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Title:   Author  item
                                            DONALDSON, JANET - Mississippi State Universityitem
                                            Carroll, Jeffery

                                                         - *Jeff Carroll*item
                                            Sanchez, Nicoleitem
                                            SCHMIDT, TY - University Of Nebraskaitem
                                            Callaway, Todditem
                                            WILSON, JESSICA - Mississippi State Universityitem
                                            Dailey, Jeffery
  Submitted to: Journal of Animal Science Supplement
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 3/12/2014
                                    Publication  Date: 7/25/2014
                                    Citation: Donaldson, J.R., Carroll, J.A., Sanchez, N.C., Schmidt, T.B., Callaway, T.R., Wilson, J.G., Dailey, J.W. 2014. Alterations in the response of pigs to Salmonella typhimurium when provided Enterobacter cloacae. Journal of Animal Science Supplement. 92(E-Suppl. 2):41. Abstract #80.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Weanling pigs are at risk of succumbing to illness due to an immature immune system and insufficient supply of available energy at the time of weaning. Recent evidence has suggested that providing pigs with Enterobacter cloacae can increase the concentration of circulating triglycerides (TAGs) and thus available energy. In order to determine if this increase in TAGs improved the response of pigs to an infection, 36 weaned pigs 30 d of age (6.7 ± 0.1 kg BW) were individually housed and randomly assigned to three treatment groups: 1) Enterobacter cloacae (JD6301; 1x10^10 colony forming units); 2) an alternate form of this bacterium (JD8715; 1x10^10 Colony forming units) that secretes TAGs into the surrounding environment; or a control of phosphate buffered saline (PBS). For each treatment, bacteria were supplemented to the water daily using a medicator water system (~1x10^6 colony forming unites/mililiter). Pigs were provided water supplemented with E. cloacae for 5 days prior to and 3 days afterwards in relation to being challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli (25 micrograms/kilograms body weight, time 0 hour) and Salmonella typhimurium (1x10^9 colony forming units, time 6 hour). Serum samples were collected every 6 hours for a period of 72 hours and analyzed for non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), TAGs, and whole blood cell counts. At 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours post-challenge, gastrointestinal contents were collected and analyzed for the presence of E. cloacae and S. typhimurium. Circulating TAGs increased (P = 0.05) in pigs provided JD6301 in comparison to PBS controls within 5 days of supplementation, but did not increase (P = 0.33) in pigs provided JD8715. Within 18 hours post-challenge with LPS (and 12 hours post-challenge with S. typhimurium), an increase in NEFAs (P < 0.05) and TAGs (P < 0.04) was observed in pigs provided PBS in comparison to pigs provided either form of E. cloacae. Pigs provided JD6301 had a reduction (P = 0.05) in S. typhimurium populations between 24 to 72 hours post-challenge. However, S. typhimurium populations in pigs provided either JD8715 or PBS did not decrease (P = 0.18) during this time period. Pigs provided JD8715 did have an increase (P = 0.05) in neutrophil concentrations within 6 hours post-exposure to the endoxotin. These data suggest that the oleaginous bacteria JD6301 may improve clearance of S. typhimurium from the gastrointestinal tract. Further research is needed to determine whether this decrease is due to an improved immune response or through competitive inhibition with this microbe.


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