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Title:   Author  item
                                            BOWMAN, MOLLY - Us Fish And Wildlife Serviceitem
                                            BOWKER, JIM - Us Fish And Wildlife Serviceitem
                                            CARTY, DANIEL - Us Fish And Wildlife Serviceitem
                                            Straus, David

                                                         - *Dave*item
                                            Farmer, Bradleyitem
                                            Mitchell, Andrewitem
                                            Ledbetter, Cynthia

                                                         - *Cindy*
  Submitted to: Aquatic Animal Drug Approval Partnership (AADAP)
                                    Publication Type: Other
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 2/1/2012
                                    Publication  Date: 2/17/2012
                                    Citation: Bowman, M.P., Bowker, J., Carty, D.G., Straus, D.L., Farmer, B.D., Mitchell, A.J., Ledbetter, C.K. 2012. The safety of 17a-methyltestosterone administered in feed to larval Nile tilapia. Aquatic Animal Drug Approval Partnership (AADAP). Drug Research Information Bulletin (DRIB) 28. 3 p.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract:  Techniques developed to control sexual differentiation in fishes have typically involved androgen or estrogen (i.e., steroid) treatment, which directs sexual differentiation toward males or females. Treatment regimens have included immersion of larval fish in water containing a steroid, incorporation of a steroid in the larval diet, or both. Gonadal differentiation in tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) occurs at 8-25 d post-hatch, and these fish begin to reproduce at 3-6 months of age. Such early reproduction is the primary impediment to their commercial production. To prevent reproduction from occurring, oral administration of the synthetic androgen 17a-methyltestosterone (17MT) to newly hatched tilapia (3-12 days old) for approximately 28 consecutive days produces populations of >90% males. We conducted a study to estimate a margin of safety associated with administering 17MT-treated feed to larval Nile tilapia O. niloticus at 0x, 1x, 3x, or 5x the proposed maximum efficacious dosage of 9 mg 17MT per kg fish body weight per day) for 28 consecutive days.  We concluded the margin of safety associated with administering 17MT-treated feed to larval Nile tilapia reared at a water temperature of approximately 28 degrees C extends to at least 3x the recommended dose.


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