U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 close



Research
                Research Home
                            National Programs
                            Research Projects
                            Scientific Manuscripts
                            International Engagement
                            Scientific Software/Models
                            Databases and Datasets
                            Office of Scientific Quality Review
            Media
                News & Features
                            Multimedia
                            Briefing Room
                            Down on the Farm
                            Press Room
                            Science in Your Shopping Cart
                            Scientific Discoveries
                            Tellus
                            Under the Microscope
            About ARS
                About ARS Home
                            Staff Directory
                            Labs and Research Centers (Map)
                            Headquarter Offices
                            Organizational Chart
                            Employee Services (REE Employees Only)
                            Office of Outreach, Diversity, and Equal Opportunity
            Work With Us
                Work With Us Home
                            ARS Vacancies at USAJOBS
                            Careers at ARS Information
                            Scientific Collaborations
                            Extramural Agreements
                            1890 Faculty Research Sabbatical ProgramSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Northeast Area Beltsville, Maryland (BHNRC) Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center Food Components and Health Laboratory Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Baer, David
  Submitted to: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 12/12/2011
                                    Publication  Date: 2/1/2012
                                    Citation: Baer, D.J. 2012. What do we really know about the health effects of natural sources of trans fatty acids? American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 95:267-268.Interpretive Summary: N/A
                                Technical Abstract: While the food industry remains actively engaged in the development of alternatives for partially hydrogenated vegetable oils in order to reduce intake of trans fatty acids, intake of these fatty acids from natural sources remains as a small part of our diet.   The question remains, are there differences in the health effects between the trans fatty acids derived from partially hydrogenated vegetable oils and those naturally produced by ruminant animals, and if so, do the differences matter?  Studies of vaccenic acid or dairy fats enriched in vaccenic acid and other trans fatty acids show no effect on LDL cholesterol concentration or show an increase in LDL cholesterol concentration at higher intakes of vaccenic acid.  Effect of these treatments on HDL cholesterol concentration is inconsistent, with some studies showing an increase, some showing a decrease, and some showing no effect.  To date, few women have been included in intervention studies (about 11% of those studied are women), and since there is some suggestion that men and women may respond differently there may be a gender bias in the literature.  Recently, a new intervention study of women using enriched vaccenic acid butter as a dietary sources of ruminant trans fatty acids has been conducted. In this well-controlled feeding study, there was no effect of vaccenic acid on LDL cholesterol concentration.  However, there was a significant 5.2% decrease in HDL cholesterol in women with a BMI = 25 kg/m2 but not a significant effect among women with a BMI < 25 kg/m2.  It is still difficult to draw definitive conclusions about the role of rTFA in modulating risk for cardiovascular disease as mediated through changes in LDL and HDL cholesterol.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov