Exhibit 31.1








|1. | Based
on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or
omit  to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the
circumstances under  which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the
period covered by this report;
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|2. | Based
on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in
this  report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of
operations and cash  flows of the small business issuer as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report;
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|3. | The
small business issuers other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for
establishing and  maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(e) and  15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and  15d-15(f)) for the small business issuer and
have:
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| | a. | Designed
such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and
procedures  to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information
relating to the small  business issuer, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made
known to us by others within  those entities, particularly during the period in which
this report is being prepared;
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| | b. | Designed
such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over
financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements  for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles;
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| | c. | Evaluated
the effectiveness of the small business issuers disclosure controls and procedures
and  presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure
controls and  procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on
such evaluation; and
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| | d. | Disclosed
in this report any change in the small business issuers internal control over
financial  reporting that occurred during the small business issuers most recent
fiscal quarter (the  small business issuers fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an
annual report) that has  materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially
affect, the small business issuers  internal control over financial reporting; and
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|4. | The
small business issuers other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on
our most  recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the small
business issuers auditors  and the audit committee of the small business issuers
board of directors (or persons performing the  equivalent functions):
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| | a. | All
significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal
control  over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the
small business  issuers ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and
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| | b. | Any
fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a
significant role in the small business issuers internal control over financial
reporting.
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/s/ John G. Murphy