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ARS Home Midwest Area Madison, Wisconsin U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center Research Publications at this Location





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Title:   Author  item
                                            Ralph, Johnitem
                                            Hatfield, Ronalditem
                                            MARITA, JANE - UNIV OF WISCONSIN MADISONitem
                                            LU, FACHUANG - UNIV OF WISCONSIN MADISONitem
                                            PENG, JUNPENG - UNIV OF WISCONSIN MADISONitem
                                            KIM, HOON - UNIV OF WISCONSIN MADISONitem
                                            Grabber, Johnitem
                                            MACKAY, JOHN - INST PAPER SCI TECH GAitem
                                            OMALLEY, DAVID - NCSU RALEIGH NCitem
                                            SEDEROFF, RON - NCSU RALEIGH NC
  Submitted to: International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry
                                    Publication Type: Proceedings
                                    Publication Acceptance Date: 12/9/1998
                                    Publication  Date: N/A
                                    Citation: N/AInterpretive Summary:
                                Technical Abstract: The lignins in a number of mutant and transgenic plants, deficient in monolignol biosynthetic enzymes 4CL, F5H, CCR, and CAD, have been examined by NMR and degradative methods. These plants provide significant insights into lignification processes. In some cases the lignin content and composition have been altered, while in others the lignin content, as  measured by traditional means, has not appreciably declined but the lignin structure is changed, sometimes dramatically. Phenolic components not normally associated with lignification appear to be incorporated into the lignin polymer of some deficient plants. Although there remain some issues regarding the location and function of these components and their classification as lignins, in terms of plant utilization (e.g. by pulping), these phenolics contribute to the polymeric class generically referred to as "lignins" and must be processed accordingly. NMR provides rich  structural detail but only on soluble components which represent a fractio of the total lignin. Methods to render the entire lignin suitable for NMR study, along with traditional and new degradative methods, are providing further evidence that the lignins in some mutants/transgenics are indeed significantly derived from components other than the traditional three monolignols. This metabolic plasticity means that attempts to down-regulate lignification by targeting pathway enzymes may not always be successful (because plants may make as much "lignin" from other phenolics), but provides significant opportunities to engineer the properties of lignins to allow more extensive "exploitation" of plant resources.


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