U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Bio-oils Research: Peoria, IL
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    NCAUR Homepage
                    BOR-NCAUR pilot plant facilities
                        Seed pressing and refining equipment
                                    Oil synthesis equipment
                                    Other equipmentSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Midwest Area Peoria, Illinois National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research Bio-oils Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Doll, Kenneth

                                                         - *Ken*item
                                            SHARMA, BRAJENDRA - Pennsylvania State University
  Submitted to: Journal of Surfactants and Detergents
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 4/9/2010
                                    Publication  Date: 12/27/2010
                                    Citation: Doll, K.M., Sharma, B. 2011. Emulsification of chemically modified vegetable oils for lubricant use. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents. 14:131-138.Interpretive Summary: We have successfully formed stable emulsions of chemically modified soybean oil in order to formulate a cheap and effective lubrication fluid.  Emulsion based lubricants are popular in industries, such as metal rolling, because they are predominately water and, therefore, cost effective.  However, getting the lubricating oil and the water to form an effective combination requires emulsifiers to help keep the mixture from forming two separate layers.  Most current metalworking emulsions use petroleum based oil for which there are many available emulsifiers and additive formulations.  However, when a vegetable oil is used, instead of the petroleum based oil, these additive packages can be ineffective.  This report is the first to stabilize epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized ethyl-hexyl soyate, two oils shown to be highly effective lubricants.  In fact, even using a concentration of only 1% oil in water, our formulations can reduce friction to a point comparable to a 100% oil fluid.  This an important step in the formulation of vegetable oil based emulsion lubricants which will benefit lubricant users, such as metal rolling plants, as well as vegetable oil producers and the overall environment.
                                Technical Abstract: Several previously uncharacterized emulsions were studied in this paper, including those made form epoxidized vegetable oils.  A series of different surfactants were studied in order to obtain emulsions suitable for lubrication applications.  The epoxidized oils were found to form stable emulsions in several different surfactant systems, whereas only Brij® 30 and a modified Surfonic® MES 530 were able to stabilize ordinary soybean oil for one week under our test conditions.  Overall, the best surfactants were those with an HLB value slightly above nine.  The droplet size of emulsions made with surfactants formed submicron droplets whereas only droplets of larger diameter were obtained when surfactants were not added.  Finally, a lubrication study was performed showing that even a 1% emulsion of the vegetable oils used in this study can reduce friction nearly as well as using the base oil alone.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov