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Title:   Author  item
                                            BARBER, BRIAN - University Of Minnesotaitem
                                            Rice, Pamelaitem
                                            Hamlin, Jenniferitem
                                            Koskinen, William
  Submitted to: American Chemical Society Abstracts
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 6/16/2009
                                    Publication  Date: 8/15/2009
                                    Citation: Barber, B.L., Rice, P.J., Rittenhouse, J.L., Koskinen, W.C. 2009. Quantification of fungicides in snow-melt runoff from turf: A comparison of four extraction methods [abstract]. American Chemical Society Abstracts. 77:100.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: A variety of pesticides are used to control diverse stressors to turf. These pesticides have a wide range in physical and chemical properties. The objective of this project was to develop an extraction and analysis method for quantification of chlorothalonil and PCNB (pentachloronitrobenzene), two pesticides with dissimilar Kow's, in snow-melt runoff from turf managed as a golf course fairway. The efficiencies of 4 extraction methods were compared: automated SPE with C18 cartridges, C18 sorbent filter disks, stir bars coated with polydimethylsiloxane, and LLE using dichloromethane. Extracts were analyzed using GC-MS. Extraction by automated SPE and LLE resulted in >80% extraction efficiency for both pesticides. Passive extraction using sorbent disks was less efficient, ~70% for PCNB and ~40 % for chlorothalonil. There was negligible sorption onto the sorptive stir bars for both chemicals. In addition to extraction efficiency, cost, time, and ease of use must also be considered when planning for large scale experiments.


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