U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Soil and Water Management Research: St. Paul, MN
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                                    Software
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    CareersSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Midwest Area St. Paul, Minnesota Soil and Water Management Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Rice, Pamelaitem
                                            HORGAN, BRIAN - University Of Minnesotaitem
                                            Hapeman, Cathleenitem
                                            McConnell, Laura
  Submitted to: Book Chapter
                                    Publication Type: Book / Chapter
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 10/22/2010
                                    Publication  Date: 1/20/2011
                                    Citation: Rice, P.J., Horgan, B.P., Hapeman, C.J., McConnell, L.L. 2011. Efficacy of management practices to mitigate the off-site movement and ecological risk of pesticides transported with runoff from agricultural and turf systems. In: Stoytcheva, M., editor. Pesticides - Formulations, Effects, Fate. Rijeka, Croatia:Intech. p. 401-408.Interpretive Summary: Highly managed biotic systems, such as agricultural crops and managed turf, often require multiple applications of pesticides that may be transported with runoff to areas beyond the intended target site. Pesticides have been detected in surface waters of rural and urban watersheds raising questions concerning their source, potential environmental effects and a need for strategies to reduce their inputs. Experiments were designed to quantify pesticides transported with runoff from agricultural plots representing fresh market tomato production and turf plots maintained as a golf course fairway to evaluate the efficacy of management practices to mitigate chemical transport from these systems. Reported runoff-to-surface water scenarios were used to extrapolate pesticide loads in runoff to estimated environmental concentrations of pesticides in surface waters receiving the runoff. Surface water concentrations of the pesticides were compared with published toxicity data to assess reductions in the ecological risk associated with implementation of the management practices. Runoff from tomatoes grown on raised beds covered with polyethylene mulch with bare-soil furrows was found to present a greater risk to sensitive aquatic organisms than the vegetative hairy vetch mulch. In the managed turf system, replacing solid tine core cultivation with hollow tine core cultivation reduced surface water concentrations of the pesticides to levels below the median lethal concentration of sensitive aquatic organisms; lessening risk associated with pesticides in runoff from the fairway turf. Our results demonstrate that management practices can enhance the sustainability of intensely managed biotic systems, which provides growers and managers with strategies for improving the retention and efficacy of pesticides at targeted locations while reducing adverse impacts to non-target organisms.
                                Technical Abstract: Highly managed biotic systems, such as agricultural crops and managed turf, often require multiple applications of pesticides that may be transported with runoff to areas beyond the intended target site. Pesticides have been detected in surface waters of rural and urban watersheds raising questions concerning their source, potential environmental effects and a need for strategies to reduce their inputs. Experiments were designed to quantify pesticides transported with runoff from agricultural plots representing fresh market tomato production and turf plots maintained as a golf course fairway to evaluate the efficacy of management practices to mitigate chemical transport from these systems. Reported runoff-to-surface water scenarios were used to extrapolate pesticide loads in runoff to estimated environmental concentrations of pesticides in surface waters receiving the runoff. Surface water concentrations of the pesticides were compared with published toxicity data to assess reductions in the ecological risk associated with implementation of the management practices. Runoff from tomatoes grown on raised beds covered with polyethylene mulch with bare-soil furrows was found to present a greater risk to sensitive aquatic organisms than the vegetative hairy vetch mulch. In the managed turf system, replacing solid tine core cultivation with hollow tine core cultivation reduced surface water concentrations of the pesticides to levels below the median lethal concentration of sensitive aquatic organisms; lessening risk associated with pesticides in runoff from the fairway turf. Our results demonstrate that management practices can enhance the sustainability of intensely managed biotic systems, which provides growers and managers with strategies for improving the retention and efficacy of pesticides at targeted locations while reducing adverse impacts to non-target organisms.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov