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Title:   Author  item
                                            HASS, BRIAN - BR INST MIT HARV CAMB MAitem
                                            KAMOUN, SOPHIEN - SAINSBURY LAB NORWICH UKitem
                                            ZODY, MICHAEL - BR INST MIT HARV CAMB MAitem
                                            JIANG, RAYS - BR INST MIT HARV CAMB MAitem
                                            HANDSAKER, ROBERT - BR INST MIT HARV CAMB MAitem
                                            CANO, LILIANA - SAINSBURY LAB NORWICH UKitem
                                            GRABHERR, MANFRED - BR INST MIT HARV CAMB MAitem
                                            KODIRA, CHINNAPPA - BR INST MIT HARV CAMB MAitem
                                            RAFFAELE, SYLVAIN - SAINSBURY LAB NORWICH UKitem
                                            TORTO-ALALIBO, TRUDY - SAINSBURY LAB NORWICH UKitem
                                            BOZKURT, TOLGA - SAINSBURY LAB NORWICH UKitem
                                            O'NEILL, KEITH - BR INST MIT HARV CAMB MAitem
                                            AH-FONG, AUDREY - PLNT PATH & MICRO U OF CAitem
                                            ALVARADO, LUCIA - BR INST MIT HARV CAMB MAitem
                                            ANDERSON, VICKY - UNIV ABERDEEN, UKitem
                                            ARMSTRONG, MILES - PL PATH PROG, SCRI, UKitem
                                            AVROVA, ANNA - PL PATH PROG, SCRI, UKitem
                                            BAXTER, LAURA - UNIV WARWICH, UKitem
                                            BENYON, JIM - UNIV WARWICH, UKitem
                                            BOEVINK, PETRA - PL PATH PROG, SCRI, UKitem
                                            BOS, JORUNN - DEPT PLANT PATH, OSUitem
                                            BULONE, VINCENT - RIT ALBANOVA UNIV SWEDENitem
                                            CAI, GUOHONG - PL PATH/PL MIC BIO CORNELitem
                                            CAKIR, CAHID - DEPT PLANT PATH, OSUitem
                                            CARRINGTON, JAMES - DEPT BOT PL PATH OSU ORitem
                                            CHAWNER, MEGAN - BIO DEPT LAFAY COL PAitem
                                            COSTANZO, STEFANO - USDA/ARS, ARitem
                                            FAHLGREN, NOAH - DEPT BOT PL PATH OSU ORitem
                                            FUGELSTAD, JOHANNA - RIT ALBANOVA UNIV SWEDENitem
                                            GILROY, ELEANOR - PL PATH PROG, SCRI, UKitem
                                            GNERRE, SANTE - BR INST MIT HARV CAMB MAitem
                                            GREEN, PAMELA - University Of Delawareitem
                                            GREENVILLE-BRIGGS, LAURA - UNIV ABERDEEN, UKitem
                                            GRIFFITH, JOHN - BIO DEPT LAFAY COL PAitem
                                            GUPTA, SRIDHARA - DEPT P&SS U OF DELitem
                                            HORN, KAROLYN - BIO DEPT LAFAY COL PAitem
                                            HORNER, NEIL - UNIV ABERDEEN, UKitem
                                            HU, CHIA-HUI - DEPT PL PATH NCSU RALEIitem
                                            HUITEMA, EDGAR - DEPT PLANT PATH, OSUitem
                                            JEONG, DONG-HOON - DE BIOTECH INST, DEitem
                                            JONES, ALEXANDRA - SAINSBURY LAB NORWICH UKitem
                                            JONES, JONATHAN - SAINSBURY LAB NORWICH UKitem
                                            Jones, Richarditem
                                            KARISSON, ELINOR - BR INST MIT HARV CAMB MAitem
                                            LAMOUR, KURT - ENT PL PATH UNIV TENNitem
                                            LIU, ZHENYU - DEPT PL PATH WOOSTER OHitem
                                            MA, LIJUN - BR INST MIT HARV CAMB MAitem
                                            MACLEAN, DANIEL - SAINSBURY LAB NORWICH UKitem
                                            MARCUS, CHIBUCOS - INST GENOME SCI, U OF MDitem
                                            MCDONALD, HAYES - BIOCHEM, VANDERBILT, TNitem
                                            MCWALTERS, JESSICA - BIO DEPT LAFAY COL PAitem
                                            MEIJER, HAROLD - WAGENINGEN U NETHERLANDSitem
                                            MORGAN, MORGAN - COL WOOSTER, WOOSTER, OHitem
                                            MORRIS, PAUL - BOWL GR ST U, BOWL GR OHitem
                                            MUNRO, CAROL - UNIV ABERDEEN, UKitem
                                            OSPINA-GIRALDO, MANUEL - BIO DEPT LAFAY COL PAitem
                                            PINZON, ANDRES - LOS ANDES U BOGOTA COLitem
                                            PRITCHARD, LEIGHTON - SCRI, DUNDEE, UKitem
                                            RAMSAHOVE, BERNARD - UNIV EDINBURGH, UKitem
                                            REN, QINHU - VENTER INST ROCKVILLE, MDitem
                                            RESTREPO, SILVIA - LOS ANDES U, BOGOTA, COLitem
                                            ROY, SOURAV - U OF CA, RIVERSIDE CAitem
                                            SADANANDOM, ARI - U OF GLASGOW, GLASGOW UKitem
                                            SAVIDOR, ALON - TAU, TELAVIV, ISRAELitem
                                            SCHORNACK, SEBASTIAN - SAINSBRY LAB NORWICH UKitem
                                            SCHWARTZ, DAVID - U OF WISC-MAD MADISON WIitem
                                            SCHUMANN, ULRIKE - U OF ABERDEEN, ABERDEENitem
                                            SCHWESSINGER, BEN - SAINSBURY LAB NORWICH UKitem
                                            SEYER, LAUREN - LAFAYETTE COL EASTON PAitem
                                            SHARPE, TED - BROAD INST CAMBRIDGE MAitem
                                            SILVAR, CHRISTINA - SAINSBURY LAB NORWICH UKitem
                                            SONG, JING - OSU WOOSTER OHIOitem
                                            STUDHOLME, DAVID - SAINSBURY LAB NORWICH UKitem
                                            SYKES, SEAN - BROAD INST CAMBRIDGE MAitem
                                            VONDERVOORT, PETER - WAGENINGEN U NETHERLANDSitem
                                            VIPAPORN, PHUNTAMART - BGSU BOWLING GREEN OHitem
                                            WAWRA, STEPHAN - U OF ABERDEEN, ABERDEENitem
                                            WEIDE, ROB - WAGENINGEN U NETHERLANDSitem
                                            WIN, JOE - SAINSBURY LAB NORWICH UKitem
                                            YOUNG, CAROLYN - OSU WOOSTER OHIOitem
                                            ZHOU, SHIGUO - U OF W-M MADISON WIitem
                                            FRY, WILLIAM - CORNELL U ITHACA NYitem
                                            MEYERS, BLAKE - DE BIOTECH INST NEWARK DEitem
                                            WEST, PETER - U OF ABERDEEN, ABERDEENitem
                                            RISTAINO, JEAN - NCSU RALEIGH NCitem
                                            GOVERS, FRANCINE - WAGENINGEN U NETHERLANDSitem
                                            BIRTH, PAUL - UNIV OF DUNDEE UKitem
                                            WHISSON, STEPHEN - SCRI DUNDEE UKitem
                                            JUDELSON, HOWARD - U OF CA RIVERSIDE CAitem
                                            NUSBAUM, CHAD - BROAD INST CAMBRIDGE MAitem
                                            Bollmann, Stephanieitem
                                            Grunwald, Niklaus

                                                         - *Nik*
  Submitted to: Nature
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 7/31/2009
                                    Publication  Date: 9/1/2009
                                    Citation: Hass, B., Kamoun, S., Zody, M.C., Jiang, R.H., Handsaker, R.E., Cano, L.M., Grabherr, M., Kodira, C.D., Raffaele, S., Torto-Alalibo, T., Bozkurt, T.O., O'Neill, K.O., Ah-Fong, A.M., Alvarado, L., Anderson, V.L., Armstrong, M., Avrova, A., Baxter, L., Benyon, J., Boevink, P.C., Bos, J.I., Bulone, V., Cai, G., Cakir, C., Carrington, J.C., Chawner, M., Costanzo, S., Fahlgren, N., Fugelstad, J., Gilroy, E.M., Gnerre, S., Green, `.J., Greenville-Briggs, L.J., Griffith, J., Gupta, S., Horn, K., Horner, N.R., Hu, C., Huitema, E., Jeong, D., Jones, A., Jones, J.D., Jones, R.W., Karisson, E., Lamour, K., Liu, Z., Ma, L., Maclean, D., Marcus, C., Mcdonald, H., Mcwalters, J., Meijer, H.J., Morgan, M., Morris, P.F., Munro, C.A., Ospina-Giraldo, M., Pinzon, A., Pritchard, L., Ramsahove, B., Ren, Q., Restrepo, S., Roy, S., Sadanandom, A., Savidor, A., Schornack, S., Schwartz, D.C., Schumann, U.D., Schwessinger, B., Seyer, L., Sharpe, T., Silvar, C., Song, J., Studholme, D.J., Sykes, S., Vondervoort, P.J., Vipaporn, P., Wawra, S., Weide, R., Win, J., Young, C., Zhou, S., Fry, W., Meyers, B.C., West, P.V., Ristaino, J., Govers, F., Birth, P.R., Whisson, S., Judelson, H.S., Nusbaum, C., Bollmann, S.R., Grunwald, N.J. 2009. The genome sequence of the Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans. Nature. 461:393-398.Interpretive Summary: Plants grown as crops provide the world with food. In many countries, food production is concentrated in growing of one or two types of crop plants. When these plants become sick due to infections, they can cause starvation of people relying on these plants. Millions of people died in Ireland during the mid 1800’s when their food crop, potatoes, became sick from a fungus. The fungus still causes damage to world potato crops. The parts of the genetic map of this fungus have been put together in a map to provide directions for possible ways to control this fungus. This information will be valuable for scientists studying control of the fungus, and eventualy for the world populations that rely on potato production as a food source.
                                Technical Abstract: Phytophthora infestans is the most destructive pathogen of potato and a model organism for the oomycetes, a distinct lineage of fungus-like eukaryotes that are related to photosynthetic organisms such as brown algae and diatoms. Here, we report the genome sequence of P. infestans. The ~240 Mb genome is the largest and most complex in the chromalveolate lineage and its expansion results from a proliferation of repetitive DNA that accounts for ~74% of the genome. Comparison to two other Phytophthora genomes revealed rapid turnover and significant expansions in P. infestans genes encoding particular families of secreted proteins, many of which are induced in planta. Most notable among these are host translocated effectors including the RXLR class and a novel family of effectors termed Crinklers, for which we demonstrate function inside plant cells. Crinkler genes exhibit high levels of recombination and encode modular proteins with divergent C-terminal domains. Functional analysis showed that several of these
Crinkler domains triggered cell death and altered immunity when expressed inside plant cells. We conclude that the highly dynamic and expanded genome of P. infestans accounts for its pathogenic success and fast adaptation to host plants.


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