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Title:   Author  item
                                            FARNELL, MORGAN - TAMUitem
                                            Crippen, Tawni

                                                         - *Tc*item
                                            He, Louisitem
                                            Kogut, Michael

                                                         - *Mike*
  Submitted to: Society for Leukocyte Biology  Meetings   Proceedings
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 11/9/2001
                                    Publication  Date: N/A
                                    Citation: N/AInterpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Cells belonging to the innate arm of the immune system must recognize antigens by pattern recognition receptors (PRR) that recognize pathogen- associated molecular patterns (PAMP) such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) found in the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) found in the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria.  Experiments were  conducted to stimulate oxidative burst of chicken heterophils with gram- negative Salmonella enteritidis (SE) or gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (SA).  Heterophils isolated from neonatal chicks were exposed to SE or SA for 30 minutes and luminol-dependent chemiluminescence was used to quantitate oxidative burst.  A significant increase in oxidative burst was observed from heterophils when stimulated with both SE (48%) and SA (114%).  We then evaluated the effect of purified LTA and LPS on oxidative burst of avian heterophils and also observed a significant increase in  oxidative burst from heterophils when stimulated with LPS (25%) and LTA (89%).  Further experiments using polymyxin B (47%), anti-human CD14 Ab (61%), anti-human TLR2 Ab (71%), and anti-human TLR4 Ab (72%) as antagonists to LPS were shown to significantly reduce oxidative burst. Therefore, these data demonstrate the interaction of PAMPs from gram positive and gram-negative bacteria with avian heterophils stimulate oxidative burst via TLR2, TLR4, and CD14.


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