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Title:   Author  item
                                            He, Louisitem
                                            FARNELL, MORGAN - TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITYitem
                                            Crippen, Tawni

                                                         - *Tc*item
                                            Kogut, Michael

                                                         - *Mike*
  Submitted to: Society for Leukocyte Biology  Meetings   Proceedings
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 11/7/2001
                                    Publication  Date: N/A
                                    Citation: N/AInterpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Unmethylated CpG dinucleotide motif is a Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP) of bacterial DNA.  Recent studies have shown that vertebrate immune systems are able to recognize unmethylated CpG motifs and trigger protective immune responses.  However, effects of CpG motif on avian immune responses have not previously been reported.  Using synthetic  oligonucleotides containing the CpG motif, we measured the immune responses of neonatal chicken peripheral blood heterophils and mononuclear cells and of the chicken macrophage cell line (HD-11) to CpG dinucleotide stimulation.  RT-PCR demonstrates that the CpG dinucleotide motif is a strong stimulator of inflammatory cytokine IL-1 expression in heterophils and IFN-gamma expression in mononuclear cells.  Incubation of heterophils and HD-11 cells with CpG dinucleotide significantly increases the level of oxidative burst and nitric oxide production, respectively.  Our results  demonstrate that the CpG motif is able to stimulate proinflammatory responses, up-regulate cytokine expression and increase nitric oxide production and oxidative burst in chicken immune cells.


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