U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Commodity Protection and Quality Research: Parlier, CA
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    Research Units
                        San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center
                                    Crop Diseases, Pests and Genetics Research
                                    Water Management Research
                                    National Arid Land Plant Genetic RepositorySearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Pacific West Area Parlier, California San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center Commodity Protection and Quality Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Xiao, Chang-Linitem
                                            BOAL, R. - Washington State University
  Submitted to: Phytopathology
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 5/30/2013
                                    Publication  Date: 6/30/2013
                                    Citation: Xiao, C., Boal, R.J. 2013. Sources and availability of Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens inoculum in apple orchards. Phytopathology. 103:S2.163.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens (SP) is the cause of Sphaeropsis rot, a recently reported postharvest fruit rot disease of apple. Infections of apple fruit by the fungus occur in the orchard, and symptoms develop during storage or in the market. SP also is the cause of a twig dieback and canker disease of apple and crabapple trees. To determine sources of SP inoculum in the orchard, twigs with dieback and canker symptoms, dead fruit spurs and bark, and fruit mummies on the trees were collected and examined for the presence of SP pycnidia. To monitor inoculum availability, 3 twigs with dieback from each of 10 crabapple trees and 3 dead fruit spurs or twigs from each of 10 trees in a Fuji orchard as well as 5 pieces of dead fruit spurs and 10 pieces of dead bark tissues from each of 10 trees in a Red Delicious orchard were sampled periodically during the fruit-growing season. Samples were exampled for the presence of SP pycnidia and viability of pycnidia was assessed. SP pycnidia were observed on diseased twigs, dead fruit spurs and bark, and mummified fruit on both apple and crabapple trees, suggesting that these tissues were the sources of SP inoculum in the field for fruit infection. During the three growing seasons, viable SP pycnidia were observed in 50-100% of the Fuji trees, >90% crabapple trees, and 10-50% of the Red Delicious trees, indicating that viable inoculum for potential fruit infection was available at any sampling time during the fruit-growing season.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov