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fl1a21⁄2ß “±Ú flðÈÁÛÎÌÎÛÏÌð

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—2 –a ̈· ̈·±2 o±Æ ŒaTM·a© ±o ø2 —ÆoaÆ ±o  ̈ ̧a

fi±øÆo ±o ×33·1Æø ̈·±2 fl°°aø¥­

flÆ1 ́ao ø2o Õ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao —1⁄2 ̈±æaÆ ËÙ ÓðÔð

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ø2o Æa3ø2o  ̈±  ̈ ̧a fi×fl o±Æ o ́Æ ̈ ̧aÆ °Æ±1⁄2aao·21­Ú

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2± ̈ Æ·­a  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ¥aTMa¥ ±o °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ú “a· ̈ ̧aÆ  ̈ ̧a ×÷ 2±Æ  ̈ ̧a fi×fl 3øoa ø2 øoTMaÆ­a

1⁄2Æao·æ·¥· ̈ß o·2o·21Ú fl1⁄21⁄2±Æo·21¥ßÙ  ̈ ̧·­ 1⁄2± ́Æ ̈ 3 ́­ ̈  ̈øμa  ̈ ̧a  ̈a­ ̈·3±2ß ±o Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ ø­

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 ̈ ̧a oÆ·TMaÆé­ ­·oa ©·2o±© ±o  ̧·­ 1⁄2øÆ ø2o oa3ø2oao  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̧a a®· ̈  ̧·­ TMa ̧·1⁄2¥aÙ © ̧·¥a

1⁄2ø¥¥·21  ̧·3 ø ç› ̧·2a­a ·2o·oa¥Úå Ã ̧Æaø ̈a2ao ©· ̈ ̧ ø ©aø°±2Ù Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ  ́2©·¥¥·21¥ß

a®· ̈ao  ̧·­ 1⁄2øÆ ø2o ©ø­ æaø ̈a2Ú Ã ̧a ø ̈ ̈ø1⁄2μaÆ­ ø¥­±  ̈ ̧Æaø ̈a2ao  ̈± μ·¥¥  ̧·3Ú Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ

©ø­ ­ ́Æ°Æ·­ao © ̧a2 °±¥·1⁄2a ¥±±μao ±2 ø2o o·o 2± ̈ ·2 ̈aÆTMa2aÙ aTMa2  ̈ ̧± ́1 ̧  ̧a

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æ ́Æ2ao o±©2 æß ” ́­¥·3 o ́2oø3a2 ̈ø¥·­ ̈­Ú Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ ©ø­ æaø ̈a2 ­aTMaÆa¥ß ©· ̈ ̧ ø

°·a1⁄2a ±o ©±±o ø2o  ̧a ©ø­ μ·1⁄2μao ±2  ̈ ̧a 1Æ± ́2o  ́2 ̈·¥  ̧a TM±3· ̈ao æ¥±±oÚ —2a ±o  ̧·­
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aTMa2 ̈ ́ø¥¥ß oø·2 ̈ao oÆ±3  ̈ ̧a æaø ̈·21Ú fl1⁄21⁄2±Æo·21  ̈± Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆÙ  ̧a o·o 2± ̈ o·¥a ø °±¥·1⁄2a

Æa°±Æ ̈ æa1⁄2ø ́­a  ̧·­ °ÆaTM·± ́­ a®°aÆ·a21⁄2a ·2o·1⁄2ø ̈ao  ̈ ̧ø ̈ 1±·21  ̈±  ̈ ̧a °±¥·1⁄2a ©± ́¥o æa

 ́­a¥a­­Ú –Æ·±Æ  ̈±  ̈ ̧·­ ·21⁄2·oa2 ̈Ù Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆé­ ­ ̈±Æa  ̧øo æaa2 Æ±ææao 3 ́¥ ̈·°¥a  ̈·3a­ æß

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2± ̈ ̧·21Ú

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©ø­ aÆÆ±ÆÚ ç– ̧ß­·1⁄2ø¥ TM·±¥a21⁄2a ±Æo·2øÆ·¥ß 3aa ̈­  ̈ ̧a ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈ ±o ­aTMaÆ· ̈ß  ̈ ̧ø ̈

1⁄2 ̧øÆø1⁄2 ̈aÆ·¶a­ °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2 ø­ ±°°±­ao  ̈± 3aÆa o·­1⁄2Æ·3·2ø ̈·±2Úå ÿ±® ̧ø TMÚ fl­ ̧1⁄2Æ±o ̈Ù

ÌÔÁ ⁄ÚÌo ÔÔÈÁÙ ÔÔËÓ 2ÚÎ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððÌ ̃Ú ... ̧·¥a ç ̈ ̧a oa ̈aÆ3·2ø ̈·±2  ̈ ̧ø ̈ ø1⁄2 ̈·±2­

Æ·­a  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ¥aTMa¥ ±o °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2 ·­ TMaÆß oø1⁄2 ̈Ûoa°a2oa2 ̈ Ú Ú Ú  ̈ ̧Æaø ̈­ ±o TM·±¥a21⁄2a ø2o

oaø ̈ ̧ øÆa a2± ́1 ̧Úå ›±Æo±2ÛŸøÆ1⁄2·ø TMÚ ×“ÕÙ ÓðÏ ⁄ÚÌo ÁËÎÙ ÁÁÔ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ Óððð ̃Ú 

”±Æa±TMaÆÙ  ̈ ̧± ́1 ̧ ­·21¥a ·21⁄2·oa2 ̈­ ±o °ø­ ̈ 3·­ ̈Æaø ̈3a2 ̈ 3øß 2± ̈ Æ·­a  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ¥aTMa¥ ±o

°aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ù  ̈ ̧a 1⁄2 ́3 ́¥ø ̈·TMa aooa1⁄2 ̈ ±o  ̈ ̧±­a  ̧øÆ3­ ø2o øæ ́­a­ 3øß ­ ́°°±Æ ̈ ø2

ø­ß¥ ́3 1⁄2¥ø·3Ú Õaa fl ̧3ao TMÚ ’a·­¥aÆÙ ÎðÏ ⁄ÚÌo ÔÔËÌÙ ÔÔÁÏ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððÈ ̃  ̄ç... ̧aÆa

ø2 ø­ß¥ ́3 ø°°¥·1⁄2ø2 ̈ ­ ́ooaÆ­ Å° ̧ß­·1⁄2ø¥  ̧øÆ3Ã ±2 3±Æa  ̈ ̧ø2 ±2a ±1⁄21⁄2ø­·±2Ù ø2o Ú Ú Ú ·­

TM·1⁄2 ̈·3·¶ao ø ̈ o·ooaÆa2 ̈  ̈·3a­ ±TMaÆ ø °aÆ·±o ±o ßaøÆ­Ù  ̈ ̧a 1⁄2 ́3 ́¥ø ̈·TMa aooa1⁄2 ̈ ±o  ̈ ̧a

 ̧øÆ3­ ·­ ­aTMaÆa a2± ́1 ̧  ̈ ̧ø ̈ 2± Æaø­±2øæ¥a oø1⁄2 ̈Ûo·2oaÆ 1⁄2± ́¥o 1⁄2±21⁄2¥ ́oa  ̈ ̧ø ̈ · ̈ o·o 2± ̈

Æ·­a  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ¥aTMa¥ ±o °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Úå ̃Ú
Ã ̧a 1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈é­ Æa¥·ø21⁄2a ±2 ± ́Æ oa1⁄2·­·±2 ·2 ÿø¥·3 TMÚ ÿ±¥oaÆÙ ÎÁð ⁄ÚÌo Ô

ÁÈÔÙ ÁÈÎÛÈÍ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððÁ ̃Ù ·­  ́2o± ́2oaoÚ ×2 ÿø¥·3Ù ©a ÆaTM·a©ao ø 1⁄2¥ø·3 ±o °ø­ ̈

°aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2 æß ø › ̧·2a­a ×2o±2a­·ø2 ø2o  ̧a¥o  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧a Æa1⁄2±Æo ç­·3°¥ß Åo·oÃ 2± ̈

1⁄2±3°a¥ ø o·2o·21 ±o °ø­ ̈ °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Úå ×oÚ ø ̈ ÁÈÍÚ fi ́ ̈Ù  ́2¥·μa Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆÙ  ̈ ̧a

°a ̈· ̈·±2aÆ ·2 ÿø¥·3 oa­1⁄2Æ·æao ±2¥ß ±2a ·21⁄2·oa2 ̈ ±o ° ̧ß­·1⁄2ø¥ TM·±¥a21⁄2a ø1ø·2­ ̈  ̧·3Â

 ̧a ©ø­ Æa­1⁄2 ́ao æß  ̈ ̧a 1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈é­ øÆ3ßÂ ø2o  ̈ ̧a ×÷ o± ́2o  ̧·3 2± ̈ 1⁄2Æao·æ¥aÚ ×oÚ 

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Õ ̈ø2o·21 ø¥±2aÙ  ̈ ̧a  ̈©± ·21⁄2·oa2 ̈­ ±o ° ̧ß­·1⁄2ø¥ TM·±¥a21⁄2a °aÆ°a ̈Æø ̈ao ±2

Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ æa1⁄2ø ́­a ±o  ̧·­ a ̈ ̧2·1⁄2· ̈ß ø2o Æa¥·1·±2 aø1⁄2 ̧ 1⁄2±3°a¥ ø o·2o·21 ±o °ø­ ̈

°aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ú ÿ±® ̧øÙ ÌÔÁ ⁄ÚÌo ø ̈ ÔÔËÓ 2ÚÎ  ̄Ø ́± ̈·21 ‹ ́øÆ ̈a oa Ÿ ́·2ø1⁄2 TMÚ ×“ÕÙ ÔÈÁ Ô

⁄ÚÌo ÔÔÎÍÙ ÔÔÍð 2ÚÎ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÔÁÁÁ ̃Ù o±Æ  ̈ ̧a °Æ±°±­· ̈·±2  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧a 1⁄2± ́Æ ̈  ̧øç1⁄2±2­·­ ̈a2 ̈¥ß o± ́2o °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2 © ̧aÆaÙ ø­  ̧aÆaÙ  ̈ ̧a °a ̈· ̈·±2aÆ ©ø­ ° ̧ß­·1⁄2ø¥¥ß

 ̧øÆ3aoÚå ̃Ú ... ̧a2  ̈ ̧±­a ° ̧ß­·1⁄2ø¥ ø ̈ ̈ø1⁄2μ­ øÆa 1⁄2±3æ·2ao ©· ̈ ̧  ̈ ̧Æaø ̈­ ø1ø·2­ ̈

Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆé­ ¥·oa ø2o aTM·oa21⁄2a ±o °aÆ­·­ ̈a2 ̈  ̧øÆø­­3a2 ̈Ù  ̈ ̧a Æa1⁄2±Æo 1⁄2±3°a¥­ ø o·2o·21

 ̈ ̧ø ̈ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ ­ ́ooaÆao °ø­ ̈ °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ú fl ̧3aoÙ ÎðÏ ⁄ÚÌo ø ̈ ÔÔÁÏÚ 

ÓÚ Ã ̧a fi×fl ø¥­± aÆÆao æß o·2o·21  ̈ ̧ø ̈ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ o·o 2± ̈  ̧øTMa ø ©a¥¥Û

o± ́2oao oaøÆ ±o o ́ ̈ ́Æa °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ú fia1⁄2ø ́­a Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ ­ ́ooaÆao °ø­ ̈ °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ù  ̧a

·­ a2 ̈· ̈¥ao  ̈± ø Æaæ ́ ̈ ̈øæ¥a °Æa­ ́3° ̈·±2  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̧·­ oaøÆ ±o o ́ ̈ ́Æa °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2 ·­ ©a¥¥Û

o± ́2oaoÚ Ë ›Ú⁄ÚŒÚ y ÓðËÚÔÌ ̄æ ̃ ̄Ô ̃Â ­aa ø¥­± ‘·3 TMÚ ×“ÕÙ ÓÓÏ ⁄ÚÌo ÁÓÁÙ ÁÌÎ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ

Óððð ̃Ú Ã ̧ ́­Ù  ̈ ̧a æ ́Æoa2 ­ ̧·o ̈­  ̈±  ̈ ̧a 1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈  ̈± oa3±2­ ̈Æø ̈a çæß ø

°Æa°±2oaÆø21⁄2a ±o  ̈ ̧a aTM·oa21⁄2aå  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧aÆa  ̧ø­ æaa2 ø o ́2oø3a2 ̈ø¥ 1⁄2 ̧ø21a ·2

1⁄2·Æ1⁄2 ́3­ ̈ø21⁄2a­ ­ ́1⁄2 ̧  ̈ ̧ø ̈ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ 2± ¥±21aÆ  ̧ø­ ø ©a¥¥Ûo± ́2oao oaøÆ ±Æ  ̈ ̧ø ̈
“±Æ ·­  ̈ ̧aÆa ø2ß aTM·oa21⁄2a ·2  ̈ ̧a Æa1⁄2±Æo  ̈ ̧ø ̈ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ 1⁄2± ́¥o ÆaÛ¥±1⁄2ø ̈a  ̈± Ó

ø2± ̈ ̧aÆ °øÆ ̈ ±o ×2o±2a­·ø  ̈± øTM±·o o ́ ̈ ́Æa °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ú Õaa Ë ›Ú⁄ÚŒÚ y

ÓðËÚÔÌ ̄æ ̃ ̄Ô ̃ ̄· ̃ ̄fi ̃Ú

Ã ̧a o·­­a2 ̈ 3·­ ̈øμa2¥ß Æa¥·a­ ±2 ×“Õ TMÚ a2 ̈ ́ÆøÙ ÎÌÈ ÀÚÕÚ ÔÓÙ ÔÍ  ̄ÓððÓ ̃Ù Ì

o±Æ  ̈ ̧a °Æ±°±­· ̈·±2  ̈ ̧ø ̈ ©a 3 ́­ ̈ Æa3ø2o  ̈±  ̈ ̧a fi×fl  ̈± 1⁄2±2­·oaÆ 1⁄2 ̧ø21ao 1⁄2± ́2 ̈Æß

1⁄2±2o· ̈·±2­Ú ‹·­­a2 ̈ ø ̈ ÔÚ ×2 a2 ̈ ́ÆøÙ  ̈ ̧a 1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈ øÆ1 ́ao  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ×÷Ù  ̈ ̧a fi×flÙ

ø2o ± ́Æ 1⁄2± ́Æ ̈  ̈ ̧ø ̈ 1⁄2 ̧ø21ao 1⁄2± ́2 ̈Æß 1⁄2±2o· ̈·±2­ °Æa1⁄2¥ ́oao ø­ß¥ ́3Ú a2 ̈ ́ÆøÙ ÎÌÈ

ÀÚÕÚ ø ̈ ÔÌÛÔÏÚ ÿaÆaÙ  ̧±©aTMaÆÙ · ̈ ©ø­ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ © ̧± Æø·­ao  ̈ ̧a ·­­ ́a ±o 1⁄2 ̧ø21ao

 ̄1⁄2±2 ̈·2 ́aoÚÚÚ ̃

Î

Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ 1⁄2± ́¥o øTM±·o o ́ ̈ ́Æa °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2 æß Æa¥±1⁄2ø ̈·21  ̈± ø2± ̈ ̧aÆ °øÆ ̈ ±o ×2o±2a­·øÚ 

Ë ›Ú⁄ÚŒÚ yy ÓðËÚÔÌ ̄æ ̃ ̄Ô ̃ ̄· ̃ ̄fl ̃Ù  ̄fi ̃Ú

Ã ̧a 1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈ ©ø­ ±2 2± ̈·1⁄2a  ̈ ̧ø ̈ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ ©ø­ øÆ1 ́·21 æao±Æa æ± ̈ ̧  ̈ ̧a ×÷

ø2o  ̈ ̧a fi×fl  ̈ ̧ø ̈ ç1⁄2 ̧ø21ao 1⁄2·Æ1⁄2 ́3­ ̈ø21⁄2a­å ·2 ×2o±2a­·ø ­·21⁄2a Õa° ̈a3æaÆ ÔÔÙ ÓððÔÙ

·2o·1⁄2ø ̈ao  ̈ ̧ø ̈ TM·±¥a21⁄2a æß ” ́­¥·3 o ́2oø3a2 ̈ø¥·­ ̈­ ø1ø·2­ ̈ › ̧Æ·­ ̈·ø2­  ̧øo

·21⁄2Æaø­aoÚ fia1⁄2ø ́­a  ̈ ̧a 1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈ ç3øoa 2± øÆ1 ́3a2 ̈­ 1⁄2±21⁄2aÆ2·21 1⁄2 ̧ø21ao

1⁄2± ́2 ̈Æß 1⁄2±2o· ̈·±2­  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ×÷ ±Æ  ̈ ̧a fi×flÙ ø2o °Æa­a2 ̈ao 2± o±1⁄2 ́3a2 ̈øÆß aTM·oa21⁄2a

o±Æ  ̈ ̧ø ̈ ° ́Æ°±­aÙå ©a ©·¥¥ 2± ̈ Æa3ø2o  ̈± 1·TMa · ̈ ø2± ̈ ̧aÆ ±°°±Æ ̈ ́2· ̈ß  ̈± o± ­±Ú 

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“o±3 TMÚ fl­ ̧1⁄2Æ±o ̈Ù ÌËÏ ⁄ÚÌo ÈÏÌÙ ÈÎÍ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððÏ ̃Ù ­ ́°aÆ1⁄2aoao æß ­ ̈ø ̈ ́ ̈a ±2

± ̈ ̧aÆ 1Æ± ́2o­ ø­ Æa1⁄2±12·¶ao æß –øÆ ́­­·3±TMø TMÚ ” ́μø­aßÙ ÎÎÌ ⁄ÚÌo ÔÔÓËÙ ÔÔÌÌ

 ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððË ̃Â fiøæø¥¥ø ̧ TMÚ fl­ ̧1⁄2Æ±o ̈Ù ÌÍÈ ⁄ÚÌo ÔðÍÈÙ ÔðÈË 2ÚÔÔ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððÏ ̃

 ̄ç×2  ̈ ̧a­a 1⁄2·Æ1⁄2 ́3­ ̈ø21⁄2a­Ù  ̈± °Æ±TM·oa  ̈ ̧a ×“Õ ©· ̈ ̧ ø2± ̈ ̧aÆ ±°°±Æ ̈ ́2· ̈ß  ̈± °Æa­a2 ̈

aTM·oa21⁄2a ±o 1⁄2 ̧ø21ao 1⁄2± ́2 ̈Æß 1⁄2±2o· ̈·±2­Ù © ̧a2 · ̈  ̈©·1⁄2a  ̧øo  ̈ ̧a 1⁄2 ̧ø21⁄2aÙ æ ́ ̈ oø·¥ao  ̈±

o± ­±Ù ©± ́¥o æa a®1⁄2a° ̈·±2ø¥¥ß  ́2oø·ÆÚå ̃ÚÌ
 ̄ÚÚÚ1⁄2±2 ̈·2 ́ao ̃ Ì

1⁄2± ́2 ̈Æß 1⁄2±2o· ̈·±2­ æao±Æa  ̈ ̧a ×÷Ù æao±Æa  ̈ ̧a fi×flÙ ø2o æao±Æa ± ́Æ 1⁄2± ́Æ ̈Ù ø2o  ̈ ̧a

1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈ 2aTMaÆ æ± ̈ ̧aÆao  ̈± ±ooaÆ ø2ß aTM·oa21⁄2a  ̈±  ̈ ̧a 1⁄2±2 ̈ÆøÆßÙ oa­°· ̈a · ̈­ æ ́Æoa2

 ̈± o± ­±Ú

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”±Æa±TMaÆÙ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ oa3±2­ ̈Æø ̈ao  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̧a  ̧ø­ ø ©a¥¥Ûo± ́2oao oaøÆ ±o

°aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2 2± ̈ ±2¥ß æa1⁄2ø ́­a ±o °ø­ ̈ °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ù æ ́ ̈ ø¥­± æa1⁄2ø ́­a  ̧a ·­ ø 3a3æaÆ

±o ø ço·­oøTM±Æao 1Æ± ́°å ø2o  ̧a ·­ ¥·μa¥ß  ̈± æa  ̈øÆ1a ̈ao ø­ ø 3a3æaÆ ±o  ̈ ̧ø ̈ 1Æ± ́°Ú 

...a  ̧øTMa °ÆaTM·± ́­¥ß Æa1⁄2±12·¶ao  ̈ ̧ø ̈ › ̧·2a­a ×2o±2a­·ø2­Ù Õøa¥ TMÚ fl­ ̧1⁄2Æ±o ̈Ù ÌËÍ

⁄ÚÌo ÁÓÓÙ ÁÓÈ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððÏ ̃Ù ø2o › ̧Æ·­ ̈·ø2 ×2o±2a­·ø2­Ù Ãø3° ́æ±¥±2 TMÚ ÿ±¥oaÆÙ

ÍÔð ⁄ÚÌo ÔðÎÍÙ ÔðÍÓ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððÓ ̃Ù øÆa ço·­oøTM±Æao 1Æ± ́°­Úå ...a  ̧øTMa ø¥­±

­ ́11a­ ̈ao  ̈ ̧ø ̈ › ̧·2a­a › ̧Æ·­ ̈·ø2­ øÆa ø o·­oøTM±Æao 1Æ± ́° ·2 ×2o±2a­·øÚ Õaa

...øμμøÆß TMÚ ÿ±¥oaÆÙ ÎÎË ⁄ÚÌoÚ ÔðÏÁÙ ÔðÍÌ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððÁ ̃Ú Ã ̧a fi×fl ·3°¥·1⁄2· ̈¥ß

ø°°¥·ao ø ço·­oøTM±Æao 1Æ± ́°å ø2ø¥ß­·­  ̈± Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆé­ 1⁄2¥ø·3­ ø2o Æa1⁄2±12·¶ao  ̈ ̧ø ̈

Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ 2aao ±2¥ß oa3±2­ ̈Æø ̈a ø 1⁄2±3°øÆø ̈·TMa¥ß ¥±© ¥aTMa¥ ±o ·2o·TM·o ́ø¥·¶ao Æ·­μÚ 

Õaa Õøa¥Ù ÌËÍ ⁄ÚÌo ø ̈ ÁÓÈÂ ’± ̈ø­¶ TMÚ ×“ÕÙ ÌÔ ⁄ÚÌo ËÏÈÙ ËÎÌ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÔÁÁÏ ̃Ú fi ́ ̈  ̈ ̧a

fi×fl 1⁄2±21⁄2¥ ́oao  ̈ ̧ø ̈ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ ço·o 2± ̈ °Æa­a2 ̈ ­°a1⁄2·o·1⁄2 ø2o o·Æa1⁄2 ̈ aTM·oa21⁄2a  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̧a Ú

Ú Ú ©ø­  ̈ ̧a TM·1⁄2 ̈·3 ±o Æa°aø ̈ao  ̈ ̧Æaø ̈­Ù ø1⁄2 ̈­ ±o TM·±¥a21⁄2a ø2o TMø2oø¥·­3Ù ±Æ ± ̈ ̧aÆ

1⁄2Æ·3·2ø¥ ø1⁄2 ̈·TM· ̈ß æß 2ø ̈·TMa ×2o±2a­·ø2­Úå Ã ̧·­ 1⁄2±21⁄2¥ ́­·±2 ·­ o·Æa1⁄2 ̈¥ß 1⁄2±2 ̈Æøo·1⁄2 ̈ao

æß Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆé­ 1⁄2Æao·æ¥a  ̈a­ ̈·3±2ßÚ Õaa ’ø¥ ́æ·Ù ÌÍÏ ⁄ÚÌo ø ̈ ÔÔÌÈÚ 

”±Æa±TMaÆÙ  ̈ ̧a fi×flé­ ø ̈ ̈a3° ̈­  ̈± o·­ ̈·21 ́·­ ̧ ± ́Æ °Æa1⁄2aoa2 ̈­ ·2 Õøa¥Ù ÌËÍ ⁄ÚÌo

ø ̈ ÁÓÈÙ ø2o ‘±¥±21 TMÚ Ÿ±2¶ø¥a­Ù Ïðð ⁄ÚÌo ÔÓÔÎÙ ÔÓÓÌ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððÎ ̃Ù ÆaTMéo a2
Ã ̧a 1⁄2¥ø·3  ̈ ̧ø ̈ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆé­ 3± ̈ ̧aÆÙ © ̧± ·­ ø¥­± › ̧·2a­a ø2o › ̧Æ·­ ̈·ø2Ù  ̧ø­ Ï

2± ̈ ­ ́ooaÆao 3·­ ̈Æaø ̈3a2 ̈ ·2 ×2o±2a­·ø o±a­ 2± ̈  ́2oaÆ1⁄2 ́ ̈  ̧·­ oaøÆ ±o o ́ ̈ ́Æa

°aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ú ... ̧aÆa ø2 ø­ß¥ ́3 ø°°¥·1⁄2ø2 ̈ ©ø­ ­·21¥ao ± ́ ̈ o±Æ  ̈øÆ1a ̈ao °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2

·2  ̈ ̧a °ø­ ̈Ù  ̈ ̧a ­· ̈ ́ø ̈·±2 ±o ­·3·¥øÆ¥ßÛ­· ̈ ́ø ̈ao Æa¥ø ̈·TMa­ © ̧± Æa3ø·2 ·2  ̈ ̧a 1⁄2± ́2 ̈Æß

 ́2 ̧øÆ3ao ·­ ç3ø2·oa­ ̈¥ß ·ÆÆa¥aTMø2 ̈Úå ÷ø ̧ao TMÚ ×“ÕÙ ÌÎÍ ⁄ÚÌo ÁÁÔÙ ÔððÔ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ

ÓððÏ ̃Â ­aa ø¥­± Æ ̧ø± TMÚ ” ́μø­ßÙ ÎÏð ⁄ÚÌo ÔðÓÈÙ ÔðÌÔ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððË ̃Ú 

⁄ ́Æ ̈ ̧aÆ3±ÆaÙ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆé­ °ÆaTM·± ́­ TM·1⁄2 ̈·3·¶ø ̈·±2 3øμa­  ̧·­ 3± ̈ ̧aÆ 2± ̈ ­·3·¥øÆ¥ßÛ

­· ̈ ́ø ̈aoÚ ÿ±® ̧øÙ ÌÔÁ ⁄ÚÌo ø ̈ ÔÔËÏÚ ⁄·2ø¥¥ßÙ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ 1⁄2Æao·æ¥ß  ̈a­ ̈·o·ao  ̈ ̧ø ̈ ø¥¥  ̧·­

oø3·¥ß 3a3æaÆ­ ©aÆa TM·1⁄2 ̈·3­ ±o  ́2oø·Æ  ̈Æaø ̈3a2 ̈Ù °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ù ø2o o·­1⁄2Æ·3·2ø ̈·±2Ù

 ̄1⁄2±2 ̈·2 ́aoÚÚÚ ̃

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æø21⁄2Ù ÏËÏ ⁄ÚÌo ÔÔÈÌÙ ÔÔÈÁ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððÈ ̃Ù øÆa  ́2øTMø·¥·21Ú ×2 Õøa¥Ù ©a  ̧a¥o  ̈ ̧ø ̈

°ø­ ̈  ̈ ̧Æaø ̈­ ø2o TM·±¥a21⁄2a ©aÆa a2± ́1 ̧  ̈± a­ ̈øæ¥·­ ̧ ø ­ ́oo·1⁄2·a2 ̈ ·2o·TM·o ́ø¥·¶ao Æ·­μÙ

aTMa2 ·o  ̈ ̧aß o·o 2± ̈ Æ·­a  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ¥aTMa¥ ±o °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ú ÌËÍ ⁄ÚÌo ø ̈ ÁÓÈÚ Ã ̧a

°a ̈· ̈·±2aÆ ·2 Õøa¥ °Æ±o ́1⁄2ao aTM·oa21⁄2a  ̈ ̧ø ̈ ­ ̧a ©ø­  ̈ ̧Æaø ̈a2aoÙ  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̧aÆ 1⁄2øÆ ©ø­

TMø2oø¥·¶ao ø2o oa­ ̈Æ±ßaoÙ  ̈ ̧ø ̈ ­ ̈±2a­ ©aÆa  ̈ ̧Æ±©2 ø ̈  ̧aÆ Æa­·oa21⁄2aÙ ø2o  ̈ ̧ø ̈ Æ·± ̈aÆø ̈ ̈a3° ̈ao  ̈± ±°a2  ̈ ̧a  ̈ø®· 1⁄2øæ ·2 © ̧·1⁄2 ̧ ­ ̧a ø2o  ̧aÆ  ̧ ́­æø2o ©aÆa °ø­­a21aÆ­Ú ×oÚ

...a  ̧a¥o  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧a °a ̈· ̈·±2aÆ ·2 Õøa¥  ̧øo 3a ̈  ̧aÆ æ ́Æoa2 ±o oa3±2­ ̈Æø ̈·21 ø

1⁄2±3°øÆø ̈·TMa¥ß ¥±© ¥aTMa¥ ±o ·2o·TM·o ́ø¥·¶ao Æ·­μ  ̈± °Æ±TMa  ̧aÆ ©a¥¥Ûo± ́2oao oaøÆ ±o

o ́ ̈ ́Æa °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ú ×oÚ Ã ̧a ·21⁄2·oa2 ̈­ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ oa­1⁄2Æ·æa­ øÆa aTMa2 3±Æa a1Æa1·± ́­

 ̈ ̧ø2  ̈ ̧±­a oa­1⁄2Æ·æao ·2 Õøa¥Ú Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ  ̈a­ ̈·o·ao 1⁄2Æao·æ¥ß  ̈± 3 ́¥ ̈·°¥a ·21⁄2·oa2 ̈­ ±o

 ̈ ̧Æaø ̈­Ù  ̧øÆø­­3a2 ̈Ù ø2o ° ̧ß­·1⁄2ø¥ TM·±¥a21⁄2aÙ ·21⁄2¥ ́o·21 æa·21 æaø ̈a2  ̈±

 ́21⁄2±2­1⁄2·± ́­2a­­Ú fl2o  ́2¥·μa  ̈ ̧a °a ̈· ̈·±2aÆ ·2 ‘±¥±21â© ̧± o·o 2± ̈ a®°aÆ·a21⁄2a

°ø­ ̈ °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2 ø2o ·2­ ̈aøo °Æa­a2 ̈ao ±2¥ß aTM·oa21⁄2a  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̧aÆ oÆ·a2o­ ø2o oø3·¥ß

3a3æaÆ­  ̧øo ­ ́ooaÆao 3·­ ̈Æaø ̈3a2 ̈ âÕ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ °Æ±TM·oao 1⁄2Æao·æ¥a aTM·oa21⁄2a ±o  ̧·­ Ï
 ̄ÚÚÚ1⁄2±2 ̈·2 ́ao ̃ Ï

ø2o Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ ©ø­ 2aTMaÆ ø­μao © ̧a ̈ ̧aÆ  ̧·­ 3± ̈ ̧aÆ ­ ́ooaÆao 3·­ ̈Æaø ̈3a2 ̈Ú 

“±Æ ·­ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆé­ 1⁄2¥ø·3 ø2 ç ́2o·ooaÆa2 ̈·ø ̈ao 1⁄2¥ø·3å ±o  ̈ ̧a  ̈ß°a ©a  ̧øTMa Î

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æa1⁄2ø ́­a Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ ­ ́ooaÆao °ø­ ̈ °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ú

⁄±Æ a®ø3°¥aÙ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao  ̈ ̧a À2· ̈ao Õ ̈ø ̈a­ ‹a°øÆ ̈3a2 ̈ ±o Õ ̈ø ̈aé­ Í

ÓððÓ ×2 ̈aÆ2ø ̈·±2ø¥ Œa¥·1·± ́­ ⁄Æaao±3 Œa°±Æ ̈ ±2 ×2o±2a­·øÙ © ̧·1⁄2 ̧ ­ ̈ø ̈a­  ̈ ̧ø ̈

çÃ ̧aÆa ·­ ©·oa­°Æaøo  ̈a2­·±2 æa ̈©aa2 ” ́­¥·3­ ø2o › ̧Æ·­ ̈·ø2­  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̧ø­ aÆ ́° ̈ao ·2 ̈±

¥±1⁄2ø¥·¶ao TM·±¥a2 ̈ 1⁄2±2o¥·1⁄2 ̈­ ·2 Æa1⁄2a2 ̈ ßaøÆ­Ú Ú Ú Ú Ã ̧a ¥ø1⁄2μ ±o ø2 aooa1⁄2 ̈·TMa 1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈

Æa­°±2­a  ̈± ° ́2·­ ̧ °aÆ°a ̈Æø ̈±Æ­ ø2o °ÆaTMa2 ̈ o ́Æ ̈ ̧aÆ ø ̈ ̈ø1⁄2μ­ 1⁄2±2 ̈·2 ́ao  ̈± ¥aøo  ̈±

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ø¥¥±©ao  ̈ ̧a3  ̈± ±1⁄21⁄2 ́Æ ©· ̈ ̧ ·3° ́2· ̈ßÚå 

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Æ·­μ ±o o ́ ̈ ́Æa °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2 ÆaØ ́·Æao æß Õøa¥Ú ”±Æa±TMaÆÙ ­ ́æ­ ̈ø2 ̈·ø¥ aTM·oa21⁄2a ·2  ̈ ̧a Î

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 ̈± °ÆaTMa2 ̈ ø ̈ ̈ø1⁄2μ­ ±2 › ̧Æ·­ ̈·ø2­ °aÆ°a ̈ ́ø ̈ao æß ” ́­¥·3­Ú fl1⁄21⁄2±Æo·21¥ßÙ ·2 øoo· ̈·±2 Í

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o± ́2oao oaøÆ ±o o ́ ̈ ́Æa °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ú Ã ̧ ́­Ù Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ ·­ ­ ̈ø ̈ ́ ̈±Æ·¥ß a¥·1·æ¥a o±Æ

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1Æø2 ̈·21 ±o ø­ß¥ ́3 ·­ o·­1⁄2Æa ̈·±2øÆßÙ  ̧±©aTMaÆÙ ©a Æa3ø2o  ̈±  ̈ ̧a fi×fl o±Æ · ̈  ̈±

a®aÆ1⁄2·­a · ̈­ o·­1⁄2Æa ̈·±2Ú Õaa “øTMø­ TMÚ ×“ÕÙ ÓÔÈ ⁄ÚÌo ÍÏÍÙ ÍÎÎ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ Óððð ̃Â ×“Õ TMÚ

›øÆo±¶øÛ⁄±2­a1⁄2øÙ ÏËð ÀÚÕÚ ÏÓÔÙ ÏÓË 2ÚÎ  ̄ÔÁËÈ ̃Ú

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Ã ̧a 1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈ øÆ1 ́a­  ̈ ̧ø ̈ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ ©ø·TMao  ̧·­ ©· ̈ ̧ ̧±¥o·21 ±o Æa3±TMø¥ È

1⁄2¥ø·3Ú ÿ±©aTMaÆÙ Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ Æø·­ao  ̧·­ ©· ̈ ̧ ̧±¥o·21 1⁄2¥ø·3­ ·2  ̧·­ øÆ1 ́3a2 ̈­  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̧a

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2± ̈·1⁄2a ±o  ̈ ̧±­a 1⁄2¥ø·3­Ú Õaa ”ø3± ́¶·ø2 TMÚ fl­ ̧1⁄2Æ±o ̈Ù ÌÁð ⁄ÚÌo ÔÔÓÁÙ ÔÔÌÍ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ

ÓððÏ ̃Ú fl¥ ̈ ̧± ́1 ̧  ̈ ̧a øÆ1 ́3a2 ̈ ·­ ç·2øÆ ̈o ́¥Ùå · ̈ ·­ ­ ́oo·1⁄2·a2 ̈Ú Õaa “o±3Ù ÌËÏ ⁄ÚÌo ø ̈

ÈÎðÛÎÔÚ 

Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ oø·¥ao  ̈± Æø·­a  ̧·­ ›±2TMa2 ̈·±2 fl1ø·2­ ̈ Ã±Æ ̈ ́Æa 1⁄2¥ø·3 ±2 ø°°aø¥ Ë

æao±Æa  ̈ ̧a fi×flÚ “±Æ o±a­  ̧a Æø·­a ­ ́1⁄2 ̧ ø 1⁄2¥ø·3 æao±Æa  ́­Ú fl2ß 1⁄2¥ø·3­ o±Æ

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Æa ̈·2± TMÚ ÿ±¥oaÆÙ ÍÓÓ ⁄ÚÌo ÔððÈÙ ÔðÔÔ 2ÚÔ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓðÔð ̃Ú

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” ́ ̈ ́μ ́ TMÚ ÿ±¥oaÆÙ Íðð ⁄ÚÌo ÔÓÔðÙ ÔÓÔÌ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓðÔð ̃Â ”± ́­ø TMÚ ” ́μø­aßÙ ÎÌð

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aTM·oa21⁄2a ±o 1⁄2 ̧ø21ao 1⁄2± ́2 ̈Æß 1⁄2±2o· ̈·±2­ ±Æ øæ·¥· ̈ß  ̈± ÆaÛ¥±1⁄2ø ̈aÙ ø 1⁄2¥aøÆ °Æ±æøæ·¥· ̈ß

±o o ́ ̈ ́Æa °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2 ·­ a­ ̈øæ¥·­ ̧ao ø2o Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ ·­ a2 ̈· ̈¥ao  ̈± ©· ̈ ̧ ̧±¥o·21 ±o

Æa3±TMø¥Ú Ë ›Ú⁄ÚŒÚ y ÓðËÚÔÍ ̄æ ̃ ̄Ô ̃ ̄· ̃Â ­aa ø¥­± Ë ›Ú⁄ÚŒÚ y ÓðËÚÔÍ ̄æ ̃ ̄Ó ̃ ̄·· ̃Â

fiøæø¥¥ø ̧Ù ÌÍÈ ⁄ÚÌo ø ̈ ÔðÈÁÚË

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ø°°¥·1⁄2ø ̈·±2 ø2o o±Æ ø2 ø°°Æ±°Æ·ø ̈a ±ÆoaÆ ©· ̈ ̧ ̧±¥o·21 Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆé­ Æa3±TMø¥Ú 

–¤Ã×Ã×—“ ŸŒfl“Ã¤‹ ø2o Œ¤”fl“‹¤‹Ú
fia1⁄2ø ́­a a2 ̈ ́Æøé­ ø°°¥·1⁄2ø ̈·±2 ±o ç©a¥¥Ûa­ ̈øæ¥·­ ̧ao °Æ·21⁄2·°¥a­ ±o Ô

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©· ̈ ̧  ̈ ̧a  ̈ ̧ø2μ¥a­­  ̈ø­μ ±o  ̈Æß·21  ̈± o·­ ̈·21 ́·­ ̧ a2 ̈ ́Æø ±2 ø oø1⁄2 ̈ ́ø¥ 1Æ± ́2o  ̈ ̧ø ̈

°¥øßao 2± Æ±¥a ·2  ̈ ̧a Õ ́°Æa3a ›± ́Æ ̈é­ ø2ø¥ß­·­Ú Õaa 3ø¶Ú ±°Ú ø ̈ Î 2ÚÌÚ 

Õ ́ ̈ø2oøÆ TMÚ ÿ±¥oaÆÙ ðÍÛÈÓÏÁÏ

×’ÀÃflÙ ›·Æ1⁄2 ́· ̈ ÷ ́o1aÙ o·­­a2 ̈·21 ·2 °øÆ ̈Ê

“± ̈ ¥±21 ø1±Ù  ̈ ̧a Õ ́°Æa3a ›± ́Æ ̈ ­ ́33øÆ·¥ß ÆaTMaÆ­ao ±2a ±o ± ́Æ

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© ̧a2  ̈ ̧a fi×fl  ̧ø­ 2± ̈ 1⁄2±2­·oaÆao ø2 ·­­ ́aÙ ç ̈ ̧a °Æ±°aÆ 1⁄2± ́Æ­aÙ a®1⁄2a° ̈ ·2 ÆøÆa

1⁄2·Æ1⁄2 ́3­ ̈ø21⁄2a­Ù ·­  ̈± Æa3ø2o  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ø1a21⁄2ß o±Æ øoo· ̈·±2ø¥ ·2TMa­ ̈·1ø ̈·±2 ±Æ

a®°¥ø2ø ̈·±2Úå ×Ú“ÚÕÚ TMÚ a2 ̈ ́ÆøÙ ÎÌÈ ÀÚÕÚ ÔÓÙ ÔÍ  ̄ÓððÓ ̃  ̄°aÆ 1⁄2 ́Æ·ø3 ̃  ̄Ø ́± ̈·21

⁄¥±Æ·oø –±©aÆ  ̇ ‘·1 ̧ ̈ ›±Ú TMÚ ‘±Æ·±2Ù ÏÈð ÀÚÕÚ ÈÓÁÙ ÈÏÏ  ̄ÔÁËÎ ̃ ̃  ̄·2 ̈aÆ2ø¥

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fi×fl ·­ ø2 çaÆÆ±Æ Å ̈ ̧ø ̈Ã ·­ ±æTM·± ́­ ·2 ¥·1 ̧ ̈ ±o a2 ̈ ́ÆøÚå Ÿ±2¶ø¥a­ TMÚ Ã ̧±3ø­Ù ÎÏÈ

ÀÚÕÚ ÔËÌÙ ÔËÎ  ̄ÓððÍ ̃  ̄°aÆ 1⁄2 ́Æ·ø3 ̃  ̄Ø ́± ̈ø ̈·±2 3øÆμ­ ±3· ̈ ̈ao ̃Ú Œaøo·21  ̈ ̧a­a 1⁄2ø­a­

 ̈±1a ̈ ̧aÆÙ  ̈ ̧a Õ ́°Æa3a ›± ́Æ ̈é­ 3a­­ø1a  ̈±  ̈ ̧a “·2 ̈ ̧ ›·Æ1⁄2 ́· ̈ ·­ 1⁄2¥aøÆÊ ç... ̧ø ̈ øæ± ́ ̈

 ̈ ̧a ±Æo·2øÆß Æa3ø2o Æ ́¥a o±2é ̈ ß± ́  ́2oaÆ­ ̈ø2o·å 

fi ́ ̈  ̧aÆa ©a 1± ø1ø·2Ú Ã ̧a oø1⁄2 ̈­ ø2o °Æ±1⁄2ao ́Æø¥ °±­ ̈ ́Æa ±o  ̈ ̧·­ 1⁄2ø­a øÆa

aooa1⁄2 ̈·TMa¥ß ·oa2 ̈·1⁄2ø¥  ̈± a2 ̈ ́ÆøÚ ÿaÆaÙ ø­ ·2 a2 ̈ ́ÆøÙ  ̈ ̧a ×÷ ø2o fi×fl oa ̈aÆ3·2ao Ô

 ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧a °a ̈· ̈·±2aÆ  ̧øo 2± ̈ oa3±2­ ̈Æø ̈ao °ø­ ̈ °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ú fl­ ø Æa­ ́¥ ̈Ù  ̈ ̧a fi×fl

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2aTMaÆ 1⁄2±2­·oaÆao © ̧a ̈ ̧aÆ  ̈ ̧a 1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈ 1⁄2± ́¥o ­ ̧±© çø o ́2oø3a2 ̈ø¥ 1⁄2 ̧ø21a ·2

1⁄2·Æ1⁄2 ́3­ ̈ø21⁄2a­å ·2 ×2o±2a­·ø ­ ́1⁄2 ̧  ̈ ̧ø ̈ °a ̈· ̈·±2aÆ 2± ¥±21aÆ  ̧ø­ ø ©a¥¥Ûo± ́2oao oaøÆ

±o °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2Ù Ë ›Ú⁄ÚŒÚ y ÓðËÚÔÌ ̄æ ̃ ̄Ô ̃ ̄· ̃ ̄fl ̃Ù ±Æ  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧a °a ̈· ̈·±2aÆ ç1⁄2± ́¥o øTM±·o

o ́ ̈ ́Æa °aÆ­a1⁄2 ́ ̈·±2 æß Æa¥±1⁄2ø ̈·21å ©· ̈ ̧·2  ̈ ̧a 1⁄2± ́2 ̈ÆßÙ ·oÚ y ÓðËÚÔÌ ̄æ ̃ ̄Ô ̃ ̄· ̃ ̄fi ̃Ú 

Ã ̧aÆao±ÆaÙ ¶ ́­ ̈ ø­ ·2 a2 ̈ ́ÆøÙ ©a 3 ́­ ̈ Æa3ø2o ·2 ±ÆoaÆ o±Æ  ̈ ̧a fi×fl  ̈± oa ̈aÆ3·2a

 ̈ ̧a ç1⁄2 ̧ø21ao 1⁄2·Æ1⁄2 ́3­ ̈ø21⁄2a­å Ø ́a­ ̈·±2 ·2  ̈ ̧a o·Æ­ ̈ ·2­ ̈ø21⁄2aÚ ÎÌÈ ÀÚÕÚ ø ̈ ÔÍäÔËÚ ...a

3 ́­ ̈ ø¥­± 1·TMa  ̈ ̧a fi×fl ø 1⁄2 ̧ø21⁄2a  ̈± oa ̈aÆ3·2a  ̈ ̧a Æa¥±1⁄2ø ̈·±2 Ø ́a­ ̈·±2Ú 

×2­ ̈aøoÙ  ̈ ́Æ2·21 · ̈­ æø1⁄2μ ±2 1⁄2¥aøÆ Õ ́°Æa3a ›± ́Æ ̈ o·Æa1⁄2 ̈·±2Ù  ̈ ̧a 3ø¶±Æ· ̈ß

3øμa­ · ̈­ ±©2 oa ̈aÆ3·2ø ̈·±2  ̈ ̧ø ̈ 2± ̈ ̧·21 ·2  ̈ ̧a Æa1⁄2±Æo ø3± ́2 ̈­  ̈± 1⁄2 ̧ø21ao

1⁄2± ́2 ̈Æß 1⁄2·Æ1⁄2 ́3­ ̈ø21⁄2a­Ú “± ̈ ±2¥ß o±a­  ̈ ̧a 3ø¶±Æ· ̈ß  ́­ ́Æ°  ̈ ̧a ø1a21⁄2ßéoa1⁄2·­·±23øμ·21 ø ́ ̈ ̧±Æ· ̈ßÙ æ ́ ̈ ø¥­± oa°Æ·TMa­  ̈ ̧a ø1a21⁄2ß ±o · ̈­ ø ́ ̈ ̧±Æ· ̈ß  ̈±  ̈øμa ·2

2a© aTM·oa21⁄2aÚ Õaa ·oÚ ø ̈ ÔË  ̄ ̧±¥o·21  ̈ ̧ø ̈ Æa3ø2o ·­ ø°°Æ±°Æ·ø ̈a æa1⁄2ø ́­a · ̈ ç1⁄2± ́¥o

¥aøo  ̈±  ̈ ̧a °Æa­a2 ̈ø ̈·±2 ±o o ́Æ ̈ ̧aÆ aTM·oa21⁄2a ±o 1⁄2 ́ÆÆa2 ̈ 1⁄2·Æ1⁄2 ́3­ ̈ø21⁄2a­å ·2  ̈ ̧a

1⁄2± ́2 ̈Æß ø ̈ ·­­ ́a ̃Ú Ã ̧a 3ø¶±Æ· ̈ßé­ ø°°Æ±ø1⁄2 ̧ 1⁄2ø22± ̈ æa ­Ø ́øÆao ©· ̈ ̧ a2 ̈ ́ÆøÚ

Ã ̧a Æaø­±2­ o±Æ Æa3ø2o·21  ̈±  ̈ ̧a fi×fl øÆa  ̈ ̧a ­ø3a  ̧aÆa ø­  ̈ ̧aß ©aÆa ·2

 a2 ̈ ́ÆøÚ fl­  ̈ ̧a Õ ́°Æa3a ›± ́Æ ̈ a®°¥ø·2aoÙ çÅ ̈Ã ̧a ø1a21⁄2ß 1⁄2ø2 æÆ·21 · ̈­ a®°aÆ ̈·­a  ̈±

æaøÆ  ́°±2  ̈ ̧a 3ø ̈ ̈aÆÂ · ̈ 1⁄2ø2 aTMø¥ ́ø ̈a  ̈ ̧a aTM·oa21⁄2aÂ · ̈ 1⁄2ø2 3øμa ø2 ·2· ̈·ø¥

oa ̈aÆ3·2ø ̈·±2Â ø2oÙ ·2 o±·21 ­±Ù · ̈ 1⁄2ø2Ù  ̈ ̧Æ± ́1 ̧ ·2o±Æ3ao o·­1⁄2 ́­­·±2 ø2o ø2ø¥ß­·­Ù

 ̧a¥° ø 1⁄2± ́Æ ̈ ¥ø ̈aÆ oa ̈aÆ3·2a © ̧a ̈ ̧aÆ · ̈­ oa1⁄2·­·±2 a®1⁄2aao­  ̈ ̧a ¥aa©øß  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧a ¥ø©
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°Æ±TM·oa­Úå ×oÚ ø ̈ ÔÈÚ Ã ̧aÆa ·­ aTM·oa21⁄2a ·2  ̈ ̧a Æa1⁄2±Æo  ̧aÆa ±2 1⁄2± ́2 ̈Æß 1⁄2±2o· ̈·±2­

 ̈ ̧ø ̈ ­ ̧± ́¥o æa aTMø¥ ́ø ̈ao æß  ̈ ̧a fi×flÙ ·21⁄2¥ ́o·21 ÀÚÕÚ Õ ̈ø ̈a ‹a°øÆ ̈3a2 ̈ 1⁄2± ́2 ̈Æß

Æa°±Æ ̈­ ­°ø22·21 ­aTMaÆø¥ ßaøÆ­Ù oÆ±3 Óððð  ̈± ÓððÏÙ ø­ ©a¥¥ ø­ aTM·oa21⁄2a  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧a

°a ̈· ̈·±2aÆé­ 3± ̈ ̧aÆ ©ø­ ¥·TM·21 ø2o ©±Æμ·21 ·2 ×2o±2a­·ø ø ̈  ̈ ̧a  ̈·3a ±o  ̈ ̧a

·33·1Æø ̈·±2 °Æ±1⁄2aao·21­Ù ­ ́11a­ ̈·21 ø ­·12·o·1⁄2ø2 ̈ 1⁄2 ̧ø21a oÆ±3  ̈ ̧a ¥·TM·21 ø2o

©±Æμ·21 1⁄2±2o· ̈·±2­ oa­1⁄2Æ·æao æß  ̈ ̧a °a ̈· ̈·±2aÆÚ ”±Æa±TMaÆÙ 1·TMa2  ̈ ̧ø ̈ 2·2a  ̈±

a¥aTMa2 ßaøÆ­  ̧øTMa °ø­­ao ­·21⁄2a  ̈ ̧a ÀÚÕÚ ‹a°øÆ ̈3a2 ̈ ±o Õ ̈ø ̈a 1⁄2± ́2 ̈Æß Æa°±Æ ̈­ ø2o

± ̈ ̧aÆ aTM·oa21⁄2aÙ ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ×÷ ø2o fi×flÙ ©aÆa ©Æ· ̈ ̈a2Ù · ̈ ©± ́¥o æa a2 ̈·Æa¥ß

ø°°Æ±°Æ·ø ̈a o±Æ  ̈ ̧a 1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈  ̈± ­ ́æ3· ̈ 2a© aTM·oa21⁄2aÚ Õaa ·oÚ ø ̈ ÔËÚ 

Ã ̧a 3ø¶±Æ· ̈ß ­aa3­  ̈±  ̈ ̧·2μ  ̈ ̧aÆa ·­ ø ¥a1ø¥ °Æ·21⁄2·°¥a a¥·3·2ø ̈·21  ̈ ̧a

±Æo·2øÆß Æa3ø2o Æ ́¥a ±21⁄2a  ̈ ̧a 1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈  ̧ø­  ̧øo ç±2a æ· ̈a ø ̈  ̈ ̧a ø°°¥aÚå ...a

 ̧øTMa ø¥Æaøoß a®°¥ø·2ao  ̈ ̧aÆa ·­ 2± ­ ́1⁄2 ̧ Æ ́¥aÚ Õaa ‘±°a¶ TMÚ fl­ ̧1⁄2Æ±o ̈Ù ÌÍÍ ⁄ÚÌo ÈÁÁÙ

ËðÍ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððÏ ̃Ú “±Æ 1⁄2ø2  ̈ ̧a 3ø¶±Æ· ̈ß 1⁄2¥ø·3 · ̈ ·­ æ± ́2o æß fiøæø¥¥ø ̧ TMÚ

fl­ ̧1⁄2Æ±o ̈Ù ÌÍÈ ⁄ÚÌo ÔðÍÈ  ̄Á ̈ ̧ ›·ÆÚ ÓððÏ ̃Â  ́2¥·μa  ̈ ̧ø ̈ 1⁄2ø­aÙ  ̈ ̧a 1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈  ̧aÆa  ̧ø­

2± ̈ Æa°Æa­a2 ̈ao  ̈ ̧ø ̈ çø¥¥ Æa¥aTMø2 ̈ ·­­ ́a­ ±o oø1⁄2 ̈ ø2o ¥ø© ©aÆa o ́¥¥ß °Æa­a2 ̈ao  ̈±  ̈ ̧a

·33·1Æø ̈·±2 1⁄2± ́Æ ̈ o ́Æ·21  ̈ ̧a 1⁄2± ́Æ­a ±o  ̈ ̧a  ̧aøÆ·21Úå ×oÚ ø ̈ ÔðÈË 2ÚÔÔÚ Œø ̈ ̧aÆÙ  ̈ ̧·­

1⁄2ø­a ·­ ­Ø ́øÆa¥ß 1±TMaÆ2ao æß a2 ̈ ́Æøé­  ̧±¥o·21  ̈ ̧ø ̈ ø°°a¥¥ø ̈a 1⁄2± ́Æ ̈­ 3 ́­ ̈ 2± ̈

ç·2 ̈Æ ́oa  ́°±2  ̈ ̧a o±3ø·2 © ̧·1⁄2 ̧ ›±21Æa­­  ̧ø­ a®1⁄2¥ ́­·TMa¥ß a2 ̈Æ ́­ ̈ao  ̈± ø2

øo3·2·­ ̈Æø ̈·TMa ø1a21⁄2ßÚå ÎÌÈ ÀÚÕÚ ø ̈ ÔÍ  ̄·2 ̈aÆ2ø¥ Ø ́± ̈ø ̈·±2 3øÆμ­ ø2o 1⁄2· ̈ø ̈·±2
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fia1⁄2ø ́­a × ©± ́¥o o±¥¥±©  ̈ ̧a 1⁄2¥aøÆ o·Æa1⁄2 ̈·±2 ±o  ̈ ̧a Õ ́°Æa3a ›± ́Æ ̈Ù ×

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