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Title:   Author  item
                                            Waters, Wadeitem
                                            Palmer, Mitchellitem
                                            Thacker, Tyleritem
                                            DAVIS, WILLIAM - Washington State Universityitem
                                            SREEVATSAN, SRINAND - University Of Minnesotaitem
                                            COUSSENS, PAUL - Michigan State Universityitem
                                            MEADE, KIERAN - Animal Bioscience Centre (ABC)item
                                            HOPE, JAYNE - Institute For Animal Healthitem
                                            ESTES, D - University Of Texas
  Submitted to: Clinical and Developmental Immunology
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 10/11/2010
                                    Publication  Date: 12/1/2010
                                    Citation: Waters, W.R., Palmer, M.V., Thacker, T.C., Davis, W.C., Sreevatsan, S., Coussens, P., Meade, K.G., Hope, J.C., Estes, D.M. 2010. Tuberculosis immunity:  Opportunities from studies with cattle. Clinical and Developmental Immunology. 2011:01-11.Interpretive Summary: Despite highly successful eradication efforts in several countries, tuberculosis of cattle remains a serious health concern worldwide. Outbreaks in Michigan, California, and Minnesota continue and new cases have been detected in Colorado, South Dakota, Nebraska, Texas, and Indiana; demonstrating that the disease is far from eliminated from the United States. This review article provides an overview of research on bovine tuberculosis immunology, demonstrating the potential use of the calf model to improve our understanding of tuberculosis in cattle and humans. Additionally, details about the immune response of cattle to tuberculosis vaccines are described. Knowledge presented in this article will be useful for the dissemination of information critical for the advancement of new strategies to be used in the United States and elsewhere for tuberculosis control.
                                Technical Abstract: Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis are closely related (>99% genetic identity), inducing similar host responses and disease expression upon infection. There is a rich history of co-discovery in the development of control measures applicable to both human and bovine tuberculosis (TB) including skin-testing procedures, BCG vaccination, and interferon-gamma release assays. The calf TB infection model offers several opportunities to further our understanding of TB immunopathogenesis. Recent observations include: correlation of central memory immune responses with TB vaccine efficacy, association of SIRP alpha + cells in ESAT-6:CFP10-elicited multinucleate giant cell formation, early gamma delta T cell responses to TB, anti-mycobacterial activity of memory CD4+ T cells via granulysin production, association of specific antibody with antigen burden, and suppression of innate immune gene expression in infected animals. Partnerships pairing researchers with veterinary and medical perspectives should provide mutual benefit to TB research.


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