U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Exotic & Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research: Athens, GA
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    USNPRC
                        Richard B Russell Center
                                    Southeast Poultry Research Center
                                    Return to USNPRC home page
                    Research Units at USNPRC
                        Quality and Safety Assessment Research
                                    Poultry Microbiological Safety and Processing Research
                                    Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research
                                    Egg and Poultry Production Safety Research Unit
                                    Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases
                                    Endemic Poultry Viral Diseases Research
                                    Avian Diseases and Oncology Research
                                    Return to USNPRC home pageSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Southeast Area Athens, Georgia U.S. National Poultry Research Center Exotic & Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Kapczynski, Darrell
  Submitted to: Animal Influenza Virus
                                    Publication Type: Book / Chapter
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 8/13/2014
                                    Publication  Date: 10/13/2014
                                    Citation: Kapczynski, D.R. 2014. Detection of cell mediated immune response to avian influenza viruses. In: Spackman, E., editor. Animal Influenza Virus. 2nd edition. New York, NY: Springer.  p. 199-215.Interpretive Summary: Protective immunity against viruses is mediated by the early innate immune responses and later on by the adaptive immune responses. The adaptive immune responses can be divided into two main types, humoral and cellular. Humoral immunity includes the production of antibodies from bursal-derived cells (B-cells) that function in virus-neutralization and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) which is dependent on thymus-derived cells (T-cells). In birds, the measurement of CMI is critical to understanding the role and regulation of avian B- and T-cells following avian influenza virus (AIV) infection. The ability to measure CMI has steadily improved over the last few years, although few studies have examined its role in protection of birds against AIV. In this chapter we describe new techniques to allow for a greater understanding of CMI in birds.
                                Technical Abstract: In birds, lymphomyeloid tissues develop from epithelial (Bursa of Fabricus or thymus) or mesenchymal tissue which are populated by heamatopoietic stem cells. These stem cells develop directly into immunologically competent B (bursa) and T (thymus) cells. Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) is a part of the adaptive immune response, which utilizes highly specific antigen receptors on B- and T- cells and that are generated by random processes by gene rearrangement to induce different mechanisms of immune reaction. B-cells are designed to interact with major histocompatibility class II molecules which present antigen for antibody production. The enumeration of the antigen-specific antibody-secreting B-cells, and not just antibody titers, is an important consideration for vaccine research. Avian T-cell functions are based on paradigms from previous work in mice and man, and generally share common mechanistic applications. This chapter will describe methods useful for measuring anti-viral CMI responses in chicken B- and T-cell populations following avian influenza virus (AIV) challenge.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov