# Patent

## Title
Beverage brewing unit

## Abstract

A beverage machine having a beverage brewing unit for receiving a single-serve capsule and including a capsule holding assembly for holding a capsule in a position during insertion by gravity of the capsule in the brewing unit; and a water injection assembly for at least partially enclosing the capsule and providing water in the capsule. The capsule holding part forms a front part of the unit and is mounted to the capsule injection assembly in a manner to be displaceable along a substantially horizontal path whereas the water injection assembly is located in a rear fixed part of the unit. The beverage machine has an outermost casing. One of these brewing unit assemblies can be moved or telescoped out or through this casing for inserting/removing the ingredient capsule and retracted into the outermost casing for bringing the brewing unit into its capsule extraction configuration.

## Background
This application is a 371 filing of International Patent Application PCT/EP2008/060463 filed Aug. 8, 2008.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a beverage brewing unit using capsules that contain a food ingredient for preparing a beverage or like food. The brewing unit is of simpler conception and of lower cost compared to existing brewing units.
BACKGROUND ART
One problem encountered is the positioning of the capsule in the device and the closing of the latter around the capsule to perform the brewing process. The capsule usually has to be positioned by the user on a capsule support or in a housing, then the device is closed manually or automatically around the capsule.
It is important to correctly position the capsule so that the device closes correctly around the latter and a good seal is thus achieved to ensure good conditions of extraction. Bad positioning may damage the capsule, and thus affect the conditions of extraction. The loading of the capsule must also be easy, without trial and error as to the correct position of the capsule in the device. The loading must also be as rapid as possible and not require excessive manipulations. Hence, devices exist that propose the insertion of the capsule in a vertical plane and the movement of the extraction or infusion parts along a horizontal plane around the capsule. Such systems have the advantages of allowing a loading from the top piggy-bank fashion, and makes for rapid loading. The positioning of the capsule is then taken over by the movement of a movable part that pushes the capsule against another part such as a water heater. However, these devices are complex to produce and are not suitable for low-cost and therefore entry-level coffee machines for the consumer market. They are therefore usually intended for the business market such as restaurants, bars or communities. For example, patent application WO 98/47418 relates to a device for the extraction of pre-measured inserts in which the inserts are inserted vertically and are extracted horizontally. The disadvantage of this device is that it comprises two movable parts for the extraction, which makes the mechanical principle more complicated.
WO 2005/004683 relates to a capsule brewing device comprising: a first part; a second part that can be moved relative to the first part; a housing for the capsule and defining, in a closed position of the movable part against the fixed part, an extraction position of the capsule along an axis in said housing; an insertion and positioning part comprising means for guiding the capsule arranged so as to insert the capsule by gravity and position said capsule in an intermediate position; a drink pouring system; and the second movable part is so arranged and constructed to move the capsule from the intermediate position into the extraction position when the device is closed.
EP 1 721 553 discloses a brewing unit for coffee machines using capsules. The unit has a front part with a beverage outlet and a rear part with a hot water inlet. The front part and the rear part are mounted in-between a pair of facing shoulder guide members. The front part is movable in-between these guide members to be urged against the rear part so as to form with the rear part a brewing chamber for accommodating a capsule to be extracted, whereby an unoccupied volume is left in front of the front member between the guide members within the machine.
EP 1 659 547 relates to a beverage machine for making infusions, in particular, espresso coffee. The machine includes an infusion chamber within a brewing unit that has a movable front part with a return spring and a beverage outlet duct that extends through the assembly's outer housing. The movable front part cooperates with a rear part that is movable within the housing and that can be pushed against the movable front part to compress the return spring whereby the outlet duct slides through the assembly's outer housing. The pod is passed through the external housing to the infusion chamber via a rigid pod feed channel and then the pod is transferred into the infusion chamber by an external bushing on the movable rear part of the brewing unit which is provided with a cam-like path for moving the rear part. This arrangement involves several problems. The pod must be moved during the closure of the brewing chamber and this can cause blocking and it also makes the retaining means of the pod more complex. Moreover, opening and closing the brewing chamber involves simultaneously a linear displacement of the movable rear part within the housing, of the movable front part within the housing and of the outlet duct through the housing which increases the risk of hyper-guiding and jamming or improper alignment of the various parts that linearly move one relative to another. The fluid system comprises a moving assembly which makes the fluid system more complex to assemble. When upon extraction brewing unit is re-opened for removing the pod, pressurized water contained within the infusion chamber may project outside the housing. Furthermore, an unoccupied volume is left within the machine between the front member and the casing when the outlet duct is in its retracted position.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,260,190 and WO 2005/072574 disclose a coffee machine having a removable drawer for positioning a coffee can therein. The drawer can be slid horizontally into the coffee machine and lifted towards a water injection arrangement. WO 2006/023309 discloses a coffee machine with a slidable drawer for the introduction of a coffee cartridge into the machine. The drawer is movable between an open and a closed position and has two cartridge half-shells that are pivotable against each other to form a brewing chamber when the drawer is in the closed position and pivotable apart when the drawer is slid out from the machine. U.S. Pat. No. 6,966,251 discloses a coffee machine having a horizontally slidable drawer for positioning a capsule therein. When slid into the machine, the drawer can be moved upwards towards a fixed capsule cage for form a brewing chamber for a capsule. EP 1 566 126 discloses a coffee machine with a vertical brewing unit for accommodating coffee pods. The brewing unit has a fixed upper part and a movable lower part for holding a pod and that can be pulled up for closing the brewing unit and let down for inserting or removing a pod.
Further brewing units are disclosed in EP 0 730 425, EP 0 862 882, EP 1 219 217, EP 1 480 540, EP 1 635 680, EP 1 669 011, EP 1 774 878, EP 1 776 026, EP 1 893 064, FR 2 424 010, U.S. Pat. No. 3,260,190, U.S. Pat. No. 4,760,774, U.S. Pat. No. 5,531,152, U.S. Pat. No. 7,131,369, U.S. 2005/0106288, U.S. 2006/0102008, WO 2005/002405, WO 2005/016093, WO 2006/005756, WO 2006/066626 and WO 2007/135136.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
One aspect of the present invention relates to a beverage machine having an outermost casing and a brewing unit that comprises a first assembly and a second assembly cooperating together. Each assembly delimits part of a brewing chamber for containing an ingredient capsule. At least one of these assemblies is: movable away from the cooperating assembly into an open position within this beverage machine for forming between these assemblies a passage for inserting into and/or removing from the brewing unit an ingredient capsule; and movable to the cooperating assembly into a closed position for forming the brewing chamber.
In accordance with the invention, one of these assemblies is movable along a straight direction from the closed position to the open position and vice versa. In particular, this assembly is movable along a straight direction in translation or helicoidally. Furthermore, this assembly is movable outwards from the outermost casing and movable inwards into the outermost casing between the open and closed positions, in particular movable in a telescopic manner, e.g. by sliding or passing this assembly within an opening of the outermost casing, outwards and inwards the casing like the cylindrical sections of a telescope.
Furthermore, the invention relates to a beverage machine that comprises: a brewing unit which can be opened and closed for introducing or removing an ingredient capsule, when opened, and for brewing this ingredient when closed; a passage that has an opening and that is arranged for guiding this ingredient capsule from the passage opening into the brewing unit; and a closure member for closing the passage opening when the brewing unit is closed. The closure member is relatively movable, in particular in a relative sliding movement, over the passage opening and generally parallel thereto from: an open relative position in which said ingredient capsule can be passed into the brewing unit via the passage; to a closed relative position, in which the passage opening is closed by the closure member.
The present invention also relates to a brewing unit for an easy insertion of a capsule but of simpler conception, in particular, that requires fewer moving parts, a more direct fluid connection with less need for tubings, a more compact design, a more user-friendly closure actuation and/or which prevents hot water projections when opened upon brewing.
For this, the invention relates to a beverage brewing unit comprising: a capsule holding part for holding a capsule in a position during insertion by gravity of the capsule in the brewing unit; and a water injection assembly for at least partially enclosing the capsule and providing water in the capsule. The capsule holding part forms a front part of the unit and is mounted to the capsule injection assembly in a manner to be displaceable along a substantially horizontal path whereas the water injection assembly is a rear fixed part of the unit.
Other features of the beverage machine and brewing unit of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims.
The invention also relates to a beverage machine comprising a brewing unit as aforementioned.
The invention also relates to the combination of a beverage machine and a single-serve capsule, wherein the capsule comprises a cup and a closing membrane which is sealed on the cup for forming a gastight enclosure containing ground coffee. The membrane of the capsule forms the beverage delivery side of the capsule that is torn in contact with the puncture plate of the machine. Tearing of the membrane of the capsule is typically obtained by the rise in pressure that takes place in the capsule during injection of water in the capsule. The membrane of the capsule is so perforated to provide many small apertures from which the beverage can be released.
Further features and advantages of the invention will appear in the description of the detailed description.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1a and 1b show a beverage machine according to the invention with a brewing unit assembly that is helicoidally extendible out of and retractable into the machine's outermost casing.
FIGS. 2a and 2b show another beverage machine according to the invention with a brewing unit assembly that is translatably telescopable out of and retractable into the machine's outermost casing.
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a brewing unit of the beverage machine of FIGS. 1a and 1b. 
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the brewing unit of FIG. 3 in the capsule insertion mode and of a capsule.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a brewing unit of FIG. 3 in a closure mode of the unit about the capsule and in ready mode for brewing.
FIG. 6 is cross sectional view of the brewing unit of FIGS. 3 to 5.
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a brewing unit of the beverage machine of FIGS. 2a and 2b. 
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the brewing unit of FIG. 7 in the capsule insertion mode.
FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view of the brewing unit of FIG. 8.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a brewing unit of FIG. 7 in a closure mode of the unit about the capsule and in ready mode for brewing.
FIG. 11 is a cross sectional view of the brewing unit of FIG. 10.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
A first embodiment of the invention is now described in relation to FIGS. 1a, 1b and 3 to 6.
FIGS. 1a and 1b show a beverage machine with a main casing 80 and a brewing unit 1 having a helicoidal closure mechanism along a straight line, details of brewing unit 1 being illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 6.
Brewing unit 1 comprises a capsule holding assembly with a beverage outlet 14 forming a first movable assembly 3 and a water injection assembly with a water inlet or line 25 in casing 80 forming a second fixed assembly 2. Each assembly 2, 3 delimits at least part of a brewing chamber 7′ for containing an ingredient capsule 9.
In a variation, the capsule injection assembly may be movable and the capsule holding assembly may be fixed or movable.
Holding assembly 3 has a tubular cover 11 and is movable away from the cooperating injection assembly 2 into an open position within the beverage machine for forming between assemblies 2, 3 a passage 4 for inserting into and/or removing from the brewing unit 1 an ingredient capsule 9. Furthermore, holding assembly 3 is movable to the injection assembly 2 into a closed position for forming brewing chamber 7′.
In accordance with the invention, holding assembly 3 is movable with its tubular cover 11 helicoidally along a straight direction 3′ from the closed position to the open position and vice versa. Holding assembly 3 has an outer part that is arranged to be hand-held for being driven directly by hand to and from injection assembly 2, inwards and outwards the outermost casing 80. For this purpose, outlet 14 protrudes out from tubular cover 11 so as to form a gripping means for safe holding by a human hand, in order to facilitate turning and driving by hand of holding assembly 3.
Brewing unit 1 is located in a top part of casing 80 above a lower part 85 thereof, typically delimiting a cavity which can be used for a water reservoir and/or a used capsule collector. As shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b, the holding assembly 3 is located and movable adjacent the upper front edge of casing 80. Holding assembly 3 is movable outwards from a front part of casing 80 to an outermost position (FIG. 1a) for inserting capsule 9 and inwards to an innermost position (FIG. 1b) for brewing inserted capsule 9 within capsule chamber 7′. Holding assembly 3 has an outer face 11′ that is brought into a position substantially adjacent and coplanar with an outer face 82 of outermost casing 80, which simplifies wiping or cleaning of the outer surface of the beverage machine about telescopable assembly 3.
Similarly, it is also contemplated, as variations, to provide an assembly of the brewing unit that is retractable upright in a top part of the beverage machine, laterally on a side of the beverage machine or in a rear part of the machine.
A passage 4 is provided for the insertion of capsule 9 into brewing unit 1. When brewing unit 1 is open, i.e. when holding assembly 3 is in its outermost position, passage 4 is formed between spaced apart holding assembly 3 and injection assembly 2 through tubular cover 11 and permits the insertion of capsule 9 into brewing unit 1 via an opening 4′ of passage 4. When brewing unit 1 is closed, i.e. when holding assembly 3 is moved to its innermost or retracted position, opening 4′ is helicoidally displaced in a direction transverse to the direction 9′ of introduction of capsules 9 into passage 4. Opening 4′ indicated in doted lines in FIG. 1b, is then entirely hidden under a plate-like edge part that forms a closure part 81 of casing 80 for closing passage opening 4′. Casing 80 and tubular cover 11 have generally flat, slightly arched, corresponding matching surfaces so that passage opening 4′, in its helicoidal movement, slides under edge part 81 parallelly thereto.
In a variation it is of course possible to provide a movable closure part that is displaced relative to a movable or fixed passage opening.
By providing such a sliding closure mechanism of the capsule insertion passage 9, instead of a hinged prior art cover-like closure, safety of the beverage machine is increased. Indeed, even when brewing unit 1 is opened so as to allow the escape from chamber 7′ of pressurised fluid into passage 4 substantially along the direction 9′ of introduction of capsules 9, possible hot liquid projections at reopening of brewing unit 1 are safely contained within passage 9 under cover 81 until depressurisation so that the user will not be exposed to such projections. In the closed configuration of passage opening 4′, the closure part may slightly extend, e.g. up to a few millimeters, such as 0.5 to 5 mm or 1 to 3 mm, over the edge of opening 4′ to increase the protection against liquid and/or vapour projections at re-opening of brewing chamber 7′ and slightly delay actual uncovering of passage 4 at opening.
This is for example illustrated in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2b and discussed below, in which the edge of passage opening 22′ is retracted under cover part 81 by a short distance beyond the edge of casing 80.
The brewing unit 1 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1a, 1b and 3 to 6 is of a rotary type. As illustrated in greater details in FIGS. 3 to 6, it comprises a water injection assembly 2 and a capsule holding assembly 3. The capsule holding assembly 3 is mounted onto the water injection assembly 2 according to a relationship of helical or spiral movement.
In the mode of FIG. 4, the capsule holding assembly 3 is positioned with a capsule passage 4 being oriented upwardly to receive a capsule therethrough via its opening 4′ along direction 9′ under the effect of gravity. The holding part 2 represents the front part of the brewing unit 1 and has a beverage delivery duct 14 for guiding the beverage to the receptacle. As discussed above, this front part may be helically drawn out and moved back into the machine's casing 80.
In FIG. 3, brewing 1 unit is illustrated in an exploded view in which water injection assembly 2 comprises a heater 5 which is placed in direct fluid connection with a guide support 6 and a capsule cage 7. The heater may be a thermoblock as known per se. The capsule cage 7 has typically the form of a cup to enclose the capsule in closure with the capsule holding assembly 3. The capsule cage 7 is inserted in a cylindrical housing 8 of the guide support as also apparent in FIG. 6. Sealing means 70 may be provided to ensure a watertight connection between the cage 7 and the guide support 6. A water line 25 is provided through the water injection assembly to transport water in the capsule cage. The capsule cage also possesses opening members such as blades 10 to pierce the capsule for enabling water to be introduced into the capsule. The cage 7 is therefore also slightly moveable by the effect of the water pressure relatively to the cylindrical housing 8. The cage acts as a piston to increase the tightness at the edge of the capsule and the puncturing plate 13. The capsule may comprise a small sealing member at its edge, e.g., an annular rubber joint, for improving the tightness and facilitating the removal of the capsule from the capsule cage.
Hence, brewing unit 1 comprises capsule opening means, such as blades 10, located in the brewing chamber 7′ and arranged to open capsule 9 by penetration thereof in straight direction 3′, in particular by closing the holding assembly 3 along straight direction 3′ and thereby urging the capsule against the capsule opening means in the closure movement of assembly 3.
A system comprising a piston-type brewing chamber and a capsule with its own sealing member is described in WO 2008/037642.
The capsule holding assembly 3 comprises a general tubular cover 11 that fits onto an internal capsule holding element 12. The element 12 comprises an internal housing for receiving the puncturing plate 13 therein. The cover 11 and capsule holding element 12 are associated in a fixed relationship by any suitable connection such as welding or tight mechanical fitting. The puncturing plate 13 is also fixed inside the element 12. An opening structure is formed at the surface of the plate such as a series of puncturing reliefs. This structure serves to tear a foil member of the capsule (not shown) to enable the beverage delivery of the capsule after a certain delay corresponding to a rise in pressure in the capsule. The delay for opening the capsule can be controlled by different parameters such as the thickness and material of the foil member of the capsule, the shape and number of reliefs, the static pressure of the pump, etc. Of course, the brewing unit could be based on a different brewing principle. For instance, the opening plate could be omitted, or placed in the capsule itself, or replaced by a simple filter plate.
In FIG. 4, a single-serve capsule 9 can be manually inserted in the passage 16 of the brewing unit. The capsule has a cup-shaped body 91 and a puncturable membrane 90 that seals the body in a gastight manner. The capsule extends radially by an annular rim 92 which is guided during its insertion by lateral slits 26 provided in the passage 4. The membrane 90 of the capsule is so placed in contact with the puncture plate 13 at the closure of the brewing unit, i.e., when the front assembly 3 is rotated in direction A and the capsule cage is pushed in closure on the plate. During closure, the upper side 93 of the body of the capsule is pierced by the piercing elements 10 to allow water to be injected in the capsule. The rim 92 of the capsule is also pinched by both the edge of the capsule cage 7 and the puncture plate 13 in a watertight manner. The watertight closure must resist high water pressure, i.e., at least 10 bar, in the capsule cage. During brewing, water is injected by a high pressure pump (not shown) in the capsule. A pressure in the capsule is established that leads to the puncturing of the membrane against the puncture plate. The puncture operation can be delayed more or less depending, in particular, on the capsule and puncture plate designs. Once the capsule is pierced, beverage can be released from the capsule through the perforation, through the puncture plate (which has small channels/holes). The beverage is collected and drained via the collecting duct 19 leading into outlet duct 14 of tubular cover 11.
The capsule itself can be made of aluminium and/or plastic. It can contain ground coffee or other food ingredients.
As apparent in FIG. 6, the assembly of the cover 11 and capsule holding element 12 enables to delimit a front internal volume serving as a receiver 140 for the brewed liquid. This receiver may constitute an intermediate chamber for preserving the foam and slowing down the liquid before it exits through the delivery duct 14.
The connection of the capsule holding assembly 3 and the water injection assembly 2 is carried out by a helical connection means. More particularly, the capsule holding element 12 has a pair of spiral or helicoidal guiding slots 16 into which are engaged a pair of radial pins 17 of the guide support 6. Therefore, in the mode of FIG. 3, the capsule holding assembly 3 and the water injection assembly 2 are spaced apart relatively one another with the capsule passage being positioned at the top for enabling the capsule to be inserted simply by gravity fall. After insertion, the capsule is maintained in the capsule holding assembly in position in front of the plate 13 before closure.
Hence, the brewing unit of the invention may be associated with retaining means, such as bumps optionally formed in capsule guiding slots of the brewing unit, for retaining the ingredient capsule between the assemblies when the assemblies are in their open position. The retaining means are optionally part of or movable with the assembly that is movable outwards from and inwards into the outermost casing, as for example shown in the embodiments of in the Figures.
Detailed embodiments of the manner by which the capsule can be retained in the brewing unit in position before closure are for example described in WO 2005/004683. In order to close the unit about the capsule and retract assembly 3 into casing 80, the front assembly 3 is rotated manually in clockwise direction A as illustrated in FIG. 4 to the closure position of FIG. 5. The closure position is obtained, for instance, by a quarter of turn or by a longer angular movement eventually depending on the geometry of the guiding means 16, 17. As the front assembly 3 is turned, it also moves rearward, in direction B, in a helical path by the pins 17 that are guided along the slots 16. Therefore, the beverage delivery duct 14 moves from a side position of FIG. 1 to a downward position of FIG. 3. The final closure position is shown in FIG. 4 in which the capsule cage 7 exerts a tight closure pressure on the edge 18 of the puncturing plate 13 while preferentially also pinching a rim or seal of the capsule.
It should be noticed that the manual action of the front capsule holding assembly could be replaced by motorized action if a motor is integrated to the design of the brewing unit.
FIGS. 2a, 2b and 7 to 11, in which the same numeric references generally designate the same elements, show a beverage machine with a main casing 80 and a brewing unit 1 having a translational closure mechanism along a straight line 3′ in a telescopic manner.
Brewing unit 1 comprises a capsule holding assembly with a beverage outlet 14 forming a first movable assembly 3 and a water injection assembly with a water inlet or line 25 in casing 80 forming a second fixed assembly 2. Each assembly 2, 3 delimits at least part of a brewing chamber 7′ for containing an ingredient capsule 9. In a variation, the capsule injection assembly may be movable and the capsule holding assembly may be fixed or movable.
Holding assembly 3 has a tubular cover 11 and is movable away from the cooperating injection assembly 2 into an open position, as shown in FIG. 2a, within the beverage machine for forming between assemblies 2, 3 a passage 22 for inserting into and/or removing from the brewing unit 1 an ingredient capsule 9. Furthermore, holding assembly 3 is movable to the injection assembly 2 into a closed position, as shown in FIG. 2b, for forming brewing chamber 7′ that is sealed around capsule 9 in the brewing position. Moreover, holding assembly 3 has an outer face 11′ that is brought into a position substantially adjacent and coplanar with an outer face 82 of outermost casing 80.
In accordance with the invention, holding assembly 3 is movable with its tubular cover 11 in translation along a straight direction 3′ from the closed position to the open position and vice versa.
As discussed below, beverage machine has a handle 30 for driving the holding assembly in and out from casing 80. However, like in the previous helicoidal closure embodiment it is possible to provide an assembly that can be hand-held for being driven directly by hand to and from the injection assembly, inwards and outwards the outermost casing. For example, the movable assembly can be arranged as a spring loaded push assembly that can be moved by hand, similarly to a telescopic retractable ball-point pen, and that can be telescopically moved back and forth between the open and the closed position in which the brewing chamber is water-tightly sealed around the capsule for its extraction.
A passage 22 is provided for the insertion of capsule 9 into brewing unit 1. As shown in FIG. 2a, when brewing unit 1 is open, i.e. when holding assembly 3 is in its outermost position, passage 22 formed between spaced apart holding assembly 3 and injection assembly 2 through tubular cover 11 permits insertion of capsule 9 into brewing unit 1 via an opening 22′ of passage 22. When brewing unit 1 is closed, i.e. when holding assembly 3 is moved to its innermost or retracted position, opening 22′ is displaced in translation in a direction 3′ transverse to the direction 9′ of introduction of capsules 9 into passage 22. Opening 22′, indicated in doted lines in FIG. 2b, is then entirely hidden under a plate-like edge part that forms a closure part 81 of casing 80 for closing passage opening 22′. Casing 80 and tubular cover 11 have generally flat, slightly arched, corresponding matching surfaces so that passage opening 22′, in its translational movement, slides under closure part 81 parallelly thereto.
FIGS. 7 to 11 illustrate in greater details brewing unit 1 of the exemplary beverage machine of the invention shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b. Brewing unit 1, shown without its tubular cover 11, comprises, in a way similar to the previous embodiment, a water injection assembly 2 and a capsule holding assembly 3. The water injection assembly comprises a heater 5, e.g., a thermoblock, which is placed in direct fluid connection with a guide support 6 and a capsule cage 7. The capsule cage 7 has typically the form of a cup to enclose the capsule in closure with the capsule holding assembly 3. The capsule cage 7 is inserted in a cylindrical housing 8 of the guide support. Sealing means 70 may be provided to ensure a watertight connection between the cage 7 and the guide support 6. A water line 25 is provided through the water injection assembly to guide water in the capsule cage. The capsule cage also possesses opening members such as blades 10 to pierce the capsule for enabling water to be introduced into the capsule.
The brewing unit further comprises a capsule handling assembly 3 which comprises a main body portion 15 including an upper passage 22 for inserting the capsule in a capsule cage 7. A puncturing plate 13 is lodged inside and in the bottom of the housing. On the front side of the body portion 15 is provided a beverage delivery duct 19 for delivering the beverage from the capsule cage 7 through the puncturing plate 13 to a receptacle (e.g., a cup) via outlet duct 14 of tubular cover 11.
The water injection assembly 2 is mounted in the capsule handling assembly 3 in a linearly moveable fashion via two lateral pins 20, 21 placed on each side of the guide support 6 which respectively engage a pair of guiding slots 221, 222 provided on the side of the handling assembly 3. The pins 20, 21 are directly linked to a lever assembly 30, 31, 32. The lever assembly is axially connected along a transversal axis 34 to the pins 20, 21. The lever assembly has a U-shaped lever 30 and two guiding rods 31, 32 connected along axis 34. The rods prolong the lever beyond the axis 34 in a linear direction with small interior pins 35, 36 which slide along downward extensions 23, 24 of the slots.
FIGS. 8 and 9 show the brewing unit in open configuration with the lever 30 placed upwards. In this position, the two assemblies are distant for leaving a large gap 40 enabling insertion and placement of the capsule. The capsule is retained by lateral bumps 41 formed in vertical slots 42 adapted for guiding the rim of the capsule in its vertical fall. Closure of the brewing unit is obtained by handling and pulling the lever down in the position of FIG. 10. This result in the guiding support 6 being pulled via the pins 20, 21 and in placing the capsule cage 7 in tight contact pressure of its annular free edge 73 against the puncturing plate 13. In this embodiment also, the water injection assembly is preferably fixed whereas the front capsule handling assembly is mobile and moved backwards to the water injection assembly. It can be noticed that the body portion 15 may comprise external guiding pins 71, 72 which may engage an outer casing (not shown) of the machine to which the brewing unit can fit in.
In an alternative, the water injection assembly could be mobile and the front part be fixed.
Hence, the beverage machine has an outermost casing and one of its brewing unit assemblies 2, 3 can be moved or telescoped out or through casing 80 for inserting/removing an ingredient capsule 9 and can be retracted into outermost casing 80 for bringing brewing unit 1 into its capsule extraction or brewing configuration.
The brewing machine of the invention is of a particularly simple conception with fewer components. In a particular embodiment, the fluidic system is fixed in the machine whereas the beverage collecting system is mobile for closure. An advantage is that the fluidic system can be made more compact so that the heat loss is reduced and the manufacturing of the machine is simplified. For example, the heater can remain static compared to existing brewing units in which the heater moves with the injection head.
By retracting holding assembly 3, as a block, into casing 80, the overall length is reduced so as to gain space in front of the beverage machine when the holding assembly 3 is in its retracted position within the casing. This contrasts with prior art sliding brewing units, e.g. as disclosed in the abovementioned EP 1 659 547 and EP 1 721 553, in which these blocks forming the brewing unit move entirely inside the machine's outermost casing, which thus requires an extra volume within the casing for allowing such internal movements. The volume gain and simplification of the brewing unit mechanism is also improved by providing a closure mechanism that operates in a straight line so as to avoid unoccupied volume within the machine in its retracted configuration. Such unoccupied volumes occur in retracted prior art machines which require a change of direction of the moving assembly within the machine's outermost casing, e.g. a horizontal capsule drawer that is combined with a vertical elevator-type system for bringing the drawer with the capsule into the brewing position within the machine as for example disclosed in the abovementioned U.S. Pat. No. 3,260,190 and WO 2005/072574.

## Claims

1. A beverage machine having an outermost casing and a brewing unit, wherein the brewing unit comprises:
a first assembly and a second assembly cooperating together, with each assembly delimiting at least part of a brewing chamber, wherein the brewing chamber is configured for holding therein an ingredient capsule having an annular rim;
wherein the second assembly is configured for injecting water into the ingredient capsule during brewing;
wherein the first or second assembly is movable relative to the other along a straight direction from the closed position to the open position and vice versa, whereby the first assembly is movable outwards from the outermost casing and movable inwards into the outermost casing between the open and closed positions;
wherein a passage is provided with lateral slits or slots for guiding the annular capsule rim during insertion into the first assembly when in the open position; and
wherein the brewing unit is associated with retaining means for retaining the capsule between the first and second assemblies when in the open position.

2. The beverage machine of claim 1, wherein the first assembly is movable away from the second assembly into an open position for forming between the first and second assemblies a gap for receiving the capsule when the ingredient capsule is inserted into the passage and lateral slits or slots of the brewing unit, and movable towards the injecting assembly into a closed position for forming the brewing chamber containing the ingredient capsule, and wherein the retaining means comprises bumps, which are part of or movable with the first assembly.

3. The beverage machine of claim 1, wherein the passage and lateral slits or slots are vertical at least when in the open position for guiding the capsule rim into the brewing chamber under the force of gravity.

4. The beverage machine of claim 1, wherein the second assembly comprises a capsule cage.

5. The beverage machine of claim 4, wherein:
the second assembly further comprises a cylindrical housing for receiving the capsule cage when inserted therein, the capsule cage being slightly movable relatively to the cylindrical housing under water pressure, and
the brewing unit further comprises an opening-, puncturing-, or filter-plate, wherein an edge of the capsule cage and of the opening-, puncturing-, or filter-plate are arranged to pinch the capsule rim in a water tight manner.

6. The beverage machine of claim 4, wherein the capsule cage has the form of a cup to enclose the capsule in closure with the first assembly.

7. The beverage machine of claim 4, which further comprises an opening means, wherein the opening means comprises piercing elements or blades to pierce the capsule to enable water to be introduced therein, when closing the assembly.

8. The beverage machine of claim 7, wherein the opening means is arranged to open the capsule by closing the assembly holding the capsule so as to urge the capsule against the opening means.

9. The beverage machine of claim 1, wherein the second assembly is movable with respect to the first assembly for moving into the closed position for forming the brewing chamber sealed around the capsule.

10. The beverage machine of claim 1, wherein the capsule has a cup-shaped body and a puncturable membrane that seals the body in a gastight manner, with the brewing unit comprising a puncturing plate for puncturing the puncturable membrane by injecting water under pressure by a pump into the capsule that leads to the puncturing of the membrane against the puncturing plate.

11. The beverage machine of claim 1, which further comprises a handle or motor for driving the first assembly in and out of the casing or wherein the first assembly has an outer part that is arranged to be hand-held for being driven directly by hand to and from the second assembly.

12. The beverage machine of claim 1, wherein the casing has a top part in which the brewing unit is located and a lower part delimiting a cavity which forms a used capsule collector.

13. The beverage machine of claim 1, wherein the second assembly comprises a water heater, a guide support comprising a cylindrical housing and a capsule cage inserted in the cylindrical housing, with the heater being in direct fluid connection with the guide support and the capsule cage, and with the capsule cage being movable relatively to the cylindrical housing under water pressure, and with the guide support optionally being mounted on or received in the heater.

14. The beverage machine of claim 13, wherein the first assembly comprises a tubular cover fitting onto an internal capsule holding element, with the capsule holding element having a pair of helicoidal guiding slots into which are engaged a pair of radial pins from the guide support of the second assembly.

15. The beverage machine of claim 13, wherein the second assembly is mounted in the first assembly in a linearly moveable fashion via two lateral pins placed on each side of the guide support which respectively engage a pair of guiding slots provided on the side of the first assembly.

16. The beverage machine of claim 15, which further comprises a lever assembly comprising a U-shaped lever and two guide rods connected together;
wherein the lateral pins are directly linked to the lever assembly;
wherein the lever assembly is axially connected along a transversal axis to the pins; and
wherein the rods prolong the lever beyond the axis in a linear direction with small interior pins which slide along downward extensions of the slots.

17. The beverage machine of claim 1, wherein the lateral slits or slots are arranged for guiding the annular capsule rim during insertion by gravity, with the first assembly forming a front part of the brewing unit and being mounted to the water injection assembly in a manner that allows it to be displaceable along a substantially horizontal path, and the second assembly is provided as a fixed part of the brewing unit.

18. A combination of a beverage machine as defined in claim 1 and an ingredient capsule having an annular rim.

19. The combination of claim 18, wherein the capsule has a cup-shaped body.

20. The combination of claim 18, wherein the capsule is made of aluminium or plastic.

21. The combination of claim 18, wherein the capsule contains ground coffee or other food ingredients.