UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

EASTERN DISTRICT OF MICHIGAN

SOUTHERN DIVISION

L.T. TUCKER,

Plaintiff,

v. Case Number: 09-CV-13245

Honorable John Corbett O’Meara

FNU BUSKIRK, and

B. HOLLAND,

Defendants,

______________________________/

OPINION AND ORDER DISMISSING 

COMPLAINT PURSUANT TO 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g)

This matter is before the Court on Plaintiff's pro se civil rights complaint filed pursuant to

42 U.S.C. § 1983. Plaintiff is a state inmate who is currently confined at the St. Louis Correctional

Facility in St. Louis, Michigan. He has requested that he be permitted to proceed in forma pauperis

in this case. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a)(1). Upon review of Plaintiff’s case and his litigation history

in the federal courts, this Court concludes that his civil rights complaint must be dismissed without

prejudice pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g).

I. BACKGROUND

Title 28 U.S.C. § 1914(a) provides that “[t]he clerk of each district court shall require the

parties instituting any civil action, suit or proceeding in such court, whether by original process,

removal or otherwise, to pay a filing fee of $350 . . . .” See also Owens v. Keeling, 461 F.3d 763,

773 (6th Cir. 2006). Plaintiff has failed to provide the $350.00 filing fee when he filed his

complaint. The Prisoner Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (PLRA) states that “if a prisoner brings a

civil action or files an appeal in forma pauperis, the prisoner shall be required to pay the full amount

of a filing fee.” 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(1) (as amended). See also In Re Prison Litigation Reform Act,

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105 F.3d 1131, 1138 (6th Cir. 1997). The in forma pauperis statute, 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a), does

provide prisoners the opportunity to make a “downpayment” of a partial filing fee and pay the

remainder in installments. See Miller v. Campbell, 108 F.Supp.2d 960, 962 (W.D. Tenn. 2000).

A search of federal court records indicates that Plaintiff has at least four prior civil rights

complaints that have been dismissed by federal courts for being frivolous, malicious, or for failing

to state a claim upon which relief could be granted. See Tucker v. Chapin, et. al., No. 94-cv-100

(W.D.Mich. June 30, 1994); Tucker v. Kinney, et. al., No. 94-cv-101 (W.D.Mich. June 30, 1994);

Tucker v. Hembree, et. al., No. 94-cv-105 (W.D.Mich. July 15, 1994); Percival, et. al. v. Williams,

et. al., No. 00-cv-849 (W.D.Mich. Nov. 29, 2000).

Subsequent to the dismissal of the last four of these actions, Plaintiff filed at least two

separate § 1983 complaints, which were dismissed pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g) on the ground

that Plaintiff had at least three prior civil rights complaints which had been dismissed for being

frivolous. See Tucker v. Smith, et. al., No. 06-cv-94, 2006 WL 1155479 (W.D.Mich. Apr. 26, 2006),

appeal dismissed, No. 06-2408 (6th Cir. Dec.14, 2006); Tucker v. Bergh, et. al., No. 06-cv-73, 2006

WL 1008985 (W.D.Mich. Apr. 14, 2006), appeal dismissed, No. 06-2405 (6th Cir. Dec. 14, 2006).

II. DISCUSSION

Under the Prison Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (“PLRA”), Pub.L.No. 104-134, 110 Stat.

1321 (Apr. 26, 1996), a federal court may dismiss a case if, on three or more previous occasions, a

federal court dismissed the incarcerated plaintiff’s action because it was frivolous or malicious or

failed to state a claim for which relief may be granted. See, 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g) (1996); Thaddeus-X

v. Blatter, 175 F.3d 378, 400 (6th Cir. 1999); Witzke v. Hiller, 966 F.Supp. 538, 540 (E.D.Mich.

1997). The three strikes provision of the PLRA prohibits a prisoner, who has had three prior suits

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dismissed for being frivolous, from proceeding in forma pauperis in a civil rights suit absent an

allegation that the prisoner is in imminent danger of serious physical injury. McFadden v. Parpan,

16 F.Supp.2d 246, 247 (E.D.N.Y. 1998). A federal district court may sua sponte raise the three

strikes provision of the PLRA on its own initiative. Witzke, 966 F.Supp. at 539. Moreover, the

federal courts in general, and this Court in particular, can take judicial notice of a plaintiff’s prior

dismissals for purposes of § 1915(g). Green v. Nottingham, 90 F.3d 415, 418 (10th Cir. 1996);

Anderson v. Sundquist, 1 F.Supp.2d 828, 830 (W.D.Tenn. 1998).

In the present case, Plaintiff has at least four prior civil rights complaints which were

dismissed for being frivolous, malicious, or failing to state a claim upon which relief could be

granted. More importantly, Plaintiff has been advised on two separate occasions by a judge in the

United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan that he was precluded from

proceeding in forma pauperis in another civil rights action pursuant to § 1915(g) because of these

prior dismissals. As the Seventh Circuit has noted: “An effort to bamboozle the court by seeking

permission to proceed in forma pauperis after a federal judge has held that § 1915(g) applies to a

particular litigant will lead to immediate termination of the suit.” Sloan v. Lesza, 181 F.3d 857, 859

(7th Cir. 1999).

However, a plaintiff may maintain a civil action despite having had three or more civil

actions dismissed as frivolous if the prisoner is “under imminent danger of serious physical injury.”

28 U.S.C. § 1915(g). To establish that his complaint falls within the statutory exception to the three

strikes rule, a prisoner must allege that he is under imminent danger at the time that he seeks to file

his complaint and proceed in forma pauperis. Malik v. McGinnis, 293 F.3d 559, 562 (2d Cir. 2002)

(holding that imminent danger exception requires that the danger exist at time complaint is filed)

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Ashley v. Dilworth, 147 F.3d 715, 717 (8th Cir. 1998) (plaintiff sufficiently alleged imminent danger

of serious physical injury where he claimed that he was placed near inmates on his enemy list and

subject to ongoing danger); Banos v. O’Guin, 144 F.3d 883, 885 (5th Cir. 1998) (past body cavity

searches failed to establish imminent danger of serious physical injury); Luedtke v. Bertrand, 32 F.

Supp. 2d 1074, 1077 (E.D. Wis. 1999) (allegation of past physical injury is insufficient to meet

statutory exception).

Here, Plaintiff has not alleged any facts which would establish that he is in imminent danger

of serious physical injury, and thus, he does not come within the exception to the mandate of 28

U.S.C.§ 1915(g), which prohibits him from proceeding in forma pauperis in light of his four prior

frivolity dismissals. Mulazim v. Michigan Dept. of Corrs., 28 Fed.App’x 470, 472 (6th Cir. 2002).

Plaintiff’s complaint is therefore subject to dismissal pursuant to § 1915(g). Plaintiff may, however,

resume any of the claims dismissed under § 1915(g) if he decides to pay the filing fee under the fee

provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 1914. Witzke, 966 F.Supp. at 540.

Since Plaintiff has had four prior cases dismissed against him for being frivolous, malicious,

or failing to state a claim, 1915(g) bars him from appealing in forma pauperis. See Drummer v.

Luttrell, 75 F.Supp.2d 796, 805-806 (W.D.Tenn. 1999).

III. ORDER

Accordingly, 

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that Plaintiff L.T. Tucker’s in forma pauperis status is

DENIED and his complaint is DISMISSED pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g). Should Plaintiff wish

to pursue the allegations contained in his complaint, he must submit payment of the $350.00 filing

fee within thirty (30) days. Upon receipt of the filing fee, the Court will re-open the case and review

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the complaint to determine whether it should be served or should be summarily dismissed under 28

U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2).

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that any appeal taken by Plaintiff would not be done in good

faith. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a)(3); see also McGore v. Wrigglesworth, 114 F.3d 601, 604 (6th

Cir.1997).

s/John Corbett O’Meara

United States District Judge

Date: August 28, 2009

I hereby certify that a copy of the foregoing document was served upon Plaintiff on this date,

August 28, 2009, by ordinary mail.

s/William Barkholz

Case Manager

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