U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Western Human Nutrition Research Center: Davis, CA
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    Laboratories
                        Allen Group
                                    Bennett Group
                                    Stephensen Group
                                    Human Studies
                                    Metabolic Kitchen
                                    Huang Group
                                    Kable Group
                                    Keim Group
                                    Laugero Group
                                    Newman Group
                                    Lemay Group
                                    Support Staff
                    About Us
                        HistorySearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Pacific West Area Davis, California Western Human Nutrition Research Center Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications
- Charles Stephensen
- Charles Stephensen
- Brian Bennett
- Ellen Bonnel
- Yuriko Adkins
- Lindsay Allen
- Bess Caswell
- Liping Huang
- Mary Kable
- Nancy Keim
- Kevin Laugero
- Danielle Lemay
- John Newman
- Ryan Snodgrass
- Zeynep Alkan
- Allyson Deimeke
- Rashel (Shelly) DeCant
- Nicholas Esparza
- Steven Nguyen
- Erik Gertz
- Daniela Hampel
- Shurong Huang
- Xiaowen Jiang
- James Gomez
- Setti Shahab-Ferdows
- Debra Standridge
- Dave Storms

Title:   Author  item
                                            TOWNSEND, MARILYN - UC-DAVIS FACULTYitem
                                            SILVA, KATHRYN - UC-DAVIS FACULTYitem
                                            Follett, Jenniferitem
                                            Keim, Nancyitem
                                            MARTIN, ANNA - UC, COOPERATIVE EXTENSIONitem
                                            METZ, DIANE - UC, COOPERATIVE EXTENSIONitem
                                            SWANSON-WOOTEN, PATTI - UC, COOPERATIVE EXTENSIONitem
                                            SUGARMAN, SHARON - CALIF. DEPT. HEALTH SERV.
  Submitted to: Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 7/1/2005
                                    Publication  Date: 7/1/2005
                                    Citation: Townsend, M.S., Silva, K., Follett, J.R., Keim, N.L., Martin, A.C., Metz, D.L., Swanson-Wooten, P.C., Sugarman, S.B. Visually enhanced evaluation for low-income clients. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior. 2005; vol.37 Suppl 1:S49Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Many clients in low-income, community education programs have literacy problems, thereby making a text-only evaluation instrument difficult to use. There is a need for visually enhanced evaluation tools. Using a 16-item food behavior checklist (FBC) previously shown to be reliable, valid and sensitive to change, we tested a series of formats and visuals (photographs and line drawings) to determine the best evaluation instrument for Food Stamp clients. A systematic process consisting of 3 levels of review was developed for the comparison of potential formats and visuals. Level I: research and academic program professionals. Level II: community-based paraprofessionals in the Food Stamp and the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Programs. Level III: Food Stamps clients. Using cognitive interviewing procedures, Food Stamp clients described their preferences for the visuals. Clients were asked how the proposed visuals could be made to be more understandable to their peers. Generally, level I and II reviews resulted in more complex visuals for each of the 16 FBC items than the previous however, the cognitive testing of Food Stamp clients revealed the need for less detail in the visuals. This systematic process produced an evaluation tool containing 16 visually enhanced items in a 4-page color booklet in which the items are easier to understand than the text-only version. Funding provided by the California Public Health Institute, the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program, and the University of California Cooperative Extension.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov