U.S. flag
      An official website of the United States government, Department of Justice.
        Here's how you know
      Here's how you know**Official websites use .gov**
            
            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
      **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
            
            A **lock** (
            A locked padlock
            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Menu

      
        close

            
            
                                              About NIJ
        
                    
  
          About NIJ
      
    
          The NIJ Director
          How NIJ Is Organized
          Mission and Guiding Principles
          Research and Development Process
          Strategic Framework
          Assessments of NIJ
          Annual Reports & Reports to Congress
          Staff Directory
          Funding & Awards
        
                    
  
          Funding & Awards
      
    
          Current Funding
          Forthcoming Funding
          Expired Funding
          Awards: Listing of Funded Projects
          Guidance for Applicants and Awardees
          Fellowship & Student Programs
          Travel Scholarships
          NIJ Challenge Program
          Library & Multimedia
        
                    
  
          Library & Multimedia
      
    
          NIJ Journal
          Podcasts
          Publications Listing
          Multimedia Listing
          Rated Practices on CrimeSolutions
          Rated Programs on CrimeSolutions
          Software & Databases
          Datasets
          Patents
          Topics
        
                    
  
          Topics
      
    
          Article Listing
          Corrections
          Courts
          Crime Prevention
          Crimes
          Drugs and Crime
          Equipment and Technology
          Forensic Sciences
          Youth Justice
          Justice System Reform
          Law Enforcement
          Tribal Crime and Justice
          Victims of Crime
          Events
        
                    
  
          Events
      
    
          NIJ 2024 Research Conference
          Scheduled Events
          On-Demand Events
          Research Meetings & Workshops
          NIJ-Hosted Online Training

                            
                                About
          Contact Us
          Subscribe
          Topics A-Z
                  Share
FacebookXLinkedInRedditPinterestEmail Home
                            Library & Multimedia
 Raiding Crack Houses: The Kansas City Experiment
NCJ Number
              171952

Author(s)
          L W Sherman;
                        D P Rogan
Date Published

1993
Length
              25 pages
Annotation
              The Kansas City, Missouri, Police Department tested the effects of crack house raids in 1991-1992 and found raids had little effect on crime and disorder.
Abstract
              The study design focused on indicators of public order and safety in testing the effectiveness of raids. These indicators were limited to offense reports and calls for police service.  Blocks were selected for study that had at least 5 calls for police service in the 30 days preceding an undercover crack buy.  Results showed 98 raids prevented a total of only 35 reported crimes (1 crime for every 3 raids) and 85 calls for police service (less than 1 call per raid). Even these small effects were extremely short-lived, disappeared after 12 days, and were further reduced by displacement. Only 23 of the 98 raids produced any arrests, but effects of the raids were substantially the same regardless of whether arrests were made. Raids had more effects on calls for police service in the winter than in warmer weather.  Effects on offense reports, however, did not change with the seasons. With a 40-officer squad producing at most 800 raids a year, the full labor cost per raid, including training, undercover buys, and preparation, was about 2.6 officer-weeks.  With 2 officers shot in the first 1,895 raids, the estimated risk-benefit ratio was 284 crimes prevented for every officer shot. Citizen calls to the police drug hotline increased after the raids. Implications of the results for police crime prevention and drug control policies are discussed. 9 references, 2 tables, and 3 figures
      
  
          Additional Details
Grant Number(s)
        90-IJ-CX-K002
                                91-DD-CX-K015
                                92-IJ-CX-K035


  
  
        
  Agencies
        NIJ-Sponsored


  
  
        
  Publication Type
        Survey
    
  
  
Date Published: January 1, 1993
    
          Downloads
        
                      *No download available*

Side navigation
  

        

  
  
              NIJ Journal
    
      
            
            
            
      Podcasts
    
      
            
            
            
      Publications Listing
    
      
            
            
            
      Multimedia Listing
    
      
            
            
            
      Rated Practices on CrimeSolutions
    
      
            
            
            
      Rated Programs on CrimeSolutions
    
      
            
            
            
      Software & Databases
    
      
            
            
            
      Datasets
    
      
            
            
            
      PatentsRelated Topics
        
                Crack
        Crime displacement
        Drug law enforcement
        Drug policy
        Drug regulation



  
Similar Publications
        
                      Investigative Decision-making in Public Corruption Cases: Factors Influencing Case Outcomes
                  GC-MS Studies on the Regioisomeric Methoxy-Methyl-Phenethylamines Related to MDEA MDMMA and MBDB
                  The Nature of Expertise in Fingerprint Examiners
 Top

      National Institute of Justice

        
        
                        About NIJ
                    About NIJ
      
    
                  How NIJ Is Organized
      
    
                  NIJ Director
      
    
                  Research Disclaimer
      
    
                  Funding & Awards
                    Funding & Awards Home
      
    
                  Awards Listing
      
    
                  Current Funding
      
    
                  Guidance for Applicants and Awardees
      
    
                  Resources
                    Events
      
    
                  Podcasts
      
    
                  Publications
      
    
                  Topics
      
    
                  Multimedia
      
    
                  Reuse Policy
      
    
                  Contacts
                    Contact NIJ
      
    
                  Staff Directory
      
    
                  Submit a FOIA Request
      
    
                  File a Civil Rights ComplaintFacebook
          
                      X
          
                      YouTube
  

      810 7th St. NW, Washington, D.C. 20531
      
              Secondary Footer link menu
            Accessibility
              Plain Language
              Privacy Policy
              Legal Policies and Disclaimer
              No FEAR Act
              Freedom of Information Act
              USA.gov
              Justice.gov