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Title:   Author  item
                                            HERNANDEZ-CASTELLANO, LORENZO - University Of Bernitem
                                            FERREIRA, ANA - Instituto De Tecnologia Quimica E Biologicaitem
                                            NANNI, PAOLO - University Of Zurichitem
                                            GROSSMANN, JONAS - University Of Zurichitem
                                            ARGUELLO, ANASTASIO - University Of Las Palmas De Gran Canariaitem
                                            CAPOTE, JUAN - The Canarian Institute Of Agricultural Researchitem
                                            Cai, Guohongitem
                                            Lippolis, Johnitem
                                            CASTRO, NOEMI - University Of Las Palmas De Gran Canariaitem
                                            ALMEIDA, ANDRE - Ross University School Of Veterinary Medicine
  Submitted to: Journal of Proteomics
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 3/21/2016
                                    Publication  Date: 3/18/2016
                                    Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/63144Citation: Hernandez-Castellano, L.E., Ferreira, A.M., Nanni, P., Grossmann, J., Arguello, A., Capote, J., Cai, G., Lippolis, J.D., Castro, N., Almeida, A.M. 2016. The goat (Capra hircus) mammary gland secretory tissue proteome as influenced by weight loss: A study using label free proteomics. Journal of Proteomics. 145:60-69. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.03.030.Interpretive Summary: Seasonal weight loss (SWL) is a significant limitation to animal production. Breeds that have evolved in harsh climates have acquired tolerance to SWL through selection. We compared protein expression levels from mammary gland biopsies from two goat breeds, one tolerant and the other susceptible to seasonal weight loss.  The breed that is tolerant to seasonal weight loss showed higher expression of immune system related proteins.  In contrast, susceptible breed showed higher expression of proteins related to apoptosis. Results indicate that the two goat breeds have a distinct metabolism reaction to SWL, and that proteins related to the immune system and apoptosis could be considered putative candidates as markers of tolerance to SWL.
                                Technical Abstract: Seasonal weight loss (SWL) is a significant limitation to animal production. Breeds that have evolved in harsh climates have acquired tolerance to SWL through selection. Herein, labelfree proteomics was used to characterize the effects of SWL in two goat breeds with different levels of adaptation to nutritional stress: Majorera (tolerant) and Palmera (susceptible). Ten Majorera and 10 Palmera dairy goats were used, divided in 4 sets, 2 for each breed: underfed	and a control group: Majorera Control (MC), Palmera Control (PC), Majorera Restricted (ME) and Palmera Restricted (PE). At day 22, mammary gland biopsy samples were obtained. Label free proteomic analysis enabled the identification of over 1000 proteins, of which 96	showed  differential  expression  between  two  of  the  groups  within  studied  comparisons.Majorera breed showed higher expression of immune system related proteins. In contrast, Palmera breed showed higher expression of proteins related to apoptosis. Results indicate that the two goat breeds have a distinct metabolism reaction to SWL, and that proteins related to the  immune  system  and  apoptosis  such  as  Cadherin-13,  Collagen  alpha-1,  Nidogen-2, Clusterin  and  Protein  S100-A8  could  be  considered  putative  candidates  as  markers  of	tolerance to SWL.


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