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Title:   Author  item
                                            Kiniry, Jamesitem
                                            Schmer, Martyitem
                                            Vogel, Kennethitem
                                            Mitchell, Robert

                                                         - *Rob*
  Submitted to: BioEnergy Research
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 9/25/2008
                                    Publication  Date: 12/2/2008
                                    Citation: Kiniry, J.R., Schmer, M.R., Vogel, K.P., Mitchell, R. 2008. Switchgrass biomass simulation at diverse sites in the northern Great Plains of the U.S. BioEnergy Research. 1(3-4):259-264.Interpretive Summary: The simulation model named ALMANAC (Agricultural Land Management Alternatives with Numerical Assessment Criteria) model was originally developed and tested in Texas.  This paper describes some testing of ALMANAC for switchgrass simulation in more northerly locations.  The objective of this study was to adjust switchgrass parameters (potential leaf area index and degree days to maturity) for more northern sites and cultivars and to validate the model against switchgrass data from diverse sites in the northern U.S.  Three or four years of measured yield data were used from a total of 10 field sites in North Dakota (ND), South Dakota (SD), and Nebraska (NE).  The model realistically simulated mean annual switchgrass yields.  Mean simulated yields were within 3%, 15%, and 9% of mean measured yields for NE, SD, and ND, respectively.  The ALMANAC model shows promise as a useful tool for switchgrass evaluation and management in the northern Great Plains and in similar regions elsewhere.
                                Technical Abstract: The ALMANAC (Agricultural Land Management Alternatives with Numerical Assessment Criteria) model, originally developed and tested in Texas, needs to be tested for switchgrass simulation in more northerly locations.  The objective of this study was to adjust switchgrass parameters (potential leaf area index (DMLA) and degree days to maturity (PHU)) for more northern sites and cultivars and to validate the model against switchgrass data from diverse sites in the northern Great Plains of the U.S.  Three or four years of measured yield data were used from a total of 10 field sites in North Dakota (ND), South Dakota (SD), and Nebraska (NE).  The model realistically simulated mean annual switchgrass yields.  Mean simulated yields were within 3%, 15%, and 9% of mean measured yields for NE, SD, and ND, respectively.  Sensitivity analysis with temperature and rainfall demonstrated variations in potential yields under different climate change scenarios.  The ALMANAC model shows promise as a useful tool for switchgrass evaluation and management in the northern Great Plains and in similar regions elsewhere.


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