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Title:   Author  item
                                            Zhu, Hepingitem
                                            CHEN, YU - The Ohio State Universityitem
                                            LU, HUI - The Ohio State Universityitem
                                            SHEN, YUE - The Ohio State Universityitem
                                            Jeon, Hongyoungitem
                                            GU, JIABING - Nanjing Agricultural Universityitem
                                            0ZKAN, ERDAL - The Ohio State Universityitem
                                            Derksen, Richarditem
                                            Reding, Michael

                                                         - *Mike*item
                                            Ranger, Christopheritem
                                            CANAS, LUIS - The Ohio State Universityitem
                                            Krause, Charlesitem
                                            Locke, Jamesitem
                                            ERNST, STAN - The Ohio State Universityitem
                                            ZONDAG, RANDY - The Ohio State Universityitem
                                            FULCHER, AMY - University Of Tennesseeitem
                                            ROSETTA, ROBIN - Oregon State University
  Submitted to: Workshop Proceedings
                                    Publication Type: Proceedings
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 8/20/2013
                                    Publication  Date: 9/10/2013
                                    Citation: Zhu, H., Chen, Y., Lu, H., Shen, Y., Jeon, H., Gu, J., 0zkan, E., Derksen, R.C., Reding, M.E., Ranger, C.M., Canas, L., Krause, C.R., Locke, J.C., Ernst, S., Zondag, R., Fulcher, A., Rosetta, R. 2013. Development of variable-rate precision spraying systems for tree crop production. Workshop Proceedings. 12th Workshop on Spray Application Techniques in Fruit Growing (Suprofruit 2013), June 26-28, 2013, Valencia, Spain. p. 123-125.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Excessive pesticides are often applied to target and non-target areas in orchards and nurseries, resulting in greater production costs, worker exposure to unnecessary pesticide risks, and adverse contamination of the environment. To improve spray application efficiency, two types of variable-rate precision sprayers were developed for tree crop applications. The first sprayer was a hydraulic vertical boom spraying system which was proposed to spray relatively small narrow trees such as liners, and the second sprayer was an air-assisted spraying system which was proposed to spray wide varieties of nursery and fruit tree crops. Field test results demonstrated that the newly developed sprayers have great potential to bring great reductions in pesticide use for tree crop productions. Compared to conventional constant-rate sprayers, the new variable-rate sprayers greatly reduced variations in spray deposition due to changes in tree growth, increased consistence of spray deposition uniformity inside canopies at different growth stages, minimized off-target losses, and reduced pesticide use.


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