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 Citrus and Other Subtropical Products Research: Fort Pierce, FL
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ARS Home Southeast Area Fort Pierce, Florida U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory Citrus and Other Subtropical Products Research Research Publications at this Location





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Title:   Author  item
                                            Raithore, Smitaitem
                                            Dea, Sharonitem
                                            McCollum, Thomasitem
                                            Manthey, Johnitem
                                            Bai, Jinheitem
                                            LECLAIR, CLOTILDE - Ecole Nationale Superieuritem
                                            HIJAZ, FARAJ - University Of Floridaitem
                                            NARCISO, JAN - Former ARS Employeeitem
                                            Baldwin, Elizabeth

                                                         - *Liz*item
                                            Plotto, Anne
  Submitted to: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 1/17/2015
                                    Publication  Date: 2/26/2016
                                    Citation: Raithore, S., Dea, S., Mccollum, T.G., Manthey, J.A., Bai, J., Leclair, C., Hijaz, F., Narciso, J., Baldwin, E.A., Plotto, A. 2016. Development of delayed bitterness and effect of harvest date in stored juice from two complex citrus hybrids. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 96:422-429.Interpretive Summary: Tangerines are increasingly popular as citrus fruit and their juice has recently been marketed on a limited basis.  New hybrids were tested for optimal harvest date and for “delayed bitterness” which can be a problem for Navel orange and tangerine juices, but varies by genetic background. In this study two mandarin hybrid siblings were tested by sensory and instrumental analyses for flavor descriptors and flavor chemical compounds. One of the hybrids was found to have the delayed bitterness characteristic and, thus, is not a good candidate for juicing.
                                Technical Abstract: Mandarins and mandarin hybrids have excellent flavor and color attributes making them good candidates for consumption as fresh fruit. When processed into juice, however, they are not very palatable as they develop delayed bitterness when stored for a period of time. In this study, kinetics of delayed bitterness in two mandarin hybrid siblings: Ambersweet and USDA 105-106 were explored by sensory and instrumental analyses. In addition to the limonoids, sugars, acids, pH, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA) and the ratio of SSC and TA were also measured. The two mandarin hybrid siblings had different chemical profiles, which were perceived by taste panels. USDA 105-106 developed delayed bitterness when the juice was stored for more than 4 hours at or below 10 °C, similar to juice from Navel oranges but Ambersweet did not. Bitterness in Ambersweet was more affected by harvest maturity as juice from earlier harvests had lower SSC but higher TA as well as two bitter limonoids. Since juice of USDA-105-106 shows delayed bitterness when stored for more than 4 hours, this cultivar is not suitable for juice processing. Our finding that siblings can differ in chemical and sensory properties emphasize the importance of post-processing storage studies before releasing cultivars for juice.


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