U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 close



Research
                Research Home
                            National Programs
                            Research Projects
                            Scientific Manuscripts
                            International Engagement
                            Scientific Software/Models
                            Databases and Datasets
                            Office of Scientific Quality Review
            Media
                News & Features
                            Multimedia
                            Briefing Room
                            Down on the Farm
                            Press Room
                            Science in Your Shopping Cart
                            Scientific Discoveries
                            Tellus
                            Under the Microscope
            About ARS
                About ARS Home
                            Staff Directory
                            Labs and Research Centers (Map)
                            Headquarter Offices
                            Organizational Chart
                            Employee Services (REE Employees Only)
                            Office of Outreach, Diversity, and Equal Opportunity
            Work With Us
                Work With Us Home
                            ARS Vacancies at USAJOBS
                            Careers at ARS Information
                            Scientific Collaborations
                            Extramural Agreements
                            1890 Faculty Research Sabbatical ProgramSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            WARE, MICHAEL - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)item
                                            AUGUSTINE, SWINBURNE - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)item
                                            ERISMAN, DAVID - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)item
                                            SEE, MARY JEAN - University Of Cincinnatiitem
                                            WYMER, LARRY - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)item
                                            HAYES, SAMUEL - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)item
                                            Dubey, Jitenderitem
                                            VILLEGAS, ERIC - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
  Submitted to: Applied and Environmental Microbiology
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 4/1/2010
                                    Publication  Date: 8/1/2010
                                    Citation: Ware, M.W., Augustine, S.A., Erisman, D.O., See, M., Wymer, L., Hayes, S.L., Dubey, J.P., Villegas, E.N. 2010. Determining Resistance of Toxoplasma gondii Oocysts to UV Disinfection Using Cell Culture and a Mouse Bioassay. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 76:5140-5147.Interpretive Summary: Toxoplasma gondii is a single-celled parasite of all warm-blooded hosts worldwide. It causes mental retardation and loss of vision in children, and abortion in livestock. Cats are the main reservoir of T. gondii because they are the only hosts that can excrete the resistant stage (oocyst) of the parasite in the feces. Humans become infected by eating undercooked meat from infected animals and food and water contaminated with oocysts. This paper reports on methods to kill oocysts in the environment. The results will be of interest to biologists, parasitologists, public health workers, and veterinarians.
                                Technical Abstract: The effect of UV exposure on Toxoplasma gondii oocysts has not been completely defined for use in water disinfection.  This study evaluated irradiated oocysts by three assays: a SCID mouse biassay, an in vitro T. gondii oocyst plaque assay (TOP-assay), and a quantitative reverse-transcriptase real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) assay.  The results from the animal bioassay show that 1 and 3 log10 inactivation is achieved with 4 mJ/cm2 UV and 10 mJ/cm2 UV, respectively; but  4 log10 inactivation is not achieved with even higher UV exposures.  TOP-assay results, but not RT-pPCR results, correlate well with bioassay results.  In conclusion, a 3 log10 inactivation of T. gondii oocysts is achieved by a 10 mJ/cm2 UV, and the in vitro TOP-assay is a promising alternative to the mouse bioassay.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov