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Title:   Author  item
                                            Bickhart, Derekitem
                                            XU, LINGYANG - University Of Marylanditem
                                            Hutchison, Janaitem
                                            Cole, Johnitem
                                            Null, Danielitem
                                            Schroeder, Steven

                                                         - *Steve*item
                                            SONG, JIUZHOU - University Of Marylanditem
                                            GARCIA, JOSE FERNANDO - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)item
                                            Van Tassell, Curtis

                                                         - *Curt*item
                                            SONSTEGARD, TAD - Former ARS Employeeitem
                                            SCHNABEL, ROBERT - University Of Missouriitem
                                            TAYLOR, JEREMY - University Of Missouriitem
                                            LEWIN, HARRIS - University Of Californiaitem
                                            Liu, Ge

                                                         - *George*
  Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 1/9/2016
                                    Publication  Date: 1/9/2016
                                    Citation: Bickhart, D.M., Xu, L., Hutchison, J.L., Cole, J.B., Null, D.J., Schroeder, S.G., Song, J., Garcia, J., Van Tassell, C.P., Sonstegard, T.S., Schnabel, R.D., Taylor, J.F., Lewin, H.A., Liu, G. 2016. Diversity and population-genetic properties of copy number variations and multicopy genes in cattle [abstract]. USDA NIFA Animal Genome Program PD Meeting, January 8, 2016, San Diego, California.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: The diversity and population-genetics of copy number variation (CNV) in domesticated animals are not well understood. In this study, we analyzed 75 genomes of major taurine and indicine cattle breeds (including Angus, Brahman, Gir, Holstein, Jersey, Limousin, Nelore, Romagnola), sequenced to 11-fold coverage to identify 1,853 nonredundant CNV regions. With high validation rates by array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and qPCR, this CNV dataset covers 3.1% (87.5 Mb) of the cattle genome, representing a dramatic increase over previous estimates (~2%). Further population genetics and evolutionary genomics analyses based on these CNVs revealed the population structures of the cattle taurine and indicine breeds and uncovered potential diversely selected CNVs near important functional genes, including AOX1, ASZ1, GAT, GLYAT, and KRTAP9-1. Additionally, hundreds of CNVs were found to be either breed specific or differentially variable across breeds, such as RICTOR in dairy breeds and PNPLA3 in beef breeds. In contrast, clusters of the PRP and PAG genes were found to be duplicated in all sequenced animals, suggesting that subfunctionalization, neofunctionalization or overdominance play roles in diversifying those fertility related genes. These CNV results provide a new glimpse into the diverse selection histories of cattle breeds and a basis for correlating structural variation with complex traits in the future.


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