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      Officer and Suspect Demeanor: A Qualitative Analysis of Change
    
        Date Published

March 2009

  Journal
              Police Quarterly
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          NIJ-Sponsored
    Police Suspicion and Discretionary Decisionmaking During Citizen Stops
    
        Date Published

May 2005

  Journal
              Criminology
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          NIJ-Sponsored
    Police Officers' Decision Making and Discretion: Forming Suspicion and Making a Stop
    
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October 2004
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          NIJ-Sponsored
    Use of Force by Police: Overview of National and Local Data
    
        Date Published

October 1999

  Series
          NIJ Research Report
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          NIJ
    Measuring and Assessing Police Use of Force and Suspect Resistance
    
        Date Published

1998
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          NIJ-Sponsored
    Analysis of Police Use-of-Force Data
    
        Date Published

January 1998
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          NIJ-Sponsored
    Force Factor: Measuring Police Use of Force Relative to Suspect Resistance
    
        Date Published

1997
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