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Title:   Author  item
                                            Kustas, William

                                                         - *Bill*item
                                            Anderson, Marthaitem
                                            Semmens, Kathrynitem
                                            Prueger, Johnitem
                                            McKee, Lynnitem
                                            Alfieri, Josephitem
                                            XIA, TING - Tsinghua Universityitem
                                            Gao, Fengitem
                                            HAIN, C. - University Of Marylanditem
                                            GELI, H. - Utah State Universityitem
                                            SANCHEZ, L. - E & J Gallo Wineryitem
                                            MENDEZ-COSTABEL, M. - E & J Gallo Winery
  Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 7/8/2014
                                    Publication  Date: 9/22/2014
                                    Citation: Kustas, W.P., Anderson, M.C., Semmens, K.A., Prueger, J.H., Mckee, L.G., Alfieri, J.G., Xia, T., Gao, F.N., Hain, C., Geli, H., Sanchez, L., Mendez-Costabel, M. 2014. Application of thermal-based two-source energy balance model for estimating vineyard evapotranspiration at field and regional scales [abstract]. 4th International Symposium: Recent Advances in Quantitative Remote Sensing Program and Abstract Book. p. 106.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Due to limited water availability in much of California, particularly in the Central Valley region where one-third of the produce consumed in the United States is grown, improvements in water and irrigation management practices are greatly needed. This, in turn, requires the development of tools and technologies for monitoring water use at both the field and regional scale. California growers devote significant acreage to the cultivation of orchard crops and vineyards. These crop types share a unique canopy structure and row spacing. The architecture of wine-grape vineyards is characterized by widely spaced rows (~4 m) and tall plants (~2 m) with most of the biomass concentrated in the upper one-third to one-half of the plant. This wide row spacing and canopy architecture facilitates sunlight interception, air flow, and field operations and results in two distinct management zones: the vines and the inter-row. Often, the treatment of these two management zones is further complicated by a cover crop grown in the inter-row. A combined remote sensing and a land surface model that captures the micro and macro-scale exchanges between the vine, inter-row and atmospheric boundary layer is needed to operationally monitor vineyard water use and both vine and inter-row plant stress. A remote-sensing-based modeling system has been developed with these capabilities and is called the Atmospheric Land EXchange Inverse (ALEXI) model. Additionally, a Disaggregation module (DisALEXI) using high resolution thermal remote sensing data has also been developed.  The ALEXI/DisALEXI land surface scheme is based on the Two-Source Energy Balance (TSEB) formulation that addresses the key factors affecting the convective and radiative exchange within the soil/substrate–plant canopy–atmosphere system. Both the TSEB and ALEXI/DisALEXI modeling systems have been applied and tested over a wide variety of landscapes and found to be robust.  An experiment was conducted at vineyard sites in California to collect ground validation data under the full range of environmental conditions and differing vine phenological stages. These data included in-situ measurements of the water and energy fluxes, meteorological conditions, soil moisture, and biophysical properties along with high resolution aircraft imagery for determining inter-row and vine cover fractions and thermal temperatures. A description of the field experiment and initial results applying both the TSEB with local/aircraft remote sensing data and ALEXI/DisALEXI with satellite observations will be presented.  The capability of the TSEB scheme to quantify vine plant and inter-row water and energy fluxes for the unique vineyard architecture will also be discussed.


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