U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research: Peoria, IL
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    NCAUR homepageSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Midwest Area Peoria, Illinois National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications
- MPM Home Page
- Mission Statement
- Strategic Goals
- Major Accomplishments
- Visiting Scientists

Title:   Author  item
                                            BIN-UMER, MOHAMED - Rutgers Universityitem
                                            MCLAUGHLIN, JOHN - Rutgers Universityitem
                                            BASU, DEBALEENA - Rutgers Universityitem
                                            McCormick, Susanitem
                                            TUMER, NILGUN - Rutgers University
  Submitted to: National Fusarium Head Blight Forum
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 12/6/2011
                                    Publication  Date: 12/6/2011
                                    Citation: Bin-Umer, M.A., Mclaughlin, J., Basu, D., Mccormick, S.P., Tumer, N.E. 2011. Trichothecene mycotoxins inhibit mitochondrial translation- Implication for FHB resistance. National Fusarium Head Blight Forum Proceedings. Session3,p.81.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Trichothecenes are foodborne toxins produced by various fungi including the plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum, which causes head blight (FHB) or scab of wheat and barley, resulting in yield reduction and contamination of grains with trichothecene mycotoxins. Conventional approaches have not yet yielded effective resistance in the field.  Identifying molecular mechanisms underlying trichothecene toxicity will therefore aid in understanding Fusarium pathology and engineering effective resistance against FHB. Trichothecenes first identified as inhibitors of translation are known to have multiple effects on eukaryotes, including inhibition of DNA, RNA synthesis, cell division, membrane structure and integrity and mitochondrial function. It is not clear if these are primary or secondary effects of inhibition of cytosolic translation. We previously showed that mitochondria play a critical role in the toxicity of a type B trichothecene, trichothecin. In this study, we investigated the direct effects of type A and type B trichothecenes on mitochondrial translation and membrane integrity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Sensitivity to trichothecenes increased when yeast cells required functional mitochondria for growth, while cells devoid of mitochondria ('0) showed increased tolerance. T-2, DAS and Tcin inhibited translation in isolated yeast mitochondria by 67% (T-2), 54% (DAS) and 70% (Tcin). Trichothecenes caused fragmentation of mitochondrial membrane when yeast cells were treated for 6 h with high doses at which total translation was inhibited by 44% (T-2), 33% (DAS) and 91% (Tcin). A corresponding drop in mitochondrial membrane fragmentation ('mito) and ROS levels was also observed. Trichothecenes, at low doses, did not promote severe membrane fragmentation or affect mitochondrial membrane integrity. Mitochondrial translation was significantly inhibited by 48% (T-2), 42% (DAS), and 34% (Tcin) at the low doses, but not total translation. These results indicate that trichothecenes directly target mitochondrial translation.  Inhibition of mitochondrial translation is a primary target of trichothecenes and is not secondary to the disruption of mitochondrial membranes or cytosolic translation inhibition.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov