# Patent

## Title
CQICH allocation request header for communicating feedback information

## Abstract

A method of communicating feedback information between a mobile station and a base station by determining a need to request bandwidth allocation; providing information to a base station according to the determining, wherein the information indicates bandwidth allocation for a fast feedback channel, which is a robust channel; and performing communication with the base station upon bandwidth allocation according to the provided information.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §119, this application claims the benefit of earlier filing date and right of priority to Korea Application No. 10-2005-20831, filed Mar. 12, 2005, Korean Application No. 10-2005-34477, filed Apr. 26, 2005, Provisional Application No. 60/663,214, filed on Mar. 17, 2005 and Provisional Application No. 60/677,687, filed on May 3, 2005, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to mobile communications, and more particularly, to a method of communicating feedback information between a mobile station and a base station by using a CQICH allocation request header.
BACKGROUND ART
In a related art Orthogonal Frequency Division Modulation (OFDM) Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, Medium Access Layer (MAC) Protocol Data Units (PDUs) may be broadly categorized as MAC Management PDUs and user data MAC PDUs. A MAC Management PDU is comprised of a payload containing previously agreed upon MAC management messages for operation of the MAC layer, and a MAC header attached in front of each payload. A Bandwidth Request PDU, which is needed for a user to dynamically request necessary bandwidth on the uplink, is a special type of MAC Management PDU having only a header (that is referred to as a Bandwidth Request Header) without any payload attached thereto. FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a related art Bandwidth Request Header.
According to the related art, a bandwidth request function is a procedure used when a mobile station informs a base station that uplink bandwidth allocation is necessary. The bandwidth request may be of an incremental type or an aggregation type. The base station that receives an incremental bandwidth request, must add bandwidth necessary matters to the currently allocated bandwidth, to accommodate the size of the requested bandwidth related to a corresponding connection (or access procedure). Alternatively, upon receiving a group type request, the base station should replace the previous bandwidth of the corresponding connection with the size of the requested bandwidth.
In addition to the above functions, the header can be used to perform other functions. Such functions are classified according to a type field at the front portion of the header, and the contents to be transferred correspond according to the type field. Basically, this is used to transfer other values when requesting bandwidth. For example, if the type field is 010, an uplink transmit power value is reported, and if the type field is 100, a downlink burst profile change is requested. A type field of 101 can be used to transfer a power saving class ID for sleep mode. As such, in addition to requesting bandwidth, the header can be used to report other information together with simultaneously requesting bandwidth.
In the related art, the request from the mobile terminal is limited to requesting uplink bandwidth. Also, allocation of a Fast-feedback channel (e.g., CQICH) that allows quick transferring of various feedback values was received only based according to an allocation from the base station. When the base station requests feedback values upon allocation of a CQICH region to the mobile terminal, a CQICH_Enhanced_allocation Information Element (IE), a CQICH-allocation IE or if data exists, a Fast-feedback allocation sub-header is used for informing. Only the mobile terminal that received a request through such IE or sub-header then calculates the requested feedback value and reports such thereof. Accordingly, reporting a most recent downlink channel state (condition) value of the mobile terminal with a request from the base station, changing into MIMO mode for channel improvement (enhancement) in a multiple antenna system, and other such procedures cannot be requested from the mobile terminal itself. Also, channel state (condition) report values that are reported at a report period (interval) that was determined in a uni-lateral (one-sided) manner without considering the mobility characteristics of the mobile terminal may become useless.
SUMMARY
One aspect of the present invention involves the recognition by the present inventors of the drawbacks in the related art, as explained above. Based upon such recognition, improvements to a CQICH allocation request procedure have been made according to the present invention.
One feature of the present invention is to allow not only a request for uplink resource allocation, but also a request for resource allocation for a CQICH channel (i.e., a fast feedback channel) through use of a bandwidth request header having a particular configuration. Also, if an instruction to provide periodic feedback reports is received from the base station, a request for report period modification is also possible. Namely, the present invention modifies the structure (i.e., configuration, construction, etc.) of the related art bandwidth request header such that it can be used for requesting allocation of necessary CQICH resources according to the type of feedback to be sent by the mobile terminal, and also for requesting the desired feedback report period. Also, the bandwidth request header according to the present invention can be constructed to be used for requesting a change in the feedback report period that had been previously set by the base station.
More specifically, the present invention provides a method of communicating feedback information between a mobile station and a base station by determining a need to request bandwidth allocation; providing information to a base station according to the determining, wherein the information indicates bandwidth allocation for a fast feedback channel, which is a robust channel; and performing communication with the base station upon bandwidth allocation according to the provided information.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and attained as particularly pointed out in the appended claims.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows an example of a header structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows another example of a header structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows another example of a header according to the present invention that can be used for requesting Fast Base Station Switching (FBSS), requesting a report of general feedback values, and a preferred period.
FIG. 4 depicts a Fast-feedback channel configuration for an uplink bandwidth.
FIG. 5 shows an exemplary structure of the header that may be sent by the mobile terminal if the SNR value is to be reported at a period of 8 frames.
FIG. 6 shows an exemplary CQICH allocation request header that informs the requested bandwidth is informed through use of the CQICH_Enhanced_Allocation IE and the CQICH_Allocation IE.
FIG. 7 shows an exemplary Fast-feedback allocation subheader that can be used if there is data to be sent to the mobile terminal.
FIG. 8 shows an example of a header structure that can be used to request a previously set (fixed) feedback report period.
FIG. 9 is a schematic for further explaining how the CQICH allocation request according to the present invention can be performed.
FIG. 10 shows some examples of the feedback types that the mobile station wishes to report without receiving any request from the base station.
FIG. 11 shows exemplary values of a 6-bit payload use for selecting an anchor base station.
FIG. 12 shows exemplary feedback types of a CQICH enhanced allocation IE according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a table showing exemplary subheader structures used to inform about the existence of the CQICH allocation request.
FIG. 14 shows an exemplary structure of a CQICH allocation request subheader according to the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present invention is described as being implemented in a 3GPP2 type mobile communications system that supports OFDM/OFDMA and/or WiMax. However, the features of the present invention may also be adapted and implemented in communications systems operating under other types of communication specifications (e.g., 3GPP, 4G, IEEE, OMA, etc.), because the concepts and teachings of the present invention could be applied to various communication schemes that operate in a similar manner based upon common techniques.
The present invention will refer to communications between mobile stations and base stations, merely for the sake of convenience. However, mobile stations may be referred to using other similar terms (e.g., mobile terminals, user equipment, etc.), and base stations may also be referred to using other similar terms (e.g., Node Bs, network access points, etc.).
Also, the present invention will be explained in the context of broadcast/multicast services (BCMCS), but the features of the present invention may apply to various types of point-to-multipoint services that provide multimedia data to users, such as multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS), media broadcasting, contents delivery, and the like.
Non-limiting exemplary embodiments of the present invention are explained below with reference to the attached Figures.
1. Header Structure
FIGS. 1 and 2 show examples of a header according to the present invention. Namely, a new type field is defined in the related art bandwidth request header used for requesting an uplink bandwidth in order to indicate that a Fast-feedback channel is to be requested. The header according to the present invention to allow the mobile terminal itself to indicate the type of data to be fed back (i.e., see Table 1 to be explained hereafter) and to request the necessary bandwidth (e.g., CQICH_Num). Here, the desired feedback report period can also be included.
FIG. 3 shows another example of a header according to the present invention that can be used for requesting Fast Base Station Switching (FBSS), requesting a report of general feedback values, and a preferred period. For indicating the FBSS function, a field that is separate from the feedback type is employed. This header structure may also be used to request a change of the feedback report period that was previously set by the base station.
2. Operation
For the base station to quickly receive Fast-feedback values on the uplink bandwidth, a Fast-feedback channel (e.g., CQICH) is employed. This channel may be used to distinguish delivered values according to the type of signal that indicates a unique value, without having to perform a decoding/encoding procedure. The amount of data that can be delivered via this channel may be 4 or 6 bits. In the case of 4 bits, a reported feedback value can be represented by using 16 slots. In the case of 6 bits, a total of 64 feedback values can be represented. The mobile station can know of its location within a certain region through the receipt of a UIUC=0 or a Fast-feedback channel IE (information element) from the base station.
FIG. 4 depicts a Fast-feedback channel configuration for an uplink bandwidth. The bandwidth allocation to be used for each mobile station within a region and the feedback value to be requested are informed through use of a CQICH_allocation IE or a CQICH_Enhanced_alloc IE, and if there is data to be sent to the mobile terminal, a Fast-feedback allocation subheader is used. In situations other than the case for using the subheader, the period for reporting feedback information is also decided.
For a mobile terminal that does not have a feedback value report request using the above-described methods, the feedback type and report period desired by that mobile terminal are set and requested through the use of a CQICH allocation request header. In particular, for a system (mobile terminal) that uses its own DL measurement value or a multi-antenna, in order to request a change of MIMO mode or to deliver a measured weight value, the desired feedback type and the desired period of receiving feedback reports may be requested.
FIG. 5 shows an exemplary structure of the header that may be sent by the mobile terminal if the SNR value is to be reported at a period of 8 frames. In the DL measurement desired for reporting, the desired 8-frame period is included. Here, the period is calculated by using 2P, whereby the P value is the Preferred-Period value.
After receiving the CQICH allocation request header described above, the base station informs a mobile terminal that is within a CQICH (Fast-feedback channel) region, the amount of region (bandwidth) that the mobile terminal desires (for the case where the header structure that includes the number of CQICHs is included) or the feedback information to be received, and the requested bandwidth is informed through use of the CQICH_Enhanced_Allocation IE and the CQICH_Allocation IE, as shown in FIG. 6. Also, if there is data to be sent to the mobile terminal, the informing can be done through use of the Fast-feedback allocation subheader as shown in FIG. 7. In the case for supporting H-ARQ, a MIMO compact DL_MAP IE may be used.
Additionally, in order to change the previous period that was fixed, the mobile terminal may use the header of the present invention for making such request. For example, the value that was set for reporting at every 10 frames can be changed upon request to a faster report period (e.g., reporting at every 2 frames).
FIG. 8 shows an example of a header structure that can be used to request a previously set (fixed) feedback report period. The header of FIG. 8 can be used when the previously set feedback type is maintained, but the preferred period is requested to be changed to reporting at every 2 frames (=21).
FIG. 9 is a schematic for further explaining how the CQICH allocation request according to the present invention can be performed.
First, through the use of a UL-MAP, the base station provides size and location information by using UIUC=0 in order to inform about the fast feedback channel region in the UL resources. All mobile stations then become aware of the fast feedback channel location, and when there is a request from the base station, the feedback value desired by the base station is sent at the designated location.
Second, if there is no request from the base station, the mobile station employs the CQICH allocation request header when reporting the downlink signal strength or the weight values of each antenna of a multiple antenna system, when providing feedback of a channel matrix of the antenna, and when registering a new anchor base station. Here, the feedback type to be reported by the base station and report period desired by the mobile station are determined and sent. This header is a type of bandwidth request header used when UL resource allocation is desired, and is sent to the base station through the ranging region.
Third, upon receiving the CQICH allocation request header, the base station informs the mobile station about the location of the region to be reported, according to the desired period of the mobile station, by using a CQICH Enhanced allocation IE (Information Element) or a CQICH allocation IE, or a Fast-feedback allocation subheader (in case data exists). Also, for a mobile station that received a request from the base station to report feedback values at certain periods of time, this header may be used to change the report period.
Unlike the case above, in FBSS, the CQICH allocation request header is used to request allocation from the base station that is the target of handover, instead of being used to request allocation of a fast feedback channel from the base station that is currently providing service. The mobile station that performs FBSS is in a state of already being allocated a fast feedback channel from the base station that is currently providing service, and the fast feedback channel can be allocated ahead of time when moving to the target base station. However, if allocation ahead of time is not possible, the mobile station requests a new fast feedback channel by using this header.
3. Feedback Types
FIGS. 10 and 11 show some examples of the feedback types that the mobile station wishes to report without receiving any request from the base station. Upon receiving a CQICH allocation request header that contains such feedback types, the base station designates the appropriate feedback type according to the region that has been allocated through the CQICH Enhanced allocation IE or the CQICH allocation IE or the fast-feedback allocation subheader. If periodic reporting is required, a fixed period value is also included.
Referring to FIG. 10, for example, the feedback type of 010 is used for FBSS (Fast Base Station Switching), which is a type of handover procedure. In FBSS, among the methods for updating a new anchor BS that has priority based upon signal strength measurements previously performed for an active BS (base station) set, there is a method in which the mobile station uses a fast-feedback channel. Unlike the other feedback types, when the mobile station sets 010 and sends the header, a fast-feedback channel bandwidth request is performed for reporting an anchor BS that is to be newly added to the active set.
FIG. 11 shows exemplary values of a 6-bit payload use for selecting an anchor base station. Namely, the allocated feedback bandwidth may have a payload that is fixed as 6 bits, whereby each value is determined according to the BS ID that is temporarily given.
Upon performing downlink signal measurements, the mobile station may employ the header of the present invention in order to report a pre-coding codebook index that was prepared by standardizing the antenna grouping and antenna selection that perform feedback of the antenna channel matrix, and the antenna weight values to be fed back, to report the antenna weight value, or to report the value indicating the number of signal streams.
The mobile station employs the header of the present invention if there are contents to be reported via the fast-feedback channel without any request from the base station. Here, the contents to be basically reported may include a downlink signal strength (SNR). Also, because the contents transferred from the mobile station may be delivered as a 6-bit or 4-bit codeword, the base station may can distinguish the reported contents according to the designated values in the received codeword.
FIG. 12 shows exemplary feedback types of a CQICH enhanced allocation IE according to the present invention. For some feedback types, two types of feedback contents are indicated. This indicates that the same feedback type code (e.g., 000, 001, 010) may be applicable to different communication systems and techniques, to thus allow backward compatibility thereof.
4. Applying a Subheader to a New CQICH Allocation Request
The CQICH can be requested by using the (previous) known header type, while the present invention provides a method of using a subheader when data to be transmitted on the uplink exists.
FIG. 13 is a table showing exemplary subheader structures, and such subheaders may be used to inform about the existence of the CQICH allocation request, while changes are necessary to the subheader type according to the contents thereof.
If feedback values to be reported through the CQICH exist, the mobile station may employ the known CQICH allocation request header, but if data to be transmitted exists, the request can be made through use of the subheader described above. The mobile terminal informs about the feedback type that it is to report, and the desired number of channel slots and desired period may also be reported. Upon receiving this subheader, the base station inform the mobile station about the bandwidth allocated thereto, by means of the CQICH Enhanced allocation IE and the CQICH allocation IE using the related art method in the same manner as receiving the related art header or by means of the fast-feedback allocation subheader together with the data to be sent to the mobile terminal.
FIG. 14 shows an exemplary structure of a CQICH allocation request subheader according to the present invention.
As for some desirable results and effects of the present invention, it is possible to request bandwidth related to a fast-feedback channel through use of the bandwidth request header that had previously been only capable of being used to request uplink resource allocation in the related art. Also, waste of resources can be reduced due to more accurate resource allocation (instead of random or arbitrary allocation) by the base station that receives transmissions from the mobile station at a more accurate bandwidth determined according to the feedback type (e.g., slot numbers, CQICH number, etc.) that the mobile station wishes to report.
The present invention provides a method of communicating feedback information between a mobile station and a base station, the method comprising: determining a need to request bandwidth allocation; providing information to a base station according to the determining, wherein the information indicates bandwidth allocation for a fast feedback channel, which is a robust channel; and performing communication with the base station upon bandwidth allocation according to the provided information.
Here, the provided information may further indicate a feedback type. The information may further indicate a time period related to providing a feedback report at certain time frames from the mobile station. The mobile station may calculate the time period. The time period may be initially requested or an adjustment of the time period may be later requested. The feedback report may include SNR information. The providing step may be performed if fast base station switching (FBSS) is performed. The FBSS may comprise a step of performing anchor base station updating. The step of providing information may be achieved by sending a MAC management header. The MAC management header may be a bandwidth request header. The bandwidth request header may be a channel quality information channel (CQICH) allocation request header. The information may allow backward compatibility. The step of performing communication may comprise performing feedback with the base station according to the bandwidth allocation. The feedback type may be at least one of a group comprising downlink information or antenna information, pre-coding information, channel matrix information, and power control information. The fast feedback channel may be a channel quality information channel (CQICH). The steps may be applicable to at least one of OFDMA, OFDM, WiMAX, and 4G communication systems.
The present invention also provides a method of communicating feedback information between a mobile station and a base station, the method comprising: determining whether bandwidth allocation is required; providing, to a base station according to the determining, information about bandwidth allocation for a robust channel used for feedback, and about a time period related to providing a feedback report to the base station at certain time frames; and performing communication with the base station upon bandwidth allocation according to the provided information.
The robust channel may be a fast feedback channel. The mobile station may calculates the time period. The time period may be initially requested or an adjustment of the time period is later requested.
Also, the present invention provides a 6-byte protocol data unit (PDU) used for medium access control (MAC) management, the PDU comprising: a first byte containing information about a fast feedback channel; a second byte containing bits used for FSBB indication, a period indication, and reserved use; and additional bytes containing reserved bits, bits for CID and bits for HCS.
The first byte may additionally contain information about a feedback type. The first byte may comprise 3 bits that indicate a CQICH allocation request. The first byte may comprise 3 bits that indicate the feedback type. The second byte may comprise 4 bits that indicate the number of CQI channels. The second byte may comprise 1 bit that indicates fast base station switching. The second byte may comprise at least 3 bits that indicate a preferred feedback period.
Also, the present invention provides a medium access control management header comprising: a first byte containing information related to a feedback channel and a feedback type; and additional bytes containing information related to at least a feedback period to be used when performing feedback via the feedback channel.
To implement the various features described above, the present invention can employ various types of hardware and/or software components (modules). For example, different hardware modules may contain various circuits and components necessary to perform the steps of the above method. Also, different software modules (executed by processors and/or other hardware) may contain various codes and protocols necessary to perform the steps of the present invention method.
An exemplary structure of a mobile station that supports the features of the present invention may be comprised of a transceiver to transmit and receive signals and data, a memory to store data therein, and a processor cooperating with the transceiver and memory to handle various required processing procedures. Here, the processor may include different hardware and/or software components (modules). An input unit (e.g., microphone, keypad, function buttons, touch-sensitive input device, etc. to allow audible, visual, and/or tactile inputs) and an output unit (e.g., speaker, display unit, touch-screen, vibration unit, etc. to provide audible, visual, and/or tactile outputs) are also part of the mobile terminal of the present invention.
As described thus far, those skilled in the art related to the field of the present invention would understand that various substitutions, modifications, and changes are possible within the technical scope of the present invention, without being limited to the exemplary embodiments and attached Figures described herein.
This specification describes various illustrative embodiments of the present invention. The scope of the claims is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements of the illustrative embodiments disclosed in the specification. Therefore, the following claims should be accorded the reasonably broadest interpretation to cover modifications, equivalent structures, and features that are consistent with the spirit and scope of the invention disclosed herein.

## Claims

1. A method of communicating feedback information between a mobile station and a base station, the method comprising:
sending a bandwidth allocation request to a base station to report information using a medium access control (MAC) management header,
wherein the MAC management header comprises information related to a feedback type, a fast base station switching (FBSS) indicator and a preferred period;
receiving a response to the bandwidth allocation request assigning a bandwidth region to be reported; and
sending the information to the base station by using the bandwidth allocated according to the bandwidth allocation request.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the bandwidth allocation request is a CQICH allocation request.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the preferred period relates to a CQICH allocation period that the mobile station prefers.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the information reported to the base station is feedback information.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the information is related to a feedback type comprising at least one of downlinik signal strength, DL measurement/Precoding matrix codebook, Quantized precoding weight feedback, Index to precoding matrix in codebook, and Channel Matrix Information.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the response comprises at least one CQICH enhanced allocation IL (information element).

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the response comprises at least one CQICH allocation IL (information element).

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the response comprises at least one fast-feedback allocation sub-header.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the fast-feedback allocation sub-header includes a feedback type to indicate at least one of fast DL measurement, fast MIMO feedback, and MIMO mode/permutation mode feedback.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the fast-feedback allocation sub-header is used when data to be transmitted on a downlink exists.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the fast base station switching (FBSS) indicator is set when the mobile station requests CQICH during FBSS handover.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the steps are applicable to at least one of OFDMA, OFDM, WiMAX, and 4G communication systems.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein assigning the bandwidth region is to assign one or multiple CQICH channels.