U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Food Animal Environmental Systems Research: Bowling Green, KY
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                                    Software
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    Models & Software
                        Sorption Isotherm Spreadsheets
                                    Annual Phosphorus Loss Estimator (APLE) Model
                                    Modified Arcsine Log Calibration Curve (ALCC)Search small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Midwest Area Bowling Green, Kentucky Food Animal Environmental Systems Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Cook, Kimberly

                                                         - *Kim*item
                                            BRITT, JENKS - Western Kentucky Universityitem
                                            Bolster, Carl
  Submitted to: Veterinary Microbiology
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 8/3/2009
                                    Publication  Date: 1/31/2010
                                    Citation: Cook, K.L., Britt, J., Bolster, C.H. 2010. Survival of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Biofilms on Livestock Watering Trough Materials. Veterinary Microbiology. 141(1):103-109.Interpretive Summary: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) is the causative agent of Johne’s disease, a chronic enteric infection that affects ruminants. Despite the fact that Johne’s disease has been reported worldwide, little research has been done to assess its survival in agricultural environments. The goal of this 365 day study was to evaluate the ability of Map to persist in mixed-community biofilms on coupons composed of common livestock watering trough materials. Map was inoculated into triplicate containers with 32L of trough water and either concrete, plastic, galvanized or stainless steel coupons. High concentrations of Map were detected within the biofilms after three days (around 1 X 10e5 cells per cm2). The time required for a 99% reduction (t99) in biofilm-associated Map cells was very high for galvanized steel and concrete  (1.1 x 106 and 7.5 x 104 days, respectively) and much lower for plastic and stainless steel trough materials (46 and 27 days, respectively). In general, Map concentrations on stainless steel and plastic trough materials were one to two orders of magnitude lower than the concentration on the other trough materials. These results suggest that Map survives well in biofilms present on trough materials. Trough material composition influenced the survival of Map with the lowest survival exhibited on stainless steel, followed by plastic, galvanized steel and concrete.
                                Technical Abstract: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (M. paratuberculosis) is the causative agent of Johne’s disease, a chronic enteric infection that affects ruminants. Despite the ubiquitous occurrence of Mycobacterium sp. in nature and the fact that Johne’s disease has been reported worldwide, little research has been done to assess its survival in agricultural environments. The goal of this 365 day study was to evaluate the ability of M. paratuberculosis to persist in mixed-community biofilms on coupons composed of common livestock watering trough materials. M. paratuberculosis was inoculated into triplicate containers with 32L of trough water and either concrete, plastic, galvanized or stainless steel coupons. The concentration of M. paratuberculosis was determined by using quantitative, real-time PCR to target the IS900 sequence in DNA extracts. High concentrations of M. paratuberculosis were detected within the biofilms after three days (around 1 X 105 cells per cm2). Based on the best-fit slopes, the time required for a 99% reduction (t99) in coupon-associated M. paratuberculosis cells were 1.1 x 106, 7.5 x 104, 46 and 27 days for galvanized steel, concrete, plastic and stainless steel trough materials, respectively. In general, M. paratuberculosis concentrations on stainless steel and plastic trough materials were one to two orders of magnitude lower than the concentration on the other trough materials. These results suggest that M. paratuberculosis survives well in biofilms present on trough materials. Trough material composition influenced the survival of M. paratuberculosis with the lowest survival exhibited on stainless steel, followed by plastic, galvanized steel and concrete.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov