U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research: Ames, IA
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    CareersSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Midwest Area Ames, Iowa National Animal Disease Center Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Waters, Wadeitem
                                            Palmer, Mitchellitem
                                            Nonnecke, Brianitem
                                            Whipple, Dianaitem
                                            Horst, Ronald
  Submitted to: Microbial Pathogenesis
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 8/8/2003
                                    Publication  Date: 1/1/2004
                                    Citation: Waters, W.R., Palmer, M.V., Nonnecke, B.J., Whipple, D.L., Horst, R.L. 2004. Mycobacterium bovis infection of vitamin d-deficient nos -/- mice. Microbial Pathagenesis. 36:11-17.Interpretive Summary: Tuberculosis of cattle persists within the United States causing serious negative economic impacts on the cattle industry due to loss in trade, movement restrictions, and costs associated with tuberculosis testing and surveillance. Improved techniques are needed for detection of infected cattle. To develop improved diagnostics, it is beneficial to understand the immune response of cattle to tuberculosis infection. In this study, mice were used as model of tuberculosis infection to determine specific responses (i.e., killing mechanisms) to the organism that causes bovine tuberculosis. Knowledge obtained from this study will assist in the development of new reagents and methods for the detection of tuberculosis of cattle.
                                Technical Abstract: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk for tuberculosis infection. Studies using in vitro systems indicate that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [i.e., 1,25(OH)2D3], the most active form of the vitamin, enhances mycobacterial killing by increasing nitric oxide (NO) production. To evaluate concurrently the role of 1,25(OH)2D3 and NO on the host response to tuberculosis infection, mice deficient in NO synthase 2 (NOS2**-/-) and/or vitamin D were aerosol-challenged with Mycobacterium bovis and subsequently evaluated for mycobacterial colonization and lesion formation. Infected NOS2-/- mice developed severe necrotizing pyogranulomatous inflammation of the lungs with heavy M. bovis colonization and systemic dissemination of the bacillus. Colonization and lung lesion area of NOS2**-/- mice exceeded that of NOS2**+/+ mice. Additionally, disease progression was more rapid in NOS2**-/- mice than in NOS2**+/+ mice. Lung colonization and lesion area of vitamin D deficient mice exceeded that of vitamin D replete mice, regardless of NOS2 phenotype. However, effects of vitamin D on colonization, but not lesion area, were more pronounced in NOS2**+/+ mice than in NOS2**-/- mice. These findings are consistent with the current hypothesis that 1,25(OH)2D3 enhances mycobacterial killing through a NO-dependent mechanism. Since responses of NOS2**-/- mice were affected by 1,25(OH)2D3 deficiency, albeit to a lesser extent than were those of NOS2**+/+ mice, NO-independent actions of 1,25(OH)2D3 also likely exist.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov