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Title:   Author  item
                                            Yan, Wenguiitem
                                            Fjellstrom, Robertitem
                                            McClung, Annaitem
                                            Jia, Yulinitem
                                            Bockelman, Harold
  Submitted to: American Society of Agronomy Abstracts
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 8/1/2005
                                    Publication  Date: 10/1/2005
                                    Citation: Yan, W., Fjellstrom, R.G., McClung, A.M., Jia, Y., Bockelman, H.E. 2005. Distribution of blast resistance gene Pi-ta in the USDA rice core collection [abstract]. American Society of Agronomy Abstracts. p. 230-3.Interpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: The Pi-ta gene in rice (Oryza sativa L.) prevents the infection by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe grisea (causal organism of rice blast) isolates containing the corresponding avirulence gene AVR-Pita in a gene-for-gene manner.  Pi-ta has been effectively used for blast control over decades in the US.  The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) rice core collection consists of 1,794 entries from 114 countries.  A total of 1,614 entries were screened with DNA a single nucleotide length polymorphism marker derived from the Pi-ta gene.  One hundred eighty-three entries (11%) were identified to contain the Pi-ta gene, and blast resistance was verified for 159 entries with pathogen inoculation.  The oldest existing rice accession in the USDA-ARS National Small Grains Collection (NSGC), Ostiglia (CIor 8 obtained from Germany in 1904), contains the Pi-ta gene.  One hundred forty-seven (80%) of the entries carrying the Pi-ta gene were introduced between 1971 and 2000, with the remaining 20% being introduced before 1971.  The entries possessing Pi-ta came from 56 countries distributed across Asia, North America, South America, Europe and Africa.  Thirty-two of the entries came from China while the Philippines donated 11 cultivars possessing the Pi-ta gene.  Nineteen countries have only one, 16 countries have 2, and the remaining 19 countries have from 3 to 9 cultivars carrying the Pi-ta.  These results demonstrate that this blast resistance gene first introduced in to the NSGC rice collection over a century ago is still playing an important role in germplasm enhancement effort around the world.


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