I 

118TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. R. 5660 

To provide for the protection of natural and cultural resources, Tribal collaborative management, sustainable economic development, enhanced recreation, and equitable access on Federal lands in eastern Imperial and 

Riverside counties, California, and for other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

SEPTEMBER 21, 2023 

Mr. RUIZ introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee 

on Natural Resources 

A BILL 

To provide for the protection of natural and cultural resources, Tribal collaborative management, sustainable 

economic development, enhanced recreation, and equitable access on Federal lands in eastern Imperial and 

Riverside counties, California, and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Chuckwalla National 

5 Monument Establishment and Joshua Tree National Park 

6 Expansion Act of 2023’’. 


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1 SEC. 2. CHUCKWALLA NATIONAL MONUMENT TRIBAL COM2 MISSION. 

3 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 180 days after 

4 the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall es5 tablish a commission, to be known as the ‘‘Chuckwalla Na6 tional Monument Tribal Commission’’. 

7 (b) MEMBERSHIP.— 

8 (1) MAKEUP.—The Commission shall include a 

9 representative from each culturally affiliated Tribe. 

10 (2) PROCESS.—The Secretary shall conduct 

11 government-to-government consultation with each 

12 culturally affiliated tribe to determine the member13 ship of the Commission. 

14 (c) DUTIES.— 

15 (1) DUTIES OF THE COMMISSION.—The Com16 mission shall inform and provide input to the devel17 opment and implementation of the management plan 

18 alongside federal agencies. 

19 (2) DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY.—The Sec20 retary shall— 

21 (A) ensure the Commission is equitably in22 volved in the development and implementation 

23 of the management plan and the subsequent 

24 management of the Monument; 

25 (B) incorporate into the management 

26 plan— 


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1 (i) the traditional and historical 

2 knowledge and special expertise of the 

3 Commission; and 

4 (ii) public education and interpreta5 tion for traditional place names and the 

6 cultural significance of lands within the 

7 Monument, as the Secretary and the Com8 mission determine to be appropriate; and 

9 (iii) address funding, capacity build10 ing, infrastructure for Tribes. 

11 (d) PROCEDURES.—The Commission shall establish 

12 such rules and procedures for the Commission as the Com13 mission determines to be necessary or desirable. 

14 SEC. 3. CHUCKWALLA NATIONAL MONUMENT ADVISORY 

15 COMMITTEE. 

16 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not less than 180 days after 

17 the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall es18 tablish an advisory council, to be known as the 

19 ‘‘Chuckwalla National Monument Advisory Council’’. 

20 (b) DUTIES.—The advisory council shall advise the 

21 Secretary with respect to the preparation of the manage22 ment plan for the Monument. 

23 (c) APPLICABLE LAW.—The advisory council shall be 

24 subject to— 


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1 (1) the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 

2 U.S.C. App.); 

3 (2) the Federal Land Policy and Management 

4 Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); and 

5 (3) all other applicable law. 

6 (d) MEMBERS.—The advisory council shall include 19 

7 members, to be appointed by the Secretary, of whom, to 

8 the extent practicable— 

9 (1) one member shall be appointed after consid10 ering the recommendations of the Riverside County 

11 Board of Supervisors; 

12 (2) one member shall be appointed after consid13 ering the recommendations of the Imperial County 

14 Board of Supervisors; 

15 (3) one member shall be appointed after consid16 ering the recommendations of the Secretary of the 

17 California Natural Resources Agency; and 

18 (4) nine members shall reside in, or within rea19 sonable proximity to, Riverside or Imperial counties 

20 with backgrounds that reflect— 

21 (A) the purposes specified in section 4(b); 

22 and 

23 (B) the interest of persons affected by the 

24 planning and management of the National 

25 Monument, including persons representing priVerDate Sep 11 2014 01:29 Sep 29, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H5660.IH H5660

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1 vate land-ownership, non-governmental organi2 zations managing lands for conservation pur3 poses, and environmental, recreational, tourism, 

4 or other non-Federal land interests. 

5 (e) REPRESENTATION.—The Secretary shall ensure 

6 that the membership of the advisory council is fairly bal7 anced in terms of the points of view represented and the 

8 functions to be performed by the advisory council. 

9 (f) TERMS.— 

10 (1) STAGGERED TERMS.—Members of the advi11 sory council shall be appointed for terms of three 

12 years, except that, of the members first appointed, 

13 five of the members shall be appointed for a term 

14 of one year and five of the members shall be ap15 pointed for a term of two years. 

16 (2) REAPPOINTMENT.—A member may be re17 appointed to serve on the advisory council upon the 

18 expiration of the member’s current term. 

19 (3) VACANCY.—A vacancy on the advisory 

20 council shall be filled in the same manner as the 

21 original appointment. 

22 (g) QUORUM.—A quorum shall be eight members of 

23 the advisory council. The operations of the advisory coun24 cil shall not be impaired by the fact that a member has 


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1 not yet been appointed as long as a quorum has been at2 tained. 

3 (h) CHAIRPERSON AND PROCEDURES.—The advisory 

4 council shall elect a chairperson and establish such rules 

5 and procedures as it deems necessary or desirable. 

6 (i) SERVICE WITHOUT COMPENSATION.—Members of 

7 the advisory council shall serve without pay. 

8 (j) TERMINATION.—The advisory committee shall 

9 cease to exist on the date that the management plan is 

10 officially adopted by the Secretary unless the Secretary de11 termines to extend the advisory committee. 

12 SEC. 4. EXPANSION OF JOSHUA TREE NATIONAL PARK. 

13 Section 402 of the California Desert Protection Act 

14 of 1994 (Public Law 103–433) is amended by inserting 

15 ‘‘and the approximately 20,005 acres on the map entitled 

16 ‘Proposed Chuckwalla National Monunment’ and dated 

17 September 20, 2023,’’ after ‘‘October 1991 or prior,’’. 

18 SEC. 5. DEFINITIONS. 

19 In this Act: 

20 (1) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 

21 the Secretary of the Interior. 

22 (2) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means the State 

23 of California. 

24 (3) INDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘‘Indian tribe’’ 

25 means the governing body of any Indian tribe, band, 


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1 nation, pueblo, village, community, component band, 

2 or component reservation individually identified (in3 cluding parenthetically) on the list published by the 

4 Secretary under section 104 of the Federally Recog5 nized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994 (25 U.S.C. 

6 5131). 

7 (4) MANAGEMENT PLAN.—The term ‘‘manage8 ment plan’’ means the management plan prepared 

9 under section 4(c)(10). 

10 (5) MAP.—The term ‘‘Map’’ means the map ti11 tled ‘‘Proposed Chuckwalla National Monument’’ 

12 and dated September 20, 2023. 

13 (6) MONUMENT.—The term ‘‘Monument’’ 

14 means the Chuckwalla National Monument estab15 lished by section 4(a). 

16 (7) COMMISSION.—The term ‘‘commission’’ 

17 means the Chuckwalla National Monument Tribal 

18 Commission established by section 6(a). 

19 (8) ADVISORY COUNCIL.—The term ‘‘advisory 

20 council’’ means the Chuckwalla National Monument 

21 Advisory Council established by section 7(a). 

22 (9) DESERT RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSERVA23 TION PLAN.—The term ‘‘desert renewable energy 

24 conservation plan’’ means the Record of Decision for 

25 the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan 


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1 Land Use Plan Amendment to the California Desert 

2 Conservation Plan, Bishop Resource Management 

3 Plan, and Bakersfield Resource Management Plan 

4 by the Bureau of Land Management, dated Sep5 tember 2016, as amended. 

6 SEC. 6. FINDINGS. 

7 Congress finds that the lands designated as the 

8 Chuckwalla National Monument— 

9 (1) are the ancestral homelands of numerous 

10 Tribes including the Iviatim, Kwatsa ́an, Maara’yam, 

11 Nu ̈wu ̈, and Pipa Aha Macav peoples, which include 

12 today’s Cahuilla, Chemehuevi, Mojave, Quechan, and 

13 Serrano nations and— 

14 (A) continue to be regularly accessed and 

15 utilized by these same Tribes today; 

16 (B) will continue to be used by the Tribes 

17 in the future; 

18 (C) contain a complex trail system estab19 lished by Native Americans for various uses in20 cluding spiritual travel, trade, communication, 

21 and which connects to regions outside of the 

22 Monument boundaries, including Avi Kwa Ame; 

23 (D) include sacred sites, historic prop24 erties, traditional cultural places and cultural 

25 landscapes, sacred items, objects of cultural 


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1 patrimony, human remains, religious sites, 

2 geoglyphs, petroglyphs, and pictographs with 

3 significant value to the survival and well-being 

4 of Tribal people and their knowledge systems; 

5 (E) plants, wildlife, water sources, and 

6 minerals which are connected together as part 

7 of a greater cultural landscape; and 

8 (F) the associated Indian Tribes have a 

9 longstanding relationship to the area, acting as 

10 its stewards since time immemorial, with obliga11 tions to care for the cultural, spiritual, and nat12 ural resources provided to them by the land in13 cluding sacred places, plants, wildlife, water 

14 sources, and minerals; 

15 (2) have nationally significant biodiversity, 

16 given that they are located in the transitional zone 

17 where the Sonoran and Mojave Deserts come to18 gether; 

19 (3) are home to a wide variety of topography 

20 and elevation, leading to distinct microclimates and 

21 ecosystems; 

22 (4) are largely intact, undeveloped, and adja23 cent to other federally protected areas such as Josh24 ua Tree National Park, Indian Pass Wilderness, and 

25 the Palen/McCoy Wilderness; 


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1 (5) are a refuge for over 150 plant species, 

2 many found nowhere else, including— 

3 (A) Munz’s cholla, California’s largest en4 demic cacti, located on the Chuckwalla Bench; 

5 (B) California fan palm, a plant managed 

6 and used extensively by Tribal people for thou7 sands of years found in oases at Corn Springs, 

8 Mecca Hills Wilderness, and elsewhere where 

9 tectonic movements allow groundwater to seep 

10 up; and 

11 (C) the triple-ribbed milk-vetch, listed as 

12 endangered under the Endangered Species Act, 

13 as well as other sensitive species including 

14 Emory’s crucifixion thorn and Mecca-aster; 

15 (6) host some of the most extensive microphyll 

16 woodlands (small-leaf trees like ironwood and palo 

17 verde) in California in places like Milpitas Wash, a 

18 habitat critical to the survival of Tribal people, as 

19 well as many species including the burro deer and 

20 migrating birds; 

21 (7) offer core habitat and essential migration 

22 pathways for wildlife, including over 50 sensitive 

23 animal species, including— 


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1 (A) critical habitat for the Agassiz’s desert 

2 tortoise, which is listed as threatened under the 

3 Endangered Species Act; 

4 (B) critical habitat for the desert bighorn 

5 sheep, an iconic species with declining numbers; 

6 (C) habitat in microphyll woodlands for 

7 large numbers of resident and migratory birds, 

8 which is crucial amid the otherwise major de9 clines in bird numbers recorded in North Amer10 ica over the last 50 years; and 

11 (D) former habitat for the endangered 

12 Sonoran pronghorn in the Chuckwalla Bench, 

13 the site of a multi-year reintroduction effort 

14 that is already underway; 

15 (8) offer important glimpses into key periods in 

16 regional history, such as— 

17 (A) the gold seekers who used an existing 

18 Indigenous route to establish what is now the 

19 Bradshaw Trail in the 1870s; and 

20 (B) the invaluable training of more than 

21 one million soldiers from across the United 

22 States when these lands were part of the Cali23 fornia-Arizona Maneuver Area from 1942– 

24 1944; 


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1 (9) provide outstanding outdoor recreation op2 portunities to local communities and visitors alike, 

3 including hiking, horseback riding, motorized vehicle 

4 use and mountain biking on designated routes of 

5 travel, wildlife viewing, hunting, climbing, 

6 rockhounding, picnicking, and camping; and 

7 (10) offer inexpensive access to public lands for 

8 disadvantaged communities, including the farming 

9 and farm laboring communities of the eastern 

10 Coachella Valley and Blythe regions. 

11 SEC. 7. DESIGNATION OF CHUCKWALLA NATIONAL MONU12 MENT. 

13 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Subject to valid existing 

14 rights, there is established the Chuckwalla National Monu15 ment in the State, consisting of approximately 661,000 

16 acres of Federal land administered by the Bureau of Land 

17 Management, as generally depicted on the Map. 

18 (b) PURPOSES.—The purpose of the Monument is 

19 to— 

20 (1) conserve, protect, and enhance for the ben21 efit and enjoyment of present and future generations 

22 the ecological, scenic, wildlife, recreational, cultural, 

23 historical, natural, educational, and scientific re24 sources of the Monument; and 


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1 (2) provide for collaborative management with 

2 culturally affiliated Tribes of Monument resources. 

3 (c) MANAGEMENT.— 

4 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall manage 

5 the Monument— 

6 (A) in a manner that conserves, protects, 

7 and enhances the resources of the Monument; 

8 (B) in accordance with— 

9 (i) the Federal Land Policy and Man10 agement Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701 et 

11 seq.); 

12 (ii) this section; and 

13 (iii) any other applicable law (includ14 ing regulations); 

15 (C) in collaboration with culturally affili16 ated Tribes; and 

17 (D) as a component of the National Land18 scape Conservation System. 

19 (2) USES.—The Secretary shall only allow uses 

20 of the Monument that the Secretary determines 

21 would further the purposes described in subsection 

22 (b). 

23 (3) NATIVE AMERICAN ACCESS AND USE.— 

24 (A) ACCESS.—The Secretary shall ensure 

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1 dian tribe for traditional cultural purposes and 

2 activities. 

3 (B) USE.—In implementing this para4 graph, the Secretary, upon the request of an 

5 Indian tribe, may temporarily close to the gen6 eral public use of one or more specific portions 

7 of the Monument in order to protect the privacy 

8 of traditional cultural activities in such areas by 

9 members of the Indian tribe. The access and 

10 use provided under this paragraph shall be con11 sistent with the purpose and intent of Public 

12 Law 95–341 (42 U.S.C. 1996), commonly re13 ferred to as the American Indian Religious 

14 Freedom Act. 

15 (4) RECREATION.—The Secretary shall con16 tinue to authorize, maintain, and enhance recreation 

17 in the Monument, including, but not limited to, 

18 camping, hiking, backpacking, sightseeing, nature 

19 study, horseback riding, hunting, hang gliding, 

20 climbing, mountain biking and motorized recreation 

21 on authorized routes, and the noncommercial col22 lecting of rocks, minerals, and semi-precious 

23 gemstones, so long as such recreational use is con24 sistent with the purposes specified in section 4(b), 

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1 tions), applicable management plans, and input from 

2 the Commission regarding potential impacts to cul3 turally sensitive sites and resources. 

4 (5) MOTORIZED VEHICLES.— 

5 (A) IN GENERAL.—Except in cases in 

6 which motorized vehicles are needed for admin7 istrative purposes, or to respond to an emer8 gency, the use of motorized vehicles in the 

9 Monument shall be permitted only on routes 

10 designated by the management plan for the use 

11 of motorized vehicles. 

12 (B) INTERIM MANAGEMENT.— 

13 (i) Except as provided in clauses (ii) 

14 and (iii), until the completion of the man15 agement plan, the use of motorized vehicles 

16 in the Monument shall be permitted only 

17 on the routes displayed on the map entitled 

18 ‘‘Chuckwalla National Monument Estab19 lishment and Joshua Tree National Park 

20 Expansion’’. 

21 (ii) Nothing in clause (i) prevents the 

22 Secretary from closing roads, trails, or 

23 areas to motorized vehicles to protect nat24 ural or cultural resources, or for public 

25 safety. 


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1 (6) GRAZING.—The Secretary shall not estab2 lish any new allotments for livestock grazing that in3 clude any Monument land (whether leased or not 

4 leased for grazing on the date of enactment of this 

5 Act). 

6 (7) EXISTING EASEMENTS AND RIGHTS-OF7 WAY.—Nothing in this Act shall be construed to pre8 clude the renewal or assignment of, or interfere with 

9 the operation, maintenance, replacement, modifica10 tion, upgrade, or access to, existing flood control, 

11 utility, pipeline, and telecommunications facilities; 

12 roads or highway corridors; seismic monitoring fa13 cilities; or other water infrastructure, including wild14 life water developments or water district facilities, 

15 within or adjacent to an existing authorization 

16 boundary. Existing flood control, utility, pipeline, 

17 telecommunications, and seismic monitoring facili18 ties, and other water infrastructure, including wild19 life water developments or water district facilities, 

20 may be expanded, and new facilities of such kind 

21 may be constructed, to the extent consistent with the 

22 proper care and management of the objects identi23 fied above and subject to the Secretary’s authorities 

24 and other applicable law. 


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1 (8) ACQUISITION OF VALID EXISTING

2 RIGHTS.—The Secretary is authorized to acquire 

3 through exchange, donation, or purchase from a will4 ing seller, mining claims or other valid existing 

5 rights within the monument that the Secretary de6 termines, after consultation with the Commission or 

7 a culturally affiliated Tribe, threatens cultural re8 sources within the monument. 

9 (9) WITHDRAWAL.—Subject to valid existing 

10 rights, all Federal land located in the Monument is 

11 withdrawn from— 

12 (A) all forms of entry, appropriation, and 

13 disposal under the public land laws; 

14 (B) location, entry, and patenting under 

15 the mining laws; and 

16 (C) operation of the mineral leasing, min17 eral materials, and geothermal leasing laws. 

18 (10) ADJACENT MANAGEMENT.— 

19 (A) IN GENERAL.—The designation of this 

20 Monument shall not create any protective pe21 rimeter or buffer zone. 

22 (B) ACTIVITIES OUTSIDE THE MONU23 MENT.—The fact that an activity or use on 

24 land outside the Monument can be seen or 

25 heard within the Monument shall not of itself 


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1 preclude the activity or use outside the bound2 ary of the Monument. 

3 (11) MILITARY ACTIVITIES.—Nothing in this 

4 Act precludes— 

5 (A) low-level overflights of military aircraft 

6 over the Monument; 

7 (B) the designation of new units of special 

8 airspace over the Monument; 

9 (C) the use or establishment of military 

10 flight training routes over the Monument; or 

11 (D) the use of Federal lands within the 

12 Monument for off-road or off-trail training pur13 suant to agreements between the Secretary and 

14 the Department of Defense. 

15 (12) TREATY RIGHTS.—Nothing in this Act al16 ters, modifies, enlarges, diminishes, or abrogates the 

17 treaty rights of any Indian tribe, including off-res18 ervation reserved rights. 

19 (13) JURISDICTION OVER FISH AND WILD20 LIFE.— 

21 (A) IN GENERAL.—Nothing in this section 

22 diminishes the jurisdiction of the State with re23 spect to fish and wildlife management, includ24 ing the regulation of fishing and hunting within 

25 the Monument. 


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1 (B) LIMITATIONS.— 

2 (i) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary 

3 may designate by regulation areas in 

4 which, and establish periods during which, 

5 for reasons of public safety, administra6 tion, or compliance with applicable laws, no 

7 hunting, fishing, or trapping will be per8 mitted in the monument. 

9 (ii) CONSULTATION.—Except in emer10 gencies, the Secretary shall consult with 

11 the appropriate State agency before pro12 mulgating regulations under subparagraph 

13 (A) that close a portion of the monument 

14 to hunting, fishing, or trapping. 

15 (14) WILDLIFE WATER DEVELOPMENT

16 PROJECTS.—In accordance with applicable law (in17 cluding regulations), the Secretary may authorize 

18 structures and facilities, including maintenance of 

19 existing structures and facilities, for wildlife water 

20 development projects, including guzzlers, in the 

21 Monument designated by this Act if— 

22 (A) the structures and facilities are nec23 essary to fulfill the purposes of the monument 

24 described in subsection (b); 


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1 (B) the structures and facilities will, as de2 termined by the Secretary, promote healthy, 

3 viable, and more naturally distributed wildlife 

4 populations; and 

5 (C) the visual impacts of the structures 

6 and facilities on the Monument can reasonably 

7 be minimized. 

8 (15) MAP; LEGAL DESCRIPTION.— 

9 (A) IN GENERAL.—As soon as practicable 

10 after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec11 retary shall submit to the Natural Resources 

12 Committee of the House of Representatives and 

13 the Energy and Natural Resources Committee 

14 of the Senate a map and legal description of the 

15 Monument. 

16 (B) CORRECTIONS.—The map and legal 

17 description submitted under paragraph (1) shall 

18 have the same force and effect as if included in 

19 this Act, except that the Secretary may correct 

20 any clerical or typographical errors in the legal 

21 description and the map. 

22 (C) CONFLICT BETWEEN MAP AND LEGAL

23 DESCRIPTION.—In the case of a conflict be24 tween the map and the legal description, the 

25 map shall control. 


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1 (D) AVAILABILITY OF MAP AND LEGAL DE2 SCRIPTION.—Copies of the map and legal de3 scription shall be on file and available for public 

4 inspection in the appropriate offices of the Bu5 reau of Land Management. 

6 (16) NEW RIGHTS-OF-WAY.—Nothing in this 

7 Act prevents the Secretary from approving new 

8 rights-of-way within the monument that the Sec9 retary determines, in consultation with applicable 

10 State and local agencies and Tribes, are consistent 

11 with— 

12 (A) this Act; 

13 (B) applicable laws (including regulations); 

14 (C) the Desert Renewable Energy Con15 servation Plan; 

16 (D) the purposes of the Monument de17 scribed in section 4(b); and 

18 (E) the management plan. 

19 (17) MANAGEMENT PLAN.— 

20 (A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 3 years 

21 after the date of enactment of this Act, the Sec22 retary shall develop a comprehensive plan for 

23 the long-term management of the Monument. 


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1 (B) TRIBAL CONSULTATION.—The Sec2 retary shall consult with culturally affiliated In3 dian Tribes in— 

4 (i) the development of the manage5 ment plan; and 

6 (ii) making management decisions re7 lating to the National Monument. 

8 (C) OTHER CONSULTATION.—In devel9 oping the management plan, the Secretary shall 

10 also consult with— 

11 (i) appropriate State and local govern12 mental entities; 

13 (ii) the advisory council; and 

14 (iii) members of the public. 

15 (D) REQUIREMENTS.—The management 

16 plan shall— 

17 (i) assess opportunities to improve 

18 recreational opportunities within, and ac19 cess to, the Monument in a manner that 

20 conserves, protects, and enhances Monu21 ment resources and furthers the purposes 

22 described in subsection (b); 

23 (ii) incorporate traditional ecological 

24 knowledge; and 


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1 (iii) identify opportunities to interpret 

2 Monument resources for members of the 

3 public. 

4 (E) INCORPORATION OF PLANS.—In devel5 oping the management plan, to the extent con6 sistent with this section, the Secretary may in7 corporate any provision of an applicable land 

8 and resource management plan. 

9 (F) EFFECT.—If there is a conflict be10 tween this section and the Desert Renewable 

11 Energy Conservation Plan, the more restrictive 

12 provision shall control. 

13 (18) WILDFIRE.—In accordance with this Act 

14 and applicable law (including regulations), the Sec15 retary may take any measures within the monument 

16 that the Secretary determines to be necessary to 

17 control fire, insects, and diseases, including, as the 

18 Secretary determines appropriate, the coordination 

19 of those activities with a State or local agency. 

20 (19) INCORPORATION OF ACQUIRED LAND AND

21 INTERESTS.—Any land or interest in land within the 

22 boundary of the Monument that is acquired by the 

23 United States shall— 

24 (A) become part of the Monument; 


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1 (B) be withdrawn in accordance with para2 graph (13); and 

3 (C) be managed in accordance with— 

4 (i) the Federal Land Policy and Man5 agement Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701 et 

6 seq.); 

7 (ii) this section; and 

8 (iii) any other applicable law (includ9 ing regulations). 

Æ 


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