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Title:   Author  item
                                            RAJAO, DANIELA - Non ARS Employeeitem
                                            Anderson, Tavisitem
                                            GAUGER, PHILLIP - Iowa State Universityitem
                                            Baker, Amy
  Submitted to: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
                                    Publication Type: Book / Chapter
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 2/11/2014
                                    Publication  Date: 7/18/2014
                                    Citation: Rajao, D.S., Anderson, T.K., Gauger, P.C., Vincent, A.L. 2014. Pathogenesis and vaccination of influenza A virus in swine. In: Compans, R.W., Oldstone, M.B.A., editors. Influenza Pathogenesis and Control, Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. p. 307-326.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Swine influenza is an acute respiratory disease of pigs that is characterized by fever followed by lethargy, anorexia, and serous nasal discharge. The disease progresses rapidly and may be complicated when associated with other respiratory pathogens. Influenza A virus (IAV) is one of the most prevalent respiratory pathogens of swine, resulting in substantial economic burden to pork producers. In the past 10-15 years, a dramatic evolution of the IAV in U. S. swine has occurred, resulting co-circulation of many antigenically distinct IAV strains, derived from thirteen phylogenetically distinct hemagglutinin clusters of H1 and H3 viruses. Vaccination is the most common strategy to prevent influenza in pigs, however the current diverse IAV epidemiology poses a challenge for the production of efficacious and protective vaccines. A concern regarding the use of traditional inactivated vaccines is the possibility of inducing vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD) when vaccine virus strains are mismatched with the infecting strain. In this review, we discuss the current epidemiology and pathogenesis of swine influenza in the United States, different vaccines platforms with potential to control influenza in pigs, and the factors associated with disease enhancement.


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