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Title:   Author  item
                                            ANYAMBA, ASSAF - Goddard Space Flight Centeritem
                                            Linthicum, Kenneth

                                                         - *Ken*item
                                            SMALL, JENNIFER - Goddard Space Flight Centeritem
                                            Gibson, Sethitem
                                            PAK, EDWIN - Goddard Space Flight Centeritem
                                            DE LA ROCQUE, STEPHANE - Food & Agriculture Organization (FAO)item
                                            FORMENTY, PIERRE - World Health Organization (WHO) - Switzerlanditem
                                            HIGHTOWER, ALLEN - Centers For Disease Control - Kenyaitem
                                            BREIMAN, ROBERT - Centers For Disease Control - Kenyaitem
                                            CHRETIEN, JEAN-PAUL - Walter Reed Army Instituteitem
                                            TUCKER, COMPTON - Goddard Space Flight Centeritem
                                            SCHNABEL, DAVID - Us Army Medical Research Instituteitem
                                            SANG, ROSEMARY - Youngstown Air Research Stationitem
                                            HAAGSMA, KARL - Youngstown Air Research Stationitem
                                            LATHAM, MARK - Manatee County Floridaitem
                                            LEWANDOWSKI, HENRY - Chatham County Georgiaitem
                                            OSMAN MAGDI, SALIH - Ministry Of Health - Sudanitem
                                            MOHAMED, MOHAMED ALLY - Ministry Of Health And Social Welfareitem
                                            NGUKU, PATRICK - Kenya Medical Research Instituteitem
                                            REYNES, JEAN-MARC - Pasteur Institute Of Madagascaritem
                                            SWANEPOEL, ROBERT - National Institute For Communicable Diseases (NICD)
  Submitted to: American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 4/1/2010
                                    Publication  Date: 8/1/2010
                                    Citation: Anyamba, A., Linthicum, K., Small, J., Britch, S.C., Pak, E., De La Rocque, S., Formenty, P., Hightower, A.W., Breiman, R., Chretien, J., Tucker, C.J., Schnabel, D., Sang, R., Haagsma, K., Latham, M., Lewandowski, H.B., Osman Magdi, S., Mohamed, M., Nguku, P.M., Reynes, J., Swanepoel, R. 2010. Prediction, Assessment of the Rift Valley fever Activity in East and Southern Africa 2006 - 2008 and Possible Vector Control Strategies. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 83(2):43-51.Interpretive Summary: Rift Valley fever is a severe disease of domestic animals and humans in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, and it poses a threat to other places in the world, including North America.  Global and regional climate conditions, detected by earth-orbiting satellites, were used to predict three Rift Valley fever outbreaks in Africa from 2006-2008. These predictions formed the basis for national and international disease response efforts.
                                Technical Abstract: Historical outbreaks of Rift Valley fever (RVF) since the early 1950s have been associated with cyclical patterns of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon which results in elevated and widespread rainfall over the RVF endemic areas of Africa.  Using satellite measurements of global and regional elevated sea surface temperatures, elevated rainfall and satellite derived-normalized difference vegetation index data, we predicted with lead times of 2-4 months areas where outbreaks of RVF in humans and animals were expected and occurred in the Horn of Africa, Sudan and Southern Africa at different time periods from September 2006 to March 2008.  Predictions were confirmed by entomological field investigations of virus activity and by reported cases of RVF in human and livestock populations.  This represents the first series of prospective predictions of RVF outbreaks and provides a baseline for improved early warning, control, response planning and mitigation into the future.


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