U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 National Peanut Research Laboratory: Dawson, GA
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                                    Software
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    Technology
                        Patents & Licenses
                                    Technology Transfer and CRADAs
                                    NPRL SoftwareSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Southeast Area Dawson, Georgia National Peanut Research Laboratory Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Zhu, Hepingitem
                                            Dorner, Joeitem
                                            Rowland, Diane
  Submitted to: Journal of the Agricultural Association of China
                                    Publication Type: Proceedings
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 5/1/2002
                                    Publication  Date: 11/29/2002
                                    Citation: Zhu, H., Dorner, J.W., Rowland, D. 2002. Improving spray penetration into peanut canopies at different growing stages with proper nozzle selections. Journal of the Agricultural Association of China.Interpretive Summary: Peanut is one of the major cash crops in the southeastern United States. Insecticides and fungicides have traditionally been applied to peanuts many times per year as foliar sprays. The spray application costs are a major production expense. There has been very little research to enhance the placement and efficacy of insecticides and fungicides using fan pattern nozzles for different size canopies during the growing season. In this study, flat-fan pattern of three size nozzles were tested to improve spray penetration performance for peanut canopies. The peanut plant structure characteristics was also measured at the time of spray application. Spray penetration into peanut canopies could be improved by increasing nozzle size from low volume to middle volume but could not be improved by increasing the nozzle size from middle volume to high volume after the middle of growing season. Also, during the later growing stage, spray deposits on the top of canopies were considerably higher than at the middle position and much higher than at the bottom position. Spray deposits at the bottom and middle of peanut canopies tended to decrease linearly as the combination of plant height, width, leaf area index and foliage density increased.
                                Technical Abstract: Three spray penetration tests were conducted 48, 68, and 109 days after peanuts were planted on single- and twin-row beds. Spray was applied with flat fan pattern nozzles 8001VS, 8003VS, and 8005VS at 276 kPa pressure. Leaf area index, foliage density, and plant height and width were measured for each test and correlated with spray deposits at the bottom and middle of peanut canopies. Data showed that spray penetration into peanut canopies could be improved by increasing nozzle size from 8001VS to 8003VS but could not be improved by increasing the nozzle size from 8003VS to 8005VS after plants were 68 days old.  Spray deposits on the top of canopies from the 8003VS nozzle were 10.5 times higher than at the middle position and 62 times higher than at the bottom positions when plants were 109 days old. The average spray deposits at the middle of canopies from the 8003VS nozzle were 1.251, 0.721 and 0.552  L/cm2 when plants were 48, 68, and 109 days old, respectively. Spray deposits at the bottom and middle of peanut canopies tended to decrease linearly as the plant structure indicator of growth (square root of the product of plant height, width, leaf area index and foliage density) increased.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov