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ARS Home Northeast Area Geneva, New York Grape Genetics Research Unit (GGRU) Research Publications at this Location





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Title:   Author  item
                                            FEECHAN, ANGELA - Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)item
                                            ANDERSON, CLAIRE - Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)item
                                            TORREGROSA, LAURENT - Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique (INRA)item
                                            JERMAKOW, ANGELICA - Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)item
                                            MESTRE, PERE - Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique (INRA)item
                                            WIEDEMANN-MERDINOGLU, SABINE - Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique (INRA)item
                                            MERDINOGLU, DIDIER - Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique (INRA)item
                                            WALKER, AMANDA - Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)item
                                            Cadle-Davidson, Lanceitem
                                            REISCH, BRUCE - Cornell Universityitem
                                            AUBOURG, SEBASTIEN - Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique (INRA)item
                                            BENTAHAR, NADIA - Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique (INRA)item
                                            SHRESTHA, BIPNA - Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique (INRA)item
                                            BOUQUET, ALAIN - Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique (INRA)item
                                            ADAM-BLONDON, ANNE-FRANCOISE - Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique (INRA)item
                                            THOMAS, MARK - Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)item
                                            DRY, IAN - Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)
  Submitted to: Plant Journal
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 9/2/2013
                                    Publication  Date: 10/17/2013
                                    Citation: Feechan, A., Anderson, C., Torregrosa, L., Jermakow, A., Mestre, P., Wiedemann-Merdinoglu, S., Merdinoglu, D., Walker, A., Cadle Davidson, L.E., Reisch, B., Aubourg, S., Bentahar, N., Shrestha, B., Bouquet, A., Adam-Blondon, A., Thomas, M., Dry, I. 2013. Genetic modification of European winegrapes with genes from an American wild relative confers resistance to the major diseases powdery and downy mildew. Plant Journal. 76, 661-674.Interpretive Summary: The two most economically important diseases of grapevine cultivation worldwide are powdery mildew and downy mildew.  These pathogens are from North America, were introduced into Europe in the 1800s, and have subsequently spread to all major grape producing regions of the world. Grape growers continue to plant traditional susceptible varieties and now rely heavily on the use of agrochemicals to minimize the potentially devastating impact of these pathogens on grape yield and quality. Wild North American muscadine grapevines coevolved with powdery and downy mildew and were recognized as early as 1889 to be resistant to both pathogens. Continuing a genetic study initiated in 1919, we identified two closely related genes at a single location in the muscadine grape genome.  Following genetic transformation into susceptible V. vinifera winegrape cultivars, these genes provide strong resistance against powdery and downy mildew.  This knowledge supports the development of reduced-spray varieties using either traditional breeding or transgenic approaches, providing a new solution for disease control without the intensive application of agrochemicals.
                                Technical Abstract: The two most economically important diseases of grapevine cultivation worldwide are caused by the fungal pathogen powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator syn. Uncinula necator) and the oomycete, downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola).  These pathogens, endemic to North America, were introduced into Europe in the 1800s and have subsequently spread to all major grape producing regions of the world1, 2. Grape growers continue to plant traditional susceptible varieties and now rely heavily on the use of agrochemicals to minimize the potentially devastating impact of these pathogens on grape yield and quality. The wild North American grapevine species Muscadinia rotundifolia coevolved with powdery and downy mildew and was recognized as early as 1889 to be resistant to both pathogens3. Continuing a genetic study initiated in 1919, we now demonstrate that two closely related genes designated resistance to Uncinula necator (RUN1) and resistance to Plasmopara viticola (RPV1) from a single M. rotundifolia locus, confer strong resistance to these pathogens following genetic transformation into susceptible V. vinifera winegrape cultivars. The generation of premium winegrape cultivars with powdery and downy mildew resistance provides the global winegrape industry with a genetic modification solution for disease control without the intensive application of agrochemicals.


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