U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 close



Research
                Research Home
                            National Programs
                            Research Projects
                            Scientific Manuscripts
                            International Engagement
                            Scientific Software/Models
                            Databases and Datasets
                            Office of Scientific Quality Review
            Media
                News & Features
                            Multimedia
                            Briefing Room
                            Down on the Farm
                            Press Room
                            Science in Your Shopping Cart
                            Scientific Discoveries
                            Tellus
                            Under the Microscope
            About ARS
                About ARS Home
                            Staff Directory
                            Labs and Research Centers (Map)
                            Headquarter Offices
                            Organizational Chart
                            Employee Services (REE Employees Only)
                            Office of Outreach, Diversity, and Equal Opportunity
            Work With Us
                Work With Us Home
                            ARS Vacancies at USAJOBS
                            Careers at ARS Information
                            Scientific Collaborations
                            Extramural Agreements
                            1890 Faculty Research Sabbatical ProgramSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Follett, Peteritem
                                            Sanxter, Suzanne
  Submitted to: Journal of Economic Entomology
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 3/24/2001
                                    Publication  Date: 10/1/2001
                                    Citation: N/AInterpretive Summary: Lychee and longan are hosts for the quarantine pest Cryptophlebia in Hawaii.  They are also hosts for pest fruit flies and therefore must receive a quarantine treatment before export.  Hot water immersion at 49°C for 20 min. is an approved treatment for fruit flies.  We tested whether this treatment will also disinfest fruit of Cryptophlebia.  It did.
                                Technical Abstract: Cryptophlebia illepida (Butler) and C. ombrodelta (Lower) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) are quarantine pests of lychee, Litchi chinensis Sonn., and longan, Dimorcarpus longan (Lourd.) Steud., in Hawaii that potentially can interrupt export shipments.  Hot water immersion at 49°C for 20 min. is an approved quarantine treatment developed to disinfest fruit of tephritid fruit flies.  Studies were undertaken to determine whether this hot water immersion treatment would also disinfest fruit of any Cryptophlebia C. illepida eggs (1-d-old, 3-d-old), larvae (neonates, second/third instars, and fourth/fifth instars), and pupae  (3-d-old, 7-d-old, 8-10-d-old, and 11-d-old) were treated in diet in vials at 49°C for 16 or 20 min.  The most tolerant stage that occurs in harvested fruits is late (fourth and fifth) instars.  Late instars of C. ombrodelta were determined to be significantly more tolerant of heat than those of C. illepida, and so late instar C. ombrodelta were used for large-scale tests.  When 5,000 late instar C. ombrodelta were immersed in 49°C water for 20 min none survived.  The hot water immersion quarantine treatment approved for Hawaii's lychees and longans will effectively disinfest fruit of any Cryptophlebia in addition to fruit flies.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov