U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 close



Research
                Research Home
                            National Programs
                            Research Projects
                            Scientific Manuscripts
                            International Engagement
                            Scientific Software/Models
                            Databases and Datasets
                            Office of Scientific Quality Review
            Media
                News & Features
                            Multimedia
                            Briefing Room
                            Down on the Farm
                            Press Room
                            Science in Your Shopping Cart
                            Scientific Discoveries
                            Tellus
                            Under the Microscope
            About ARS
                About ARS Home
                            Staff Directory
                            Labs and Research Centers (Map)
                            Headquarter Offices
                            Organizational Chart
                            Employee Services (REE Employees Only)
                            Office of Outreach, Diversity, and Equal Opportunity
            Work With Us
                Work With Us Home
                            ARS Vacancies at USAJOBS
                            Careers at ARS Information
                            Scientific Collaborations
                            Extramural Agreements
                            1890 Faculty Research Sabbatical ProgramSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            GATTO, LAWRENCE - U.S. ARMY CORPS ENGINEERSitem
                                            Halvorson, Jonathanitem
                                            McCool, Donalditem
                                            PALAZZO, ANTONIO - U.S. ARMY CORPS ENGINEERS
  Submitted to: Book Chapter
                                    Publication Type: Book / Chapter
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 2/18/2001
                                    Publication  Date: 7/30/2001
                                    Citation: GATTO, L.W., HALVORSON, J.J., MCCOOL, D.K., PALAZZO, A.J. EFFECTS OF FREEZE-THAW CYCLING ON SOIL EROSION:  APPLICATION TO MILITARY TRAINING LANDS. LANDSCAPE EROSION AND EVOLUTION MODELING, EDITED BY HARMON & DOE III, KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBLISHERS, NEW YORK. BOOK CHAPTER. 2001.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: This chapter discusses the effects of soil freeze-thaw (FT) processes on soil erodibility and runoff erosivity via physical changes in soil-water content and redistribution, soil density and strength, infiltration and runoff, and soil-surface geometry with special emphasis on military training-land soils.  Although, FT also affects the susceptibility of soil  to wind erosion, this chapter addresses water-erosion processes only.  The ice that forms in soil pores during freezing reduces soil density by pushing soil grains apart and reducing their interlocking.  The amount of soil expansion depends on soil-water content when freezing starts, the volume of water drawn to the freezing zone, soil texture, the depth and rate of frost penetration, and the number of FT cycles.  When soil ice thaws, the soil is less dense, less cohesive, and often nearly saturated. In this condition the soil is highly susceptible to mass failure on slopes  and easily eroded by runoff.  During maneuvers on training lands military vehicles damage vegetation, change soil surfaces, weaken soil aggregates, and compact and rut soils.  The ruts can channel runoff which increases its transport capacity and its erosion potential.  In this regard ruts are hydraulically similar to natural rills.  The other maneuver impacts reduce infiltration, increase the volume and period of runoff, and increase soil erodibility.  Research shows that FT cycling reduces vehicle compaction in soil, increases infiltration in vehicle ruts and changes the cross- sectional geometry of ruts and natural rills which can affect the sediment transport capacity of runoff.  Thus, FT processes significantly influence soil erosion and landform evolution and must be adequately simulated in landscape models.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov