U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 close



Research
                Research Home
                            National Programs
                            Research Projects
                            Scientific Manuscripts
                            International Engagement
                            Scientific Software/Models
                            Databases and Datasets
                            Office of Scientific Quality Review
            Media
                News & Features
                            Multimedia
                            Briefing Room
                            Down on the Farm
                            Press Room
                            Science in Your Shopping Cart
                            Scientific Discoveries
                            Tellus
                            Under the Microscope
            About ARS
                About ARS Home
                            Staff Directory
                            Labs and Research Centers (Map)
                            Headquarter Offices
                            Organizational Chart
                            Employee Services (REE Employees Only)
                            Office of Outreach, Diversity, and Equal Opportunity
            Work With Us
                Work With Us Home
                            ARS Vacancies at USAJOBS
                            Careers at ARS Information
                            Scientific Collaborations
                            Extramural Agreements
                            1890 Faculty Research Sabbatical ProgramSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Northeast Area Geneva, New York Grape Genetics Research Unit (GGRU) Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            FRENKEL, OMER - Cornell Universityitem
                                            PORTILLO, IVAN - University Of Bolognaitem
                                            BREWER, MARIN - Cornell Universityitem
                                            PEROS, JEAN-PIERRE - Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique (INRA)item
                                            Cadle-Davidson, Lanceitem
                                            MILGROOM, MICHAEL - Cornell University
  Submitted to: Plant Pathology
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 4/30/2011
                                    Publication  Date: 1/15/2012
                                    Citation: Frenkel, O., Portillo, I., Brewer, M., Peros, J., Cadle Davidson, L.E., Milgroom, M. 2012. Development of microsatellite markers from the transcriptome of Erysiphe necator for analyzing population structure in North America and Europe. Plant Pathology. 61:106-119.Interpretive Summary: We sequenced the expressed genes of the grape powdery mildew fungus and identified a type of DNA marker called microsatellites.  We used these DNA markers to examine the genetic diversity in grape powdery mildew in North America and Europe.  We found that the greatest genetic diversity for the fungus is in the Eastern U.S., which is the pathogen’s center of origin.  The pathogen populations in the Northeastern and Southeastern U.S. are slightly different from one another.  There are two genetic groups of the pathogen in Europe, and we were able to find close relatives for one of the two in the U.S.  Isolates that infect muscadine grapes are genetically different from those that infect bunch grapes.  Our improved understanding of grape powdery mildew genetic diversity will help us improve grape disease management strategies.
                                Technical Abstract: We used transcriptome sequences of the grape powdery mildew fungus, Erysiphe necator, to develop microsatellite markers (EST-SSRs) to study its relatively unexplored population structure in its center of diversity in eastern North America. Screening the transcriptome sequences revealed 116 contigs with candidate microsatellites, from which we developed eleven polymorphic microsatellite markers from 31 markers tested. Two of the eleven markers did not produce consistent results in the US but were useful in differentiating European isolates into the well-documented genetic groups A and B. Using the remaining nine markers, we genotyped 129 isolates from different regions and hosts in eastern US and compared them to samples from southern France and Italy. One marker was hypervariable, with 19 alleles detected in the US, and was excluded from analyses. Genetic diversity in the eastern US was much greater than in Europe. Bayesian cluster analyses showed that nine isolates from North America had high affinities with, but differed from, European group A; no isolates with affinity to group B were found in the eastern US. Genetic differentiation was also detected between regions within the eastern US (southeast vs. northeast) and between isolates from V. rotundifolia and isolates from the other Vitis hosts. This research suggests that transcriptome sequencing of fungal pathogens is useful for developing genetic markers in protein-coding regions and highlights the potential role of these markers in future population biology studies of E. necator.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov