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Title:   Author  item
                                            NICHOLS, ROBERT - Cotton, Incitem
                                            Bell, Alois

                                                         - *Al*item
                                            CREECH, R - Mississippi State Universityitem
                                            CHEE, P - University Of Georgiaitem
                                            Davis, Richarditem
                                            Erpelding, Johnitem
                                            Fang, Daviditem
                                            Gutierrez, Osmanitem
                                            HAKE, K - Cotton, Incitem
                                            Jenkins, Johnieitem
                                            JONES, JACK - Jajo Genetics Llcitem
                                            LAWRENCE, K - Auburn Universityitem
                                            McCarty, Jackitem
                                            OVERSTREET, C - LSU Agcenteritem
                                            ROBERTS, P - Agraquest, Incitem
                                            ROBINSON, ARIN - Retired ARS Employeeitem
                                            SIKKENS, R - Auburn Universityitem
                                            STARR, J - Texas A&M Universityitem
                                            STELLY, D - Texas A&M Universityitem
                                            Stetina, Salliana

                                                         - *Sally*item
                                            Stipanovic, Robert

                                                         - *Bob*item
                                            THAXTON, P - Mississippi State Universityitem
                                            Ulloa, Mauricioitem
                                            WALLACE, T - Mississippi State Universityitem
                                            WANG, C - Texas Tech Universityitem
                                            WEAVER, D - Auburn Universityitem
                                            Wubben, Martinitem
                                            ZHANG, J - New Mexico State University
  Submitted to: National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 1/7/2014
                                    Publication  Date: 5/13/2014
                                    Citation: Nichols, R.L., Bell, A.A., Creech, R.C., Chee, P.W., Davis, R.F., Erpelding, J.E., Fang, D.D., Gutierrez, O.A., Hake, K.D., Jenkins, J.N., Jones, J., Lawrence, K.L., Mccarty Jr, J.C., Overstreet, C., Roberts, P.A., Robinson, A.F., Sikkens, R.B., Starr, J.L., Stelly, D.M., Stetina, S.R., Stipanovic, R.D., Thaxton, P., Ulloa, M., Wallace, T., Wang, C., Weaver, D.B., Wubben, M., Zhang, J. 2014. Accomplishments of a 10-year initiative to develop host plant resistance to root-knot and reniform nematodes in cotton. Proceedings of the Beltwide Cotton Conferences. CDROM.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: In 2003 Cotton Incorporated initiated a Beltwide research program to develop host plant resistance to root-knot (Meloidogyne incognita) and reniform (Rotylenchulus reniformis) nematodes. Objectives formulated at a coordinating meeting in 2003 that included participants from public institutions and private industry were to identify, characterize, and locate resistance genes, and transfer germplasm and markers to commercial planting seed companies to enable them to develop commercial cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) cultivars with high-levels of resistance to these nematodes. At that time, a high level of resistance to root-knot nematode (RKN) was available in a source developed by R. L. Shepherd at Auburn, AL and released by USDA-ARS. However this source was under-utilized in commercial breeding because phenotyping required time consuming bioassays and individually counting microscopic nematodes and/or root galls. No high levels of resistance to reniform nematode were available in G. hirsutum sources. However resistance had been observed in certain G. barbadense accessions and in the diploid cottons G. arboreum, G. aridum, G. herbaceum, and G. longicalyx. Cotton Incorporated directly supported projects in AL, GA, MS, TX, and CA. Complementary research was conducted by USDA-ARS researchers in MS. Beltwide communication and planning meetings were sponsored by Cotton Incorporated in 2003, 2005, 2007, 2010, and 2012. 

Considerable progress has been achieved. Several individuals and groups have made outstanding findings. Overall, the research in CA, GA, MS, NM, and TX has demonstrated that RKN resistance is a two-gene system synergized by an epistatic interaction. SSR markers have been identified and published for RKN resistance on chromosomes 11 and 14. In separate efforts, resistance to reniform nematode has been introgressed into G. hirsutum from G. aridum and from G. longicalyx via tri-hybrid crosses. In addition, releases of reniform nematode resistant lines derived from G. barbadense ‘713’ have been made by USDA-ARS, Cotton Incorporated, and cooperating state experiment stations in MS and TX. The respective resistance traits were mapped with SSRs and rendered amenable to MAS. In 2014, commercial cultivars with high levels of RKN resistance, developed in part by employing basic information published by this public research effort, are anticipated from Monsanto - Delta and Pineland (D&PL), and Dow AgroSciences (Phytogen).


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