U.S. flagAn official website of the United States government
                    Here's how you know **Official websites use .gov**
                            
                            A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
 **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                            
                            A **lock** (                            
                              A locked padlock                                                      
                            
                            ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Menu Agricultural Research Service
						
                    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
 Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research: Wapato, WA
 close



    Research

                    Research Projects
                                    Publications
                                    Collaborations
                                    News
                People

                    Staff Listing
                                    Careers


        


                    Facilities
                        USDA Laboratory in Wapato, WA
                                    USDA Prosser Worksite
                                    USDA Moxee Farm
                    About UsSearch small
                    Search
            
            ARS Home
                                About ARS
                                Contact Us




ARS Home Pacific West Area Wapato, Washington Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Research Publications at this Location





- ARS National Programs
- Search for a scientific manuscript
- Search for a research project
- ARS Software
- Programs and Projects
- Collaborations
- Subjects of Investigation
- Publications

Title:   Author  item
                                            Neven, Lisaitem
                                            Ferguson, Hollyitem
                                            Knight, Alan
  Submitted to: CryoLetters
                                    Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 6/19/2000
                                    Publication  Date: 10/15/2000
                                    Citation: Neven, L.G., Ferguson, H.J., Knight, A.L. 2000. Sub-zero cooling synchronizes post-diapause development of codling moth, Cydia pomonella. CryoLetters. 21:203-214.Interpretive Summary: Rearing codling moth in the laboratory is both expensive and labor intensive.  It would be more economical if the insects could be stockpiled and stored for use during the growing season when the need for these insects are the highest.  Other research has indicated that moths from diapausing (hibernating) larvae are  not as long lived, show poor mating success, and produce fewer eggs than insects which have not been in diapause.  Also, moth emergence is spread out over a long time period which is not conducive to mass rearing.  Subjecting diapausing larvae to sub-zero temperatures of -10 and -15 deg C helps to synchronize post-diapause development without loss of longevity, matting success, egg production, or egg hatch.  This method may be used to optimize mass rearing of codling moth.
                                Technical Abstract: Sub-zero cooling treatments of -10 deg C and -15 deg C for 2-6 days were evaluated as a means of meeting the chilling requirement of diapause and to synchronize post-diapause development in larvae which were held in diapause for less than 6 months.  Diapause/cooled males and females were, in general,  longer lived than diapause control and non-diapause control adults.  There were no differences in the number of spermatophores transferred among the treatment groups.  Sub-zero cooling resulted in higher fecundity and fertility rates for males than females.  Sub-zero cooling of insects in diapause for 7 months resulted in higher oviposition for both sexes.  There were no differences in egg hatch rates among the treatment groups.  The duration of sub-zero cooling had a significant  effect on post-diapause emergence in relation to the duration that the larvae were in diapause.  Sub-zero cooling for 4 days at -10 deg C significantly reduced the amount of time to adult emergence of larvae that had been in diapause for 0-4 months. Sub-zero cooling at -15 deg C for durations of 2, 4, and 6 days had more variable results on emergence, but in most cases, sub-zero cooling reduced the amount of time to and span of adult emergence.


Return to top


Connect with ARS Sign up


ARS Home
                            USDA.gov
                            Plain Writing
                            Policies & Links
                            Civil Rights Statements
                            FOIA
                            Accessibility Statement
                            Privacy Policy
                            Non-Discrimination Statement
                            Quality of Information
                            USA.gov
                            WhiteHouse.gov