U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Cntr: Stuttgart, AR
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    CareersSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Southeast Area Stuttgart, Arkansas Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Cntr Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications
- IACUC Summary

Title:   Author  item
                                            Straus, David

                                                         - *Dave*item
                                            HOSSAIN, M - CORNELL UNIVERSITYitem
                                            CLARK, T - CORNELL UNIVERSITY
  Submitted to: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 3/11/2008
                                    Publication  Date: 1/28/2009
                                    Citation: Straus, D.L., Hossain, M.M., Clark, T.G. 2009. Copper sulfate toxicity to two isolates of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis relative to alkalinity. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 81(1):31-36.Interpretive Summary: Copper is toxic to all aquatic organisms.  With fish, copper is more toxic in waters that are soft (or have a lot of rainwater in them).  In this study, Ich from two different locations were tested to see if copper was equally toxic to them.  We found that there is a difference between the Arkansas Ich and the Georgia Ich, with the Arkansas Ich being able to tolerate more copper.  We also found that copper is more toxic in softer water, similar to what has been seen with fish.
                                Technical Abstract: Theronts from two different strains of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (AR1 and G5) were exposed to copper sulfate in waters of different total alkalinities and observed for 4 h to determine relative toxicity and kinetics of parasite mortality.  Consistent with the known solubility properties of the metal, copper was significantly more toxic to cells maintained under low (48 mg l-1) compared with high (243 mg l-1) total alkalinity conditions.  This was reflected in both the LC50 values and rates of mortality for both parasite strains; strain differences were also observed.  The AR1 strain was significantly more resistant to copper toxicity than the G5 strain in both high and low alkalinity waters.  In general, these strain differences were more evident under conditions of low stress (i.e., low toxicity/high alkalinity) and suggest that genetic factors are overridden under high stress conditions.  This report establishes a role for alkalinity in the effectiveness of copper sulfate treatment of Ichthyophthiriasis and reveals differences in the susceptibility of parasite populations that are clearly important for control programs.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov