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                            Library & Multimedia
 Quantifying the Degree of Bruise Visibility Observed Under White Light and an Alternate Light Source
NCJ Number
              304877
Journal

*Journal of Forensic Nursing* Volume: 17 Issue: 1 Dated: 2021 Pages: 24-33
Author(s)
          K. N. Scafide;
                        et al
Date Published

2021
Length
              10 pages
Annotation
              The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate reliability and validity of the Bruise Visibility Scale for documenting bruises visualized in normal (white) light and the Absorption Visibility Scale for documenting bruises visualized using an alternate light source (ALS).
Abstract
              In the current study, bruises were induced using a paintball on the upper arms of 157 participants stratified into six skin color categories. Bruises were visualized 21 times over 4 weeks under white light and 10 ALS wavelength/goggle color combinations. Bruise size was measured using a metric ruler; bruise color was measured using a spectrophotometer. Interrater reliability was calculated using kappa and intraclass correlations coefficients. Construct validity was evaluated using generalized linear mixed modeling of associations between bruise size and color with both visibility scales. Interrater agreement for bruise detection was over 90% for all but two ALS wavelength/goggle combinations. Kappa values indicated adequate interrater agreement under white light (κ = 0.76) and ALS (κ = 0.78). The visibility scale intraclass correlation coefficients were .91 for normal light and .93 for ALS. Statistical modeling showed greater bruise size was associated with higher visibility using either scale, and greater contrast in color or lightness was associated with higher Bruise Visibility Scale values. Both visibility scales showed satisfactory reliability and validity. Forensic nurses can use the scales to consistently document bruises. (Publisher Abstract Provided)
      
  
          Additional Details
Grant Number(s)
        2016-DN-BX-0147


  
  
        
  Agencies
        NIJ-Sponsored


  
  
        
  Award
        Analysis of Alternative Light in the Detection and Visibility of Cutaneous Bruises
    
  
  
Date Published: January 1, 2021
    
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