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Title:   Author  item
                                            BURSON, WILLIAM - Texas Tech Universityitem
                                            THOMPSON, ALEX - Texas Tech Universityitem
                                            JENNINGS, MICHAEL - Texas Tech Universityitem
                                            Carroll, Jeffery

                                                         - *Jeff Carroll*item
                                            Sanchez, Nicoleitem
                                            HERGENREDER, JERILYN - Texas Tech Universityitem
                                            BAGGERMAN, JESSICA - Texas Tech Universityitem
                                            RAGLAND, BRADY - Texas Tech Universityitem
                                            MURRAY, EVAN - Texas Tech Universityitem
                                            SCHMIDT, TANNTER - Texas Tech Universityitem
                                            SHARON, KATE - Texas Tech Universityitem
                                            RIBEIRO, FLAVIO - Texas Tech Universityitem
                                            JOHNSON, BRADLEY - Texas Tech Universityitem
                                            RATHMANN, RYAN - Texas Tech University
  Submitted to: Journal of Animal Science Supplement
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 3/12/2014
                                    Publication  Date: 7/25/2014
                                    Citation: Burson, W.C., Thompson, A.J., Jennings, M.A., Carroll, J.A., Sanchez, N.C., Hergenreder, J.E., Baggerman, J.O., Ragland, B.J., Murray, E.S., Schmidt, T.R., Sharon, K.S., Ribeiro, F.R., Johnson, B.J., Rathmann, R.J. 2014. Effects of zilpaterol hydrochloride on internal body temperature and respiration rate of black-hided feedlot steers and heifers during moderate heat stress. Journal of Animal Science Supplement. 92(E-Suppl. 2):76-77. (Abstract #150).Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) on the internal body temperature and respiration rate of feedlot cattle during moderate heat stress.  Black-hided steers and heifers (n=96) were sourced from a commercial feedlot and transported to the Texas Tech University Beef Center in New Deal, TX. Cattle were weighed and scanned using real-time ultrasound. Resulting data were used to predict empty body fat percentage (pEBF %). Steers (n=48; body weight = 520 ± 30.4 kilograms; pEBF % = 26.2 ± 1.9) and heifers (n=48; body weight = 466 ± 29.5 kilograms; pEBF % = 26.7 ± 1.7) were blocked within gender by pEBF % in a completely randomized block design and randomly assigned to pen (2 pens/block; 4 head/pen) and treatment (6 pens/treatment): 1) control heifers (HC), 2) ZH heifers (HZ), 3) control steers (SC), and 4) ZH steers (SZ). During the ZH treatment period the climatic conditions were: mean maximum temperature, 29.67 C; mean minimum temperature, 15.18 C; mean relative humidity, 60.69%; mean wind velocity, 8.37 kilometers/hour. Immediately preceding the ZH treatment period (day -1), cattle were fitted with an indwelling rectal temperature probe. Rectal temperatures (RT) were recorded at 5-minute intervals throughout the treatment period. Panting scores (PS) were assigned to cattle every other day from 1500 to 1700  h during the ZH treatment period based on a scale ranging from 1 to 4 (1 = normal respiration, 4 = extremely elevated respiration). Repeated measures analysis of RT revealed a significant treatment x gender interaction (P < 0.0001). The HC group recorded higher RT relative to the HZ group (P = 0.0009; 38.83 C versus 38.76 C, respectively). Alternatively, the SC group recorded lower RT relative to the SZ group (P = 0.0009; 38.96 C versus 38.98 C, respectively). Although highly significant differences were detected for RT, the marginal effect size may be insufficient to deduce biologically significant implications. Fisher’s exact test for count data was used to analyze the frequency distribution of PS. No differences were detected in PS between treatments at any single point of data collection or for the entire treatment period (P = 0.32). Collectively, the variables measured in the present study do not provide compelling evidence to suggest that ZH treated black-hided cattle of either sex have more difficulty coping with moderate heat stress relative to their control counterparts.


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