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Title:   Author  item
                                            Schemerhorn, Brandiitem
                                            Crane, Yan Maitem
                                            Crane, Charles
  Submitted to: Journal of Insect Science
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 4/10/2014
                                    Publication  Date: N/A
                                    Citation: N/AInterpretive Summary: Genetic markers were used to determine if the use of the term ‘biotype’ still holds valid nomenclature when dealing with Hessian fly populations.  The results of this study indicate that the laboratory cultures considered as the traditionally identified biotypes are relatively low in genetic diversity in some areas indicating that they would be ideal for genetic testing, but not for assessment of population based issues, and screening for durability of wheat germplasm.
                                Technical Abstract: Eighteen microsatellite loci and 22 SNPs were used to assess the validity of the biotype designation in Hessian fly populations.  Using these markers, we were able to discern between laboratory populations, but we were also able to ascertain their geographic origin.  The differences between the biotype populations were directly related to their original collections sites and bottlenecks created by the establishment of the biotype cultures.  This study has revealed that the current biotype standards are well suited for genetic testing based on their high inbreeding coefficients but as a hallmark for population based research is not recommended.


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