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Title:   Author  item
                                            GAUNTER, L. - Free University Of Berlinitem
                                            ZHANG, Y. - Free University Of Berlinitem
                                            JUNG, M. - Max Planck Institute For Biogeochemistryitem
                                            JOINER, J. - Goddard Space Flight Centeritem
                                            VOIGHT, M. - University Of Arizonaitem
                                            BERRY, J. - Free University Of Berlinitem
                                            FRANKENBERG, C. - Jet Propulsion Laboratoryitem
                                            HUETE, A. - University Of Technology Sydneyitem
                                            ZARCO-TREJADA, P. - Instituto De Agriculturaitem
                                            LEE, J.E. - Brown Universityitem
                                            Moran, Maryitem
                                            PONCE CAMPOS, G. - University Of Arizonaitem
                                            BEER, C. - Stockholm Universityitem
                                            CAMPS-VALL, G. - University Of Valenciaitem
                                            BUCHMANN, N. - Eth Zurichitem
                                            GIANELLE, D. - Research Centre For Forage Production & Dairy (CRA-FLC)item
                                            KLUMPP, K. - Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique (INRA)item
                                            CESCATTI, A. - Institute Of Biology And Agricultural Biotechnologyitem
                                            Baker, Johnitem
                                            GRIGGIS, T. - University Of Minnesota
  Submitted to: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 2/24/2014
                                    Publication  Date: 3/25/2014
                                    Citation: Gaunter, L., Zhang, Y., Jung, M., Joiner, J., Voight, M., Berry, J., Frankenberg, C., Huete, A., Zarco-Trejada, P., Lee, J., Moran, M.S., Ponce Campos, G., Beer, C., Camps-Vall, G., Buchmann, N., Gianelle, D., Klumpp, K., Cescatti, A., Baker, J.M., Griggis, T. 2014. Global and time-resolved monitoring of crop photosynthesis with chlorophyll fluorescence. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 111(14):E1327-E1333. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.132000811.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.132000811                                                              
                                Interpretive Summary: With increasing food demand, it is critical to know the status of global food supply.  A new satellite has just been launched to make worldwide measurements of cropland productivity.  Based on these measurements, we found that the US Western Corn Belt is producing at a rate 50–75% higher than previously predicted, and in fact, is the highest producing ecosystem on the planet. Our results contribute to the understanding of the global carbon cycle in general, and to food security in particular.
                                Technical Abstract: Global monitoring of agricultural productivity is critical in a world under a continuous increase of food demand. Here we have used new spaceborne retrievals of chlorophyll fluorescence, an emission quantity intrinsically linked to photosynthesis, to derive spatially explicit photosynthetic uptake rates of the crop belts worldwide. Our estimates of annual crop primary productivity are substantially higher (50–75%) than results from carbon cycle models in some large agricultural regions, such as the US Western Corn Belt, where we detect the highest fluorescence of all ecosystems on the planet. These findings are supported by an independent validation against yield statistics. Our results highlight the need for observational inputs to quantify photosynthetic activity, particularly over highly cultivated land, with implications on the global carbon cycle and food security.


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