[Federal Register Volume 61, Number 89 (Tuesday, May 7, 1996)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 20497-20502]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 96-11113]



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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

49 CFR Parts 564 and 571

[Docket No. 95-47; Notice 2]
RIN 2127-AF65


Replaceable Light Source Information; Federal Motor Vehicle 
Safety Standards Lamps, Reflective Devices, and Associated Equipment

AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), DOT.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: This document amends the Federal motor vehicle safety standard 
on lighting to allow high intensity discharge (HID) light sources to be 
used in replaceable bulb headlamp systems, in addition to their 
presently allowed use in integral beam headlamp systems. Adoption of 
this amendment requires corresponding amendments to part 564, the 
regulation under which Docket No. 93-11 was established as a depository 
for replaceable light source information. However, if the life of the 
light source approaches that of the vehicle, as is the case with HIDs, 
interchangeability will no longer be so important. Therefore, NHTSA is 
adding Appendix B to part 564 which allows a manufacturer to submit 
fewer items of dimensional information if it can demonstrate that the 
rated laboratory life of its light source is not less than 2,000 hours.

DATES: Effective Date: The amendments to the Code of Federal 
Regulations, and the requirements of the amendments, are effective June 
6, 1996.
    Petition Date: Petitions for reconsideration must be received not 
later than June 21, 1996.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kenneth O. Hardie, Office of 
Rulemaking (202-366-6987).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: On June 19, 1995, NHTSA published a notice 
in the Federal Register to initiate rulemaking that would amend 
Standard No. 108 so as to allow replaceable bulb headlamps to 
incorporate short arc discharge light sources (60 FR 31939).
    As NHTSA noted in the NPRM, short arc discharge headlamp systems 
are commonly referred to as ``high intensity discharge'' (HID) systems. 
Presently, the only HID application in production for lamps covered by 
Standard No. 108 is in headlamps, and the only way HID headlamps can be 
used under Standard No. 108 is in an ``integral beam headlighting 
system'' (Section S7.4). Thus, today, HID headlamps are comprised of a 
headlamp body (including reflector and lens), a small transparent 
envelope containing a specific mixture of gases under high pressure 
(the discharge bulb), and an electronic ballast to convert low voltage 
direct current to a controlled output high voltage direct or 
alternating current to drive the discharge bulb.
    However, by definition (S4), an integral beam headlamp (including 
those with HID light sources) is one with an ``integral and indivisible 
optical assembly'', and a headlamp that is ``not a replaceable bulb 
headlamp * * *.'' In the event of damage to one component, such as the 
lens, the entire unit, ballast and all, must be replaced. The cost to 
replace an integral beam HID headlamp is substantially higher than the 
cost of replacing a more conventional headlamp. The initial HID 
headlamp permitted (as a result of NHTSA-initiated amendments to 
Standard No. 108 to facilitate their introduction) was an integral-type 
design. At the time, it was unknown how to define HID sources as 
replaceable bulb light sources. The agency is now furthering HID 
headlamp technology by defining HID's as ``replaceable light sources'', 
so that headlamp components may be individually replaced. This 
amendment to Standard No. 108 means that a vehicle manufacturer wishing 
to offer HID headlamps now has a choice between two types, integral and 
replaceable light source.
    Comments in support of the NPRM were received from the American 
Automobile Manufacturers Association (AAMA), Ford Motor Co., Hella, 
Inc., Koito Manufacturing Co. Ltd., OSRAM Sylvania, Inc. (OSI), and 
Stanley Electronic Co., Inc. Comments opposing the proposal were 
received from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) and 
Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety (Advocates).

Proposed Amendments to Standard No. 108

    S4  Definitions. NHTSA proposed to add a definition of ``filament'' 
to read:

    Filament means that part of the light source or light emitting 
element(s), such as a resistive element, the excited portion of a 
specific mixture of gases under pressure, or any part of other 
energy conversion sources, that generates radiant energy which can 
be seen.

No comments were received on this issue and the proposed definition is 
adopted.
    Paragraph S7.7(i). The NPRM proposed amendments to paragraph 
S7.7(i). Under the final rule published on November 28, 1995 (60 FR 
58522), transferring HB type light sources to part 564, paragraph 
S7.7(i) became paragraph S7.7(b). Under the final rule published today, 
paragraph S7.7(b) becomes S7.7(d). The following summary of the 
proposal adopts the nomenclature of the final rule, which does not 
significantly differ from the proposal.
    Paragraph S7.7(d) discusses the procedures for measuring maximum 
power and luminous flux. This is followed by two new subparagraphs, the 
first of which, S7.7(d)(1), applies specifically to seasoning 
requirements for light sources with resistive element type filaments 
and luminous flux measurement requirements for HB Type bulbs. The 
second, S7.7(d)(2), applies to seasoning requirements for light sources 
using excited gas mixtures as filaments or discharge arcs and 
associated luminous flux measurement. As for seasoning of light sources 
using other energy conversion sources, NHTSA will address this issue 
when industry has identified such sources.
    OSI recommended that the seasoning for resistive and excited-gas 
light sources (including ballasts) should be one percent of rated life, 
as set forth in SAE Recommended Practice J2009 FEB93 Discharge Forward 
Lighting Systems (hereafter ``SAE J2009''). Ford also recommended that 
seasoning for excited gas light sources (including ballast) be in 
accordance with SAE J2009. Additionally, Ford recommended that 
seasoning for resistive element type filaments be in accordance with 
SAE J1383 APR85. NHTSA notes that its proposed amendments affecting 
``seasoning'' are consistent with the OSI and Ford recommendations.
    Ford found proposed paragraph S7.7(i) confusing and it suggested 
changes which it felt would clarify NHTSA's intent. NHTSA concurs, and 
has rewritten the provision as S7.7(b) (In addition to recommending 
specific

[[Page 20498]]

requirements for the measurement of luminous flux for a light source 
with a resistive element type filament, Ford did not object to the 
NHTSA proposal to specifically cite seasoning requirements for light 
sources using an excited gas mixture).
    Regarding proposed paragraph S7.7(l)(7) which would require the 
date of manufacture to be placed on the light source, Ford asked that 
it not be adopted as it provides no safety benefit and because Standard 
No. 108 does not require date of manufacture marking for any other 
lamps or lighting equipment. NHTSA concurs, and the proposal is not 
adopted.
    Readers should note that proposed new paragraph S7.7(l) is adopted 
as paragraph S7.7(e). New section S7.7(f) is added to state that, for 
light sources that use light generated by gaseous discharge lighting 
sources, seasoning shall be in accordance with section 4.0, and the 
``rated laboratory life'' shall be determined in accordance with 
sections 4.3 and 4.9 of SAE J2009.
    S8  Tests and Procedures for Integral Beam and Replaceable Bulb 
Headlighting Systems. In the NPRM, NHTSA proposed adding ``specific gas 
mixture'' type light sources in the tests specified in S8 to replace 
``non-filament type.'' There was no objection and S8 is amended as 
proposed.
    Other Issues Associated with Short Arc Discharge Lighting Systems. 
The only regulatory requirement that NHTSA proposed that addressed the 
issue of electrical shock was the marking of the ballast with an 
appropriate warning. Stanley recommended the adoption of a universally 
agreed upon marking system such as specified by the International 
Standards Organization (ISO). However, NHTSA wishes to allow 
manufacturers wide latitude in choosing their warnings regarding 
electrical shock and has not followed Stanley's suggestion in the final 
rule.

Proposed Amendments to Part 564

    General. Ford would replace all references to ``filament'' with 
``filament or discharge arc.'' NHTSA agrees, and this has been done 
when the text could specifically refer to either. Also as indicated 
previously, the definition of ``filament'' that was proposed to be 
added to Standard No. 108, and it applies to part 564 by virtue of 
Section 564.4 which incorporates definitions used in other NHTSA 
regulations.
    Section 564.2  Purpose. Ford recommended that this section not be 
revised because both Appendix A and Appendix B have a common purpose; 
``they merely accomplish it by requiring varying degrees of information 
detail dependent upon the rated laboratory life of the light source.'' 
NHTSA disagrees; the intended purposes of Appendix A and Appendix B are 
different. One purpose of the former is to assure that replacement 
light sources are available and interchangeable. This is not a purpose 
of Appendix B because long-life light sources need not be manufactured 
for interchangeability purposes by many different aftermarket 
suppliers. Because light sources with specifications filed under 
Appendix B are expected to last the life of the vehicle, component 
replacement would be necessitated primarily by damage. Thus it is 
unlikely that the low demand for replacement components would be met by 
other than manufacturers of the original equipment devices. This 
distinction from Appendix A requires two different statements of 
regulatory purposes in section 564.2.
    Finally, Appendix B allows manufacturers to retain ballast design 
parameters that may include proprietary manufacturing specifications, 
whereas Appendix A requires disclosure of such aspects as they relate 
to interchangeability.
    Paragraph 564.5(a). Under the proposal, relevant manufacturers must 
``furnish the information specified in appendix A or appendix B.'' Ford 
suggested that this implied that manufacturers could file under either 
Appendix when filing under Appendix B is allowable only for long-life 
light sources. NHTSA has made an editorial change to clarify that 
Appendix B is available only for long-life light sources, while both 
Appendices are available for long- life light source information.
    Appendix B. Commenters concurred with NHTSA's proposed benchmark 
that not less than 2,000 hours of rated laboratory life is a suitable 
designation of a long-life light source. In accordance with the 
proposal, in the final rule the manufacturer of such a light source may 
provide the lesser amount of information that will be required by 
Appendix B, but, at its option, can make its submission under Appendix 
A. In either event, a replaceable light source which is the subject of 
information submitted to Docket No. 93-11 is required to comply with 
Standard No. 108.
    Stanley commented that a clear definition of ``life'' was not 
provided in the NPRM, and recommended that ``life'' of a light source 
be defined in terms of luminous flux maintenance. NHTSA concurs that an 
explanation is desirable, since Standard No. 108 and Part 564 both 
indicate that manufacturers may optionally furnish the information 
specified in Appendix B, if the ``rated average laboratory life'' is 
not less than 2,000 hours. The SAE has addressed this issue in sections 
4.3 and 4.9 of SAE J2009. These sections specify procedures and tests 
to determine life of the total HID system measured in both hours and 
starting cycles. NHTSA is adopting the term used there, ``rated 
laboratory life.'' In so doing, it also examined the definition of 
``rated average laboratory life'' which appears in SAE Standard J1383 
JUN90. It found that SAE J1383 JUN90 was suitable for incandescent 
light sources where lumen drop off occurs at a relatively steady rate 
over life, but that HID system lumens drop rapidly during the initial 
burning hours and then, later, tend toward a more level rate of drop.
    In Koito's view, Appendix B is not necessary. It believes that all 
light source submittals to part 564, including HIDs, and regardless of 
the rated laboratory life, should contain the information required in 
Appendix A. It indicated that the life in hours of an HID light source 
will vary with the ballasts combined with it. Therefore, life in hours 
for an HID light source is essentially meaningless if the original 
ballast is changed to another type of ballast. NHTSA understands this. 
It is for this reason that NHTSA is adopting the language proposed in 
the NPRM that Item III of Appendix B specifies the rated laboratory 
life of the light source/ballast combination instead of that of the 
light source alone. Item IV of Appendix B of this final rule reflects 
this requirement. Appendix B was specifically intended to accommodate 
all ballasts that are functionally interchangeable with a light source 
but different in design. New paragraph S7.7(e)(4) of Standard No. 108, 
adopted in this final rule, requires that each ballast filed with a 
light source bear permanent markings that indicate the rated laboratory 
life of the combination. Any part 564 submittal for a light source 
requiring ballasts for operation must include information that 
specifically identifies all ballasts that will be used with the light 
source. Substitution of a ballast other than that identified with the 
light source in part 564 is not permitted.
    It is important that ballast information be submitted. NHTSA 
considers the electronic ballast along with the transparent envelope 
containing a specific mixture of gases under pressure (the discharge 
bulb) to be an integral part of the light source system, although the 
bulb and ballast may be separate components. Furthermore, in 
determining compliance with Standard No. 108, testing of the light 
source

[[Page 20499]]

without a designated ballast would be difficult if not impossible.
    NHTSA has decided not to act upon Koito's recommendation that all 
light source submittals (including HID) be required to fulfill all 
informational requirements of Appendix A. The intent of Appendix A is 
to ensure that sufficient technical information is available to 
replacement light source manufacturers so that they may manufacture 
identical replacement light sources. NHTSA has decided that requiring 
the Appendix B submitter to provide all the information required in 
Appendix A is unnecessary if the manufacturer provides rated laboratory 
life data supporting a light source and ballast life of 2,000 hours or 
more.
    Ford recommended that Section I of Appendix A be added to Appendix 
B (``Filament Position Dimensions and Tolerances Using Either Direct 
Filament Dimensions or the Three Dimensional Filament Tolerance Box''). 
Ford also recommended that Appendix B require specification of the 
electrode position dimensions and tolerances for light sources using 
excited gas mixtures as filaments. Ford stated that the mid-point of 
the electrode separation distance would provide a comparable dimension 
``A'' of Figure 8 to be utilized in Standard No. 108's section S9 
Deflection test for replaceable light sources. NHTSA concurs with this 
recommendation since, as Ford stated, the mid-point of the electrode 
separation distance would provide a comparable dimension ``A'' which is 
required to support the bulb deflection test for replaceable light 
sources (S9). NHTSA has accordingly amended Section I of Appendix B as 
adopted.
    Finally, the reader should note that the conforming amendments to 
paragraphs 564.5(a) and (c) reflect the agency's recent amendment of 
paragraph S7.7 of Standard No. 108 and 564.5(a) and (c) to transfer HB 
type replaceable light sources to Docket No. 93-11 (November 28, 1995; 
60 FR 58522).

Comments in Opposition

    IIHS opposed the rulemaking action because HID light sources are 
more expensive to replace than other light sources and recommended that 
the agency not permit the use of increasingly expensive lighting 
systems on motor vehicles without conducting a parallel rulemaking to 
reinstate a no- damage 5 mph bumper standard. Advocates, too, believed 
that the replacement cost for HID headlamp systems ought to be a 
central consideration of this rulemaking. NHTSA notes that HID light 
sources are permitted in integral beam lighting systems, and will 
continue to be so used even if they are not permitted in replaceable 
bulb systems. However, the proposal to allow them in such systems is 
being adopted because there are no safety disbenefits in allowing them. 
The use of replaceable light source HID lighting systems as an 
alternative to non-replaceable ones or to resistive element type 
filament lighting systems is an issue of the marketplace, not of 
safety.
    Advocates disagreed with NHTSA that this rulemaking would reduce 
costs both to manufacturers and consumers. In its view, NHTSA's 
rationale for cost reduction is based upon the fact that HID headlamps 
might not have to be replaced for the life of the vehicle and 
consequently is not an adequate evaluation of the costs and benefits 
accruing to consumers from the institution of HID headlamp systems.
    NHTSA's rationale for cost reduction is intended in the context of 
HID headlamp systems. In an integral beam system using HIDs, all 
headlamp parts must be replaced when a component fails or is damaged, 
even for something as simple as a cracked lens. Allowing HID's to be 
used in replaceable bulb headlamp systems would permit separability and 
the replacement of individual components at significant cost savings to 
the consumer. Repair costs for damaged HID headlamps ought to be 
significantly reduced if lamp bodies, discharge bulbs and ballasts can 
be individually serviced, instead of being replaced as part of a 
headlamp assembly. In addition, it is probable that minor damage would 
be repaired (such as a cracked lens) that could degrade headlamp 
performance if there is an economic incentive not to defer correction 
until required to do so, either by failing performance or state motor 
vehicle inspection.
    Advocates also argued that the rulemaking was mischaracterized as 
``non-significant.'' The rulemaking is properly characterized under DOT 
policies and procedures. The final rule prescribes an alternative, 
optional, headlighting system, and results in no additional costs or 
burdens upon any regulated person or upon the public.
    Finally, Advocates disagreed with the agency's decision not to 
regulate ultraviolet radiation (UV) and electric shock, and recommended 
that a supplementary NPRM be issued addressing the possible threat to 
human health and safety through UV emissions and high voltages.
    There appears to be no current need to do so, other than requiring 
a warning marking on the ballast. NHTSA addressed these concerns in the 
preamble to the proposal (see 60 FR at 31942). In that discussion, 
NHTSA noted that SAE J2009 recognizes UV radiation and electric shock 
as potential safety hazards. To address the hazard of UV radiation, the 
lighting community has developed HID bulbs that include an additional 
transparent envelope which is a UV filter. Other innovative design 
solutions are being considered to prevent UV emissions. The need for 
high voltage shock safety is also recognized by the SAE document. These 
are design and testing issues for the manufacturer. NHTSA will monitor 
them and propose rulemaking if it appears to be required for health and 
safety.

Effective Date

    Since the final rule does not impose any additional burden and is 
intended to afford an alternative to existing requirements, it is 
hereby found that an effective date earlier than 180 days after 
issuance of the final rule is in the public interest. The final rule 
(i.e., the amendments to the Code of Federal Regulations and the 
requirements specified therein) is effective 30 days after its 
publication in the Federal Register.

Rulemaking Analyses

Executive Order 12866 and DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures

    This rulemaking action has not been reviewed under Executive Order 
12866. It has been determined that the rulemaking action is not 
significant under Department of Transportation regulatory policies and 
procedures. The effect of the rulemaking action is to allow an 
alternative headlighting system. It will not impose any additional 
burden upon any person. The final rule will reduce costs both to 
manufacturers and consumers. Because ballasts will no longer have to be 
integral with the light source, manufacturers may use a simpler, less 
expensive connector. Consumers may replace separate elements of an HID- 
replaceable light source headlamp system as compared with the present 
regulation which requires replacement of the whole unit. Impacts of the 
rule are, therefore, so minimal as not to warrant preparation of a full 
regulatory evaluation.

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The agency has also considered the effects of this rulemaking 
action in relation to the Regulatory Flexibility Act. I certify that 
this rulemaking action would not have a significant economic

[[Page 20500]]

effect upon a substantial number of small entities. Motor vehicle and 
lighting equipment manufacturers are generally not small businesses 
within the meaning of the Regulatory Flexibility Act. Further, small 
organizations and governmental jurisdictions will not be significantly 
affected as the price of new motor vehicles will not be impacted. 
Accordingly, no Regulatory Flexibility Analysis has been prepared.

Executive Order 12612 (Federalism)

    This action has been analyzed in accordance with the principles and 
criteria contained in Executive Order 12612 on ``Federalism.'' It has 
been determined that the rulemaking action does not have sufficient 
federalism implications to warrant the preparation of a Federalism 
Assessment.

National Environmental Policy Act

    NHTSA has analyzed this rulemaking action for purposes of the 
National Environmental Policy Act. The rulemaking action will not have 
a significant effect upon the environment as it does not affect the 
present method of manufacturing motor vehicle lighting equipment.

Civil Justice Reform

    This rulemaking action will not have any retroactive effect. Under 
49 U.S.C. 30103, whenever a Federal motor vehicle safety standard is in 
effect, a state may not adopt or maintain a safety standard applicable 
to the same aspect of performance which is not identical to the Federal 
standard. Under 49 U.S.C. 30163, a procedure is set forth for judicial 
review of final rules establishing, amending, or revoking Federal motor 
vehicle safety standards. That section does not require submission of a 
petition for reconsideration or other administrative proceedings before 
parties may file suit in court.

Paperwork Reduction Act

    The reporting and record keeping requirement associated with part 
564 have been approved by the Office and Management and Budget in 
accordance with 44 U.S.C. chapter 35. The OMB control number is 2127- 
0563.

List of Subjects in 49 CFR Parts 564 and 571

    Imports, Motor vehicle safety, Motor vehicles.

    In consideration of the foregoing, 49 CFR parts 564 and 571 are 
amended as follows:

PART 564--REPLACEABLE LIGHT SOURCE INFORMATION

    1. The authority citation for part 564 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 322, 30111, 30115, 30117, 30166; delegation 
of authority at 49 CFR 1.50.

    2. Section 564.1 is revised to read as set forth below.


Sec. 564.1  Scope.

    This part requires the submission of dimensional, electrical 
specification, and marking/designation information, as specified in 
Appendix A and Appendix B of this part, for original equipment 
replaceable light sources used in motor vehicle headlighting systems.
    3. Section 564.2 is revised to read as set forth below.


Sec. 564.2  Purposes.

    The purposes of this part are achieved through its Appendices:
    (a) The purposes of Appendix A of this part are to ensure
    (1) The availability to replacement light source manufacturers of 
the manufacturing specifications of original equipment light sources so 
that replacement light sources are interchangeable with original 
equipment light sources and provide equivalent performance, and
    (2) That redesigned or newly developed light sources are designated 
as distinct, different, and noninterchangeable with previously existing 
light sources.
    (b) The purposes of Appendix B of this part are to ensure
    (1) That original equipment light sources are replaceable and that 
replacement light sources provide equivalent performance, and
    (2) That redesignated or newly developed light sources are 
designated as distinct, different, and noninterchangeable with 
previously existing light sources.
    4. Section 564.5 (a), (b), (c), (d) introductory text and (d)(1) 
are revised to read as set forth below.


Sec. 564.5  Information filing; agency processing of filings.

    (a) Each manufacturer of a motor vehicle, original equipment 
headlamp, or original equipment headlamp replaceable light source, 
which intends to manufacture a replaceable light source as original 
equipment or to incorporate a replaceable light source in its headlamps 
or motor vehicles, shall furnish the information specified in Appendix 
A. If the rated laboratory life of the light source is not less than 
2,000 hours, the manufacturer shall furnish the information specified 
in either Appendix A or Appendix B of this part. Information shall be 
furnished to: Associate Administrator for Safety Performance Standards, 
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 400 Seventh Street SW, 
Washington, D.C. 20590. Attn: Replaceable Light Source Information 
Docket No. 93-11 (unless the agency has already filed such information 
in Docket No. 93-11).
    (b) The manufacturer shall submit such information not later than 
60 days before it intends to begin the manufacture of the replaceable 
light source to which the information applies, or to incorporate the 
light source into a headlamp or motor vehicle of its manufacture. Each 
submission shall consist of one original set of information and 10 
legible reproduced copies, all on 8\1/2\ by 11-inch paper.
    (c) The Associate Administrator promptly reviews each submission 
and informs the manufacturer not later than 30 days after its receipt 
whether the submission has been accepted. Upon acceptance, the 
Associate Administrator files the information in Docket No. 93-11. The 
Associate Administrator does not accept any submission that does not 
contain all the information specified in Appendix A or Appendix B of 
this part, or whose accompanying information indicates that any new 
light source which is the subject of a submission is interchangeable 
with any replaceable light source for which the agency has previously 
filed information in Docket No. 93-11.
    (d) A manufacturer may request modification of a light source for 
which information has previously been filed in Docket No. 93-11, and 
the submission shall be processed in the manner provided by 
Sec. 564.5(c). A request for modification shall contain the following:
    (1) All the information specified in Appendix A or Appendix B of 
this part that is relevant to the modification requested,
* * * * *
    5. Part 564 is amended by revising the heading for section I and 
adding Paragraph D to Section I of Appendix A to read as set forth 
below.

Appendix A--Information to be Submitted for Replaceable Light Sources

    I. Filament or Discharge Arc Position Dimensions and Tolerances 
Using Either Direct Filament or Discharge Arc Dimensions or the Three 
Dimensional Filament or Discharge Arc Tolerance Box.
* * * * *

[[Page 20501]]

    D. For a light source using excited gas mixtures as a filament, 
necessary fiducial information and specifications including electrode 
position dimensions and tolerance information that provide similar 
location and characteristics information required by paragraphs A, B, 
and C of this section I for light sources using a resistive type 
filament.
* * * * *
    6. Part 564 is amended by revising Section IX of Appendix A to read 
as set forth below.

Appendix A--Information to be Submitted For Replaceable Light Sources

* * * * *
    IX. All other information, dimensions or performance specifications 
necessary for interchangeability, replaceability, or system test 
purposes not listed in sections I through VIII. If a ballast is 
required for operation, a complete listing of the requirements and 
parameters between the light source and ballast, and ballast and the 
vehicle shall also be provided.
    7. Part 564 is amended by adding Appendix B to read as set forth 
below.

Appendix B--Information to be Submitted for Long Life Replaceable Light 
Sources of Limited Definition

    I. Filament or Discharge Arc Position Dimensions and Tolerances 
Using Either Direct Filament or Discharge Arc Dimensions or the Three 
Dimensional Filament Discharge Arc Tolerance Box.
    A. Lower beam filament or discharge arc dimensions or filament or 
discharge arc tolerance box dimensions and relation of these to the 
bulb base reference plane and centerline.
    1. Axial location of the filament or discharge arc centerline or 
the filament or discharge arc tolerance box relative to the bulb base 
reference plane.
    2. Vertical location of the filament or discharge arc centerline or 
the filament or discharge arc tolerance box relative to the bulb base 
centerline.
    3. Transverse location of the filament or discharge arc centerline 
or the filament or discharge arc tolerance box relative to the bulb 
base centerline.
    4. Filament or discharge arc tolerance box dimensions, if used.
    B. Upper beam filament or discharge arc dimensions or the filament 
or discharge arc tolerance box dimensions and relation of these to the 
bulb base reference plane and centerline.
    1. Axial location of the filament or discharge arc centerline or 
the filament or discharge arc tolerance box relative to the bulb base 
reference plane.
    2. Vertical location of the filament or discharge arc centerline or 
the filament or discharge arc tolerance box relative to the bulb base 
centerline.
    3. Transverse location of the filament or discharge arc centerline 
or the filament or discharge arc tolerance box relative to the bulb 
base centerline.
    4. Filament or discharge arc tolerance box dimensions, if used.
    C. If the replaceable light source has both a lower beam and upper 
beam filament or discharge arc, the dimensional relationship between 
the two filament or discharge arc centerlines or the filament or 
discharge arc tolerance boxes may be provided instead of referencing 
the upper beam filament or discharge arc centerline or filament or 
discharge arc tolerance box to the bulb base centerline or reference 
plane.
    D. For a light source using excited gas mixtures as a filament, 
necessary fiducial information and specifications including electrode 
position dimensions, and tolerance information that provide similar 
location and characteristics information required by paragraphs A, B, 
and C of this section I for light sources using a resistive type 
filament.
    II. Bulb Base Interchangeability Dimensions and Tolerance.
    A. Angular locations, diameters, key/keyway sizes, and any other 
interchangeability dimensions for indexing the bulb base in the bulb 
holder.
    B. Diameter, width, depth, and surface finish of seal groove, 
surface, or other pertinent sealing features.
    C. Diameter of the bulb base at the interface of the base and its 
perpendicular reference surface.
    D. Dimensions of features related to retention of the bulb base in 
the bulb holder such as tabs, keys, keyways, surface, etc.
    III. Bulb Holder Interchangeability Dimensions and Tolerances.
    A. Mating angular locations, diameters, key/keyway sizes, any other 
interchangeability dimensions for indexing the bulb base in the bulb 
holder.
    B. Mating diameter, width, depth, and surface, or other pertinent 
sealing features.
    C. Mating diameter of the bulb holder at the interface of the bulb 
base aperture and its perpendicular reference surface.
    D. Mating dimensions of features related to retention of the bulb 
base in the bulb holder such as tabs, keys, keyways, surface, or any 
other characteristics necessary for mating dimensions.
    IV. Electrical Specifications for Each Light Source that Operates 
With a Ballast and Rated Life of the Light Source/Ballast Combination.
    A. Maximum power (in watts).
    B. Luminous Flux (in lumens).
    C. Rated laboratory life of the light source/ballast combination 
(not less than 2,000 hours).
    V. Applicable to Light Sources that Operate With a Source Voltage 
Other Than 12.8 Volts Direct Current, and When a Proprietary Ballast 
Must Be Used With the Light Source.
    A. Manufacturer's part number for the ballast.
    B. Any other characteristics necessary for system operation.
    VI. Bulb Markings/Designation--ANSI Number, ECE Identifier, 
Manufacturer's Part Number, Individual or in Any Combination.
    VII. All other identification, dimensions or performance 
specifications necessary for replaceability or systems test not listed 
in sections I through VI.

PART 571--FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS

    1. The authority citation for part 571 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 322, 30111, 30115, 30117, and 30166; 
delegation of authority at 49 CFR 1.50.

    2. Section 571.108 is amended by:
    (a) adding a definition of ``Filament'' in alphabetical order to 
section S4, deleting the definition of ``Seasoning'' in Section S4, and 
revising the definition of ``Replaceable light source'' in section S4 
to read as set forth below,
    (b) revising paragraph S7.7 (a), (b), (c), and (d), and adding new 
paragraphs S7.7 (e), (f), and (g) to read as set forth below, and
    (c) revising section S8 to read as set forth below:


Sec. 571.108  Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 108 Lamps, Reflective 
Devices, and Associated Equipment.

* * * * *
    54. * * *
    Filament means that part of the light source or light emitting 
element(s), such as a resistive element, the excited portion of a 
specific mixture of gases under pressure, or any part of other energy 
conversion sources, that generates radiant energy which can be seen.
* * * * *
    Replaceable light source means an assembly of a capsule, base, and 
terminals that is designed to conform to the requirements of Appendix A 
or Appendix B of part 564 Replaceable Light Source Information of this 
Chapter.
* * * * *

[[Page 20502]]

    S7.7 * * *
    (a) If other than an HB Type, the light source shall be marked with 
the bulb marking designation specified for it in compliance with 
Appendix A or Appendix B of part 564 of this chapter. The base of each 
HB Type shall be marked with its HB Type designation. Each replaceable 
light source shall also be marked with the symbol DOT and with a name 
or trademark in accordance with paragraph S7.2.
    (b) The measurement of maximum power and luminous flux that is 
submitted in compliance with Appendix A or Appendix B of part 564 of 
this chapter shall be made in accordance with this paragraph. The 
filament or discharge arc shall be seasoned before measurement of 
either. Measurement shall be made with the direct current test voltage 
regulated within one quarter of one percent. The test voltage shall be 
12.8v. The measurement of luminous flux shall be in accordance with the 
Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, LM-45, IES Approved 
Method for Electrical and Photometric Measurements of General Service 
Incandescent Filament Lamps (April 1980); shall be made with the black 
cap installed on Type HB1, Type HB2, Type HB4, and Type HB5, and on any 
other replaceable light source so designed; and shall be made with the 
electrical conductor and light source base shrouded with an opaque 
white cover, except for the portion normally located within the 
interior of the lamp housing. The measurement of luminous flux for the 
Types HB3 and HB4 shall be made with the base covered with a white 
cover as shown in the drawings for Types HB3 and HB4 filed in Docket 
No. 93-11. (The white cover is used to eliminate the likelihood of 
incorrect lumen measurement that will occur should the reflectance of 
the light source base and electrical connector be low).
    (c) The capsule, lead wires and/or terminals, and seal on each Type 
HB1, Type HB3, Type HB4, and Type HB5 light source, and on any other 
replaceable light source which uses a seal, shall be installed in a 
pressure chamber as shown in Figure 25 so as to provide an airtight 
seal. The diameter of the aperture in Figure 25 on a replaceable light 
source (other than an HB Type) shall be that dimension furnished for 
such light source in compliance with Appendix A or Appendix B of part 
564 of this chapter. An airtight seal exists when no air bubbles appear 
on the low pressure (connector) side after the light source has been 
immersed in water for one minute while inserted in a cylindrical 
aperture specified for the light source, and subjected to an air 
pressure of 70kPa (10 P.S.I.G.) on the glass capsule side.
    (d) The measurement of maximum power and luminous flux that is 
submitted in compliance with section VII of Appendix A of part 564 of 
this chapter, or section IV of Appendix B of part 564 of this chapter, 
shall be made with the direct current test voltage regulated within one 
quarter of one percent. The test voltage shall be 12.8v. The 
measurement of luminous flux shall be in accordance with the 
Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, LM 45; IES Approved 
Method for Electrical and Photometric Measurements of General Service 
Incandescent Filament Lamps (April 1980). The filament of a replaceable 
light source shall be seasoned before such measurement. The white 
covers are used to eliminate the likelihood of incorrect lumens 
measurement that will occur should the reflectance of the light source 
base and electrical connector be low.
    (1) For a light source with a resistive element type filament, 
seasoning of the light source shall be made in accordance with section 
2.9 of SAE Standard J1383 APR85 Performance Requirements for Motor 
Vehicle Headlamps. The measurement of luminous flux shall be made with 
the black cap installed on Type HB1, Type HB2, Type HB4, and Type HB5 
light sources, and on any other replaceable light source so designed, 
and shall be made with the electrical conductor and light source base 
shrouded with an opaque white colored cover, except for the portion 
normally located within the interior of the lamp housing. The 
measurement of luminous flux for Type HB3 and Type HB4 shall be made 
with the base covered with the white cover shown in the drawings for 
Types HB3 and HB4 filed in Docket No. 93-11.
    (2) For a light source using excited gas mixtures as a filament or 
discharge arc, seasoning of the light source system, including any 
ballast required for its operation, shall be made in accordance with 
section 4.0 of SAE Recommended Practice J2009 FEB93 Discharge Forward 
Lighting Systems. With the test voltage applied to the ballast input 
terminals, the measurement of luminous flux shall be made with the 
black cap installed, if so designed, and shall be made with an opaque 
white colored cover, except for the portion normally located within the 
interior of the lamp housing.
    (e) If a ballast is required for operation, each ballast shall bear 
the following permanent markings:
    (1) Name or logo of ballast manufacturer;
    (2) Ballast part number or unique identification;
    (3) Part number or other unique identification of the light source 
for which the ballast is designed;
    (4) Rated laboratory life of the light source/ballast combination, 
if the information for the light source has been filed in Appendix B of 
part 564 of this chapter;
    (5) A warning that ballast output voltage presents the potential 
for severe electrical shock that could lead to permanent injury or 
death;
    (6) Ballast output power in watts and output voltage in rms volts 
AC or DC; and
    (7) The symbol `DOT'.''
    (f) For light sources that use excited gas mixtures as a filament 
or discharge arc, the ``rated laboratory life'' shall be determined in 
accordance with sections 4.3 and 4.9 of SAE Recommended Practice J2009 
FEB93 Forward Discharge Lighting Systems.
    (g) After the force deflection test conducted in accordance with 
S9, the permanent deflection of the glass envelope shall not exceed 
0.13 mm in the direction of the applied force.
* * * * *
    S8  Tests and Procedures for Integral Beam and Replaceable Bulb 
Headlighting Systems. When tested in accordance with the following 
procedures, each integral beam headlamp shall meet the requirements of 
paragraph S7.4, and each replaceable bulb headlamp shall meet the 
requirements of paragraph S7.5. Ballasts required to operate specific 
gas mixture light sources shall be included in the tests specified in 
paragraphs S8.1 and S8.4 though S8.7.
* * * * *
    Issued on: April 25, 1996.
Ricardo Martinez,
Administrator.
[FR Doc. 96-11113 Filed 5-06-96; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-59-P