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Title:   Author  item
                                            KIM, JI EUN - US Department Of Agriculture (USDA)item
                                            Lillehoj, Hyunitem
                                            LEE, SUNG HYEN - US Department Of Agriculture (USDA)item
                                            LILLEHOJ, ERIK - University Of Marylanditem
                                            BRAVO, DAVID - US Department Of Agriculture (USDA)
  Submitted to: American Veterinary Medical Association Abstract
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 3/10/2015
                                    Publication  Date: N/A
                                    Citation: N/AInterpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Necrotic enteritis (NE) is among the most economically important enteric diseases affecting the poultry industry worldwide.  In an effort to develop alternatives to antibiotics strategies to reduce the negative impact of NE to gut health, we investigated the efficacy of a dietary phytonutrient mixture, Capsicum and Curcuma oleoresins (XTRACT' Nature: XT), on disease susceptibility to NE caused by co-infections with Eimeria maxima and Clostridium perfringens, and the role of gut microbiota community in three commercial broiler chicken breeds, Cobb, Ross and Hubbard.  Dietary XT significantly improved body weights and reduced the gut lesions in all three breeds compared with their respective control groups (P<0.05).  The results of pyrotag deep sequencing using bacterial 16S rRNA gene showed that bacterial profiles in the ileum were quite distinct depending on the broiler breed type.  Interestingly, Candidatus Arthromitus, a segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) involved in regulating T cells on the mucosa surface, was commonly identified as a key gut microbe in untreated and uninfected (control group), untreated and infected (NE group) and  treated and infected (NE + XT group) in Cobb and Hubbard broilers and a control group in Ross, indicating a potential immune regulatory role of Candidatus Arthromitus in the ileum of three broiler breeds. These new findings increase our understanding of the positive effect of dietary phytonutrients as alternatives to antibiotics and the possible role of gut microbiota in local immune regulation in broiler chickens.  This study is the first to report on the effects of dietary phytonutrients on a differential immune modulatory role for gut microbiota in commercial broiler breeds and opens a new avenue to reduce the use of antibiotics in poultry disease control.


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