U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 close



Research
                Research Home
                            National Programs
                            Research Projects
                            Scientific Manuscripts
                            International Engagement
                            Scientific Software/Models
                            Databases and Datasets
                            Office of Scientific Quality Review
            Media
                News & Features
                            Multimedia
                            Briefing Room
                            Down on the Farm
                            Press Room
                            Science in Your Shopping Cart
                            Scientific Discoveries
                            Tellus
                            Under the Microscope
            About ARS
                About ARS Home
                            Staff Directory
                            Labs and Research Centers (Map)
                            Headquarter Offices
                            Organizational Chart
                            Employee Services (REE Employees Only)
                            Office of Outreach, Diversity, and Equal Opportunity
            Work With Us
                Work With Us Home
                            ARS Vacancies at USAJOBS
                            Careers at ARS Information
                            Scientific Collaborations
                            Extramural Agreements
                            1890 Faculty Research Sabbatical ProgramSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Vanraden, Paulitem
                                            Tooker, Melvin
  Submitted to: Journal of Dairy Science
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 3/5/2012
                                    Publication  Date: 6/28/2012
                                    Citation: Van Raden, P.M., Tooker, M.E. 2012. Methods to include foreign information in national evaluations. Journal of Dairy Science. (Suppl. 2):446–447(abstr. 449). 2012.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Genomic evaluations (GEBV) with higher reliability often result from including genotypes and phenotypes from foreign bulls in the reference population. Multi-step methods evaluate domestic phenotypes first using only pedigree relationships (EBV), then add foreign data available from multi-trait across country evaluations (MACE), then compute GEBV for genotyped animals, and finally propagate information from GEBV to EBV of non-genotyped relatives. An alternative is to include domestic and foreign phenotypes together so that GEBV and EBV for all animals can be computed in a single step. The MACE EBV could be treated as a correlated trait, but previous research indicates that including these as the same trait with their lower reliability REL is sufficient. To include foreign data, the bull’s deregressed proof (DRP) was obtained from the MACE EBV as: DRP = PA + (EBV – PA)/REL, where PA is the parent average from MACE. For bulls with both domestic and foreign daughters, domestic EBV was used instead of PA to compute DRP, and domestic daughter equivalents (DE) were subtracted from the total. Remaining DE were added to diagonals of the mixed model equations and were used to compute REL. This strategy included 1 extra record per bull and differed from previous methods that included 1 record for each foreign daughter. For multi-trait models, diagonal matrix D contained the DE for each trait of a bull. The vector of DRP was pre-multiplied by D^.5 T^-1 D^.5, where T is the genetic covariance matrix among traits, and D^.5 T^-1 D^.5 was added to the mixed model equations. A mean for the DRP was included in the model because the base is not fixed during iteration, only after convergence. The methods were tested using national Holstein data for 25 million cows, MACE data for 88,000 bulls, and a pedigree file of 52 million animals. For bulls with only foreign daughters, correlations between MACE EBV and national EBV after including the foreign data were 0.991 to 0.994 for yield traits, 0.986 for somatic cell score, 0.973 for single-trait productive life, and 0.974 for daughter pregnancy rate. This simple approach is reasonably accurate for including foreign data in national evaluations.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov