U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Food and Feed Safety Research: College Station, TX
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    CareersSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Plains Area College Station, Texas Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center Food and Feed Safety Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            KUBENA, LEON - 6202-40-30item
                                            McReynolds, Jacksonitem
                                            Byrd Ii, James

                                                         - *Allen*item
                                            Anderson, Robinitem
                                            RICKE, STEVEN - TX A&M UNIVERSITYitem
                                            Nisbet, David
  Submitted to: Poultry Science
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 6/1/2004
                                    Publication  Date: 7/25/2004
                                    Citation: Kubena, L.F., McReynolds, J.L., Byrd II, J.A., Anderson, R.C., Ricke, S.C., Nisbet, D.J. 2004. Influence of experimental chlorate product (ECP) in drinking water on environment of the gastrointestinal tract and Salmonella enteritidis (SE) in laying hens during an induced molt [abstract]. Poultry Science. 82(Suppl. 1):69.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: The use of feed deprivation to induce molting and stimulate multiple egg-laying cycles in Laying hens is a common practice in commercial egg production. Unfortunately, an increased risk of Salmonella enteritidis (SE) may result from the use of this method, therefore alternative methods are needed.  Hens over 50 wk of age were divided into 12 groups of 11 hens each and placed in individual laying cages.  Two wk prior to dietary changes, hens were placed on an 8-h light and 16 h-dark photoperiod that continued for the 9-day experiment. All hens were challenged orally with 106 cfu of SE on day 4 of the study. Treatments were non-fed hens with distilled water (NFD), non-fed hens with the experimental chlorate product (ECP which provided 15mM chlorate ion concentration water; NFECP), alfalfa diets with distilled water (ALD), and alfalfa diets with ECP water (ALECP), with 3 replicate groups of 11 hens in each treatment.  There were no significant changes in the pH of the crop due to treatment.  When compared with the NFD hens, there were no significant differences in the lactic acid concentrations of the crop and ceca for the NFECP or ALD hens; however, the lactic acid concentrations were significantly higher in  the ALECP hens.  When compared with the NFD hens, there were increases in the concentrations of propionic acid and total volatile fatty acids of the ceca in the NFECP, ALD, and ALECP hens. When compared with NFD hens, the numbers of SE positive crop and ceca were reduced in the NFECP hens (67%, 35%), ALD hens (9%, 0%), and ALECP hens (84%, 59%).  The ECP reduced invasion of the liver, spleen, and ovaries by more than 50%.  The intake of alfalfa was low in this study and most likely accounts for the lowered protection against SE, when compared with previous studies. Results of this study suggest that ECP added to the drinking water may be a useful tool to reduce the risk of SE during an induced molt by feed deprivation or the use of alfalfa molting diets.  The combination of ECP and the alfalfa molting diet was the most efficacious for several parameters, indicating that an active fermentation during molting is an important factor in maintaining a hostile environment for enteropathogens.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov