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ARS Home Midwest Area Ames, Iowa National Laboratory for Agriculture and The Environment Soil, Water & Air Resources Research Research Publications at this Location





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Title:   Author  item
                                            Karlen, Douglasitem
                                            BIRRELL, STUART - Iowa State Universityitem
                                            Johnson, Janeitem
                                            Osborne, Shannonitem
                                            SCHUMACHER, THOMAS - South Dakota State Universityitem
                                            Varvel, Garyitem
                                            FERGUSON, RICHARD - University Of Nebraskaitem
                                            Novak, Jeffreyitem
                                            FREDRICK, JAMES - Clemson Universityitem
                                            Baker, Johnitem
                                            LAMB, JOHN - University Of Minnesotaitem
                                            Adler, Paulitem
                                            ROTH, GREG - Pennsylvania State Universityitem
                                            NAFZIGER, EMERSON - University Of Illinois
  Submitted to: Meeting Proceedings
                                    Publication Type: Proceedings
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 10/2/2012
                                    Publication  Date: 1/15/2013
                                    Citation: Karlen, D.L., Birrell, S.J., Johnson, J.M., Osborne, S.L., Schumacher, T.E., Varvel, G.E., Ferguson, R.B., Novak, J.M., Fredrick, J.R., Baker, J.M., Lamb, J.A., Adler, P.R., Roth, G., Nafziger, E.D. 2013. Corn grain, stover yield and nutrient removal validations at regional partnership sites. Proceedings of the Sun Grant National Conference, October 2-5, 2012, New Orleans, LA. Available: http://sungrant.tennessee.edu/NatConference/ConferenceProceedings/.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Corn (Zea mays, L.) stover has been identified as a major feedstock for cellulosic bioenergy. This report summarizes grain and stover yield as well as N, P, and K removal at several Sun Grant Regional Partnership (SGRP) sites. National Agricultural Statistical Service (NASS) grain yields were used to assess the relevancy of plot-scale yields with county averages. Seasonal variation in weather patterns caused yields to differ substantially among sites and years. Nutrient removal estimates were significantly influenced by the sampling method (i.e. analysis of hand samples between physiologic maturity and grain harvest versus stover collected during the harvest operation). Based on ancillary studies that indicate corn stover should not be harvested if average grain yields are less than 175 bu ac-1 (11 Mg ha-1), these studies show that non-irrigated SGRP sites with the highest potential for sustainable corn stover harvest were located between -91o and -93o west longitude. The more eastern (-78o w longitude) and western (-96o w longitude) sites did not have sufficient yield for sustainable routine stover harvest, although with good management, corn could still be part of an overall landscape approach for sustainable feedstock production in those areas. For producers with consistently high yields (i.e. > 200 bu ac-1) and where residue management may actually be a major problem (e.g. in irrigated areas), moderate stover harvest may actually decrease fuel use and save additional energy by reducing the amount of tillage needed to prepare subsequent seedbeds. Less intensive tillage could also preserve rhizosphere carbon and/or soil structure benefits often attributed to no-till systems.


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