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Title:   Author  item
                                            HYUN, DO-YOON - Rural Development Administration - Koreaitem
                                            CHOI, YU-MI - Rural Development Administration - Koreaitem
                                            LEE, SUKYEUNG - Rural Development Administration - Koreaitem
                                            LEE, MYUNG-CHUL - Rural Development Administration - Koreaitem
                                            OH, SEJONG - Rural Development Administration - Koreaitem
                                            Tai, Thomas
  Submitted to: Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 9/11/2015
                                    Publication  Date: 10/1/2015
                                    Citation: Hyun, D., Choi, Y., Lee, S., Lee, M., Oh, S., Tai, T. 2015. Selection of tolerant rice germplasm through phenotypic and genotypic evaluation for germination under low temperatures. Plant Breeding and Biotechnology. 3(3):253-263.Interpretive Summary: Direct-seeding rice production systems require varieties which have characteristics that support germination and early of development of plants that will result in strong stand establishment and uniform maturity. In temperate and high elevation areas, strong germination at low temperatures is highly desirable. Molecular markers were previously developed for the low-temperature germinability (LTG) trait and used to genotype a germplasm panel of 180 accessions from North and South Korea, China, and Japan. In this study, these marker data were used to establish the genetic relationships of these germplasm and to identify accessions that are good candidates for use in breeding of improved LTG in varieties for direct-seeding systems.
                                Technical Abstract: Low temperature germinability (LTG) is an important trait for stand establishment in the direct-seeding method of rice cultivation. In temperate growing regions, water temperature during sowing season is frequently below 15°C resulting in poor crop establishment. The objective of this study was to select enhanced rice germplasm for low temperature germinability. Association of the phenotype for LTG with the genotype for qLTG3-1, a major QTL for LTG, in japonica rice accessions (n = 180) from East Asia was conducted. A highly significant association was observed between qLTG3-1 alleles and tolerant ('2 = 56.617, P = 5.08E-13) or sensitive ('2 = 32.844, P = 7.38E-08) accessions. Association of genotype and phenotype by the origin suggested the germplasm panel used in this study were closely associated with cold environment at the germination stage. Genotypic data from 32 SNP markers derived from previously reported LTG QTLs showed a mean polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.248 and an average gene diversity of 0.307. A neighbor-joining tree clustered 23 tolerant accessions into one group and the genotypic data for four of the markers revealed that all of these accessions had the alternative allele for the qLTG3-1 and qLTG2-6 markers and the reference allele at the qLTG11-1 marker.  Sensitive accessions clustered into one group and harbored the reference allele at the qLTG4-3 marker. Ten germplasm accessions selected after phenotypic and genotypic evaluation for LTG are temperate japonica cultivars or breeding lines and may contribute to the breeding of rice varieties for direct-seeding systems.


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