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Title:   Author  item
                                            Waters, Wadeitem
                                            Palmer, Mitchellitem
                                            Nonnecke, Brianitem
                                            Thacker, Tyleritem
                                            CAPINOS SCHERER, CHARLES - UNIV. OF TX MED. BRANCHitem
                                            ESTES, D - UNIV. OF TX MED. BRANCHitem
                                            HEWINSON, R - UK VET. LABORATORIESitem
                                            VORDERMEIER, H - UK VET. LABORATORIESitem
                                            BARNES, S - NOVARTIS RES. FOUNDATIONitem
                                            FEDERE, GLENN - NOVARTIS RES. FOUNDATIONitem
                                            WALKER, JOHN - NOVARTIS RES. FOUNDATIONitem
                                            GLYNNE, RICHARD - NOVARTIS RES. FOUNDATIONitem
                                            HSU, TSUNGDA - HOWARD HUGHES MED. INST.item
                                            WEINRICK, BRIAN - HOWARD HUGHES MED. INST.item
                                            BIERMANN, KAROLIN - HOWARD HUGHES MED. INST.item
                                            LARSEN, MICHELLE - HOWARD HUGHES MED. INST.item
                                            JACOBS, WILLIAM - HOWARD HUGHES MED. INST.
  Submitted to: Vaccine
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 12/16/2008
                                    Publication  Date: 1/9/2009
                                    Citation: Waters, W.R., Palmer, M.V., Nonnecke, B.J., Thacker, T.C., Capinos Scherer, C.F., Estes, D.M., Hewinson, R.G., Vordermeier, H.M., Barnes, S.W., Federe, G.C., Walker, J.R., Glynne, R.J., Hsu, T., Weinrick, B., Biermann, K., Larsen, M.H., Jacobs, W.R. 2009. Efficacy and Immunogenicity of Mycobacterium bovis Delta RD1 against Aerosol M. bovis Infection in Neonatal Calves. Vaccine. 27(8):1201-1209.Interpretive Summary: Despite highly successful eradication efforts in several countries, tuberculosis of cattle remains a serious health concern worldwide. In addition, an outbreak of tuberculosis in white-tailed deer in Michigan and continued importation of tuberculous cattle from Mexico have seriously hindered eradication efforts within the United States. Improved techniques are needed for prevention of tuberculosis in cattle. In this study, a new effective vaccine for the prevention of bovine tuberculosis is described. Knowledge obtained from this study will assist in the control of tuberculosis in cattle.
                                Technical Abstract: An attenuated Mycobacterium bovis RD1 knockout (Delta RD1) vaccine administered to calves at 2 weeks of age provided similar efficacy as M. bovis bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) against low dose, aerosol challenge with virulent M. bovis at 3.5m of age. Approximately 4.5 months after challenge, both Delta RD1- and BCG-vaccinates had reduced tuberculosis (TB)-associated pathology in lungs and lung-associated lymph nodes and M. bovis colonization of tracheobronchial lymph nodes as compared to non-vaccinates. Central memory responses elicited by either Delta RD1 or BCG prior to challenge correlated with reduced pathology. Neither Delta RD1 or BCG elicited IFN-gamma responses to rESAT-6:CFP-10 prior to challenge, an emerging tool for modern TB surveillance programs. The Delta RD1 strain may prove useful for bovine TB vaccine programs, particularly if additional mutations are included to improve safety / immunogenicity.


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