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Title:   Author  item
                                            HELLIWELL, EMILY - PURDUE UNIV.item
                                            Goodwin, Stephen

                                                         - *Steve*
  Submitted to: Phytopathology
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 6/4/2007
                                    Publication  Date: 5/30/2008
                                    Citation: Helliwell, E., Goodwin, S.B. 2007. Early growth of a nonhost pathogen, Mycosphaerella graminicola, on barley [abstract].  Phytopathology. 98:202Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Mycosphaerella graminicola causes Septoria tritici blotch of wheat, but not barley.  Septoria passerinii causes speckled leaf blotch of barley and is closely related to M. graminicola, but does not infect wheat.  Our goal was to analyze the early growth of M. graminicola during nonhost interactions with barley compared to R-gene and susceptible interactions of barley inoculated with S. passerinii, and R-gene and susceptible interactions of wheat inoculated with M. graminicola.  Trypan blue staining showed that M. graminicola germinates on barley leaves and enters via the stomata similarly to wheat, but fungal growth stagnates shortly after penetration.  Staining with 3,3-diaminobenzidine showed an accumulation of H2O2 around stomatal cells and, later, epidermal cells, indicating a possible hypersensitive response.  Quantitative real-time PCR showed differences in fungal biomass among the interactions.  These data show that M. graminicola penetrates cells and triggers production of reactive oxygen species, providing further evidence for an active defense response of barley to this wheat pathogen.


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