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ARS Home Northeast Area Geneva, New York Plant Genetic Resources Unit (PGRU) Research Publications at this Location





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Title:   Author  item
                                            RUSSO, NICOLE - CORNELL UNIVERSITYitem
                                            ROBINSON, TERENCE - CORNELL UNIVERSITYitem
                                            Fazio, Gennaroitem
                                            ALDWINCKLE, HERBERT - CORNELL UNIVERSITY
  Submitted to: Plant Disease
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 10/1/2007
                                    Publication  Date: 3/5/2008
                                    Citation: Russo, N., Robinson, T., Fazio, G., Aldwinckle, H. 2008. Fire Blight Resistance of Budagovsky 9 Apple Rootstock. Plant Disease. 92(3):385-391.Interpretive Summary: The apple rootstock Budagovsky 9 (B.9) developed in Eastern Europe has shown field resistance in the US to fire blight infections.  When this rootstock was tested as an ungrafted plant by inoculating actively growing apical meristems it showed high susceptibility to fire blight.  This discrepancy was investigated in a battery of field and laboratory trials.  Two clonal varieties of B.9 were tested with other susceptible and resistant controls.  Results of these trials confirm resistance of B.9 and support the hypothesis that field resistance of B.9 is due to developmental differences between immature and mature (hardened) tissue.
                                Technical Abstract: Erwinia amylovora the causal agent of fire blight can result in a fatal infection of the apple rootstock known as rootstock blight.  Budagovsky 9 (B.9) apple rootstock is reported to be highly susceptible to rootstock blight, although multiple field trials report B.9 to be resistant to rootstock blight infection.  Conflicting results may stem from genetic variation in the clonal B.9 population, based on phenotypic differences in rootstock material.  Genetic testing, using twenty-three microsatellite loci, confirmed the clonal uniformity of B.9 currently in commerce.  Variation in growth habit between B.9 rootstocks originating from two nurseries has also been discounted as a source of disease resistance.  Inoculation of grafted and non-grafted shoot tissue versus woody rootstock tissue has revealed the existence of a novel resistance phenotype.  B.9 rootstock are susceptible to leaf inoculation by E. amylovora, statistically similar to the susceptible rootstock Malling 9 (M.9).  Conversely, inoculation assays targeting mature tissue reveal a high degree of resistance in B.9, whereas M.9 remains susceptible.  Although the mechanism by which B.9 develops resistance is unknown, our results support the development of adult plant resistance in B.9 apple rootstock.  Durable fire blight resistance correlated with tissue development could be a valuable tool for rootstock breeders.


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