U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 close



Research
                Research Home
                            National Programs
                            Research Projects
                            Scientific Manuscripts
                            International Engagement
                            Scientific Software/Models
                            Databases and Datasets
                            Office of Scientific Quality Review
            Media
                News & Features
                            Multimedia
                            Briefing Room
                            Down on the Farm
                            Press Room
                            Science in Your Shopping Cart
                            Scientific Discoveries
                            Tellus
                            Under the Microscope
            About ARS
                About ARS Home
                            Staff Directory
                            Labs and Research Centers (Map)
                            Headquarter Offices
                            Organizational Chart
                            Employee Services (REE Employees Only)
                            Office of Outreach, Diversity, and Equal Opportunity
            Work With Us
                Work With Us Home
                            ARS Vacancies at USAJOBS
                            Careers at ARS Information
                            Scientific Collaborations
                            Extramural Agreements
                            1890 Faculty Research Sabbatical ProgramSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Cooper, William

                                                         - *Rodney*item
                                            DILLWITH, JACK - Oklahoma State Universityitem
                                            Puterka, Gary
  Submitted to: Environmental Entomology
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 10/6/2010
                                    Publication  Date: 2/15/2011
                                    Citation: Cooper, W.R., Dillwith, J.W., Puterka, G.J. 2011. Comparisons of salivary proteins from five aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) species. Environmental Entomology. 40:151-156.Interpretive Summary: While feeding on plants, aphids inject saliva which aids in feeding, but is toxic to plant tissues. Comparing salivary composition among different aphid species could help identify which products are important for general aphid feeding, which products are specific among certain host associations, or which products cause specific damage to crops. We compared the saliva from five aphid species including three Diuraphis species (the Russian wheat aphid, the western wheat aphid, and D. mexicana), the greenbug, and the pea aphid. One salivary protein (alkaline phosphatase) was detected from the saliva of all five species and may have a universal role in aphid feeding. The three Diuraphis species, which cause visibly similar injury to grasses, shared nine protein products that were absent from the saliva of the other two species. The greenbug uses some of the same hosts as the Diuraphis species, but injury to hosts caused by greenbug feeding is visibly different from that caused by Diuraphis feeding. Only two protein products were common to the saliva of Diuraphis and the greenbug. Ten protein products were detected only from the saliva of the pea aphid, which feeds on different host plants than the three Diuraphis species and greenbug. Our comparisons of aphid saliva revealed marked similarities among species that cause similar injury on mutual hosts, fewer similarities among species that cause visibly different injury on mutual hosts, and little similarity among species that feed on unrelated hosts.
                                Technical Abstract: Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) saliva, when injected into host plants during feeding, causes physiological changes in hosts that facilitate aphid feeding and cause injury to plants. Comparing salivary constituents among aphid species could help identify which salivary products are universally important for general aphid feeding processes, which products are involved with specific host associations, or which products elicit visible injury to hosts. We compared the salivary proteins from five aphid species, namely, Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov, D. tritici Gillette, D. mexicana Baker, Schizaphis graminum Rondani, and Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris. A 132-kDa protein was visualized from the saliva of all 5 species using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Alkaline phosphatase activity was detected from the saliva of all five species and may have a universal role in the feeding process of aphids. The Diuraphis species cause similar visible injury to grass hosts, and nine electrophoretic bands were unique to the saliva of these three species. S. graminum shares mutual hosts with the Diuraphis species, but visible injury to hosts caused by S. graminum feeding differs from that of Diuraphis feeding. Only two mutual electrophoretic bands were visualized in the saliva of Diuraphis and S. graminum. Ten unique products were detected from the saliva of A. pisum, which feeds on dicotyledonous hosts. Our comparisons of aphid salivary proteins revealed similarities among species which cause similar injury on mutual hosts, fewer similarities among species which cause different injury on mutual hosts, and little similarity among species which feed on unrelated hosts.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov