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Title:   Author  item
                                            Anderson, Robinitem
                                            LAN, WEN-SHIAW - TX A&M UNIVERSITYitem
                                            Hume, Michaelitem
                                            Krueger, Nathanitem
                                            Callaway, Todditem
                                            Nisbet, David
  Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 4/9/2007
                                    Publication  Date: 6/21/2007
                                    Citation: Anderson, R.C., Lan, W., Hume, M.E., Krueger, N.A., Callaway, T.R., Nisbet, D.J. 2007. Enrichment of 3-nitro-1-propionic acid-metabolizing bacteria in avian feces [abstract]. In: Proceedings of 5th International Symposium on Anaerobic Microbiology, June 21-24, 2007, Domzale, Slovenija. p. 2-3.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Denitrobacterium detoxificans is a Gram-positive anaerobe that conserves energy for growth exclusively via anaerobic respiration, oxidizing H2, formate or lactate for the reduction of nitrate, trimethylamine oxide, dimethyl sulfoxide or nitroalkanes such as 3-nitro-1-propionic acid (NPA).  At present, D. detoxificans has been isolated only from the bovine rumen but evidence suugests its presence in human oral flora.  The objective of this experiment was to assess if D. detoxificans may reside within the avian gut.  Freshly collected feces obtained from at least 2 broiler hatches were enriched separately in anaerobic enrichment medium containing salts, vitamins, clarified ruminal fluid (8% vol/vol), 8% phytone peptone (wt/vol), 12 mM sodium formate, cysteine-HCl and sodium carbonate under H2:C02 (1:1).  The electron acceptor was NPA (9 mM) and its rate of disappeareance (dNPA/dt) during enrichment was determined colorimetrically.  Numbers of NPA-metabolizing bacteria were determined via most probable number (MPN) estimation.  During enrichment (3 consecutive 24 h transfers at 39 deg C), dNPA/dt increased from 0.04 to 0.06 μmol ml**-1 h**-1 and MPN of NPA-metabolizing bacteria increased from <3 x 10**2 to 9 x 10**3 cells ml**-1.  Enrichment of populations in a more restricted medium, modified to contain 0.1% peptone and 3% clarified ruminal fluid resulted in a 30% increase in dNPA/dt and an increase in MPN of NPA-metabolizing bacteria to 1 x 10**8 cells ml**-1 (approximately 10% that of the total bacterial population).  These results suggest that D. Detoxificans-like bacteria reside within the avian gut and that their isolation may require enrichment in restricted media.


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