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Title:   Author  item
                                            SUN, YONGFENG - Texas A&M Universityitem
                                            ZHU, XIAOLING - Texas A&M Universityitem
                                            JOHNSON, GREGORY - Texas A&M Universityitem
                                            DUNLAP, KATHRIN - Texas A&M Universityitem
                                            DU, LIYIN - Inner Mongolian Agriculture Universityitem
                                            Vallet, Jeffitem
                                            BAZER, FULLER - Texas A&M University
  Submitted to: Biology of Reproduction Abstracts
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 7/1/2014
                                    Publication  Date: 7/19/2014
                                    Citation: Sun, Y., Zhu, X., Johnson, G.A., Dunlap, K., Du, L., Vallet, J.L., Bazer, F.W. 2014. Arginine decarboxylase (ADC) and agmatinase (AGMAT): an alternative pathway for synthesis of polyamines in pig conceptuses and uteri [abstract]. In: Society for the Study of Reproduction, 47th annual meeting, 19-23 July 2014, Grand Rapids, MI. Abstract 96.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Arginine, a precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) and polyamines, is critical for implantation and development of the conceptus. We first reported that the arginine decarboxylase (ADC)/agmatinase(AGMAT) pathway as an alternative pathway for synthesis of polyamines in the ovine conceptuses and uterus. This study was to test the hypothesis that the ADC/AGMAT pathway for production of polyamines exists in porcine conceptuses and uteri. To test this hypothesis, we used quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analyses to detect expression of ADC and AGMAT mRNAs and proteins in pig conceptuses and endometria from Days of 11, 13, 15 and 17 of the estrous cycle and pregnancy. All experiments and measures were repeated three times. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple range test. The ADC and AGMAT mRNAs were expressed in conceptus trophectoderm. The qRT-PCR results revealed that expression of ADC and AGMAT mRNAs increased between Days 11 and 17 of the estrous cycle and pregnancy in pig endometria; however, there were no significant differences in expression of either ADC or AGMAT mRNAs between cyclic and pregnant gilts (P>0.05). In uterine endometria of pregnant gilts, ADC mRNA expression on Day 13 was greater than on Days 11 and 17 (P<0.05), and AGMAT mRNA expression was lower on Day 11, than on Days 13, 15 and 17 (P<0.05). The presence of ADC and AGMAT proteins was investigated using western blotting with rabbit anti-human ADC and AGMAT polyclonal antibodies. Specific bands of the correct molecular weights for ADC (50 kDa) and AGMAT (38 kDa) proteins were detected in proteins extracted from the conceptuses of pregnant gilts and endometria of pregnant and cyclic gilts. Using immunohistochemistry, ADC and AGMAT proteins were localized to trophectoderm of conceptuses and uterine luminal and glandular epithelia of cyclic and pregnant gilts. The results indicate that arginine is likely metabolized via the classical arginase/ornithine decarboxylase/polyamine pathway, as well as the ADC/AGMAT/polyamine pathway to enhance production of polyamines required for survival, growth and development of porcine conceptuses.


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