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Title:   Author  item
                                            Evans, Jayitem
                                            WHEELER, DIANA - UNIV OF ARIZ. TUCSON, AZ.
  Submitted to: Nature
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 11/9/2000
                                    Publication  Date: N/A
                                    Citation: N/AInterpretive Summary:     The honey bee, Apis mellifera, has longstanding importance     for agriculture thanks to both pollination services and the     production of hive products.  Female honey bees develop as     workers or queens depending on the nutrition they receive and     their treatment by nestmate 'nurse' workers. This paper      presents the first genome-wide view of the genetic steps     involved with producing a queen honey bee.  Genes are     described that can be used both as tests for queen health and     robustness, and to further improve the techniques used to     raise honey bee queens. This information will be used by other     scientists interested in gene expression and will ultimately     benefit the U.S. beekeeping industry.
                                Technical Abstract:      Female honey bees (Apis mellifera) are fated to become queens     or workers during the first few days of larval development.     Here we use gene-expression arrays to link environmental cues     that drive caste determination with their physiological      results.  Expression profiles of honey bee worker larvae are     more similar to young, bipotential, larvae than are queens.     Queens over-expressed several metabolic enzymes, a result     predicted by their enhanced growth rates during larval     development.  Workers showed increased expression of a member     of the cytochrome P450 family, hexameric storage proteins and     dihydrodiol dehydrogenase, while young larvae over-expressed     two putative heat shock proteins (70 and 90kDa), and several      proteins related to RNA processing and translation.     Knowledge of these genetic processes can now be used to     determine the processes by which robust honey bee queens are     raised, and can help determine critical timepoints during the     queen-worker switch.  We anticipate that these results will     be generally useful for characterizing queen production in     the social bees, ants, and wasps.


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