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Title:   Author  item
                                            Follett, Peter
  Submitted to: Journal of Economic Entomology
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 6/8/2004
                                    Publication  Date: 8/20/2004
                                    Citation: Follett, P.A. 2004. Generic vapor heat treatments for maconellicoccus hirsutus (homoptera: pseudococcidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 97:1263:1268.Interpretive Summary: The pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), is a polyphagous pest recently introduced to the United States that poses a serious threat to agriculture, forestry and the nursery industry. Vapor heat treatments were developed against life stages of M. hirsutus. All tests were conducted with mixed age M. hirsutus on Chinese pea (Pisum sativum L.). Treatment at 47 degrees C required 45 min to kill all M. hirsutus, whereas treatment at 49 degrees C required 10 min. The adult female and nymphal stages were the most heat tolerant at 47 degrees C, but the egg stage was the most heat tolerant at 49 degrees C. Use of the vapor heat treatments on other commodities will require achieving or exceeding the proper temperature and duration at all locations on the host where M. hirsutus may reside.
                                Technical Abstract: The pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), is a polyphagous pest recently introduced to the United States that poses a serious threat to agriculture, forestry and the nursery industry. Vapor heat treatments were developed against life stages of M. hirsutus. Treatments tested were 47 degrees C for 5-50 min in 5 min increments, and 49 degrees C for 3, 5, 8, 10, and 12 min. All tests were conducted with mixed age M. hirsutus on Chinese pea (Pisum sativum L.). Treatment at 47 degrees C required 45 min to kill all M. hirsutus, whereas treatment at 49 degrees C required 10 min. The adult female and nymphal stages were the most heat tolerant at 47 degrees C, but the egg stage was the most heat tolerant at 49 degrees C. Use of the vapor heat treatments on other commodities will require achieving or exceeding the proper temperature and duration at all locations on the host where M. hirsutus may reside.


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