U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Food and Feed Safety Research: College Station, TX
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    CareersSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Plains Area College Station, Texas Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center Food and Feed Safety Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            FOX, J - TX A&M UNIVERSITYitem
                                            Anderson, Robinitem
                                            CARSTENS, G - TX A&M UNIVERSITYitem
                                            MILLER, R - TX A&M UNIVERSITYitem
                                            Jung, Yong Sooitem
                                            McReynolds, Jacksonitem
                                            Callaway, Todditem
                                            Edrington, Thomasitem
                                            Nisbet, David
  Submitted to: International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 4/29/2005
                                    Publication  Date: 7/1/2005
                                    Citation: Fox, J.T., Anderson, R.C., Carstens, G.E., Miller, R.K., Jung, Y., McReynolds, J.L., Callaway, T.R., Edrington, T.S., Nisbet, D.J. 2005. Effect of nitrate adaptation on the bactericidal activity of an experimental chlorate product against Escherichia coli in cattle. International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine. 3:76-80.Interpretive Summary: Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium are pathogenic bacteria that live in the gut of food producing animals such as cattle, pigs, and chickens.  These pathogens can contaminate the food we eat during processing.  Recently, a new experimental feed additive, called ECP, has been developed by the USDA and has been shown to kill these unwanted bacteria but not beneficial bacteria when fed to animals.  In some studies with broilers and pigs, the ability of the feed additive to kill the unwanted bacteria was optimized by first feeding another additive, nitrate, before feeding the ECP.  The nitrate pre-feeding worked by making the unwanted bacteria more susceptible to ECP.  The objective of the presnt study was to see if nitrate pre-feeding would also work to enhance the bacterial killing activity of ECP against E. coli in cattle.  Results indicate that nitrate pre-feeding was not needed in cattle as the ECP was just as effective at killing E. coli when fed without the nitrate pre-feeding.  These results confirm that ECP can be used as a feed supplement to kill important foodborne pathogens in cattle and will help cattle producers learn how to most economically feed this food safety supplement.  This work will ultimately help cattle producers produce safer and more affordable meat products for the American consumer.
                                Technical Abstract: An experimental chlorate product (ECP) developed by the USDA has been shown to have bactericidal effects against enteropathogens such as Escherichia coli.  In studies with broilers and pigs, the bactericidal activity of ECP was enhanced by prior adaptation of gastrointestinal microflora to nitrate.  The objective of this study was to examine the effects of nitrate adaptation on the bactericidal activity of ECP against E. coli in Holstein steers.  Results indicate that ECP was effective at reducing E. coli. However, ECP did not reduce E. coli in a dose-dependent manner indicating that the highest ECP dose provided in this study exceeded that needed to be efficacious.  Adapting gastrointestinal microflora with nitrate prior to feeding ECP did not improve efficacy of ECP against E. coli.  Rapid reduction of nitrate in the rumen is implicated as a possible explanation for why adaption to nitrate did not enhance the bactericidal effects of ECP in cattle.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov