 2C:24-4(a); and first-degree 

aggravated sexual assault, N.J.S.A. 2C:14-2(a)(1).

On July 8, 2013, defendant pled guilty to second-degree sexual assault,

and in exchange, the State agreed to dismiss all other charges and recommend a 

sentence one degree lower – a prison term of three years with an eighty-five 

percent parole disqualifier. The details of defendant's challenged plea allocution 

will be addressed below. 

Defendant was sentenced in accordance with his plea agreement almost 

four months later. He did not file a direct appeal but filed a petition for PCR. 

II

In denying defendant's PCR claim that trial counsel was ineffective for 

failing to file a motion to suppress his statement to the police, the court correctly 

applied the well-settled two-prong test set forth in Strickland v. Washington, 

466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984), adopted by our Supreme Court in State v. Fritz, 105 

N.J. 42, 58 (1987). A defendant must first show "that counsel made errors so 
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serious that counsel was not functioning as the 'counsel' guaranteed . . . by the 

Sixth Amendment[,]" Fritz, 105 N.J. at 52 (quoting Strickland, 466 U.S. at 687); 

and second, it must be proven that prejudice was suffered due to counsel's 

deficient performance, Strickland, 466 U.S. at 687, 691-92. A court reviewing 

a PCR petition based on ineffective assistance has the discretion to grant an 

evidentiary hearing if a defendant establishes a prima facie showing in support 

of the requested relief. State v. Preciose, 129 N.J. 451, 462 (1992). 

In its written decision, the PCR court found that based upon its review of 

the statement, a suppression motion would not have been successful, and thus,

a prima facie case of ineffective assistance had not been proven. The court 

reasoned: 

Defendant's brief[] . . . does not cite to anything in the 

record supporting his bare assertion he did not 

voluntarily waive his right to remain silent, or that 

portions of his statement were coerced. The record 

clearly demonstrates [d]efendant did in fact waive his 

Miranda warnings prior to providing the confession to

members of the East Orange Police Department. 

Our review of the record substantiates the court's ruling. See State v. O'Neal, 

190 N.J. 601, 618-19 (2007) (noting that to satisfy the Strickland standard when 

an ineffective assistance of counsel claim is based on the failure to file a 

suppression motion, a defendant must establish that the motion had merit). 
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We, however, are troubled by counsel's directions to defendant during his 

plea allocution.4 Defendant contends he did not plead guilty voluntarily and 

knowingly because trial counsel pressured him during his allocution to plead 

guilty.

The plea transcript provides:

[The Court:] [G.L.] . . . , please concentrate on my 

words. When you were at the police station, I believe 

your lawyer showed you page 11 of the transcript when 

you were talking to the [d]etectives. Isn't it true you 

told the [d]etectives that you kissed the vagina of your 

grand[-]niece or grand[-]daughter. And that when you 

did that kiss[,] it was for your sexual gratification. 

[The Defendant:] No. 

[Trial Counsel]: You have to say yes. 

The [Defendant]: Yes. 

The Court: Yes? Okay. Anything else, Mr. Prosecutor. 

[(Emphasis added).] 

This was followed by:

[The Defendant:] I told the police that I took her out 

and that I did kiss her, but not as a sexual emotion – not 

sexual. 

4

 Defendant's plea was entered with the aid of a Spanish interpreter. 
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[Prosecutor]: Judge, I'm going to ask that we break out 

the transcripts so that he can see exactly what he said 

to the law officers. 

[Trial Counsel]: Mr. Lopez, you didn't have sex with 

[your grand-niece], but you were kissing her on her 

vagina. It's considered a sexual [sic]. Do you 

understand that? 

The Defendant: It was on top of her clothes. 

[Trial Counsel]: Okay, I understand. Kissing her over 

the clothes. Okay, we have discussed this, all right? 

Where you're getting a three[-year prison term]. 

The Defendant: Yes, sir. 

Next:

[Prosecutor]: And therefore you admit that you did this 

for your sexual gratification; correct? 

Defendant: No, I mean just doing it non-sexually, but 

as a grandfather in endearing –

The Court: All right, we're going to –

[Trial Counsel]: You have to say yes. 

The Defendant: (In English) Yes, yes, yes. 

[Trial Counsel]: Judge, [G.L.] didn't understand the 

question. 

 . . . . 
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[The Prosecutor]: Therefore[,] you understand that you 

did kiss her on the vagina over her clothes for your own 

sexual gratification; correct? 

. . . .

The Defendant: Yes, in Spanish. 

[(Emphasis added).] 

In rejecting defendant's contention that counsel pressured him to plead 

guilty, the PCR court ruled: "Trial [c]ounsel was merely directing [d]efendant 

to answer pursuant to the plea agreement. This does not show [t]rial [c]ounsel 

pressured him into entering a guilty plea, but rather, [was] informing [d]efendant 

that as a consequence of his decision to plead guilty, he must answer yes." The 

court found there was "no 'reasonable probability that, but for' [t]rial [c]ounsel's 

alleged errors, he would not have pled guilty or been sentenced to three years in 

. . . [p]rison."

To sustain a plea to a criminal offense, the plea colloquy must address 

"each element of the offense." State v. Campfield, 213 N.J. 218, 231 (2013)

(citations omitted). "The factual foundation may take one of two forms; 

defendant may either explicitly admit guilt with respect to the elements or may 

'acknowledge[] . . . facts constituting the essential elements of the crime.'" Ibid.

(alterations in original) (quoting State v. Sainz, 107 N.J. 283, 293 (1987)). Thus, 
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"[t]he judge's leading questions may be necessary to ensure an adequate factual 

basis for the guilty plea." Ibid. (citation omitted). The validity of a defendant's 

guilty plea is based upon the voluntariness of his statement to the plea court. 

State v. Johnson, 182 N.J. 232, 236 (2005) (citing R. 3:9-2). 

The PCR court's analysis of defendant's guilty plea improperly 

emphasizes his statement to the police to confirm his guilt without accurately 

evaluating defendant's plea colloquy. Based on counsel's direction to defendant 

to say "yes" to the questions regarding whether his conduct was for sexual 

gratification, we conclude there is a prima facie case of ineffectiveness because

his plea to second-degree sexual assault was involuntary or coerced. 

Clearly, the offense to be pled to – a seventy-five-year-old uncle sexually 

gratifying himself by kissing the vagina of his six-year-old grand-niece – is 

extremely degrading and embarrassing. Nevertheless, counsel cannot blatantly 

tell defendant how to answer the sensitive questions he was asked during his 

plea allocution. Defendant's PCR supplemental certification stated that he was 

innocent of the charges, claiming he answered the plea allocution questions as 

counsel directed because he did not understand them. An evidentiary hearing is 

necessary to determine the veracity of his allegations. Moreover, because 

defendant accuses counsel of ineffective assistance, counsel is free to testify 
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regarding the discussions she had with him that might explain her reasons for 

the plea allocution directions. 

Affirmed in part and reversed and remanded in part for an evidentiary 

hearing consistent with this opinion. We do not retain jurisdiction.