U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Agricultural Systems Research: Sidney, MT
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    NPARL
                        NPARL
                                    Pest Management Research
                                    Grasshoppers: Their Biology, Identification and Management:Search small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Plains Area Sidney, Montana Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory Agricultural Systems Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Sainju, Upendraitem
                                            Caesar, Thecanitem
                                            Caesar, Anthony
  Submitted to: Soil and Tillage Research
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 11/2/2011
                                    Publication  Date: 12/21/2011
                                    Citation: Sainju, U.M., Caesar, T., Caesar, A.J. 2011. Comparison of soil carbon dioxide flux measurements  by static and portable chambers in various management practices. Soil and Tillage Research. 118:123-131.Interpretive Summary: Portable chamber using infrared analyzer, because of its simplicity, rapidity, inexpensiveness, has been increasingly used to measure emissions of soil carbon dioxide (CO2), a greenhouse gas responsible for global warming. Its effectiveness and precision compared with the static chamber using gas chromatograph, however, is not well known. 

Experiments were conducted to compare the portable and static chamber methods of measuring soil CO2 fluxes from May to October, 2008 under various soil, climatic, and management practices  in dryland and irrigated cropping systems in eastern Montana and western North Dakota, USA. Treatments in eastern Montana were dryland no-tilled continuous malt barley (NTCB), no-tilled malt barley-pea (NTB-P), and conventional-tilled malt barley-fallow (CTB-F), each with 0 and 80 kg N ha-1 applied to Williams loam. Similarly, treatments in western North Dakota were no-tilled malt barley with N fertilizer (NTBFN), no-tilled malt barley with no N fertilizer (NTBON), no-tilled malt barley-pea with N fertilizer (NTB-PN), conventional-tilled malt barley with N fertilizer (CTBFN), and conventional-tilled malt barley with no N fertilizer (CTBON), each with irrigation and non-irrigation applied to Lihen sandy loam. 

At both locations, CO2 flux during the summer peaked following substantial precipitation and/or irrigation (>15 mm), increasing soil water content, regardless of treatments and measurement methods. The flux varied with treatments more in the portable than in the static chamber. In eastern Montana, CO2 flux, averaged across measurement dates, was greater in NTCB than in NTB-P and was 1.2 times greater in the portable than in static chamber. In western North Dakota, CO2 flux varied among treatments and was 2.4 times greater in the portable than in the static chamber. The CO2 fluxes in portable and static chambers were linearly to exponentially related (R2 = 0.68 to 0.77, P = 0.01, n = 40 to 56). 

Measurements of CO2 fluxes between the portable chamber using infrared analyzer and the static chamber using gas chromatograph were closer in loam soil under dryland cropping systems than in sandy loam soil under dryland and irrigated cropping systems. Portable chamber may provide a reliable measurement of CO2 flux compared with static chamber in dryland than in irrigated cropping systems.
                                Technical Abstract: Portable chamber using infrared analyzer provides simple, rapid, and inexpensive measurement of emissions of soil carbon dioxide (CO2), a greenhouse gas responsible for global warming, but its effectiveness and precision compared with the static chamber using gas chromatograph is not well known. The measurement of soil CO2 flux was compared between a portable chamber using infrared analyzer and a static chamber using gas chromatograph under various management practices from May to October, 2008 in eastern Montana and western North Dakota, USA. Treatments in eastern Montana were dryland no-tilled continuous malt barley (Hordeum vulgaris L.) (NTCB), no-tilled malt barley-pea (Pisum sativum L.) (NTB-P), and conventional-tilled malt barley-fallow (CTB-F), each with 0 and 80 kg N ha-1 applied to Williams loam (fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid, Typic Argiborolls). Similarly, treatments in western North Dakota were no-tilled malt barley with N fertilizer (NTBFN), no-tilled malt barley with no N fertilizer (NTBON), no-tilled malt barley-pea with N fertilizer (NTB-PN), conventional-tilled malt barley with N fertilizer (CTBFN), and conventional-tilled malt barley with no N fertilizer (CTBON), each with irrigation and non-irrigation applied to Lihen sandy loam (sandy, mixed, frigid, Entic Haplustolls). At both locations, CO2 flux during the summer peaked following substantial precipitation and/or irrigation (>15 mm), increasing soil water content, regardless of treatments and measurement methods. The flux varied with treatments more in the portable than in the static chamber. In eastern Montana, CO2 flux, averaged across measurement dates, was greater in NTCB than in NTB-P and was 1.2 times greater in the portable than in static chamber. In western North Dakota, CO2 flux varied among treatments and was 2.4 times greater in the portable than in the static chamber. The CO2 fluxes in portable and static chambers were linearly to exponentially related (R2 = 0.68 to 0.77, P = 0.01, n = 40 to 56). Measurements of CO2 fluxes between the portable chamber using infrared analyzer and the static chamber using gas chromatograph were closer in loam soil under dryland cropping systems than in sandy loam soil under dryland and irrigated cropping systems. Portable chamber may provide a reliable measurement of CO2 flux compared with static chamber in dryland than in irrigated cropping systems.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov