II 

Calendar No. 479 

117TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 3875 

[Report No. 117–141] 

To require the President to develop and maintain products that show the 

risk of natural hazards across the United States, and for other purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

MARCH 17, 2022 

Mr. PETERS (for himself and Mr. PORTMAN) introduced the following bill; 

which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs 

SEPTEMBER 7, 2022 

Reported by Mr. PETERS, with an amendment 

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 

A BILL 

To require the President to develop and maintain products 

that show the risk of natural hazards across the United 

States, and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Community Disaster 

5 Resilience Zones Act of 2022’’. 


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1 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

2 Section 101(b) of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Re3 lief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121(b)) 

4 is amended— 

5 (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 

6 end; 

7 (2) in paragraph (6), by adding ‘‘; and’’ at the 

8 end; and 

9 (3) by adding at the end the following: 

10 ‘‘(7) identifying and improving the climate and 

11 natural hazard resilience of vulnerable commu12 nities.’’. 

13 SEC. 3. NATURAL DISASTER RISK ASSESSMENT. 

14 (a) IN GENERAL.—Title II of the Robert T. Stafford 

15 Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 

16 5131 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the fol17 lowing: 

18 ‘‘SEC. 206. NATURAL DISASTER RISK ASSESSMENT. 

19 ‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

20 ‘‘(1) COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE

21 ZONE.—The term ‘community disaster resilience 

22 zone’ means a census tract designated by the Presi23 dent under subsection (d)(1). 

24 ‘‘(2) ELIGIBLE ENTITY.—The term ‘eligible en25 tity’ means— 

26 ‘‘(A) a State; 


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1 ‘‘(B) an Indian tribal government; or 

2 ‘‘(C) a local government. 

3 ‘‘(b) PRODUCTS.—The President shall continue to 

4 maintain a natural disaster assessment program that de5 velops and maintains products that— 

6 ‘‘(1) are available to the public; and 

7 ‘‘(2) show the risk of natural hazards across 

8 the United States, such as— 

9 ‘‘(A) the National Risk Index or a suc10 cessor product; or 

11 ‘‘(B) a natural disaster hazard risk assess12 ment and mapping tool that is complementary 

13 to the National Risk Index. 

14 ‘‘(c) FEATURES.—The products maintained under 

15 subsection (b) shall, for lands within States and areas 

16 under the jurisdiction of Indian tribal governments— 

17 ‘‘(1) show the risk of natural hazards; and 

18 ‘‘(2) include ratings and data for— 

19 ‘‘(A) loss exposure, including population 

20 equivalence, buildings, and agriculture; 

21 ‘‘(B) social vulnerability; 

22 ‘‘(C) community resilience; and 

23 ‘‘(D) any other element determined by the 

24 President. 


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1 ‘‘(d) COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE ZONES

2 DESIGNATION.— 

3 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days 

4 after the date on which the President makes the up5 date and enhancement required under subsection 

6 (e)(4), and not less frequently than every 5 years 

7 thereafter, the President shall identify and designate 

8 community disaster resilience zones, which shall 

9 be— 

10 ‘‘(A) the 50 census tracts assigned the 

11 highest individual hazard risk ratings under 

12 paragraph (2); and 

13 ‘‘(B) subject to paragraph (3), in each 

14 State, not less than 1 percent of census tracts 

15 that are assigned a high risk rating under para16 graph (2). 

17 ‘‘(2) RISK RATINGS.—In carrying out para18 graph (1), the President shall use census tract risk 

19 ratings that, with respect to a product maintained 

20 under subsection (b)— 

21 ‘‘(A) are derived from the product; 

22 ‘‘(B) reflect whether a census tract has 

23 been assigned, under the product— 


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1 ‘‘(i) high levels of individual hazard 

2 risk ratings based on an assessment of the 

3 intersection of— 

4 ‘‘(I) loss to population equiva5 lence; 

6 ‘‘(II) buildings value; and 

7 ‘‘(III) agriculture value; and 

8 ‘‘(ii) high social vulnerability ratings 

9 and low community resilience ratings; and 

10 ‘‘(C) reflect the principal natural hazard 

11 risks identified for the census tract under the 

12 product. 

13 ‘‘(3) GEOGRAPHIC BALANCE.—In identifying 

14 and designating the community disaster resilience 

15 zones described in paragraph (1)(B)— 

16 ‘‘(A) for the purpose of achieving geo17 graphic balance, when applicable, the President 

18 shall consider making designations in coastal, 

19 inland, urban, suburban, and rural areas; and 

20 ‘‘(B) the President shall include census 

21 tracts on Tribal lands located within a State. 

22 ‘‘(e) REVIEW AND UPDATE.—Not later than 180 

23 days after the date of enactment of the Community Dis24 aster Resilience Zones Act of 2022, and not less frequently 

25 than every 5 years thereafter, the President shall— 


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1 ‘‘(1) review the underlying methodology of any 

2 product that is a natural disaster hazard risk assess3 ment; 

4 ‘‘(2) consider including additional data in any 

5 product that is a natural disaster hazard risk assess6 ment, such as— 

7 ‘‘(A) the most recent census tract data; 

8 ‘‘(B) data from the American Community 

9 Survey of the Bureau of the Census, a suc10 cessor survey, a similar survey, or another data 

11 source, including data by census tract on hous12 ing characteristics and income; 

13 ‘‘(C) information relating to development, 

14 improvements, and hazard mitigation measures; 

15 ‘‘(D) natural disaster risk assessment in16 sights on climate change and past and future 

17 natural hazard risk; and 

18 ‘‘(E) other information relevant to 

19 prioritizing areas that have— 

20 ‘‘(i) high risk levels of— 

21 ‘‘(I) natural hazard loss expo22 sure, including population equivalence, 

23 buildings, infrastructure, and agri24 culture; and 

25 ‘‘(II) social vulnerability; and 


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1 ‘‘(ii) low levels of community resil2 ience; 

3 ‘‘(3) make publicly available any changes in 

4 methodology or data used to inform an update to a 

5 product maintained under subsection (b); and 

6 ‘‘(4) update and enhance the products main7 tained under subsection (b), as necessary. 

8 ‘‘(f) NATURAL DISASTER HAZARD RISK ASSESS9 MENT INSIGHTS.—In determining the information to be 

10 included in the natural disaster hazard risk assessment 

11 insights described in subsection (e)(2)(D), the President 

12 shall consult with, at a minimum— 

13 ‘‘(1) the Secretary of Homeland Security and 

14 the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Man15 agement Agency; 

16 ‘‘(2) the Secretary of Agriculture and the Chief 

17 of the Forest Service; 

18 ‘‘(3) the Secretary of Commerce, the Adminis19 trator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad20 ministration, the Director of the Bureau of the Cen21 sus, and the Director of the National Institute of 

22 Standards and Technology; 

23 ‘‘(4) the Secretary of Defense and the Com24 manding Officer of the United States Army Corps of 

25 Engineers; 


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1 ‘‘(5) the Administrator of the Environmental 

2 Protection Agency; 

3 ‘‘(6) the Secretary of the Interior and the Di4 rector of the United States Geological Survey; 

5 ‘‘(7) the Secretary of Housing and Urban De6 velopment; and 

7 ‘‘(8) the Director of the Federal Housing Fi8 nance Agency. 

9 ‘‘(g) COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE ZONE.— 

10 With respect to financial assistance provided under section 

11 203(i) to perform a resilience or mitigation project within, 

12 or that primarily benefits, a community disaster resilience 

13 zone, the President may increase the amount of the Fed14 eral share described under section 203(h). 

15 ‘‘(h) RESILIENCE OR MITIGATION PROJECT PLAN16 NING ASSISTANCE.— 

17 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The President may provide 

18 financial, technical, or other assistance under this 

19 title to an eligible entity that plans to perform a re20 silience or mitigation project within, or that pri21 marily benefits, a community disaster resilience 

22 zone. 

23 ‘‘(2) PURPOSE.—The purpose of assistance pro24 vided under paragraph (1) shall be to carry out ac25 tivities in preparation for a resilience or mitigation 


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1 project or seek an evaluation and certification under 

2 subsection (i)(2) for a resilience or mitigation 

3 project before the date on which permanent work of 

4 the resilience or mitigation project begins. 

5 ‘‘(3) APPLICATION.—If required by the Presi6 dent, an eligible entity seeking assistance under 

7 paragraph (1) shall submit an application in accord8 ance with subsection (i)(1). 

9 ‘‘(i) COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE ZONE

10 PROJECT APPLICATIONS.— 

11 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—If required by the Presi12 dent or other Federal law, an eligible entity shall 

13 submit to the President an application at such time, 

14 in such manner, and containing or accompanied by 

15 such information as the President may reasonably 

16 require. 

17 ‘‘(2) EVALUATION AND CERTIFICATION.— 

18 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 

19 days after the date on which an eligible entity 

20 submits an application under paragraph (1), 

21 the President shall evaluate the application to 

22 determine whether the resilience or mitigation 

23 project that the entity plans to perform within, 

24 or that primarily benefits, a community disaster 

25 resilience zone— 


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1 ‘‘(i) meets or exceeds consensus-based 

2 codes, specifications, and standards; 

3 ‘‘(ii) is designed to reduce injuries, 

4 loss of life, and damage and destruction of 

5 property, such as damage to critical serv6 ices and facilities; and 

7 ‘‘(iii) substantially reduces the risk of, 

8 or increases resilience to, future damage, 

9 hardship, loss, or suffering. 

10 ‘‘(B) CERTIFICATION.—If the President 

11 determines that an application submitted under 

12 paragraph (1) meets the criteria described in 

13 subparagraph (A), the President shall certify 

14 the proposed resilience or mitigation project. 

15 ‘‘(3) PROJECTS CAUSING DISPLACEMENT.— 

16 With respect to a resilience or mitigation project cer17 tified under paragraph (2)(B) that involves the dis18 placement of a resident from any habitable housing 

19 unit, the entity performing the resilience or mitiga20 tion project shall, to the extent practicable as deter21 mined by the President, provide the resident the op22 tion to have a suitable and comparable housing unit 

23 in the same local community under terms that are 

24 similar to the terms of the habitable housing unit 

25 from which the resident is displaced. 


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1 ‘‘(4) FLOOD PROTECTION PROJECTS.—With re2 spect to a resilience or mitigation project certified 

3 under paragraph (2)(B) that is a flood protection 

4 project under the jurisdiction of the United States 

5 Army Corps of Engineers, the flood protection 

6 project shall meet or exceed flood protection stand7 ards of the Army Corps of Engineers.’’. 

8 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

9 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Community Disaster 

10 Resilience Zones Act of 2022’’. 

11 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

12 Section 101(b) of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief 

13 and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121(b)) is 

14 amended— 

15 (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 

16 end; 

17 (2) in paragraph (6), by adding ‘‘; and’’ at the 

18 end; and 

19 (3) by adding at the end the following: 

20 ‘‘(7) identifying and improving the climate and 

21 natural hazard resilience of vulnerable communities.’’. 

22 SEC. 3. NATURAL HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENT. 

23 (a) IN GENERAL.—Title II of the Robert T. Stafford 

24 Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 

25 5131 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: 


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1 ‘‘SEC. 206. NATURAL HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENT. 

2 ‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

3 ‘‘(1) COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE ZONE.— 

4 The term ‘community disaster resilience zone’ means 

5 a census tract designated by the President under sub6 section (d)(1). 

7 ‘‘(2) ELIGIBLE ENTITY.—The term ‘eligible enti8 ty’ means— 

9 ‘‘(A) a State; 

10 ‘‘(B) an Indian tribal government; or 

11 ‘‘(C) a local government. 

12 ‘‘(b) PRODUCTS.—The President shall continue to 

13 maintain a natural hazard assessment program that devel14 ops and maintains products that— 

15 ‘‘(1) are available to the public; and 

16 ‘‘(2) define natural hazard risk across the United 

17 States. 

18 ‘‘(c) FEATURES.—The products maintained under sub19 section (b) shall, for lands within States and areas under 

20 the jurisdiction of Indian tribal governments— 

21 ‘‘(1) show the risk of natural hazards; and 

22 ‘‘(2) include ratings and data for— 

23 ‘‘(A) loss exposure, including population 

24 equivalence, buildings, and agriculture; 

25 ‘‘(B) social vulnerability; 

26 ‘‘(C) community resilience; and 


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1 ‘‘(D) any other element determined by the 

2 President. 

3 ‘‘(d) COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE ZONES DES4 IGNATION.— 

5 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days after 

6 the date on which the President makes the update and 

7 enhancement required under subsection (e)(4), and 

8 not less frequently than every 5 years thereafter, the 

9 President shall identify and designate community 

10 disaster resilience zones, which shall be— 

11 ‘‘(A) the 50 census tracts assigned the high12 est individual hazard risk ratings; and 

13 ‘‘(B) subject to paragraph (3), in each 

14 State, not less than 1 percent of census tracts 

15 that are assigned high individual risk ratings. 

16 ‘‘(2) RISK RATINGS.—In carrying out paragraph 

17 (1), the President shall use census tract risk ratings 

18 derived from a product maintained under subsection 

19 (b) that— 

20 ‘‘(A) reflect— 

21 ‘‘(i) high levels of individual hazard 

22 risk ratings based on an assessment of the 

23 intersection of— 

24 ‘‘(I) loss to population equiva25 lence; 


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1 ‘‘(II) building value; and 

2 ‘‘(III) agriculture value; 

3 ‘‘(ii) high social vulnerability ratings 

4 and low community resilience ratings; and 

5 ‘‘(iii) any other elements determined 

6 by the President; and 

7 ‘‘(B) reflect the principal natural hazard 

8 risks identified for the respective census tracts. 

9 ‘‘(3) GEOGRAPHIC BALANCE.—In identifying 

10 and designating the community disaster resilience 

11 zones described in paragraph (1)(B)— 

12 ‘‘(A) for the purpose of achieving geographic 

13 balance, when applicable, the President shall 

14 consider making designations in coastal, inland, 

15 urban, suburban, and rural areas; and 

16 ‘‘(B) the President shall include census 

17 tracts on Tribal lands located within a State. 

18 ‘‘(4) DURATION.—The designation of a commu19 nity disaster resilience zone under paragraph (1) 

20 shall be effective for a period of not less than 5 years. 

21 ‘‘(e) REVIEW AND UPDATE.—Not later than 180 days 

22 after the date of enactment of the Community Disaster Re23 silience Zones Act of 2022, and not less frequently than 

24 every 5 years thereafter, the President shall— 


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1 ‘‘(1) with respect to any product that is a nat2 ural hazard risk assessment— 

3 ‘‘(A) review the underlying methodology of 

4 the product; and 

5 ‘‘(B) receive public input on the method6 ology and data used for the product; 

7 ‘‘(2) consider including additional data in any 

8 product that is a natural hazard risk assessment, 

9 such as— 

10 ‘‘(A) the most recent census tract data; 

11 ‘‘(B) data from the American Community 

12 Survey of the Bureau of the Census, a successor 

13 survey, a similar survey, or another data source, 

14 including data by census tract on housing char15 acteristics and income; 

16 ‘‘(C) information relating to development, 

17 improvements, and hazard mitigation measures; 

18 ‘‘(D) data that assesses past and future loss 

19 exposure, including analysis on the effects of a 

20 changing climate on future loss exposure; 

21 ‘‘(E) data from the Resilience Analysis and 

22 Planning Tool of the Federal Emergency Man23 agement Agency; and 

24 ‘‘(F) other information relevant to 

25 prioritizing areas that have— 


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1 ‘‘(i) high risk levels of— 

2 ‘‘(I) natural hazard loss exposure, 

3 including population equivalence, 

4 buildings, infrastructure, and agri5 culture; and 

6 ‘‘(II) social vulnerability; and 

7 ‘‘(ii) low levels of community resil8 ience; 

9 ‘‘(3) make publicly available any changes in 

10 methodology or data used to inform an update to a 

11 product maintained under subsection (b); and 

12 ‘‘(4) update and enhance the products main13 tained under subsection (b), as necessary. 

14 ‘‘(f) NATURAL HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENT IN15 SIGHTS.—In determining additional data to include in 

16 products that are natural hazard risk assessments under 

17 subsection (e)(2), the President shall consult with, at a min18 imum— 

19 ‘‘(1) the Administrator of the Federal Emergency 

20 Management Agency; 

21 ‘‘(2) the Secretary of Agriculture and the Chief 

22 of the Forest Service; 

23 ‘‘(3) the Secretary of Commerce, the Adminis24 trator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad25 ministration, the Director of the Bureau of the CenVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:46 Sep 07, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\S3875.RS S3875

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1 sus, and the Director of the National Institute of 

2 Standards and Technology; 

3 ‘‘(4) the Secretary of Defense and the Com4 manding Officer of the United States Army Corps of 

5 Engineers; 

6 ‘‘(5) the Administrator of the Environmental 

7 Protection Agency; 

8 ‘‘(6) the Secretary of the Interior and the Direc9 tor of the United States Geological Survey; 

10 ‘‘(7) the Secretary of Housing and Urban Devel11 opment; and 

12 ‘‘(8) the Director of the Federal Housing Finance 

13 Agency. 

14 ‘‘(g) COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE ZONE.—With 

15 respect to financial assistance provided under section 203(i) 

16 to perform a resilience or mitigation project within, or that 

17 primarily benefits, a community disaster resilience zone, 

18 the President may increase the amount of the Federal share 

19 described under section 203(h) to not more than 90 percent 

20 of the total cost of the resilience or mitigation project. 

21 ‘‘(h) RESILIENCE OR MITIGATION PROJECT PLANNING

22 ASSISTANCE.— 

23 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The President may provide 

24 financial, technical, or other assistance under this 

25 title to an eligible entity that plans to perform a reVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:46 Sep 07, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\S3875.RS S3875

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1 silience or mitigation project within, or that pri2 marily benefits, a community disaster resilience zone. 

3 ‘‘(2) PURPOSE.—The purpose of assistance pro4 vided under paragraph (1) shall be to carry out ac5 tivities in preparation for a resilience or mitigation 

6 project or seek an evaluation and certification under 

7 subsection (i)(2) for a resilience or mitigation project 

8 before the date on which permanent work of the resil9 ience or mitigation project begins. 

10 ‘‘(3) APPLICATION.—If required by the President, 

11 an eligible entity seeking assistance under paragraph 

12 (1) shall submit an application in accordance with 

13 subsection (i)(1). 

14 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.—In providing assistance under 

15 paragraph (1), the President may use amounts set 

16 aside under section 203(i). 

17 ‘‘(i) COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE ZONE

18 PROJECT APPLICATIONS.— 

19 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—If required by the President 

20 or other Federal law, an eligible entity shall submit 

21 to the President an application at such time, in such 

22 manner, and containing or accompanied by such in23 formation as the President may reasonably require. 

24 ‘‘(2) EVALUATION AND CERTIFICATION.— 


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1 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 

2 days after the date on which an eligible entity 

3 submits an application under paragraph (1), the 

4 President shall evaluate the application to deter5 mine whether the resilience or mitigation project 

6 that the entity plans to perform within, or that 

7 primarily benefits, a community disaster resil8 ience zone— 

9 ‘‘(i) meets or exceeds hazard-resistant, 

10 consensus-based codes, specifications, and 

11 standards; 

12 ‘‘(ii) is designed to reduce injuries, loss 

13 of life, and damage and destruction of prop14 erty, such as damage to critical services and 

15 facilities; and 

16 ‘‘(iii) substantially reduces the risk of, 

17 or increases resilience to, future damage, 

18 hardship, loss, or suffering. 

19 ‘‘(B) CERTIFICATION.—If the President de20 termines that an application submitted under 

21 paragraph (1) meets the criteria described in 

22 subparagraph (A), the President shall certify the 

23 proposed resilience or mitigation project. 

24 ‘‘(C) EFFECT OF CERTIFICATION.—The cer25 tification of a proposed resilience or mitigation 


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1 project under subparagraph (B) shall not be con2 strued to exempt the resilience or mitigation 

3 project from the requirements of any other law. 

4 ‘‘(3) PROJECTS CAUSING DISPLACEMENT.—With 

5 respect to a resilience or mitigation project certified 

6 under paragraph (2)(B) that involves the displace7 ment of a resident from any occupied housing unit, 

8 the entity performing the resilience or mitigation 

9 project shall— 

10 ‘‘(A) provide, at the option of the resident, 

11 a suitable and habitable housing unit that is, 

12 with respect to the housing unit from which the 

13 resident is displaced— 

14 ‘‘(i) of a comparable size; 

15 ‘‘(ii) located in the same local commu16 nity or a community with reduced hazard 

17 risk; and 

18 ‘‘(iii) offered under similar costs, con19 ditions, and terms; 

20 ‘‘(B) ensure that property acquisitions re21 sulting from the displacement and made in con22 nection with the resilience or mitigation 

23 project— 


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1 ‘‘(i) are deed restricted in perpetuity to 

2 preclude future property uses not relating to 

3 mitigation or resilience; and 

4 ‘‘(ii) are the result of a voluntary deci5 sion by the resident; and 

6 ‘‘(C) plan for robust public participation in 

7 the resilience or mitigation project.’’. 

8 (b) NATIONAL RISK INDEX FUNDING.—Nothing in sec9 tion 206 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and 

10 Emergency Assistance Act, as added by subsection (a) of 

11 this section, shall be construed to prohibit the Adminis12 trator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency from 

13 using amounts available to maintain and update the Na14 tional Risk Index until the earlier of— 

15 (1) the date on which those amounts are trans16 ferred to another source; and 

17 (2) 3 years after the date of enactment of this 

18 Act. 


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Calendar No. 479 

117TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 3875 

[Report No. 117–141] 

A BILL 

To require the President to develop and maintain 

across the United States, and for other purposes. products that show the risk of natural hazards 

SEPTEMBER 7, 2022 

Reported with an amendment 


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