U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory: Beltsville, MD
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    Resources
                        Our ScientistsSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Northeast Area Beltsville, Maryland (BARC) Beltsville Agricultural Research Center Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            OCHIAI, ERI - University Of Kentuckyitem
                                            BROGLI, MORGAN - University Of Kentuckyitem
                                            KUDO, TOMOYA - University Of Kentuckyitem
                                            WANG, XISHENG - University Of Kentuckyitem
                                            Dubey, Jitenderitem
                                            SUZUKI, YASUHIRO - University Of Kentucky
  Submitted to: American Journal of Pathology
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 2/20/2015
                                    Publication  Date: 2/20/2015
                                    Citation: Ochiai, E., Brogli, M., Kudo, T., Wang, X., Dubey, J.P., Suzuki, Y. 2015. CXCL9 Is Important for Recruiting Immune T Cells into the Brain and Inducing an accumulation of the T Cells to the areas of tachyzoite proliferation to prevent reactivation of chronic cerebral infection with Toxoplasma gondii. American Journal of Pathology. 185(2):314-24.Interpretive Summary: Toxoplasmosis continues to be a major public health problem in the US. The single celled parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, causes abortion in livestock and mental retardation in children. Approximately 30% of adult humans in the US have been exposed to this parasite. Toxoplasmosis is asymptomatic in most adult persons but it can be lethal in those with immnuedeficiencies such as persons with AIDS or those on immunotherapy for transplant or cancer treatment. In these patients the dormant parasite is reactivated resulting in destruction of tissues. The mechanism for reactivation is not fully understood. In the present papers authors explain the mechanism of reactivation of infection. Most persons infected with this This finding will be of interest to Parasitologists, immunologists, and scientists in general.
                                Technical Abstract: T cells are required to maintain the latency of chronic infection with Toxoplasma gondii in the brain. In the present study, we examined the role of non-ELR (glutamic acid-leucine-arginine) CXC chemokine CXCL9 for T cell recruitment to prevent reactivation of infection with T. gondii. SCID mice were infected and treated with sulfadiazine to establish a chronic infection. Immune T cells from infected wild-type mice were transferred into the animals in combination with treatment with anti-CXCL9 or control sera. Three days later, sulfadiazine was discontinued to initiate reactivation of infection. Numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells isolated from the brains were markedly less in mice treated with anti-CXCL9 serum than those treated with control serum at 3 days after sulfadiazine discontinuation. Amounts of tachyzoite(acute stage form of T. gondii)-specific SAG1 mRNA and numbers of foci associated with tachyzoites were significantly greater in the former than the latter at 5 days after sulfadiazine discontinuation. An accumulation of CD3+ T cells into the areas of tachyzoite growth was significantly less frequent in the animals treated with anti-CXCL9 serum than those treated with control serum. These results indicate that CXCL9 is crucial for recruiting immune T cells into the brain and inducing an accumulation of the T cells into the areas where tachyzoites proliferate to prevent reactivation of chronic T. gondii infection.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov