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Title:   Author  item
                                            VENTRELLA, ANDREA - Bari Universityitem
                                            VERRONE, RAFFAELLA - Bari Universityitem
                                            LONGOBARDI, FRANCESCO - Bari Universityitem
                                            AGOSTIANO, ANGELA - Bari Universityitem
                                            LIPPOLIS, VINCENZO - National Research Council - Italyitem
                                            PASCALE, MICHELANGELO - National Research Council - Italyitem
                                            Maragos, Chrisitem
                                            Appell, Michaelitem
                                            CATUCCI, LUCIA - Bari University
  Submitted to: Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 2/15/2012
                                    Publication  Date: 4/1/2013
                                    Citation: Ventrella, A., Verrone, R., Longobardi, F., Agostiano, A., Lippolis, V., Pascale, M., Maragos, C.M., Appell, M.D., Catucci, L. 2012. Interactions between cyclodextrins and fluorescent T-2 and HT-2 toxin derivatives: A physico-chemical study. Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry. 75(3-4):285-292.Interpretive Summary: T-2 toxin is a mycotoxin produced by several species of fungi that commonly infest grains. T-2 is acutely toxic and has been found at low levels in crops such as wheat, corn, barley, oats, and rye and has also been found in human food and animal feeds. Sensitive detection of T-2 toxin is somewhat limited because it does not fluoresce and does not have a strong ultraviolet or visible absorption band. This report describes the development of a way to augment the fluorescence of a labeled form of T-2 toxin and the selection of a promising material that does so. By augmenting the fluorescence the sensitivity of methods to detect this toxin can be improved. This information will be useful to those responsible for detecting T-2 toxin in commodities and foods.
                                Technical Abstract: T-2 and HT-2 toxins are mycotoxins produced by several Fusarium species that are commonly found in various cereal grains, including oats, barley, wheat and maize. Intake estimates indicate that the presence of these mycotoxins in the diet can be of concern for public health.In this work, the inclusion processes occurring between fluorescent anthracene derivatives of T-2 and HT-2 toxins and different cyclodextrin (CD) molecules were investigated in aqueous solutions by means of UV-Vis absorption, fluorescence emission and Dynamic Light Scattering. Binding constant values and chemico-physical parameters were calculated. It was found that ß-CDs give stronger inclusion reactions with both T-2 and HT-2 derivatives, as stated by important emission intensity increments. Such interactions were found to be fundamentally enthalpy driven. Among ß-CDs, the effect of the methylation at hydroxyl groups was tested: as a result, the di-methyl form of ß-CD (DIMEB) was found to induce the best fluorescence intensity enhancements.


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