II 

117TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 4274 

To improve the Federal effort to reduce wildland fire risks, and for other 

purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

MAY 19 (legislative day, MAY 17), 2022 

Mr. LUJA ́N (for himself, Mr. PADILLA, Mrs. MURRAY, Mr. WYDEN, Mrs. 

FEINSTEIN, Ms. CORTEZ MASTO, Ms. ROSEN, Mr. HEINRICH, and Ms. 

SMITH) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred 

to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 

A BILL 

To improve the Federal effort to reduce wildland fire risks, 

and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘National Wildland Fire 

5 Risk Reduction Program Act of 2022’’. 

6 SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 

7 In this Act: 


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1 (1) DIRECTOR.—The term ‘‘Director’’ means 

2 the Director of the National Institute of Standards 

3 and Technology. 

4 (2) FIRE ENVIRONMENT.—The term ‘‘fire envi5 ronment’’ means— 

6 (A) the environmental conditions, such as 

7 soil moisture, vegetation, topography, snowpack, 

8 atmospheric temperature, moisture, and wind, 

9 that influence— 

10 (i) fuel and fire behavior; and 

11 (ii) smoke dispersion and transport; 

12 and 

13 (B) the associated environmental impacts 

14 occurring during and after fire events. 

15 (3) FIREGROUND.—The term ‘‘fireground’’ 

16 means the operational area at the scene of a fire 

17 controlled by an incident command system. 

18 (4) FIRE WEATHER.—The term ‘‘fire weather’’ 

19 means any type of weather conditions that influence 

20 the start, spread, character, or behavior of wildfire 

21 or fires at the wildland-urban interface and all asso22 ciated meteorological and chemical phenomena, in23 cluding air quality, smoke, and meteorological pa24 rameters such as relative humidity, air temperature, 

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1 tion and chemistry, including emissions and mixing 

2 heights. 

3 (5) NATIONAL LABORATORY.—The term ‘‘Na4 tional Laboratory’’ has the meaning given the term 

5 in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 

6 U.S.C. 15801). 

7 (6) PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘Program’’ means 

8 the National Wildland Fire Risk Reduction Program 

9 established under section 3. 

10 (7) PROGRAM AGENCIES.—The term ‘‘Program 

11 agencies’’ means any Federal agency with respon12 sibilities under the Program. 

13 (8) STAKEHOLDERS.—The term ‘‘stakeholders’’ 

14 means any public or private organization engaged in 

15 addressing wildland fires, associated smoke, and 

16 their impacts, including relevant Federal agencies, 

17 States, territories, Tribes, local governments, busi18 nesses, nonprofit organizations (including national 

19 standards and building code organizations), fire20 fighting departments and organizations, institutions 

21 of higher education, National Laboratories, scientific 

22 disciplinary societies, professional associations, and 

23 other users of wildland fire data products. 

24 (9) WILDLAND FIRE.—The term ‘‘wildland 

25 fire’’ means any nonstructure fire that occurs in 


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1 vegetation or natural fuels and includes wildfires 

2 originating from an unplanned ignition and pre3 scribed fires. 

4 (10) WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE.—The term 

5 ‘‘Wildland-Urban Interface’’ has the meaning given 

6 such term in section 4 of the Federal Fire Preven7 tion and Control Act of 1974 (15 U.S.C. 2203). 

8 SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIONAL WILDLAND FIRE 

9 RISK REDUCTION PROGRAM. 

10 (a) PROGRAM REQUIRED.—The President shall es11 tablish a program to achieve major measurable reductions 

12 in the losses of life, property, and natural resources from 

13 wildland fires through a coordinated Federal effort— 

14 (1) to improve the assessment of fire environ15 ments and the understanding and prediction of 

16 wildland fires, associated smoke, and their impacts, 

17 including— 

18 (A) at the wildland-urban interface; 

19 (B) on communities, buildings, and other 

20 infrastructure; 

21 (C) on ecosystem services and watersheds; 

22 and 

23 (D) social and economic impacts; 

24 (2) to develop and encourage the adoption of 

25 science-based and cost-effective measures to enhance 


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1 community resilience to wildland fires, to address 

2 and mitigate wildland fire and associated smoke im3 pacts, and to restore natural fire regimes in fire-de4 pendent ecosystems; and 

5 (3) to improve the understanding and mitiga6 tion of the effects of climate change, drought, and 

7 climate variability on wildland fire risk, frequency, 

8 and severity, and to inform paragraphs (1) and (2). 

9 (b) DESIGNATION.—The program established under 

10 subsection (a) shall be known as the ‘‘National Wildland 

11 Fire Risk Reduction Program’’. 

12 SEC. 4. ACTIVITIES OF NATIONAL WILDLAND FIRE RISK RE13 DUCTION PROGRAM. 

14 The Program shall consist of the activities described 

15 under section 8, which shall be designed— 

16 (1) to support research and development, in17 cluding interdisciplinary research, related to fire en18 vironments, wildland fires, associated smoke, and 

19 their impacts, in furtherance of a coordinated inter20 agency effort to address wildland fire risk reduction; 

21 (2) to support data management and steward22 ship, the development and coordination of data sys23 tems and computational tools, and the creation of a 

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1 derstanding of fire environments, wildland fires, as2 sociated smoke, and their impacts, and the benefits 

3 of wildland fire risk mitigation measures; 

4 (3) to support the development of tools and 

5 technologies, including decision support tools and 

6 risk and hazard maps, to improve understanding, 

7 monitoring, and prediction of wildland fires and as8 sociated smoke and mitigation of their negative im9 pacts; 

10 (4) to support research and development activi11 ties to improve data, tools, and technologies that di12 rectly inform, support, and complement active land 

13 management, forest and habitat restoration, and 

14 healthy ecosystem practices executed by relevant 

15 Federal agencies and State, local, territorial, and 

16 Tribal entities; 

17 (5) to support education and training to expand 

18 the number of students and researchers in areas of 

19 study and research related to wildland fires; 

20 (6) to accelerate the translation of research re21 lated to wildland fires and associated smoke into op22 erations to reduce harm to communities, buildings, 

23 other infrastructure, and ecosystem services; 

24 (7) to conduct communication and outreach re25 garding wildland fire science and wildland fire risk 


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1 mitigation to communities, energy utilities and oper2 ators of other critical infrastructure, and other rel3 evant stakeholders; 

4 (8) to support research and development 

5 projects funded under joint solicitations or through 

6 memoranda of understanding between not fewer 

7 than 2 agencies participating in the Program; and 

8 (9) to disseminate, to the extent practicable, 

9 scientific data and related products and services in 

10 formats meeting shared standards to enhance the 

11 interoperability, usability, and accessibility of Pro12 gram agency data, including data under paragraph 

13 (2), in order to better meet the needs of Program 

14 agencies, other Federal agencies, and relevant stake15 holders. 

16 SEC. 5. INTERAGENCY COORDINATING COMMITTEE ON 

17 WILDLAND FIRE RISK REDUCTION. 

18 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.— 

19 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after 

20 the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director 

21 shall establish an interagency coordinating com22 mittee for the Program. 

23 (2) DESIGNATION.—The interagency coordi24 nating committee established under paragraph (1) 

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1 mittee on Wildland Fire Risk Reduction’’ (in this 

2 section the ‘‘Committee’’). 

3 (b) MEMBERSHIP.—The Committee shall be com4 posed of the following, or their designees: 

5 (1) The Director. 

6 (2) The Director of the Office of Science and 

7 Technology Policy. 

8 (3) The Director of the National Science Foun9 dation. 

10 (4) The Administrator of the National Oceanic 

11 and Atmospheric Administration. 

12 (5) The Administrator of the Federal Emer13 gency Management Agency. 

14 (6) The Administrator of the United States 

15 Fire Administration. 

16 (7) The Chief of the Forest Service. 

17 (8) The Administrator of the National Aero18 nautics and Space Administration. 

19 (9) The Administrator of the Environmental 

20 Protection Agency. 

21 (10) The Secretary of Energy. 

22 (11) The Director of the Office of Management 

23 and Budget. 

24 (12) The Secretary of the Interior. 


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1 (13) The Director of United States Geological 

2 Survey. 

3 (14) The Secretary of Health and Human Serv4 ices. 

5 (15) The Secretary of Defense. 

6 (16) The Secretary of Housing and Urban De7 velopment. 

8 (17) The Director of the National Institute of 

9 Food and Agriculture. 

10 (18) The head of any other Federal agency that 

11 the Director considers appropriate. 

12 (c) MEETINGS.—The members of the Committee 

13 shall meet not less than twice each year for the first 2 

14 years of the Committee and then not less frequently than 

15 once each year thereafter at the call of the Director. 

16 (d) CHAIRPERSONS.—The Director and the Director 

17 of the Office of Science and Technology Policy or their 

18 designees shall be co-chairpersons of the Committee. 

19 (e) GENERAL PURPOSE AND DUTIES.—The Com20 mittee shall oversee the planning, management, and co21 ordination of the Program and solicit stakeholder input 

22 on Program goals. 

23 (f) STRATEGIC PLAN.— 

24 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Committee shall develop 

25 and submit to Congress, not later than 2 years after 


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1 the date of the enactment of this Act, a strategic 

2 plan for the Program. 

3 (2) CONTENTS.—The strategic plan developed 

4 and submitted under paragraph (1) shall include the 

5 following: 

6 (A) Prioritized goals for the Program, con7 sistent with the purposes of the Program as de8 scribed in section 3(a). 

9 (B) Short-term, mid-term, and long-term 

10 research and development objectives to achieve 

11 those goals. 

12 (C) A description of the role of each Pro13 gram agency in achieving the prioritized goals. 

14 (D) A description of how the Committee 

15 will foster collaboration between and among the 

16 Program agencies and other Federal agencies to 

17 help meet the goals of the Program. 

18 (E) The methods by which progress toward 

19 the goals will be assessed. 

20 (F) An explanation of how the Program 

21 will foster the translation of research into meas22 urable reductions in the losses of life, property, 

23 and ecosystem services from wildland fires, in24 cluding recommended outcomes and metrics for 

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1 gram agencies will transition demonstrated 

2 technologies and research findings into decision 

3 support tools and operations. 

4 (G) A description of the research infra5 structure, including databases and computa6 tional tools, needed to accomplish the research 

7 and development objectives outlined in subpara8 graph (B), a description of how research infra9 structure in existence at the time of the devel10 opment of the plan will be used to meet the ob11 jectives, an explanation of how new research in12 frastructure will be developed to meet the objec13 tives, and a description of how the Program will 

14 implement the integrated data collaboration en15 vironment per section 4(2). 

16 (H) A description of how Program agen17 cies will collaborate with stakeholders and take 

18 into account stakeholder needs and rec19 ommendations in developing research and devel20 opment objectives. 

21 (I) Recommendations on the most effective 

22 means to integrate the research results into 

23 wildland fire preparedness and response actions 

24 across Federal, State, local, Tribal, and terri25 torial levels. 


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1 (J) Guidance on how the Committee’s rec2 ommendations are best used in climate adapta3 tion planning for Federal, State, local, Tribal, 

4 and territorial entities. 

5 (K) A nationally recognized, consensus6 based definition of wildland-urban interface and 

7 other key terms and definitions relating to 

8 wildland fire, developed in consideration of the 

9 meaning given such term in section 4 of the 

10 Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act of 

11 1974 (15 U.S.C. 2203). 

12 (L) A description of opportunities to sup13 port new areas of research and development 

14 and new types of collaborations that seek to op15 timize building and landscape design across 

16 multiple resilience goals, including resilience to 

17 wildland fires and other natural hazards, energy 

18 efficiency, and environmental sustainability. 

19 (3) UPDATES.—Not later than 6 years after the 

20 date of the enactment of this Act and not less fre21 quently than once every 4 years thereafter, the Com22 mittee shall update the strategic plan developed 

23 under paragraph (1). 

24 (g) COORDINATION WITH OTHER FEDERAL EF25 FORTS.—To the extent practicable, the Committee shall 


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1 ensure that the activities of the Program are coordinated 

2 with, and not duplicative of, other relevant Federal initia3 tives and interagency bodies, as appropriate, including— 

4 (1) the Joint Fire Science Program; 

5 (2) the Wildland Fire Leadership Council; 

6 (3) the Wildland Fire Management Policy Com7 mittee; 

8 (4) the Wildland Fire Mitigation and Manage9 ment Commission; 

10 (5) the National Interagency Fire Center; 

11 (6) the National Interagency Coordination Cen12 ter; 

13 (7) the National Predictive Services Oversight 

14 Group; 

15 (8) the Interagency Council for Advancing Me16 teorological Services; 

17 (9) the National Windstorm Impact Reduction 

18 Program; 

19 (10) the National Multi-Agency Coordinating 

20 Group; and 

21 (11) the Mitigation Framework Leadership 

22 Group. 

23 (h) ASSESSMENT OF NEED FOR NATIONAL ACAD24 EMIES OF SCIENCES, ENGINEERING, AND MEDICINE

25 STUDY.— 


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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Committee shall as2 sess— 

3 (A) the need for a study, or a series of 

4 studies, to be conducted by the National Acad5 emies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; 

6 and 

7 (B) how such a study or studies could help 

8 identify research areas for further study and in9 form research objectives, including further re10 search into the interactions between climate 

11 change and wildland fires. 

12 (2) BRIEFING.—Not later than 1 year after the 

13 date of the enactment of this Act, the Committee 

14 shall brief the Committee on Commerce, Science, 

15 and Transportation of the Senate and the Com16 mittee on Space, Science, and Technology of the 

17 House of Representatives and on the findings of the 

18 Committee with respect to the assessment conducted 

19 under paragraph (1). 

20 (i) PROGRESS REPORT.— 

21 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 540 days 

22 after the date of the submittal of the first strategic 

23 plan under subsection (f) and not less frequently 

24 than once every 2 years thereafter, the Committee 


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1 shall submit to Congress a report on the progress of 

2 the Program. 

3 (2) CONTENTS.—Each report submitted under 

4 paragraph (1) shall include, for the period covered 

5 by the report, the following: 

6 (A) A description of the activities funded 

7 under the Program, a description of how those 

8 activities align with the prioritized goals and re9 search objectives established in the strategic 

10 plan under subsection (f), and the budgets, per 

11 agency, for these activities. 

12 (B) The outcomes achieved by the Pro13 gram for each of the goals identified in the 

14 Strategic Plan. 

15 SEC. 6. NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON WILDLAND 

16 FIRE RISK REDUCTION. 

17 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.— 

18 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall establish 

19 an advisory committee on wildland fire risk reduc20 tion. 

21 (2) DESIGNATION.—The committee established 

22 under paragraph (1) shall be known as the ‘‘Na23 tional Advisory Committee on Wildland Fire Risk 

24 Reduction’’ (in this section referred to as the ‘‘Advi25 sory Committee’’). 


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1 (b) COMPOSITION.— 

2 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Advisory Committee 

3 shall be composed of not fewer than 7 and not more 

4 than 15 members selected by the Director from 

5 among those who the Director considers are quali6 fied to provide advice on wildland fire risk reduction 

7 and represent related scientific, architectural, and 

8 engineering disciplines, including the following: 

9 (A) Representatives of research and aca10 demic institutions. 

11 (B) Standards development organizations. 

12 (C) Emergency management agencies. 

13 (D) State, local, Tribal, and territorial gov14 ernments. 

15 (E) Business communities. 

16 (F) Such others as the Director considers 

17 appropriate. 

18 (2) LIMITATION.—None of the members of the 

19 Advisory Committee may be employees of the Fed20 eral Government. 

21 (c) DUTIES.—The Advisory Committee shall carry 

22 out assessments and develop recommendations on— 

23 (1) trends and developments in the natural, en24 gineering, and social sciences and practices of wild25 fire risk mitigation; 


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1 (2) the priorities of the Program’s strategic 

2 plan described in section 5(f); 

3 (3) the management, coordination, implementa4 tion, and activities of the Program; 

5 (4) the effectiveness of the Program in meeting 

6 its purposes; and 

7 (5) any need to revise the Program. 

8 (d) COMPENSATION.—The members of the Advisory 

9 Committee shall serve without compensation. 

10 (e) BIENNIAL REPORTS.—Not less frequently than 

11 once every 2 years, the Advisory Committee shall submit 

12 to the Director a report on the assessments carried out 

13 under subsection (b) and the recommendations developed 

14 under such subsection. 

15 (f) CHARTER.—Notwithstanding section 14(b)(2) of 

16 the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.), the 

17 Advisory Committee shall not be required to file a charter 

18 subsequent to its initial charter, filed under section 9(c) 

19 of such Act, before the termination date specified in sub20 section (g) of this section. 

21 (g) TERMINATION.—The Advisory Committee shall 

22 terminate on September 30, 2026. 

23 (h) CONFLICT OF INTEREST.—An Advisory Com24 mittee member shall recuse themselves from any Advisory 


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1 Committee activity in which they have an actual pecuniary 

2 interest. 

3 SEC. 7. REVIEW BY COMPTROLLER GENERAL OF THE 

4 UNITED STATES. 

5 Not later than 3 years after the date of the enact6 ment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 

7 States shall— 

8 (1) evaluate the progress and performance of 

9 the Program in establishing and making progress to10 ward the goals of the Program as set forth in this 

11 Act; 

12 (2) develop such recommendations as the 

13 Comptroller General determines are appropriate to 

14 improve the Program; and 

15 (3) submit to Congress a report on— 

16 (A) the findings of the Comptroller Gen17 eral with respect to the evaluation carried out 

18 under paragraph (1); and 

19 (B) such recommendations as the Comp20 troller General may have developed under para21 graph (2). 

22 SEC. 8. RESPONSIBILITIES OF NATIONAL WILDLAND FIRE 

23 RISK REDUCTION PROGRAM AGENCIES. 

24 (a) DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF

25 STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY.— 


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1 (1) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVI2 TIES.—The Director shall— 

3 (A) carry out research on the effect of 

4 wildland fires on communities, buildings, and 

5 other infrastructure, including structure-to6 structure transmission of fire and spread within 

7 communities; 

8 (B) carry out research on the generation of 

9 firebrands and firebrand showers in wildland 

10 fires and on methods and materials to prevent 

11 or reduce firebrand ignition of communities, 

12 buildings, and other infrastructure; 

13 (C) carry out research on novel materials, 

14 systems, structures, and construction designs to 

15 harden structures, parcels, and communities to 

16 the impact of wildland fires; 

17 (D) carry out research on the impact of 

18 environmental factors on wildland fire behavior, 

19 including wind, terrain, and moisture; 

20 (E) support the development of perform21 ance-based tools to mitigate the effect of 

22 wildland fires, and work with appropriate 

23 groups to promote and assist in the use of such 

24 tools, including through model building codes 

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1 untary consensus standards, and construction 

2 and retrofit best practices; 

3 (F) in collaboration with the United States 

4 Fire Administration, carry out research and de5 velopment of decontamination methods and 

6 technologies for firefighting gear on and off the 

7 field; 

8 (G) develop and execute a research plan on 

9 public safety communication coordination 

10 standards among Federal, State, local, terri11 torial, and Tribal wildland firefighters, fire 

12 management response officials, and the Na13 tional Interagency Fire Center; 

14 (H) carry out research to improve and in15 tegrate existing communications systems to 

16 transmit secure, real-time data, alerts, and ac17 curate advisories to wildland firefighters; 

18 (I) carry out both live and virtual field 

19 testing and measurement of equipment, soft20 ware, and other technologies to determine cur21 rent effectiveness and timeliness of information 

22 dissemination and develop standards and best 

23 practices for the delivery of useful and secure 

24 real-time data to wildland firefighters; and 


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1 (J) develop and publish recommendations 

2 to improve public safety communication coordi3 nation standards among wildland firefighters 

4 and member agencies of the National Inter5 agency Fire Center, including providing such 

6 recommendations to the Office of Budget and 

7 Management and the Office of Science and 

8 Technology Policy. 

9 (2) WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE FIRE POST10 INVESTIGATIONS.—The Director shall— 

11 (A) coordinate Federal post-wildland fire 

12 investigations of fires at the wildland-urban 

13 interface; and 

14 (B) develop methodologies, in coordination 

15 with the Administrator of the Federal Emer16 gency Management Agency and in consultation 

17 with relevant stakeholders, to characterize the 

18 effect of wildland fires on communities and the 

19 impact of changes in building and fire codes, in20 cluding methodologies— 

21 (i) for collecting, inventorying, and 

22 analyzing information on the performance 

23 of communities, buildings, and other infra24 structure in wildland fires; and 


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1 (ii) for improved collection of perti2 nent information from different sources, 

3 including first responders, the design and 

4 construction industry, insurance compa5 nies, and building officials. 

6 (b) DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDA7 TION.— 

8 (1) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVI9 TIES.—The Director of the National Science Foun10 dation shall support research and development ac11 tivities, including large-scale convergent research— 

12 (A) to improve the understanding and pre13 diction of wildland fire risks, including the con14 ditions that increase the likelihood of a wildland 

15 fire, the behavior of wildland fires, and the im16 pacts of wildland fires on buildings, commu17 nities, infrastructure, watersheds, ecosystems, 

18 and living systems; 

19 (B) to develop and improve research infra20 structure, tools, and technologies, including sen21 sors and sensor networks, databases, and com22 putational models, to enable and accelerate the 

23 understanding and prediction of wildland fires 

24 and their impacts; 


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1 (C) to improve the understanding of the 

2 impacts of climate change, drought, and climate 

3 variability on wildland fires, including wildland 

4 fire risk, frequency, size, and severity; 

5 (D) to improve the understanding of long6 term wildland fire management strategies, in7 cluding natural fire regimes, and wildland fire 

8 prediction, mitigation, and resilience strategies; 

9 and 

10 (E) to improve the understanding of— 

11 (i) the response to wildland fire risk 

12 communications by individuals, commu13 nities, and policymakers; 

14 (ii) economic, social, and other factors 

15 influencing the implementation and adop16 tion of wildland fire risk reduction meas17 ures by individuals, communities, and pol18 icymakers; and 

19 (iii) decision making regarding 

20 wildland fires and emergency response to 

21 wildland fires. 

22 (2) WILDLAND FIRE STUDENTS AND TRAIN23 EES.—The Director of the National Science Founda24 tion shall support undergraduate and graduate re25 search opportunities and graduate and postdoctoral 


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1 fellowships and traineeships in fields of study rel2 evant to wildland fires and their impacts. 

3 (c) ADMINISTRATOR OF THE NATIONAL OCEANIC

4 AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION.— 

5 (1) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVI6 TIES.—The Administrator of the National Oceanic 

7 and Atmospheric Administration shall support re8 search and development activities, including re9 search, observations, modeling, forecasting, pre10 diction, and historical analysis of wildland fires and 

11 associated fire weather and smoke— 

12 (A) to improve understanding, prediction, 

13 detection, forecasting, monitoring, and assess14 ments of wildland fires and associated fire 

15 weather and smoke for— 

16 (i) the protection of life, property, and 

17 natural resources; and 

18 (ii) the enhancement of the national 

19 economy; 

20 (B) to develop products and services to 

21 meet stakeholder needs; 

22 (C) to transition physical and social 

23 science research into operations; 

24 (D) to improve modeling and technology, 

25 including coupled fire-atmosphere fire behavior 


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1 modeling, in consultation with relevant Federal 

2 agencies; 

3 (E) to improve the understanding of the 

4 links between fire weather events and subsea5 sonal-to-climate impacts; and 

6 (F) to improve the forecasting and under7 standing of the impacts of prescribed fires and 

8 how such impacts differ from those of wildland 

9 fires which originate from an unplanned igni10 tion. 

11 (2) WEATHER FORECASTING AND DECISION

12 SUPPORT FOR WILDLAND FIRES.—The Adminis13 trator shall— 

14 (A) develop and provide, in consultation 

15 with such Federal agencies as the Adminis16 trator considers appropriate, accurate, precise, 

17 timely, and effective risk communications, fore18 casts, watches, and warnings relating to 

19 wildland fires and fire weather events that en20 danger life and property, including— 

21 (i) red flag warnings; 

22 (ii) operational fire weather alerts; 

23 and 

24 (iii) any other warnings or alerts the 

25 Administrator deems appropriate; 


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1 (B) provide relevant stakeholders and the 

2 public with impact-based decision support serv3 ices, seasonal climate predictions, air quality 

4 products, and smoke forecasts; and 

5 (C) provide on-site weather forecasts, sea6 sonal climate predictions, and other decision 

7 support to wildland fire incident command 

8 posts, including by deploying incident mete9 orologists for the duration of an extreme event. 

10 (3) WILDLAND FIRE DATA.—The Administrator 

11 shall contribute to and support the centralized, inte12 grated data collaboration environment pursuant to 

13 section 4(2) and any other relevant Federal data 

14 systems by ensuring— 

15 (A) interoperability, usability, and accessi16 bility of the National Oceanographic and At17 mospheric Administration data and tools relat18 ing to wildland fires, associated smoke, and 

19 their impacts; 

20 (B) inclusion of historical wildland fire in21 cident and fire weather data, and identifying 

22 potential gaps in such data; and 

23 (C) the acquisition or collection of addi24 tional data that is needed to advance wildland 

25 fire science. 


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1 (4) WILDLAND FIRE AND FIRE WEATHER SUR2 VEILLANCE AND OBSERVATIONS.—The Adminis3 trator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad4 ministration, in coordination with the Administrator 

5 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administra6 tion and in consultation with relevant stakeholders, 

7 shall— 

8 (A) leverage available observations, tech9 nologies, and assets and develop or acquire new 

10 technologies and data to sustain and enhance 

11 environmental observations used for wildland 

12 fire prediction and detection, fire weather and 

13 smoke forecasting and monitoring, and post14 wildland fire recovery, with a focus on— 

15 (i) collecting data for pre-ignition 

16 analysis, such as drought, fuel conditions, 

17 and soil moisture, that will help predict se18 vere wildland fire conditions on subsea19 sonal to decadal timescales; 

20 (ii) supporting identification and clas21 sification of fire environments to determine 

22 vulnerability to wildland fires and rapid 

23 wildland fire growth; 

24 (iii) detecting, observing, and moni25 toring wildland fires and smoke; 


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1 (iv) supporting research on the inter2 action of weather and wildland fire behav3 ior; and 

4 (v) supporting post-fire assessments 

5 conducted by Program agencies and rel6 evant stakeholders; 

7 (B) prioritize the ability to detect, observe, 

8 and monitor wildland fire and smoke in the re9 quirements of the National Oceanic and Atmos10 pheric Administration for current and future 

11 operational space-based assessments and com12 mercial data purchases; and 

13 (C) not later than 1 year after the date of 

14 the enactment of this Act— 

15 (i) may offer to enter into contracts 

16 with one or more entities to obtain addi17 tional space-based and airborne remoting 

18 sensing data and observations that may 

19 enhance or supplement— 

20 (I) the understanding, moni21 toring, prediction, and mitigation of 

22 wildland fire risks; and 

23 (II) the relevant Program activi24 ties under section 4; and 


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1 (ii) in carrying out clause (i), shall 

2 consult with private sector entities through 

3 the Advisory Committee established under 

4 section 6 to identify needed tools and data 

5 that can best be provided by satellites of 

6 the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad7 ministration and are most beneficial to 

8 wildland fire smoke detection and moni9 toring. 

10 (5) FIRE WEATHER TESTBED.—In collaboration 

11 with Program agencies and other relevant stake12 holders, the Administrator of the National Oceanic 

13 and Atmospheric Administration shall establish a 

14 fire weather testbed to evaluate physical and social 

15 science research, technology, and other available 

16 data and research to develop fire weather products 

17 and services for implementation by relevant stake18 holders. 

19 (6) EXTRAMURAL RESEARCH.—The Adminis20 trator shall— 

21 (A) collaborate with and support the non22 Federal wildland fire research community, 

23 which includes institutions of higher education, 

24 private entities, nongovernmental organizations, 

25 and other relevant stakeholders, by making 


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1 funds available through competitive grants, con2 tracts, and cooperative agreements; and 

3 (B) in carrying out the program under 

4 subparagraph (A), the Administrator, in col5 laboration with other relevant Federal agencies, 

6 may establish one or more national centers for 

7 prescribed fire and wildfire sciences that lever8 age Federal research and development with uni9 versity and nongovernmental partnerships. 

10 (7) HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING.—The 

11 Administrator, in consultation with the Secretary of 

12 Energy, shall acquire high performance computing 

13 technologies and supercomputing technologies, 

14 leveraging existing resources, as practicable— 

15 (A) to conduct research and development 

16 activities; 

17 (B) to support the translation of Program18 related research to operations; and 

19 (C) to host operational fire and smoke 

20 forecast models. 

21 (8) INCIDENT METEOROLOGIST WORKFORCE AS22 SESSMENT.— 

23 (A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 

24 days after the date of the enactment of this 

25 Act, the Administrator shall submit to the ComVerDate Sep 11 2014 04:29 May 27, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S4274.IS S4274

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1 mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor2 tation of the Senate and the Committee on 

3 Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 

4 Representatives the results of an assessment of 

5 National Weather Service workforce and train6 ing challenges for incident meteorologists and a 

7 roadmap for overcoming the challenges identi8 fied. 

9 (B) CONSIDERATIONS.—The assessment 

10 described in subparagraph (A) shall take into 

11 consideration— 

12 (i) information technology support; 

13 (ii) logistical and administrative oper14 ations; 

15 (iii) anticipated weather and climate 

16 conditions; and 

17 (iv) feedback from relevant stake18 holders. 

19 (C) CONTENTS.—The assessment de20 scribed in subparagraph (A) shall include, to 

21 the maximum extent practicable, an identifica22 tion by the National Weather Service of— 

23 (i) the expected number of incident 

24 meteorologists needed over the next 5 

25 years; 


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1 (ii) potential hiring authorities nec2 essary to overcome identified workforce 

3 and training challenges; and 

4 (iii) alternative services or assistance 

5 operations the National Weather Service 

6 could provide to meet operational needs. 

7 (d) ADMINISTRATOR OF THE FEDERAL EMERGENCY

8 MANAGEMENT AGENCY.— 

9 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator of the 

10 Federal Emergency Management Agency shall sup11 port— 

12 (A) the development of community risk as13 sessment tools and effective mitigation tech14 niques for responding to wildland fires, includ15 ing at the wildland-urban interface; 

16 (B) the collection and analysis of data re17 lating to wildland and wildland-urban interface 

18 fire and operational response; 

19 (C) public outreach, education, and infor20 mation dissemination relating to wildland fires 

21 and wildland fire risk; and 

22 (D) the promotion of wildland and 

23 wildland-urban interface fire preparedness and 

24 community risk reduction measures, includ25 ing— 


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1 (i) hardening the wildland-urban 

2 interface through proper construction ma3 terials; 

4 (ii) land use practices; 

5 (iii) sprinklers; 

6 (iv) assessment of State, local, Tribal, 

7 and territorial emergency response capacity 

8 and capabilities, including evacuation plan9 ning and evacuation routes; and 

10 (v) other tools and approaches as ap11 propriate. 

12 (2) FIRE-RESISTANT PRACTICES.—In collabora13 tion with the Director and the heads of such other 

14 Program agencies as the Administrator considers 

15 appropriate, the Administrator shall— 

16 (A) promote and assist in the implementa17 tion of research results; and 

18 (B) promote fire-resistant building, ret19 rofit, and land use practices within the design 

20 and construction industry, including architects, 

21 engineers, contractors, builders, planners, code 

22 officials, and inspectors. 

23 (3) KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER AND DISSEMINA24 TION.—The Administrator shall— 


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1 (A) establish and operate a wildland fire 

2 preparedness and mitigation technical assist3 ance program to assist State, Tribal, local, and 

4 territorial governments in using wildland fire 

5 mitigation strategies, including through the 

6 adoption and implementation of wildland and 

7 wildland-urban interface fire resistance codes, 

8 standards, and land use; 

9 (B) incorporate wildland and wildland10 urban interface fire risk mitigation and loss 

11 avoidance data into the existing risk, mitiga12 tion, and loss avoidance analyses of the Federal 

13 Emergency Management Agency; 

14 (C) incorporate data on the adoption and 

15 implementation of wildland and wildland-urban 

16 interface fire resistant codes and standards into 

17 the hazard resistant code tracking resources of 

18 the Federal Emergency Management Agency; 

19 (D) translate new information and re20 search findings into best practices to improve 

21 training and education for firefighter, fire serv22 ice, and allied professions in wildland fire re23 sponse, crew deployment, and wildland fire re24 silience, prevention, mitigation, and firefighting; 


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1 (E) conduct outreach and disseminate in2 formation to fire departments regarding best 

3 practices for wildland and wildland-urban inter4 face firefighting, education, training, and 

5 fireground deployment; and 

6 (F) develop resources regarding best prac7 tices for establishing or enhancing peer-support 

8 programs within wildland fire firefighting units. 

9 (4) WILDLAND FIRE HAZARD SEVERITY MAP.— 

10 The Administrator shall, in collaboration with such 

11 other heads of Program agencies and stakeholders 

12 as the Administrator considers appropriate, develop 

13 a national-level, interactive, and publicly accessible 

14 wildland fire hazard severity map that includes com15 munity and parcel level data and that can readily in16 tegrate with risk gradations within wildland and 

17 wildland-urban interface fire resistant codes and 

18 standards. 

19 (5) PFAS STUDY.—The Administrator shall, in 

20 coordination with the Director and such other heads 

21 of Federal agencies as the Administrator considers 

22 appropriate, carry out a study to— 

23 (A) examine perfluoroalkyl and 

24 polyfluoroalkyl substances (‘‘PFAS’’) and other 


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1 potentially harmful contaminants in firefighter 

2 gear, fire retardants, and wetting agents; 

3 (B) determine the lifecycle of firefighting 

4 garments; and 

5 (C) evaluate exposure risks based on dif6 ferent phases of the fire. 

7 (e) ADMINISTRATOR OF THE NATIONAL AERO8 NAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION.— 

9 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator of the 

10 National Aeronautics and Space Administration 

11 shall— 

12 (A) support relevant basic and applied sci13 entific research and modeling; 

14 (B) ensure the use in the Program of all 

15 relevant National Aeronautics and Space Ad16 ministration Earth observations data for max17 imum utility; 

18 (C) explore and apply novel tools and tech19 nologies in the activities of the Program; 

20 (D) support the translation of research to 

21 operations, including to Program agencies and 

22 relevant stakeholders; 

23 (E) facilitate the communication of 

24 wildland fire research, knowledge, and tools to 

25 relevant stakeholders; and 


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1 (F) use commercial data where such data 

2 is available and accessible through existing Fed3 eral Government commercial contracts, agree4 ments, or other means, and purchase data that 

5 is deemed necessary based on consultation with 

6 other Program agencies. 

7 (2) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVI8 TIES.—The Administrator shall support basic and 

9 applied wildland fire research and modeling activi10 ties, including competitively selected research— 

11 (A) to improve understanding and pre12 diction of fire environments, wildland fires, as13 sociated smoke, and their impacts; 

14 (B) to improve the understanding of the 

15 impacts of climate change, drought, and climate 

16 variability on wildland fire risk, frequency, size, 

17 and severity; 

18 (C) to characterize the pre-fire phase and 

19 fire-inducing conditions, such as soil moisture 

20 and vegetative fuel availability; 

21 (D) to characterize the active fire phase, 

22 such as fire and smoke plume mapping, fire be23 havior and spread modeling, and domestic and 

24 global fire activity; 


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1 (E) to characterize the post-fire phase, 

2 such as landscape changes, air quality, erosion, 

3 landslides, watershed impacts, and impacts on 

4 carbon distributions in ecosystem biomass; 

5 (F) to contribute to advancing predictive 

6 wildland fire models; 

7 (G) to address other relevant investigations 

8 and measurements prioritized by the National 

9 Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medi10 cine Decadal Survey on Earth Science and Ap11 plications from Space; 

12 (H) to improve the translation of research 

13 knowledge into actionable information; 

14 (I) to develop research and data products, 

15 including maps, decision-support information, 

16 and tools, and support related training as ap17 propriate and practicable; 

18 (J) to collaborate with other Program 

19 agencies and relevant stakeholders, as appro20 priate, on joint research and development 

21 projects, including research grant solicitations 

22 and field campaigns; and 

23 (K) to transition research advances to op24 erations, including to Program agencies and rel25 evant stakeholders, as practicable. 


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1 (3) WILDLAND FIRE DATA SYSTEMS AND COM2 PUTATIONAL TOOLS.—The Administrator shall— 

3 (A) identify, from the National Aero4 nautics and Space Administration’s Earth 

5 science data systems, data, including combined 

6 data products, that can contribute to improving 

7 the understanding, monitoring, prediction, and 

8 mitigation of wildland fires and their impacts, 

9 including data related to fire weather, plume 

10 dynamics, smoke and fire behavior, impacts of 

11 climate change, drought, and climate variability, 

12 land and property burned, and wildlife and eco13 system destruction, among other areas; 

14 (B) prioritize the dissemination of data 

15 identified under subparagraph (A) to the widest 

16 extent practicable to support relevant research 

17 and operations stakeholders; 

18 (C) consider opportunities to support the 

19 Program under section 3 and the Program ac20 tivities under section 4 when planning and de21 veloping Earth observation satellites, instru22 ments, and airborne measurement platforms; 

23 (D) identify opportunities, in collaboration 

24 with Program agencies and relevant stake25 holders, to acquire additional airborne and 


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1 space-based data and observations that may en2 hance or supplement the understanding, moni3 toring, prediction, and mitigation of wildland 

4 fire risks and other relevant Program activities 

5 under section 4, and consider such options as 

6 commercial solutions, including commercial 

7 data purchases, prize authority, academic part8 nerships, and ground-based or space-based in9 struments, as practicable and appropriate; and 

10 (E) jointly develop with Program agencies, 

11 and contribute data to, the centralized, inte12 grated data collaboration environment pursuant 

13 to section 4(2) and any other relevant inter14 agency systems, by— 

15 (i) collecting, organizing, and inte16 grating the National Aeronautics and 

17 Space Administration’s scientific data, 

18 data systems, and computational tools re19 lated to wildland fires, associated smoke, 

20 and their impacts; and 

21 (ii) enhancing the interoperability, 

22 usability, and accessibility of the National 

23 Aeronautics and Space Administration’s 

24 scientific data, data systems, and computa25 tional tools, including— 


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1 (I) observation and available real2 time and near-real-time measure3 ments; 

4 (II) derived science and data 

5 products, such as fuel conditions, risk 

6 and spread maps, and data products 

7 to represent the wildland-urban inter8 face; 

9 (III) relevant historical and ar10 chival observations, measurements, 

11 and derived science and data prod12 ucts; and 

13 (IV) other relevant decision sup14 port and information tools. 

15 (4) UNIFIED CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS.—The 

16 Administrator shall, in collaboration with such other 

17 heads of Program agencies and relevant stakeholders 

18 as the Administrators considers as practicable and 

19 appropriate, establish a program— 

20 (A) to develop and demonstrate a unified 

21 concept of operations for the safe and effective 

22 deployment of diverse air capabilities in active 

23 wildland fire monitoring, mitigation, and risk 

24 reduction; 

25 (B) to develop— 


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1 (i) and demonstrate a wildland fire 

2 airspace operations system accounting for 

3 piloted aircraft, uncrewed aerial systems, 

4 and other new and emerging capabilities 

5 such as autonomous and high-altitude as6 sets; 

7 (ii) an interoperable communications 

8 strategy to support such system; and 

9 (iii) a roadmap for the on-ramping of 

10 new technologies, capabilities, or entities 

11 into such system; and 

12 (C) to identify— 

13 (i) additional development, testing, 

14 and demonstration that would be required 

15 to expand the scale of program operations; 

16 (ii) actions that would be required to 

17 transition the unified concept of operations 

18 in subparagraph (A) into ongoing, oper19 ational use; and 

20 (iii) other objectives for the program, 

21 as deemed appropriate by the Adminis22 trator. 

23 (5) SENSING FOR ACTIVE WILDFIRE MONI24 TORING AND RISK MITIGATION.—The Administrator 

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1 gram agencies and relevant stakeholders as the Ad2 ministrator considers practicable and appropriate— 

3 (A) develop and demonstrate affordable 

4 and deployable sensing technologies to im5 prove— 

6 (i) monitoring of fire fuel and active 

7 wildland fires; 

8 (ii) wildland fire behavior models and 

9 forecasts; 

10 (iii) mapping efforts; and 

11 (iv) the prediction of wildland fires 

12 and mitigation of their negative impacts; 

13 and 

14 (B) in carrying out subparagraph (A)— 

15 (i) conduct a pilot program to test 

16 and demonstrate technologies such as in17 frared, microwave, and radar sensors suit18 able for deployment on spacecraft, aircraft, 

19 uncrewed aerial systems, and ground-based 

20 in situ platforms, as appropriate and prac21 ticable; 

22 (ii) develop and demonstrate afford23 able and deployable sensing technologies 

24 that can be transitioned to operations for 


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1 collection of near-real-time localized meas2 urements; 

3 (iii) develop and demonstrate near4 real-time data processing, availability, 

5 interoperability, and visualization, as prac6 ticable; 

7 (iv) identify opportunities and actions 

8 required, in collaboration with Program 

9 agencies and relevant stakeholders, to 

10 transition relevant technologies, tech11 niques, and data to science operations 

12 upon successful demonstration of the feasi13 bility and scientific utility of such tech14 nologies, techniques, and data; 

15 (v) transition demonstrated tech16 nologies, techniques, and data into ongo17 ing, operational use, including to Program 

18 agencies and relevant stakeholders; 

19 (vi) prioritize and facilitate, to the 

20 greatest extent practicable, the dissemina21 tion of relevant scientific data to oper22 ations, including to Program agencies and 

23 relevant stakeholders; and 

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1 ment, National Laboratories, academic in2 stitutions, non-profit organizations, and 

3 other relevant stakeholders. 

4 (f) ADMINISTRATOR OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PRO5 TECTION AGENCY.— 

6 (1) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVI7 TIES.—The Administrator of the Environmental 

8 Protection Agency shall support research and devel9 opment activities— 

10 (A) to improve the understanding of— 

11 (i) wildland fire and smoke impacts on 

12 communities, and outdoor and indoor air 

13 quality, watersheds and water quality, and 

14 freshwater ecosystems; 

15 (ii) wildland fire smoke plume charac16 teristics, chemical composition, chemical 

17 transformation, and transport; 

18 (iii) wildland fire and smoke impacts 

19 on contaminant containment and remedi20 ation; 

21 (iv) the contribution of wildland fire 

22 emissions to climate-forcing emissions; 

23 (v) differences between the impacts of 

24 prescribed fires, as compared to other 


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1 wildland fires, on communities and air and 

2 water quality; and 

3 (vi) climate change, drought, and cli4 mate variability on wildland fires and 

5 smoke plumes, including on smoke expo6 sure; 

7 (B) to develop and improve tools, sensors, 

8 and technologies, including databases and com9 putational models, to accelerate the under10 standing, monitoring, and prediction of wildland 

11 fires and smoke exposure; and 

12 (C) to better integrate observational data, 

13 such as remote sensing data from academic, 

14 governmental, or commercial sources, into 

15 wildland fire and smoke characterization models 

16 to improve modeling at finer temporal and spa17 tial resolutions. 

18 (2) RISK REDUCTION COMMUNICATION STRATE19 GIES.—The Administrator shall, in coordination with 

20 such other heads of Federal agencies and stake21 holders as the Administrator considers appropriate, 

22 promote the translation of research findings under 

23 this subsection and improve communication of 

24 wildland fire and smoke risk reduction strategies to 

25 the public. 


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1 (g) SECRETARY OF ENERGY.— 

2 (1) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVI3 TIES.—The Secretary of Energy shall, in collabora4 tion with the National Laboratories, carry out re5 search and development activities to advance tools, 

6 techniques, and technologies, as the Secretary con7 siders applicable, for— 

8 (A) withstanding and addressing the cur9 rent and projected impacts of wildland fires on 

10 energy sector infrastructure; 

11 (B) providing real-time or near-time 

12 awareness of the risks posed by wildland fires 

13 to the operation of energy infrastructure in af14 fected and potentially affected areas, including 

15 by leveraging the Department of Energy’s high16 performance computing capabilities and climate 

17 and ecosystem models; 

18 (C) early detection of malfunctioning, dam19 aged, or otherwise hazardous electrical equip20 ment on the transmission and distribution grid, 

21 including detection of spark ignition that may 

22 cause wildland fires, and assessment of com23 peting technologies and strategies for address24 ing such hazards; 


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1 (D) assisting with the planning, safe exe2 cution of, and safe and timely restoration of 

3 power after emergency power shut offs relating 

4 to wildland fire risk due to malfunctioning or 

5 damaged grid infrastructure; 

6 (E) improving electric grid and energy sec7 tor safety and resilience in the event of multiple 

8 simultaneous or co-located weather or climate 

9 events leading to extreme conditions, such as 

10 extreme wind, wildland fires, extreme cold, ex11 treme or exceptional drought, and extreme heat; 

12 (F) improving coordination between utili13 ties and relevant Federal agencies to enable 

14 communication, information-sharing, and situa15 tional awareness in the event of wildland fires 

16 that impact the electric grid; 

17 (G) wildland fire forecasting, spread, and 

18 ecosystem impact; 

19 (H) considering optimal building energy ef20 ficiency practices and distributed renewable en21 ergy resource strategies, as practicable, in 

22 wildland fire research; and 

23 (I) considering the use of real-time satellite 

24 views, sensing wind patterns, and tracking op25 erations of energy infrastructure service coupled 


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1 with artificial intelligence to quickly predict fire 

2 patterns once they have ignited and use these 

3 predictions to devise plans to prevent damage to 

4 energy sector infrastructure. 

5 (2) TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE RESIL6 IENCE AND RISK REDUCTION.—The Secretary shall 

7 coordinate data across relevant entities, including 

8 academic, governmental, National Laboratory, and 

9 other stakeholders, to improve the understanding of 

10 wildland fire and to promote resilience and wildland 

11 fire prevention in the planning, design, construction, 

12 operation, and maintenance of transmission infra13 structure. 

14 (3) NATIONAL LABORATORIES.—The Secretary 

15 shall use the capabilities of the National Labora16 tories, including user facilities, earth and environ17 mental systems modeling resources, and high-per18 formance computing and data analytics capabilities, 

19 to improve the accuracy of efforts to understand and 

20 predict wildfire behavior and occurrence and miti21 gate negative wildland fire impacts. 

22 (4) ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF

23 POWER DISRUPTIONS.—The Secretary shall foster 

24 engagement between the National Laboratories and 

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1 ties, and other entities, as appropriate, to under2 stand the economic and social implications of power 

3 disruptions caused by wildland fires, particularly 

4 within disadvantaged communities and regions vul5 nerable to wildland fires, including rural areas. 

6 SEC. 9. BUDGET ACTIVITIES. 

7 Beginning with the first submittal of the budget of 

8 the President under section 1105(a) of title 31, United 

9 States Code, after the date of the enactment of this Act, 

10 the Director, the Director of the National Science Founda11 tion, the Administrator of the National Oceanic and At12 mospheric Administration, the Director of the Federal 

13 Emergency Management Agency, the Administrator of the 

14 National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Ad15 ministrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, and 

16 the Secretary of Energy shall each ensure that whenever 

17 the budget justification materials are submitted to Con18 gress in support of their respective Federal agencies under 

19 such section, such budget justification materials include 

20 a description of the projected activities of the respective 

21 agency under the Program for the fiscal year covered by 

22 the budget and an estimate of the amount such agency 

23 plans to spend on such activities for the relevant fiscal 

24 year. 


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1 SEC. 10. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR NA2 TIONAL WILDLAND FIRE RISK REDUCTION 

3 PROGRAM. 

4 (a) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND

5 TECHNOLOGY.—There are authorized to be appropriated 

6 to the National Institute of Standards and Technology to 

7 carry out this Act amounts as follows: 

8 (1) $35,800,000 for fiscal year 2022. 

9 (2) $36,100,000 for fiscal year 2023. 

10 (3) $36,400,000 for fiscal year 2024. 

11 (4) $36,700,000 for fiscal year 2025. 

12 (5) $37,100,000 for fiscal year 2026. 

13 (b) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMIN14 ISTRATION.—There are authorized to be appropriated to 

15 the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to 

16 carry out this Act amounts as follows: 

17 (1) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2022. 

18 (2) $215,000,000 for fiscal year 2023. 

19 (3) $220,000,000 for fiscal year 2024. 

20 (4) $230,000,000 for fiscal year 2025. 

21 (5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. 

22 (c) FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGEN23 CY.—There are authorized to be appropriated to the Ad24 ministrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agen25 cy to carry out this Act amounts as follows: 

26 (1) $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2022. 


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1 (2) $6,400,000 for fiscal year 2023. 

2 (3) $6,700,000 for fiscal year 2024. 

3 (4) $7,100,000 for fiscal year 2025. 

4 (5) $7,600,000 for fiscal year 2026. 

5 (d) NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINIS6 TRATION.—There are authorized to be appropriated to the 

7 National Aeronautics and Space Administration to carry 

8 out this Act amounts as follows: 

9 (1) $95,000,000 for fiscal year 2022. 

10 (2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2023. 

11 (3) $110,000,000 for fiscal year 2024. 

12 (4) $110,000,000 for fiscal year 2025. 

13 (5) $110,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. 

14 (e) ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY.—There 

15 is authorized to be appropriated to the Administrator of 

16 the Environmental Protection Agency to carry out this Act 

17 amounts as follows: 

18 (1) $11,000,000 for fiscal year 2022. 

19 (2) $11,700,000 for fiscal year 2023. 

20 (3) $12,400,000 for fiscal year 2024. 

21 (4) $13,100,000 for fiscal year 2025. 

22 (5) $13,900,000 for fiscal year 2026. 

23 (f) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY.—There is authorized 

24 to be appropriated to the Department of Energy to carry 

25 out this Act amounts as follows: 


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1 (1) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2022. 

2 (2) $5,300,000 for fiscal year 2023. 

3 (3) $5,600,000 for fiscal year 2024. 

4 (4) $5,900,000 for fiscal year 2025. 

5 (5) $6,300,000 for fiscal year 2026. 

Æ 


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