U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Exotic & Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research: Athens, GA
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    USNPRC
                        Richard B Russell Center
                                    Southeast Poultry Research Center
                                    Return to USNPRC home page
                    Research Units at USNPRC
                        Quality and Safety Assessment Research
                                    Poultry Microbiological Safety and Processing Research
                                    Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research
                                    Egg and Poultry Production Safety Research Unit
                                    Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases
                                    Endemic Poultry Viral Diseases Research
                                    Avian Diseases and Oncology Research
                                    Return to USNPRC home pageSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Southeast Area Athens, Georgia U.S. National Poultry Research Center Exotic & Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Spackman, Ericaitem
                                            Pantin Jackwood, Maryitem
                                            Swayne, Daviditem
                                            Suarez, Daviditem
                                            Kapczynski, Darrell
  Submitted to: Virology
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 1/14/2015
                                    Publication  Date: 2/6/2015
                                    Publication URL: https://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/60566Citation: Spackman, E., Pantin Jackwood, M.J., Swayne, D.E., Suarez, D.L., Kapczynski, D.R. 2015. Impact of route of exposure and challenge dose on the pathogenesis of H7N9 low pathogenicity avian influenza virus in chickens. Virology. 477:72-81.Interpretive Summary: A new strain of flu, called H7N9, emerged in humans in China in early 2013.  Based on the genetics of the virus and investigations of the cases, many of which had contact with live bird markets, there was speculation that poultry or other birds were the source of the virus.  Therefore we conducted studies in order to determine if chickens can play a role in maintaining the virus in the environment.  We found that the virus caused no disease in chickens; chickens could be infected with no outward signs.  However a large amount of virus was needed to even infect chickens, which indicates that the virus may not be well adapted to chickens and that there may be other factors involved in the maintenance of the H7N9 influenza in live bird markets in China.
                                Technical Abstract: H7N9 influenza A first caused human infections, often with severe disease, in early 2013 in China.  Virus genetics, histories of patient exposures to poultry, and previous experimental studies all point to the source of the virus being a domestic avian species, such as chickens.  In order to better understand the ecology of this H7N9 in chickens, we evaluated the infectious dose and pathogenesis of A/Anhui/1/2013 H7N9 in two common breeds of chickens, White Leghorns (table-egg layers) and White Plymouth Rocks (meat chickens).  No morbidity or mortality were observed with doses of 1,000,000 or 100,000,000 50% egg infectious doses per bird when administered by the upper respiratory route.  Challenge experiments with three other human origin H7N9 viruses showed a similar pattern of virus replication.  At 1,000,000 mean infectious doses per bird, the infectious dose for chickens was higher than expected for a chicken adapted virus, suggesting that chickens may not be the most efficient reservoir.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov