U.S. flag
      An official website of the United States government, Department of Justice.
        Here's how you know
      Here's how you know**Official websites use .gov**
            
            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
      **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
            
            A **lock** (
            A locked padlock
            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Menu

      
        close

            
            
                                              About NIJ
        
                    
  
          About NIJ
      
    
          The NIJ Director
          How NIJ Is Organized
          Mission and Guiding Principles
          Research and Development Process
          Strategic Framework
          Assessments of NIJ
          Annual Reports & Reports to Congress
          Staff Directory
          Funding & Awards
        
                    
  
          Funding & Awards
      
    
          Current Funding
          Forthcoming Funding
          Expired Funding
          Awards: Listing of Funded Projects
          Guidance for Applicants and Awardees
          Fellowship & Student Programs
          Travel Scholarships
          NIJ Challenge Program
          Library & Multimedia
        
                    
  
          Library & Multimedia
      
    
          NIJ Journal
          Podcasts
          Publications Listing
          Multimedia Listing
          Rated Practices on CrimeSolutions
          Rated Programs on CrimeSolutions
          Software & Databases
          Datasets
          Patents
          Topics
        
                    
  
          Topics
      
    
          Article Listing
          Corrections
          Courts
          Crime Prevention
          Crimes
          Drugs and Crime
          Equipment and Technology
          Forensic Sciences
          Youth Justice
          Justice System Reform
          Law Enforcement
          Tribal Crime and Justice
          Victims of Crime
          Events
        
                    
  
          Events
      
    
          NIJ 2024 Research Conference
          Scheduled Events
          On-Demand Events
          Research Meetings & Workshops
          NIJ-Hosted Online Training

                            
                                About
          Contact Us
          Subscribe
          Topics A-Z
                  Share
FacebookXLinkedInRedditPinterestEmail Home
                            Library & Multimedia
 Report on the Third International Law Enforcement Forum: Minimal Force Options and Less-Lethal Technologies
NCJ Number
              232752

Date Published

February 2004
Length
              197 pages
Annotation
              This report summarizes discussions and associated conclusions of the 2004 (Third) International Law Enforcement Forum (ILEF) on Minimal Force Options and Less-Lethal Technologies.
Abstract
              The third ILEF has shown the extent to which law enforcement agencies from the countries represented (United Kingdom, Canada, the United States, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and New Zealand) are all adopting broadly similar approaches in the weapons and technologies they are using or testing; however, there are difference in the approaches to testing, evaluation, and system selection. The Forum addressed many issues related to less-lethal concepts, technologies, and their deployment. The delegates addressed less-lethal weapons (LLW) database development and resource sharing; effectiveness and injury potential; tactics and use; and common standards for development, testing, training, and operational use. This report lists the LLWs being used by many of the agencies to equip routine operational patrol officers and specialist tactical units. Among the 14 recommendations that emerged from the workshops and conference discussions were those that pertained to the development of an international consensus on LLW operational requirements; clear operational requirement for manufacturers; technology standardization; terminology standardization; development of ILEF standards for review by all ILEF members; the identification of desired effects and outcomes for LLWs; and descriptions and provision of measures of LLW effectiveness. Other recommendations pertain to the incorporation of psychological criteria into operational requirements, the sharing of information and data, medical data access, literature review, development/adaptation of an injury model, conflict management, and the development and promotion of the ILEF. Workshop and conference discussions are included in the report, along with special remarks and workshop presentation slides. Appended workshop and conference agendas, focus questions, attendee list, and LLW definitions and operational test criteria
      
  
          Additional Details
Grant Number(s)
        2004-IJ-CX-K040


  
  
        
  Agencies
        NIJ-Sponsored


  
  
        
  Publication Type
        Conference Material


  
  
        
  Award
        Less-Lethal Weapon Technology Review and Operational Needs Assessment
    
  
  
Date Published: February 1, 2004
    
          Downloads
        
                      PDF

Side navigation
  

        

  
  
              NIJ Journal
    
      
            
            
            
      Podcasts
    
      
            
            
            
      Publications Listing
    
      
            
            
            
      Multimedia Listing
    
      
            
            
            
      Rated Practices on CrimeSolutions
    
      
            
            
            
      Rated Programs on CrimeSolutions
    
      
            
            
            
      Software & Databases
    
      
            
            
            
      Datasets
    
      
            
            
            
      PatentsRelated Topics
        
                International law enforcement cooperation
        Less lethal technologies
        NIJ Final Report
        Patrol
        Police weapons



  
Similar Publications
        
                      Predicting Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Public Safety Officers: Implications of Sleep Disturbance, Emotional Support, and Stigma
                  Updating, subtyping, and perceptions of the police: Implications of police contact for youths' perceptions of procedural justice
                  Five Things About the Role of Social Networks in Domestic Radicalization
 Top

      National Institute of Justice

        
        
                        About NIJ
                    About NIJ
      
    
                  How NIJ Is Organized
      
    
                  NIJ Director
      
    
                  Research Disclaimer
      
    
                  Funding & Awards
                    Funding & Awards Home
      
    
                  Awards Listing
      
    
                  Current Funding
      
    
                  Guidance for Applicants and Awardees
      
    
                  Resources
                    Events
      
    
                  Podcasts
      
    
                  Publications
      
    
                  Topics
      
    
                  Multimedia
      
    
                  Reuse Policy
      
    
                  Contacts
                    Contact NIJ
      
    
                  Staff Directory
      
    
                  Submit a FOIA Request
      
    
                  File a Civil Rights ComplaintFacebook
          
                      X
          
                      YouTube
  

      810 7th St. NW, Washington, D.C. 20531
      
              Secondary Footer link menu
            Accessibility
              Plain Language
              Privacy Policy
              Legal Policies and Disclaimer
              No FEAR Act
              Freedom of Information Act
              USA.gov
              Justice.gov