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Title:   Author  item
                                            CLARKE, T - University Of East Angliaitem
                                            EDWARDS, M - University Of East Angliaitem
                                            GATES, A - University Of East Angliaitem
                                            HALL, A - University Of East Angliaitem
                                            WHITE, GAYE - University Of East Angliaitem
                                            BRADLEY, J - University Of East Angliaitem
                                            Reardon, Catherine

                                                         - *Kate*item
                                            SHI, L - Pacific Northwest National Laboratoryitem
                                            BELIAEV, A - Pacific Northwest National Laboratoryitem
                                            MARSHALL, M - Pacific Northwest National Laboratoryitem
                                            WANG, Z - Pacific Northwest National Laboratoryitem
                                            WATMOUGH, N - University Of East Angliaitem
                                            FREDRICKSON, J - Pacific Northwest National Laboratoryitem
                                            ZACHARA, J - Pacific Northwest National Laboratoryitem
                                            BUTT, J - University Of East Angliaitem
                                            RICHARDSON, D - University Of East Anglia
  Submitted to: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 4/21/2011
                                    Publication  Date: 5/23/2011
                                    Citation: Clarke, T., Edwards, M., Gates, A., Hall, A., White, G.F., Bradley, J., Reardon, C.L., Shi, L., Beliaev, A.S., Marshall, M.J., Wang, Z., Watmough, N.J., Fredrickson, J.K., Zachara, J.M., Butt, J.N., Richardson, D.J. 2011. Structure of a bacterial cell surface decaheme electron conduit. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 108:9384-8389.Interpretive Summary: Some bacterial species are able to respire solid phase metals the exact mechanisms for this are not yet fully understood.  Cyctochromes, electron transport proteins, located on the outer surface of bacterial cells are able to mediate electron transport to extracellular mineral substrates.  This work is the first to present the structure of a decaheme cytochrome (MtrF) from the organisms Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, which is currently a model organism of study for metal reduction.
                                Technical Abstract: Some bacterial species are able to utilize extracellular mineral forms of iron and manganese as respiratory electron acceptors. In Shewanella oneidensis this involves decaheme cytochromes that are located on the bacterial cell surface at the termini of trans-outer-membrane electron transfer conduits. The cell surface cytochromes can potentially play multiple roles in mediating electron transfer directly to insoluble electron sinks, catalyzing electron exchange with flavin electron shuttles or participating in extracellular intercytochrome electron exchange along “nanowire” appendages. We present a 3.2-Å crystal structure of one of these decaheme cytochromes, MtrF, that allows the spatial organization of the 10 hemes to be visualized for the first time. The hemes are organized across four domains in a unique crossed conformation, in which a staggered 65-Å octaheme chain transects the length of the protein and is bisected by a planar 45-Å tetraheme chain that connects two extended Greek key split ß-barrel domains. The structure provides molecular insight into how reduction of insoluble substrate (e.g., minerals), soluble substrates (e.g., flavins), and cytochrome redox partners might be possible in tandem at different termini of a trifurcated electron transport chain on the cell surface.


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