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Title:   Author  item
                                            Berhow, Markitem
                                            Vaughn, Stevenitem
                                            Cantrell, Charlesitem
                                            Duval, Sandraitem
                                            WOODS, EMILIE J - UNIV IL, URBANA, ILitem
                                            RUNDELL, MARK - UNIV IL, URBANA, ILitem
                                            NASCHANSKY, KRISTEN - UNIV IL, URBANA, ILitem
                                            BARTOLINI, SUSAN - UNIV IL, URBANA, ILitem
                                            WAGNER, ELIZABETH - UNIV IL, URBANA, ILitem
                                            PLEWA, MICHAEL - UNIV IL, URBANA, IL
  Submitted to: Intl Symposium on the Role of Soy in Preventing/Treating Chronic Disease
                                    Publication Type: Abstract Only
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 11/7/2001
                                    Publication  Date: N/A
                                    Citation: N/AInterpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: Research has just begun to determine how the phytochemicals found in foods work to prevent certain chronic diseases such as cancer. Interest in fractions from soy containing isoflavones has grown due to their functional implication as phytoestrogens and anticancer agents in human diets.  However, many of these  fractions contain complex mixtures of potentially active phytochemicals, including proteins, carbohydrates, phenolic acids, up to three different glycoside forms of three separate isoflavone aglycones, and up to twenty different glycoside forms of two to three sapogenol aglycones.  Methods for the separation, identification and quantification of isoflavones and saponins in soy extracts have been enhanced to yield pure phytochemicals for bioassays and more accurate results.  For bioassay assessment of  these compounds, a microplate assay measuring DNA damage in cultured mammalian cells using a modified single gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay was used to determine the repression of 2-acetoxyacetylaminofluorene (2-AAAF) induced damage, and another microplate assay was used to examine the suppression of growth of cultured human HT-29 colon cancer cells.  Daidzein and glycitin expressed antigenotoxic activity but genistin and genistein enhanced DNA damage.  The isoflavones all demonstrated growth supression of the HT-29 cells, but differed in the range they suppress the growth.  The soy B group saponins have been shown to effectively repress 2-AAAF-induced damage.  Many biological studies have been conducted with isolated fractions from plant materials, but the actual functional mechanisms cannot be determined unless each is evaluated.


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