U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 close



Research
                Research Home
                            National Programs
                            Research Projects
                            Scientific Manuscripts
                            International Engagement
                            Scientific Software/Models
                            Databases and Datasets
                            Office of Scientific Quality Review
            Media
                News & Features
                            Multimedia
                            Briefing Room
                            Down on the Farm
                            Press Room
                            Science in Your Shopping Cart
                            Scientific Discoveries
                            Tellus
                            Under the Microscope
            About ARS
                About ARS Home
                            Staff Directory
                            Labs and Research Centers (Map)
                            Headquarter Offices
                            Organizational Chart
                            Employee Services (REE Employees Only)
                            Office of Outreach, Diversity, and Equal Opportunity
            Work With Us
                Work With Us Home
                            ARS Vacancies at USAJOBS
                            Careers at ARS Information
                            Scientific Collaborations
                            Extramural Agreements
                            1890 Faculty Research Sabbatical ProgramSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Kapczynski, Darrellitem
                                            King, Daniel
  Submitted to: Vaccine
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 1/17/2005
                                    Publication  Date: 2/19/2005
                                    Citation: Kapczynski, D.R., King, D.J. 2005. Protection of chickens against overt clinical disease and determination of viral shedding following vaccination with commerially available newcastle disease virus...from the california 2002 exotic newcastle disease outbreak. Vaccine. 23(26):3424-3433.Interpretive Summary: Newcastle disease is considered to be one of the most important viral diseases of poultry worldwide.  Newcastle disease vaccination is widely practiced in the USA with the majority of commercial birds receiving multiple vaccinations during their lifetime.   The objectives of the present study were to extend the knowledge of vaccine protection against the 2002-2003  U.S. exotic Newcastle disease (END) virus.  The results indicate that although commercial NDV vaccines are able to induce protective immunity from lethal'END challenge they do not appear to protect against viral replication or shedding.
                                Technical Abstract: During 2002-03, exotic Newcastle disease (END) virus caused a major outbreak among commercial and backyard poultry in southern California and adjacent states.  The outbreak raised concerns regarding the protective immunity of commercially available vaccines for prevention and control of this virus in poultry.  We sought to determine if existing commercial live and inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines could provide protection against the 2002-03 END virus, and whether current commercial NDV-vaccination programs for broiler-breeders (BB) and broilers (Br) would protect against END-challenge.  In the first experiment, birds received a single dose of either inactivated or live B1-type vaccine at two weeks-of-age and were challenged two weeks post-vaccination with a lethal dose of END.  In the second experiment, a high or low dose of live B1 was applied to 8-week-old chickens, followed by lethal END challenge.  In the third experiment, NDV field-vaccinated commercial BB (65 weeks-of-age) and Br (36 days-of-age)  were challenged against END virus.  Results indicated that both the live and inactivated  vaccines protected against morbidity and mortality and significantly reduced the incidence and viral titers shed from chickens in comparison with sham controls, but did not prevent infection and virus shedding.  In addition, both doses of live vaccine protected birds and significantly decreased the number of birds shedding virus.  All unvaccinated control chickens challenged with END died within 6 days post-challenge.  Protection correlated with increased serum immunoglobulin G and hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers.  Commercial BB were protected from disease and exhibited low incidence and titer of challenge virus shed.  In contrast, commercial Br exhibited 66 % mortality and shed significantly more virus than the BB birds.  These results underscore the need to develop new NDV vaccines and vaccine strategies for use during outbreak situations to protect birds from both disease and infection to reduce virus shedding.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov