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                            Library & Multimedia
 Toward Locard's Exchange Principle: Recent Developments in Forensic Trace Evidence Analysis
NCJ Number
              252493
Journal

*Analytical Chemistry* Volume: 91 Issue: 1 Dated: 2019 Pages: 637-664
Author(s)
          Ewelina  Mistek;
                        Marisia A. Fikiet;
                        Shelby R. Khandasammy;
                        Igor K. Lednev
Date Published

November 2018
Length
              18 pages
Annotation
              This article identifies and profiles developments in forensic trace evidence analysis between 2016 and 2018, including improvements to existing techniques and the introduction of novel methods for the analysis of fibers, hair, paint, glass, gunshot residue (GSR), and explosives.
Abstract
              Such forensic analysis is based on Locard's exchange principle, which states that whenever two objects come into contact with one another, an exchange of materials occurs between them. This may lead to a connection between a suspect and a crime scene or a suspect and a victim, based on transferred fragments of materials. Overall, the article concludes that during the years examined, a variety of scientific tools alone or in combination have demonstrated potential for improving the field of trace evidence examination. Analytical chemistry has made advances in developing and implementing new forensic methods. Recent work on physical evidence analysis has focused on improving the existing technologies and developing novel approaches for examination. There has been movement toward non-destructive, in-field analysis of trace evidence materials; however, in cases where extraction is required, chromatography is still used. Chemometric approaches were found to be useful in recent research, mostly in combination with spectroscopic methods. Many emerging technologies for the forensic examination of trace evidence materials are noted in this article. Spectroscopy has multiple advantages due to its potential for non-destructive analyses. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging have played an important role in forensic science. Non-invasive hair examination has used ATR FT-IR spectroscopy. Regarding GSR evidence, the authors of this article are involved in applying hyperspectral imaging for the detection of GSR particles. One of the most advantageous techniques for the analysis of explosives is being developed by the Asher group. Micro-SORS technology has been used to examine paint evidence. 10 figures and 233 references
      
  
          Additional Details
Grant Number(s)
        2017-R2-CX-0006
                                2016-DN-BX-0166


  
  
        
  Agencies
        NIJ-Sponsored


  
  
        
  Publication Type
        Report (Technical Assistance)
                                Report (Grant Sponsored)
                                Program/Project Description


  
  
        
  Award
        Vibrational Spectroscopy of Gunshot Residue
                                Identification and Analysis of Body Fluid Traces Using ATR FT-IR Spectroscopy
    
  
  
Date Published: November 1, 2018
    
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