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Title:   Author  item
                                            MURRAY, SYRITA - Texas A&M Universityitem
                                            TRACHSEL, JULIAN - Iowa State Universityitem
                                            Allen, Heatheritem
                                            Harvey, Rogeritem
                                            Callaway, Todditem
                                            WICKERSHAM, TYRON - Texas A&M Universityitem
                                            Anderson, Robinitem
                                            Nisbet, David
  Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 6/5/2015
                                    Publication  Date: N/A
                                    Citation: N/AInterpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Rumen methane production results in the loss of up to 12% of the host’s energy intake and contributes to global emissions of this greenhouse gas.  Nitrate is being investigated as a feed supplement to reduce rumen methane production, but risks of methemoglobinemia due to accumulation of nitrite are a deterrent to livestock producers.  3-nitro-1-propionate is also a potent inhibitor of rumen methanogenesis but its toxicity to animals differs mechanistically from nitrite.  To investigate potential fermentative synergies of co-administration of sub-toxic amounts of nitrate and 3-nitro-1-propionate, mixed populations of ruminal microbes were cultured in triplicate during three consecutive 24 h batch cultures (39oC) without or with sole or co-administration of 22 mM sodium nitrate or 2 mM 3-nitro-1-propionate.  Cultures were incubated with 50:50 H2:CO2.  Methane produced by controls averaged (±SD) 9.0±2.1 μmol/mL incubation fluid across the incubation series.  All treatments reduced methane production >36% during the first incubation series and >80% thereafter.  Reductant recovered in volatile fatty acids (VFA) was highest in untreated controls, intermediate in cultures treated solely with 3-nitro-1-propionate, and lowest in nitrate-treated cultures, including those co-treated with 3-nitro-1-propionate (79.1, 56.9, and 9.1 μmol hydrogen/mL, respectively), the latter which directed electrons (74.5 μmol hydrogen/mL) to nitrate reduction and formate accumulation.  Fermentation efficiency, based on heats of combustion of glucose fermented and VFA produced, was >14% lower in nitrate- and co-treated cultures than in controls (80.0±2.2%) or cultures treated solely with 3-nitro-1-propionate (84.0±5.0%).  Results reveal that co-treatment with 3-nitro-1-propionate did not compensate for the decreasing effect of nitrate on fermentation.


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