U.S. flag
      An official website of the United States government, Department of Justice.
        Here's how you know
      Here's how you know**Official websites use .gov**
            
            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
      **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
            
            A **lock** (
            A locked padlock
            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Menu

      
        close

            
            
                                              About NIJ
        
                    
  
          About NIJ
      
    
          The NIJ Director
          How NIJ Is Organized
          Mission and Guiding Principles
          Research and Development Process
          Strategic Framework
          Assessments of NIJ
          Annual Reports & Reports to Congress
          Staff Directory
          Funding & Awards
        
                    
  
          Funding & Awards
      
    
          Current Funding
          Forthcoming Funding
          Expired Funding
          Awards: Listing of Funded Projects
          Guidance for Applicants and Awardees
          Fellowship & Student Programs
          Travel Scholarships
          NIJ Challenge Program
          Library & Multimedia
        
                    
  
          Library & Multimedia
      
    
          NIJ Journal
          Podcasts
          Publications Listing
          Multimedia Listing
          Rated Practices on CrimeSolutions
          Rated Programs on CrimeSolutions
          Software & Databases
          Datasets
          Patents
          Topics
        
                    
  
          Topics
      
    
          Article Listing
          Corrections
          Courts
          Crime Prevention
          Crimes
          Drugs and Crime
          Equipment and Technology
          Forensic Sciences
          Youth Justice
          Justice System Reform
          Law Enforcement
          Tribal Crime and Justice
          Victims of Crime
          Events
        
                    
  
          Events
      
    
          NIJ 2024 Research Conference
          Scheduled Events
          On-Demand Events
          Research Meetings & Workshops
          NIJ-Hosted Online Training

                            
                                About
          Contact Us
          Subscribe
          Topics A-Z
                  Share
FacebookXLinkedInRedditPinterestEmail Home
                            Library & Multimedia
 Real-time location fingerprinting for mobile devices in an indoor prison setting
NCJ Number
              305715

Author(s)
          Nicolas Smith;
                        Logan Smith;
                        Surya Kodipaka;
                        Ajaya Dahal;
                        Bo Tang;
                        John E. Ball;
                        Maxwell Young
Date Published

May 2021
Annotation
              This conference presentation discusses research addressing the problem faced by correctional facilities of the smuggling of cell phones and other wireless devices into prison walls.
Abstract
              The authors seek to resolve the problem faced by correctional facilities of regarding the smuggling of cell phones and other wireless devices. They chose to use cell phones of varying models and multiple low-cost software-defined radios (SDRs) in order to map intercepted signals to indoor locations within a few-meter radius. The different types of cell phones provided them with a robust dataset for location fingerprinting due to the different transmitter hardware in each device. The SDRs allowed researchers to receive raw IQ (inphase and quadrature) data from WiFi signals while being more cost-efficient for smaller facilities. That raw data was collected from a prison-like environment in a grid pattern and associated with the location where the signals were captured. The authors used an advanced machine learning network to use the raw signals as input and locations as labels, in order to map the signals to their respective locations. They compared accuracy of their system against related work previously done on this topic. The authors augmented their own original input with values such as channel state information and received signal strength indicator, and measured their effect on the system’s overall performance. The results provide prisons with a tool capable of locating unauthorized devices in zones for confiscation.
      
  
          Additional Details
Grant Number(s)
        2018-75-CX-K002


  
  
        
  Agencies
        NIJ-Sponsored


  
  
        
  Publication Type
        Research (Applied/Empirical)


  
  
        
  Award
        RF Fingerprinting for Contraband Wireless Devices Identification, Detection and Tracking in Correctional Facilities.
    
  
  
Date Published: May 1, 2021
    
          Downloads
        
                      HTML

Related Datasets
        
                      https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR38650.v1
Side navigation
  

        

  
  
              NIJ Journal
    
      
            
            
            
      Podcasts
    
      
            
            
            
      Publications Listing
    
      
            
            
            
      Multimedia Listing
    
      
            
            
            
      Rated Practices on CrimeSolutions
    
      
            
            
            
      Rated Programs on CrimeSolutions
    
      
            
            
            
      Software & Databases
    
      
            
            
            
      Datasets
    
      
            
            
            
      PatentsRelated Topics
        
                Correctional facilities
        Adult correctional facilities
        Location
        Smuggling/trafficking
        Cell Phones



  
Similar Publications
        
                      The Application of Amplicon Length Heterogeneity PCR (LH-PCR) for Monitoring the Dynamics of Soil Microbial Communities Associated With cadaver decomposition
                  Coping with incarceration: examining the longitudinal relationship between individual coping styles and mental health outcomes
                  Disparities in Segregation for Prison Control: Comparing Long Term Solitary Confinement to Short Term Disciplinary Restrictive Housing
 Top

      National Institute of Justice

        
        
                        About NIJ
                    About NIJ
      
    
                  How NIJ Is Organized
      
    
                  NIJ Director
      
    
                  Research Disclaimer
      
    
                  Funding & Awards
                    Funding & Awards Home
      
    
                  Awards Listing
      
    
                  Current Funding
      
    
                  Guidance for Applicants and Awardees
      
    
                  Resources
                    Events
      
    
                  Podcasts
      
    
                  Publications
      
    
                  Topics
      
    
                  Multimedia
      
    
                  Reuse Policy
      
    
                  Contacts
                    Contact NIJ
      
    
                  Staff Directory
      
    
                  Submit a FOIA Request
      
    
                  File a Civil Rights ComplaintFacebook
          
                      X
          
                      YouTube
  

      810 7th St. NW, Washington, D.C. 20531
      
              Secondary Footer link menu
            Accessibility
              Plain Language
              Privacy Policy
              Legal Policies and Disclaimer
              No FEAR Act
              Freedom of Information Act
              USA.gov
              Justice.gov