Union Calendar No. 422

104TH CONGRESS

2D SESSION H. R. 3876

[Report No. 104–783]

A BILL

To amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

Prevention Act of 1974 to authorize appropriations for fiscal years 1997, 1998, 1999, and2000; and for other purposes.

SEPTEMBER 12, 1996

Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, and

ordered to be printed
IB

Union Calendar No. 422

104TH CONGRESS

2D SESSION H. R. 3876

[Report No. 104–783]

To amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974

to authorize appropriations for fiscal years 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000;

and for other purposes.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

JULY 23, 1996

Mr. CUNNINGHAM introduced the following bill; which was referred to the

Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities

SEPTEMBER 12, 1996

Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole

House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic]

[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on July 23, 1996]

A BILL

To amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

Act of 1974 to authorize appropriations for fiscal years

1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000; and for other purposes.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
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1 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

2 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Ju3 venile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention Act of

4 1996’’.

5 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents of this

6 Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

TITLE I—AMENDMENTS TO JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY

PREVENTION ACT OF 1974

Sec. 101. Findings.

Sec. 102. Purpose.

Sec. 103. Definitions.

Sec. 104. Name of office.

Sec. 105. Concentration of Federal effort.

Sec. 106. Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.

Sec. 107. Annual report.

Sec. 108. Allocation.

Sec. 109. State plans.

Sec. 110. National Institute for Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.

Sec. 111. Research, demonstration, and evaluation functions.

Sec. 112. Technical assistance and training functions.

Sec. 113. Establishment of training program.

Sec. 114. Curriculum for training program.

Sec. 115. Special studies and reports.

Sec. 116. Grants and contracts for special emphasis prevention and treatment

programs.

Sec. 117. Considerations for approval of applications.

Sec. 118. Gang-free schools and communities.

Sec. 119. State challenge activities.

Sec. 120. Repealers.

Sec. 121. Authorization of appropriations.

Sec. 122. Administrative authority.

Sec. 123. Use of funds.

Sec. 124. Technical and conforming amendments.

TITLE II—AMENDMENTS TO THE RUNAWAY AND HOMELESS YOUTH

ACT

Sec. 201. Findings.

Sec. 202. Authority to make grants for centers and services.

Sec. 203. Eligibility.

Sec. 204. Approval of applications.

Sec. 205. Authority for transitional living grant program.

Sec. 206. Authority to make grants for research, demonstration, and service

projects.

Sec. 207. Temporary demonstration projects to provide services to youth in rural

areas.
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Sec. 208. Sexual abuse prevention program.

Sec. 209. Assistance to potential grantees.

Sec. 210. Reports.

Sec. 211. Evaluation.

Sec. 212. Authorization of appropriations.

Sec. 213. Consolidated review of applications.

Sec. 214. Definitions.

Sec. 215. Redesignation of sections.

Sec. 216. Technical amendment.

TITLE III—AMENDMENTS TO THE MISSING CHILDREN’S

ASSISTANCE ACT

Sec. 301. Authorization of appropriations.

Sec. 302. Special study and report.

TITLE IV—INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY

PREVENTION PROGRAMS

Sec. 401. Duties and functions of the Administrator.

Sec. 402. Grants for prevention programs.

Sec. 403. Repeal of definition.

Sec. 404. Authorization of appropriations.

TITLE V—GENERAL PROVISIONS

Sec. 501. Effective date; application of amendments.

1 TITLE I—AMENDMENTS TO JU2 VENILE JUSTICE AND DELIN3 QUENCY PREVENTION ACT OF

4 1974

5 SEC. 101. FINDINGS.

6 Section 101 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

7 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601) is amended to read

8 as follows:

9 ‘‘FINDINGS

10 ‘‘SEC. 101. (a) The Congress finds the following:

11 ‘‘(1) There has been a dramatic increase in juve12 nile crime, particularly violent crime. Weapons of13 fenses and homicides are the 2 fastest growing violent
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1 crimes committed by juveniles, and offenders under

the age of 21 committing more than 1 2 ⁄4 of all violent

3 crime.

4 ‘‘(2) This problem should be addressed through a

5 2-track common sense approach that addresses the

6 needs of individual juveniles and society at large by

7 promoting—

8 ‘‘(A) quality prevention programs that—

9 ‘‘(i) work with juveniles, their families,

10 community-based organizations, take into

11 consideration such factors as whether or not

12 juveniles have been the victims of family vi13 olence (including child abuse and neglect);

14 and

15 ‘‘(ii) are designed to provide juveniles

16 with the education and other skills they

17 need to prevent their involvement in delin18 quency activities; and

19 ‘‘(B) programs that assist in holding juve20 niles accountable for their actions, including a

21 system of graduated sanctions for each delin22 quent act, requiring juveniles to make restitution

23 for the damage caused by their delinquent acts,

24 and methods for increasing victim satisfaction
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1 with respect to the penalties imposed on juveniles

2 for their acts.

3 ‘‘(b) Congress must act now to reform this program

4 by focusing on juvenile delinquency prevention programs,

5 as well as programs that hold juveniles accountable for their

6 acts. Without true reform, the criminal justice system will

7 not be able to overcome the challenges it will face in the

8 coming years when the number of juveniles is expected to

9 increase by 30 percent.’’.

10 SEC. 102. PURPOSE.

11 Section 102 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

12 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5602) is amended to read

13 as follows:

14 ‘‘PURPOSES

15 ‘‘SEC. 102. The purposes of titles I, II, and V are—

16 ‘‘(1) to support State and local programs that

17 prevent juvenile involvement in delinquent activities;

18 ‘‘(2) to assist State and local governments in

19 promoting public safety by encouraging accountabil20 ity for acts of juvenile delinquency; and

21 ‘‘(3) to assist State and local governments in ad22 dressing juvenile crime through the provision of tech23 nical assistance, research, and the dissemination of

24 information, on effective programs for combating ju25 venile crime.’’.
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1 SEC. 103. DEFINITIONS.

2 Section 103 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

3 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5603) is amended—

4 (1) in paragraph (4) by inserting ‘‘title I of’’ be5 fore ‘‘the Omnibus’’ each place it appears,

6 (2) in paragraph (7) by striking ‘‘the Trust Ter7 ritory of the Pacific Islands,’’,

8 (3) in paragraph (9) by striking ‘‘justice’’ and

9 inserting ‘‘crime control’’,

10 (4) in paragraph (14) by inserting ‘‘drug traf11 ficking,’’ after ‘‘assault,’’,

12 (5) in paragraph (16)—

13 (A) in subparagraph (A) by adding ‘‘and’’

14 at the end, and

15 (B) by striking subparagraph (C),

16 (6) by striking paragraph (17),

17 (7) in paragraph (22)—

18 (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (i),

19 (ii), and (iii) as subparagraphs (A), (B), and

20 (C), respectively, and

21 (B) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end,

22 (8) in paragraph (23) by striking the period at

23 the end and inserting a semicolon,

24 (9) by redesignating paragraphs (18), (19), (20),

25 (21), (22), and (23) as paragraphs (17) through (22),

26 respectively, and
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1 (10) by adding at the end the following:

2 ‘‘(23) the term ‘boot camp’ means a residential

3 facility (excluding a private residence) at which there

4 are provided—

5 ‘‘(A) a highly regimented schedule of dis6 cipline, physical training, work, drill, and cere7 mony characteristic of military basic training;

8 ‘‘(B) regular, remedial, special, and voca9 tional education; and

10 ‘‘(C) counseling and treatment for substance

11 abuse and other health and mental health prob12 lems; and

13 ‘‘(24) the term ‘violent crime’ means—

14 ‘‘(A) murder or nonnegligent manslaughter,

15 forcible rape, or robbery, or

16 ‘‘(B) aggravated assault committed with the

17 use of a firearm.’’.

18 SEC. 104. NAME OF OFFICE.

19 Title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Pre20 vention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5611 et seq.) is amended—

21 (1) by amending the heading of part A to read

22 as follows:
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1 ‘‘PART A—OFFICE OF JUVENILE CRIME CONTROL AND

2 DELINQUENCY PREVENTION’’,

3 (2) in section 201(a) by striking ‘‘Justice and

4 Delinquency Prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘Crime Con5 trol and Delinquency Prevention’’, and

6 (3) in subsections section 299A(c)(2) by striking

7 ‘‘Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ and inserting

8 ‘‘Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention’’.

9 SEC. 105. CONCENTRATION OF FEDERAL EFFORT.

10 Section 204 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

11 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5614) is amended—

12 (1) in subsection (a)(1) by striking the last sen13 tence,

14 (2) in subsection (b)—

15 (A) in paragraph (3) by striking ‘‘and of

16 the prospective’’ and all that follows through

17 ‘‘administered’’, and

18 (B) in paragraph (5) by striking ‘‘parts C

19 and D’’ each place it appears and inserting

20 ‘‘part C’’,

21 (3) in subsection (c) by striking ‘‘and reports’’

22 and all that follows through ‘‘this part’’, and insert

23 ‘‘as may be appropriate to prevent the duplication of

24 efforts, and to coordinate activities, related to the pre25 vention of juvenile delinquency’’,
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1 (4) by striking subsection (i), and

2 (5) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection

3 (f).

4 SEC. 106. COORDINATING COUNCIL ON JUVENILE JUSTICE

5 AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION.

6 Section 206 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

7 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5616) is repealed.

8 SEC. 107. ANNUAL REPORT.

9 Section 207 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

10 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5617) is amended—

11 (1) in paragraph (2)—

12 (A) by inserting ‘‘and’’ after ‘‘priorities,’’,

13 and

14 (B) by striking ‘‘, and recommendations of

15 the Council’’,

16 (2) by striking paragraphs (4) and (5), and in17 serting the following:

18 ‘‘(4) An evaluation of the programs funded

19 under this title and their effectiveness in reducing the

20 incidence of juvenile crime, particularly violent

21 crimes.’’, and

22 (3) by redesignating such section as section 206.

23 SEC. 108. ALLOCATION.

24 Section 222 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

25 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5632) is amended—
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1 (1) in subsection (a)—

2 (A) in paragraph (2)—

3 (i) in subparagraph (A)—

4 (I) by striking ‘‘amount, up to

5 $400,000,’’ and inserting ‘‘amount up

6 to $400,000’’,

7 (II) by inserting a comma after

8 ‘‘1992’’ the 1st place it appears,

9 (III) by striking ‘‘the Trust Terri10 tory of the Pacific Islands,’’, and

11 (IV) by striking ‘‘amount, up to

12 $100,000,’’ and inserting ‘‘amount up

13 to $100,000’’,

14 (ii) in subparagraph (B)—

15 (I) by striking ‘‘amount, up to

16 $600,000,’’ and inserting ‘‘amount up

17 to $600,000’’,

18 (II) by striking ‘‘section 299(a)

19 (1) and (3)’’ and inserting ‘‘para20 graphs (1) and (3) of section 299(a),’’,

21 (III) by striking ‘‘the Trust Terri22 tory of the Pacific Islands,’’,

23 (IV) by striking ‘‘amount, up to

24 $100,000,’’ and inserting ‘‘amount up

25 to $100,000’’, and
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1 (V) by inserting a comma after

2 ‘‘1992’’,

3 (B) in paragraph (3) by striking ‘‘allot’’

4 and inserting ‘‘allocate’’, and

5 (2) in subsection (b) by striking ‘‘the Trust Ter6 ritory of the Pacific Islands,’’.

7 SEC. 109. STATE PLANS.

8 Section 223 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

9 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5633) is amended—

10 (1) in subsection (a)—

11 (A) in the 2nd sentence—

12 (i) by striking ‘‘Such plan shall be

13 amended’’ and inserting ‘‘Amendments to

14 such plan shall be submitted’’, and

15 (ii) by striking ‘‘and challenge’’ and

16 all that follows through ‘‘part E’’,

17 (B) in paragraph (3)—

18 (i) by striking ‘‘, which—’’ and insert19 ing ‘‘that—’’,

20 (ii) in subparagraph (A)—

21 (I) by striking ‘‘not less’’ and all

22 that follows through ‘‘33’’, and insert23 ing ‘‘the attorney general of the State

24 or such other State official who has

25 primary responsibility for overseeing
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1 the enforcement of State criminal laws,

2 and’’,

3 (II) by inserting ‘‘, in consulta4 tion with the attorney general of the

5 State or such other State official who

6 has primary responsibility for oversee7 ing the enforcement of State criminal

8 laws’’ after ‘‘State’’,

9 (III) in clause (i) by striking ‘‘or

10 the administration of juvenile justice’’

11 and inserting ‘‘, the administration of

12 juvenile justice, or the reduction of ju13 venile crime’’,

14 (IV) in clause (ii) by striking ‘‘in15 clude—’’ and all that follows through

16 the semicolon at the end of subclause

17 (VIII), and inserting the following:

18 ‘‘represent a multidisciplinary approach to

19 addressing juvenile crime and may in20 clude—

21 ‘‘(I) individuals who represent

22 units of general local government, law

23 enforcement and juvenile justice agen24 cies, public agencies concerned with the

25 prevention and treatment of juvenile
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1 delinquency and with the adjudication

2 of juveniles, or nonprofit private orga3 nizations, particularly those that serve

4 juveniles; and

5 ‘‘(II) such other individuals as the

6 chief executive officer considers to be

7 appropriate; and’’, and

8 (V) by striking clauses (iv) and

9 (v),

10 (iii) in subparagraph (C) by striking

11 ‘‘justice’’ and inserting ‘‘crime control’’,

12 (iv) in subparagraph (D)—

13 (I) in clause (i) by inserting

14 ‘‘and’’ at the end,

15 (II) in clause (ii) by striking

16 ‘‘paragraphs’’ and all that follows

17 through ‘‘part E’’, and inserting

18 ‘‘paragraphs (11), (12), and (13)’’, and

19 (III) by striking clause (iii), and

20 (v) in subparagraph (E) by striking

21 ‘‘title—’’ and all that follows through ‘‘(ii)’’

22 and inserting ‘‘title,’’,

23 (C) in paragraph (5)(C) by striking ‘‘para24 graphs (12)(A), (13), and (14)’’ and inserting

25 ‘‘paragraphs (11)(A), (12), and (13)’’,
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1 (D) by striking paragraph (6),

2 (E) in paragraph (7) by inserting ‘‘, in3 cluding in rural areas’’ before the semicolon at

4 the end,

5 (F) in paragraph (8)—

6 (i) in subparagraph (A)—

7 (I) by striking ‘‘for (i)’’ and all

8 that follows through ‘‘relevant jurisdic9 tion’’, and inserting ‘‘for an analysis

10 of juvenile crime problems in, and the

11 juvenile crime control and delinquency

12 prevention needs (including edu13 cational needs) of, the State’’,

14 (II) by striking ‘‘justice’’ the sec15 ond place it appears and inserting

16 ‘‘crime control’’, and

17 (III) by striking ‘‘of the jurisdic18 tion; (ii)’’ and all that follows through

19 the semicolon at the end, and inserting

20 ‘‘of the State; and’’,

21 (ii) by amending subparagraph (B) to

22 read as follows:

23 ‘‘(B) contain—
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1 ‘‘(i) a plan for providing needed services for

2 the prevention and treatment of juvenile delin3 quency in rural areas;

4 ‘‘(ii) a plan for providing needed mental

5 health services to juveniles in the juvenile justice

6 system; and

7 ‘‘(iii) a plan for providing needed gender8 specific services for the prevention and treatment

9 of juvenile delinquency;’’, and

10 (iii) by striking subparagraphs (C)

11 and (D),

12 (G) by amending paragraph (9) to read as

13 follows:

14 ‘‘(9) provide for the coordination and maximum

15 utilization of exiting juvenile delinquency programs,

16 programs operated by private agencies, and other re17 lated programs (such as education, special education,

18 recreation, health, and welfare programs) in the

19 State;’’,

20 (H) in paragraph (10)—

21 (i) in subparagraph (A) by striking ‘‘,

22 specifically’’ and all that follows through

23 ‘‘array of services’’,

24 (ii) by amending subparagraph (B) to

25 read as follows:
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1 ‘‘(B) programs that assist in holding juve2 niles accountable for their actions, including the

3 use of neighborhood courts or panels that in4 crease victim satisfaction and require juveniles

5 to make restitution for the damage caused by

6 their delinquent acts, and of a system of grad7 uated sanctions for juvenile delinquents that en8 sures a sanction for every delinquent act;’’,

9 (iii) in subparagraph (C) by striking

10 ‘‘juvenile justice’’ and inserting ‘‘juvenile

11 crime control’’,

12 (iv) by amending subparagraph (D) to

13 read as follows:

14 ‘‘(D) programs that provide treatment to ju15 venile offenders who are victims of child abuse or

16 neglect, and to their families, in order to reduce

17 the likelihood that such juvenile offenders will

18 commit subsequent violations of law;’’,

19 (v) in subparagraph (E)—

20 (I) by redesignating clause (ii) as

21 clause (iii), and

22 (II) by striking ‘‘juveniles, pro23 vided’’ and all that follows through

24 ‘‘provides; and’’, and inserting the fol25 lowing:
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1 ‘‘juveniles—

2 ‘‘(i) to encourage juveniles to remain

3 in elementary and secondary schools or in

4 alternative learning situations;

5 ‘‘(ii) to provide services to assist juve6 niles in making the transition to the world

7 of work and self-sufficiency; and’’,

8 (vi) by amending subparagraph (F) to

9 read as follows:

10 ‘‘(F) expand the use of probation officers in

11 order to permit nonviolent delinquent juveniles

12 to remain at home with their families as an al13 ternative to incarceration or institutionalization

14 and, at the same time, to ensure that such juve15 niles follow the terms of their probation;’’,

16 (vii) by amending subparagraph (G)

17 to read as follows:

18 ‘‘(G) one-to-one mentoring programs that

19 are designed to link nonviolent juvenile offenders,

20 particularly juveniles residing in high-crime

21 areas and juveniles experiencing educational

22 failure, with responsible adults (such as law en23 forcement officers, adults working with local

24 businesses, and adults working with community-
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1 based organizations and agencies) who are prop2 erly screened and trained;’’,

3 (viii) in subparagraph (H) by striking

4 ‘‘handicapped youth’’ and inserting ‘‘juve5 niles with disabilities’’,

6 (ix) by amending subparagraph (K) to

7 read as follows:

8 ‘‘(K) boot camps for juvenile offenders;’’,

9 (x) by amending subparagraph (L) to

10 read as follows:

11 ‘‘(L) community-based programs and serv12 ices to work with juveniles, their parents, and

13 other family members during and after incarcer14 ation in order to strengthen families so that such

15 juveniles may be retained in their homes;’’,

16 (xi) by amending subparagraph (M) to

17 read as follows:

18 ‘‘(M) other activities (such as court-ap19 pointed special advocates) that the State deter20 mines will hold juveniles accountable for their

21 acts and decrease juvenile involvement in delin22 quent activities;’’,

23 (xii) by amending subparagraph (N)

24 to read as follows:
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1 ‘‘(N) programs designed to prevent and re2 duce hate crimes committed by juveniles;’’,

3 (xiii) in subparagraph (O)—

4 (I) by striking ‘‘cultural’’ and in5 serting ‘‘other’’, and

6 (II) by striking the period at the

7 end and inserting a semicolon, and

8 (xiv) by adding at the end the follow9 ing:

10 ‘‘(P) a system, subject to the discretion of

11 the State, that provides for the treatment as

12 adults for purposes of prosecution, of juveniles

13 under 18 years of age who commit an act that

14 would be a violent crime if committed by an

15 adult;

16 ‘‘(Q) a system of records relating to any ad17 judication of juveniles less than 18 years of age

18 who are adjudicated delinquent for conduct that

19 would be a violent crime if committed by an

20 adult, that is—

21 ‘‘(i) equivalent to the records that

22 would be kept of adults arrested for such

23 conduct, including fingerprints and photo24 graphs;
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1 ‘‘(ii) submitted to the Federal Bureau

2 of Investigation in the same manner as

3 adult records are so submitted;

4 ‘‘(iii) retained for a period of time that

5 is equal to the period of time records are re6 tained for adults; and

7 ‘‘(iv) available on an expedited basis to

8 law enforcement agencies, the courts, and

9 school officials (and such school officials

10 shall be subject to the same standards and

11 penalties that law enforcement and juvenile

12 justice system employees are subject to

13 under Federal and State law, for handing

14 and disclosing such information); and

15 ‘‘(R) programs that utilize multidisci16 plinary interagency case management and infor17 mation sharing, that enable the juvenile justice

18 and law enforcement agencies, schools, and social

19 service agencies to make more informed decisions

20 regarding early identification, control, super21 vision, and treatment of juveniles who repeatedly

22 commit violent or serious delinquent acts.’’,

23 (I) in paragraph (12)(A)—

24 (i) by striking ‘‘law).’’ and inserting

25 ‘‘law)’’, and
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1 (ii) by inserting ‘‘except temporarily

2 and to the extent necessary to reunite such

3 juveniles with their parents or legal guard4 ians’’ before the semicolon at the end,

5 (J) by amending paragraph (13) to read as

6 follows:

7 ‘‘(13) provide that—

8 ‘‘(A) juveniles alleged to be or found to be

9 delinquent, and juveniles within the purview of

10 paragraph (11), will not be detained or confined

11 in any institution in which they have regular

12 contact, or unsupervised incidental contact, with

13 adults incarcerated because such adults have

14 been convicted of a crime or are awaiting trial

15 on criminal charges; and

16 ‘‘(B) there is in effect in the State a policy

17 that requires individuals who work with both

18 such juveniles and such adults have been trained

19 to work with juveniles;’’,

20 (K) by amending paragraph (14) to read as

21 follows:

22 ‘‘(14) provide that no juvenile will be detained or

23 confined in any jail or lockup for adults except—

24 ‘‘(A) at the election of the State, juveniles

25 who are convicted as an adult of, or after a de-
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1 termination at a probable cause hearing are

2 charged as an adult with, a violent crime; and

3 ‘‘(B) juveniles who are accused of nonstatus

4 offenses, who are awaiting an initial court ap5 pearance pursuant to a State law requiring such

6 appearance within 48 hours after being taken

7 into custody (excluding weekends and holidays),

8 and who are detained or confined in a jail or

9 lockup—

10 ‘‘(i) in which—

11 ‘‘(I) such juveniles do not have

12 regular contact, or unsupervised inci13 dental contact, with adults incarcer14 ated because such adults have been con15 victed or a crime or are awaiting trial

16 on criminal charges; and

17 ‘‘(II) there is in effect in the State

18 a policy that requires individuals who

19 work with both such juveniles and such

20 adults have been trained to work with

21 juveniles; and

22 ‘‘(ii) that—

23 ‘‘(I) is located outside a metro24 politan statistical area (as defined by

25 the Office of Management and Budget);
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1 ‘‘(II) has no existing acceptable

2 alternative placement available;

3 ‘‘(III) is located where conditions

4 of distance to be traveled or the lack of

5 highway, road, or other ground trans6 portation do not allow for court ap7 pearances within 24 hours so that a

8 brief (not to exceed 48 hours) delay is

9 excusable; or

10 ‘‘(IV) is located where conditions

11 of safety exist (such as severally ad12 verse, life-threatening weather condi13 tions that do not allow for reasonably

14 safe travel), in which case the time for

15 an appearance may be delayed until

16 24 hours after the time that such con17 ditions allow for reasonably safe trav18 el;’’,

19 (L) in paragraph (15)—

20 (i) by striking ‘‘paragraph (12)(A),

21 paragraph (13), and paragraph (14)’’ and

22 inserting ‘‘paragraphs (11)(A), (12), and

23 (13)’’, and
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1 (ii) by striking ‘‘paragraph (12)(A)

2 and paragraph (13)’’ and inserting ‘‘para3 graphs (11)(A) and (12)’’,

4 (M) in paragraph (16) by striking ‘‘men5 tally, emotionally, or physically handicapping

6 conditions’’ and inserting ‘‘disability’’,

7 (N) by striking paragraph (19),

8 (O) in paragraph (23)—

9 (i) by inserting ‘‘, with relevant factors

10 held constant,’’ after ‘‘such proportion’’, and

11 (ii) by striking ‘‘general population;’’

12 and inserting ‘‘total population of juveniles

13 who are brought into the juvenile justice

14 system; and’’,

15 (P) by amending paragraph (24) to read as

16 follows:

17 ‘‘(24) provide that if a juvenile is taken into cus18 tody under a valid court order issued for committing

19 a status offense—

20 ‘‘(A) the appropriate agency that provides

21 child protective services shall be promptly noti22 fied that such juvenile is held under such order;

23 ‘‘(B) not later than 24 hours after such ju24 venile is so taken into custody, an authorized
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1 representative of such agency shall interview, in

2 person, such juvenile; and

3 ‘‘(C) not later than 72 hours after such ju4 venile is so taken into custody—

5 ‘‘(i) such representative shall submit a

6 recommendation to the court that issued

7 such order, regarding the proper treatment

8 plan for such juvenile; and

9 ‘‘(ii) such court shall conduct a hear10 ing to determine—

11 ‘‘(I) whether there is reasonable

12 cause to believe that such juvenile com13 mitted such status offense; and

14 ‘‘(II) the appropriate placement of

15 such juvenile pending disposition of the

16 status offense that is the subject of such

17 order.’’, and

18 (Q) by redesignating paragraphs (7), (8),

19 (9), (10), (11), (12), (13), (14), (15), (16), (17),

20 (18), (20), (21), (22), (23), (24), and (25) as

21 paragraphs (6) through (23), respectively,

22 (2) by amending subsection (c) to read as fol23 lows:

24 ‘‘(c) If a State fails to comply with any of the applica25 ble requirements of paragraphs (11)(A), (13), (14), and (21)
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1 of subsection (a) in any fiscal year beginning after Septem2 ber 30, 1996, then the amount allocated to such State for

3 the subsequent fiscal year shall be reduced by not to exceed

4 12.5 percent for each such paragraph with respect to which

5 the failure occurs, unless the Administrator determines that

6 the State—

7 ‘‘(1) has achieved substantial compliance with

8 such applicable requirements with respect to which

9 the State was not in compliance; and

10 ‘‘(2) has made, through appropriate executive or

11 legislative action, an unequivocal commitment to

12 achieving full compliance with such applicable re13 quirements within a reasonable time.’’, and

14 (3) in subsection (d)—

15 (A) by striking ‘‘allotment’’ and inserting

16 ‘‘allocation’’, and

17 (B) by striking ‘‘subsection (a) (12)(A),

18 (13), (14) and (23)’’ each place it appears and

19 inserting ‘‘paragraphs (11)(A), (12), (13), and

20 (21) of subsection (a)’’.

21 SEC. 110. NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR JUVENILE JUSTICE

22 AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION.

23 Section 241 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

24 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5651) is amended—
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1 (1) in the heading by striking ‘‘JUSTICE’’ and

2 inserting ‘‘CRIME CONTROL’’,

3 (2) in subsection (a) by striking ‘‘Justice’’ the

4 second place it appears and inserting ‘‘Crime Con5 trol’’,

6 (3) in subsections (b) and (c) by striking ‘‘Juve7 nile Justice’’ and inserting ‘‘Juvenile Crime Control’’,

8 (4) in subsection (d)(2)—

9 (A) by inserting a comma after ‘‘personnel’’

10 the 1st place it appears, and

11 (B) by striking ‘‘personnel,,’’ and inserting

12 ‘‘personnel,’’, and

13 (5) in subsection (f)—

14 (A) in paragraph (1) by striking ‘‘and fi15 nancial’’, and

16 (B) in paragraph (2)—

17 (i) in subparagraph (C) by striking

18 ‘‘justice’’ and inserting ‘‘crime control’’, and

19 (ii) in subparagraph (E) by striking

20 ‘‘justice’’ and inserting ‘‘crime control’’.

21 SEC. 111. RESEARCH, DEMONSTRATION, AND EVALUATION

22 FUNCTIONS.

23 Section 243 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

24 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5653) is amended—

25 (1) in subsection (a)—
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1 (A) by striking ‘‘Justice’’ and inserting

2 ‘‘Crime Control’’,

3 (B) in paragraph (2) by inserting ‘‘, par4 ticularly to prevent serious crimes and violent

5 crimes’’ before the semicolon at the end,

6 (C) in paragraph (3) by redesignating sub7 paragraphs (i) and (ii) as subparagraphs (A)

8 and (B), respectively,

9 (D) in paragraph (4) by striking ‘‘Encour10 age’’ and inserting ‘‘encourage’’,

11 (E) by amending paragraph (6) to read as

12 follows:

13 ‘‘(6) provide for the evaluation of—

14 ‘‘(A) programs and interventions designed

15 to prevent juvenile violence; and

16 ‘‘(B) all other juvenile delinquency pro17 grams assisted under this title;

18 in order to determine the results and the effectiveness

19 of such programs and such interventions;’’,

20 (F) in paragraph (7)—

21 (i) by inserting ‘‘(particularly the pre22 vention of serious crime and violent crime)’’

23 after ‘‘delinquency’’,

24 (ii) by amending subparagraph (B) to

25 read as follows:
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1 ‘‘(B) assessments regarding —

2 ‘‘(i) the role of family violence, sexual

3 abuse or exploitation, drug abuse within the

4 family, media violence, the improper han5 dling of juveniles placed in one State by an6 other State, and the effectiveness of family7 centered treatment programs, special edu8 cation, remedial education, and recreation;

9 ‘‘(ii) the extent to which juveniles in

10 the juvenile justice system are treated dif11 ferently on the basis of sex, race, family

12 composition, past delinquent behavior or

13 family income, and

14 ‘‘(iii) the ramifications of such treat15 ment on such juveniles and on the recidi16 vism rate of such juveniles;’’,

17 (iii) in subparagraph (D)—

18 (I) by striking ‘‘(including’’ and

19 all that follows through ‘‘recreational’’,

20 and

21 (II) by adding ‘‘and’’ at the end,

22 and

23 (iv) by adding at the end the following:

24 ‘‘(E) examine the nature and extent to

25 which States have opened juvenile delinquency
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1 proceedings, and records of such proceedings, to

2 the public and the impact which the opening of

3 such proceedings and records has on the recidi4 vism rate of juveniles and on their post-adju5 dication involvement in school, success in em6 ployment, and relationship with family and

7 community;’’,

8 (F) by amending paragraphs (10) and (11)

9 to read as follows:

10 ‘‘(10) support research relating to reducing the

11 proportion of juveniles detained or confined in secure

12 detention facilities, secure correctional facilities, jails,

13 and lockups who are members of minority groups;

14 ‘‘(11) support research related to achieving a bet15 ter understanding of the commission of hate crimes by

16 juveniles;’’,

17 (G) in paragraph (12) by inserting ‘‘as

18 such issues relate to the prevention of juvenile de19 linquency’’ before the semicolon at the end,

20 (H) by amending paragraph (13) to read as

21 follows:

22 ‘‘(13) support research on—

23 ‘‘(A) the extent, nature, risk and protective

24 factors, and causes of juvenile violence and juve25 nile delinquency; and
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1 ‘‘(B) the effectiveness of restitution and

2 graduated sanctions on reducing juvenile vio3 lence and juvenile delinquency;’’, and

4 (I) by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6),

5 (7), (8), (9), (10), (11), (12), (13), and (14), as

6 added by Public Law 102–586 and as amended

7 by this paragraph, as paragraphs (6) through

8 (15), respectively, and

9 (2) in subsection (b)—

10 (A) in paragraph (1) by striking ‘‘sub11 section (a)(8)’’ and inserting ‘‘subsection (a)(9)’’,

12 and

13 (B) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘sub14 section (a)(9)’’ and inserting ‘‘subsection

15 (a)(10)’’.

16 SEC. 112. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING FUNC17 TIONS.

18 Section 244 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

19 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5654) is amended—

20 (1) by striking ‘‘Justice’’ and inserting ‘‘Crime

21 Control’’,

22 (2) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘(including ju23 veniles who commit hate crimes)’’, and

24 (3) in paragraph (3)—

25 (A) by inserting a comma after ‘‘judges’’,
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1 (B) by inserting a comma after ‘‘prosecu2 tors’’, and

3 (C) by striking ‘‘attorneys,,’’ and inserting

4 ‘‘attorneys,’’.

5 SEC. 113. ESTABLISHMENT OF TRAINING PROGRAM.

6 Section 245 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

7 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5655) is amended—

8 (1) in the 1st sentence of subsection (a) by strik9 ing ‘‘, including’’ and all that follows through ‘‘juve10 niles’’, and

11 (2) in subsection (b)—

12 (A) by striking ‘‘persons associated with

13 law-related education,’’,

14 (B) by striking ‘‘and representatives’’ and

15 inserting ‘‘representatives’’, and

16 (C) by inserting ‘‘, and such other individ17 uals as the Administrator considers to be appro18 priate’’ before the period at the end.

19 SEC. 114. CURRICULUM FOR TRAINING PROGRAM.

20 The last sentence of section 246 of the Juvenile Justice

21 and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5660)

22 is amended by striking ‘‘and shall’’ and all that follows

23 through ‘‘crimes’’.
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1 SEC. 115. SPECIAL STUDIES AND REPORTS.

2 Section 248 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

3 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5662) is repealed.

4 SEC. 116. GRANTS AND CONTRACTS FOR SPECIAL EMPHA5 SIS PREVENTION AND TREATMENT PRO6 GRAMS.

7 Section 261 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

8 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5665) is amended—

9 (1) in subsection (a)—

10 (A) in the matter preceding paragraph

11 (1)—

12 (i) by striking ‘‘shall,’’ and all that fol13 lows through ‘‘contracts with’’, and insert14 ing ‘‘may, on a competitive basis, make

15 grants to and contracts with’’, and

16 (ii) by striking ‘‘each’’ the 1st place it

17 appears and inserting ‘‘any’’,

18 (B) in paragraph (2) by inserting ‘‘activi19 ties to ensure juvenile accountability for non20 violent criminal activities,’’ after ‘‘including’’,

21 (C) in paragraph (3) by striking ‘‘and the

22 quality of legal representation for such juve23 niles’’,

24 (D) by striking paragraphs (4), (7), and

25 (8),
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1 (E) in paragraph (9) by striking ‘‘, includ2 ing—’’ and all that follows through ‘‘to incarcer3 ation’’, and

4 (F) by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6),

5 and (9) as paragraphs (4), (5), and (6), respec6 tively,

7 (2) in subsection (b)—

8 (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)

9 by striking ‘‘(b)’’ and all that follows through

10 ‘‘to—’’,

11 (B) in paragraph (1)—

12 (i) by striking ‘‘(1) improve’’ and in13 serting ‘‘(7) Improving’’, and

14 (ii) by striking the semicolon at the

15 end and inserting a period,

16 (C) in paragraph (2)—

17 (i) by striking ‘‘(2) develop and imple18 ment’’ and inserting ‘‘(8) Developing and

19 implementing’’, and

20 (ii) by striking the semicolon at the

21 end and inserting a period,

22 (D) in paragraph (3)—

23 (i) by striking ‘‘(3) develop, imple24 ment, and support’’ and inserting ‘‘(9) De-
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1 veloping, implementing, and supporting’’,

2 and

3 (ii) by striking the semicolon at the

4 end and inserting a period,

5 (E) by striking paragraph (4),

6 (F) in paragraph (5)—

7 (i) by striking ‘‘(5) develop and imple8 ment’’ and inserting ‘‘(10) Developing and

9 implementing’’, and

10 (ii) by striking the semicolon at the

11 end and inserting a period,

12 (G) in paragraph (6)—

13 (i) by striking ‘‘(6) develop’’ and in14 serting ‘‘(11) Developing’’, and

15 (ii) by striking ‘‘to—’’ and all that fol16 lows through ‘‘(B)’’, and inserting ‘‘to’’, and

17 (iii) by striking ‘‘; or’’ and all that fol18 lows through ‘‘involved’’, and

19 (H) in paragraph (7) by striking ‘‘(7) de20 velop and implement’’ and inserting ‘‘(12) Devel21 oping and implementing’’,

22 (3) by striking subsections (c) and (d),

23 (4) in subsection (e) by striking ‘‘the Trust Ter24 ritory of the Pacific Islands,’’, and
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1 (5) by redesignating subsection (e) and (f) as

2 subsections (b) and (c), respectively.

3 SEC. 117. CONSIDERATIONS FOR APPROVAL OF APPLICA4 TIONS.

5 Section 262 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

6 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5665a) is amended—

7 (1) in subsection (c)—

8 (A) in paragraph (1) by inserting ‘‘, and

9 the potential for success,’’ after ‘‘effectiveness’’,

10 (B) by striking paragraphs (4) and (5), and

11 inserting the following:

12 ‘‘(4) the extent to which such program serves

13 communities that have high rates of juvenile delin14 quency, violent juvenile crime, dropping out of school,

15 high rates of unemployment among juveniles no

16 longer attending elementary or secondary school, and

17 juvenile participation in gangs; and’’, and

18 (C) by redesignating paragraph (6) as

19 paragraph (5),

20 (2) in subsection (d)—

21 (A) in paragraph (1)—

22 (i) by striking subparagraph (B),

23 (ii) in subparagraph (A) by redesig24 nating clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) as sub-
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1 paragraphs (A), (B), and (C), respectively,

2 and

3 (iii) by striking ‘‘(1)(A)’’ and inserting

4 ‘‘(1)’’,

5 (B) in paragraph (2)—

6 (i) by striking ‘‘(2)(A)’’ and inserting

7 ‘‘(2)’’, and

8 (ii) by striking subparagraph (B), and

9 (C) by striking paragraph (3), and

10 (3) by amending subsection (f) to read as follows:

11 ‘‘(f) Information on grants and contacts made avail12 able under this part shall be made available by the Admin13 istrator on request to the Chairman of the Committee on

14 Economic and Educational Opportunities of the House of

15 Representatives and to the Chairman of the Committee on

16 the Judiciary of the Senate.’’.

17 SEC. 118. GANG-FREE SCHOOLS AND COMMUNITIES.

18 Part D of title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delin19 quency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5667–5667d) is

20 amended to read as follows:

21 ‘‘PART D—GANG-FREE SCHOOLS AND

22 COMMUNITIES

23 ‘‘SEC. 271. AUTHORIZATION OF GRANTS.

24 ‘‘The Administrator may make grants to, or contracts

25 with, public and nonprofit private agencies and organiza-
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1 tions to establish and carry out programs designed to pre2 vent and reduce the participation of juveniles in gangs that

3 commit crimes (particularly violent crimes), that unlaw4 fully use firearms and other weapons, or that unlawfully

5 traffic in drugs. Such programs may be school- or commu6 nity-based and shall involve, to the extent practicable, fami7 lies and other community members, such as law enforce8 ment personnel and members of the business community,

9 in the activities conducted under such programs. Such pro10 grams may include—

11 ‘‘(1) educational activities that strengthen a ju12 venile’s ties to the school and the community;

13 ‘‘(2) mentoring projects;

14 ‘‘(3) job training and other activities that pro15 vide juveniles with the skills necessary to become pro16 ductive members of society;

17 ‘‘(4) projects that coordinate services to be pro18 vided to juveniles and their families, including edu19 cational services, substance abuse treatment services,

20 health and mental health services, and other social

21 services;

22 ‘‘(5) projects to prevent gang-related activities

23 from endangering the safety of students and disrupt24 ing the learning environment in elementary and sec25 ondary schools;
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1 ‘‘(6) projects that involve local law enforcement

2 personnel in gang prevention and intervention activi3 ties, particularly activities that focus on preventing

4 the unlawful use of firearms;

5 ‘‘(7) effective substance abuse treatment for juve6 niles in such gangs, and other interventions to reduce

7 rates of drug abuse recidivism and gang participa8 tion; and

9 ‘‘(8) such other projects and activities related to

10 the prevention of juvenile participation in gangs that

11 commit crimes (particularly violent crimes), that un12 lawfully use firearms and other weapons, or that un13 lawfully traffic in drugs.

14 ‘‘SEC. 272. APPLICATIONS.

15 ‘‘(a) SUBMISSION OF APPLICATIONS.—Applications for

16 grants and contracts under section 271 shall be submitted

17 to the Administrator and shall—

18 ‘‘(1) describe the program to be carried out with

19 a grant or contract made under such subsection; and

20 ‘‘(2) contain such other information and assur21 ances as the Administrator may require.

22 ‘‘(b) SELECTION OF APPLICATIONS FOR APPROVAL.—

23 From among applications submitted in accordance with

24 subsection (a), the Administrator shall—
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1 ‘‘(1) approve applications for grants and con2 tracts to carry out programs in both urban and rural

3 areas, in locations where juvenile gang-related, drug4 related, and firearm-related crime is frequent and se5 rious; and

6 ‘‘(2) give priority to applications for grants and

7 contracts to carry out programs that have the greatest

8 potential for success, private sector support, and

9 broad-based community support.’’.

10 SEC. 119. STATE CHALLENGE ACTIVITIES.

11 Part E of title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delin12 quency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5667c) is re13 pealed.

14 SEC. 120. REPEALERS.

15 Title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Pre16 vention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.) is amended—

17 (1) by striking parts F, G, and H,

18 (2) by striking part I, as added by section

19 2(i)(1)(C) of Public Law 102–586 (106 Stat. 5006),

20 and

21 (3) by redesignating part I, as so redesignated

22 by section 2(i)(1)(A) of Public Law 102–586 (106

23 Stat. 5006), as part E.
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1 SEC. 121. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

2 Section 299 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

3 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5671) is amended—

4 (1) by striking subsection (e), and

5 (2) by striking subsections (a), (b), and (c), and

6 inserting the following:

7 ‘‘(a) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry

8 out this title (other than part D) $225,000,000 for fiscal

9 year 1997 and such sums as may be appropriate for fiscal

10 years 1998, 1999, and 2000.

11 ‘‘(b) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry

12 out part D $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1997 and such sums

13 as may be appropriate for fiscal years 1998, 1999, and

14 2000.

15 ‘‘(c) Of such sums as are appropriated for a fiscal year

16 to carry out this title (other than part D)—

17 ‘‘(1) not to exceed 5 percent or $5,000,000,

18 whichever is less, shall be available to carry out part

19 A;

20 ‘‘(2) not less than 70 percent shall be available

21 to carry out part B; and

22 ‘‘(3) 25 percent or $25,000,000, whichever is less,

23 shall be available to carry out part C.’’.

24 SEC. 122. ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY.

25 Section 299A of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

26 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5672) is amended—
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1 (1) in subsection (d) by striking ‘‘as are consist2 ent with the purpose of this Act’’ and inserting ‘‘only

3 to the extent necessary to ensure that there is compli4 ance with the specific requirements of this title, but

5 the Administrator may not establish rules, regula6 tions, or procedures applicable to compliance with

7 paragraphs (11)(A), (13), (14), or (21) of section

8 223(a)’’, and

9 (2) by adding at the end the following:

10 ‘‘(e) If a State requires by law compliance with the

11 requirements described in paragraphs (11)(A), (12), and

12 (13) of section 223(a), then for the period such law is in

13 effect in such State—

14 ‘‘(1) such State shall be deemed to satisfy such

15 requirements; and

16 ‘‘(2) the Administrator may not evaluate or re17 quire compliance with such paragraphs.’’.

18 SEC. 123. USE OF FUNDS.

19 Section 299C of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

20 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5674) is amended—

21 (1) in subsection (a)—

22 (A) by striking ‘‘may be used for’’,

23 (B) in paragraph (1) by inserting ‘‘may be

24 used for’’ after ‘‘(1)’’, and
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1 (C) by amending paragraph (2) to read as

2 follows:

3 ‘‘(2) may not be used for the cost of construction

4 of any facility, except not more than 10 percent of the

5 funds received under this title by a State for a fiscal

6 year may be used for the purpose of renovating com7 munity-based juvenile facilities.’’,

8 (2) by striking subsection (b), and

9 (3) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection

10 (b).

11 SEC. 124. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

12 (a) TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS.—The Juvenile Justice

13 and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601

14 et seq.) is amended—

15 (1) in section 202(b) by striking ‘‘prescribed for

16 GS–18 of the General Schedule by section 5332’’ and

17 inserting ‘‘payable under section 5376’’,

18 (2) in the heading for subpart I of part C of title

19 II by striking ‘‘Justice’’ and inserting ‘‘Crime Con20 trol’’, and

21 (3) by striking titles IV and V, as originally en22 acted by Public Law 93–415 (88 Stat. 1132–1143).

23 (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—(1) Section 5315 of

24 title 5 of the United States Code is amended by striking

25 ‘‘Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’
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1 and inserting ‘‘Office of Juvenile Crime Control and Delin2 quency Prevention’’.

3 (2) Section 4351(b) of title 18 of the United States

4 Code is amended by striking ‘‘Office of Juvenile Justice and

5 Delinquency Prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘Office of Juvenile

6 Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention’’.

7 (3) Subsections (a)(1) and (c) of section 3220 of title

8 39 of the United States Code is amended by striking ‘‘Office

9 of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ each place

10 it appears and inserting ‘‘Office of Juvenile Crime Control

11 and Delinquency Prevention’’.

12 (4) Section 463(f) of the Social Security Act (42

13 U.S.C. 663(f)) is amended by striking ‘‘Office of Juvenile

14 Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘Office

15 of Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention’’.

16 (5) Sections 801(a), 804, 805, and 813 of title I of

17 the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968

18 (42 U.S.C. 3712(a), 3782, 3785, 3786, 3789i) are amended

19 by striking ‘‘Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

20 Prevention’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘Office of

21 Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention’’.

22 (6) The Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C.

23 13001 et seq.) is amended—

24 (A) in sections 217 and 222 by striking ‘‘Office

25 of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ each
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1 place it appears and inserting ‘‘Office of Juvenile

2 Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention’’,

3 (B) in section 214(b)(1) by striking ‘‘262, 293,

4 and 296 of subpart II of title II’’ and inserting

5 ‘‘299B and 299E’’, and

6 (C) in section 223(c) by striking ‘‘section 262,

7 293, and 296’’ and inserting ‘‘sections 262, 299B, and

8 299E’’.

9 (7) The Missing Children’s Assistance Act (42 U.S.C.

10 5771 et seq.) is amended—

11 (A) in section 403(2) by striking ‘‘Justice and

12 Delinquency Prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘Crime Con13 trol and Delinquency Prevention’’, and

14 (B) in subsections (a)(5)(E) and (b)(1)(B) of sec15 tion 404 by striking ‘‘section 313’’ and inserting ‘‘sec16 tion 331’’.

17 TITLE II—AMENDMENTS TO THE

18 RUNAWAY AND HOMELESS

19 YOUTH ACT

20 SEC. 201. FINDINGS.

21 Section 302 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act

22 (42 U.S.C. 5701) is amended—

23 (1) in paragraph (5) by striking ‘‘accurate re24 porting of the problem nationally’’ and inserting ‘‘an
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1 accurate national reporting system to report the prob2 lem,’’, and

3 (2) by amending paragraph (8) to read as fol4 lows:

5 ‘‘(8) services for runaway and homeless youth

6 are needed in urban, suburban and rural areas;’’.

7 SEC. 202. AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS FOR CENTERS AND

8 SERVICES.

9 Section 311 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act

10 (42 U.S.C. 5711) is amended—

11 (1) by amending subsection (a) to read as fol12 lows:

13 ‘‘(a)(1) The Secretary shall make grants to public and

14 nonprofit private entities (and combinations of such enti15 ties) to establish and operate (including renovation) local

16 centers to provide services for runaway and homeless youth

17 and for the families of such youth.

18 ‘‘(2) Such services—

19 ‘‘(A) shall be provided as an alternative to in20 volving runaway and homeless youth in the law en21 forcement, child welfare, mental health, and juvenile

22 justice systems;

23 ‘‘(B) shall include—

24 ‘‘(i) safe and appropriate shelter; and
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1 ‘‘(ii) individual, family, and group counsel2 ing, as appropriate; and

3 ‘‘(C) may include—

4 ‘‘(i) street-based services;

5 ‘‘(ii) home-based services for families with

6 youth at risk of separation from the family; and

7 ‘‘(iii) drug abuse education and prevention

8 services.’’,

9 (2) in subsection (b)—

10 (A) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘the Trust

11 Territory of the Pacific Islands,’’, and

12 (B) by striking paragraph (4), and

13 (3) by striking subsections (c) and (d).

14 SEC. 203. ELIGIBILITY.

15 Section 312 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act

16 (42 U.S.C. 5712) is amended—

17 (1) in subsection (b)—

18 (A) in paragraph (8) by striking ‘‘para19 graph (6)’’ and inserting ‘‘paragraph (7)’’,

20 (B) in paragraph (10) by striking ‘‘and’’ at

21 the end,

22 (C) in paragraph (11) by striking the pe23 riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’, and

24 (D) by adding at the end the following:
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1 ‘‘(12) shall submit to the Secretary an annual

2 report that includes—

3 ‘‘(A) information regarding the activities

4 carried out under this part;

5 ‘‘(B) the achievements of the project under

6 this part carried out by the applicant; and

7 ‘‘(C) statistical summaries describing the

8 number and the characteristics of the runaway

9 and homeless youth, and youth at risk of family

10 separation, who participate in the project;

11 in the year for which the report is submitted.’’, and

12 (3) by striking subsections (c) and (d) and in13 serting the following:

14 ‘‘(c) To be eligible to use assistance under section

15 311(a)(2)(C)(i) to provide street-based services, the appli16 cant shall include in the plan required by subsection (b)

17 assurances that in providing such services the applicant

18 will—

19 ‘‘(1) provide qualified supervision of staff, in20 cluding on-street supervision by appropriately

21 trained staff;

22 ‘‘(2) provide backup personnel for on-street staff;

23 ‘‘(3) provide initial and periodic training of

24 staff who provide such services; and
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1 ‘‘(4) conduct outreach activities for runaway and

2 homeless youth, and street youth.

3 ‘‘(d) To be eligible to use assistance under section

4 311(a) to provide home-based services described in section

5 311(a)(2)(C)(ii), an applicant shall include in the plan re6 quired by subsection (b) assurances that in providing such

7 services the applicant will—

8 ‘‘(1) provide counseling and information to

9 youth and the families (including unrelated individ10 uals in the family households) of such youth, includ11 ing services relating to basic life skills, interpersonal

12 skill building, educational advancement, job attain13 ment skills, mental and physical health care,

14 parenting skills, financial planning, and referral to

15 sources of other needed services;

16 ‘‘(2) provide directly, or through an arrangement

17 made by the applicant, 24-hour service to respond to

18 family crises (including immediate access to tem19 porary shelter for runaway and homeless youth, and

20 youth at risk of separation from the family);

21 ‘‘(3) establish, in partnership with the families

22 of runaway and homeless youth, and youth at risk of

23 separation from the family, objectives and measures of

24 success to be achieved as a result of receiving home25 based services;
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1 ‘‘(4) provide initial and periodic training of

2 staff who provide home-based services; and

3 ‘‘(5) ensure that—

4 ‘‘(A) caseloads will remain sufficiently low

5 to allow for intensive (5 to 20 hours per week)

6 involvement with each family receiving such

7 services; and

8 ‘‘(B) staff providing such services will re9 ceive qualified supervision.

10 ‘‘(e) To be eligible to use assistance under section

11 311(a)(2)(C)(iii) to provide drug abuse education and pre12 vention services, an applicant shall include in the plan re13 quired by subsection (b)—

14 ‘‘(1) a description of—

15 ‘‘(A) the types of such services that the ap16 plicant proposes to provide;

17 ‘‘(B) the objectives of such services; and

18 ‘‘(C) the types of information and training

19 to be provided to individuals providing such

20 services to runaway and homeless youth; and

21 ‘‘(2) an assurance that in providing such services

22 the applicant shall conduct outreach activities for

23 runaway and homeless youth.’’.
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1 SEC. 204. APPROVAL OF APPLICATIONS.

2 Section 313 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act

3 (42 U.S.C. 5713) is amended to read as follows:

4 ‘‘APPROVAL OF APPLICATIONS

5 ‘‘SEC. 313. (a) An application by a public or private

6 entity for a grant under section 311(a) may be approved

7 by the Secretary after taking into consideration, with re8 spect to the State in which such entity proposes to provide

9 services under this part—

10 ‘‘(1) the geographical distribution in such State

11 of the proposed services under this part for which all

12 grant applicants request approval; and

13 ‘‘(2) which areas of such State have the greatest

14 need for such services.

15 ‘‘(b) The Secretary shall, in considering applications

16 for grants under section 311(a), give priority to—

17 ‘‘(A) eligible applicants who have a dem18 onstrated experience in providing services to runaway

19 and homeless youth; and

20 ‘‘(B) eligible applicants that request grants of

21 less than $200,000.’’.

22 SEC. 205. AUTHORITY FOR TRANSITIONAL LIVING GRANT

23 PROGRAM.

24 Section 321 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act

25 (42 U.S.C. 5714–1) is amended—

26 (1) in the heading by striking ‘‘PURPOSE AND’’,
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1 (2) in subsection (a) by striking ‘‘(a)’’, and

2 (3) by striking subsection (b).

3 SEC. 206. AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS FOR RESEARCH,

4 EVALUATION, DEMONSTRATION, AND SERV5 ICE PROJECTS.

6 Section 343 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act

7 (42 U.S.C. 5714–23) is amended—

8 (1) in the heading of such section by inserting

9 ‘‘EVALUATION,’’ after ‘‘RESEARCH,’’,

10 (2) in subsection (a) by inserting ‘‘evaluation,’’

11 after ‘‘research,’’, and

12 (3) in subsection (b)—

13 (A) by striking paragraph (2), and

14 (B) by redesignating paragraphs (3)

15 through (10) as paragraphs (2) through (9), re16 spectively.

17 SEC. 207. TEMPORARY DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS TO

18 PROVIDE SERVICES TO YOUTH IN RURAL

19 AREAS.

20 Section 344 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act

21 (42 U.S.C. 5714a) is repealed.

22 SEC. 208. SEXUAL ABUSE PREVENTION PROGRAM.

23 Section 40155 of the Violent Crime Control and Law

24 Enforcement Act of 1994 (Public Law 103–322; 108 Stat.

25 1922) is amended to read as follows:
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1 ‘‘SEC. 40155. EDUCATION AND PREVENTION GRANTS TO RE2 DUCE SEXUAL ABUSE OF RUNAWAY, HOME3 LESS, AND STREET YOUTH.

4 ‘‘(a) AUTHORITY FOR PROGRAM.—The Runaway and

5 Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) is amended—

6 ‘‘(1) by striking the heading for part F,

7 ‘‘(2) by redesignating part E as part F, and

8 ‘‘(3) by inserting after part D the following:

9 ‘‘ ‘PART E—SEXUAL ABUSE PREVENTION PROGRAM

10 ‘‘ ‘AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS

11 ‘‘ ‘SEC. 351. (a) The Secretary may make grants to

12 nonprofit private agencies for the purpose of providing

13 street-based services to runaway and homeless, and street

14 youth, who have been subjected to, or are at risk of being

15 subjected to, sexual abuse.

16 ‘‘ ‘(b) In selecting applicants to receive grants under

17 subsection (a), the Secretary shall give priority to nonprofit

18 private agencies that have experience in providing services

19 to runaway and homeless, and street youth.’,

20 ‘‘(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section

21 389 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C.

22 5751), as amended by section 212 of the Juvenile Crime

23 Control and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1996, is amend24 ed by adding at the end the following:
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1 ‘‘ ‘(c) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry

2 out part E such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years

3 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000.’ ’’.

4 SEC. 209. ASSISTANCE TO POTENTIAL GRANTEES.

5 Section 371 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act

6 (42 U.S.C. 5714a) is amended by striking the last sentence.

7 SEC. 210. REPORTS.

8 Section 381 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act

9 (42 U.S.C. 5715) is amended to read as follows:

10 ‘‘REPORTS

11 ‘‘SEC. 381. (a) Not later than April 1, 1998, and at

12 2-year intervals thereafter, the Secretary shall submit, to

13 the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportuni14 ties of the House of Representatives and the Committee on

15 the Judiciary of the Senate, a report on the status, activi16 ties, and accomplishments of entities that receive grants

17 under parts A, B, C, D, and E, with particular attention

18 to—

19 ‘‘(1) in the case of centers funded under part A,

20 the ability or effectiveness of such centers in—

21 ‘‘(A) alleviating the problems of runaway

22 and homeless youth;

23 ‘‘(B) if applicable or appropriate, reuniting

24 such youth with their families and encouraging

25 the resolution of intrafamily problems through

26 counseling and other services;
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1 ‘‘(C) strengthening family relationships and

2 encouraging stable living conditions for such

3 youth; and

4 ‘‘(D) assisting such youth to decide upon a

5 future course of action; and

6 ‘‘(2) in the case of projects funded under part

7 B—

8 ‘‘(A) the number and characteristics of

9 homeless youth served by such projects;

10 ‘‘(B) the types of activities carried out by

11 such projects;

12 ‘‘(C) the effectiveness of such projects in al13 leviating the problems of homeless youth;

14 ‘‘(D) the effectiveness of such projects in

15 preparing homeless youth for self-sufficiency;

16 ‘‘(E) the effectiveness of such projects in as17 sisting homeless youth to decide upon future edu18 cation, employment, and independent living;

19 ‘‘(F) the ability of such projects to encour20 age the resolution of intrafamily problems

21 through counseling and the development of self22 sufficient living skills; and

23 ‘‘(G) activities and programs planned by

24 such projects for the following fiscal year.
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1 ‘‘(b) The Secretary shall include in the report required

2 by subsection (a) summaries of—

3 ‘‘(1) the evaluations performed by the Secretary

4 under section 386; and

5 ‘‘(2) descriptions of the qualifications of, and

6 training provided to, individuals involved in carry7 ing out such evaluations.’’.

8 SEC. 211. EVALUATION.

9 Section 384 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act

10 (42 U.S.C. 5731) is amended to read as follows:

11 ‘‘EVALUATION AND INFORMATION

12 ‘‘SEC. 384. (a) If an grantee receives grants for 3 con13 secutive fiscal years under part A, B, C, D, or E (in the

14 alternative), then the Secretary shall evaluate such grantee

15 on-site, not less frequently than once in the period of such

16 3 consecutive fiscal years, for purposes of—

17 ‘‘(1) determining whether such grants are being

18 used for the purposes for which such grants are made

19 by the Secretary;

20 ‘‘(2) collecting additional information for the re21 port required by section 383; and

22 ‘‘(3) providing such information and assistance

23 to such grantee as will enable such grantees to im24 prove the operation of the centers, projects, and activi25 ties for which such grants are made.
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1 ‘‘(b) Recipients of grants under this title shall cooper2 ate with the Secretary’s efforts to carry out evaluations, and

3 to collect information, under this title.’’.

4 SEC. 212. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

5 Section 385 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act

6 (42 U.S.C. 5751) is amended to read as follows:

7 ‘‘AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

8 ‘‘SEC. 389. (a)(1) There are authorized to be appro9 priated to carry out this title (other than part E)

10 $60,000,000 for fiscal year 1997 and such sums as may be

11 necessary for each of the fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 2000.

12 ‘‘(2)(A) From the amount appropriated under para13 graph (1) for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall reserve not

14 less than 90 percent to carry out parts A and B.

15 ‘‘(B) Of the amount reserved under subparagraph (A),

16 not less than 20 percent, and not more than 25 percent,

17 shall be reserved to carry out part B.

18 ‘‘(3) After reserving the amounts required by para19 graph (2), the Secretary shall reserve the remaining amount

20 (if any) to carry out parts C and D.

21 ‘‘(b) No funds appropriated to carry out this title may

22 be combined with funds appropriated under any other Act

23 if the purpose of combining such funds is to make a single

24 discretionary grant, or a single discretionary payment, un25 less such funds are separately identified in all grants and
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1 contracts and are used for the purposes specified in this

2 title.’’.

3 SEC. 213. CONSOLIDATED REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS.

4 The Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C.

5 5701 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 384 the

6 following:

7 ‘‘CONSOLIDATED REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS

8 ‘‘SEC. 385. With respect to funds available to carry

9 out parts A, B, C, D, and E, nothing in this title shall

10 be construed to prohibit the Secretary from—

11 ‘‘(1) announcing, in a single announcement, the

12 availability of funds for grants under 2 or more of

13 such parts; and

14 ‘‘(2) reviewing applications for grants under 2

15 or more of such parts in a single, consolidated appli16 cation review process.’’.

17 SEC. 214. DEFINITIONS.

18 The Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C.

19 5701 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 385, as

20 added by section 213, the following:

21 ‘‘DEFINITIONS

22 ‘‘SEC. 386. For the purposes of this title:

23 ‘‘(1)(A) The term ‘drug abuse education and pre24 vention services’—
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1 ‘‘(A) means services to runaway and home2 less youth to prevent or reduce the illicit use of

3 drugs by such youth; and

4 ‘‘(B) may include—

5 ‘‘(i) individual, family, group, and

6 peer counseling;

7 ‘‘(ii) drop-in services;

8 ‘‘(iii) assistance to runaway and

9 homeless youth in rural areas (including

10 the development of community support

11 groups);

12 ‘‘(iv) information and training relat13 ing to the illicit use of drugs by runaway

14 and homeless youth, to individuals involved

15 in providing services to such youth; and

16 ‘‘(v) activities to improve the availabil17 ity of local drug abuse prevention services to

18 runaway and homeless youth.

19 ‘‘(2) The term ‘home-based services’—

20 ‘‘(A) means services provided to youth and

21 their families for the purpose of—

22 ‘‘(i) preventing such youth from run23 ning away, or otherwise becoming sepa24 rated, from their families; and
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1 ‘‘(ii) assisting runaway youth to re2 turn to their families; and

3 ‘‘(B) includes services that are provided in

4 the residences of families (to the extent prac5 ticable), including—

6 ‘‘(i) intensive individual and family

7 counseling; and

8 ‘‘(ii) training relating to life skills and

9 parenting.

10 ‘‘(3) The term ‘homeless youth’ means an indi11 vidual—

12 ‘‘(A) who is—

13 ‘‘(i) not more than 21 years of age;

14 and

15 ‘‘(ii) for the purposes of part B, not

16 less than 16 years of age;

17 ‘‘(B) for whom it is not possible to live in

18 a safe environment with a relative; and

19 ‘‘(C) who has no other safe alternative liv20 ing arrangement.

21 ‘‘(4) The term ‘street-based services’—

22 ‘‘(A) means services provided to runaway

23 and homeless youth, and street youth, in areas

24 where they congregate, designed to assist such
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1 youth in making healthy personal choices regard2 ing where they live and how they behave; and

3 ‘‘(B) may include—

4 ‘‘(i) identification of and outreach to

5 runaway and homeless youth, and street

6 youth;

7 ‘‘(ii) crisis intervention and counsel8 ing;

9 ‘‘(iii) information and referral for

10 housing;

11 ‘‘(iv) information and referral for

12 transitional living and health care services;

13 ‘‘(v) advocacy, education, and preven14 tion services related to—

15 ‘‘(I) alcohol and drug abuse;

16 ‘‘(II) sexually transmitted dis17 eases, including the human

18 immunodeficiency virus (HIV); and

19 ‘‘(III) physical and sexual as20 sault.

21 ‘‘(5) The term ‘street youth’ means an individual

22 who—

23 ‘‘(A) is—

24 ‘‘(i) a runaway youth; or
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1 ‘‘(ii) indefinitely or intermittently a

2 homeless youth; and

3 ‘‘(B) spends a significant amount of time

4 on the street or in other areas which increase the

5 exposure of such youth to sexual abuse.

6 ‘‘(6) The term ‘transitional living youth project’

7 means a project that provides shelter and services de8 signed to promote a transition to self-sufficient living

9 and to prevent long-term dependency on social serv10 ices.

11 ‘‘(7) The term ‘youth at risk of separation from

12 the family’ means an individual—

13 ‘‘(A) who is less than 18 years of age; and

14 ‘‘(B)(i) who has a history of running away

15 from the family of such individual;

16 ‘‘(ii) whose parent, guardian, or custodian

17 is not willing to provide for the basic needs of

18 such individual; or

19 ‘‘(iii) who is at risk of entering the child

20 welfare system or juvenile justice system as a re21 sult of the lack of services available to the family

22 to meet such needs.’’.

23 SEC. 215. REDESIGNATION OF SECTIONS.

24 Sections 371, 372, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, and 386

25 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5714b–
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1 5851 et seq.), as amended by this title, are redesignated as

2 sections 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, and 388, respec3 tively.

4 SEC. 216. TECHNICAL AMENDMENT.

5 Section 331 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act

6 (42 U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) is amended in the 1st sentence by

7 striking ‘‘With’’ and all that follows through ‘‘the Sec8 retary’’, and inserting ‘‘The Secretary’’.

9 TITLE III—AMENDMENTS TO THE

10 MISSING CHILDREN’S ASSIST11 ANCE ACT

12 SEC. 301. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

13 Section 408 of the Missing Children’s Assistance Act

14 (42 U.S.C. 5777) is amended by striking ‘‘1993, 1994, 1995,

15 and 1996’’ and inserting ‘‘1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000’’.

16 SEC. 302. SPECIAL STUDY AND REPORT.

17 Section 409 of the Missing Children’s Assistance Act

18 (42 U.S.C. 5778) is repealed .
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1 TITLE IV—INCENTIVE GRANTS

2 FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY

3 PREVENTION PROGRAMS

4 SEC. 401. DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE ADMINIS5 TRATOR.

6 Section 504 of the Incentive Grants for Local Delin7 quency Prevention Programs Act (42 U.S.C. 5783) is

8 amended—

9 (1) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘(including’’

10 and all that follows through ‘‘development)’’, and

11 (2) in paragraph (4) by striking ‘‘Education

12 and Labor’’ and inserting ‘‘Economic and Edu13 cational Opportunities’’.

14 SEC. 402. GRANTS FOR PREVENTION PROGRAMS.

15 Section 505 of the Incentive Grants for Local Delin16 quency Prevention Programs Act (42 U.S.C. 5784) is

17 amended—

18 (1) in subsection (a)—

19 (A) by striking ‘‘through the State advisory

20 group to’’ and inserting ‘‘to assist’’,

21 (B) by amending paragraph (1) to read as

22 follows:

23 ‘‘(1) the teaching that people are and should be

24 held accountable for their actions;’’,
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1 (C) in paragraph (5) by inserting ‘‘and’’

2 and the end,

3 (D) by amending paragraph (6) to read as

4 follows:

5 ‘‘(6) recreation services.’’, and

6 (E) by striking paragraph (7),

7 (2) in subsection (b)—

8 (A) by striking paragraph (1),

9 (B) by amending paragraph (2) to read as

10 follows:

11 ‘‘(1) the unit has submitted to the State the

12 unit’s plan outlining delinquency prevention and

13 early intervention activities;’’,

14 (C) by striking paragraphs (3) and (4), and

15 (D) by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6),

16 and (7) and paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respec17 tively, and

18 (3) in subsection (c)—

19 (A) by striking ‘‘Administrator’’ and insert20 ing ‘‘State’’,

21 (B) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘and’’ at

22 the end, and

23 (C) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting

24 the following:
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1 ‘‘(3) providing services that prevent juvenile in2 volvement in delinquent activities; and

3 ‘‘(4) securing private sector support and that

4 have private sector support.’’.

5 SEC. 403. REPEAL OF DEFINITION.

6 The Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Preven7 tion Programs Act (42 U.S.C. 5781 et seq.) is amended—

8 (1) by striking section 503, and

9 (2) by redesignating sections 504 and 505 as sec10 tions 503 and 504, respectively.

11 SEC. 404. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

12 Section 506 of the Incentive Grants for Local Delin13 quency Prevention Programs Act (42 U.S.C. 5785) is

14 amended to read as follows:

15 ‘‘SEC. 505. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

16 ‘‘There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out

17 this title $20,000,000 for fiscal year 1997 and such sums

18 as may be appropriate for fiscal years 1998, 1999, and

19 2000.’’.

20 TITLE V—GENERAL PROVISIONS

21 SEC. 501. EFFECTIVE DATE; APPLICATION OF AMEND22 MENTS.

23 (a) EFFECTIVE DATE.—Except as provided in sub24 section (b), this Act and the amendments made by this Act

25 shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.
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1 (b) APPLICATION OF AMENDMENTS.—The amendments

2 made by this Act shall apply only with respect to fiscal

3 years beginning after September 30, 1996.