# Patent

## Title
System and method for forming a container having a grip region

## Abstract

A container forming assembly and method includes receiving a parison within a cavity of a mold, enclosing the parison within the mold having a wall with a recess, inflating the parison in the mold to form a blow molded container where the blow molded container has a sidewall, a movable region formed at the recess, and a hinge circumscribing an interface between the sidewall and the movable region, and moving the movable region toward an interior of the blow molded container about the hinge before filling. Furthermore, a method for forming a container includes receiving a parison, enclosing the parison with a mold that includes a cavity, and inflating the parison in said mold to form a blow molded container with a moveable region at the cavity. The method further includes repositioning the moveable region before filling the blow molded container.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 11/399,430 filed Apr. 7, 2006 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,017,065, issued Sep. 13, 2011), the subject matter of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention generally relates to a method for blow molding a container, and more particularly to a method for blow molding a container to be formed with deep-set grips so that the formed container has secure grippability along with a good ergonomic feel. The present invention also relates generally to forming a blow molded container, and more particularly to a method for forming a blow molded container that increases orientation of material at a region of the blow molded container.
2. Related Art
One method of manufacturing containers is through a process known as stretch blow molding. In this process, a preformed parison, or preform, is prepared from a thermoplastic material, typically by an injection molding process. The preform typically includes a threaded end, which becomes the threads of the container. During stretch blow molding, the preform is positioned between two open blow mold halves. The blow mold halves close about the preform and cooperate to provide a cavity into which the preform is blown to form the container. Once the mold is closed, a gas is forced into the perform causing it to stretch and to take the shape of the mold as the plastic contacts the mold. After molding, the mold halves open to release the blow molded container.
One problem with stretch blow molding is that stretching of the plastic material may affect the performance of the container at certain areas. While the stretching of the plastic material may not cause problems for most sections of the container, it particularly affects the ability of the plastic material to form around a deep protrusion in the mold. In some applications of container manufacturing, a deep protrusion may be required to form a particular section of a container. For example, the particular sections of the container formed by an inset or deep protrusion may include the dome, sidewalls, and the base of the container. As the plastic contacts the deep protrusion of the mold, the plastic must stretch and flow around the protrusion into a recess. However, the plastic material is less able to flow and stretch around the protrusion because, of the contact friction with the mold surface. Insufficient material distribution at a region, such as at the base, may affect the ability of the region to maintain its shape around the protrusion during hot filling, the strength of the region, or the ability of the container to stand on a flat surface.
A lack of definition in the base caused by the inability of the plastic to properly form at a deep protrusion is a particular problem. While this is a particular problem in the base region, similar problems exist in other regions of a container where an inset is positioned. As stated previously, these other regions formed with an inset or deep protrusion include the dome, the sidewalls, etc. of a container. These problems can exist with any forming process, such as blow molding, where material must flow around a protrusion of a mold to form an inset region of a container. This is particularly true for blow molding processes including stretch blow molding, extrusion blow molding and injection blow molding.
Some containers have deep-set grips on either side of the bottle so that a consumer can easily pick up the filled container with a firm grasp of his/her hand. When blowing deep-set grips with known blow molding processes, plastic material becomes trapped in the grip regions consequently starving other regions of the container of material. To account for this, the container weight is increased as more material is required to be used to ensure that a sufficient amount of material is provided for all parts of the container. Alternatively, design compromises are made so that the resultant thinner regions are closer to the axis of the container causing those regions to be blown with more material. However, blowing heavier-containers and the resultant design constraints do not solve the problem described above.
What is needed is an improved method of forming a container with a deep-set protrusion (e.g., in the base and/or as a grip) that overcomes the shortcomings of conventional solutions that introduce additional costs, molding time, and complexity into the mold setup.
Furthermore, conventionally, a container may be manufactured through a process known as blow molding. In blow molding, a parison is received at a blow molding apparatus, and the parison is enclosed by a container mold. The blow molding apparatus inflates the parison by forcing gas into the parison which causes the parison to stretch and take the shape of the container mold. Once the parison has taken the shape of the container mold, the blow molding step is complete and the container is removed from the container mold for further processing.
In some applications of container manufacturing, a deep protrusion may be required at a particular section of a container, most often at a base or at a hand grip of the container. Deep protrusions, when located at the base of the container, are sometimes referred to as “push-ups” since the protrusions push up into the interior of the container. However, employing known techniques to manufacture containers with deep protrusions has various problems. One such problem is the orientation of the plastic material around the deep protrusion. Orientation refers to how closely the molecules in a plastic material are packed together. Orientation of plastic molecules occurs as the plastic material stretches, and the greater the material stretch, the higher the orientation. As the orientation of the plastic molecules increases, the molecules straighten and may form a crystalline structure. Typically, the higher the crystallinity of the plastic, the greater the rigidity of the plastic, which improves the structural integrity of the container. The structural integrity of the container may be important during hot fill processing as the container must be able to withstand the rigors of hot fill processing.
In a hot fill process, a product is added to the container at an elevated temperature, about 82° C., which can be near the glass transition temperature of the plastic material, and the container is capped. During hot fill processing and in the subsequent cooling, the container base may experience roll out, distortion, or deformation that can cause the container to lean or become unstable. This problem can be reduced or eliminated by increasing orientation of material in the container base.
During blow molding of a container, gas is forced into a parison which causes the parison to inflate and stretch to take the shape of the container mold. However, the parison cools as it contacts the container mold. Cooling of the parison affects its ability to stretch, and thus its ability to orient. While this may not cause problems for most sections of the container, it particularly affects the orientation of the material formed around a deep protrusion. As the parison contacts the deep protrusion, the parison must flow around the protrusion into a recess. As the parison contacts the protrusion and cools, the parison is less able to flow around the protrusion, which affects the ability of the parison to stretch and to orient plastic material at the recess. Insufficient orientation at a region, such as at a base or at a hand grip, may affect the ability of the region to maintain its shape around the protrusion, the strength of the region, or the ability of the container to stand on a flat surface. Cooling of the parison also is known to create thick amorphous plastic sections around the protrusion, which adds excess plastic material to the container and affects the rigidity around the protrusion. The thick amorphous plastic sections add to the weight of the container, and thus the cost.
A known system for manufacturing a blow molded container is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,255,889 to Collette et al., which is incorporated herein by reference. In the system described therein, a preform is received and enclosed by a mold chamber, which includes two side movable mold members and a base mold. In the mold chamber, the base mold member has an upper base plug with a protrusion that extends upward toward the center of the mold chamber. During blow molding, gas is forced into the preform to inflate and stretch the preform material into the shape of the mold chamber. As the preform material reaches the protrusion, the material stretches around the protrusion into a recess to form a bearing surface of the container. Once the container is formed, the mold chamber (the two side mold members and the base mold member) opens and releases the molded container. However, the base of the containers generated by this system may have limited crystallinity, a build up of amorphous unoriented material, or other problems in the base similar to those described above due to forcing the preform to stretch around the protrusion into the recess to form the bearing surface of the container.
Likewise, FIG. 10 illustrates a base assembly 1000 for forming a container base according to the prior art. The base assembly 1000 includes a base pedestal 1002, a centering pin 1020, and a base plug 1004, with the base plug 1004 being secured to a top surface of the base pedestal 1002. The centering pin 1020 may be used to secure and position the base assembly in a blow molding apparatus (not shown). The base plug 1004 includes a base mold 1006 for forming a container base. The base mold 1006 includes a protrusion 1008 for forming a deep protrusion in the container base, and a surface 1010 for forming a bearing surface of the container base.
During blow molding of a parison into a container, the base mold 1006 forms the parison material into a base of the container. As the parison material contacts the base mold 1006, the parison material stretches around the protrusion 1008 down to the surface 1010 for forming the bearing surface, as indicated by the arrows A and B. However, once the parison contacts the protrusion 1008, the parison material begins to cool and the orientation of the parison material is slowed, which causes the formation of thick amorphous plastic sections in the base. The thick amorphous plastic sections affect the rigidity of the base, the ability of the container to stand on a flat surface, and add to the cost of the container.
What is needed is an improved system for forming a deep protrusion in a container that overcomes the shortcomings of conventional solutions.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
One aspect of the invention is to create a deep-set grip in a container that provides secure grippability along with a good ergonomic feel in the resultant container. In a preferred embodiment, the deep-set grip is achieved in a manner to maintain the overall container weight at an as minimal a weight as possible, and to allow for a wide range of design applications.
The invention includes a container forming assembly including a mold having a sidewall with a recess, and a method for making the container.
A method according to exemplary embodiments of the invention includes receiving a parison, enclosing the parison within a mold having a wall with a recess, inflating the parison into the mold to form a blow molded container where the blow molded container has a sidewall, a movable region formed at the recess that extends outward from the container, and a hinge circumscribing an interface between the sidewall and the movable region, and moving the movable region about the hinge before filling the blow molded container with liquid or other consumable product.
A container forming assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention forms a container from a parison where the container has at least one movable gripping region. The container forming assembly includes a mold adapted to form a first portion and a second portion of the at least one movable gripping region wherein the first portion is rotatable about a first hinge toward an interior of the container, the first hinge being formed at a first seam between the first portion and the container, and said second portion is rotatable about a second hinge toward the interior of the container, the second hinge being formed at a second seam between the second portion and the container; and a drive mechanism adapted to move the mold to enclose the parison during blow molding and to release the container after blow molding.
Another exemplary method according to the invention is directed to a method for increasing crystallinity of a blow molded container. This exemplary method includes inflating a parison in a mold having a wall with a recess to form a blow molded container having a movable gripping region, the movable gripping region being formed at the recess, the blow molded container having a hinge coupled to said movable gripping region, the hinge circumscribing an interface between the blow molded container and the movable gripping region; and moving the movable gripping region about said hinge toward an interior of said blow molded container before filling the blow molded container.
The container forming assembly according to another exemplary embodiment would include a first mold half forming a first movable gripping region and a second mold half forming a second movable gripping region where the second movable gripping region has hinges, rotatable portions and the structure of the first movable gripping region.
In the exemplary embodiment, each of the first and second mold halves have a recess forming a movable gripping portion forming region that includes a first surface adapted to form a first outer grip portion of the movable gripping region, a second surface adapted to form a second outer grip portion of the movable gripping region, a third surface adapted to form a first inner grip portion of the movable gripping region, a fourth surface adapted to form a second inner grip portion of the movable grip portion; and a fifth surface area adapted to form a ridge area of the movable gripping portion.
The container forming assembly of the foregoing exemplary embodiment may further have its fifth surface area positioned between the third and fourth surfaces, and wherein the third and fourth surfaces positioned adjacent to the first and second surfaces, respectively.
The invention also includes a method for forming a container, a method for increasing crystallinity of a container, a base assembly for forming a container, and a container.
The method of the invention for forming a container includes receiving a parison, enclosing the parison with a mold having a cavity, inflating the parison in the mold to form a blow molded container with a moveable region at the cavity, and repositioning the moveable region before filling said blow molded container.
The method of the invention for increasing crystallinity of a container includes inflating a parison to form a blow molded container having a moveable region, at least a portion of the moveable region protruding outward from the blow molded container, and repositioning the moveable region before filling the blow molded container.
The base assembly of the invention, which is adapted to form a container with a base having a moveable region and having a bearing surface, includes a base pedestal, a push rod coupled to the base pedestal, and a base plug coupled to the base pedestal. The base plug has a base mold adapted to form the moveable region and to from the bearing surface of the base so that at least a portion of the moveable region protrudes outward from the base beyond the bearing surface. The push rod is adapted to reposition the moveable region before filling the container.
The container of the invention includes a base having a moveable region with a dimple, and a bearing surface that is offset from the moveable region. After blow molding and before filling the container, at least a portion of the moveable region protrudes outward beyond the bearing surface.
Further advantages, as well as the structure and function of exemplary embodiments will become apparent from a consideration of the description, drawings, and examples.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following, more particular description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numbers may generally indicate identical, functionally similar, and/or structurally similar elements.
FIG. 1 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a first stage of a container with the deep-set grip inverted, according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 depicts a cross sectional view of the exemplary container of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIGS. 3A-B depict an exemplary embodiment inverting a grip of a container according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a parison received before a mold according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates an exemplary blow molded container with a movable region according to the invention;
FIG. 6 schematically illustrates another exemplary blow molded container with a movable region being inverted prior to release from the mold-on each side of the container;
FIGS. 7A-C schematically illustrate the movable region of the exemplary container being inverted after release from the mold;
FIG. 8 illustrates a mold for forming half of the container shown in FIG. 1; and
FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the mold that can be activated to push in an outwardly protruding region toward the center of the container.
FIG. 10 illustrates a base assembly for forming a container base according to the prior art.
FIGS. 11A-11D illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a base assembly according to the present invention.
FIGS. 12A-12B illustrate an exemplary embodiment of using a base assembly to form a container base according to the present invention.
FIGS. 13A-13B illustrate exemplary embodiments of a push rod repositioning the container base according to the present invention.
FIGS. 14A-14B illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a container prior to and after repositioning according to the present invention.



Further objectives and advantages, as well as the structure and function of exemplary embodiments will become apparent from a consideration of the description, drawings, and examples.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are discussed in detail below. In describing the exemplary embodiments, specific terminology is employed for the sake of clarity. However, the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific terminology so selected. While specific exemplary embodiments are discussed, it should be understood that this is done for illustration purposes only. A person skilled in the relevant art will recognize that other components and configurations may be used without parting from the spirit and scope of the invention. All references cited herein are incorporated by reference as if each had been individually incorporated.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention may generally relate to a container, a method of inverting a grip of a container, and a blow molding apparatus for forming a container having an invertible grip. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a blow-molding apparatus 10 may receive a parison 12 and enclose the parison with a mold 14a-c, which may include a recess 16 in the outer surface of the mold 14b. The blow-molding apparatus 10 may inflate the parison into the mold to form a blow molded container 100 (see FIG. 5). The blow-molded container 100 may have a sidewall, a movable region 18 formed at the recess 16, and a hinge circumscribing an interface between the sidewall of container 100 and the movable region 18. The blow-molding apparatus may be adapted to move the movable region 18 about the hinge before filling the blow molded container 100. An internal volume of the blow molded container may be reduced by moving the movable region 18 into the center of the container 100 (arrow 22 in FIGS. 6 and 7A) as schematically shown in FIG. 7C. The movable region 18 may form a grip for the container 100. By blow molding the movable region 18 or grip in its outward position (outside the container) and then inverting the movable region to form the grip by using a simple mechanical force, the weight of the container may be reduced and the definition of the grip may be improved.
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a container representing the shape of the container as stretch blow molded according to the present invention, FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a movable region of a container in its outwardly blown position according to the present invention, and FIGS. 3A-B illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the movable region of a container in its outwardly blown position and the final configuration of the grip according to the present invention, respectively.
The exemplary embodiments will initially be discussed with reference to FIGS. 1-2. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, container 100 is blow molded into the shape as schematically illustrated in FIG. 7. FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective side view of the exemplary container 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As depicted, the container 100 includes an upper portion 102, a shoulder 104, a container body 106, and a base 108. The upper portion 102 of the container 100 generally is any structure having an opening into the interior of the container 100 and being adapted to receive a closure (not shown). The closure may be any device used to create a substantially air tight seal for a hot-filled product within the container 100, thus substantially preventing air from entering the container 100 through the upper portion 102. In one exemplary embodiment, the upper portion 102 includes threads 112 that are adapted to couple with a closure that is a twist-on cap. The cap may be twisted onto the threads 112 of the upper portion 102 to create a seal with the container 100. In an alternative embodiment, a sealing plug may be placed in the upper portion 102 to seal the container 100. Other closures or seals may be used, as will be appreciated by those of skill in the art.
The shoulder 104 of the container 100 extends from the top of the container body 106 to the bottom of the upper portion 102. Generally, the shoulder 104 narrows as it progresses from the container body 106 to the bottom of the upper portion 102. The shoulder 104 may have any desired shape, or may be omitted from the container 100. The shoulder 104 may include patterns, shapes, and other geometries, or alternatively, may be substantially smooth. In the depicted embodiment, the width of the bottom of the shoulder 104 corresponds to the width of the top of the container body 106, and narrows by curving inward as the shoulder 104 approaches the upper portion 102. The shoulder 104 curves outward before reaching the upper portion 102, and then curves inward as the shoulder 104 reaches the upper portion 102. The shoulder 104 may be other shapes and include other patterns, as will be appreciated by those of skill in the art.
The container body 106 of the container 100 extends from the base 108 to the shoulder 104 and defines an interior of the container 100. The container body 106 is positioned below the shoulder 104. In an alternative embodiment, if the shoulder 104 is omitted from the container 100, the container body 106 extends to the upper portion 102. The container body 106 may be any asymmetrical or symmetrical shape, such as, but not limited to, cylindrical, square, rectangular, or other geometries. Optionally, the container body 106 of the container 100 may include patterned support structure or vacuum panels. The patterned support structure and the vacuum panels may help provide structural integrity for the container 100.
In the depicted embodiment, the container body 106 has ribs 112 positioned at various locations on the container 100. The ribs 112 may be a series of recessed sections alternating with non-recessed sections on the container body 106. The ribs 112 may include other types and shapes and may also be placed at alternate locations on the container body 106, as will be appreciated by those of skill in the art. The ribs 112 may also be omitted from the container body 106, or may be placed at other locations on the container 100.
The container body 106 may also include a movable region 110 that initially is blow molded outside of the container 100 (see FIG. 6). The movable region 110 is comprised of a number of surfaces in the grip area of the container body 106. The number of surfaces are arranged in a way so that an external force (arrow 22) acting on the grip area causes the surfaces to fold in relation to one another until such a point where they snap into an inverted position toward the interior of the container 100. As depicted in FIG. 2, the movable region 110 may include a first hinge or seam 202, a first portion 204, a first inner wall 206, a second hinge or seam 214, a second portion 212, a second inner wall 210, a third hinge or seam 208, a fourth hinge or seam 216, and a fifth hinge or seam 218. The first hinge or seam 202 couples the first portion 204 so that portion 204 of the container body 106 is initially blow molded outside the container body 106 and then can be pushed inside the container as shown in FIGS. 3A-B, respectively. The second hinge or seam 214 couples the second portion 212 so that second portion 212 can be pushed inside the container 106 by pivoting about second hinge or seam 214. The fifth hinge or seam 218 couples the first portion 204 with the first inner wall 206, and the fourth hinge or seam 216 couples the second portion 212 with the second inner wall 210 so that these portions can be pushed inside container 106. The inverted movable region 110 is shown in FIG. 3B.
The mold of the container forming assembly shown in FIGS. 4-6 may be made of first and second mold halves 14a, 14b that each may include a wall with a recess to form respective first and second movable gripping regions 110. The gripping-regions 110 are initially blown outside the container and then inverted so that a consumer's hand easily fits into the inverted gripping regions.
Initially, when the container 100 is blow molded, the movable region 110 is formed extending away from the interior of the container 100. FIG. 3A illustrates the movable region 110 as blow molded extending away from the interior of the container 100, and FIG. 3B illustrates the movable region 110 extending toward the interior of the container 100 after inversion. During inversion, a force may be applied to cause the movable region 110 to invert. As the force is applied, the first portion 204 rotates about the first hinge or seam 202 and the second portion 212 rotates about the second hinge or seam 214. Additionally, the first portion 204 rotates about the fifth hinge or seam 218 relative to the first inner wall 206, the second portion 212 rotates about the fourth hinge or seam 216 relative to the second inner wall 210, and the first inner wall 206 rotates about the third hinge or seam 208 relative to the second inner wall 210. That is, a many sided movable region 110 is initially blown outside the container thereby avoiding the need for a mold with a deep-set protrusion around which plastic material has difficulty forming the desired thickness about the protrusion. Then, the weights of the plastic at the hinges or seams along with the angles of the first and second portions and the inner walls are designed so that movable region 110 can be inverted into the container to form a deep-set grip(s) that a consumer can securely grip and that has a good ergonomic feel to the consumer. The container wall thickness at the hinges is thinner than the surrounding portions or inner walls, which are heavier as the plastic naturally moves in this manner. The angles of the first and second portions and the inner walls should be sufficiently steep so that the desired depth of a grip is achieved and the desired ergonomic feel.
During inversion, a sufficient force may be applied to the movable region 110 formed outside the container while the container 100 remains within the mold 14a-c (see FIG. 5). As the Assignee of the present invention has successfully inverted projections blown outside the base of the container, enough force needs to be applied to the movable region 110 to cause inversion. In one embodiment, the inversion of the moveable region 18 (110 in FIGS. 1-3B) may occur as late into the blowing process as possible so that the container 100 is allowed to cool as much possible before the container 100 is released or ejected from the mold. The longer the container and movable region can cool, a better inversion result can be achieved. This is because the warmer the container is during inversion, the higher the probability that the container will crease at an undesired location resulting in an aesthetically unpleasing container and thus, a rejected container. The inversion may occur just before the container is ejected or released from the mold to reduce the likelihood that the inversion will form unwanted creases or deformities in the container 100. An air cylinder (not shown) may be used for the inversion of the movable region 110 by applying a force to the first portion 204 and to second inner wall 210. Alternatively, other mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, or cam operated means for inverting may be used, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. For example, the cam operated means may be included within the mold and the movable region may be inverted while the mold fully encloses the formed container.
The container 100 is blow molded into the shape depicted in FIG. 3A to avoid trapping material in recessed areas of a complex shaped mold and to improve the performance (less rejected containers) of the container 100 at the movable region 110 without increasing the amount of material to the region. The movable region 110 is formed into the shape shown in FIG. 3A to ensure that all surfaces of the movable region are properly formed with sufficient amounts of material and have sufficient definition. An advantage of forming the movable region 110 extending away from the interior of the container is that the rigidity at the movable region 110 is increased by allowing for further orientation of plastic material during the blow molding process (see FIGS. 1, 2, and 3A), as compared with initially forming the container with a deep-set protrusion extending toward the interior of the container (see FIG. 3B). By having the movable region 110 extend away from the interior of the container 100, the orientation of plastic material in the movable region 110 is increased since the mold would not trap material, but would allow the plastic material to further stretch into a cavity of a mold to form the movable region 110 during blow molding. As the orientation of the plastic molecules increases, the molecules straighten and may form a crystalline structure. Typically, the higher the crystallinity of the plastic, the greater the rigidity of the plastic, which improves the structural integrity of the container 100 at the movable region 110. A similar process for increasing orientation is also described in co-pending U.S. Provisional Utility Patent Application No. 60/671,459, filed Apr. 15, 2005, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
It is noted that if the container 100 would be initially blow molded into the shape depicted in FIG. 3B, the movable region 110 would not be fully formed at the region near the first hinge or seam 202 and near the second hinge or seam 212. This is the result of forming a container with the stretch blow molding technique. As a container is being stretch blow molded, gas stretches plastic material against a mold for the container, such as a mold for the container 100. If the mold contains a protrusion to form the movable region depicted in FIG. 3B, the plastic material would have to stretch around the protrusion from third hinge or seam 208 down to the region near the first hinge or, seam 202 and near the second hinge or seam 212 (see FIG. 3B). The contact with the mold would trap material at the region near the third hinge or seam 208, and not allow the material to fully form down into the region near the first hinge or seam 202 and near the second hinge or seam 212. Moreover, forming the movable region 110 with such a protrusion would cause plastic to become trapped at the movable region 110, which may prevent other areas of the container to not have sufficient plastic to properly form those areas.
Stretch blow molding the container 100 into the shape as illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3B also reduces the wall thickness of the movable region 110 and reduces the occurrence of thick amorphous plastic sections near the movable region 110, as compared with forming the container with the movable region 110 extending outwardly from the container as depicted in FIG. 3A. This may allow the amount of plastic material present in the movable region 110 to be reduced without detrimentally affecting container performance, and, in some instances, this technique improves the performance of the movable region. Likewise, forming the container into the shape as illustrated in FIG. 3A may allow a more uniform distribution of plastic material in the base 108. Moreover, the increased rigidity may allow for the inversion of the movable region 110 without a substantial net distortion of the container body 106.
FIGS. 4-6 schematically illustrate a container forming assembly for forming a container from a parison according to one embodiment of the invention. The assembly includes a mold 14a, 14b, and 14c that can be driven by a drive mechanism to enclose parison 12. A container 100 is blown within the closed mold assembly, as shown in FIG. 5. A recess 16 may be disposed in a sidewall of mold 14a and mold 14b to form a two sided grip for a container. FIG. 8 illustrates one side of the mold 814 for forming a container as shown in FIG. 1. In this embodiment each side mold would include a recess 816 that has a first surface 804 adapted to form a first outer grip portion (204), a second surface 812 adapted to form a second outer grip portion (212), a third surface 806 adapted to form a first inner grip portion (206) adjacent the first outer grip portion (204), a fourth surface 810 adapted to form a second inner grip portion (210), and a fifth surface area 808 adapted to from a ridge area (208) of a movable gripping region 110. The forming assembly may include a first push rod adapted to rotate the first portion 204 of a movable region 110 about first hinge or seam 202 to invert the movable region so that it forms a gripping region. A second push rod may be employed to cause the second portion 212 to rotate about hinge or seam 214 to push both sides of the resultant gripping regions within container 100 prior to filling the container with food product. As shown in FIG. 9, a section 900 of the recess 816 that corresponds with surfaces 806 and 810 and surface area 808 is movable between the inactive position shown in FIG. 8 and the active position shown in FIG. 9.
This system also benefits from requiring less expensive components. While other systems may use complex pneumatic, hydraulic, or cam operated means to push pieces of the mold inward at a specific point in the blow molding cycle, the exemplary embodiments may use a simple mechanical means of inverting the movable region 110. This reduces the cost, molding time, and complexity of the mold set up as compared with conventional systems.
Thus, the container 100 according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention may improve the sufficient rigidity, definition, and performance of the container 100 at a movable region 110 thereby allowing a container to be formed that uses less plastic while maintaining the performance and appearance of the container.
The embodiments and examples discussed herein are non-limiting examples. The shape of the inset are not limited to the examples shown, as the movable region may blown outward in a round or oval forum and, when inverted, still obtain the same function—decrease the volume of the blown container.
Furthermore, FIGS. 11A-11D illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a base assembly 400 according to the present invention. FIG. 11A illustrates a side view of the base assembly 400 having a push rod 446. FIG. 11B illustrates a side view of the base assembly 400 with a rod end 412 of the push rod 426 extended. FIG. 11C illustrates a top view of the base assembly 400. FIG. 11D illustrates a cross sectional view of the base assembly 400 along line A-A of FIG. 11C to further depict the push rod 426. In the following description, reference to FIGS. 11A-11D will be made.
The base assembly 400 includes a base pedestal 402, a base plug 404, a centering pin 420, and a push rod 426. The centering pin 420 may be used to secure and position the base assembly 400 in a blow molding apparatus (not shown). The base pedestal 402 may have any shape, so long as it has a hollow central region for receiving the push rod 426, and a top region adapted to connect with the base plug 404. In an alternative embodiment, the base plug 404 and the base pedestal 402 may be a single apparatus. During blow molding, the base assembly 400 is raised to connect with other mold assemblies for blow molding of a container. After the container is blow molded, the base assembly 400 is lowered to release the container.
The push rod 426 is a cylindrically shaped rod that is located above the centering pin 420 and extends through the base pedestal 402 up to a surface of the base plug 404. In one embodiment, the push rod 426 is a metal mold component. The base assembly 400 includes a mechanism that moves the push rod 426 and elevates a rod end 412 of the push rod 426 above the surface of the base plug 404. In an alternative embodiment, only the rod end 412 of the push rod 426 may be elevated. The mechanism for elevating the push rod 426 may be a spring, a cam, or may be driven pneumatically, hydraulically, or electronically. The mechanism may be located internal or external to the push rod 426. The rod end 412 is formed at the end of the push rod 426, and the top surface of the rod end 412 is used to form a dimple in the base of the container. The shape of the rod end 412 is similar to a truncated cone, where the end of the truncated cone includes a section 418. The section 418 of the rod end 412 may be concave, and the section 418 may be adapted to form a convex section in the base of the container that extends downward away from the center of the container. In alternative embodiments, the section 418 of the rod end 412 may be flat or convex extending upward toward the center of the container. The section 418 is used to reposition a moveable region of the base from an initially outward protruding position to a position within the container cavity, as will be discussed later in detail.
The base plug 404 includes a base mold 406 having a contact surface 408 adapted to contact a parison material during blow molding of a container. The contact surface 408 of the base mold 406 forms the shape of the base of the container. The contact surface 406 is a curvilinear mold for forming a moveable region and a bearing surface of a container base. As will be described later in detail, once the base of the bottle is formed, the moveable region of the base is repositioned from an outwardly protruding position toward the interior of the container. In one embodiment, the movable region is repositioned to a position within the interior of the container, thus forming a container base that is structurally and functionally similar to that of a container having a conventional push up.
The contact surface 408 includes a cavity 410, a surface 414, and a surface of the rod end 412. The surface of the cavity 410 and the surface of the rod end 412 form an inner region 420 of the base mold 406, and the surface 414 forms an outer region 422 of the base mold 406, with the outer region 422 being offset from the inner region 420. The inner region 420 and the outer region 422 are adapted to form a base of a container during blow molding. The outer region 422 is substantially flat and is adapted to form a bearing surface of a container. In an alternative embodiment, the outer region 422 may be non-flat or rounded, or may form a discontinuous bearing surface. The present invention can thus be adapted to form bearing surfaces with geometries known in the art.
When viewing a side cross section of the mold 406, the cavity 410 is a depression in the base mold 406 that is adapted to form a moveable region in a container. The cavity 410 begins at the outermost edge of the inner region 420, and curves both inward toward the center of the base mold 406 and downward toward the bottom of the base assembly 400. Prior to reaching the rod end 412, the cavity 410 reaches its bottom and begins to curve upward. From the bottom of the cavity 410, the cavity 410 curves both inward toward the center of the base mold 406 and upward away from the bottom of the base assembly 400. The cavity 410 ends at the truncated end of the rod end 412. In an alternative embodiment, the bottom of the rod end 412 may occur at other locations in the base mold 406 relative to the rod end 412, or may even be positioned on the rod end 412. When the base mold 406 is viewed from the top, the cavity 410 is a circular depression in the base mold 406 (see FIG. 11C). The cavity 410 is located between the outermost edge of the inner region 420 and the outermost edge of section 418 of the rod end 412. In an alternative embodiment, the cavity 410 may be any symmetric or asymmetric shape other than a circular depression. For example, the cavity may form a triangle, a rectangle, or a polygon. In a further alternative embodiment, the cavity 410 does not curve upward from its bottom, and instead may curve further downward or may be flat until it reaches the center of the base mold 406.
FIGS. 12A-12B illustrate an exemplary embodiment using a base assembly 400 to form a base of a container according to the present invention. In FIG. 12A, a parison 304 having a threaded finish is attached to a holder 302 of a blow molding apparatus (not shown) that is adapted to form a blow molded container. Surrounding the parison 304 is a first side mold 306, a second side mold 308, and the base assembly 400. The first side mold 306 contains a mold of one side of the container, and the second side mold 308 contains a mold of the other side. The first side mold 306 and the second side mold 308 may be mirror images of one another, or they may have different shapes. Other combinations and different numbers of molds may be used, as is understood by those of skill in the art.
Prior to blow molding, the parison 304 is enclosed by the first side mold 306, the second side mold 308, and the base mold 206. As illustrated in FIG. 12B, once the parison is enclosed, gas is forced into the parison 304 to inflate the parison 304 in the first side mold 306, the second side mold 308, and the base mold 206. During inflation, the parison 304 stretches into the form of the first side mold 306, the second side mold 308, and the base mold 406. As the parison material contacts the base mold 406, the parison material is blown against the contact surface 408 into the cavity 410. The parison material stretches into the cavity 410 to form a moveable region in the base of the container.
By having the cavity 410 in the base mold 406, the parison material does not encounter a deep protrusion, which would cause cooling and would reduce plastic material orientation. Stretching the parison material during inflation into the cavity 410, as opposed to around a protrusion, allows the parison material to further stretch and orient since the parison material is blown into a wider space as compared with a narrow recess around a deep protrusion. The additional stretch increases the crystallinity of the molecules of the parison material, which increases the rigidity of the base and improves the structural integrity of the base. Blow molding the parison material into the cavity 410 also reduces the wall thickness of the base and reduces the occurrence of thick amorphous plastic sections in the base. Thus, the amount of plastic material present in the base can be reduced without detrimentally affecting container performance, and, in some instances, this technique improves the performance of the base.
FIG. 13A illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the push rod 426 repositioning the base of the container according to the present invention. In this embodiment, prior to separating the first side mold 306, the second side mold 308, and the base assembly 400 from the container, the base of the container is repositioned. After the inflation process of the parison 304 has completed, a base having a moveable region that protrudes outward from the container is formed at the cavity 410. The moveable region of the container base is downwardly convex with respect to a bearing surface, as is described below in detail. The push rod 426 is then elevated upward toward the center of the container to elevate the rod end 412 above the contact surface 408 to exert pressure on the moveable region of the base. As the rod end 412 is further elevated, the moveable region is forced upward toward the center of the container into an upward position, which extends inward into the interior of the container with respect to the bearing surface. After the moveable region is repositioned upward, the push rod 426 may be lowered. Thereafter, the first side mold 306, the second side mold 308, and the base assembly 400 may release the blow molded container by separating.
FIG. 13B illustrates an alternative exemplary embodiment of the push rod 426 repositioning the base of the container according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the base assembly 400 separates from the first side mold 306 and the second side mold 308 to release the base of the container. Afterwards, the rod end 412 is elevated until it reaches the moveable region of the container base. The rod end 412 then exerts pressure on the base of the container to reposition the moveable region of the base. Thereafter, the first side mold 306 and the second side mold 308 may release the blow molded container by separating so that the container may be further processed. In still other embodiments, the base of the container may be released from the molds without being repositioned and sent to a different device for repositioning the moveable region.
FIGS. 14A and 14B illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a container 500 prior to and after repositioning by the push rod 406 according to the present invention. Prior to repositioning, the base includes a moveable region 502 and a bearing surface 504, where at least a portion of the moveable region 502 protrudes outward from the base of the container beyond the bearing surface 504. The moveable region 502 of the container base is downwardly convex with respect to the bearing surface 504. During inflation using base mold 406, the moveable region 502 is formed by the inner region 420 of the base mold 406, and the bearing surface 504 is formed by the outer region 422. The moveable region 502 protrudes outward from an innermost edge of the bearing surface 504 away from the center of the container and is downwardly convex with respect to the bearing surface 504. The moveable region 502 is illustrated as being circular, but may be any symmetrical or asymmetrical shape. A dimple 518 is formed at a center of the moveable region 502 by the surface of the rod end 412 of the contact surface 408. The dimple 518 is upwardly convex and protrudes inward toward the center of the container 500. The dimple 518 provides a pocket in which the rod end 412 can be situated as the push rod 426 extends to reposition the moveable region 502 of the base.
During repositioning, the moveable region 502 is moved toward the center interior of the container by the extension of the rod end 412. In one embodiment, the moveable region 502 is moved within the interior of the container with respect to the bearing surface 504. In repositioning, the rod end 412 contacts the dimple 518 and forces the dimple 518 toward the center of the container. This repositions the moveable region 502 and causes the moveable region 502 to no longer extend or protrude beyond the bearing surface 504. In an alternative embodiment, the rod end 412 may contact the moveable region 502 at other locations to reposition the moveable region 502 of the base, as would be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. In one embodiment, repositioning of the base occurs before the container is filled so that the container may be placed on a substantially flat surface for transport to, for example, a filling machine, or alternatively, for transport during manufacturing or for palletizing, as is known in the art. The filling machine may fill the container by any known filling process, including hot filling, cold filling, and other filling processes known by those skilled in the art. By repositioning the moveable region 502, the container can stand stably on a substantially flat surface and be processed similar to containers with conventionally manufactured push up bases. Thus, the base region, after repositioning the moveable region 502, has the appearance and functionality of a conventional blow molded base with a push up, without the disadvantages of the prior art.
The container 500 has a one-piece construction and can be prepared from a monolayer plastic material, such as a polyamide, for example, nylon; a polyolefin such as polyethylene, for example, low density polyethylene (LDPE) or high density polyethylene (HDPE), or polypropylene; a polyester, for example polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphtalate (PEN); or others, which can also include additives to vary the physical or chemical properties of the material. For example, some plastic resins can be modified to improve the oxygen permeability. Alternatively, the container 500 can be prepared from a multilayer plastic material. The layers can be any plastic material, including virgin, recycled and reground material, and can include plastics or other materials with additives to improve physical properties of the container. In addition to the above-mentioned materials, other materials often used in multilayer plastic containers include, for example, ethylvinyl alcohol (EVOH) and tie layers or binders to hold together materials that are subject to delamination when used in adjacent layers. A coating may be applied over the monolayer or multilayer material, for example to introduce oxygen barrier properties.
Although the present embodiment and the figures illustrated the parison 304 as a preform having threads at the top, the parison may also be a threadless plastic tube without departing from the scope of the invention. One example using a parison that is a plastic tube involves inserting a needle into the parison, and forcing gas through the needle to expand the plastic tube to take the shape of a mold. Additionally, any blow molding technique may be used for forming the container, including injection blow molding, stretch blow molding, or extrusion blow molding, as would be understood by those of skill in the art.
It is noted that the detailed description describes a technique for blow molding a moveable region 502 on a container base by molding a parison material into a cavity 410. However, this technique may be used to form other regions of a container other than the base, such as to form at least a portion of a hand grip of a container, or to form other deep protrusions of a container. The cavity 410 may also be located on either side mold 306 or 308, or on other locations in the base mold 406. This technique is useable on any region of a plastic container where a deep protrusion is required. The technique described herein increases the rigidity of a region having a deep protrusion, while reducing thick amorphous plastic sections around the region caused by the deep protrusion.
The exemplary embodiments illustrated and discussed in this specification are intended only to teach those skilled in the art the best way known to the inventors to make and use the invention. Nothing in this specification should be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. All examples presented are representative and non-limiting. The above-described exemplary embodiments of the invention maybe modified or varied, without departing from the invention, as appreciated by those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that, within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

## Claims

1. A method of making a blow-molded plastic container having a base portion that supports the container, the method comprising:
disposing a preform in a mold having a base forming assembly to form a portion of the base portion of the container, the base forming assembly including a base forming portion and a movable insert portion that is movable relative to the base forming portion;
blowing the preform against the base forming assembly of the mold to form a container body having the base portion, the base portion including a thinned wall portion, a first portion disposed radially outward of the thinned wall portion, and a second portion disposed radially inward of the thinned wall portion, the thinned wall portion defining a hinge portion and having a wall thickness that is thinner than immediately surrounding portions on both sides thereof, the hinge portion being constructed and operative to facilitate movement of the second portion in a direction toward an inner volume of the container; and
moving the movable insert portion of the base forming assembly relative to the base forming portion of the base forming assembly while the base portion of the container remains in the mold so as to advance the movable insert portion in the direction toward the inner volume of the container,
wherein, for said moving the movable insert portion of the base forming assembly, the moveable insert portion moves to a second position above a bearing surface of the plastic container.

2. The method of claim 1,
wherein said moving moves the movable insert portion into the container base portion, and
wherein said moving the movable insert portion is performed while keeping fixed the base portion of the base forming assembly.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said moving the movable insert portion forms the container base portion.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein said moving the movable insert portion comprises: advancing a cylindrical member.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein said moving the movable insert portion comprises: advancing the movable insert portion in a direction along a longitudinal axis of the container body.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein said advancing the movable insert portion causes inversion of the second portion at the hinge portion.

7. The method of claim 2, wherein the movable insert portion has a ring configuration.

8. The method of claim 2, wherein the movable insert portion has a portion that is convex in shape and which extends upward toward the plastic container.

9. The method of claim 2, further comprising: hot-filling the plastic container with a commodity and allowing the commodity to cool.

10. The method of claim 2, wherein the hinge portion circumscribes the second portion of the container base portion.

11. The method of claim 2, wherein the movable insert portion includes a void, and said blowing the preform blows a portion of the preform into the void.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein said moving the movable insert portion moves the container base portion.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein only the second portion of the container base portion moves in response to said moving.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein, for said moving the movable insert portion of the base forming assembly, the movable insert portion moves from a first position above the bearing surface of the plastic container to the second position above the first position.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the base portion forms a ring around the movable insert portion in plan view.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein, after said moving the movable insert portion of the base forming assembly, an entirety of the container base portion is at or above a bearing surface of the plastic container.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein, for said blowing the container base portion, and prior to said moving the movable insert portion, a portion of the container base portion is below the bearing surface of the plastic container.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the portion of the container base portion below the bearing surface of the plastic container is less than the entire portion of the container base portion.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein the second portion is centrally located about a central longitudinal axis of the container, the second portion having a portion thereof that is always at a highest most position with respect to a plane running through the bearing surface of the plastic container, as compared to other portions of the container base portion.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein said moving the movable insert portion of the base forming assembly moves inward toward the inner volume of the container the second portion of the base portion of the container, the second portion being surrounded by the hinge portion.

21. The method of claim 1, wherein the base forming portion of the base forming assembly is arranged outside of the movable insert portion of the base forming assembly in overhead view.

22. A method of making a blow-molded plastic container having a base portion that supports the container, the method comprising:
disposing a preform in a mold having a base forming assembly to form a portion of the base portion of the container, the base forming assembly including a base forming portion and a movable insert portion that is movable relative to the base forming portion;
blowing the preform against the base forming assembly of the mold to form a container body having the base portion, the base portion including a thinned wall portion, a first portion disposed radially outward of the thinned wall portion, and a second portion disposed radially inward of the thinned wall portion, the thinned wall portion defining a hinge portion and having a wall thickness that is thinner than immediately surrounding portions on both sides thereof, the hinge portion being constructed and operative to facilitate movement of the second portion in a direction toward an inner volume of the container; and
moving the movable insert portion of the base forming assembly relative to the base forming portion of the base forming assembly while the base portion of the container remains in the mold so as to advance the movable insert portion in the direction toward the inner volume of the container,
wherein, for said moving the movable insert portion of the base forming assembly, the movable insert portion moves from a first position above a bearing surface of the plastic container to a second position above the first position.

23. A method of making a blow-molded plastic container having a base portion that supports the container, the method comprising:
disposing a preform in a mold having a base forming assembly to form a portion of the base portion of the container, the base forming assembly including a base forming portion and a movable insert portion that is movable relative to the base forming portion;
blowing the preform against the base forming assembly of the mold to form a container body having the base portion, the base portion including a thinned wall portion, a first portion disposed radially outward of the thinned wall portion, and a second portion disposed radially inward of the thinned wall portion, the thinned wall portion defining a hinge portion and having a wall thickness that is thinner than immediately surrounding portions on both sides thereof, the hinge portion being constructed and operative to facilitate movement of the second portion in a direction toward an inner volume of the container; and
moving the movable insert portion of the base forming assembly relative to the base forming portion of the base forming assembly while the base portion of the container remains in the mold so as to advance the movable insert portion in the direction toward the inner volume of the container,
wherein said advancing the movable insert portion causes inversion of the second portion at the hinge portion.

24. A method of making a blow-molded plastic container having a base portion that supports the container, the method comprising:
disposing a preform in a mold having a base forming assembly to form a portion of the base portion of the container, the base forming assembly including a base forming portion and a movable insert portion that is movable relative to the base forming portion;
blowing the preform against the base forming assembly of the mold to form a container body having the base portion, the base portion including a thinned wall portion, a first portion disposed radially outward of the thinned wall portion, and a second portion disposed radially inward of the thinned wall portion, the thinned wall portion defining a hinge portion and having a wall thickness that is thinner than immediately surrounding portions on both sides thereof, the hinge portion being constructed and operative to facilitate movement of the second portion in a direction toward an inner volume of the container; and
moving the movable insert portion of the base forming assembly relative to the base forming portion of the base forming assembly while the base portion of the container remains in the mold so as to advance the movable insert portion in the direction toward the inner volume of the container,
wherein the second portion is centrally located about a central longitudinal axis of the container, the second portion having a portion thereof that is always at a highest most position with respect to a plane running through a bearing surface of the plastic container, as compared to other portions of the container base portion.