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Title:   Author  item
                                            DALLOUL, R - U MD COLLEGE PARK MDitem
                                            Lillehoj, Hyunitem
                                            DOERR, J - U MD COLLEGE PARK MD
  Submitted to: Southern Poultry Science Society Meeting Abstracts
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 2/21/2000
                                    Publication  Date: N/A
                                    Citation: N/AInterpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Broiler chickens were examined for the effect of vitamin A (Vit A) deficiency on different immune parameters.  Day-old male broilers (Ross x Ross) were fed milo-soybean meal diets with 8000 IU vitamin A/Kg feed (CON) or without added Vit A (A-def).  At 25 days of age a group of randomly selected birds from each diet was inoculated orally with a mild dose of  Eimeria acervulina (EA) oocysts (10-4/bird) and kept on the same diets. Changes in intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) subpopulations were assessed by flow cytometry at 35 days in both infected and non-infected birds.  Whether challenged or not, birds on the A-def diet had fewer IEL, expressing the surface markers CD3, CD4, CD8, TCR1 and TCR2 than those of the CON diet.  While CD8+ IEL increased in the CON group in response to EA, no change was found in IEL of A-def birds, suggesting that the latter birds were unable to respond properly to coccidial infection.  However, serum  samples taken 10 days after challenge showed higher antibody level against a recombinant coccidial antigen (3-1 E) in A-def birds than in CON birds, consistent with lower serum interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in the A-def group.  A higher number of EA oocysts was recovered from A-def birds than from control (9.2 x 10-8 vs. 5.4 x 10-8, respectively).  The proliferative response of spleen lymphocytes to concanavalin A was depressed in A-def birds.  These data show that Vit A deficiency compromised local immune defenses of challenged birds leading to systemic infection, as reflected in lymphocyte profiles IFN-gamma, and serum lgs in A-def birds.


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