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                            Library & Multimedia
 From School Halls to Shopping Malls: Multilevel Predictors of Police Contact In and Out of School
NCJ Number
              307694
Journal

*Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency* Volume: 45 Issue: 5 Dated: 2022 Pages: 646-661
Author(s)
          Joshua H. Williams;
                        Mica Deckard;
                        Richard Rosenfeld
Date Published

2022
Length
              16 pages
Annotation
              This study examines predictors of police contact among youth in and out of school.
Abstract
              This study found that odds of school-based contact also increase when youth are less aware of school rules and perceive greater disorder. Among school-level characteristics, only officers responding to school problems is significantly associated with in-school contact. There is some consistency in individual-level factors associated with police contact across locations, particularly related to prior sanctions, but findings highlight potential mechanisms that vary across contexts. This study also provides evidence that some schoolwide responses may contribute to youth's likelihood of having police contact in school, but solutions should consider the fluidity of contact in schools and communities.  Individual- and school-level factors associated with youth being stopped, searched, or arrested in school are identified. Correlates of community-based contact are also examined. Longitudinal student surveys and corresponding school-level data come from 21 middle and high schools in 6 districts in St. Louis County, Missouri. Multilevel multinomial logistic regression was used to assess factors related to a three-category dependent variable, distinguishing youth with: (1) no police contact, (2) in-school contact, and (3) out-of-school contact. Independent variables capture student-level demographics, behavior, experiences, and perceptions and school-level characteristics and practices.  Factors associated with in-school contact include substance use, peer associations, prior contact, and prior school sanctions. (Published Abstract Provided)
      
  
          Additional Details
Grant Number(s)
        2015-CK-BX-0021


  
  
        
  Agencies
        NIJ-Sponsored


  
  
        
  Publication Type
        Research (Applied/Empirical)


  
  
        
  Award
        UMSL Comprehensive School Safety Initiative
    
  
  
Date Published: January 1, 2022
    
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