NUMBER 13-15-00376-CV

COURT OF APPEALS

THIRTEENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS

CORPUS CHRISTI - EDINBURG

IN THE ESTATE OF RAFAEL FRANCO, SR., DECEASED

On Appeal from the County Court at Law No. 1

of Nueces County, Texas

O R D E R 

Before Chief Justice Valdez and Justices Rodriguez and Garza

Order Per Curiam

Appellant, Javier R. Franco, has filed a pro se motion to abate and requests new 

counsel be appointed. According to appellant’s motion, there has been a breakdown in 

communication and there is a conflict between appellant and his court-appointed counsel. 

A defendant does not have the right to choose his own appointed counsel. Unless 

he waives his right to counsel and elects to proceed pro se, or otherwise shows adequate 

reason for the appointment of new counsel, he is not entitled to discharge his counsel but 
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must accept the counsel appointed by the trial court. Thomas v. State, 550 S.W.2d 64, 

68 (Tex. Crim. App. 1977). Adequate reason for the discharge of counsel and 

appointment of new counsel rests within the sound discretion of the trial court. Carroll v. 

State, 176 S.W.3d 249, 255 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2004, pet. ref'd). 

Furthermore, the trial court is under no duty to search until it finds an attorney acceptable 

to an indigent defendant. Malcom v. State, 628 S.W.2d 790, 791 (Tex. Crim. App. [Panel 

Op.] 1982); see Camacho v. State, 65 S.W.3d 107, 109 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 2000, no 

pet.).

In those circumstances where the appointment of substitute counsel may be an 

issue, an appellate court, when faced with a motion to withdraw, should abate the 

proceeding to the trial court for determination. Without considering the merits of the 

Appellant's pro se motion,1 and to avoid any conflict of interest and further expenditure 

of judicial resources, we consider it prudent to resolve the issue of appointed counsel now 

rather than invite future litigation by a post-conviction collateral attack. See Lerma v. 

State, 679 S.W.2d 488, 493 (Tex. Crim. App. 1982). Thus, we now abate the appeal 

and remand the cause to the trial court for further proceedings consistent with this order.

Upon remand the trial court shall utilize whatever means necessary to determine 

whether appellant’s court-appointed attorney should remain as appellant's counsel; and, 

if not, whether appellant is entitled to new appointed counsel. If the trial court determines 

that there is no reason to discharge appellant’s current appointed attorney and appoint 

 

1 Appellant is represented by counsel and is not entitled to hybrid representation on appeal. See 

Ex Parte Taylor, 36 S.W 3d 883, 887 (Tex. Crim. App. 2001). 
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substitute counsel, the court shall enter an order to that effect. If the trial court 

determines that new counsel should be appointed, the name, address, telephone number, 

email address, and state bar number of newly appointed counsel shall be included in the 

order appointing counsel. The trial court shall further cause its order to be included in a 

supplemental clerk's record to be filed with the Clerk of this Court on or before the 

expiration of thirty days from the date of this order.

It is so ordered.

PER CURIAM

Delivered and filed the 

27th day of May, 2016.