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Title:   Author  item
                                            Sanchez, Nicoleitem
                                            Carroll, Jeffery

                                                         - *Jeff Carroll*item
                                            CORLEY, JIMMIE - Lesaffre Yeastitem
                                            BROADWAY, PAUL - Texas Tech Universityitem
                                            BUTYN, JOE - University Of Nebraskaitem
                                            SCHMIDT, TY - University Of Nebraskaitem
                                            Callaway, Todd
  Submitted to: Journal of Animal Science Supplement
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 11/27/2013
                                    Publication  Date: 7/1/2014
                                    Citation: Sanchez, N.C., Carroll, J.A., Corley, J.R., Broadway, P.R., Butyn, J.O., Schmidt, T.B., Callaway, T.R. 2014. Yeast cell wall supplementation alters immune parameters in response to a salmonella challenge in weaned pigs. Journal of Animal Science Supplement. 92(E-Suppl. 1):27-28 (Abstract #74).Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the immune response of pigs supplemented with yeast cell wall (YCW) when challenged with Salmonella.  Weaned pigs (n=39; 7.1+/-0.1 kilograms body weight) were individually housed in pens (1.2x0.6 meters) in an environmentally-controlled facility equipped with nipple waterers and feeders allowing ad libitum water and feed intake.  Pigs were weighed upon arrival, blocked by body weight, and assigned to one of three treatments (n = 12/treatment): Control diet, which was a non-medicated starter diet (Control); control diet supplemented with YCW at 250 miligrams/kilogram (YCW250); and control diet supplemented with YCW at 500 milograms/kilogram (YCW500).  Pigs were fed for 18 days, and pigs and feeders were weighed weekly.  Pigs were anesthetized on day 7 to insert intraperitoneal temperature recording devices (TEMP) and on day 14 to insert jugular cannulas. On day 15 blood samples were collected at 6 hour intervals from -6 to 72 hours relative to oral Salmonella typhimurium (10^6 colony forming unites/pig) challenge.  Serum was analyzed for cortisol, and whole blood was utilized to measure complete blood cell counts.  Data were analyzed using the Mixed procedure of SAS specific for repeated measures.  Control pigs had greater (P=0.006) average daily gain prior to the challenge than YCW500 pigs. Baseline TEMP was greater (P<0.001) in YCW250 pigs than Control and YCW500 pigs.  There was a treatment x time interaction for the change in TEMP (P<0.01) and post-challenge cortisol (P=0.03), white blood cells (WBC; P=0.03), and neutrophils (P=0.02).  Control pigs had greater (P=0.048) cortisol at 0 hour than both YCW-supplemented groups but had less (P=0.039) cortisol compared to YCW500 pigs at 24 and 30 hours post-challenge.  Control pigs had greater (P=0.020) WBC counts than both YCW-supplemented groups 6 and 12 hours post-challenge, and YCW250 pigs had lower (P=0.011) WBC counts than Control and YCW500 pigs 18 hours post-challenge.  Neutrophil counts were greater (P=0.043) in Control pigs than both YCW-supplemented groups at 6 and 12 hours post-challenge and greater (P=0.022) than YCW250 pigs at 18 hours post-challenge.  Lymphocytes were greater (P<0.001) in Control and YCW500 pre- and post-challenge compared to YCW250 pigs.  Control pigs had the greatest (P<0.001) monocyte counts compared to YCW-supplemented pigs.  This study suggests that YCW supplementation decreases TEMP and specific WBC subtypes to an oral Salmonella challenge, which is similar to pervious results observed in cattle.


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