# Patent

## Title
Medicament container

## Abstract

A medicament source has a container and a crimped closure. The closure sealingly holds to the container a metered-dose release valve, of which the spout only is visible externally. The container has a neck and a protruding rim at which the crimp locates. The container is of molded polymer and has an outer, perforate sleeve of aluminum, providing mechanical strength for pressure retention. The neck has a relatively thicker wall thickness and the end is domed inwards, both for pressure retention. The polymer is of three layers or laminations. The innermost layer is of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material to provide an inert layer with which the medicament and its propellant will not react or combine in any way. The middle polymer layer is of nylon material to provide a propellant tight layer, to contain the propellant, whose molecules may be able to pass through the PTFE layer. The outer polymer layer is of polypropylene (PP) to provide both water tightness and mechanical integrity of the container.

## Background
This application is the US national phase of international application PCT/GB2005/004834 filed 14 Dec. 2005, which designated the U.S. and claims benefit of GB 0428204.2, filed 23 Dec. 2004, the entire contents of each of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
The present invention relates to a container for a medicament, particularly of not exclusively for use in a pressurised source of a medicament.
Sources of medicament having metered dose release valves conventionally are provided with aluminium containers of the medicament. As such, the user cannot see the amount of medicament left.
Expensive counters for counting the number of operations of the valve are coming to be provided to enable the user to assess the number of doses remaining.
The object of the present invention is to provide an alternative means of providing this assessment, namely visually.
According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a container for a medicament in a medicament source, the container having:

    
    
        a mouth with a rim for a closure of the medicament source,

the container including a plurality of layers of polymeric material, the layers comprising at least:

        an inner, substance-repellent layer;
        an outer gas-tight and liquid-impermeable layer,

the two layers being of transparent or at least translucent material.

    
    


According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a container for a medicament in a medicament source, the container having:

    
    
        a mouth with a rim for a closure of the medicament source,

the container including a plurality of layers of polymeric material, the layers comprising at least:

        an inner, substance-repellent layer;
        a second, gas-tight layer; and
        a third, liquid-impermeable layer,

the three layers being of transparent or at least translucent material.

    
    


The gas tight layer can be inside the liquid-impermeable layer or outside it.
Whilst other forms of closure can be envisaged, in particular welded closures, the usual closure is expected to be a crimp closure.
The inner layer is provided to avoid wetting of the inside surface of the container by the medicament or adsorption of it by the container's material. Suitably, polytetrafluoroethylene can be used for the inner layer.
The second gas-tight layer is provided to retain the medicament against permeation through the container under pressure and also to retain a propellant, within the container, where as is normally the case, the container is being used in a pressurised source of the medicament. Suitably, nylon can be used for the second layer.
The third layer is provided to retain the liquid carrier of the medicament, which will normally be water. Suitably, polypropylene can be used for the third layer. An further purpose of the third layer is to stop ingress of water from without the container, in particular where the medicament can degrade in the presence of water
A reinforcing layer may be provided. This may be a perforate metallic layer or a fibre reinforcement. The reinforcing layer may be added after moulding formation of the container or may be incorporated into the container during moulding.
The reinforcing layer will normally be perforate, open weave textile or possibly spirally wound, in order that the level of the medicament within the container can be assessed.
According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of producing the container of the first aspect, the method consisting in the steps of

    
    
        injection moulding a laminated preform and
        blowing the preform to finished shape.
    
    


The reinforcing layer can be included in the blowing mould prior to blowing of the preform to shape to suit.



To help understanding of the invention, a specific embodiment thereof will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a side view of a metered-dose, source of a medicament, the source including a container according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a similar cross-sectional side view of the container of the source of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a similar view of a preform for the container of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 longitudinal cross-sectional view of an injection moulding tool configured for injection of the inner layer of the container;
FIG. 5 is a similar view of the too 1 configured for injection of the second layer;
FIG. 6 is a third view of the tool configured for injection of the third layer; and
FIG. 7 is a similar view of the injection moulded preform blown to size in a blow moulding cavity.



Referring to the drawings, the medicament source 1 of FIG. 1 has a container 2 of the invention and a crimped closure 3. The closure sealingly holds to the container a metered-dose release valve, of which the spout 4 only is visible in FIG. 1.
As shown in FIG. 2, the container has a neck 5 and a protruding rim 6 at which the crimp locates. The container is of moulded polymer 7 and has an outer, perforate sleeve 8 of aluminium sleeve, providing mechanical strength for pressure retention. The neck has a relatively thicker wall thickness of polymer, enabling pressure retention and the polymer end 9 is domed inwards, also for pressure retention.
The polymer is of three layers or laminations. The innermost layer 11 is of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material. This is provided as an inert layer with which the medicament and its propellant will not react or combine in any way. The middle polymer layer is of nylon material. This is provided as a propellant tight layer 12, to contain the propellant, whose molecules may be able to pass through the PTFE layer. The outer polymer layer 14 is of polypropylene (PP). It is thicker than the other two layers to provide both water tightness and mechanical integrity of the container. The three polymer layers are in intimate contact with each other and the PP layer is in intimate contact with the aluminium.
Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4, the container 2 is formed as a blow moulding from the preform shown in FIG. 3, the preform being injection moulded in the tool shown in FIG. 4. The preform is a shorter, squatter configuration of the container, and as such will not be separately described, save to say that its layers are designated as follows:
inner PTFE layer 21
middle nylon layer 22
outer PP layer 24.
The operative parts only of the mould tool 25 are shown and comprise a male part 26 and a female part 27. The male part is conventional in having no moving parts, except for an expulsion air tappet valve 261 mounted in a male core part 262, the latter being integral with a backing plate 263. The female part on the other hand has several moving parts, including a central gate part 271, with three gates 2721 for PTFE, 2722 for nylon and 2723 for PP. The gate part is movable by the respective thickness of the layers 22 and 24, in other words for injection and moulding of the PTFE layer the central part is advanced towards the male core part 262 and spaced from it by the thickness of the PTFE layer. Then for injection of the nylon layer, the central part is withdrawn by the thickness of the nylon part and for injection of the PP layer it further withdrawn by the thickness of the PP layer. The mechanical and hydraulic details of the design of the central part and the mould tool in general are expected to be within the capabilities of the skilled man and as such will not be described in more detail.
Coaxial with the male core part 262 and the female gate part 271 are three sleeves 273, 274, 275, all individually and selectively withdrawable away from the male backing plate 263. The first sleeve is in its advanced position shown in FIG. 4 for moulding of the PTFE layer 21. This is moulded in the cavity formed between the male core part, the female gate part and the sleeve 273. For moulding of the nylon layer, the sleeve 273 is withdrawn as is the gate part 271 to its first withdrawn position. A mould cavity now exists between the PTFE layer 21, sleeve 274 and the gate part and the nylon layer is injected into this, see FIG. 5.
Both the PTFE and nylon layers are circular cylindrical, open at one end and closed at the other. The PP layer is similar saving having the shoulder or rim 6. To form this, not only is the sleeve 274 withdrawn, but also the outer sleeve 275 is partially withdrawn. Thus the mould cavity is formed to a shape suitable for moulding the PP layer complete with its shoulder, see FIG. 6. The circumference of the shoulder is formed against a fixed part 277 of the female mould part.
The resultant moulding is ejected from the injection moulding tool and transferred to the blow moulding tool 301, shown in FIG. 7. This a largely conventional tool, save that it is provided with a reinforcing sleeve 8 prior to insert of the preform. This is gripped at it shoulder 6 by mould features 302 and stretched by a rod 303 to its full use length. Gas is injected into the preform via drillings 304 in the rod and the preform is blown to its full diameter, in which the PP layer comes into intimate contact with the aluminium sleeve.
The invention is not intended to be restricted to the details of the above described embodiment. For instance, other polymers having like properties respectively to PTFE, nylon and PP may be used. Again other reinforcements such as fibre reinforcement can be used. Further it is envisaged that no reinforcement may be necessary. Again other processes than preform and blow moulding may be used for making containers of the invention.
Further, the invention is equally as applicable to non-metered dose pressurised sources of a medicament using a container of the invention as metered dose sources.

## Claims

1. A container comprising a pressurised medicament for use in a medicament source,
the container comprising a mouth with a rim for a closure of the medicament source,
the container comprising a plurality of layers comprising:
a first, inner, substance-repellent layer to repel the medicament;
a second gas-tight layer; and
a third, liquid-impermeable layer;
wherein said layers are of a polymeric material and
said layers are of transparent or translucent material, and
the container comprising the pressurised medicament comprises a pressurised propellant and a reinforcing layer including fibre reinforcement to retain the pressure of the pressurised medicament.

2. A container as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas tight layer is inside the liquid-impermeable layer.

3. A container as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas tight layer is outside the liquid-impermeable layer.

4. A container comprising a pressurised medicament for use in a medicament source,
the container comprising a mouth with a rim for a closure of the medicament source, and
the container comprising a plurality of layers comprising:
an inner, substance-repellent layer to repel the medicament; and
an outer gas-tight and liquid-impermeable layer;
wherein said layers are of polymeric material and
said layers are of transparent or translucent material and the container comprising the pressurised medicament comprises a pressurised propellant and a reinforcing layer including fibre reinforcement to retain the pressure of the pressurised medicament.

5. A container as claimed in claim 4 or claim 1, including a welded closure or a crimp closure.

6. A container as claimed in claim 4 or claim 1, wherein the container is moulded and the reinforcing layer is incorporated in a post-moulding addition to the container.

7. A container as claimed in claim 4 or claim 1, wherein the reinforcing layer is incorporated into the container as moulded.

8. A container as claimed in claim 4 or claim 1, wherein the reinforcing layer is perforate, of open weave textile or spirally wound for visual assessment of the level of the medicament within the container.

9. A container as claimed in claim 4 or claim 1, wherein said inner layer comprises polytetrafluoroethylene.

10. A container as claimed in claim 4 or claim 1, wherein said gas-tight layer comprises nylon.

11. A container as claimed in claim 4 or 1, wherein the reinforcing layer includes a pressure retaining sleeve surrounding said plurality of polymeric layers.

12. The container of claim 11 wherein said sleeve is perforated.

13. The container of claim 12 wherein said sleeve is aluminium.

14. A method of moulding a container as claimed in claim 4 or claim 1, the method consisting in the steps of:
injection moulding a laminated preform,
including a reinforcing layer including fibre reinforcement in a blowing mould, and
blowing the preform to finished shape in the mould.