II 

117TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. 379 

To advance a diplomatic solution to the conflict in Libya and support the 

people of Libya. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

FEBRUARY 23, 2021 

Mr. COONS (for himself, Mr. GRAHAM, Mr. MURPHY, and Mr. RUBIO) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations 

A BILL 

To advance a diplomatic solution to the conflict in Libya 

and support the people of Libya. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘Libya Stabilization Act’’. 

6 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

7 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Findings; statement of policy. 

TITLE I—IDENTIFYING CHALLENGES TO STABILITY IN LIBYA 

Sec. 101. Codification of Executive Order 13726. 


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Sec. 102. Report on activities of certain foreign governments and actors in 

Libya. 

Sec. 103. Strategy to counter Russian influence in Libya. 

TITLE II—ACTIONS TO ADDRESS FOREIGN INTERVENTION IN 

LIBYA 

Sec. 201. Definitions. 

Sec. 202. Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons supporting Russian 

military intervention in Libya. 

Sec. 203. Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons threatening the peace 

or stability of Libya. 

Sec. 204. Imposition of sanctions with respect to certain persons who are responsible for or complicit in human rights abuses committed in 

Libya. 

Sec. 205. Sanctions described. 

Sec. 206. Waiver; exceptions. 

Sec. 207. Implementation; regulations; penalties. 

Sec. 208. Termination. 

TITLE III—ASSISTANCE FOR LIBYA 

Sec. 301. Humanitarian relief for the people of Libya and international refugees and migrants in Libya. 

Sec. 302. Support for democratic governance, elections, and democratic civil society. 

Sec. 303. Engaging international financial institutions to advance Libyan economic recovery and improve public sector financial management. 

Sec. 304. Recovering assets stolen from the Libyan people. 

1 SEC. 2. FINDINGS; STATEMENT OF POLICY. 

2 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find3 ings: 

4 (1) The stability and territorial unity of Libya 

5 is critical to the security of the United States, Eu6 rope, North Africa, and the Sahel, as well as mari7 time routes in the southern Mediterranean Sea. 

8 (2) AFRICOM has identified containing insta9 bility in Libya as one of its six main lines of effort 

10 in Africa and works to support diplomatic efforts to 

11 reconstitute the Libyan state and to disrupt terrorist 


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1 organizations that impede that process or threaten 

2 United States interests. 

3 (3) On April 4, 2019, Khalifa Haftar, the com4 mander of the Libyan Arab Armed Forces/Libyan 

5 National Army (LAAF/LNA) movement, ordered 

6 forces loyal to him to begin a unilateral military op7 eration to take control of Tripoli, the capital of 

8 Libya and seat of the Government of National Ac9 cord (GNA), an interim body that emerged from 

10 previous United Nations-backed negotiations which 

11 the United States Government and United Nations 

12 Security Council have recognized since 2015. 

13 (4) Although the LAAF/LNA movement initi14 ated the offensive, all parties to the conflict and 

15 their associated forces have since April 2019 failed 

16 to observe their obligations under international hu17 manitarian law and increased the geographic scope 

18 of the conflict, including by using heavy weapons, 

19 aircraft, and armed drones provided by foreign pow20 ers in violation of the United Nations arms embargo. 

21 Foreign mercenaries have reportedly also partici22 pated in the conflict. 

23 (5) In November 2019, the GNA and the Gov24 ernment of Turkey signed a Memorandum of Under25 standing on maritime boundaries in the MediterraVerDate Sep 11 2014 03:45 Mar 05, 2021 Jkt 019200 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S379.IS S379

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1 nean Sea, which was opposed by European Union 

2 member states and other countries in the region. 

3 (6) On January 19, 2020, at a peace conference 

4 in Berlin, representatives of the Governments of Al5 geria, China, Egypt, France, Germany, Italy, Rus6 sia, Turkey, the Republic of Congo, the United Arab 

7 Emirates, the United Kingdom, and the United 

8 States, as well as regional and multilateral organiza9 tions, agreed to refrain from interference in Libya’s 

10 internal affairs, abide by the United Nations arms 

11 embargo, and advance a 55-point communique to re12 solve the conflict in Libya. 

13 (7) On January 30, 2020, then-United Nations 

14 Special Representative of the Secretary General 

15 (SRSG) Ghassan Salame ́ asserted that ‘‘the warring 

16 parties have continued to receive a sizable amount of 

17 advanced equipment, fighters, and advisors from for18 eign sponsors, in brazen violation of the UN arms 

19 embargo as well as of the pledges made by rep20 resentatives of these countries in Berlin’’. 

21 (8) On February 12, 2020, the United States 

22 Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Af23 fairs testified before the Committee on Foreign Re24 lations of the Senate, ‘‘The task of bringing the 

25 Libyans back to the negotiating table has been comVerDate Sep 11 2014 03:45 Mar 05, 2021 Jkt 019200 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S379.IS S379

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1 plicated by the involvement of external actors. Libya 

2 is not the place for Russian mercenaries, or fighters 

3 from Syria, Chad, and Sudan. It is not the place for 

4 the Emiratis, Russians, or Turks to be fighting bat5 tles on the ground through intermediaries they spon6 sor or support with sophisticated and deadly equip7 ment in pursuit of their own agendas.’’. 

8 (9) On September 2, 2020, Acting SRSG 

9 Stephanie Williams described to the United Nations 

10 Security Council cargo shipments and dozens of 

11 military resupply flights to the LAAF/LNA and the 

12 GNA as ‘‘an alarming breach of Libya’s sovereignty, 

13 a blatant violation of the UN arms embargo, not to 

14 mention the commitments undertaken by the Berlin 

15 conference participants’’. 

16 (10) On October 23, 2020, conflict parties in 

17 Libya agreed to a United Nations-facilitated 

18 ceasefire which called for all military units and 

19 armed groups on the front lines to return to their 

20 camps, all mercenaries and foreign fighters to depart 

21 from Libyan territory, and all military agreements 

22 on training be suspended within three months of the 

23 ceasefire’s signing. Ceasefire enforcement is histori24 cally difficult in Libya, and as of February 2021, 

25 mercenaries, foreign fighters, and foreign militaries 


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1 remained active there. On February 4, 2021, the 

2 United Nations Security Council requested an ad3 vance team be sent to Libya as a first step to send4 ing monitors to observe the ceasefire. 

5 (11) On November 13, 2020, UNSMIL an6 nounced that national elections in Libya are sched7 uled to take place on December 24, 2021. On Janu8 ary 20, 2021, Libyan leaders agreed to hold a con9 stitutional referendum prior to the December 2021 

10 election. On February 5, 2021, the 74-member 

11 United Nations-led Libyan Political Dialogue Forum 

12 reached an agreement on a unified interim Libyan 

13 executive to lead the country to national elections on 

14 December 24, 2021. 

15 (12) According to the United Nations, since the 

16 LNA movement offensive began in April 2019, the 

17 conflict in Libya has led to the deaths of more than 

18 400 civilians and the displacement of more than 

19 200,000 people. 

20 (13) Parties to the conflict in Libya have killed 

21 civilians, committed torture and abuse, committed 

22 mass extrajudicial killings, requisitioned the houses 

23 of civilians, targeted medical facilities, and blocked 

24 humanitarian access to food, health, and other life25 saving services, worsening humanitarian conditions. 


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1 (14) According to the United Nations Office for 

2 the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, as of De3 cember 2020, more than 574,000 migrants and refu4 gees remained in Libya and ‘‘continue to be at risk 

5 of killing, torture, arbitrary detention, rape and 

6 other forms of sexual and gender-based violence, 

7 forced labor, extortion and exploitation’’. Among 

8 these, between 1,000 and 3,000 migrants and refu9 gees are held in official detention centers and ‘‘many 

10 other migrants and refugees are believed to be held 

11 at other sites run by militias and trafficking 

12 groups’’. 

13 (15) On January 19, 2021, at least 43 mi14 grants died in a shipwreck off of Libya’s coast, high15 lighting the vulnerable position of non-Libyan mi16 grants who are either subject to detention and 

17 abuses in Libya or are forced to undertake unsafe 

18 attempts to reach Europe. More than 100 migrants 

19 drowned in 2020 and nearly 100 have drowned since 

20 January 2021 in the Mediterranean. 

21 (16) On January 21, 2021, the United States 

22 joined the Governments of France, Germany, Italy, 

23 and the United Kingdom to remind all Berlin Con24 ference participants of the need to ‘‘continue to sup25 port a ceasefire, restore full respect for the UN arms 


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1 embargo, and end the toxic foreign interference that 

2 undermines the aspirations of all Libyans to reestab3 lish their sovereignty and choose their future peace4 fully through national elections’’. 

5 (b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 

6 United States— 

7 (1) to engage regularly at the senior-most levels 

8 and assert there is no military solution to the con9 flict in Libya and that only a political process can 

10 secure United States interests, ensure a stable and 

11 unified Libya, reduce the threat of terrorism, and 

12 provide peace and opportunity to the people of 

13 Libya; 

14 (2) to support the implementation of United 

15 Nations Security Council Resolutions 1970 (2011) 

16 and 1973 (2011), which established an arms embar17 go on Libya, and subsequent resolutions modifying 

18 and extending the embargo; 

19 (3) to support the implementation of United 

20 Nations Security Council Resolutions 2146 (2014) 

21 and 2362 (2017), which condemn attempts to illic22 itly export petroleum and refined petroleum products 

23 from Libya, including by parallel institutions which 

24 are not acting under the authority of the Govern25 ment of National Accord; 


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1 (4) to promote unified and effective Libyan 

2 oversight over the Libyan National Oil Corporation, 

3 the Central Bank of Libya, and the Libyan Invest4 ment Authority; 

5 (5) to enforce Executive Order 13726 (81 Fed. 

6 Reg. 23559; relating to blocking property and sus7 pending entry into the United States of persons con8 tributing to the situation in Libya (April 19, 2016)), 

9 designed to target individuals or entities who 

10 ‘‘threaten the peace, security, and stability of 

11 Libya’’; 

12 (6) to employ sanctions and support war-crimes 

13 prosecution, against any and all parties engaging in 

14 attacks on civilians, medical workers, and critical in15 frastructure, including water supplies, in Libya; 

16 (7) to contribute to the peace and stability of 

17 Libya, prevent destabilizing arms shipments, and 

18 support efforts to safeguard Libya’s oil resources in 

19 accordance with United Nations Security Council 

20 Resolutions 2259 (2015), 2278 (2016), 2362 

21 (2017), and 2473 (2019); 

22 (8) to leverage diplomatic relations to convince 

23 the parties to the conflict in Libya to de-escalate 

24 and persuade foreign powers to stop providing weap25 ons and financing that exacerbate the conflict; 


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1 (9) to encourage the parties to continue to en2 gage in the political process led by UNSMIL; 

3 (10) to support the United Nations-mediated 

4 political process, which seeks a negotiated and 

5 peaceful solution to the Libyan crisis; 

6 (11) that a negotiated and peaceful political so7 lution should include a transitional, civilian-led gov8 ernment representing all Libyans, preparations for 

9 credible elections, a fair and transparent allocation 

10 of resources, interim security arrangements, and a 

11 process to reunify security and economic institu12 tions; 

13 (12) to support constant, unimpeded, and reli14 able humanitarian access to those in need and to 

15 hold accountable those who impede or threaten the 

16 delivery of humanitarian assistance; 

17 (13) to advocate for the immediate release and 

18 safe evacuations of detained refugees and migrants 

19 threatened by conflict in Libya; 

20 (14) to assist implementation of UNSMIL’s 

21 plan for the organized and gradual closure of mi22 grant detention centers in Libya and ensure robust 

23 protection assistance for refugees and migrants; and 


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1 (15) to support future democratic development 

2 and the economic recovery of Libya both during and 

3 after a negotiated and peaceful political solution. 

4 TITLE I—IDENTIFYING CHAL5 LENGES TO STABILITY IN 

6 LIBYA 

7 SEC. 101. CODIFICATION OF EXECUTIVE ORDER 13726. 

8 Notwithstanding any other provision of law or Execu9 tive order, Executive Order 13726 (81 Fed. Reg. 23559), 

10 signed on April 19, 2016, and entitled ‘‘Blocking Property 

11 and Suspending Entry into the United States of Persons 

12 Contributing to the Situation in Libya’’ shall have the 

13 force and effect of law. 

14 SEC. 102. REPORT ON ACTIVITIES OF CERTAIN FOREIGN 

15 GOVERNMENTS AND ACTORS IN LIBYA. 

16 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 

17 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 

18 in coordination with the Director of National Intelligence, 

19 shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 

20 a report that includes— 

21 (1) a description of the full extent of involve22 ment in Libya by foreign governments, including the 

23 Governments of Russia, Turkey, the United Arab 

24 Emirates, Egypt, Sudan, Chad, the People’s Repub25 lic of China, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar, including— 


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1 (A) a description of which governments are 

2 linked to drone and aircraft strikes; 

3 (B) a list of the types and estimated 

4 amounts of equipment transferred by each gov5 ernment described in this paragraph to the par6 ties to the conflict, including foreign military 

7 contractors, mercenaries, or paramilitary forces 

8 operating in Libya; 

9 (C) the estimated dollar value of various 

10 types of equipment and financial support pro11 vided by each government described in this 

12 paragraph to the parties to the conflict, includ13 ing foreign military contractors, mercenaries, or 

14 paramilitary forces operating in Libya; and 

15 (D) the identification of any regular or ir16 regular forces, including but not limited to mer17 cenary groups and militias operating inside 

18 Libya, at the direction or with the consent of 

19 governments listed in this paragraph; 

20 (2) a determination and analysis of whether the 

21 actions by the governments identified in paragraph 

22 (1)— 

23 (A) violate the arms embargo with respect 

24 to Libya in accordance with United Nations SeVerDate Sep 11 2014 03:45 Mar 05, 2021 Jkt 019200 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S379.IS S379

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1 curity Council Resolution 2473 (2019) and 

2 predecessor Security Council resolutions; 

3 (B) contribute to civilian death, harm, or 

4 other violations of international humanitarian 

5 law; or 

6 (C) involved weapons of United States ori7 gin or were in violation of United States end 

8 user license agreements; 

9 (3) a description of United States diplomatic 

10 engagement with any governments found to be in 

11 violation of the arms embargo regarding enforce12 ment of the embargo; 

13 (4) a list of the specific offending materiel or fi14 nancial support transfers provided by a government 

15 described in paragraph (1) that violate the arms em16 bargo with respect to Libya in accordance with 

17 United Nations Security Council Resolution 2473 

18 (2019) and predecessor Security Council resolutions; 

19 (5) a determination and analysis of the activi20 ties of foreign armed groups, including the Russian 

21 Wagner Group, military contractors and mercenaries 

22 employed or engaged by the governments of Turkey 

23 and the United Arab Emirates, affiliates of the Is24 lamic State (ISIS), al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb 

25 (AQIM), and other extremist groups, in Libya; 


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1 (6) a determination of whether and to what ex2 tent the conflict in Libya is enabling the recruitment 

3 and training efforts of armed groups, including af4 filiates of ISIS, AQIM, and other extremist groups; 

5 (7) a description of European Union and North 

6 Atlantic Treaty Organization efforts to enforce the 

7 United Nations arms embargo and facilitate a sus8 tainable ceasefire, and of United States diplomatic 

9 engagement on these efforts; 

10 (8) a description of any violations of the arms 

11 embargo by European Union member states; and 

12 (9) a description of European Union and Arab 

13 League states’ contributions to ceasefire monitoring, 

14 arms embargo enforcement, and election support 

15 and how the United States can partner with the EU 

16 and Arab League states on such contributions. 

17 (b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 

18 shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain 

19 a classified annex. 

20 (c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE21 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres22 sional committees’’ means— 

23 (1) the Committee on Armed Services, the 

24 Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Select 

25 Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and 


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1 (2) the Committee on Armed Services, the 

2 Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Permanent 

3 Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of 

4 Representatives. 

5 SEC. 103. STRATEGY TO COUNTER RUSSIAN INFLUENCE IN 

6 LIBYA. 

7 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find8 ings: 

9 (1) In January 2020, General Stephen Town10 send, Commander of AFRICOM, warned that in 

11 Libya, Russia seeks to ‘‘demonstrate itself as an al12 ternative partner to the West’’ and seeks to position 

13 itself alongside the southern flank of NATO. 

14 (2) On May 29, 2020, AFRICOM assessed that 

15 Russia deployed 14 military aircraft to Libya to sup16 port Russian state-sponsored private military con17 tractors there. 

18 (3) On June 18, 2020, AFRICOM Director of 

19 Operations Brigadier General Bradford Gering stat20 ed that ‘‘Russia continues to push for a strategic 

21 foothold on NATO’s southern flank . . . at the ex22 pense of innocent Libya lives’’. 

23 (4) In January 2021, United States officials 

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1 ated with the Wagner Group were constructing so2 phisticated defensive fortifications in central Libya. 

3 (b) REPORT AND STRATEGY.— 

4 (1) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the 

5 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 

6 State and the Secretary of Defense shall submit to 

7 the appropriate congressional committees a report 

8 on— 

9 (A) an assessment of Russian influence 

10 and objectives in Libya; 

11 (B) the potential threat such influence 

12 poses to the United States, southern Europe, 

13 and NATO operations in the Mediterranean 

14 Sea; 

15 (C) Russia’s use of currency issuing and 

16 printing; 

17 (D) Russia’s use of mercenaries, military 

18 contractors, and paramilitary forces in Libya; 

19 and 

20 (E) an assessment of the sanctions and 

21 other policies adopted by United States part22 ners and allies against the Wagner Group and 

23 its destabilizing activities in Libya. 

24 (2) STRATEGY.—Not later than 30 days after 

25 the date on which the report required by paragraph 


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1 (1) is submitted to the appropriate congressional 

2 committees, the Secretary of State and the Secretary 

3 of Defense shall brief the appropriate congressional 

4 committees regarding a strategy to counter threats 

5 identified in the report. 

6 (3) FORM.—The report required by paragraph 

7 (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 

8 contain a classified annex. 

9 (4) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT10 TEES DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘ap11 propriate congressional committees’’ means— 

12 (A) the Committee on Armed Services, the 

13 Committee on Foreign Relations, the Select 

14 Committee on Intelligence, and the Committee 

15 on Appropriations of the Senate; and 

16 (B) the Committee on Armed Services, the 

17 Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Permanent 

18 Select Committee on Intelligence, and the Com19 mittee on Appropriations of the House of Rep20 resentatives. 

21 TITLE II—ACTIONS TO ADDRESS 

22 FOREIGN INTERVENTION IN 

23 LIBYA 

24 SEC. 201. DEFINITIONS. 

25 In this title: 


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1 (1) ADMISSION; ADMITTED, ALIEN.—The terms 

2 ‘‘admission’’, ‘‘admitted’’, and ‘‘alien’’ have the 

3 meanings given those terms in section 101 of the 

4 Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101). 

5 (2) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT6 TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com7 mittees’’ means— 

8 (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 

9 the Committee on Financial Services of the 

10 House of Representatives; and 

11 (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations 

12 and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 

13 Urban Affairs of the Senate. 

14 (3) FOREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per15 son’’ means an individual or entity that is not a 

16 United States person and that is not a foreign gov17 ernment, unless acting in a commercial capacity. 

18 (4) KNOWINGLY.—The term ‘‘knowingly’’ with 

19 respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, 

20 means that a person has actual knowledge, or should 

21 have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the 

22 result. 

23 (5) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term 

24 ‘‘United States person’’ means— 


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1 (A) a United States citizen or an alien law2 fully admitted for permanent residence to the 

3 United States; 

4 (B) an entity organized under the laws of 

5 the United States or any jurisdiction within the 

6 United States, including a foreign branch of 

7 such an entity; or 

8 (C) any person in the United States. 

9 SEC. 202. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 

10 PERSONS SUPPORTING RUSSIAN MILITARY 

11 INTERVENTION IN LIBYA. 

12 (a) IN GENERAL.—On and after the date that is 180 

13 days after the date on which the report required by section 

14 102 is submitted to the appropriate congressional commit15 tees, the President shall impose the sanctions described 

16 in section 205 with respect to a foreign person if the Presi17 dent determines that the foreign person, on or after the 

18 date of the enactment of this Act, knowingly engages in 

19 an activity described in subsection (b). 

20 (b) ACTIVITIES DESCRIBED.—A foreign person en21 gages in an activity described in this subsection if the per22 son knowingly provides significant financial, material, or 

23 technological support to, or knowingly engages in a signifi24 cant transaction with a foreign person that is knowingly 


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1 operating in a military capacity in Libya for or on behalf 

2 of the Government of the Russian Federation. 

3 SEC. 203. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 

4 PERSONS THREATENING THE PEACE OR STA5 BILITY OF LIBYA. 

6 (a) IN GENERAL.—On and after the date that is 180 

7 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Presi8 dent shall impose the sanctions described in section 205 

9 with respect to a foreign person if the President deter10 mines that the person, on or after the date of the enact11 ment of this Act, knowingly engages in an activity de12 scribed in subsection (b). 

13 (b) ACTIVITIES DESCRIBED.—A foreign person en14 gages in an activity described in this subsection if, on or 

15 after the date of enactment, the person knowingly— 

16 (1) is engaging in significant actions that 

17 threaten the peace, security, or stability of Libya by 

18 supplying arms or related material to Libyan forces; 

19 (2) is engaging in significant actions that ob20 struct, undermine, delay, or impede the United Na21 tions-mediated political process that seeks a nego22 tiated and peaceful solution to the Libyan crisis; 

23 (3) is engaging in significant actions that lead 

24 to or result in the misappropriation of significant as25 sets of the Government of Libya; 


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1 (4) is involved in, or has been involved in, the 

2 significant illicit exploitation of crude oil or any 

3 other natural resources in Libya, including the sig4 nificant illicit production, refining, brokering, sale, 

5 purchase, or export of oil produced in Libya; 

6 (5) is significantly threatening or coercing fi7 nancial institutions owned or controlled by the Gov8 ernment of Libya or the Libyan National Oil Com9 pany; 

10 (6) is significantly responsible for actions that 

11 are undermining— 

12 (A) the United Nations-led political proc13 ess to end the conflict in Libya; or 

14 (B) efforts to maintain peace and promote 

15 stabilization and economic recovery in Libya; 

16 (7) is significantly responsible for civilian cas17 ualties or violations of international humanitarian 

18 law; 

19 (8) is violating the UN arms embargo; 

20 (9) is a successor entity to a person referred to 

21 in any of paragraphs (1) through (8); 

22 (10) owns or controls, or is owned or controlled 

23 by, a person referred to in any of paragraphs (1) 

24 through (8); 


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1 (11) is acting for or on behalf of a person re2 ferred to in any of paragraphs (1) through (8); or 

3 (12) has provided, or attempted to provide, sig4 nificant financial, material, technological, or other 

5 support for, or goods or services in support of, a 

6 person referred to in any of paragraphs (1) through 

7 (8). 

8 SEC. 204. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 

9 CERTAIN PERSONS WHO ARE RESPONSIBLE 

10 FOR OR COMPLICIT IN HUMAN RIGHTS 

11 ABUSES COMMITTED IN LIBYA. 

12 (a) IN GENERAL.—The President shall impose the 

13 sanctions described in section 205 with respect to each for14 eign person on the list required by subsection (b). 

15 (b) LIST OF PERSONS.— 

16 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 

17 after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 

18 President shall submit to the appropriate congres19 sional committees a list of foreign persons that the 

20 President determines are knowingly responsible for 

21 or complicit in, or to have directly or indirectly en22 gaged in, serious human rights abuses and violations 

23 of international humanitarian law committed in 

24 Libya. 


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1 (2) UPDATES OF LIST.—The President shall 

2 submit to the appropriate congressional committees 

3 an updated list under paragraph (1)— 

4 (A) not later than 180 days after the date 

5 of the enactment of this Act and annually 

6 thereafter until the date that is 5 years after 

7 such date of enactment; or 

8 (B) as new information becomes available. 

9 (3) FORM.—The list required by paragraph (1) 

10 shall be submitted in unclassified form but may in11 clude a classified annex. 

12 SEC. 205. SANCTIONS DESCRIBED. 

13 The sanctions to be imposed with respect to a foreign 

14 person under section 202, 203, or 204 are the following: 

15 (1) BLOCKING OF PROPERTY.—The President 

16 shall exercise all of the powers granted to the Presi17 dent by the International Emergency Economic 

18 Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (except that 

19 the requirements of section 202 of such Act (50 

20 U.S.C. 1701) shall not apply) to the extent nec21 essary to block and prohibit all transactions in prop22 erty and interests in property of the person if such 

23 property and interests in property are in the United 

24 States, come within the United States, or are or 


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1 come within the possession or control of a United 

2 States person. 

3 (2) INADMISSIBILITY OF CERTAIN INDIVID4 UALS.— 

5 (A) INELIGIBILITY FOR VISAS, ADMISSION, 

6 OR PAROLE.—An alien described in section 202, 

7 203, or 204(b)(1) is— 

8 (i) inadmissible to the United States; 

9 (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 

10 documentation to enter the United States; 

11 and 

12 (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 

13 or paroled into the United States or to re14 ceive any other benefit under the Immigra15 tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 

16 seq.). 

17 (B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.— 

18 (i) IN GENERAL.—An alien described 

19 in section 202, 203, or 204(b)(1) is subject 

20 to revocation of any visa or other entry 

21 documentation regardless of when the visa 

22 or other entry documentation is or was 

23 issued. 

24 (ii) IMMEDIATE EFFECT.—A revoca25 tion under clause (i) shall— 


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1 (I) take effect immediately; and 

2 (II) automatically cancel any 

3 other valid visa or entry documenta4 tion that is in the alien’s possession. 

5 SEC. 206. WAIVER; EXCEPTIONS. 

6 (a) WAIVER.—The President, acting through the Sec7 retary of State, may waive the application of sanctions im8 posed with respect to a foreign person under this title if 

9 the Secretary— 

10 (1) determines that such a waiver is in the na11 tional interest of the United States; and 

12 (2) not later than the date on which the waiver 

13 takes effect, submits to the appropriate congres14 sional committees a notice of and justification for 

15 the waiver. 

16 (b) EXCEPTION FOR COMPLIANCE WITH INTER17 NATIONAL OBLIGATIONS.—Section 205(2) shall not apply 

18 to an alien if admitting or paroling the alien into the 

19 United States is necessary to permit the United States 

20 to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters 

21 of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 

22 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between 

23 the United Nations and the United States, or other appli24 cable international obligations of the United States. 


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1 (c) EXCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF

2 GOODS.— 

3 (1) IN GENERAL.—The authorities and require4 ments to impose sanctions under this title shall not 

5 include the authority or requirement to impose sanc6 tions on the importation of goods. 

7 (2) GOOD DEFINED.—In this subsection, the 

8 term ‘‘good’’ means any article, natural or man9 made substance, material, supply or manufactured 

10 product, including inspection and test equipment 

11 and excluding technical data. 

12 SEC. 207. IMPLEMENTATION; REGULATIONS; PENALTIES. 

13 (a) IMPLEMENTATION.—The President may exercise 

14 all authorities provided to the President under sections 

15 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic 

16 Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this 

17 title. 

18 (b) REGULATIONS.—The President shall issue such 

19 regulations, licenses, and orders as are necessary to carry 

20 out this title. 

21 (c) PENALTIES.—A person that violates, attempts to 

22 violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of this 

23 title or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry 

24 out this title shall be subject to the penalties set forth in 

25 subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International 


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1 Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the 

2 same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act de3 scribed in subsection (a) of that section. 

4 SEC. 208. TERMINATION. 

5 The requirement to impose sanctions under this title 

6 shall terminate on December 31, 2026. 

7 TITLE III—ASSISTANCE FOR 

8 LIBYA 

9 SEC. 301. HUMANITARIAN RELIEF FOR THE PEOPLE OF 

10 LIBYA AND INTERNATIONAL REFUGEES AND 

11 MIGRANTS IN LIBYA. 

12 (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con13 gress that— 

14 (1) the United States Government should— 

15 (A) expand efforts to address Libya’s hu16 manitarian crisis, which has been exacerbated 

17 by the conflict and the COVID–19 pandemic; 

18 (B) leverage diplomatic relations with the 

19 conflict parties to guarantee constant, reliable 

20 humanitarian access by frontline providers in 

21 Libya; 

22 (C) leverage diplomatic relations with the 

23 conflict parties, the United Nations, and the 

24 European Union to ensure the release of vul25 nerable migrants and refugees from detention 


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1 centers and ensure their voluntary safe passage; 

2 and 

3 (D) expand efforts to document and pub4 licize violations of human rights and inter5 national humanitarian law and hold perpetra6 tors accountable; and 

7 (2) humanitarian assistance to address the cri8 sis in Libya should be targeted toward those most 

9 in need and delivered through partners that uphold 

10 internationally recognized humanitarian principles. 

11 (b) ASSISTANCE AUTHORIZED.— 

12 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator of the 

13 United States Agency for International Develop14 ment, in coordination with the Secretary of State, is 

15 authorized to provide humanitarian assistance to in16 dividuals and communities in Libya. 

17 (2) INCLUDED ASSISTANCE.—Assistance au18 thorized by paragraph (1) shall include the following 

19 to affected communities, including refugee and mi20 grant populations: 

21 (A) Urgently needed health assistance, in22 cluding logistical and technical assistance to 

23 hospitals, ambulances, and health clinics to sup24 port an effective COVID–19 response and eduVerDate Sep 11 2014 03:45 Mar 05, 2021 Jkt 019200 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S379.IS S379

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1 cational resources to increase COVID–19 vac2 cine acceptance. 

3 (B) Resources and training to increase 

4 communication and education to help commu5 nities slow the spread of COVID–19 and to in6 crease future vaccine acceptance. 

7 (C) Public health commodities and serv8 ices, including medicines and basic medical sup9 plies and equipment. 

10 (D) Protection assistance for vulnerable 

11 populations, including women, children, refu12 gees, and migrants. 

13 (E) Other assistance, including food, shel14 ter, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), as 

15 needed. 

16 (F) Technical assistance to ensure health, 

17 food, and commodities are appropriately se18 lected, procured, targeted, and distributed. 

19 (c) STRATEGY.—Not later than 180 days after the 

20 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 

21 in coordination with the Administrator of the United 

22 States Agency for International Development, shall submit 

23 to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy on 

24 the following: 


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1 (1) How the United States Government, work2 ing with relevant foreign governments and multilat3 eral organizations, plans to address the humani4 tarian situation in Libya. 

5 (2) How to leverage diplomatic and assistance 

6 tools as well as strategic burden-sharing with inter7 national partners to improve the humanitarian situa8 tion in Libya. 

9 (3) How to confront humanitarian access chal10 lenges, which have been compounded by COVID–19, 

11 and ensure the delivery of humanitarian aid. 

12 (4) How to ensure protection for vulnerable ref13 ugees and migrants. 

14 (5) How to address tragic and persistent deaths 

15 of migrants and refugees at sea and human traf16 ficking. 

17 (6) How the United States will engage in diplo18 matic efforts to ensure support from international 

19 donors, including foreign governments and multilat20 eral organizations. 

21 (d) DIPLOMATIC ENGAGEMENT.—The Secretary of 

22 State, in consultation with the Administrator of the 

23 United States Agency for International Development, shall 

24 work with relevant foreign governments and multilateral 

25 organizations to coordinate a high-level donor summit and 


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1 carry out diplomatic engagement to advance the provision 

2 of humanitarian assistance to the people of Libya and 

3 international migrants and refugees in Libya and carry 

4 out the strategy required under subsection (c). 

5 (e) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE6 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres7 sional committees’’ means— 

8 (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

9 the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and 

10 (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

11 Committee on Appropriations of the House of Rep12 resentatives. 

13 SEC. 302. SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE, ELEC14 TIONS, AND DEMOCRATIC CIVIL SOCIETY. 

15 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State, in coordi16 nation with the Administrator of the United States Agen17 cy for International Development, shall— 

18 (1) work with the United Nations Support Mis19 sion in Libya to bolster Libyan efforts to prepare for 

20 national elections; 

21 (2) work to help the people of Libya and a fu22 ture Libyan government unify Libyan financial and 

23 governing institutions to deliver tangible results that 

24 improve the lives of the Libyan people; 


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1 (3) work to ensure transparent, credible, and 

2 inclusive future referenda and elections in Libya, in3 cluding through supporting electoral security and 

4 domestic and international election observation and 

5 by providing related training and technical assist6 ance to institutions with election-related responsibil7 ities; and 

8 (4) work with nongovernmental organizations— 

9 (A) to strengthen democratic governance 

10 and institutions to ensure that future elected 

11 governments are able to deliver improvements 

12 to the Libyan people, support decentralization, 

13 and give the public a stronger voice in their 

14 government; 

15 (B) to increase public and stakeholder con16 fidence in Libya’s electoral system; 

17 (C) to defend internationally recognized 

18 human rights for the people of Libya, including 

19 support for efforts to document crimes against 

20 humanity and violations of human rights; 

21 (D) to combat corruption and improve the 

22 transparency and accountability of government 

23 institutions; and 

24 (E) to support the efforts of state and 

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1 tribute, and share accurate and reliable news 

2 and information with the people of Libya. 

3 (b) STRATEGY REQUIREMENT.— 

4 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 45 days after 

5 the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 

6 of State, in coordination with the Administrator of 

7 the United States Agency for International Develop8 ment, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 

9 committees a strategy to carry out the activities de10 scribed in subsection (a). The strategy shall be up11 dated, including with benchmarks of progress made 

12 to date, and resubmitted to the appropriate congres13 sional committees not later than 15 days after the 

14 scheduling of credible presidential and parliamentary 

15 elections in Libya. 

16 (2) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT17 TEES DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘ap18 propriate congressional committees’’ means— 

19 (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations 

20 and the Committee on Appropriations of the 

21 Senate; and 

22 (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 

23 the Committee on Appropriations of the House 

24 of Representatives. 

25 (c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 


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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be 

2 appropriated to the Secretary of State $23,000,000 

3 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026 to carry 

4 out subsection (a). 

5 (2) NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS.—Any ex6 penditure of amounts made available to carry out 

7 subsection (a) shall be subject to the notification re8 quirements applicable to— 

9 (A) expenditures from the Economic Sup10 port Fund under section 531(c) of the Foreign 

11 Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2346(c)); 

12 and 

13 (B) expenditures from the Development 

14 Assistance Fund under section 653(a) of the 

15 Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 

16 2413(a)). 

17 SEC. 303. ENGAGING INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITU18 TIONS TO ADVANCE LIBYAN ECONOMIC RE19 COVERY AND IMPROVE PUBLIC SECTOR FI20 NANCIAL MANAGEMENT. 

21 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Treasury, in 

22 consultation with the Secretary of State and the Adminis23 trator of the United States Agency for International De24 velopment, shall instruct the United States Executive Di25 rector at each international financial institution to use the 


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1 voice, vote, and influence of the United States to support 

2 a Libyan-led process to develop a framework for the eco3 nomic recovery of Libya and improved public sector finan4 cial management, complementary to United Nations-led 

5 peace efforts and in support of the future establishment 

6 of democratic institutions and the rule of law in Libya. 

7 (b) ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS.—The framework de8 scribed in subsection (a) shall include the following policy 

9 proposals: 

10 (1) To reunify the leadership and operations of 

11 Libya’s key economic ministries and institutions. 

12 (2) To improve the efficiency and reach of Lib13 yan government programs that support poverty alle14 viation and a social safety net. 

15 (3) To assist in reconciling the public accounts 

16 of national financial institutions and letters of credit 

17 issued by private Libyan financial institutions. 

18 (4) To restore the production and efficient 

19 management of Libya’s oil industry, including re20 building any damaged energy infrastructure. 

21 (5) To promote the development of private sec22 tor enterprise. 

23 (6) To improve the transparency and account24 ability of public sector employment and wage dis25 tribution. 


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1 (7) To strengthen supervision of and reform of 

2 Libyan financial institutions to minimize corruption 

3 and ensure resources equitably serve the people of 

4 Libya. 

5 (8) To eliminate exploitation of price controls 

6 and market distorting subsidies in the Libyan econ7 omy. 

8 (c) CONSULTATION.—In supporting the framework 

9 described in subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury 

10 shall instruct the United States Executive Director at each 

11 international financial institution to encourage the institu12 tion to consult with relevant stakeholders in the financial, 

13 governance, and energy sectors. 

14 (d) DEFINITION OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL IN15 STITUTION.—In this section, the term ‘‘international fi16 nancial institution’’ means the International Monetary 

17 Fund, International Bank for Reconstruction and Devel18 opment, European Bank for Reconstruction and Develop19 ment, International Development Association, Inter20 national Finance Corporation, Multilateral Investment 

21 Guarantee Agency, African Development Bank, African 

22 Development Fund, Asian Development Bank, Inter23 American Development Bank, Bank for Economic Co24 operation and Development in the Middle East and North 

25 Africa, and Inter-American Investment Corporation. 


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1 (e) TERMINATION.—The requirements of this section 

2 shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2026. 

3 SEC. 304. RECOVERING ASSETS STOLEN FROM THE LIBYAN 

4 PEOPLE. 

5 (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con6 gress that the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the 

7 Treasury, and the Attorney General should advance a co8 ordinated international effort— 

9 (1) to carry out special financial investigations 

10 to identify and track assets taken from the people 

11 and institutions of Libya through theft, corruption, 

12 money laundering, or other illicit means; and 

13 (2) to work with foreign governments— 

14 (A) to share financial investigations intel15 ligence, as appropriate; 

16 (B) to oversee the assets identified pursu17 ant to paragraph (1); and 

18 (C) to provide technical assistance to help 

19 governments establish the necessary legal 

20 framework to carry out asset forfeitures. 

21 (b) ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS.—The coordinated inter22 national effort described in subsection (a) should include 

23 input from— 

24 (1) the Office of Terrorist Financing and Fi25 nancial Crimes of the Department of the Treasury; 


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1 (2) the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network 

2 of the Department of the Treasury; and 

3 (3) the Money Laundering and Asset Recovery 

4 Section of the Department of Justice. 

Æ 


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