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Title:   Author  item
                                            CARVALHO, CAMILA - Universidade Federal De Minas Geraisitem
                                            VIEIRA, MARIANA - Universidade Federal De Minas Geraisitem
                                            Cantrell, Charlesitem
                                            Wedge, Daviditem
                                            ALVES, TANIA - Centro De Pesquisas Rene' Rachouitem
                                            ZANI, CARLOS - Centro De Pesquisas Rene' Rachouitem
                                            PIMENTA, RAPHAEL - Federal University Of Tocantins (UFT)item
                                            SALES, JR., POLICARPO - Centro De Pesquisas Rene' Rachouitem
                                            ROMANHA, ALVARO - Centro De Pesquisas Rene' Rachouitem
                                            ROSA, CARLOS - Universidade Federal De Minas Geraisitem
                                            ROSA, LUIZ - Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais
  Submitted to: Natural Product Research
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 2/16/2015
                                    Publication  Date: 3/27/2015
                                    Publication URL: https://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/62273Citation: Carvalho, C.R., Vieira, M.L., Cantrell, C.L., Wedge, D.E., Alves, T.M., Zani, C.L., Pimenta, R.S., Sales, Jr., P.A., Romanha, A.J., Rosa, C.A., Rosa, L.H. 2015. Biological activities of ophiobolin K and 6-epi-ophiobolin K produced by the endophytic fungus Aspergillus calidoustus. Natural Product Research. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2015.1022777.Interpretive Summary: Endophytic fungi represent a particular group of  microorganisms that live within the vascular tissue and spaces of plant tissue without causing apparent negative effects for the host plant. Many plant species have been shown to shelter interesting endophytic fungal communities which are able of producing antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and antitumor compounds.  Among the endophytic groups studied, those recovered from medicinal plants are of particular interest to us because they often produce compounds which appear to play a role in host defence or posses unique biologically active metabolites.  Aspergillus calidoustus, was isolated from the plant species Canthospermum australe (Asteraceae). A dichloromethane extract of the fungus displayed antifungal, antiprotozoal, and cytotoxic activities. ophiobolin K and 6-epi-ophiobolin K displayed antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi, protozoa activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, and cytotoxic activity against human tumor cells.
                                Technical Abstract: The endophytic fungus, Aspergillus calidoustus, was isolated from the plant species Acanthospermum australe (Asteraceae). A dichloromethane extract of the fungus displayed antifungal, antiprotozoal, and cytotoxic activities. Aspergillus calidoustus was identified using molecular, physiological and morphological methods. The dichloromethane extract of A. calidoustus was subjected to antifungal bioassay-directed fractionation enabling the bioactive compounds, ophiobolin K and 6-epi-ophiobolin K,  to be identified. These compounds displayed strong antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi, protozoa activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, and cytotoxic activity against human tumoral cell lines. Our results show that tropical medicinal flora are a source of endophytic fungi that produce bioactive metabolites which may serve a  new lead compounds in the development novel agrochemical and pharmaceutical agents.


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