U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research: Wapato, WA
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    Facilities
                        USDA Laboratory in Wapato, WA
                                    USDA Prosser Worksite
                                    USDA Moxee Farm
                    About UsSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Pacific West Area Wapato, Washington Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Yee, Wee
  Submitted to: Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 6/19/2007
                                    Publication  Date: 12/15/2007
                                    Citation: Yee, W.L. 2007. Gf-120, nulure, and mazoferm effects on feeding responses and infestations of western cherry fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae). Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology 23(3):125-140.Interpretive Summary: Cherry fruit fly is a serious quarantine pest of commercial cherries in the Pacific Northwest.  Knowledge about the effects of bait and insecticide sprays is needed to manage the fly.  Personnel at the Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory in Wapato, WA, are determining the effects of three protein bait sprays on feeding responses and on control of the fly.  We found that flies fed on all three baits mixed with insecticides, but that the flies were no more attracted to them than to water.  When the baits were sprayed on whole trees, infestations of cherries with larvae were greatly reduced but not eliminated.  The results of this study are important in that they indicate the bait sprays tested are not attractive to flies and that they work because flies find and feed on them through normal foraging on leaves and then die.  This mechanism is apparently sufficient to kill most flies, but because infestations need to be eliminated, the attractiveness of baits may need to be increased to optimize effectiveness.
                                Technical Abstract: A study was conducted to determine feeding responses of western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran, to 40% (vol/vol) GF-120, Nulure, and Mazoferm bait and to the insecticide spinosad only in 2005 and 2006 in Washington State.  When water or baits were sprayed on branches or were placed as single drops on leaves 1-2 cm from flies, the numbers of flies subsequently seen near or feeding on the water and baits were similar, although flies fed longer on GF-120 than on other baits.  From 4.8-23.1% of flies that contacted water or baits did not respond by feeding or maintaining contact with drops.  Female and male responded similarly.  Later in the season (31 May to 9 June), responses to all baits were greater than early in the season (19 to 30 May).  When whole, single trees with higher fly pressure than found in most commercial orchards were sprayed with treatments, Nulure and Mazoferm significantly reduced larval infestations in fruit compared with the control in one test, but they, GF-120, and spinosad only did not significantly reduce larval infestations compared with controls in two other tests.  Results suggest the baits tested were not attractive to R. indifferens compared with water and that most flies find them through chance encounters, which may partially explain the lack of consistent larval control using baits.  GF-120 did not retain flies longer once they began to feed.  Whether baits can be made more attractive over long periods and whether more attractive baits result in further reductions or consistent elimination of infestations needs to be examined.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov