U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Bioenergy Research: Peoria, IL
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    NCAUR Homepage
                    About BER
                        Mission Statement
                                    Strategic Goals
                                    Specialized Research ResourcesSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Midwest Area Peoria, Illinois National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research Bioenergy Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Research Project: Technologies for Improving Process Efficiencies in Biomass Refineries Location:
                                Bioenergy Research Title:   Author  item
                                            XUE, SAISI - Michigan State Universityitem
                                            UPPUGUNDLA, NIRMAL - Michigan State Universityitem
                                            Bowman, Michaelitem
                                            JIN, MINJIE - Michigan State Universityitem
                                            DA COSTA SOUSA, LEONARD - Michigan State Universityitem
                                            CHUNDAWAT, SHISIR - Michigan State Universityitem
                                            FOX, BRIAN - Michigan State Universityitem
                                            CAVALIER, DAVID - Michigan State Universityitem
                                            DALE, BRUCE - Michigan State Universityitem
                                            BALAN, VENKATESH - Michigan State University
  Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 4/27/2015
                                    Publication  Date: 4/30/2015
                                    Citation: Xue, S., Uppugundla, N., Bowman, M.J., Jin, M., da Costa Sousa, L., Chundawat, S.P.S., Fox, B., Cavalier, D., Dale, B.E., Balan, V. 2015. Understanding sugar yield loss and enzyme inhibition due to oligosaccharides accumulation during high solids-loading enzymatic hydrolysis [abstract]. Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: During enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass, polysaccharides are cleaved by glycosyl hydrolases to soluble oligosaccharides and further hydrolyzed by ß-glucosidase, ß-xylosidase and other enzymes to monomeric sugars. However, not all oligosaccharides can be fully hydrolyzed and they may accumulate to 18-25% of the total soluble sugars at high solid loading (>3-25% solids loading). Oligosaccharide accumulation reduces ethanol yields because industrial ethanol-producing strains only consume monomeric sugars. Very little is understood about the nature of these oligomers and why they accumulate. In this work, we report a large-scale, robust method to separate and produce recalcitrant oligosaccharides using affinity-based charcoal fractionation and molecular weight-based gel filtration chromatography from high solids-loading AFEX-corn stover (ACS) hydrolysate. The low DP (degree of polymerization) oligosaccharides can be digested using commercial enzyme mixtures [Ctec2, Htec2 and Multifect pectinase(MP)] after being separated from the hydrolysate, while the high DP oligosaccharides were highly recalcitrant. Inhibition studies using pure substrates (Avicel and beechwood xylan) showed that low DP oligosaccharides are highly inhibitory to commercial enzymes, and the addition of monomeric sugars further intensified the inhibition. Chemical structures of oligosaccharides with varying DP, composition of monomeric sugars, and the extent of branching patterns have also been identified by acid hydrolysis, methylate derivatization, LC-MS and NMR. Using these oligosaccharides as substrates, enzymes and microbes arrays were screened to identify candidates to break down the un-hydrolyzed crosslinks and digest the oligosaccharides completely. This work helps us understand the mechanisms behind oligosaccharides accumulation and thus develop better strategies to increase sugar yields during biomass hydrolysis.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov