**Exhibit 4.5**

 

THIS WARRANT HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED 

UNDERTHE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 

AND IS NOT TRANSFERABLE 

EXCEPT AS PROVIDED HEREIN 

 

**Path 1 Network Technologies, Inc.**

 

PURCHASEWARRANT 

 

Issued to: 

 

**I-BANKERS SECURITIES INCORPORATED**

 

Exercisable to Purchase 

 

13,800 Units 

 

of 

 

**PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES, INC.**

 

Void after July 30, 2008 

 

This is to certify that, for value received and subject to the terms and conditions set forth below, theWarrantholder (hereinafter defined) is entitled to purchase, and the Company promises and agrees to sell and issue to the Warrantholder, at any time on or after July 31, 2004 and on or before July 30, 2008, up to 13,800 Units (hereinafter defined)at the Exercise Price (hereinafter defined). 

 

This WarrantCertificate is issued subject to the following terms and conditions: 

 

1. Definitions of Certain Terms. Except as may be otherwise clearly required by the context, the following terms have the following meanings: 

 

(a) “Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. 

 

(b) “Cashless Exercise” means an exercise of Warrants in which, in lieu of payment of the Exercise Price, theHolder elects to receive a lesser number of Securities such that the value of the Securities that such Holder would otherwise have been entitled to receive but has agreed not to receive, as determined by the closing sale price of such Securities onthe date of exercise or, if such date is not a trading day, on the next prior trading day, is equal to the Exercise Price with respect to such exercise. A Holder may only elect a Cashless Exercise if Securities issuable by the Company on suchexercise are publicly traded securities. 

 

(c) “ClosingDate” means the date on which the Offering is closed. 

 

(d)“Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission. 

 

(e) “Common Stock” means the common stock, par value $0.001, of the Company. 

 

(f) “Company” means Path 1 Network Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation. 

 

(g) “Company’s Expenses” means any and all expenses payable by the Company or the Warrantholder in connectionwith an offering described in Section 6 hereof, except Warrantholder’s Expenses. 

 

(h) “Effective Date” means the date on which the Registration Statement is declared effective by the Commission. 

 

(i) “Exercise Price” means the price at which the Warrantholder may purchase one Unit upon exercise of Warrants as determined from time to timepursuant to the provisions hereof. The initial Exercise Price is $12.96 per Unit. 

 

(j) “Offering” means the public offering of Units made pursuant to the Registration Statement. 

 

(k) “Participating Underwriter” means any underwriter participating in the sale of the Securities pursuant to a registration under Section 6 ofthis Warrant Certificate. 

 

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(l) “Registration Statement” means the Company’s registration statement (File No. 333-105638) as amended on the Closing Date. 

 

(m) “Rules andRegulations” means the rules and regulations of the Commission adopted under the Act. 

 

(n) “Securities” means the securities obtained or obtainable upon exercise of the Warrant or securities obtained or obtainable upon exercise, exchange, or conversion of such securities. 

 

(o) “Unit” means three shares of Common Stock and two UnitWarrants. 

 

(p) “Unit Warrant” means a warrant topurchase one share of Common Stock issued pursuant to the Warrant Agreement. 

 

(q) “Warrant Agreement” means that certain Warrant Agreement, dated as of July 30, 2003, by and between the Company and Registrar and Transfer Company relating to the issuance of Unit Warrants. 

 

(r) “Warrant Certificate” means a certificate evidencing theWarrant. 

 

(s) “Warrantholder” means a record holderof the Warrant or Securities. The initial Warrantholder is I-Bankers Securities Incorporated. 

 

(t) “Warrantholder’s Expenses” means the sum of (i) the aggregate amount of cash payments made to an underwriter, underwriting syndicate, or agent in connection with an offering described in Section 6hereof multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the aggregate sales price of the Securities sold by such underwriter, underwriting syndicate, or agent in such offering and the denominator of which is the aggregate sales price of all of thesecurities sold by such underwriter, underwriting syndicate, or agent in such offering and (ii) all out-of-pocket expenses of the Warrantholder, except for the fees and disbursements of one firm retained as legal counsel for the Warrantholder thatwill be paid by the Company. 

 

(u) “Warrant” means thewarrant evidenced by this certificate, any similar certificate issued in connection with the Offering, or any certificate obtained upon transfer or partial exercise of the Warrant evidenced by any such certificate. 

 

2. Exercise of Warrant. All or any part of the Warrant represented bythis Warrant Certificate may be exercised commencing on the first anniversary of the Effective Date and ending at 5 p.m. Pacific Time on the fifth anniversary of the Effective Date by surrendering this Warrant Certificate, together with appropriateinstructions, duly executed by the Warrantholder or by its duly authorized attorney, at the office of the Company, 6215 Ferris Square, Suite 140, San Diego, California 92121; or at such other office or agency as the Company may designate. The dateon which such instructions are received by the Company shall be the date of exercise. If the Holder has elected a Cashless Exercise, such instructions shall so state. Upon receipt of notice of exercise, the Company shall immediately instruct itstransfer agent to prepare certificates for the Securities to be received by the Warrantholder upon completion of the Warrant exercise. When such certificates are prepared, the Company shall notify the 

 

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Warrantholder and deliver such certificates to the Warrantholder or as per the Warrantholder’s instructions immediately upon payment in full by theWarrantholder, in lawful money of the United States, of the Exercise Price payable with respect to the Securities being purchased, if any. If the Warrantholder shall represent and warrant that all applicable registration and prospectus deliveryrequirements for their sale have been complied with upon sale of the Securities received upon exercise of the Warrant, such certificates shall not bear a legend with respect to the Securities Act of 1933. 

 

If fewer than all the Securities purchasable under the Warrant are purchased,the Company will, upon such partial exercise, execute and deliver to the Warrantholder a new Warrant Certificate (dated the date hereof), in form and tenor similar to this Warrant Certificate, evidencing that portion of the Warrant not exercised.The Securities to be obtained on exercise of the Warrant will be deemed to have been issued, and any person exercising the Warrants will be deemed to have become a holder of record of those Securities, as of the date of the payment of the ExercisePrice. 

 

3. Adjustments in Certain Events. The number,class, and price of Securities for which this Warrant Certificate may be exercised are subject to adjustment from time to time upon the happening of certain events as follows: 

 

(a) If the outstanding shares of the Company’s Common Stock are divided into a greater number of shares or a dividendin stock is paid on the Common Stock, the number of shares of Common Stock for which the Warrant is then exercisable will be proportionately increased and the Exercise Price will be proportionately reduced; and, conversely, if the outstanding sharesof Common Stock are combined into a smaller number of shares of Common Stock, the number of shares of Common Stock for which the Warrant is then exercisable will be proportionately reduced and the Exercise Price will be proportionately increased.The increases and reductions provided for in this Section 3(a) will be made with the intent and, as nearly as practicable, the effect that neither the percentage of the total equity of the Company obtainable on exercise of the Warrants nor the pricepayable for such percentage upon such exercise will be affected by any event described in this Section 3(a). 

 

(b) In case of any change in the Common Stock through merger, consolidation, reclassification, reorganization, partial or complete liquidation, purchaseof substantially all the assets of the Company, or other change in the capital structure of the Company, then, as a condition of such change, lawful and adequate provision will be made so that the holder of this Warrant Certificate will have theright thereafter to receive upon the exercise of the Warrant the kind and amount of shares of stock or other securities or property to which he would have been entitled if, immediately prior to such event, he had held the number of shares of CommonStock obtainable upon the exercise of the Warrant. In any such case, appropriate adjustment will be made in the application of the provisions set forth herein with respect to the rights and interest thereafter of the Warrantholder, to the end thatthe provisions set forth herein will thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be, in relation to any shares of stock or other property thereafter deliverable upon the exercise of the Warrant. The Company will not permit any change inits capital structure to occur unless the issuer of the shares of stock or other securities to be received by the holder of this Warrant Certificate, if not the Company, agrees to be bound by and comply with the provisions of this WarrantCertificate. 

 

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(c) When any adjustment is required to be made in the number of shares of Common Stock, other securities,or the property purchasable upon exercise of the Warrant, the Company will promptly determine the new number of such shares or other securities or property purchasable upon exercise of the Warrant and (i) prepare and retain on file a statementdescribing in reasonable detail the method used in arriving at the new number of such shares or other securities or property purchasable upon exercise of the Warrant and (ii) cause a copy of such statement to be mailed to the Warrantholder withinthirty (30) days after the date of the event giving rise to the adjustment. 

 

(d) No fractional shares of Common Stock or other securities will be issued in connection with the exercise of the Warrant, but the Company will pay, in lieu of fractional shares, a cash payment therefor on the basisof the mean between the bid and asked prices of the Common Stock in the over-the-counter market or the last sale price of the Common Stock on the principal exchange or other trading facility on which the Common Stock is traded on the day immediatelyprior to exercise. 

 

(e) If securities of the Company orsecurities of any subsidiary of the Company are distributed pro rata to holders of Common Stock, such number of securities will be distributed to the Warrantholder or its assignee upon exercise of its rights hereunder as such Warrantholder orassignee would have been entitled to if this Warrant Certificate had been exercised prior to the record date for such distribution. The provisions with respect to adjustment of the Common Stock provided in this Section 3 will also apply to thesecurities to which the Warrantholder or its assignee is entitled under this Section 3(e); provided, however, that in no event shall Warrantholder receive the benefits of both Sections 3(a) and (e) with respect to a particular distribution, divisionor dividend. 

 

(f) Notwithstanding anything herein to thecontrary, there will be no adjustment made hereunder on account of the sale by the Company of the Common Stock or other Securities purchasable upon exercise of the Warrant. 

 

(g) (If, immediately prior to any exercise of Warrants, there shall be outstanding no securities of a class or series that,but for the provisions of this Section 3, would be issuable upon such exercise (the “Formerly Issuable Securities”), then, upon such exercise, and in lieu of the Formerly Issuable Securities, the Company shall issue that number andkind of other securities or property for which the Formerly Issuable Securities were most recently exercisable or into which the Formerly Issuable Securities were most recently convertible, as the case may be. 

 

4. Reservation of Securities. The Company agrees that the number ofshares of Common Stock or other Securities sufficient to provide for the exercise of the Warrant upon the basis set forth above will at all times during the term of the Warrant be reserved for exercise. 

 

5. Validity of Securities. All Securities delivered upon the exerciseof the Warrant will be duly and validly issued in accordance with their terms, and the Company will pay all documentary and transfer taxes, if any, in respect of the original issuance thereof upon exercise of the Warrant. 

 

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6. Registration of Securities Issuable on Exercise of Warrant Certificate. 

 

(a) The Company will register the Securities with the Commission pursuant tothe Act so as to allow the unrestricted sale of the Securities to the public from time to time commencing on the first anniversary of the Effective Date and ending at 5:00 p.m. Pacific Time on the fifth anniversary of the Effective Date (the“Registration Period”). The Company will also file such applications and other documents necessary to permit the sale of the Securities to the public during the Registration Period in those states in which the Units were qualifiedfor sale in the Offering or such other states as the Company and the Warrantholder agree to. In order to comply with the provisions of this Section 6(a), the Company is not required to file more than one registration statement. No registration rightof any kind, “piggyback” or otherwise, will last longer than five years from the Effective Date. 

 

(b) The Company will pay all of the Company’s Expenses and each Warrantholder will pay its pro rata share of the Warrantholder’s Expensesrelating to the registration, offer, and sale of the Securities. 

 

(c) Except as specifically provided herein, the manner and conduct of the registration, including the contents of the registration, will be entirely in the control and at the discretion of the Company. The Company will file suchpost-effective amendments and supplements as may be necessary to maintain the currency of the registration statement during the period of its use. In addition, if the Warrantholder participating in the registration is advised by counsel that theregistration statement, in their opinion, is deficient in any material respect, the Company will use its best efforts to cause the registration statement to be amended to eliminate the concerns raised. 

 

(d) The Company will furnish to the Warrantholder the number of copies of aprospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, in conformity with the requirements of the Act, and such other documents as it may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of Securities owned by it. 

 

(e) The Company will, at the request of Warrantholders holding at least 50percent of the then outstanding Warrants, (i) furnish an opinion of the counsel representing the Company for the purposes of the registration pursuant to this Section 6, addressed to the Warrantholders and any Participating Underwriter, (ii) furnishan appropriate letter from the independent public accountants of the Company, addressed to the Warrantholders and any Participating Underwriter, and (iii) make representations and warranties to the Warrantholders and any Participating Underwriter. Arequest pursuant to this subsection (e) may be made on three occasions. The documents required to be delivered pursuant to this subsection (e) will be dated within ten days of the request and will be, in form and substance, equivalent to similardocuments furnished to the underwriters in connection with the Offering, with such changes as may be appropriate in light of changed circumstances. 

 

7. Indemnification in Connection with Registration. 

 

(a) If any of the Securities are registered, the Company will indemnify and hold harmless each selling Warrantholder, any person who controls any sellingWarrantholder 

 

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within the meaning of the Act, and any Participating Underwriter against any losses, claims, damages, or liabilities, joint or several, to which anyWarrantholder, controlling person, or Participating Underwriter may be subject under the Act or otherwise; and it will reimburse each Warrantholder, each controlling person, and each Participating Underwriter for any legal or other expensesreasonably incurred by the Warrantholder, controlling person, or Participating Underwriter in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability, or action, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, or liabilities,joint or several (or actions in respect thereof), arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained, on the effective date thereof, in any such registration statement or any preliminaryprospectus or final prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein notmisleading; provided, however, that the Company will not be liable in any case to the extent that any loss, claim, damage, or liability arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omissionmade in any registration statement, preliminary prospectus, final prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished by a Warrantholder for use in the preparation thereof;provided, further, however, that the foregoing indemnification agreement with respect to the Preliminary Prospectus shall not inure to the benefit of any Underwriter from whom the person asserting any such loss, claim, damage or liability purchasedUnits, or any officers, employees, representatives, agents or controlling persons of such Underwriter, if (i) a copy of the Prospectus (as then amended or supplemented) was required by law to be delivered to such person at or prior to the writtenconfirmation of the sale of Units to such person, (ii) a copy of the Prospectus (as then amended or supplemented) was not sent or given to such person by or on behalf of such Underwriter and such failure was not due to non-compliance by the Companywith Section 6, and (iii) the Prospectus (as so amended or supplemented) would have cured the defect and eliminated such loss, claim, damage or liability. The indemnity agreement contained in this subparagraph (a) will not apply to amounts paid toany claimant in settlement of any suit or claim unless such payment is first approved by the Company, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld. 

 

(b) Each selling Warrantholder, as a condition of the Company’s registration obligation, will indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each of itsdirectors, each of its officers who have signed any registration statement or other filing or any amendment or supplement thereto, and any person who controls the Company within the meaning of the Act, against any losses, claims, damages, orliabilities to which the Company or any such director, officer, or controlling person may become subject under the Act or otherwise, and will reimburse any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company or any such director, officer, orcontrolling person in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability, or action, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue oralleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in said registration statement, any preliminary or final prospectus, or other filing, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or the allegedomission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, but only to the extent that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission wasmade in said registration statement, preliminary or final prospectus, or other filing, or amendment or supplement, in reliance upon 

 

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and in conformity with written information furnished by such Warrantholder for use in the preparation thereof; provided, however, that the indemnityagreement contained in this subparagraph (b) will not apply to amounts paid to any claimant in settlement of any suit or claim unless such payment is first approved by the Warrantholder, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld. 

 

(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under subparagraphs (a) or(b) above of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against an indemnifying party, notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof; but the omission to notify theindemnifying party will not relieve it from any liability that it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under subparagraphs (a) and (b). 

 

(d) If any such action is brought against any indemnified party and it notifies an indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying partywill be entitled to participate in, and, to the extent that it may wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to such indemnified party; and after notice from theindemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party will not be liable to such indemnified party for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party inconnection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation. 

 

8. Restrictions on Transfer. This Warrant Certificate and the Warrant may not be sold, transferred, assigned or hypothecated for a one-year period after the Effective Date except to underwriters of the Offeringor to individuals who are either a partner or an officer of such an underwriter or by will or by operation of law. The Warrant may be divided or combined, upon request to the Company by the Warrantholder, into a certificate or certificatesevidencing the same aggregate number of Warrants. 

 

9. NoRights as a Shareholder. Except as otherwise provided herein, the Warrantholder will not, by virtue of ownership of the Warrant, be entitled to any rights of a shareholder of the Company but will, upon written request to the Company, be entitledto receive such quarterly or annual reports as the Company distributes to its shareholders. 

 

10. Notice. Any notices required or permitted to be given hereunder will be in writing and may be served personally or by mail; and if served by mail will be addressed as follows: 

 

If to the Company: 

 

Path 1 Network Technologies, Inc. 

6215 Ferris Square, Suite 140 

San Diego,California 92121 

Attention: Chief Financial Officer; 

 

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If to the Warrantholder: 

 

at the address furnished 

by the Warrantholder to the 

Company for the purpose of 

notice. 

 

Any notice so given by mail will be deemed effectively given 48 hours after mailing when deposited in the United States mail, registered or certifiedmail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid and addressed as specified above. Any party may by written notice to the other specify a different address for notice purposes. 

 

11. Applicable Law. This Warrant Certificate will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of theState of Oregon, without reference to conflict of laws principles thereunder. All disputes relating to this Warrant Certificate shall be tried before the courts of Oregon located in Multnomah County, Oregon to the exclusion of all other courts thatmight have jurisdiction. 

 

Dated as of July 30, 2003 

 

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

By:
 
    /s/ Frederick A. Cary
  Name: Frederick A. Cary  Title: Chief Executive Officer
 

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