U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Virus and Prion Research: Ames, IA
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    CareersSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Midwest Area Ames, Iowa National Animal Disease Center Virus and Prion Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            RAJAO, D - Non ARS Employeeitem
                                            Baker, Amyitem
                                            Loving, Crystalitem
                                            SANDBULTE, M - Iowa State Universityitem
                                            Kitikoon, Pravina
  Submitted to: American Association of Swine Veterinarians Annual Meeting
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 9/3/2013
                                    Publication  Date: 3/1/2014
                                    Citation: Rajao, D., Vincent, A.L., Loving, C.L., Sandbulte, M., Kitikoon, P. 2014. Maternal derived antibodies induce vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease in weaned pigs challenged with heterologous virus. Proceedings of the 45th American Association of Swine Veterinarians Annual Meeting, p.41-47.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Effective vaccine immunization against influenza A viruses (IAV) in pigs in the United States is a challenge because of the great antigenic diversity of co-circulating viruses. Maternally derived antibodies (MDA) interfere with vaccine efficacy and can lead to vaccine-enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD) in pigs vaccinated in the presence of MDA. Our aim was to evaluate if MDA alone interferes with IAV infection, clinical disease, and transmission in weaned non-vaccinated piglets. Sows with existing antibodies to 2009 pandemic H1N1 (H1N1pdm09) were boosted with H1N1pdm09 whole inactivated (WIV) or live attenuated (LAIV) vaccine. At three weeks of age, MDA-positive piglets were challenged with homologous H1N1pdm09 or heterologous delta1-H1N2 virus, along with MDA-negative controls. WIV-MDA piglets with high antibody titers were protected from homologous infection with H1N1pdm09 and did not transmit to contact pigs. LAIV-MDA piglets with high antibody titers were partially protected from homologous challenge with H1N1pdm09, but they transmitted virus to all their indirect contacts. However, this group had less virus shedding than the naïve infected controls. The major finding of this study was that piglets with WIV-derived MDA and challenged with delta1-H1N2 developed VAERD, with more pronounced lung lesions and clinical signs. Two piglets in this group died at 2 days post infection from severe VAERD and respiratory complications. LAIV-derived MDA did not cross-protect piglets against heterologous challenge with delta-H1N2, however it did not result in VAERD. All pigs in indirect contact with the delta1-H1N2 challenged groups were infected, indicating that mismatched MDA does not mitigate viral shedding and transmission. Our data supports that although homologous vaccine-derived MDA can protect piglets against disease, and to some extent against infection, MDA alone can induce VAERD upon heterologous infection.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov