U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Virus and Prion Research: Ames, IA
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    CareersSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Midwest Area Ames, Iowa National Animal Disease Center Virus and Prion Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Loving, Crystalitem
                                            Baker, Amyitem
                                            Brockmeier, Susanitem
                                            Henningson, Jamieitem
                                            Braucher, Douglasitem
                                            DE SOUZA RAJAO, DANIELA - Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais
  Submitted to: Autumn Immunology Conference Proceedings
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 9/19/2011
                                    Publication  Date: 11/18/2011
                                    Citation: Loving, C.L., Vincent, A.L., Brockmeier, S.L., Henningson, J.N., Braucher, D.R., De Souza Rajao, D. 2011. Host response to secondary bacterial infection associated with antecedent influenza virus infection in pigs - exacerbation associated with vaccination [abstract]. Autumn Immunology Conference. Poster No. 140.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: The increasing number of annual influenza (IAV) cases, coupled with the recent IAV pandemic, has amplified concerns about its impact on human and animal health. It is appreciated that Flu is complicated by bacterial pneumonia. Vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD) can occur following IAV vaccine/challenge mismatch in pigs, and may explain increased disease severity observed in vaccinated people during the 2009 pandemic. Using a working VAERD model in conjunction with secondary bacterial (bacT) challenge, we evaluated implications of VAERD and bacterial pneumonia. Pigs were challenged with pH1N1 IAV and one day later with a bacT cocktail of Haemophilus, Streptococcus and Actinobacillus. A subset of IAV challenged pigs was vaccinated with a killed-adjuvanted whole-influenza virus vaccine (H1N2). Disease was more severe in coinfected (IAV/bacT) pigs, regardless of vaccination, through day 5 post-IAV challenge. However, IL-1b, IL-6, TNFa, IFNg, IL-10 and IL-2 were significantly increased in the lungs of VAERD/bacT pigs. Pathogen load cannot explain observed differences, but instead, VAERD likely predisposes to exacerbated responses to bacT through aberrant recruitment and activation of cells.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov