U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Application Technology Research: Wooster, OH
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                                    Software
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    Departments
                        Agricultural Engineering
                                    Entomology
                                    Horticulture
                                    Plant Pathology
                                    IR-4 programSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Midwest Area Wooster, Ohio Application Technology Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Ranger, Christopheritem
                                            Reding, Michael

                                                         - *Mike*item
                                            HERMS, DANIEL - OSUitem
                                            PERSAD, ANAND - DAVEY TREE INSTITUTE
  Submitted to: Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 7/1/2008
                                    Publication  Date: 11/18/2008
                                    Citation: Ranger, C.M., Reding, M.E., Herms, D.A., Persad, A. 2008. Ability of Plant Stress Volatiles to Trigger Attacks by the Nursery-Infesting Black Stem Borer, Xylosandrus germanus. Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting.Available: http://esa.confex.com/esa/2008/webprogram/Paper38015.htmlInterpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Xylosandrus germanus is of Eastern Asia origin and among the most economically important exotic ambrosia beetles in US nurseries. The attractiveness of stress-related volatiles other than ethanol to X. germanus is inconclusive, and such information could improve detection and monitoring programs of ambrosia beetles occupying the nursery agroecosystem.  Research into control tactics has also been hampered by the inability to induce attacks in experimental trees.  Baiting trees with ethanol lures has been unsuccessful for inducing attacks by X. germanus.  To determine the attractiveness of stress-related volatiles to X. germanus, lures were prepared by filling low release vials with solutions of acetaldehyde, acetone, ethanol, ethyl acetate, or methanol.  Bottle traps were then baited with the lures and placed at cooperating nurseries.  Ethanol was determined to be the most attractive stress-related volatile to X. germanus when used as a lure in a bottle trap. Methanol was the second most attractive volatile to X. germanus. Traps baited with ethyl acetate, acetaldehyde, and acetone were not attractive to ambrosia beetles.  To develop a technique for reliably inducing attacks by X. germanus, an Arborjet® Tree I.V. was used to inject solutions of acetaldehyde, acetone, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and methanol into Sweetbay magnolia, Magnolia virginiana L.  Control trees were drilled and plugged, but uninjected.  Experimental trees were then placed at cooperating nurseries.  Injection of M. virginiana with solutions of stress-related volatiles induced immediate attacks by wood-boring beetles.  Ethanol-injection induced the largest number of attacks, while injection of acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate induced significantly higher attacks than methanol or acetone.  No attacks occurred in the uninjected controls. X. germanus was the most predominant Scolytinae that emerged from galleries created in ethanol-injected M. virginiana.  Results from this study demonstrated that ethanol-injection of living trees results in rapid attacks by ambrosia beetles, which subsequently provides an opportunity to screen conventional and reduced-risk insecticides. Rapidly inducing attacks by X. germanus and other Scolytinae in trees injected with stress volatiles, but not in uninjected trees, also shows considerable promise as a trap tree strategy.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov