U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection Research: Hilo, HI
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    Scientist Pages
                        Acebes-Doria, Angelita
                                    Cha, Dong
                                    Follett, Peter
                                    Johnson, Melissa
                                    Liang, Peishih
                                    Manoukis, Nicholas
                                    Siderhurst, Matthew
                                    Sun, XiuxiuSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Pacific West Area Hilo, Hawaii Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Vargas, Rogeritem
                                            LEBLANC, LUC - University Of Hawaiiitem
                                            HARRIS, ERNEST - Retired ARS Employeeitem
                                            Manoukis, Nicholas
  Submitted to: Insects
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 7/26/2012
                                    Publication  Date: 8/10/2012
                                    Citation: Vargas, R.I., Leblanc, L., Harris, E.J., Manoukis, N. 2012. Regional suppression of Bactrocera fruit flies (Diptera:Tephritidae) in the Pacific through biological control and prospects for future introductions into other areas of the world. Insects. 3(3):727-742. Available: doi:10.3390/insects3030727  Interpretive Summary: Fruit flies (Diptera:Tephritidae) are among the most economically important pests attacking soft fruits worldwide. The Bactrocera genus is particularly important and are well-documented invaders and rank high on quarantine lists worldwide with recent introductions into South America and Africa. The USDA-ARS Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center has been a world leader in promoting biological control of Bactrocera spp that includes classical, augmentative, conservation and IPM approaches. This paper reviews 1) past and recent biological control work in Hawaii and French Polynesia, particularly with respect to the Bactrocera species, 2) summarize the introductions throughout the region, 3) summarize successes and failures, 4) summarize rearing and release methods for future introductions, and 5) comment on prospects for future introductions into other parts of the world. Establishment of natural enemies of invasive tephritid fly pests may have significant and beneficial impacts in regards otherwise lacking in natural enemies. Previous results support introduction of natural enemies into South America and Africa, where Bactrocera species have recently become established.
                                Technical Abstract: Bactrocera fruit fly species are important economically throughout the Pacific. The USDA, ARS, U.S Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center has been a world wide leader in promoting biological control of Bactrocera spp that includes classical, augmentative, conservation and IPM approaches. In Hawaii, establishment of B. cucurbitae in 1995 resulted in introduction of the most successful parasitoid, Psyttalia fletcheri; similarly, establishment of B. dorsalis in 1945 resulted in introduction of 32 natural enemies of which Fopius arisanus, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata and F. vandenboschi were most successful. Hawaii has also been a source of parasitoids for fruit fly control throughout the Pacific region including Australia, Pacific Island Nations, Central and South America, not only for Bactrocera spp. but also for Ceratitis and Anstrepha species. Most recently, in 2002, F. arisanus was introduced into French Polynesia where B. dorsalis had invaded in 1996. Establishment of D. longicaudata into the new world has been important to augmentative biological control releases against Anastrepha spp. With rapid expansion of airline travel and global trade, there has been an alarming spread of Bactrocera spp, into new areas of the world (i.e. South America and Africa). Results of studies in Hawaii and more recently, French Polynesia, support parasitoid introductions into South America and Africa, where B. carambolae Drew and Hancock and B. invadens Drew, Tsuruta, and White, respectively, have become established. In addition, P. fletcheri (Silvestri) is a candidate for biological control of B. cucurbitae in Africa. We review past and more recent successes against Bactrocera spp. and related tephritids and outline simple rearing and release methods to facilitate this goal.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov