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Title:   Author  item
                                            Baker, Amyitem
                                            Richt, Juergenitem
                                            Wesley, Ronalditem
                                            Lager, Kelly
  Submitted to: Proceedings of Allen D Leman Swine Conference
                                    Publication Type: Proceedings
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 6/30/2006
                                    Publication  Date: N/A
                                    Citation: N/AInterpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: It is evident from the increasingly identified number of novel subtypes and genetic variants of swine influenza virus that controlling swine flu will only continue to be more dynamic and difficult.  New strategies of vaccine development must be considered to keep up with the ever-evolving influenza virus as well as the hurdle of maternal antibody interference with inactivated vaccines.  Our approach at the National Animal Disease Center (NADC) involves collaboration with diagnosticians and practitioners to maintain a repository of relevant field isolates; establishing a better understanding of the correlation between in vitro cross-reactivity and in vivo cross-protection; the use of reverse genetics to develop attenuated modified live vaccines (MLV); and the use of adenovirus vectored vaccines.  The demonstrated safety and efficacy of the cold-adapted MLV in human medicine has paved the way for investigating MLV in swine medicine.  In addition to the improved protection seen with MLV, it has been shown that strain, route of administration, and use of vaccine additives can play a role in enhancing heterologous protection.  Future studies at the NADC will address each of these areas.  In addition, to more fully understand experimental vaccine efficacy, the cell mediated immunity and humoral immune responses at the systemic and mucosal levels will be evaluated in future animal studies.


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