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Title:   Author  item
                                            Genovese, Kenneth

                                                         - *Ken*item
                                            He, Louisitem
                                            McReynolds, Jacksonitem
                                            Swaggerty, Christina

                                                         - *Christi*item
                                            Nisbet, Daviditem
                                            Kogut, Michael

                                                         - *Mike*
  Submitted to: Society for Leukocyte Biology  Meetings   Proceedings
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 6/18/2007
                                    Publication  Date: 10/11/2007
                                    Citation: Genovese, K.J., He, H., McReynolds, J.L., Swaggerty, C.L., Nisbet, D.J., Kogut, M.H. 2007. Salmonella induces SRC protein tyrosine kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and NF-kappaBp65 signaling pathways in commercial and wild-type turkey leukocytes [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Society for Leukocyte Biology, October 11-13, 2007, Cambridge, Massachusetts. p. 58.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Previous studies comparing signaling in wild-type turkey (WT) leukocytes and commercial turkey (CT) leukocytes found that the activity of protein tyrosine kinases and MAP kinases, ERK 1/2 and  p38, were significantly higher in WT leukocytes compared to CT lines upon exposure to both SE and OPSE on days 4 and 7 post-hatch.  In the present study, leukocytes were isolated from 4 and 7 day-old turkey poults (commercial Lines A and C; WT).  Leukocytes were exposed to Salmonella enteritidis (SE) and opsonized SE (OPSE).  After exposure to SE or OPSE, SRC, JNK, and NF-kappaBp65 signaling activity in turkey leukocytes were compared using commercially available ELISA.  JNK activity in Lines A, C, and WT leukocytes were similar, except on day 4 post-hatch where Line C had higher JNK activity than did the WT and Line A. SRC activity was higher in all Lines on day 7 post- hatch and was similar between all Lines on day 4.  On day 4 post-hatch, WT turkey leukocytes had higher levels of nuclear NF-'B compared to CT lines.  On day 7 post-hatch, nuclear levels of NF-kappaB were similar between all lines of turkeys.  The data presented here, in combination with previous signaling and functional studies, indicates that wild- type turkeys have more effective innate immune mechanisms than do commercial turkeys, although not all parameters of functionality are dissimilar.  These studies help to form the basis for further investigations of the commercial turkey immune system and subsequent development of genetic and/or modulation strategies to improve immune deficiencies in commercial turkeys and reduce disease and carriage of food- borne pathogens.


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