I 

117TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 6646 

To prevent the illegal sale of firearms, and for other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

FEBRUARY 8, 2022 

Mr. QUIGLEY (for himself, Mr. SWALWELL, Ms. MOORE of Wisconsin, Mr. 

AUCHINCLOSS, Mr. EVANS, Mr. DESAULNIER, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. 

BEYER, and Mrs. WATSON COLEMAN) introduced the following bill; which 

was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary 

A BILL 

To prevent the illegal sale of firearms, and for other 

purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Trafficking Reduction 

5 And Criminal Enforcement (TRACE) Act’’. 

6 SEC. 2. REGULATORY REQUIREMENT TO MARK FIREARMS 

7 WITH SECOND, HIDDEN SERIAL NUMBER. 

8 (a) IN GENERAL.—Within 12 months after the date 

9 of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall 

10 promulgate final regulations that require each firearm 


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1 manufactured in the United States on or after the effec2 tive date of the regulation, to be marked with a serial 

3 number that is located inside the receiver of the firearm 

4 or that is visible only in infrared light, in addition to the 

5 serial number with which the firearm is otherwise required 

6 by law to be marked. 

7 (b) DEFINITION OF RECEIVER.—Section 921(a) of 

8 title 18, United States Code, is amended— 

9 (1) in paragraph (3)— 

10 (A) by inserting ‘‘, including an unfinished 

11 frame or receiver’’ after ‘‘such weapon’’; and 

12 (B) by striking ‘‘or (D) any destructive de13 vice’’ and inserting ‘‘; (D) any destructive de14 vice; or (E) any combination of parts designed 

15 or intended for use in converting any device 

16 into a firearm and from which a firearm may 

17 be readily assembled’’; 

18 (2) in paragraph (10)— 

19 (A) by striking ‘‘and the’’ and inserting 

20 ‘‘the’’; and 

21 (B) by inserting ‘‘; and the term ‘manufac22 turing firearms’ shall include assembling a 

23 functional firearm from an unfinished frame or 

24 receiver or from molding, machining, or 3D 

25 printing a frame or receiver, and shall not inVerDate Sep 11 2014 02:14 Feb 11, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H6646.IH H6646

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1 clude making or fitting special barrels, stocks, 

2 or trigger mechanisms to firearms’’ before the 

3 period; and 

4 (3) by inserting after paragraph (29) the fol5 lowing: 

6 ‘‘(30) The term ‘unfinished frame or receiver’ 

7 means any forging, casting, printing, extrusion, ma8 chined body or similar article that— 

9 ‘‘(A) has reached a stage in manufacture 

10 at which it may readily be completed, assem11 bled, or converted to be used as the frame or 

12 receiver of a functional firearm; or 

13 ‘‘(B) is marketed or sold to the public to 

14 become or be used as the frame or receiver of 

15 a functional firearm once completed, assembled, 

16 or converted.’’. 

17 SEC. 3. REQUIREMENT TO PRESERVE INSTANT CRIMINAL 

18 BACKGROUND CHECK RECORDS FOR 180 

19 DAYS. 

20 (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 922(t)(2)(C) of title 18, 

21 United States Code, is amended by inserting ‘‘after the 

22 180-day period that begins with the date the system com23 plies with subparagraphs (A) and (B),’’ before ‘‘destroy’’. 

24 (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 511 of divi25 sion B of the Consolidated and Further Continuing ApproVerDate Sep 11 2014 02:14 Feb 11, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H6646.IH H6646

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1 priations Act, 2012 (34 U.S.C. 40901 note; Public Law 

2 112–55; 125 Stat. 632) is amended— 

3 (1) by striking ‘‘for—’’ and all that follows 

4 through ‘‘(1)’’; and 

5 (2) by striking the semicolon and all that fol6 lows and inserting a period. 

7 (c) REGULATIONS.—Within 180 days after the date 

8 of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall 

9 prescribe regulations to implement the amendments made 

10 by this section. 

11 SEC. 4. REQUIREMENT THAT LICENSED FIREARMS DEAL12 ERS CONDUCT PHYSICAL CHECK OF THEIR 

13 FIREARMS BUSINESS INVENTORY. 

14 (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 923(g) of title 18, United 

15 States Code, is amended by adding at the end the fol16 lowing: 

17 ‘‘(8) Each licensee shall conduct a physical check of 

18 the firearms inventory of the business of the licensee li19 censed under this chapter, in accordance with regulations 

20 which shall be prescribed by the Attorney General.’’. 

21 (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The matter under 

22 the heading ‘‘BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS

23 AND EXPLOSIVES—SALARIES AND EXPENSES’’ in title II 

24 of division B of the Consolidated and Further Continuing 

25 Appropriations Act, 2013 (18 U.S.C. 923 note; Public 


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1 Law 113–6; 127 Stat. 247–248) is amended by striking 

2 the 5th proviso. 

3 (c) REGULATIONS.—Within 180 days after the date 

4 of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall 

5 prescribe regulations to implement section 923(g)(8) of 

6 title 18, United States Code. 

7 SEC. 5. ELIMINATION OF CERTAIN LIMITATIONS. 

8 (a) CONSOLIDATED AND FURTHER CONTINUING AP9 PROPRIATIONS ACT, 2012.—Title II of division B of the 

10 Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 

11 2012 (18 U.S.C. 923 note; Public Law 112–55; 125 Stat. 

12 609–610) is amended in the matter under the heading 

13 ‘‘BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS AND EX14 PLOSIVES—SALARIES AND EXPENSES’’ by striking the 1st, 

15 6th, and 7th provisos. 

16 (b) CONSOLIDATED APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2010.— 

17 Division B of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2010 

18 (Public Law 111–117) is amended— 

19 (1) in title II— 

20 (A) in the 6th proviso under the heading 

21 ‘‘BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS

22 AND EXPLOSIVES—SALARIES AND EXPENSES’’ 

23 by striking ‘‘beginning in fiscal year 2010 and 

24 thereafter’’ and inserting ‘‘in fiscal year 2010’’; 

25 and 


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1 (B) in the matter under the heading ‘‘BU2 REAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS AND

3 EXPLOSIVES—SALARIES AND EXPENSES’’ by 

4 striking the 7th proviso; and 

5 (2) in section 511, to read as follows: 

6 ‘‘SEC. 511. None of the funds appropriated pursuant 

7 to this Act or any other provision of law may be used for 

8 the implementation of any tax or fee in connection with 

9 the implementation of subsection 922(t) of title 18, United 

10 States Code.’’. 

11 (c) OMNIBUS APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2009.—Division 

12 B of the Omnibus Appropriations Act, 2009 (Public Law 

13 111–8) is amended— 

14 (1) in title II— 

15 (A) in the 6th proviso under the heading 

16 ‘‘BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS

17 AND EXPLOSIVES—SALARIES AND EXPENSES’’ 

18 by striking ‘‘beginning in fiscal year 2009 and 

19 thereafter’’ and inserting ‘‘in fiscal year 2009’’; 

20 and 

21 (B) in the matter under the heading ‘‘BU22 REAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS AND

23 EXPLOSIVES—SALARIES AND EXPENSES’’ by 

24 striking the 7th proviso; and 

25 (2) in section 511, to read as follows: 


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1 ‘‘SEC. 511. None of the funds appropriated pursuant 

2 to this Act or any other provision of law may be used for 

3 the implementation of any tax or fee in connection with 

4 the implementation of subsection 922(t) of title 18, United 

5 States Code.’’. 

6 (d) CONSOLIDATED APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2008.— 

7 Division B of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008 

8 (Public Law 110–161) is amended— 

9 (1) in title II— 

10 (A) in the 6th proviso under the heading 

11 ‘‘BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS

12 AND EXPLOSIVES—SALARIES AND EXPENSES’’ 

13 by striking ‘‘beginning in fiscal year 2008 and 

14 thereafter’’ and inserting ‘‘in fiscal year 2008’’; 

15 and 

16 (B) in the matter under the heading ‘‘BU17 REAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS AND

18 EXPLOSIVES—SALARIES AND EXPENSES’’ by 

19 striking the 7th proviso; and 

20 (2) in section 512, to read as follows: 

21 ‘‘SEC. 512. None of the funds appropriated pursuant 

22 to this Act or any other provision of law may be used for 

23 the implementation of any tax or fee in connection with 

24 the implementation of subsection 922(t) of title 18, United 

25 States Code.’’. 


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1 (e) SCIENCE, STATE, JUSTICE, COMMERCE, AND RE2 LATED AGENCIES APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2006.—The 

3 Science, State, Justice, Commerce, and Related Agencies 

4 Appropriations Act, 2006 (Public Law 109–108) is 

5 amended— 

6 (1) in title I— 

7 (A) in the 6th proviso under the heading 

8 ‘‘BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS

9 AND EXPLOSIVES—SALARIES AND EXPENSES’’ 

10 by striking ‘‘with respect to any fiscal year’’; 

11 and 

12 (B) in the matter under the heading ‘‘BU13 REAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS AND

14 EXPLOSIVES—SALARIES AND EXPENSES’’ by 

15 striking the 7th proviso; and 

16 (2) in section 611, to read as follows: 

17 ‘‘SEC. 611. None of the funds appropriated pursuant 

18 to this Act or any other provision of law may be used for 

19 the implementation of any tax or fee in connection with 

20 the implementation of subsection 922(t) of title 18, United 

21 States Code.’’. 

22 (f) CONSOLIDATED APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2005.— 

23 Division B of the Science, State, Justice, Commerce, and 

24 Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2005 (Public Law 

25 108–447) is amended— 


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1 (1) in title I— 

2 (A) in the 6th proviso under the heading 

3 ‘‘BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS

4 AND EXPLOSIVES—SALARIES AND EXPENSES’’ 

5 by striking ‘‘with respect to any fiscal year’’; 

6 and 

7 (B) in the matter under the heading ‘‘BU8 REAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS AND

9 EXPLOSIVES—SALARIES AND EXPENSES’’ by 

10 striking the 7th proviso; and 

11 (2) in section 615, to read as follows: 

12 ‘‘SEC. 615. None of the funds appropriated pursuant 

13 to this Act or any other provision of law may be used for 

14 the implementation of any tax or fee in connection with 

15 the implementation of subsection 922(t) of title 18, United 

16 States Code.’’. 

17 (g) CONSOLIDATED APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2004.— 

18 Division B of the Science, State, Justice, Commerce, and 

19 Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2004 (Public Law 

20 108–199) is amended— 

21 (1) in the matter under the heading ‘‘BUREAU

22 OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS AND EXPLO23 SIVES—SALARIES AND EXPENSES’’ by striking the 

24 7th proviso; and 

25 (2) in section 617(a), to read as follows: 


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1 ‘‘(a) None of the funds appropriated pursuant to this 

2 Act or any other provision of law may be used for the 

3 implementation of any tax or fee in connection with the 

4 implementation of subsection 922(t) of title 18, United 

5 States Code.’’. 

6 (h) CONSOLIDATED APPROPRIATIONS RESOLUTION, 

7 2003.—Division J of the Consolidated Appropriations 

8 Resolution, 2003 (5 U.S.C. 552 note; Public Law 108– 

9 7; 117 Stat. 473–474) is amended in section 644 by strik10 ing ‘‘or any other Act with respect to any fiscal year’’. 

Æ 


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