# Patent

## Title
Single actuator configuration for a camera module

## Abstract

Systems and methods for camera modules having a movable lens barrel, allowing a maximum lens diameter with minimal outside dimensions are disclosed. At least one single linear actuator is moving the lens barrel. Each actuator is deployed in an own corner of the camera module. The moving lens barrel is guided by rolling elements bearings. The actuator comprises a stator, comprising one or more coils wrapped around a rod of magnetic metal and an anchor comprising one or more permanent magnets, which are tightly attached to the lens barrel. An offset between the longitudinal center line of magnets of the anchor and the center of the stator generates a permanent force pushing the lens barrel in direction of the stator of the motor and consequently pushes protrusions on the lens barrel onto the rolling elements bearings, thus preventing the bearings to fall apart in case of a mechanical shock.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is related to the following US patent applications:
Titled “Camera module having a low-friction movable lens”, Ser. No. 12/661,752, filing date Mar. 23, 2010,
Titled “Twin-actuator configuration for a camera module”, Ser. No. 12/661,755, filing date Mar. 23, 2010, and
Titled “Linear motor with integrated position sensor”, Ser. No. 12/799,947, filing date May 5, 2010,
which are assigned to the same assignee. The contents of these applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
(1) Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to camera modules and relates more specifically to camera modules having a movable lens barrel and wherein the actuators are deployed in a way to achieve minimal size of the camera module.
(2) Description of the Prior Art
Digital camera modules are used with many electronic devices such as e.g. mobile phones, personal data assistants (PDAs), computers, etc. These camera modules have to be as small as possible, reliable, and easy to be used, robust and require minimal power consumption. Furthermore the design of the camera modules should allow low manufacturing cost, while the quality of the images has to conform to a high standard.
Therefore modern camera modules should allow auto-focusing and minimal friction of the bearing for a movable lens barrel in order to achieve precise focusing of the camera.
It is important that the camera modules, which are to be built in mobile electronic devices as e.g. mobile phones, require minimal size. It is a challenge for the designers of camera modules to develop auto-focus camera modules having a reliable drive for moving a lens barrel having minimal size and consuming minimal power.
Solutions dealing with the design of cameras and related auto-focus drives are described in following patents:
U.S. patent (U.S. Pat. No. 7,400,068 to Tseng) teaches a voice coil motor apparatus applied to an auto-focus or variable-focus lens module of a miniaturized camera including: a voice coil motor, a plurality of steel guidance shafts, a lens holder, and a base. The voice coil motor also includes a magnetic part including magnets and yokes, and an electrical part including a coil winding. The magnetic part is rigidly coupled to the lens holder to form the moving member. The electrical part and the steel guidance shafts are fixed on the base to form the non-moving member. The pre-loaded force due to the interaction between the leakage flux of the magnetic part and the steel guidance shafts eliminates the free-play resulting from the tolerance gap between the moving and the non-moving members, and that the magnets and the yokes form a non-circular magnetic structure having a rectangular contour in order to minimize the overall dimension.
U.S. patent (U.S. Pat. No. 4,873,542 to Nakayama) discloses an auto-focus camera having a focusing lens supporting feed screw rod supported substantially parallel to the lens optical axis and having a slit for focusing at its one end, and a spacer nut meshed with a feed screw portion of the feed screw rod, so that is longitudinal movement is prevented, and rotated by the focus control motor.
U.S. patent (U.S. Pat. No. 4,783,676 to Aihara et al.) discloses a lens drive device for a camera driving a lens by a motor to a position preset by an operator. The lens position is stored in a memory. When the lens is to be moved to the stored position while the lens is moved by an auto-focus device to an in-focus position, the lens is instantly moved by the motor to the stored position based on the data stored in the memory.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A principal object of the present invention is to achieve methods and systems to achieve camera modules having a movable lens barrel, allowing a maximum lens diameter with minimal outside dimensions
A further object of the present invention is to use only one actuator to move the lens barrel.
A further object of the present invention is to deploy the actuator in a separate corner of the camera module.
A further object of the present invention is to use rolling bearings to guide the movements of the lens barrel.
A further object of the present invention is to secure a safe operation of the rolling-elements bearings in case of a mechanic shock.
In accordance with the objects of this invention a method for camera modules having a movable lens barrel allowing a maximum lens diameter with minimal outside dimensions has been achieved. The method invented comprises the following steps of: (1) providing a camera module comprising a movable lens barrel driven by at least one single linear actuator, (2) deploying the actuator in a corner of the camera module, (3) guiding the movements of the lens barrel driven by said at least one actuator to a desired position by rolling elements bearings, and (4) applying a pre-load force to the rolling elements bearings, wherein this force is present in any position of the lens barrel.
In accordance with the objects of this invention a camera module having a movable lens barrel, allowing a maximum lens diameter with minimal outside dimensions has been achieved. The camera module invented comprises: an image sensor, a shutter with an aperture function driven by a linear motor, said motor driving the shutter, wherein the motor has an integrated position sensing system, and a movable lens barrel. Furthermore the camera module invented comprises at least one linear actuator to move said lens barrel, wherein each actuator is deployed in an own corner of the camera module, wherein the actuators are generating a pre-load force on rolling elements bearings, an integrated circuit controlling the motor driving the shutter and the actuators moving the lens barrel, and said rolling elements bearings wherein the rolling elements of each bearing are moving between the lens barrel and a fixed part of the camera.
In accordance with the objects of this invention a camera module having a movable lens barrel, allowing a maximum lens diameter with minimal outside dimensions has been achieved. The camera module invented comprises: a movable lens barrel, at least one single linear actuator to move said lens barrel, wherein each actuator comprises a stator, fastened on a frame of the camera module, and an anchor, fastened on the lens barrel, and wherein each actuator is deployed in an own corner of the camera module, and a means to guide the movements of the lens barrel.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the accompanying drawings forming a material part of this description, there is shown:
FIG. 1 shows an oblique view a camera module of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a top view on the camera module invented illustrating the lens and actuator integration.
FIG. 3a illustrates the magnetic retention system of the present invention.
FIG. 3b shows in detail a top view of the actuator of the present invention including the coil assembly of the stator and the magnet assembly of the moving anchor.
FIG. 4 illustrates an arrangement of a lens barrel, ball bearings and an actuator.
FIG. 5 illustrates a top view of the camera module invented inclusive ball cages of ball bearings.
FIG. 6 shows a side view of an arrangement of balls, a ball cage, and a correspondent bearing pin.
FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method invented for camera modules comprising a movable lens barrel, allowing a maximum lens diameter with minimal outside dimensions.



DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The preferred embodiments disclose methods and systems to design camera modules having a movable lens barrel driven by a single linear actuator and allowing a maximum lens diameter with minimal outside dimensions.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are characterized by using only one linear actuator to move a lens barrel. This single actuator is located in one corner of a camera module. It should be understood that alternatively more than one actuator could be used to drive the lens barrel. Using actuators with more than one anchor would be possible as well.
In preferred embodiments of the invention an actuator with integrated position detection is used to drive the movable lens barrel and to control an actual position of the lens barrel, e.g. as disclosed in the patent application titled “Linear motor with integrated position sensor”, Ser. No. 12/799,947, filing date May 5, 2010. Other position sensing methods as e.g. capacitive sensors or Hall sensors could be used as well.
All embodiments of the present invention achieve minimal outer dimensions by using one actuator only to move the lens barrel and have this actuator deployed in a corner of the camera module. The actuators can be built smaller if more than one actuator is used.
In a first preferred embodiment, the invention has been used with a camera module using ball bearings as shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 1 shows an oblique view of an embodiment of the camera module invented. It shows a single actuator unit 1 comprising a flexible printed circuit (FPC), a stator 5, having two coils 2 wrapped around magnetic metal as e.g. iron, and an anchor, comprising two magnets fastened on it. Alternatively only one coil or more than two coils could be used with the stator and also only one magnet or more than two magnets could be deployed on the anchor. The anchor is firmly attached to the lens barrel. The actuator is driving the lens barrel 3 to a position desired along the optical axis of the camera dependent upon currents in the two coils. The actuator may have an integrated position sensing capability or other methods to sense the position of the moving lens barrel can be applied, i.e. using for example capacitive sensors, Hall sensor or magnetic sensors.
Furthermore the camera comprises a module carrier 4, comprising an integrated circuit (IC) to control the operation of the camera and an image sensor.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention a bidirectional actuator, comprising the stator having coils wrapped around magnetic metal, preferably iron, and the moving anchor having at least at least one permanent magnet, is deployed to move the lens barrel shown in of FIGS. 1-2. The actuator is used to move the lens barrel and the permanent magnet is mounted on the lens barrel and the iron carrying the coils is mounted on the carrier.
Furthermore FIG. 1 shows a movable lens barrel 3, which is moved by the actuator unit 1 and guided by e.g. rolling elements bearings (not shown in FIG. 1) to achieve minimal friction of the movement of the lens barrel. The actuator fits into one of the corners of the camera module with minimum extra space requirement because the lens and lens barrel are round and the camera module is rectangular.
FIG. 2 shows a top view on the camera module invented illustrating the lens and actuator integration. It shows the coil assembly 2 of the stator, the magnet assembly 20 of the moving anchor, which is firmly attached to the lens barrel 3, and the ball bearings 21. Alternatively any rolling elements bearings, as e.g. roller bearings could be used as well instead of ball bearings. Furthermore a nose 22 is deployed on the lens barrel for one or more rolling elements bearing, wherein the balls are moving between a corresponding nose 22 and a fixed frame 23. Placing the actuator and rolling elements bearings 21 in corners of the camera module as shown in FIG. 2 allows a maximum diameter of the lens barrel 3 in a given package size.
FIG. 3a illustrates the magnetic retention system of the present invention. In order to minimize the force required for lens displacement, mechanical sources of friction need to be eliminated as far as possible. The magnetic retention system has no friction sources except the rolling elements bearings.
As shown in detail in FIG. 3b there is an offset between the longitudinal center line of the magnets of the anchor and the longitudinal center line of the stator, i.e. the midline of the coils. This offset generates a permanent force in the direction of the arrow of FIG. 3a, i.e. independently of the actual position of the lens barrel, which is moving along the optical axis, this force pushes the lens barrel in the direction of the stator of the motor and consequently pushes the nose 30 of the lens barrel onto the correspondent rolling elements bearing, thus preventing the rolling element bearing to fall apart in case of a mechanical shock. In a preferred embodiment of the invention ball bearings 31 and 32 are used for rolling elements bearings and furthermore the part of the nose 30 pushing on the rolling element, e.g. ball 31, has about a same orientation as a midline of the linear actuator. In the preferred embodiment of FIG. 3a a nose in form of a protrusion 32 is deployed in order to provide a area to put pressure on the ball 32, wherein this pressure is provided by the bearings pre-load of the actuator. Each rolling element of the bearings is moving between a correspondent nose or protrusion 30/32 of the moving lens barrel, the fixed frame 21 of the camera module, and also potentially a part of the lens barrel being close to the corresponding nose/protrusion.
It should be noted that FIG. 3a illustrates a non-limiting example of the camera module invented. Other kinds of rolling elements bearings, other numbers of rolling elements bearings, and other geometries of the noses/protrusions could alternatively be used with the present invention.
FIG. 3b shows the area surrounded by dotted lines of FIG. 3a enlarged. It shows in detail a top view of the actuator of the present invention including the coil assembly 2 of the stator and the magnet assembly 20 of the moving anchor. The one or more permanent magnets of the magnet assembly 20 generate an attraction force to the metal coil core of the stator 2.
The arrows 34 illustrate the direction of magnetic force used for the pre-load of the bearings indendent of the actual position of the lens barrel, which can be moved to a position desired along the optical axis of the camera module.
FIG. 4 illustrates a preferred embodiment of an arrangement of a lens barrel, ball bearings and an actuator comprising a stator 5 and an anchor 20 according to the invention. The same numerals for like components are used with FIG. 4 as with FIGS. 1-3 a+b. FIG. 4 depicts a lens barrel 3, wherein the anchor 20 with one or more permanent magnets is fixedly fastened on the lens barrel 20. The stator comprises two coils 2 wrapped around a piece of magnetic metal. On the left side of the lens barrel are two balls 31 and an arrangement of correspondent noses 30. On the opposite side of the lens barrels are two balls 32 and a correspondent protrusion 33.
FIG. 5 illustrates a top view of the camera module invented inclusive ball cages of ball bearings. FIG. 5 shows again the lens barrel 3, a stator 5 of the actuator and a correspondent anchor 20, a ball 31 with a correspondent nose 30, and on the opposite side a ball 32 with a correspondent protrusion 33. Furthermore it shows ball cages 50 around both balls 31 and 32 and a bearing pin 51 for each ball bearing. This bearing pin 51 is used to avoid creeping of the lens barrel by keeping balls and cages in place in case of any mechanical shock. Such a bearing pin has been disclosed in the patent application titled “camera module having a low-friction movable lens”, Ser. No. 12/661,752, filing date Mar. 23, 2010.
FIG. 6 shows a side view of an arrangement of balls, a ball cage 50, and a correspondent bearing pin 51. The ball cage 51 is used to keep a constant distance between the balls of the ball bearings. In case that other types of rolling elements bearings are used correspondent rolling elements cages can be used as well but might not be absolutely required.
FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method invented for camera modules comprising a movable lens barrel, allowing a maximum lens diameter with minimal outside dimensions. A first step 70 describes the provision of a camera module comprising a movable lens barrel driven by at least one single linear actuator. The next step 71 illustrates deploying the actuator in a corner of the camera module. Step 72 describes guiding the movements of the lens barrel driven by said at least one actuator to a desired position by rolling elements bearings. These rolling elements bearings could be any kind of rolling elements bearings such as e.g. ball bearings, roller bearings, etc. In a preferred embodiment of the invention two rolling elements bearings have been deployed. Other number of such bearings could be deployed as well. Step 73 describes applying a pre-load force to the rolling elements bearings, wherein this force is present in any position of the lens barrel.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to the preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

## Claims

1. A method for camera modules having a movable lens barrel allowing a maximum lens diameter with minimal outside dimensions, comprising the following steps:
(1) providing a camera module comprising a movable lens barrel driven by at least one single linear actuator;
(2) deploying the actuator in a corner of the camera module;
(3) guiding the movements of the lens barrel driven by said at least one actuator to a desired position by rolling elements bearings, wherein protrusions are deployed on the lens barrels in order to hold the rolling elements bearings together in case of a mechanical shock, wherein each protrusion has about a same orientation as a midline of the linear actuator; and
(4) applying a pre-load force to the rolling elements bearings, wherein this force is present in any position of the lens barrel.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein each actuator is deployed in an own corner of the camera module.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the linear actuator comprises a stator, comprising one or more coils wrapped around a magnetic metallic rod, and an anchor comprising one or more magnets.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein an offset between a longitudinal midline of the stator and a longitudinal midline of the anchor generates a permanent pre-load force in direction of the stator.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said rolling elements bearings are ball bearings.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein said rolling elements bearings are roller bearings.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of said protrusions has a shape of a nose wherein the area of the nose facing a rolling element has about a same orientation as a midline of the linear actuator.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein said rolling elements are moving between said protrusions and a fixed part of the camera module.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein said actuator has an integrated inductive position sensing capability.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein one or more capacitive sensors are used to determine a position of the lens barrel.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein the lens barrel is moved to an optimal focus position.

12. A camera allowing a maximum lens diameter with minimal outside dimensions, comprising:
an image sensor;
a shutter with an aperture function driven by a linear motor;
said motor driving the shutter, wherein the motor has an integrated position sensing system;
a movable lens barrel, wherein protrusions of the lens barrel are used to apply a pre-load force on the rolling elements bearings;
at least one linear actuator to move said lens barrel, wherein each actuator is deployed in an own corner of the camera module, wherein the actuators are generating a pre-load force on rolling elements bearings;
an integrated circuit controlling the motor driving the shutter and the actuators moving the lens barrel; and
said rolling elements bearings wherein the rolling elements of each bearing are moving between the lens barrel and a fixed part of the camera.

13. The camera module of claim 12 wherein said rolling elements bearings are ball bearings.

14. The camera module of claim 12 wherein said rolling elements bearings are roller bearings.

15. The camera module of claim 12 wherein at least one of said linear actuators has an integrated position sensing system.

16. A camera module having a movable lens barrel, allowing a maximum lens diameter with minimal outside dimensions, comprises:
a movable lens barrel;
at least one single linear actuator to move said lens barrel, wherein each actuator comprises a stator, fastened on a frame of the camera module, and an anchor, fastened on the lens barrel, and wherein each actuator is deployed in an own corner of the camera module; and
rolling elements bearings guiding the movements of the lens barrel wherein the rolling elements of said rolling elements bearings are moving between protrusions deployed on the lens barrel and a fixed part of the camera module.

17. The camera module of claim 16 wherein said rolling elements bearings are ball bearings.

18. The camera module of claim 16 wherein said rolling elements bearings are roller bearings.

19. The camera module of claim 16 wherein each rolling elements bearing is using cages in order to secure a distance between its rolling elements.

20. The camera module of claim 16 wherein a bearing pin is deployed to each rolling elements bearings in order to avoid creeping of the lens barrel by keeping balls and cages in place in case of any mechanical shock.

21. The camera module of claim 16 wherein said protrusions are used to apply a pre-load force on the rolling elements bearings.

22. The camera module of claim 16 wherein said pre-load force is generated by an offset between a longitudinal midline of the stator and a longitudinal midline of the anchor.

23. The camera module of claim 16 wherein two rolling elements bearings are deployed.

24. The camera module of claim 16 wherein said stator, comprises one or more coils wrapped around a magnetic metallic rod, and said anchor comprises one or more magnets.

25. The camera module of claim 16 wherein said stator, comprises two coils wrapped around a magnetic metallic rod, and the anchor comprises two magnets.

26. The camera module of claim 16 wherein an offset between a longitudinal midline of the one or more magnets of the stator and a longitudinal midline of the one or more coils generates a permanent force in direction of the stator.

27. The camera module of claim 16 wherein said actuator has an integrated inductive position control function.

28. The camera module of claim 16 wherein capacitive sensors are used to sense an actual position of the lens barrel.