U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 close



Research
                Research Home
                            National Programs
                            Research Projects
                            Scientific Manuscripts
                            International Engagement
                            Scientific Software/Models
                            Databases and Datasets
                            Office of Scientific Quality Review
            Media
                News & Features
                            Multimedia
                            Briefing Room
                            Down on the Farm
                            Press Room
                            Science in Your Shopping Cart
                            Scientific Discoveries
                            Tellus
                            Under the Microscope
            About ARS
                About ARS Home
                            Staff Directory
                            Labs and Research Centers (Map)
                            Headquarter Offices
                            Organizational Chart
                            Employee Services (REE Employees Only)
                            Office of Outreach, Diversity, and Equal Opportunity
            Work With Us
                Work With Us Home
                            ARS Vacancies at USAJOBS
                            Careers at ARS Information
                            Scientific Collaborations
                            Extramural Agreements
                            1890 Faculty Research Sabbatical ProgramSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Yu, Qingzhongitem
                                            Estevez, Carlositem
                                            Kapczynski, Darrellitem
                                            Zsak, Laszlo
  Submitted to: Symposium Proceedings
                                    Publication Type: Proceedings
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 8/1/2009
                                    Publication  Date: 10/1/2009
                                    Citation: Yu, Q., Estevez, C., Kapczynski, D.R., Zsak, L. 2009. Generation of recombinant avian metapneumovirus subgroup C (aMPV-C) viruses containing different length of the G gene. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Avian Corona and Pneumoviruses and Complicating Pathogens, June 14-17, 2009, Rauischholzhausen, Germany. p. 315-325.Interpretive Summary: Avian metapneumovirus, known as turkey rhinotracheitis virus, causes upper respiratory tract disease in turkeys and is also associated with swollen head syndrome of chickens, resulting in significant economic losses for the poultry industry worldwide. The glycoprotein G of the virus is believed to play a role in virus growth, virulence and immunity. To study the effects of the G gene length variation on these viral biological properties, we engineered two avian metapneumovirus C viruses with either the full-length G or a truncated short G gene. The biological properties of these two viruses were assessed in cell cultures and in turkeys, the natural host. The results showed that the large deleted portion (about 60%) of the G protein at the C-terminal is not essential for virus growth in cell cultures and in turkeys. The avian metapneumovirus C with the short G became less virulent in turkeys than the parental virus, but still induced immunoresponse that provided a significant protection from the disease. This study provides important information for future improved vaccine development.
                                Technical Abstract: Genetic variation in length of the G gene among different avian metapneumovirus subgroup C isolates has been reported. However, its biological significance in virus replication, pathogenicity and immunity is unknown. In this study, we developed a reverse genetics system for avian metapneumovirus C and generated two Colorado strain-based recombinant viruses containing either the full-length G gene derived from a Canadian goose isolate or a C-terminally truncated G gene of the Colorado strain. The truncated short G gene encodes 252 amino acids, which is 333 amino acids smaller than the full-length G (585 amino acids). The biological properties of these two recombinant G variants were assessed in Vero cells and in specific-pathogen-free turkeys. The results demonstrated that the large portion (333 amino acids) of the extracellular domain of the viral attachment protein is not essential for virus viability both in vitro and in vivo, but may play a role in enhancing virus attachment specificity and immunity in a natural host.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov