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Title:   Author  item
                                            Grabber, Johnitem
                                            Coblentz, Wayneitem
                                            Riday, Heathcliffeitem
                                            CASSIDA, K - Michigan State Universityitem
                                            GRIGGS, T - West Virginia Universityitem
                                            MIN, D - Kansas State Universityitem
                                            MAC ADAM, J - Utah State University
  Submitted to: ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 6/6/2014
                                    Publication  Date: 11/2/2014
                                    Citation: Grabber, J.H., Coblentz, W.K., Riday, H., Cassida, K.A., Griggs, T.C., Min, D.H., Mac Adam, J.W. 2014. Yield, morphological development, and forage quality characteristics of European- and Mediterranean-derived birdsfoot trefoil cultivars grown in the colder continental United States [abstract]. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts. Paper No. 86713.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: North American birdsfoot trefoil (BFT) cultivars such as Norcen produce forage with low condensed tannin (CT) concentrations that may be insufficient for optimal livestock performance. Our objective was to identify European and Mediterranean cultivars with higher CT concentrations that would be suitable for production in the colder continental United States. Fourteen BFT cultivars were established during 2005 in Michigan, Utah, Wisconsin, and West Virginia and harvested under a two- or three-cut management to determine morphological development, chemical composition, and degradability of herbage in 2006 and dry matter yield (DMY) in 2006 and 2007. During 2006, variances in crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and in vitro true dry matter degradability (IVTDMD) were mainly influenced by location-harvest environments, while CT and protease undegradable protein (PUP) were equally influenced by cultivar and environment. Earlier-maturing cultivars such as Bokor, AU Dewey, Rodeo, and Grasslands Goldie produced herbage with relatively high concentrations of CT and PUP, but not undesirably low CP and IVTDMD or high NDF, ADF, and ADL concentrations compared with Norcen. The high CT cultivar Bokor was noteworthy because it possessed relatively low fiber concentrations, but high IVTDMD and PUP suggesting it may have a greater intake potential and feed use efficiency than most other BFT cultivars examined in our study. By the second production year in 2007, total DMY in UT exceeded WI by twofold and MI by ninefold, and total DMY of the moderate CT-containing cultivar Lotar surpassed most other cultivars, suggesting it may be well suited for forage production in the United States. Additional studies are needed to identify optimal CT concentrations in BFT for ruminants and to improve the compositional uniformity and yield of harvested BFT in various environments.


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