Exhibit 10.19


 


SECURITIES
PURCHASE AGREEMENT


 


This Securities Purchase
Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of February [ ], 2020, between SenesTech, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the “Company”), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors
and assigns, a “Purchaser” and collectively the “Purchasers”).


 


WHEREAS, subject to
the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the Company desires to issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each
Purchaser, severally and not jointly, desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in
this Agreement.


 


NOW, THEREFORE, IN
CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and
adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agree as follows:


 


ARTICLE I.

DEFINITIONS


 


1.1 
Definitions. In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following
terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1:


 


“Acquiring Person”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.5.


 


“Action”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(j).


 


“Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common
control with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.


 


“Auditor”
means M&K CPAS, PLLC.


 


“Board
of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.


 


“Business
Day” means any day except any Saturday, any Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the United States or
any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or required by law or other governmental action to
close.


 


“Class
A Units” means each Class A unit consisting of (a) one Share, and (b) one Series A Warrant to purchase one (1) share
of Common Stock.


 


“Class
A Unit Purchase Price” equals $[ ] per each Class A Unit, subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits,
stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement
and prior to the Closing Date.


 






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“Class
B Units” means each Class B unit consisting of (a) one Pre-Funded Warrant to initially purchase one Pre-Funded Warrant
Share, and (b) one Series A Warrant to purchase one (1) share of Common Stock.


 


“Class
B Unit Purchase Price” equals $[ ] per each Class B Unit, subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits,
stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement
and prior to the Closing Date.


 


“Closing”
means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.1.


 


“Closing
Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable
parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchasers’ obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii)
the Company’s obligations to deliver the Securities, in each case, have been satisfied or waived, but in no event later than
the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date hereof.


 


“Commission”
means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.


 


“Common
Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share, and any other class of securities into which
such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.


 


“Common
Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to
acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument
that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common
Stock.


 


“Company
Counsel” means Perkins Coie LLP, with offices located at 1120 NW Couch Street, 10th Floor, Portland, Oregon
97209.


 


“Disclosure
Schedules” means the Disclosure Schedules of the Company delivered concurrently herewith.


 


“Disclosure
Time” means, (i) if this Agreement is signed on a day that is not a Trading Day or after 9:00 a.m. (New York City time)
and before midnight (New York City time) on any Trading Day, 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following
the date hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent, and (ii) if this Agreement is signed
between midnight (New York City time) and 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, no later than 9:01 a.m. (New York
City time) on the date hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent.


 


“EPA”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(hh).


 






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“Evaluation
Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(s).


 


“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.


 


“Exempt
Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock or options to employees, officers, consultants or directors
of the Company pursuant to any equity plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non-employee members of the Board
of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered
to the Company; provided, however, any such issuances to consultants will not exceed, in the aggregate, $500,000 of Common Stock
or options, (b) securities upon the exercise or exchange of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other securities exercisable
or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that
such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease
the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection with stock splits or combinations)
or to extend the term of such securities, and (c) securities issued pursuant to acquisitions or strategic transactions approved
by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company, provided that such securities are issued as “restricted securities”
(as defined in Rule 144) and carry no registration rights that require or permit the filing of any registration statement in connection
therewith during the prohibition period in Section 4.12(a) herein, and provided that any such issuance will only be to a Person
(or to the equityholders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset
in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and will provide to the Company additional benefits in addition to the
investment of funds, but will not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of
raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities and (d) up to approximately $[] million of
Units, including the shares of Common Stock, Pre-Funded Warrants and Series A Warrants issued to other purchasers pursuant to the
Prospectus concurrently with the Closing at the applicable Class A Unit Purchase Price or Class B Unit Purchase Price, less such
aggregate dollar amount of Units sold pursuant to this Agreement.


 


“FCPA”
means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.


 


“GAAP”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).


 


“Indebtedness”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(aa).


 


“Intellectual
Property Rights” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(p).


 


“Liens”
means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.


 






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“Lock-Up
Agreement” means the Lock-Up Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Company and the directors and officers,
in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.


 


“Material
Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1(b).


 


“Material
Permits” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(n).


 


“Person”
means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability
company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.


 


“Placement
Agent” means H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC.


 


“Pre-Funded
Warrants” means, collectively, the Pre-Funded Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing
in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Pre-Funded Warrants will be exercisable immediately and will expire when exercised
in full, in the form of Exhibit A-2 attached hereto.


 


“Pre-Funded
Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants.


 


“Preliminary
Prospectus” means the preliminary prospectus dated February [ ], 2020.


 


“Proceeding”
means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial
proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.


 


“Prospectus”
means the final prospectus to be filed pursuant to the Registration Statement.


 


“Purchaser
Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.8.


 


“Registration
Statement” means the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-236302) which registers
the sale of the Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares to the Purchasers, including all information, documents and exhibits
filed with or incorporated by reference into such registration statement.


 


“Required
Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(e).


 


“Rule
144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted
from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose
and effect as such Rule.


 






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“Rule
424” means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted
from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose
and effect as such Rule.


 


“SEC
Reports” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).


 


“Securities”
means the Units, the Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares.


 


“Securities
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.


 


“Series
A Warrants” means, collectively, the warrants to purchase Common Stock delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in
accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Series A Warrants will be exercisable at any time commencing on the issuance date
and through the fifth (5th) anniversary of the Closing Date, in the form of Exhibit A-1 attached hereto.


 


“Series
A Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Series A Warrants.


 


“Shares”
means the shares of Common Stock issued or issuable to each Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement.


 


“Short
Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but will
not be deemed to include locating and/or borrowing shares of Common Stock). 


 


“Studies”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(hh).


 


“Subscription
Amount” means, as to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Class A Units and/or Class B Units purchased
hereunder as specified below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription
Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.


 


“Subsidiary”
means any subsidiary of the Company as set forth on Schedule 3.1(a), and will, where applicable, also include any direct
or indirect subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the date hereof.


 


“Trading
Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.


 


“Trading
Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on
the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market or
the New York Stock Exchange (or any successors to any of the foregoing).


 






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“Transaction
Documents” means this Agreement, the Warrants, all exhibits and schedules thereto and hereto and any other documents
or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.


 


“Transfer
Agent” means Transfer Online, Inc., the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of 512 SE Salmon
Street, Portland, Oregon 97214, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.


 


“Units”
means, collectively, the Class A Units and the Class B Units.


 


“Warrants”
means, collectively, the Series A Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants.


 


“Warrant
Shares” means, collectively, the Series A Warrant Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares.


 


ARTICLE II.

PURCHASE AND SALE


 


2.1 Closing.
On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, the Company agrees to sell, and the Purchasers,
severally and not jointly, agree to purchase, up to an aggregate of approximately $[ ] million of Class A Units as determined pursuant
to Section 2.2(a); provided, however, that, to the extent that a Purchaser determines, in its sole discretion, that such Purchaser
(together with such Purchaser’s Affiliates, and any Person acting as a group together with such purchaser or any of such
Holder’s Affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (defined below), or as such
Purchaser may otherwise choose, in lieu of purchasing Class A Units such Purchaser may elect to purchase Class B Units at the Class
B Unit Purchase Price in lieu of Class A Units in such manner to result in the same aggregate purchase price being paid by such
Purchaser to the Company. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” will be 4.99% (or, at the election of the Purchaser,
9.99%) of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of the Securities
on the Closing Date. Each Purchaser’s Subscription Amount as set forth on the signature page hereto executed by such Purchaser
will be made available for “Delivery Versus Payment” (“DVP”) settlement with the Company or its
designees. The Company will deliver to each Purchaser its respective Shares or Pre-Funded Warrants (as applicable to such Purchaser)
and Series A Warrants as determined pursuant to Section 2.2(a), and the Company and each Purchaser will deliver the other items
set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at the Closing. Upon satisfaction of the covenants and conditions set forth in Sections 2.2
and 2.3, the Closing will occur at the offices of the Placement Agent or such other location as the parties mutually agree. Each
Purchaser acknowledges that, concurrently with the Closing and pursuant to the Prospectus, the Company may sell up to approximately
$[ ] million of additional Units to purchasers not party to this Purchase Agreement, less such aggregate dollar amount of Units
sold pursuant to this Agreement, and will issue to each such purchaser such additional shares of Common Stock and Series A Warrants
or Pre-Funded Warrants and Series A Warrants in the same form and at the same Class A Unit Purchase Price or Class B Unit Purchase
Price, as issued to a Purchaser hereunder. The Company covenants that, if the Purchaser delivers a Notice of Exercise (as defined
in the Pre-Funded Warrant) no later than 12:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Closing Date to exercise any Pre-Funded Warrants
between the date hereof and the Closing Date, and assuming the Company has received full payment of the Subscription Amount for
Class B Units of which such Pre-Funded Warrants comprise a part, the Company will deliver Pre-Funded Warrant Shares to the Purchaser
on the Closing Date in connection with such Notice of Exercise. Unless otherwise directed by the Placement Agent, settlement of
the Shares will occur via DVP (i.e., on the Closing Date, the Company will issue the Shares registered in the Purchasers’
names and addresses and released by the Transfer Agent directly to the account(s) at the Placement Agent identified by each Purchaser;
upon receipt of such Shares, the Placement Agent will promptly electronically deliver such Shares to the applicable Purchaser,
and payment therefor will be made by the Placement Agent (or its clearing firm) by wire transfer to the Company).


 






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2.2 Deliveries.


 


(a) On
or prior to the Closing Date, the Company will deliver or use it best efforts to cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following:


 


(i) this
Agreement duly executed by the Company;


 


(ii) a
legal opinion of Company Counsel, in a form reasonably acceptable to the Placement Agent and Purchasers;


 


(iii) the
Company will have provided each Purchaser with the Company’s wire instructions, on Company letterhead and executed by the
Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer;


 


(iv) the
Lock-Up Agreements;


 


(v) subject
to the last sentence of Section 2.1, a copy of the irrevocable instructions to the Transfer Agent instructing the Transfer Agent
to deliver on an expedited basis via The Depository Trust Company Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”)
Shares equal to the portion of such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount applicable to Class A Units divided by the Class A Unit
Purchase Price, registered in the name of such Purchaser;


 


(vi) for
each Purchaser of Class B Units, a Pre-Funded Warrant registered in the name of such Purchaser to purchase up to a number of shares
of Common Stock equal to the portion of such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount applicable to Class B Units divided by the Class
B Unit Purchase Price, with an exercise price equal to $[ ], subject to adjustment therein;


 


(vii) a
Series A Warrant registered in the name of each such Purchaser to purchase up to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to 100%
of the aggregate number of Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares underlying the Pre-Funded Warrants initially issuable on the
date hereof, if any, purchased by such Purchaser with an exercise price equal to $[ ], subject to adjustment therein; and


 






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(viii) the
Prospectus (which may be delivered in accordance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act); and


 


(ix) Comfort
Letters.


 


(A) Cold
Comfort Letter. At the time this Agreement is executed the Placement Agent shall have received a cold comfort letter from the
Auditor containing statements and information of the type customarily included in accountants’ comfort letters with respect
to the financial statements and certain financial information contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, addressed
to the Placement Agent, dated as of the date of this Agreement.


 


(B) Bring-down
Comfort Letter. At the Closing Date the Placement Agent shall have received from the Auditor a letter, dated as of the Closing
Date to the effect that the Auditor reaffirms the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to Section 2.2(a)(ix)(A) except
that the specified date referred to shall be a date not more than three (3) business days prior to the Closing Date.


 


(b) On
or prior to the Closing Date, each Purchaser will deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following:


 


(i) this
Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser; and


 


(ii) such
Purchaser’s Subscription Amount with regard to the Pre-Funded Warrants purchased by such Purchaser, if any, by wire transfer
to the account specified by the Company in Section 2.2(a)(iii) above, or as otherwise agreed by the Company and the Placement Agent;
and


 


(iii) such
Purchaser’s Subscription Amount with regard to the Shares purchased by such Purchaser, which will be made available for DVP
settlement with the Company or its designees.


 


2.3 Closing
Conditions.


 


(a) The
obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:


 


(i) the
accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse
Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained herein
(unless as of a specific date therein in which case they will be accurate as of such date);


 


(ii) all
obligations, covenants and agreements of each Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date will have been
performed; and


 






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(iii) the
delivery by each Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.


 


(b) The
respective obligations of the Purchasers hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being
met:


 


(i) the
accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse
Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein
(unless as of a specific date therein in which case they will be accurate as of such date);


 


(ii) all
obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date will have been performed;


 


(iii) the
delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement;


 


(iv) there
will have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof; and


 


(v) from
the date hereof to the Closing Date, trading in the Common Stock will not have been suspended by the Commission or the Company’s
principal Trading Market, and, at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg
L.P. will not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices will not have been established on securities whose trades are reported
by such service, or on any Trading Market, nor will a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States or New
York State authorities nor will there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international
calamity of such magnitude in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market which, in each case, in the
reasonable judgment of such Purchaser, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Securities at the Closing.


 


ARTICLE III.

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES


 


3.1 Representations
and Warranties of the Company. Except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedules, which Disclosure Schedules will be deemed a
part hereof and will qualify any representation or otherwise made herein to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding
section of the Disclosure Schedules, the Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser:


 


(a) Subsidiaries.
All of the direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company are set forth on Schedule 3.1(a). The Company owns, directly
or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the
issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free
of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. If the Company has no subsidiaries, all other references
to the Subsidiaries or any of them in the Transaction Documents will be disregarded.


 






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(b) Organization
and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly
existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power
and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company
nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation,
bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business
and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted
or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as
the case may be, would not have or reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity
or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects
or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect
on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document
(any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction
revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.


 


(c) Authorization;
Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder.
The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by
it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company
and no further action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection herewith
or therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals. This Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which
it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the
terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance
with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium
and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating
to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification
and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.


 






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(d) No
Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to
which it is a party, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate
or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default
(or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any
of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, anti-dilution
or similar adjustments (other than as described on Schedule 3.1(d)), acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice,
lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or
otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company
or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any
law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which
the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property
or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as would
not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.


 


(e) Filings,
Consents and Approvals. The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice
to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other
Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i)
the filings required pursuant to Section 4.4 of this Agreement, (ii) the filing with the Commission of the Prospectus, (iii) application(s)
to each applicable Trading Market for the listing of the Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares for trading thereon in the time
and manner required thereby and (iv) such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (collectively,
the “Required Approvals”).


 


(f) Issuance
of the Securities; Registration. The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable
Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the
Company. The Warrant Shares, when issued in accordance with the terms of the Warrants, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable,
free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company has reserved from its duly authorized capital stock the maximum
number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to this Agreement, the Series A Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants. The Securities,
when issued, will conform in all material respects to the descriptions thereof set forth in the Registration Statement and in the
Prospectus.  The Company has prepared and filed the Registration Statement in conformity with the requirements of the Securities
Act, which became effective on  [ ], 2020 (the “Effective Date”), including the Prospectus, and such amendments
and supplements thereto as may have been required to the date of this Agreement. The Registration Statement is effective under
the Securities Act and no stop order preventing or suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or suspending or
preventing the use of each of the Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus has been issued by the Commission and no proceedings
for that purpose have been instituted or, to the knowledge of the Company, are threatened by the Commission. The Company, if required
by the rules and regulations of the Commission, will file the Prospectus with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b). At the time
the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto became effective, at the date of this Agreement and at the Closing Date,
the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto conformed and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of
the Securities Act and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and the Prospectus and any amendments
or supplements thereto, at the time the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto was issued
and at the Closing Date, conformed and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and did
not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.


 






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(g) Capitalization.
Schedule 3.1(g) sets forth the outstanding capital stock of the Company, the aggregate number of unexercised warrants to
purchase Common Stock and the aggregate pool of employee equity awards granted, or available for grant, under the Company’s
equity plan. The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act,
other than under the Company’s equity plan or pursuant to the exercise of stock options under the Company’s equity
plan, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant
to the conversion and/or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report
under the Exchange Act. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right
to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as a result of the purchase and sale of the
Securities and except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g) or as described in SEC Reports, there are no outstanding options,
warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or
obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any
shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of any Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which
the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or
capital stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue
shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers). Except as set forth in Schedule 3.1(g),
there are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary with any provision that adjusts the exercise,
conversion, exchange or reset price of such security or instrument upon an issuance of securities by the Company or any Subsidiary.
There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions,
and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become
bound to redeem a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom
stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company
are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities
laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or
purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for
the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with
respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among
any of the Company’s stockholders.


 






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(h) SEC
Reports; Financial Statements. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required
to be filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof,
for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such
material) (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, together with
the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus, being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC Reports”) on
a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration
of any such extension. As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of
the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement
of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company has never been an issuer subject
to Rule 144(i) under the Securities Act. The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material
respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect
at the time of filing. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting
principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified
in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes
required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries
as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of
unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments.


 


(i) Material
Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included
within the SEC Reports, except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i) or as described in the SEC Reports, (i) there has been no
event, occurrence or development that has had or that would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii)
the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses and other
liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s
financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method
of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders
or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not
issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company equity plans. The Company
does not have pending before the Commission any request for confidential treatment of information. Except for the issuance of the
Securities contemplated by this Agreement or as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence
or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries
or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed
by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly
disclosed at least one Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.


 






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(j) Litigation.
Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(j) or as described in the SEC Reports, there is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of
violation, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company,
any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency
or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) which (i) adversely
affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities or (ii) would,
if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Except as set forth
on Schedule 3.1(j) or as described in the SEC Reports, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor, any director or officer
thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities
laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated,
any investigation by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission
has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or
any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.


 


(k) Labor
Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of
the Company, which would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’
employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe
that their relationships with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or
any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure
or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant
in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance
with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and
conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.


 






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(l) Compliance.
Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been
waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the
Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture,
loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is
bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any
court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation
of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental
protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as
would not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.


 


(m)Environmental
Laws.The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to
pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or
subsurface strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants,
contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment,
or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of
Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses,
notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“Environmental
Laws”); (ii) have received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws
to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or
approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply would be reasonably expected to have, individually
or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.


 


(n) Regulatory
Permits. The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal,
state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports,
except where the failure to possess such permits would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material
Permits”), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation
or modification of any Material Permit.


 






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(o) Title
to Assets. The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them
and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries,
in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for (i) Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not
materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries, and (ii) Liens
for the payment of federal, state or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made therefor in accordance with GAAP
and, the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by
the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the
Subsidiaries are in compliance, except where the failure to be in compliance would not be reasonably be expected to result in a
Material Adverse Effect.


 


(p) Intellectual
Property. The Company and the Subsidiaries have, or have rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark
applications, service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property rights
and similar rights necessary or required for use in connection with their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports
and which the failure to so have would have a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the “Intellectual Property Rights”).
Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that any of, the Intellectual Property Rights
has expired, terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be abandoned. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary
has received, since the date of the latest financial statements included within the SEC Reports, a written notice of a claim or
otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual Property Rights violate or infringe upon the rights of any Person, except as
would not have or reasonably be expected to not have a Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company, all such Intellectual
Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights.
The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all
of their intellectual properties, except where failure to do so would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected
to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no knowledge of any facts that would preclude it from having valid license rights
or clear title to the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company has no knowledge that it lacks or will be unable to obtain any
rights or licenses to use all Intellectual Property Rights that are necessary to conduct its business.


 


(q) Insurance.
The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and
in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including,
but not limited to, directors and officers insurance coverage at least equal to the aggregate Subscription Amount. Neither the
Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when
such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without
a significant increase in cost.


 






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(r) Transactions
With Affiliates and Employees. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(r) or as described in the SEC Reports, none of the
officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company
or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees,
officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or
by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money
to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity
in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder,
member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered,
(ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock option agreements
under any equity plan of the Company.


 


(s) Sarbanes-Oxley;
Internal Accounting Controls. The Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance, in all material respects, with any and all
applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable
rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date
except for violations that are set forth in the SEC Reports. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting
controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general
or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity
with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s
general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable
intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company and the Subsidiaries have established disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and the Subsidiaries and designed
such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files
or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s
rules and forms. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures
of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange
Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under
the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based
on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over
financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected,
or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.


 






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(t) Certain
Fees. Except as set forth in the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions
are or will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent,
investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchasers
will have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of
a type contemplated in this Section that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.


 


(u) Investment
Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will
not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as
amended. The Company will use good faith efforts to conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment
company” subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.


 


(v) Registration
Rights. No Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration under the Securities Act
of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary.


 


(w) Listing
and Maintenance Requirements. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the
Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration
of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating
such registration. Except as described in SEC Reports, the Company has not, in the twelve (12) months preceding the date hereof,
received notice from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company
is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. Except as described in the SEC Reports,
the Company is, and has no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance with all
such listing and maintenance requirements. The Common Stock is currently eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository
Trust Company or another established clearing corporation and the Company is current in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust
Company (or such other established clearing corporation) in connection with such electronic transfer.


 


(x) Application
of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render
inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement)
or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents)
or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or would become applicable to the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and
the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation,
as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchasers’ ownership of the Securities.


 






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(y) Disclosure.
Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company
confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Purchasers or their agents or counsel
with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise disclosed
in the Prospectus. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchasers will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting
transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchasers regarding
the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure
Schedules to this Agreement, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties
with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 3.2 hereof.


 


(z) No
Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2,
neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made
any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering
of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable shareholder approval provisions
of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.


 


(aa)Solvency.
Except as set forth in the Preliminary Prospectus and Prospectus and based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company
as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder,
(i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets exceeds the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect
of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company’s
assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including
its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated
and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with
the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses
of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid.
The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing
and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which
lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction
within one year from the Closing Date. To the extent not set forth in the latest audited financial statements included in the Preliminary
Prospectus or Prospectus, Schedule 3.1(aa) sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness
of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes of this Agreement,
“Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $50,000 (other than
trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations
in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance
sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions
in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $50,000 due under leases required
to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.


 






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(bb)Tax
Status. Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a
Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries each (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local
income and all foreign income and franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject,
(ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due
on such returns, reports and declarations and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of
all material taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid
taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company or
of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such claim.


 


(cc)Foreign
Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent
or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful
contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any
unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns
from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person
acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated in any material respect any
provision of FCPA.


 


(dd)Accountants.
The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm is M&K CPAS, PLLC. To the knowledge and belief of the Company,
such accounting firm (i) is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act and (ii) will express its opinion
with respect to the financial statements to be included in the Company’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ending December
31, 2019.


 


(ee)
Acknowledgment Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the
Purchasers is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the
transactions contemplated thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary
of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby
and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents
and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Securities. The Company
further represents to each Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents
has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.


 






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(ff)Acknowledgment
Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Anything in
this Agreement or elsewhere herein to the contrary notwithstanding (except for Sections 3.2(e) and 4.14 hereof), it is understood
and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) none of the Purchasers has been asked by the Company to agree, nor has any Purchaser
agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities
based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for
any specified term; (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation,
Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions,
may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities; (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties
in “derivative” transactions to which any such Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a
“short” position in the Common Stock, and (iv) each Purchaser will not
be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction.
The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) one or more Purchasers may engage in hedging activities at various
times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value
of the Warrant Shares deliverable with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) would
reduce the value of the existing stockholders’ equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities
are being conducted.  The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of
any of the Transaction Documents.


 


(gg)Regulation
M Compliance.  The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly,
any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate
the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases
of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any
other securities of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Company’s Placement
Agent in connection with the placement of the Securities.


 


(hh)Certain
Regulatory Matters. The studies, tests and trials (collectively, “Studies”) that are described in the SEC
Reports were and, if still pending, are being, conducted in all material respects in accordance with the protocols submitted to
the Environmental Protection Agency (the “EPA”) or any state, local or foreign governmental body exercising
comparable authority, procedures and controls pursuant to, where applicable, accepted professional and scientific standards, and
all applicable laws and regulations; the descriptions of the Studies conducted by or, to the Company’s knowledge, on behalf
of the Company, and the results thereof, contained in the SEC Reports are accurate and complete in all material respects; the Company
is not aware of any other Studies, the results of which call into question the results described in the SEC Reports; and the Company
has not received any written or oral notices or correspondence from the EPA, any foreign, state or local governmental body exercising
comparable authority or any institutional review board requiring the termination, suspension, material modification or hold of
any Studies conducted by or on behalf of the Company, other than ordinary course communications with respect to modifications in
connection with the design and implementation of such Studies.


 






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(ii) Equity
Plans. Each stock option granted by the Company under the Company’s equity plan was granted (i) in accordance with the
terms of the Company’s equity plan and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of the Common
Stock on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted under the
Company’s equity plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no Company
policy or practice to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of stock options with,
the release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their financial results
or prospects.


 


(jj)Office
of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any director, officer, agent,
employee or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of
Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).


 


(kk)U.S.
Real Property Holding Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the
meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company will so certify upon Purchaser’s
request.


 


(ll)Bank
Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act
of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the
“Federal Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly
or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent (25%)
or more of the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank
or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.


 


(mm)Money
Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with
applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970,
as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money
Laundering Laws”), and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any
arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of
the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.


 






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3.2 Representations
and Warranties of the Purchasers. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as
of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein, in which case they
will be accurate as of such date):


 


(a) Organization;
Authority. Such Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing
under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability
company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents
and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and
performance by such Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents have been duly authorized by all necessary
corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of such Purchaser. Each Transaction
Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with
the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance
with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium
and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating
to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification
and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.


 


(b) Understandings
or Arrangements. Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and has no direct or indirect
arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities (this representation
and warranty not limiting such Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement or otherwise
in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary
course of its business.


 


(c) Intentionally
Omitted.


 


(d) Experience
of Such Purchaser. Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and
experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment
in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk
of an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.


 






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(e) Access
to Information. Such Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including
all exhibits and schedules thereto) and the SEC Reports and has been afforded, (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it
has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the
offering of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company
and its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate
its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without
unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment. 
Such Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate of the Placement Agent has provided such
Purchaser with any information or advice with respect to the Securities nor is such information or advice necessary or desired. 
Neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate has made or makes any representation as to the Company or the quality of the Securities
and the Placement Agent and any Affiliate may have acquired non-public information with respect to the Company which such Purchaser
agrees need not be provided to it.  In connection with the issuance of the Securities to such Purchaser, neither the Placement
Agent nor any of its Affiliates has acted as a financial advisor or fiduciary to such Purchaser.


 


(f) Certain
Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, such Purchaser has not,
nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any
purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that
such Purchaser first received a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting
forth the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage
separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions
made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above will
only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase
the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement or to such Purchaser’s representatives,
including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners, legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates, such
Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence
and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein will constitute
a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to locating or borrowing shares in order to effect Short Sales
or similar transactions in the future.


 


The Company acknowledges
and agrees that the representations contained in this Section 3.2 will not modify, amend or affect such Purchaser’s right
to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties
contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this
Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt,
nothing contained herein will constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to locating or borrowing
shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.


 






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ARTICLE IV.

OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES


 


4.1Warrant
Shares. If all or any portion of a Warrant is exercised at a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover
the issuance or resale of the Warrant Shares or if the Warrant is exercised via cashless exercise and subject to compliance with
applicable federal and state securities laws, the Warrant Shares issued pursuant to any such exercise will be issued free of all
legends. If at any time following the date hereof the Registration Statement (or any subsequent registration statement registering
the sale or resale of the Warrant Shares) is not effective or is not otherwise available for the sale or resale of the Warrant
Shares, the Company will immediately notify the holders of the Warrants in writing that such registration statement is not then
effective and thereafter will promptly notify such holders when the registration statement is effective again and available for
the sale or resale of the Warrant Shares (it being understood and agreed that the foregoing will not limit the ability of the Company
to issue, or any Purchaser to sell, any of the Warrant Shares in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws).
The Company will use best efforts to keep a registration statement (including the Registration Statement) registering the issuance
or resale of the Warrant Shares effective during the term of the Warrants.


 


4.2 Furnishing
of Information. Until the earlier of the time that (i) no Purchaser owns Securities and (ii) the Warrants have expired, the
Company covenants to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports
required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act even if the Company is not then subject
to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.


 


4.3 Integration.
The Company will not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined
in Section 2 of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules
and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require shareholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction
unless shareholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.


 


4.4 Securities
Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company will (a) by the Disclosure Time, issue a press release disclosing the material terms
of the transactions contemplated hereby, and (b) file a Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Transaction Documents as exhibits
thereto, with the Commission within the time required by the Exchange Act. From and after the issuance of such press release, the
Company represents to the Purchasers that it will have publicly disclosed all material, non-public information delivered to any
of the Purchasers by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents
in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective upon the issuance of such
press release, the Company acknowledges and agrees that any and all confidentiality or similar obligations under any agreement,
whether written or oral, between the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees
or Affiliates on the one hand, and any of the Purchasers or any of their Affiliates on the other hand, will terminate. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the Company will not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser in any filing
with the Commission or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of such Purchaser, except (a)
as required by federal securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction Documents with the Commission and (b)
to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations, in which case the Company will provide the Purchasers
with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b).


 






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4.5 Shareholder
Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any
Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including
any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company,
or that any Purchaser would be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities
under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchasers.


 


4.6 Non-Public
Information. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents,
which will be disclosed pursuant to Section 4.4, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor any other Person acting
on its behalf will provide any Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that constitutes, or the Company reasonably
believes constitutes, material non-public information, unless prior thereto such Purchaser will have consented to the receipt of
such information and agreed with the Company to keep such information confidential. The Company understands and confirms that each
Purchaser will be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. To the extent that
the Company delivers any material, non-public information to a Purchaser without such Purchaser’s consent, the Company hereby
covenants and agrees that such Purchaser will not have any duty of confidentiality to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or
any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates, or a duty to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries
or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates not to trade on the basis of, such material, non-public
information, provided that the Purchaser will remain subject to applicable law. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant
to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries,
the Company will simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company understands
and confirms that each Purchaser will be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.


 


4.7 Use
of Proceeds. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.7 attached hereto, the Company will use the net proceeds from the sale
of the Securities hereunder for working capital purposes and will not use such proceeds: (a) for the satisfaction of any portion
of the Company’s debt (other than payment of trade payables in the ordinary course of the Company’s business and prior
practices), (b) for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) for the settlement of any outstanding litigation
or (d) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations.


 






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4.8 Indemnification
of Purchasers. Subject to the provisions of this Section 4.8, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its directors,
officers, shareholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a
Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls such Purchaser (within
the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, shareholders,
agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles
notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”)
harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments,
amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation that any such Purchaser
Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or
agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents or (b) any action instituted against the
Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is not
an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless
such action is solely based upon a material breach of such Purchaser Party’s representations, warranties or covenants under
the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may have with any such stockholder or any violations
by such Purchaser Party of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser Party which is finally judicially
determined to constitute fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct). If any action shall be brought against any Purchaser Party
in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party will promptly notify the Company in
writing, and the Company will have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable
to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party will have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in
the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel will be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except to the extent
that (x) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (y) the Company has failed after a
reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (z) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion
of counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser Party,
in which case the Company will be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel. The
Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (1) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without
the Company’s prior written consent, which will not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (2) to the extent, but only to
the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of the representations,
warranties, covenants or agreements made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents. The indemnification
required by this Section 4.8 will be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or
defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein will be in addition to any cause
of action or similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject
to pursuant to law.


 


4.9 Reservation
of Common Stock. As of the date hereof, the Company has reserved and the Company will continue to reserve and keep available
at all times, free of preemptive rights, a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of enabling the Company
to issue Shares pursuant to this Agreement, Series A Warrant Shares pursuant to any exercise of the Series A Warrants and Pre-Funded
Warrant Shares pursuant to any exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants.


 






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4.10 Listing
of Common Stock. The Company hereby agrees to use best efforts to maintain the listing or quotation of the Common Stock on
the Trading Market on which it is currently, and concurrently with the Closing, the Company will apply to list or quote all of
the Shares, Series A Warrant Shares and Pre-Funded Warrant Shares on such Trading Market and promptly secure the listing of all
of the Shares, Series A Warrant Shares and Pre-Funded Warrant Shares on such Trading Market. The Company further agrees, if the
Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any other Trading Market, it will then include in such application all of the
Shares, the Series A Warrant Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause
all of the Shares, the Series A Warrant Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market
as promptly as possible. The Company will then take all action reasonably necessary to continue the listing and trading of its
Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations
under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic
transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely
payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic
transfer.


 


4.11 Intentionally
Omitted.


 


4.12 Subsequent
Equity Sales.


 


(a) From
the date hereof until ninety (90) days after the Closing Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary will issue, enter into any
agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents.


 


(b) Notwithstanding
the foregoing, this Section 4.12 will not apply in respect of an Exempt Issuance.


 


4.13 
Intentionally Omitted.


 


4.14 Certain
Transactions and Confidentiality. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that neither
it nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including
Short Sales of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending
at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release
as described in Section 4.4.  Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that until such
time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release
as described in Section 4.4, such Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and
the information included in the Disclosure Schedules. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and notwithstanding anything contained
in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation,
warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described
in Section 4.4, (ii) no Purchaser will be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company
in accordance with applicable securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are
first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4 and (iii) no Purchaser will have any
duty of confidentiality or duty not to trade in the securities of the Company to the Company or its Subsidiaries after the issuance
of the initial press release as described in Section 4.4.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that
is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets
and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions
of such Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above will only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by
the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement.


 






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4.15 Intentionally
Omitted.


 


4.16 Lock-Up
Agreements. The Company will enforce the terms of the Lock-Up Agreements and not agree to any amendment to, or modification
of, the Lock-Up Agreements absent the prior written consent of the Placement Agent.


 


4.17 Exercise
Procedures. The form of Notice of Exercise included in the Warrants set forth the totality of the procedures required of the
Purchasers in order to exercise the Warrants. No additional legal opinion, other information or instructions will be required of
the Purchasers to exercise their Warrants. Without limiting the preceding sentences, no ink-original Notice of Exercise will be
required, nor will any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise form be required
in order to exercise the Warrants. The Company will honor exercises of the Warrants and will deliver Warrant Shares in accordance
with the terms, conditions and time periods set forth in the Transaction Documents.


 


ARTICLE V.

MISCELLANEOUS


 


5.1 Termination. 
This Agreement may be terminated by any Purchaser, as to such Purchaser’s obligations hereunder only and without any effect
whatsoever on the obligations between the Company and the other Purchasers, by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing
has not been consummated on or before the fifth (5th) Trading Day following the date hereof; provided, however,
that no such termination will affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).


 


5.2 Fees
and Expenses. Except as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party will pay the fees and
expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident
to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company will pay all Transfer Agent
fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company
and any exercise notice delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery
of any Securities to the Purchasers.


 






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5.3 Entire
Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, the Preliminary Prospectus and the
Prospectus, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede
all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been
merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.


 


5.4 Notices.
Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder will be in writing and
will be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered
via facsimile at the facsimile number or email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto
at or prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the time of transmission, if such
notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number or email attachment at the email address as set forth
on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading
Day, (c) the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight
courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices
and communications will be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant
to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries,
the Company will simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K.


 


5.5 Amendments;
Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed,
in the case of an amendment, by the Company and Purchasers which purchased at least 50.1% in interest of the sum of (i) the Class
A Units and (ii) Class B Units initially issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants based on the initial Subscription Amounts
hereunder or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought, provided that
if any amendment, modification or waiver disproportionately and adversely impacts a Purchaser (or group of Purchasers), the consent
of such disproportionately impacted Purchaser (or group of Purchasers) will also be required. No waiver of any default with respect
to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement will be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver
of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor will any delay or omission of
any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right. Any proposed amendment or waiver
that disproportionately, materially and adversely affects the rights and obligations of any Purchaser relative to the comparable
rights and obligations of the other Purchasers will require the prior written consent of such adversely affected Purchaser. Any
amendment effected in accordance with this Section 5.5 will be binding upon each Purchaser and holder of Securities and the Company.


 


5.6 Headings.
The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and will not be deemed to limit or affect
any of the provisions hereof.


 


5.7 Successors
and Assigns. This Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted
assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of
each Purchaser (other than by merger). Any Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to
whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect
to the transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the “Purchasers.”


 






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5.8 No
Third-Party Beneficiaries. The Placement Agent will be the third party beneficiary of the representations and warranties of
the Company in Section 3.1 and the representations and warranties of the Purchasers in Section 3.2 and the covenants in Section
4.16. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and
is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section
4.8, Section 4.16 and this Section 5.8.


 


5.9 Governing
Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents will
be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the
principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement
and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party
hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders, partners, members, employees or agents) will be commenced
exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive
jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any
dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect
to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action
or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such Action or Proceeding
is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and
consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or
overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and
agrees that such service will constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein will
be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party will commence an Action
or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company under
Section 4.8, the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding will be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable
attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action
or Proceeding.


 


5.10 Survival.
The representations and warranties contained herein will survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.


 


5.11 Execution.
This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together will be considered one and the same
agreement and will become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being
understood that the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission
or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf” format data file, such signature will create a valid and binding obligation of the
party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf”
signature page were an original thereof.


 






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5.12 Severability.
If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal,
void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein will remain in full
force and effect and will in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto will use their commercially reasonable
efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such
term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would
have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared
invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.


 


5.13 Rescission
and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of)
any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction
Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then such Purchaser
may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand
or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that in the case of a rescission
of an exercise of a Warrant, the applicable Purchaser will be required to return any shares of Common Stock subject to any such
rescinded exercise notice concurrently with the return to such Purchaser of the aggregate exercise price paid to the Company for
such shares and the restoration of such Purchaser’s right to acquire such shares pursuant to such Purchaser’s Warrant
(including, issuance of a replacement warrant certificate evidencing such restored right).


 


5.14 Replacement
of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company
will issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or
in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory
to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction. The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances will
also pay any reasonable third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement Securities.


 


5.15 Remedies.
In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of
the Purchasers and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that
monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the
Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation
the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.


 






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5.16 Payment
Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document
or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or
exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from,
disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person
under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action),
then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied will be revived and
continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.


 


5.17 Independent
Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several
and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser will be responsible in any way for the performance
or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any
other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, will be deemed to constitute the Purchasers
as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are
in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction
Documents. Each Purchaser will be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights including, without limitation, the rights
arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it will not be necessary for any other Purchaser to
be joined as an additional party in any Proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal
counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. For reasons of administrative convenience only, each Purchaser
and its respective counsel have chosen to communicate with the Company through the legal counsel of the Placement Agent. The legal
counsel of the Placement Agent does not represent any of the Purchasers and only represents the Placement Agent. The Company has
elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because
it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained
in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the Company
and the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers.


 


5.18Saturdays,
Sundays, Holidays, etc.If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required
or granted herein will not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding
Business Day.


 


5.19 Construction.
The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction
Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting
party will not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and
every reference to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document will be subject to adjustment for reverse
and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after
the date of this Agreement.


 






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5.20 WAIVER
OF JURY TRIAL. IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY, THE
PARTIES EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY,
IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY. 


 


(Signature Pages Follow)


 




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IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories
as of the date first indicated above.


 


	SENESTECH, INC.	Address for Notice:


 


	By:	 	 	Fax:
	 	Name:	 	E-mail:
	 	Title:	 	 


 


With a copy to (which will not constitute notice):


Christopher Hall


Perkins Coie LLP


1120 NW Couch Street


10th Floor


Portland, Oregon 97209




 


 


 


[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK


SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]


 




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[PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGES TO SNES SECURITIES
PURCHASE AGREEMENT]


 


IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as
of the date first indicated above.


 


Name of Purchaser: ______________________________________________________


 


Signature of Authorized Signatory of
Purchaser: _________________________________


 


Name of Authorized Signatory: _______________________________________________


 


Title of Authorized Signatory: ________________________________________________


 


Email Address of Authorized Signatory:_________________________________________


 


Facsimile Number of Authorized Signatory: __________________________________________


 


Address for Notice to Purchaser:


 


Address for Delivery of Warrants to Purchaser (if not same as
address for notice):


 


DWAC for Shares:


 


Subscription Amount: $_________________


 


Class A Units: _________________


 


Shares: _________________


 


Series A Warrant Shares (Common Stock):
______________


 


Class B Units: _______________


 


Pre-Funded Warrants:_________________


 


Series A Warrant Shares (Common Stock):
______________


 


EIN Number: ____________________


 


☐ Notwithstanding anything
contained in this Agreement to the contrary, by checking this box (i) the obligations of the above-signed to purchase the
securities set forth in this Agreement to be purchased from the Company by the above-signed, and the obligations of the
Company to sell such securities to the above-signed, shall be unconditional and all conditions to Closing shall be
disregarded, (ii) the Closing shall occur by the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date of this Agreement and (iii) any
condition to Closing contemplated by this Agreement (but prior to being disregarded by clause (i) above) that required
delivery by the Company or the above-signed of any agreement, instrument, certificate or the like or purchase price (as
applicable) shall no longer be a condition and shall instead be an unconditional obligation of the Company or the
above-signed (as applicable) to deliver such agreement, instrument, certificate or the like or purchase price (as applicable)
to such other party on the Closing Date.


 


[SIGNATURE PAGES CONTINUE]


 




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Exhibit A-1


 


Form of Series A Warrant


 




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Exhibit A-2


 


Form of Pre-Funded Warrant


 




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Exhibit B


 


Form of Lock-Up Agreement




 


 


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