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Title:   Author  item
                                            Gibson, Sethitem
                                            Linthicum, Kenneth

                                                         - *Ken*item
                                            WALKER, TODD - Department Of Defenseitem
                                            FAROOQ, MUHAMMAD - Department Of Defenseitem
                                            CLARK, JEFFREY - United States Army Medical Research Unit
  Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 2/23/2011
                                    Publication  Date: N/A
                                    Citation: N/AInterpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Reducing populations of phlebotomine sand flies in areas prevalent for leishmaniases is of ongoing importance to U.S. military operations. Collateral reduction of sand flies or human cases of leishmaniases during pesticide campaigns against vectors of malaria indicate that residuals like DDT can be effective. However, not enough is known regarding the efficacy of the current arsenal of Department of Defense-approved pesticides. We need to know more about the potential for ULV pesticides to control Old World sand fly vectors. In this study we examine the performance of the Terminator ULV and the Grizzly ULV with Duet and Fyfanon in four combinations against caged Phlebotomus duboscqi in a natural environment in western Kenya. All equipment and Fyfanon are approved and listed by the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. Caged sand flies were reared from local P. duboscqi and the area has long been studied as a Leishmania focus. Patterns of mortality across grids of sentinel sand flies showed greater efficacy from the Grizzly ULV equipment regardless of chemical. However, patterns of deposition from dye-stained ULV droplets showed higher dispersal in 1 trial from the Terminator. Off-site sand fly trapping before and after treatments suggest local population suppression from ULV sprays. We discuss the implications of these findings for future military preventive medicine activities and encourage further investigations into the merits of ULV for force health protection.


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