FILED U.S. COURT OF AP P EALS E LEVEN T HC IRC UIT JUNE 16, 2008 THOMAS K. KAH

N CLERK [ DO NO T P UB L I S H] I N THE UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT

________________________ N o. 07- 14208 N on -A rgum entC al endar

________________________ D . C . D ocketN o. 06 -019 71 -C V -J T C -1 S T E V E N D . S I M O N , P la in tif f - A p p e lla n t, v ersu s S T A T E O F G E O R G I A , M Y R A H . D I X O N , J u d g e o f F u lto n C o u n ty S ta te C o u rt, S O N N Y P E R D U E , G o v e rn o ro f

G e o r g ia , T H U R B E R T B A K E R , A tto rn e y G e n e r a l o f

G e o r g ia , K A R E N H A N D E L , S e c r e ta ry o f

S ta te o f G e o r g ia , e t a l., D e f e n d a n ts - A p p e lle e s .

________________________ A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f o rth e N o rth e rn D is tr ic t o f G e o r g ia

_________________________ ( Ju n e 16, 2008)The c omplaint seeks damag es under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. 1 Appellant does not address the district c ourt’s dec ision not t o invoke supplemental 2 jurisdiction and enter

tain his state law claims. This i ssue is theref ore a bandoned. H orsley

v. Fe ldt, 304 F.3d 1125, 1131 n.1 (11th Cir. 2002).2 B efo re T JO F L A T , C A RN E S an d B A R K E T T , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P E R C U R I A M: T he di s tr i c tc ourtdi s m i s s e d appe l l a nt ’ s pr o s e c i vi l r i ght s c om pl a i nt w i thout 1 pr e j udi c e , unde r28 U . S . C . § 1915( e ) ( 2) , on the gr ound the c om pl a i nt ’ s a l l e ga t i ons ar e f ri vo l ou s. A pp el l antno w appeal s the court ’ s dec i si on , ar gu i ng thatthe di stri ct courterroneou sl y det erm i ned thathi s c l ai m s r egar di ng the “ G ra dy H ospi t al I n c i d e n t ” w e r e b a rr e d b y th e ap p l i c ab l e s t a tu t e o f l i mi t a t i o n s , a n d th a th i s c l a i ms r e g a r d in g th e “S ta te C o u rt I n c id e n t” w e r e le g a llyin s u f f ic ie n t. 2 W e r e vi e w f

ora n abus e of

di s c r e t i on adi s tr i c tc ourt ’ s de t e rm i na t i on of f r iv o lityu n d e r2 8 U .S .C . § 1 9 1 5 ( e ) . B ila l v . D r iv e r , 2 5 1 F .3 d 1 3 4 6 , 1 3 4 9 ( 1 1 th C i r . 2001) . “ A c l a i m i s f r i vol ous i f

i ti s w i thouta r guabl e m e r i te i the ri n l a w or f a c t . ” I d. F orpe r s ona l i nj ury a c t i ons br oughtunde r§ 1983, f e de r a l c ourt s appl y the forum st at e’ s s t atut e of l i m i t at i on s. P ort erv. R ay , 46 1 F . 3d 13 15 , 13 23 (11th C i r. ), c e rt . de ni e d, 127 S . C t . 516 ( 2006) . U nde rG e or gi al a w , the s t a tut e of l i m i t a t i ons ap p l i c ab l e t o ap p e l l a n t ’ s c l a i m s i n v o l v i n g th e “ Gr a d y Ho s p i t a l I n c i d e n t ” i s two y e a r s . I d . ( c itin g G a . C o d e A n n . § 9 - 3 - 3 3 ) . B e c au s e th a t in c id e n t o c c u rr e d n e a r ly3

f iv e y e a r s b e f

o r e ap p e lla n t f

ile d h is c o m p la in t, th e d is tr ic t c o u rt d id n o t ab u s e its di s c r e t i on i n f

i ndi ng tha tthe s t a tut e of l i m i t a t i ons w a s aba r . S e e P ort e r , 461 F . 3d a t 1 3 2 3 . W e tu rn , th e n , to th e c la im s b a s e d o n th e “S ta te C o u rt I n c id e n t.” S upe rvi s ory of

f i c i a l s c a nnotbe he l d l i abl e f orthe unc ons t i tut i ona l a c t i ons of the i rs ubor di na t e s ba s e d on athe ory of r e s ponde a ts upe r i orunde r§ 1983. G r a y e x. r e l . A l e xa nde rv. B os t i c , 458 F . 3d 1295, 1308 ( 11th C i r . 2006) , c e rt . de ni e d, 127 S . C t . 24 28 (200 7). “ Inst ea d, supervi sors can b e hel d p er sonal l y l i abl e w hen ei ther ( 1) the s upe rvi s orpe r s ona l l y pa rt i c i pa t e s i n the a l l e ge d c ons t i tut i ona l vi ol a t i on, or ( 2) the r e i s ac aus a l c onne c t i on be tw e e n the a c t i ons of the s upe rvi s ora nd the a lle g e d c o n s titu tio n a l v io la tio n .” I d . A ppe l l a nta l l e ge d unc ons t i tut i ona l a c t i ons by de put i e s w ho pa s s e d a r ound m u g s h o ts o f

h im a n d f

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a m ilym e m b e r s . H e s o u g h t, h o w e v e r , to hol d F ul t on C ounty S he r i f f M y r on F r e e m a n l i abl e f orthos e a c t i ons . A ppe l l a nt c a n n o t r e c o v e ra g a in s t th e S h e r if f b e c au s e as u p e rv is o rc a n n o t b e h e ld v ic a r io u s ly liab le f o rh is s ub o r d in a te s ’ c o n d u c t u n d e r§ 1 9 8 3 . S e e B o s tic , 4 5 8 F .3 d a t 1 3 0 8 . W ith r e s p e c t to th e r e m a in in g d e f e n d a n ts n a m e d in ap p e lla n t’s c o m p la in t, i nc l udi ng al a w y e r , as t a t e c ourtj udge , a nd F ul t on C ounty C om m i s s i one r s , the c o mp l a i n tr e c i t e s n o f

a c t s th a tw o u l d g i v e r i s e t o ac l a i m. AF F I R ME D.