II 

117TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 3699 

To provide guidance for and investment in the research and development 

activities of the Department of Energy Office of Science, and for other 

purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

FEBRUARY 17, 2022 

Mr. MANCHIN (for himself, Mr. BARRASSO, Mr. DURBIN, and Mrs. BLACKBURN) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred 

to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

A BILL 

To provide guidance for and investment in the research and 

development activities of the Department of Energy Office of Science, and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Department of Energy 

5 Science for the Future Act of 2022’’. 

6 SEC. 2. MISSION OF THE OFFICE OF SCIENCE. 

7 Section 209 of the Department of Energy Organiza8 tion Act (42 U.S.C. 7139) is amended by adding at the 

9 end the following: 


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1 ‘‘(d) USER FACILITIES.—The Director shall carry 

2 out the construction, operation, and maintenance of user 

3 facilities to support the mission described in subsection 

4 (c). As practicable, these facilities shall serve the needs 

5 of the Department, industry, the academic community, 

6 and other relevant entities for the purposes of advancing 

7 the missions of the Department, improving the competi8 tiveness of the United States, protecting public health and 

9 safety, and addressing other national priorities including 

10 emergencies. 

11 ‘‘(e) COORDINATION.— 

12 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary— 

13 ‘‘(A) shall ensure the coordination of the 

14 Office of Science with the other activities of the 

15 Department, including the transfer of knowl16 edge, capabilities, and relevant technologies 

17 from basic research programs of the Depart18 ment to applied research and development pro19 grams of the Department for the purpose of en20 abling development of mission-relevant tech21 nologies; 

22 ‘‘(B) shall support joint activities among 

23 the programs of the Department; 


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1 ‘‘(C) shall coordinate with other relevant 

2 Federal agencies in supporting advancements in 

3 related research areas as appropriate; and 

4 ‘‘(D) may form partnerships to enhance 

5 the utilization of and ensure access to user fa6 cilities by other Federal agencies. 

7 ‘‘(2) OFFICE OF SCIENCE.—The Director— 

8 ‘‘(A) shall ensure the coordination of pro9 grams and activities carried out by the Office of 

10 Science; and 

11 ‘‘(B) shall direct all programs which have 

12 not recently completed a future planning road13 map consistent with the funding of such pro14 grams authorized under the Department of En15 ergy Science for the Future Act of 2022 to 

16 complete such a roadmap.’’. 

17 SEC. 3. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES PROGRAM. 

18 (a) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RESEARCH AND INNO19 VATION ACT.—Section 303 of the Department of Energy 

20 Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18641) is amend21 ed— 

22 (1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (e) 

23 as subsections (c) through (g), respectively; 

24 (2) by inserting before subsection (c), as so re25 designated, the following: 


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1 ‘‘(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized 

2 under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organiza3 tion Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out 

4 a research and development program in basic energy 

5 sciences, including materials sciences and engineering, 

6 chemical sciences, physical biosciences, geosciences, and 

7 other disciplines, to understand, model, and control matter 

8 and energy at the electronic, atomic, and molecular levels 

9 in order to provide the foundations for new energy tech10 nologies, address scientific grand challenges, and support 

11 the energy, environment, and national security missions 

12 of the Department. 

13 ‘‘(b) SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY.—In carrying out 

14 chemistry-related research and development activities 

15 under this section, the Director shall prioritize research 

16 and development of sustainable chemistry to support 

17 clean, safe, and economic alternatives and methodologies 

18 to traditional chemical products and processes.’’; 

19 (3) in subsection (d), as so redesignated— 

20 (A) in paragraph (3)— 

21 (i) in subparagraph (C), by striking 

22 ‘‘and’’ at the end; 

23 (ii) by redesignating subparagraph 

24 (D) as subparagraph (E); and 


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1 (iii) by inserting after subparagraph 

2 (C) the following: 

3 ‘‘(D) autonomous chemistry and materials 

4 synthesis and characterization facilities that le5 verage advances in artificial intelligence; and’’; 

6 and 

7 (B) by adding at the end the following: 

8 ‘‘(4) ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE UPGRADE.— 

9 ‘‘(A) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph: 

10 ‘‘(i) FLUX.—The term ‘flux’ means 

11 the rate of flow of photons. 

12 ‘‘(ii) HARD X-RAY.—The term ‘hard 

13 x-ray’ means a photon with energy greater 

14 than 20 kiloelectron volts. 

15 ‘‘(B) UPGRADE.—The Secretary shall pro16 vide for the upgrade to the Advanced Photon 

17 Source described in the publication approved by 

18 the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 

19 on June 9, 2016, entitled ‘Report on Facility 

20 Upgrades’, including the development of a 

21 multibend achromat lattice to produce a high 

22 flux of coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray 

23 energy region and a suite of beamlines opti24 mized for this source. 


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1 ‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec2 retary shall, subject to the availability of appro3 priations, ensure that the start of full oper4 ations of the upgrade under this paragraph oc5 curs before March 31, 2026. 

6 ‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

7 to be appropriated under subsection (j), there is 

8 authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary 

9 to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph 

10 $101,000,000 for fiscal year 2022 and 

11 $56,000,000 for fiscal year 2023. 

12 ‘‘(5) SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE PROTON

13 POWER UPGRADE.— 

14 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

15 provide for the proton power upgrade to the 

16 Spallation Neutron Source. 

17 ‘‘(B) PROTON POWER UPGRADE DE18 FINED.—In this paragraph, the term ‘proton 

19 power upgrade’ means the Spallation Neutron 

20 Source power upgrade described in— 

21 ‘‘(i) the publication entitled ‘Facilities 

22 for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year 

23 Outlook’, published by the Office of 

24 Science of the Department in December, 

25 2003; 


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1 ‘‘(ii) the publication entitled ‘Four 

2 Years Later: An Interim Report on Facili3 ties for the Future of Science: A Twenty4 Year Outlook’, published by the Office of 

5 Science of the Department in August, 

6 2007; and 

7 ‘‘(iii) the publication approved by the 

8 Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 

9 on June 9, 2016, entitled ‘Report on Facil10 ity Upgrades’. 

11 ‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec12 retary shall, subject to the availability of appro13 priations, ensure that the start of full oper14 ations of the upgrade under this paragraph oc15 curs before July 30, 2028, with the option for 

16 early operation in 2025. 

17 ‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

18 to be appropriated under subsection (j), there is 

19 authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary 

20 to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph 

21 $49,800,000 for fiscal year 2022. 

22 ‘‘(6) SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE SECOND

23 TARGET STATION.— 


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1 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

2 provide for a second target station for the 

3 Spallation Neutron Source. 

4 ‘‘(B) SECOND TARGET STATION DE5 FINED.—In this paragraph, the term ‘second 

6 target station’ means the Spallation Neutron 

7 Source second target station described in— 

8 ‘‘(i) the publication entitled, ‘Facilities 

9 for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year 

10 Outlook’, published by the Office of 

11 Science of the Department in December, 

12 2003; 

13 ‘‘(ii) the publication entitled, ‘Four 

14 Years Later: An Interim Report on Facili15 ties for the Future of Science: A Twenty16 Year Outlook’, published by the Office of 

17 Science of the Department in August, 

18 2007; and 

19 ‘‘(iii) the publication approved by the 

20 Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 

21 on June 9, 2016, entitled ‘Report on Facil22 ity Upgrades’. 

23 ‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec24 retary shall, subject to the availability of appro25 priations, ensure that the start of full operVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:19 Feb 25, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3699.IS S3699

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1 ations of the second target station under this 

2 paragraph occurs before December 31, 2033, 

3 with the option for early operation in 2029. 

4 ‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

5 to be appropriated under subsection (j), there 

6 are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec7 retary to carry out the activities under this 

8 paragraph, including construction— 

9 ‘‘(i) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

10 ‘‘(ii) $127,000,000 for fiscal year 

11 2023; 

12 ‘‘(iii) $204,000,000 for fiscal year 

13 2024; 

14 ‘‘(iv) $279,000,000 for fiscal year 

15 2025; and 

16 ‘‘(v) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 

17 2026. 

18 ‘‘(7) ADVANCED LIGHT SOURCE UPGRADE.— 

19 ‘‘(A) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph: 

20 ‘‘(i) FLUX.—The term ‘flux’ means 

21 the rate of flow of photons. 

22 ‘‘(ii) SOFT X-RAY.—The term ‘soft x23 ray’ means a photon with energy in the 

24 range from 50 to 2,000 electron volts. 


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1 ‘‘(B) UPGRADE.—The Secretary shall pro2 vide for the upgrade to the Advanced Light 

3 Source described in the publication approved by 

4 the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 

5 on June 9, 2016, entitled ‘Report on Facility 

6 Upgrades’, including the development of a 

7 multibend achromat lattice to produce a high 

8 flux of coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray en9 ergy region. 

10 ‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec11 retary shall, subject to the availability of appro12 priations, ensure that the start of full oper13 ations of the upgrade under this paragraph oc14 curs before September 30, 2029. 

15 ‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

16 to be appropriated under subsection (j), there 

17 are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec18 retary to carry out the upgrade under this 

19 paragraph— 

20 ‘‘(i) $75,100,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

21 ‘‘(ii) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 

22 2023; 

23 ‘‘(iii) $102,500,000 for fiscal year 

24 2024; 


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1 ‘‘(iv) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 

2 2025; and 

3 ‘‘(v) $26,400,000 for fiscal year 2026. 

4 ‘‘(8) LINAC COHERENT LIGHT SOURCE II HIGH

5 ENERGY UPGRADE.— 

6 ‘‘(A) DEFINITIONS.—In this paragraph: 

7 ‘‘(i) HIGH ENERGY.—The term ‘high 

8 energy’, with respect to an x-ray, means a 

9 photon with an energy in the 5 to 13 

10 kiloelectron volt range. 

11 ‘‘(ii) HIGH REPETITION RATE.—The 

12 term ‘high repetition rate’ means the deliv13 ery of x-ray pulses up to 1,000,000 pulses 

14 per second. 

15 ‘‘(iii) ULTRA-SHORT PULSE.—The 

16 term ‘ultra-short pulse’, with respect to an 

17 x-ray, means that the x-ray has bursts ca18 pable of durations of less than 100 

19 femtoseconds. 

20 ‘‘(B) UPGRADE.—The Secretary shall— 

21 ‘‘(i) provide for the upgrade to the 

22 Linac Coherent Light Source II facility de23 scribed in the publication approved by the 

24 Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 

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1 ity Upgrades’, including the development 

2 of experimental capabilities for high energy 

3 x-rays to reveal fundamental scientific dis4 coveries; and 

5 ‘‘(ii) ensure such upgrade enables the 

6 production and use of high energy, ultra7 short pulse x-rays delivered at a high rep8 etition rate. 

9 ‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec10 retary shall, subject to the availability of appro11 priations, ensure that the start of full oper12 ations of the upgrade under this paragraph oc13 curs before December 31, 2026. 

14 ‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

15 to be appropriated under subsection (j), there 

16 are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec17 retary to carry out the upgrade under this 

18 paragraph— 

19 ‘‘(i) $106,925,000 for fiscal year 

20 2022; 

21 ‘‘(ii) $125,925,000 for fiscal year 

22 2023; 

23 ‘‘(iii) $115,000,000 for fiscal year 

24 2024; 


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1 ‘‘(iv) $89,000,000 for fiscal year 

2 2025; and 

3 ‘‘(v) $49,344,000 for fiscal year 2026. 

4 ‘‘(9) CRYOMODULE REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE

5 FACILITY.— 

6 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

7 provide for the construction of a cryomodule re8 pair and maintenance facility to service the 

9 Linac Coherent Light Source II and subsequent 

10 upgrades. 

11 ‘‘(B) CONSULTATION REQUIRED.—The 

12 Secretary shall consult with the private sector, 

13 institutions of higher education, National Lab14 oratories, and relevant Federal agencies to en15 sure that the facility described in subparagraph 

16 (A) has the capability to maintain, repair, and 

17 test superconducting radio frequency accel18 erator components. 

19 ‘‘(C) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

20 to be appropriated under subsection (j), there 

21 are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec22 retary to carry out the activities under this 

23 paragraph— 

24 ‘‘(i) $19,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

25 ‘‘(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; 


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1 ‘‘(iii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 

2 2024; and 

3 ‘‘(iv) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 

4 2025. 

5 ‘‘(10) NANOSCALE SCIENCE RESEARCH CENTER

6 RECAPITALIZATION PROJECT.— 

7 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

8 provide for the recapitalization of the Nanoscale 

9 Science Research Centers, to include the up10 grade of equipment at each Center supported 

11 by the Office of Science on the date of enact12 ment of the Department of Energy Science for 

13 the Future Act of 2022, to accelerate advances 

14 in the various fields of science including nano15 science, materials, chemistry, biology, and 

16 quantum information science. 

17 ‘‘(B) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

18 to be appropriated under subsection (j), there 

19 are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec20 retary to carry out the recapitalization under 

21 this paragraph— 

22 ‘‘(i) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

23 ‘‘(ii) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; 

24 ‘‘(iii) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 

25 2024; and 


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1 ‘‘(iv) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 

2 2025. 

3 ‘‘(11) NATIONAL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE

4 II BEAMLINE BUILDOUT.— 

5 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

6 provide for the development and construction of 

7 beamlines to provide significant additional ca8 pacity, complement the existing portfolio of 

9 beamlines, and complete the buildout of the Na10 tional Synchrotron Light Source II. 

11 ‘‘(B) START OF OPERATIONS.—Subject to 

12 the availability of appropriations, the Sec13 retary— 

14 ‘‘(i) shall begin carrying out subpara15 graph (A) not later than September 30, 

16 2036; and 

17 ‘‘(ii) may begin carrying out subpara18 graph (A)— 

19 ‘‘(I) in calendar year 2033; or 

20 ‘‘(II) after the construction of in21 dividual beamlines is complete. 

22 ‘‘(C) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized 

23 to be appropriated under subsection (j), there 

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1 retary such sums as are necessary to carry out 

2 this paragraph.’’; and 

3 (4) by adding at the end the following: 

4 ‘‘(h) COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS AND CHEMICAL

5 SCIENCES.— 

6 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support 

7 a program of research and development for the ap8 plication of advanced computing practices to 

9 foundational and emerging research problems in 

10 chemistry and materials science. Research activities 

11 shall include— 

12 ‘‘(A) chemical catalysis research and devel13 opment; 

14 ‘‘(B) the use of large data sets to model 

15 materials phenomena, including through ad16 vanced characterization of materials, materials 

17 synthesis, processing, and innovative use of ex18 perimental and theoretical data; 

19 ‘‘(C) codesign of chemical system and 

20 chemistry modeling software with advanced 

21 computing systems and hardware technologies; 

22 and 

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1 namics and quantum chemistry, including 

2 through novel computing methods. 

3 ‘‘(2) COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS AND CHEM4 ICAL SCIENCES CENTERS.— 

5 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 

6 activities authorized under paragraph (1), the 

7 Director shall select and establish up to 6 com8 putational materials and chemical sciences cen9 ters to— 

10 ‘‘(i) develop open-source, robust, and 

11 validated computational codes and user12 friendly software, coupled with innovative 

13 use of experimental and theoretical data, 

14 to enable the design, discovery, and devel15 opment of new materials and chemical sys16 tems; and 

17 ‘‘(ii) focus on overcoming challenges 

18 and maximizing the benefits of exascale 

19 and other high performance computing 

20 underpinned by accelerated node tech21 nologies. 

22 ‘‘(B) SELECTION.—The Director shall se23 lect centers under subparagraph (A) on a com24 petitive, merit-reviewed basis. The Director 

25 shall consider applications from the National 


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1 Laboratories, institutes of higher education, 

2 multi-institutional collaborations, and other ap3 propriate entities. 

4 ‘‘(C) DURATION.— 

5 ‘‘(i) NEW CENTERS.—A center se6 lected under subparagraph (A) shall re7 ceive support for a period of not more than 

8 5 years beginning on the date of establish9 ment of that center, subject to the avail10 ability of appropriations. 

11 ‘‘(ii) EXISTING CENTERS.—A center 

12 already in existence on the date of enact13 ment of the Department of Energy Science 

14 for the Future Act of 2022 may continue 

15 to receive support for a period of not more 

16 than 5 years beginning on the date of es17 tablishment of that center. 

18 ‘‘(D) RENEWAL.—Upon the expiration of 

19 any period of support of a center under this 

20 subsection, the Director may renew support for 

21 the center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a pe22 riod of not more than 5 years. 

23 ‘‘(E) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized 

24 to be appropriated under subsection (j), there 

25 are authorized to be appropriated to the SecVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:19 Feb 25, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3699.IS S3699

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1 retary such sums as are necessary to carry out 

2 this paragraph. 

3 ‘‘(i) MATERIALS RESEARCH DATABASE.— 

4 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall support 

5 the development of a web-based platform to develop 

6 and provide access to a database of computed infor7 mation on known and predicted materials properties 

8 and computational tools to accelerate breakthroughs 

9 in materials discovery and design. 

10 ‘‘(2) PROGRAM.—In carrying out this sub11 section, the Director shall— 

12 ‘‘(A) conduct cooperative research among 

13 National Laboratories, industry, academia, and 

14 other research institutions to advance under15 standing, prediction, and manipulation of mate16 rials and facilitate the design of novel materials; 

17 ‘‘(B) develop and maintain data infrastruc18 ture at user facilities that generate data to col19 lect, analyze, label, and otherwise prepare the 

20 data for inclusion in the database; 

21 ‘‘(C) leverage existing high performance 

22 computing systems to conduct high throughput 

23 calculations, and develop computational and 

24 data mining algorithms for the prediction of 

25 material properties; 


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1 ‘‘(D) strengthen the foundation for new 

2 technologies and advanced manufacturing; and 

3 ‘‘(E) drive the development of advanced 

4 materials for applications that span the Depart5 ment’s missions in energy, environment, and 

6 national security. 

7 ‘‘(3) COORDINATION.—In carrying out this sub8 section, the Director shall leverage programs and ac9 tivities across the Department, including computa10 tional materials and chemical sciences centers estab11 lished under subsection (h). 

12 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be 

13 appropriated under subsection (j), there is author14 ized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 

15 activities under this subsection $10,000,000 for each 

16 of fiscal years 2022 through 2026. 

17 ‘‘(j) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

18 are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry 

19 out the activities described in this section— 

20 ‘‘(1) $2,877,705,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

21 ‘‘(2) $2,978,896,600 for fiscal year 2023; 

22 ‘‘(3) $3,169,489,612 for fiscal year 2024; 

23 ‘‘(4) $3,311,698,885 for fiscal year 2025; and 

24 ‘‘(5) $3,441,651,600 for fiscal year 2026.’’. 


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1 (b) ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS.—Section 973 of 

2 the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16313) is 

3 amended— 

4 (1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) 

5 and inserting the following: 

6 ‘‘(4) FUNDS.—Of the funds authorized to be 

7 appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal 

8 year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 

9 Secretary to carry out activities under this sub10 section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 

11 through 2026.’’; and 

12 (2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) 

13 and inserting the following: 

14 ‘‘(4) FUNDS.—Of the funds authorized to be 

15 appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal 

16 year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 

17 Secretary to carry out activities under this sub18 section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 

19 through 2026.’’. 

20 (c) ELECTRICITY STORAGE RESEARCH INITIATIVE.— 

21 Section 975 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 

22 16315) is amended— 

23 (1) in subsection (a)— 

24 (A) in paragraph (1)— 


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1 (i) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by strik2 ing ‘‘and’’ after the semicolon at the end; 

3 (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 

4 the period at the end and inserting ‘‘; 

5 and’’; and 

6 (iii) by adding at the end the fol7 lowing: 

8 ‘‘(C) to ensure the competitiveness of the 

9 United States in energy storage by fostering an 

10 ecosystem linking fundamental research and de11 velopment to deployment of storage solutions 

12 while minimizing the environmental impacts of 

13 energy storage technologies.’’; and 

14 (B) in paragraph (2)— 

15 (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 

16 ‘‘and’’ after the semicolon at the end; 

17 (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 

18 the period at the end and inserting ‘‘; 

19 and’’; and 

20 (iii) by adding at the end the fol21 lowing: 

22 ‘‘(C) any other relevant office of the De23 partment.’’; 

24 (2) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) 

25 and inserting the following: 


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1 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized to be 

2 appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal 

3 year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 

4 Secretary to carry out activities under this sub5 section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 

6 through 2026.’’; 

7 (3) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) 

8 and inserting the following: 

9 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized to be 

10 appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal 

11 year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 

12 Secretary to carry out activities under this sub13 section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 

14 through 2026.’’; and 

15 (4) in subsection (d), by striking paragraph (4) 

16 and inserting the following: 

17 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized to be 

18 appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal 

19 year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 

20 Secretary to carry out activities under this sub21 section $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 

22 through 2026.’’. 

23 (d) FOUNDATIONAL NUCLEAR SCIENCE.— 

24 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the Office of 

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1 velopment to bridge scientific barriers to, and ex2 pand theoretical and fundamental knowledge rel3 evant to, nuclear matter for the benefit of commerce, 

4 medicine, and national security. 

5 (2) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program de6 scribed in paragraph (1)— 

7 (A) the Director of the Office of Science 

8 shall support basic research to pursue distinct 

9 lines of scientific inquiry, including— 

10 (i) nuclear materials science, including 

11 the application of advanced computing 

12 practices to foundational and emerging re13 search problems in nuclear materials 

14 science and discovery; 

15 (ii) the use of large data sets to model 

16 materials phenomena, including through— 

17 (I) advanced characterization of 

18 materials; 

19 (II) materials synthesis; 

20 (III) processing; and 

21 (IV) innovative use of experi22 mental and theoretical data; 

23 (iii) electrochemistry and associated 

24 techniques for processing nuclear mate25 rials; 


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1 (iv) advanced instrumentation and nu2 clear data collection to inform the activities 

3 described in clauses (i) through (iii); and 

4 (v) any other line of scientific inquiry, 

5 as determined by the Director of the Office 

6 of Science; and 

7 (B) the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear 

8 Energy shall consult with the Director of the 

9 Office of Science to support the direction of 

10 translational research, development, and valida11 tion of physical concepts developed under the 

12 program. 

13 (3) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized to be 

14 appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal 

15 year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 

16 Secretary of Energy to carry out activities under 

17 this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 

18 2022 through 2026. 

19 (e) CARBON MATERIALS SCIENCE INITIATIVE.— 

20 (1) INITIATIVE.— 

21 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of En22 ergy (referred to in this subsection as the ‘‘Sec23 retary’’) shall establish a research initiative, to 

24 be known as the ‘‘Carbon Materials Science Ini25 tiative’’ (referred to in this subsection as the 


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1 ‘‘Initiative’’), to expand the fundamental knowl2 edge of coal and carbon ore chemistry useful for 

3 understanding the conversion of carbon to ma4 terial products. 

5 (B) COORDINATION.—In carrying out pro6 grams and activities under the Initiative, the 

7 Secretary shall leverage expertise and resources 

8 from the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon 

9 Management and the United States Geological 

10 Survey. 

11 (C) TEAMS.— 

12 (i) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 

13 Initiative, the Secretary shall establish and 

14 organize activities among multidisciplinary 

15 teams to leverage, to the maximum extent 

16 practicable, expertise from the National 

17 Laboratories, institutions of higher edu18 cation, and the private sector. 

19 (ii) GOALS.—The multidisciplinary 

20 teams described in clause (i) shall pursue 

21 aggressive, milestone-driven basic research 

22 goals established by the Secretary. 

23 (2) RESEARCH PROGRAM.— 

24 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

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1 port, and discover knowledge relevant to, car2 bon materials research. 

3 (B) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program 

4 described in subparagraph (A)— 

5 (i) the Director of the Office of 

6 Science shall support basic research to 

7 pursue distinct lines of scientific inquiry, 

8 including methods of extraction and utili9 zation of the materials and valuable min10 erals contained in raw coal; and 

11 (ii) the Director of the Office of 

12 Science and the Assistant Secretary of En13 ergy for Fossil Energy and Carbon Man14 agement shall support basic research to 

15 pursue distinct lines of scientific inquiry, 

16 including methods of improving materials 

17 for use as carbon oxide membranes for use 

18 in carbon capture systems. 

19 (C) REVIEW.—The Secretary shall periodi20 cally review activities carried out under the pro21 gram described in subparagraph (A) to evaluate 

22 the achievement of technical milestones. 

23 (D) COORDINATION WITH EXISTING PRO24 GRAMS AND CENTERS.—In carrying out the 


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1 program described in subparagraph (A), the 

2 Secretary shall— 

3 (i) ensure coordination with— 

4 (I) the United States Geological 

5 Survey; and 

6 (II) the programs and the Car7 bon Utilization Research Center es8 tablished under section 969A of the 

9 Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 

10 16298a); and 

11 (ii) avoid duplication of efforts to the 

12 maximum extent practicable. 

13 (3) CARBON MATERIALS RESEARCH CEN14 TERS.— 

15 (A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the ac16 tivities authorized under paragraph (2), the 

17 Secretary shall establish 1 center in each of the 

18 2 major coal-producing regions of the United 

19 States, each of which shall— 

20 (i) be known as a ‘‘Carbon Materials 

21 Research Center’’ (referred to in this para22 graph as a ‘‘Center’’); and 

23 (ii) focus on early stage research and 

24 development activities, including— 


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1 (I) developing and advancing 

2 methods of extracting carbon or other 

3 valuable materials from raw coal, or 

4 other solid carbon materials, for the 

5 development of other carbon-based 

6 materials; 

7 (II) improving methods of im8 proving the structural, physical, and 

9 chemical properties of carbon mate10 rials or other valuable materials from 

11 raw coal or other solid carbon mate12 rials and their recyclability; and 

13 (III) focusing on overcoming the 

14 challenges and maximizing the bene15 fits of coal-derived carbon. 

16 (B) SELECTION.—The Secretary shall— 

17 (i) select Centers under subparagraph 

18 (A) on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis; 

19 and 

20 (ii) consider applications from the Na21 tional Laboratories, institutions of higher 

22 education, multi-institutional collabora23 tions, and other appropriate entities. 

24 (C) DURATION.—A Center shall receive 

25 support for a period of not more than 5 years 


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1 beginning on the date of establishment of that 

2 Center, subject to the availability of appropria3 tions. 

4 (D) RENEWAL.—On the expiration of any 

5 period of support of a Center, the Secretary 

6 may renew support for that Center, on a merit7 reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 

8 years. 

9 (4) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized to be 

10 appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal 

11 year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 

12 Secretary to carry out activities under this sub13 section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 

14 through 2026. 

15 (f) CARBON OXIDE SEQUESTRATION RESEARCH AND

16 GEOLOGIC COMPUTING INITIATIVE.— 

17 (1) INITIATIVE.— 

18 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of En19 ergy (referred to in this subsection as the ‘‘Sec20 retary’’) shall establish a research initiative, to 

21 be known as the ‘‘Carbon Oxide Sequestration 

22 Research and Geologic Computing Initiative’’ 

23 (referred to in this subsection as the ‘‘Initia24 tive’’), to expand the fundamental knowledge, 

25 data collection, data analysis, and modeling of 


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1 subsurface geology for the purpose of advancing 

2 carbon oxide sequestration in geologic forma3 tions. 

4 (B) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out pro5 grams and activities under the Initiative, the 

6 Secretary shall leverage expertise and resources 

7 from the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon 

8 Management and the United States Geological 

9 Survey. 

10 (C) TEAMS.— 

11 (i) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the 

12 Initiative, the Secretary shall establish and 

13 organize activities among multidisciplinary 

14 teams to leverage, to the maximum extent 

15 practicable, expertise from the National 

16 Laboratories, institutions of higher edu17 cation, and the private sector. 

18 (ii) GOALS.—The multidisciplinary 

19 teams described in clause (i) shall pursue 

20 aggressive, milestone-driven basic research 

21 goals established by the Secretary. 

22 (D) ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES.—The Sec23 retary may organize additional activities under 

24 this subsection through other organizational 

25 structures. 


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1 (2) RESEARCH PROGRAM.— 

2 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

3 carry out under the Initiative a program to sup4 port research needed for, and discover knowl5 edge relevant to, the sequestration of carbon ox6 ides in geologic formations. 

7 (B) ACTIVITIES.—As part of the program 

8 described in subparagraph (A), the Director of 

9 the Office of Science shall support basic re10 search to pursue distinct lines of scientific in11 quiry, including— 

12 (i) methods of gathering geologic data 

13 for pore space characterization, including 

14 improvements to geologic seismic imaging; 

15 (ii) methods of evaluating pore space 

16 quality, including evaluation of geologic 

17 samples, to determine appropriate seques18 tration zones for carbon oxides; 

19 (iii) methods of testing carbon oxide 

20 sequestration; 

21 (iv) methods of monitoring carbon 

22 oxide migration in geologic formations; and 

23 (v) advancements in data analytics, 

24 including the analysis of seismic data, and 

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1 puting, visualization, and imaging of geo2 logic formations for the sequestration of 

3 carbon oxides. 

4 (C) REVIEW.—The Secretary shall periodi5 cally review activities carried out under the pro6 gram described in subparagraph (A) to evaluate 

7 achievement of technical milestones. 

8 (3) CARBON OXIDE STORAGE RESEARCH AND

9 GEOLOGIC COMPUTING CENTERS.— 

10 (A) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the ac11 tivities authorized under paragraph (2), the Di12 rector of the Office of Science shall select and 

13 establish not more than 2 carbon oxide storage 

14 research and geologic computing centers (re15 ferred to in this paragraph as a ‘‘Center’’) to 

16 develop and advance improvements to data col17 lection, analysis, and modeling of subsurface ge18 ology for the purpose of advancing carbon oxide 

19 sequestration in geologic formations. 

20 (B) SELECTION.— 

21 (i) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the 

22 Office of Science shall— 

23 (I) select Centers under subpara24 graph (A) on a competitive, merit-re25 viewed basis; and 


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1 (II) to the maximum extent prac2 ticable, locate each Center in a region 

3 with established and ongoing geologic 

4 carbon oxide sequestration research 

5 and demonstration. 

6 (ii) APPLICATIONS.—In selecting Cen7 ters under subparagraph (A), the Director 

8 of the Office of Science shall consider ap9 plications from institutions of higher edu10 cation, multi-institutional collaborations, 

11 and other appropriate entities. 

12 (C) DURATION.— 

13 (i) NEW CENTERS.—A Center estab14 lished after the date of enactment of this 

15 Act shall receive support for a period of 

16 not more than 5 years beginning on the 

17 date of establishment of that Center, sub18 ject to the availability of appropriations. 

19 (ii) EXISTING CENTERS.—A Center 

20 already in existence on the date of enact21 ment of this Act may continue to receive 

22 support for a period of not more than 5 

23 years beginning on that date of enactment. 

24 (iii) RENEWAL.—On expiration of a 

25 period of support described in clause (i) or 


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1 (ii), the Director of the Office of Science 

2 may renew support for the Center, on a 

3 merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not 

4 more than 5 years. 

5 (4) COORDINATION WITH EXISTING PROGRAMS

6 AND CENTERS.—In carrying out this subsection, the 

7 Secretary shall— 

8 (A) ensure coordination with— 

9 (i) the United States Geological Sur10 vey; and 

11 (ii) the programs established under 

12 section 963 of the Energy Policy Act of 

13 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16293); and 

14 (B) avoid duplication of efforts to the max15 imum extent practicable. 

16 (5) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized to be 

17 appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal 

18 year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 

19 Secretary to carry out activities under this sub20 section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 

21 through 2026. 

22 SEC. 4. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH. 

23 (a) PROGRAM; BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; BIOMOLEC24 ULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND IMAGING SCIENCE.—SecVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:19 Feb 25, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3699.IS S3699

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1 tion 306 of the Department of Energy Research and Inno2 vation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) is amended— 

3 (1) in subsection (c), by redesignating para4 graphs (6) through (8) as paragraphs (5) through 

5 (7), respectively; 

6 (2) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) 

7 as subsections (d) through (f), respectively; 

8 (3) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the 

9 following: 

10 ‘‘(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the duties of the Director 

11 authorized under section 209 of the Department of En12 ergy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), and coordinated 

13 with the activities authorized under sections 303 and 304, 

14 the Director shall carry out a program of research and 

15 development in the areas of biological systems science and 

16 climate and environmental science, including subsurface 

17 science, relevant to the development of new energy tech18 nologies and to support the energy, environmental, and 

19 national security missions of the Department. 

20 ‘‘(b) BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS.—The Director shall 

21 carry out research and development activities in genomic 

22 science including fundamental research on plants and mi23 crobes to increase systems-level understanding of the com24 plex biological systems, which may include activities— 


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1 ‘‘(1) to provide a fundamental understanding of 

2 the biology of plants, fungi, and microbes as a basis 

3 for developing innovative processes for bioenergy and 

4 bioproducts and accelerate breakthroughs and new 

5 knowledge that would enable the cost-effective, sus6 tainable production of— 

7 ‘‘(A) advanced biofuels; 

8 ‘‘(B) bioenergy; and 

9 ‘‘(C) biobased materials; 

10 ‘‘(2) to conduct foundational functional biology 

11 research— 

12 ‘‘(A) to support expanded biosystems de13 sign research; and 

14 ‘‘(B) to understand— 

15 ‘‘(i) fundamental genome structure; 

16 and 

17 ‘‘(ii) phenomes, including functional 

18 genomics of gene products at genome 

19 scale; 

20 ‘‘(3) to develop biosystems designs and syn21 thetic biology approaches for new nonfood plant-de22 rived and microbially derived bioproducts as a basis 

23 for new bioeconomy and biotechnology applications 

24 in bioproducts production, resource recovery, recy25 cling, and upcycling ventures; 


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1 ‘‘(4) to conduct research to better understand 

2 environmentally relevant microbiomes and the inter3 dependencies between plants and microbes in a sus4 tainable ecosystem; 

5 ‘‘(5) to improve fundamental understanding of 

6 plant and microbial processes impacting the global 

7 carbon cycle, including processes for removing car8 bon dioxide from the atmosphere, through photosyn9 thesis and other biological processes, for sequestra10 tion, storage, and utilization; 

11 ‘‘(6) to understand the microbiome mechanisms 

12 and microbiota used to transform, immobilize, or re13 move contaminants from subsurface environments 

14 and that affect the cycling and disposition of carbon, 

15 nutrients, and contaminants in the environment; 

16 ‘‘(7) to develop the computational approaches 

17 and integrated platforms for open access collabo18 rative science; 

19 ‘‘(8) to leverage tools and approaches across the 

20 Office of Science to expand research to include novel 

21 processes, methods, and science to develop bio-based 

22 chemicals, polymers, inorganic materials, including 

23 research— 

24 ‘‘(A) to advance fungal, microbial, and 

25 plant biosystems design research to advance the 


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1 understanding of how CRISPR tools and other 

2 gene editing tools and technologies work in na3 ture, in the laboratory, and in practice; 

4 ‘‘(B) to deepen genome-enabled knowledge 

5 of the roles of microbes and microbial commu6 nities, including fungi, in— 

7 ‘‘(i) supporting plant and tree produc8 tivity, performance, adaptation, and resil9 ience in changing environmental condi10 tions; and 

11 ‘‘(ii) optimizing end uses of biomass; 

12 ‘‘(C) to develop biosystems design methods 

13 and tools to increase the efficiency of photosyn14 thesis in plants; and 

15 ‘‘(D) to increase the scale and pace of 

16 characterizing the functions and physical char17 acteristics of microbes and microbial commu18 nities to improve biosystems design; 

19 ‘‘(9) to conduct research focused on developing 

20 analysis techniques and simulation capabilities, in21 cluding artificial intelligence and machine learning, 

22 on high-performance computing platforms to accel23 erate collaborative and reproducible systems biology 

24 research; 


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1 ‘‘(10) to develop new technologies for bio2 imaging, measurement, and characterization pur3 poses— 

4 ‘‘(A) through the Biomolecular Character5 ization and Imaging Science program of the 

6 Department; and 

7 ‘‘(B) to understand the structural, spatial, 

8 and temporal relationships of metabolic proc9 esses governing phenotypic expression in plants 

10 and microbes; 

11 ‘‘(11) to conduct research focused on genotype12 to-phenotype translations to develop a predictive un13 derstanding of cellular function under a variety of 

14 relevant environmental and bioenergy-related condi15 tions; 

16 ‘‘(12) to conduct metagenomic and metadata 

17 assembly research sequencing and analysis; and 

18 ‘‘(13) to develop other relevant methods and 

19 processes as determined by the Director. 

20 ‘‘(c) BIOMOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND IMAG21 ING SCIENCE.—The Director shall carry out research and 

22 development activities in biomolecular characterization 

23 and imaging science, including development of integrative 

24 imaging and analysis platforms and biosensors to under25 stand the expression, structure, and function of genome 


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1 information encoded within cells and for real-time meas2 urements in ecosystems and field sites of relevance to the 

3 mission of the Department.’’; and 

4 (4) by adding at the end the following: 

5 ‘‘(l) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

6 ‘‘(1) ADVANCED BIOFUEL.—The term ‘ad7 vanced biofuel’ has the meaning given the term in 

8 section 9001 of the Farm Security and Rural Invest9 ment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101). 

10 ‘‘(2) BIOENERGY.—The term ‘bioenergy’ means 

11 energy derived from biofuels. 

12 ‘‘(3) BIOMASS.—The term ‘biomass’ has the 

13 meaning given the term in section 203(b) of the En14 ergy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15852(b)). 

15 ‘‘(4) BIOPRODUCT.—The term ‘bioproduct’ has 

16 the meaning given the term ‘biobased product’ in 

17 section 9001 of the Farm Security and Rural Invest18 ment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).’’. 

19 (b) LOW-DOSE RADIATION RESEARCH PROGRAM.— 

20 Paragraph (8) of subsection (e) of section 306 of the De21 partment of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 

22 U.S.C. 18644), as redesignated by subsection (a)(2), is 

23 amended— 

24 (1) in subparagraph (C), by striking ‘‘and’’; 


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1 (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period 

2 at the end and inserting a semicolon; and 

3 (3) by adding at the end the following: 

4 ‘‘(E) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and 

5 ‘‘(F) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.’’. 

6 (c) LOW-DOSE RADIATION AND SPACE RADIATION

7 RESEARCH PROGRAM.—Subsection (f) of section 306 of 

8 the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act 

9 (42 U.S.C. 18644), as redesignated by subsection (a)(2), 

10 is amended to read as follows: 

11 ‘‘(f) LOW-DOSE RADIATION AND SPACE RADIATION

12 RESEARCH PROGRAM.— 

13 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in consulta14 tion with the Administrator of the National Aero15 nautics and Space Administration, shall carry out a 

16 basic research program on the similarities and dif17 ferences between the effects of exposure to low-dose 

18 radiation on Earth, in low Earth orbit, and in the 

19 space environment. 

20 ‘‘(2) PURPOSE.—The purpose of the program 

21 described in paragraph (1) is to accelerate break22 throughs in low-dose and low dose-rate radiation re23 search and development as described in subsection 

24 (e) and to inform the advancement of new tools, 


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1 technologies, and advanced materials needed to fa2 cilitate long-duration space exploration.’’. 

3 (d) CLIMATE, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, AND

4 OTHER ACTIVITIES.—Section 306 of the Department of 

5 Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) 

6 (as amended by subsection (a)) is amended by inserting 

7 after subsection (f) the following: 

8 ‘‘(g) EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS

9 SCIENCES ACTIVITIES.— 

10 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of the activities au11 thorized under subsection (a), and in coordination 

12 with activities carried out under subsection (b), the 

13 Director shall carry out earth and environmental 

14 systems science research, in consultation with the 

15 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 

16 and other relevant agencies, which may include ac17 tivities— 

18 ‘‘(A) to understand, observe, measure, and 

19 model the response of Earth’s atmosphere and 

20 biosphere to changing concentrations of green21 house gas emissions and any associated changes 

22 in climate, including frequency and intensity of 

23 extreme weather events; 

24 ‘‘(B) to understand the coupled physical, 

25 chemical, and biological processes to transform, 


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1 immobilize, remove, or move carbon, nitrogen, 

2 and other energy production-derived contami3 nants such as radionuclides and heavy metals, 

4 and understand the process of sequestration 

5 and transformation of these, carbon dioxide, 

6 and other relevant molecules in subsurface envi7 ronments; 

8 ‘‘(C) to understand, observe, and model the 

9 cycling of water, carbon, and nutrients in ter10 restrial systems and at scales relevant to re11 sources management; 

12 ‘‘(D) to understand the biological, biogeo13 chemical, and physical processes across the 

14 multiple scales that control the flux of environ15 mentally relevant compounds between the ter16 restrial surface and the atmosphere; and 

17 ‘‘(E) to understand and predict inter18 actions among natural and human systems to 

19 inform potential mitigation and adaptation op20 tions for increased concentrations of greenhouse 

21 gas emissions and any associated changes in cli22 mate. 

23 ‘‘(2) PRIORITIZATION.—In carrying out the 

24 program authorized under paragraph (1), the Direc25 tor shall prioritize— 


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1 ‘‘(A) the development of software and algo2 rithms to enable the productive application of 

3 environmental systems and extreme weather in 

4 climate and Earth system prediction models in 

5 high-performance computing systems; and 

6 ‘‘(B) capabilities that support the Depart7 ment’s mission needs for energy and infrastruc8 ture security, resilience, and reliability. 

9 ‘‘(3) ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS SCIENCE RE10 SEARCH.— 

11 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—As part of the activi12 ties described in paragraph (1), the Director 

13 shall carry out research to advance an inte14 grated, robust, and scale-aware predictive un15 derstanding of environmental systems, including 

16 the role of hydrobiogeochemistry, from the sub17 surface to the top of the vegetative canopy that 

18 considers effects of seasonal to interannual vari19 ability and change. 

20 ‘‘(B) CLEAN WATER AND WATERSHED RE21 SEARCH.—As part of the activities described in 

22 subparagraph (A), the Director shall— 

23 ‘‘(i) support interdisciplinary research 

24 to significantly advance our understanding 

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1 pact of human activity and a changing cli2 mate on urban and rural watershed sys3 tems, including in freshwater environ4 ments; 

5 ‘‘(ii) consult with the Interagency Re6 search, Development, and Demonstration 

7 Coordination Committee on the Nexus of 

8 Energy and Water for Sustainability estab9 lished under section 1010 of the Energy 

10 Act of 2020 (Public Law 116–260) on en11 ergy-water nexus research activities; and 

12 ‘‘(iii) engage with representatives of 

13 research and academic institutions, non14 profit organizations, State, local, and tribal 

15 governments, and industry, who have ex16 pertise in technologies, technological inno17 vations, or practices relating to the energy18 water nexus, as applicable. 

19 ‘‘(C) COORDINATION.— 

20 ‘‘(i) DIRECTOR.—The Director shall 

21 carry out activities under this paragraph in 

22 accordance with priorities established by 

23 the Secretary to support and accelerate the 

24 decontamination of relevant facilities man25 aged by the Department. 


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1 ‘‘(ii) SECRETARY.—The Secretary 

2 shall ensure the coordination of activities 

3 of the Department, including activities 

4 under this paragraph, to support and ac5 celerate the decontamination of relevant fa6 cilities managed by the Department. 

7 ‘‘(4) CLIMATE AND EARTH MODELING.—As 

8 part of the activities described in paragraph (1), the 

9 Director, in collaboration with the Advanced Sci10 entific Computing Research program described in 

11 section 304 and other programs carried out by the 

12 Department, as applicable, and in consultation with 

13 the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra14 tion and other relevant agencies, shall carry out re15 search to develop, evaluate, and use high-resolution 

16 regional climate, global climate, Earth system, and 

17 other relevant models to inform decisions on reduc18 ing greenhouse gas emissions and the resulting im19 pacts of a changing global climate. Such modeling 

20 shall include— 

21 ‘‘(A) integrated capabilities for modeling 

22 multisectoral interactions, including the impacts 

23 of climate policies on human systems and the 

24 interdependencies and risks at the energy25 water-land nexus; 


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1 ‘‘(B) greenhouse gas emissions, air quality, 

2 energy supply and demand, and other critical 

3 elements; and 

4 ‘‘(C) interaction among human and Earth 

5 systems informed by interdisciplinary research, 

6 including the economic and social sciences. 

7 ‘‘(5) MIDSCALE FUNDING MECHANISM.— 

8 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Any of the activities 

9 authorized in this subsection may be carried out 

10 by competitively selected midscale, multi-institu11 tional research centers in lieu of individual re12 search grants, or large-scale experiments or 

13 user facilities. 

14 ‘‘(B) CONSIDERATION.—The Biological 

15 and Environmental Research Advisory Com16 mittee shall provide recommendations to the Di17 rector on projects most suitable for the research 

18 centers described in subparagraph (A). 

19 ‘‘(6) ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES RESEARCH SUB20 PROGRAM.— 

21 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

22 establish a subprogram as part of the activities 

23 carried out under paragraph (1), to be known 

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1 gram’, under which the Secretary shall conduct 

2 research relating to— 

3 ‘‘(i) better understanding the atmos4 phere and the interaction of the atmos5 phere with the surface of the Earth; 

6 ‘‘(ii) understanding sources of uncer7 tainty in Earth system models, including 

8 with respect to the interdependence of 

9 clouds (including contrails), atmospheric 

10 aerosols (including natural aerosol loading 

11 events), and precipitation; 

12 ‘‘(iii) understanding the radiative bal13 ance and hydrological cycle of Earth; and 

14 ‘‘(iv) demonstrating the improved pre15 dictability of regional and global atmos16 pheric models due to improved process17 level understanding. 

18 ‘‘(B) ACTIVITIES.—In carrying out the At19 mospheric Sciences Research Subprogram, the 

20 Secretary shall— 

21 ‘‘(i) collect data and conduct research 

22 to advance atmospheric and Earth system 

23 modeling capabilities; 

24 ‘‘(ii) develop integrated, scalable test25 beds that— 


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1 ‘‘(I) incorporate process-level un2 derstanding of the life cycles of 

3 aerosols, clouds, and precipitation; 

4 and 

5 ‘‘(II) can be incorporated into 

6 other models; 

7 ‘‘(iii) improve data, analysis, and pre8 diction systems in marine, littoral, terres9 trial, and arctic environments, including 

10 those environments sensitive to changes in 

11 the climate; and 

12 ‘‘(iv) support the development of tech13 nologies relating to— 

14 ‘‘(I) more accurate cloud, aerosol, 

15 and other atmospheric sensors; 

16 ‘‘(II) observing sensor networks; 

17 and 

18 ‘‘(III) computational predictive 

19 modeling. 

20 ‘‘(C) USE OF ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION

21 MEASUREMENT PROGRAM FACILITIES AND IN22 FRASTRUCTURE.—To support the Atmospheric 

23 Sciences Research Subprogram and improve 

24 fundamental understanding of the physical and 

25 chemical processes that impact the formation, 


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1 life cycle, and radiative impacts of cloud and 

2 aerosol particles, the Secretary shall use the fa3 cilities and infrastructure of the Atmospheric 

4 Radiation Measurement User Facility— 

5 ‘‘(i) to provide support to environ6 mental scientists by collecting high-quality 

7 and well-characterized in-situ and aircraft 

8 observations of— 

9 ‘‘(I) the microphysical properties 

10 of clouds and atmospheric aerosols; 

11 ‘‘(II) the coincident and highly 

12 detailed dynamical and thermo13 dynamic properties of the atmospheric 

14 environment that contains those 

15 clouds and aerosols; 

16 ‘‘(III) the properties of precipita17 tion; and 

18 ‘‘(IV) the properties of radiation 

19 and the background environment; and 

20 ‘‘(ii) to carry out laboratory studies 

21 and ground-based and airborne field cam22 paigns to target specific atmospheric proc23 esses in different locations and across a 

24 range of environments, including by develVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:19 Feb 25, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3699.IS S3699

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1 oping technologies to assist in advancing 

2 predictive capabilities. 

3 ‘‘(h) BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH

4 USER FACILITIES.— 

5 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry 

6 out a program for the development, construction, op7 eration, and maintenance of user facilities to en8 hance the collection and analysis of observational 

9 data related to complex biological, climate, and envi10 ronmental systems. 

11 ‘‘(2) SELECTION.— 

12 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall se13 lect user facilities under paragraph (1) on a 

14 competitive, merit-reviewed basis. 

15 ‘‘(B) APPLICANTS.—In selecting user fa16 cilities under paragraph (1), the Director shall 

17 consider applications from the National Labora18 tories, institutes of higher education, multi-in19 stitutional collaborations, and other appropriate 

20 entities. 

21 ‘‘(3) FACILITY REQUIREMENTS.—To the max22 imum extent practicable, the user facilities devel23 oped, constructed, operated, or maintained under 

24 paragraph (1) shall include— 


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1 ‘‘(A) distributed field research and obser2 vation platforms for understanding earth sys3 tem processes; 

4 ‘‘(B) analytical techniques, instruments, 

5 and modeling resources, including high-through6 put molecular phenotyping, for understanding 

7 and predicting the functional processes of bio8 logical and environmental systems; 

9 ‘‘(C) integrated high-throughput sequenc10 ing, advanced bioanalytic techniques, DNA de11 sign and synthesis, metabolomics, and computa12 tional analysis; and 

13 ‘‘(D) such other facilities as the Director 

14 considers appropriate, consistent with section 

15 209 of the Department of Energy Organization 

16 Act (42 U.S.C. 7139). 

17 ‘‘(4) EXISTING FACILITIES.—In carrying out 

18 the program established in paragraph (1), the Direc19 tor is encouraged to evaluate the capabilities of ex20 isting user facilities and, to the maximum extent 

21 practicable, invest in modernization of those capa22 bilities to address emerging research priorities. 

23 ‘‘(5) MICROBIAL MOLECULAR PHENOTYPING CA24 PABILITY PROJECT.— 


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1 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

2 provide for the creation of a high-throughput 

3 microbial molecular phenotyping capability to 

4 accelerate discovery of new protein functions 

5 and metabolic pathways in microbial systems. 

6 ‘‘(B) CAPABILITIES.—In carrying out sub7 paragraph (A), the Secretary shall ensure the 

8 following capabilities: 

9 ‘‘(i) Coupled high-throughput autono10 mous experimental and multimodal analyt11 ical capabilities. 

12 ‘‘(ii) Direct integration of automated 

13 multiomics analyses, biomolecular and cel14 lular imaging, and functional biological as15 says with high-throughput microbial cul16 turing and cultivation capabilities at 

17 timescales relevant to biological processes 

18 under natural and perturbed environmental 

19 conditions. 

20 ‘‘(C) DATA COORDINATION.—In carrying 

21 out subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall en22 sure integration and coordination with existing 

23 data platforms of the Department. 

24 ‘‘(D) START OF OPERATIONS.—Subject to 

25 the availability of appropriations, the Secretary 


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1 shall begin carrying out subparagraph (A) not 

2 later than September 29, 2027. 

3 ‘‘(E) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized 

4 to be appropriated under subsection (k) for a 

5 fiscal year, there are authorized to be appro6 priated to the Secretary to carry out this para7 graph— 

8 ‘‘(i) $550,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

9 ‘‘(ii) $29,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; 

10 ‘‘(iii) $32,000,000 for fiscal year 

11 2024; 

12 ‘‘(iv) $30,500,000 for fiscal year 

13 2025; and 

14 ‘‘(v) $27,500,000 for fiscal year 2026. 

15 ‘‘(6) USER FACILITIES INTEGRATION AND COL16 LABORATION PROGRAM.— 

17 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall 

18 support a program of collaboration between 

19 user facilities to encourage and enable research20 ers to more readily integrate the tools, exper21 tise, resources, and capabilities of multiple Of22 fice of Science user facilities (as described in 

23 subsection (d) of section 209 of the Department 

24 of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139)) 


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1 to further research and advance emerging tech2 nologies. 

3 ‘‘(B) ACTIVITIES.—The program shall ad4 vance the integration of automation, robotics, 

5 computational biology, bioinformatics, bio6 sensing, cellular platforms and other relevant 

7 emerging technologies as determined by the Di8 rector to enhance productivity and scientific im9 pact of user facilities. 

10 ‘‘(7) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the pro11 gram authorized under paragraph (1), the Director 

12 shall ensure that the Office of Science— 

13 ‘‘(A) consults and coordinates with the Na14 tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 

15 the Environmental Protection Agency, the Na16 tional Aeronautics and Space Administration, 

17 the Department of Agriculture, the Department 

18 of the Interior, and any other relevant Federal 

19 agency on the collection, validation, and anal20 ysis of atmospheric data; and 

21 ‘‘(B) coordinates with relevant stake22 holders, including institutes of higher education, 

23 nonprofit research institutions, industry, State, 

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1 able relevant atmospheric and historical weath2 er data. 

3 ‘‘(i) COASTAL ZONE RESEARCH INITIATIVE.— 

4 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry 

5 out a research program, in consultation with the Na6 tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and 

7 other relevant Federal agencies, to enhance the un8 derstanding of coastal ecosystems. In carrying out 

9 this program, the Director shall prioritize efforts to 

10 enhance the collection of observational data, and 

11 shall develop models to analyze the ecological, bio12 geochemical, hydrological, physical, and human proc13 esses that interact in coastal zones. 

14 ‘‘(2) COASTAL DATA COLLECTION SYSTEM.— 

15 The Director shall establish, in consultation with the 

16 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 

17 and other relevant agencies, an integrated system of 

18 geographically diverse field research sites in order to 

19 improve the scientific understanding and predict20 ability of the major land water interfaces of the 

21 United States, including— 

22 ‘‘(A) the Great Lakes region; 

23 ‘‘(B) the Pacific coast; 

24 ‘‘(C) the Atlantic coast; 

25 ‘‘(D) the Arctic; 


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1 ‘‘(E) the Gulf coast; and 

2 ‘‘(F) the coasts of United States territories 

3 and freely associated States. 

4 ‘‘(3) EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE.—In carrying 

5 out the programs and establishing the field research 

6 sites under paragraphs (1) and (2), the Secretary 

7 shall leverage existing research and development in8 frastructure supported by the Department, including 

9 the Department’s existing marine and coastal re10 search lab. 

11 ‘‘(4) COORDINATION.—For the purposes of car12 rying out the programs and establishing the field re13 search sites under paragraphs (1) and (2), the Sec14 retary may enter into agreements with Federal De15 partments and agencies with complementary capa16 bilities. 

17 ‘‘(j) ENGINEERED ECOSYSTEMS INITIATIVE.— 

18 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall estab19 lish within the Biological and Environmental Re20 search program an initiative focused on the develop21 ment of engineered ecosystems through the applica22 tion of artificial intelligence, novel sensing capabili23 ties, and other emerging technologies. 

24 ‘‘(2) INTERAGENCY COORDINATION.—The Sec25 retary shall coordinate with the Director of the NaVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:19 Feb 25, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00058 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3699.IS S3699

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1 tional Science Foundation, the Administrator of the 

2 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 

3 the Director of the U.S. Geological Survey, the Sec4 retary of Agriculture, and other relevant officials to 

5 avoid duplication of research and observational ac6 tivities and to ensure that activities carried out 

7 under the initiative established under paragraph (1) 

8 are complimentary to activities being undertaken by 

9 other agencies. 

10 ‘‘(3) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after 

11 the date of enactment of the Department of Energy 

12 Science for the Future Act of 2022, the Secretary 

13 shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, 

14 and Technology of the House of Representatives and 

15 the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of 

16 the Senate a report on the activity authorized under 

17 this subsection. 

18 ‘‘(k) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of 

19 funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of 

20 Science in a fiscal year, there are authorized to be appro21 priated to the Secretary to carry out the activities de22 scribed in this section— 

23 ‘‘(1) $880,360,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

24 ‘‘(2) $946,385,200 for fiscal year 2023; 

25 ‘‘(3) $1,016,332,164 for fiscal year 2024; 


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1 ‘‘(4) $1,090,475,415 for fiscal year 2025; and 

2 ‘‘(5) $1,169,108,695 for fiscal year 2026.’’. 

3 (e) BIOENERGY RESEARCH CENTERS.—Section 977 

4 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317) is 

5 amended by striking subsection (f) and inserting the fol6 lowing: 

7 ‘‘(f) BIOENERGY RESEARCH CENTERS.— 

8 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the pro9 gram under section 306(a) of the Department of 

10 Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 

11 18644(a)), the Director shall support up to 6 bio12 energy research centers, or make an equivalent in13 vestment in other center-scale funding modalities, to 

14 conduct fundamental research in plant and microbial 

15 systems biology, biological imaging and analysis, and 

16 genomics, and to accelerate advanced research and 

17 development of advanced biofuels, bioenergy or 

18 biobased materials, chemicals, and products that are 

19 produced from a variety of regionally diverse feed20 stocks, and to facilitate the translation of research 

21 results to industry. The activities of the centers au22 thorized under this subsection may include— 

23 ‘‘(A) accelerating the domestication of bio24 energy-relevant plants, microbes, and associated 

25 microbial communities to enable high-impact, 


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1 value-added coproduct development at multiple 

2 points in the bioenergy supply chain; 

3 ‘‘(B) developing the science and techno4 logical advances to ensure process sustainability 

5 is considered in the creation of advanced 

6 biofuels and bioproducts from lignocellulosic 

7 biomass; and 

8 ‘‘(C) using the latest tools in genomics, 

9 molecular biology, catalysis science, chemical 

10 engineering, systems biology, and computational 

11 and robotics technologies to sustainably produce 

12 and transform biomass into advanced biofuels 

13 and bioproducts. 

14 ‘‘(2) SELECTION AND DURATION.— 

15 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A center established 

16 under paragraph (1) shall be selected on a com17 petitive, merit-reviewed basis for a period of not 

18 more than 5 years, subject to the availability of 

19 appropriations, beginning on the date of estab20 lishment of that center. 

21 ‘‘(B) APPLICATIONS.—The Director shall 

22 consider applications from National Labora23 tories, multi-institutional collaborations, and 

24 other appropriate entities. 


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1 ‘‘(C) EXISTING CENTERS.—A center al2 ready in existence on the date of enactment of 

3 the Department of Energy Science for the Fu4 ture Act of 2022 may continue to receive sup5 port for a period of not more than 5 years be6 ginning on the date of establishment of that 

7 center. 

8 ‘‘(D) NEW CENTERS.—At least 1 new cen9 ter established under paragraph (1) shall be led 

10 by an institution of higher education (as de11 fined in section 101 of the Higher Education 

12 Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) that is located 

13 in an eligible jurisdiction (as defined in section 

14 2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 

15 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))). 

16 ‘‘(3) RENEWAL.—After the end of the applica17 ble period described in paragraph (2), the Director 

18 may renew support for a center for a period of not 

19 more than 5 years on a merit-reviewed basis. For a 

20 center in operation for 10 years after its previous se21 lection on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, the 

22 Director may renew support for the center on a com23 petitive, merit-reviewed basis for a period of not 

24 more than 5 years, and may subsequently provide an 


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1 additional renewal on a merit-reviewed basis for a 

2 period of not more than 5 years. 

3 ‘‘(4) ACTIVITIES.—Centers shall undertake re4 search activities to accelerate the production of ad5 vanced biofuels and bioproducts from biomass re6 sources by identifying the most suitable species of 

7 plants for use as energy crops; and improving meth8 ods of breeding, propagation, planting, producing, 

9 harvesting, storage and processing. Activities may 

10 include the following: 

11 ‘‘(A) Research activities to increase sus12 tainability, including— 

13 ‘‘(i) advancing knowledge of how bio14 energy crop interactions with biotic and 

15 abiotic environmental factors influence 

16 crop growth, yield, and quality; 

17 ‘‘(ii) identifying the most impactful 

18 research areas that address the economics 

19 of advanced biofuels and bioproducts pro20 duction; and 

21 ‘‘(iii) utilizing multiscale modeling to 

22 advance predictive understanding of ad23 vanced biofuel cropping ecosystems. 

24 ‘‘(B) Research activities to further feed25 stock development, including lignocellulosic, 


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1 algal, gaseous wastes including carbon oxides 

2 and methane, and direct air capture of single 

3 carbon gases via plants and microbes, includ4 ing— 

5 ‘‘(i) developing genetic and genomic 

6 tools, high-throughput analytical tools, and 

7 biosystems design approaches to enhance 

8 bioenergy feedstocks and their associated 

9 microbiomes; 

10 ‘‘(ii) conducting field testing of new 

11 potential bioenergy feedstock crops under 

12 environmentally benign and geographically 

13 diverse conditions to assess viability and 

14 robustness; and 

15 ‘‘(iii) developing quantitative models 

16 informed by experimentation to predict 

17 how bioenergy feedstocks perform under 

18 diverse conditions. 

19 ‘‘(C) Research activities to improve 

20 lignocellulosic deconstruction and separation 

21 methods, including— 

22 ‘‘(i) developing feedstock-agnostic 

23 deconstruction processes capable of effi24 ciently fractionating biomass into targeted 

25 output streams; 


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1 ‘‘(ii) gaining a detailed understanding 

2 of plant cell wall biosynthesis, composition, 

3 structure, and properties during 

4 deconstruction; and 

5 ‘‘(iii) improving enzymes and ap6 proaches for biomass breakdown and cel7 lulose, hemicellulose, and lignin processing. 

8 ‘‘(D) Research activities to improve the 

9 feedstock conversion process for advanced 

10 biofuels and bioproducts, including— 

11 ‘‘(i) developing high-throughput meth12 ods to screen or select high-performance 

13 microbial strains and communities to im14 prove product formation rates, yields, and 

15 selectivity; 

16 ‘‘(ii) establishing a broad set of plat17 form microorganisms and microbial com18 munities suitable for metabolic engineering 

19 to produce advanced biofuels and bioprod20 ucts and high-throughput methods for ex21 perimental validation of gene function; 

22 ‘‘(iii) developing techniques to en23 hance microbial robustness for tolerating 

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1 standing of the cellular and molecular 

2 bases of tolerance for major chemical class3 es of inhibitors found in these processes; 

4 ‘‘(iv) advancing technologies for the 

5 use of batch, continuous, and consolidated 

6 bioprocessing; 

7 ‘‘(v) identifying, creating, and opti8 mizing microbial and chemical pathways to 

9 produce promising, atom-economical inter10 mediates and final bioproducts from bio11 mass with considerations given to environ12 mentally benign processes; 

13 ‘‘(vi) developing high-throughput, 

14 real-time, in situ analytical techniques to 

15 understand and characterize the pre- and 

16 post-bioproduct separation streams in de17 tail; 

18 ‘‘(vii) creating methodologies for effi19 ciently identifying viable target molecules, 

20 identifying high-value bioproducts in exist21 ing biomass streams, and utilizing current 

22 byproduct streams; 

23 ‘‘(viii) identifying and improving plant 

24 feedstocks with enhanced extractable levels 


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1 of desired bioproducts or bioproduct pre2 cursors, including lignin streams; and 

3 ‘‘(ix) developing integrated biological 

4 and chemical catalytic approaches to 

5 valorize and produce a diverse portfolio of 

6 advanced biofuels and bioproducts. 

7 ‘‘(5) INDUSTRY PARTNERSHIPS.—Centers shall 

8 establish industry partnerships to translate research 

9 results to commercial applications. 

10 ‘‘(6) COORDINATION.—In coordination with the 

11 Bioenergy Technologies Office of the Department, 

12 the Secretary shall support interdisciplinary research 

13 activities to improve the capacity, efficiency, resil14 ience, security, reliability, and affordability, of the 

15 production and use of advanced biofuels and bio16 products, as well as activities to enable positive im17 pacts and avoid the potential negative impacts that 

18 the production and use of advanced biofuels and bio19 products may have on ecosystems, people, and his20 torically marginalized communities. 

21 ‘‘(7) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized to be 

22 appropriated under subsection (k) of section 306 of 

23 the Department of Energy Research and Innovation 

24 Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) for a fiscal year, there is au25 thorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry 


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1 out this subsection $30,000,000 per center estab2 lished under paragraph (1) for each of fiscal years 

3 2022 through 2026. 

4 ‘‘(8) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: 

5 ‘‘(A) ADVANCED BIOFUEL.—The term ‘ad6 vanced biofuel’ has the meaning given the term 

7 in section 9001 of the Farm Security and Rural 

8 Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101). 

9 ‘‘(B) BIOENERGY.—The term ‘bioenergy’ 

10 means energy derived from biofuels. 

11 ‘‘(C) BIOMASS.—The term ‘biomass’ has 

12 the meaning given the term in section 203(b) of 

13 the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 

14 15852(b)). 

15 ‘‘(D) BIOPRODUCT.—The term ‘bio16 product’ has the meaning given the term 

17 ‘biobased product’ in section 9001 of the Farm 

18 Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 

19 U.S.C. 8101).’’. 

20 SEC. 5. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH 

21 PROGRAM. 

22 (a) ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RE23 SEARCH.—Section 304 of the Department of Energy Re24 search and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18642) is amend25 ed— 


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1 (1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (c) 

2 as subsections (b) through (d), respectively; 

3 (2) by inserting before subsection (b), as so re4 designated, the following: 

5 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—As part of the activities author6 ized under section 209 of the Department of Energy Orga7 nization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry 

8 out, in coordination with academia and relevant public and 

9 private sector entities, a research, development, and dem10 onstration program— 

11 ‘‘(1) to steward applied mathematics, computa12 tional science, and computer science research rel13 evant to the missions of the Department and the 

14 competitiveness of the United States; 

15 ‘‘(2) to develop modeling, simulation, and other 

16 computational tools relevant to other scientific dis17 ciplines and to the development of new energy tech18 nologies and other technologies; 

19 ‘‘(3) to advance computing and networking ca20 pabilities for data-driven discovery; and 

21 ‘‘(4) to develop advanced scientific computing 

22 hardware and software tools for science and engi23 neering.’’; 

24 (3) in subsection (c), as so redesignated— 


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1 (A) by striking ‘‘The Director’’ and insert2 ing the following: 

3 ‘‘(1) DIRECTOR.—The Director’’; and 

4 (B) by adding at the end the following: 

5 ‘‘(2) COORDINATION.—The Under Secretary for 

6 Science shall ensure the coordination of the activities 

7 of the Department, including activities under this 

8 section, to determine and meet the computational 

9 and networking research and facility needs of the 

10 Office of Science and all other relevant energy tech11 nology and energy efficiency programs within the 

12 Department and with other Federal agencies as ap13 propriate.’’; 

14 (4) by amending subsection (d), as so redesig15 nated, to read as follows: 

16 ‘‘(d) APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND SOFTWARE DE17 VELOPMENT FOR HIGH-END COMPUTING SYSTEMS AND

18 COMPUTER SCIENCES RESEARCH.— 

19 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall carry 

20 out activities to develop, test, and support— 

21 ‘‘(A) mathematics, statistics, and algo22 rithms for modeling complex systems relevant 

23 to the missions of the Department, including on 

24 advanced computing architectures; and 


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1 ‘‘(B) tools, languages, programming envi2 ronments, and operations for high-end com3 puting systems (as defined in section 2 of the 

4 American Super Computing Leadership Act of 

5 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5541)). 

6 ‘‘(2) PORTFOLIO BALANCE.— 

7 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall 

8 maintain a balanced portfolio within the ad9 vanced scientific computing research and devel10 opment program established under section 976 

11 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 

12 16316) that supports robust investment in— 

13 ‘‘(i) applied mathematical, computa14 tional, and computer sciences research 

15 needs relevant to the mission of the De16 partment, including foundational areas 

17 that are critical to the advancement of en18 ergy sciences and technologies and new 

19 and emerging computing technologies; and 

20 ‘‘(ii) associated high-performance 

21 computing hardware and facilities. 

22 ‘‘(B) EXASCALE ECOSYSTEM

23 SUSTAINMENT.— 

24 ‘‘(i) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the 

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1 puting Project has successfully created a 

2 broad ecosystem that provides shared soft3 ware packages, novel evaluation systems, 

4 and applications relevant to the science 

5 and engineering requirements of the De6 partment, and that such products must be 

7 maintained and improved in order that the 

8 full potential of the deployed systems can 

9 be continuously realized. 

10 ‘‘(ii) SUSTAINMENT.—The Secretary 

11 shall seek to sustain and evolve the eco12 system described in clause (i) to ensure 

13 that the exascale software stack and other 

14 research software will continue to be main15 tained, hardened, and otherwise optimized 

16 for long-term use on exascale systems and 

17 beyond and reliable availability to the user 

18 community.’’; and 

19 (5) by adding at the end the following: 

20 ‘‘(e) ADVANCED COMPUTING PROGRAM.— 

21 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall estab22 lish a program to develop and implement a strategy 

23 for achieving computing systems with capabilities be24 yond exascale computing systems. In establishing 

25 this program, the Secretary shall— 


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1 ‘‘(A) maintain foundational research pro2 grams in mathematical, computational, and 

3 computer sciences focused on new and emerging 

4 computing needs within the mission of the De5 partment, including post-Moore’s law computing 

6 architectures, novel approaches to modeling and 

7 simulation, artificial intelligence and scientific 

8 machine learning, quantum computing, edge 

9 computing, extreme heterogeneity, including po10 tential quantum accelerators, and distributed 

11 high-performance computing; 

12 ‘‘(B) retain best practices and maintain 

13 support for essential hardware, applications, 

14 and software elements of the Exascale Com15 puting Program that are necessary for sus16 taining the vitality of a long-term capable soft17 ware ecosystem for exascale and beyond; and 

18 ‘‘(C) develop a Department-wide strategy 

19 for balancing on-premises and cloud-based com20 puting and scientific data management. 

21 ‘‘(2) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the 

22 date of enactment of the Department of Energy 

23 Science for the Future Act of 2022, the Secretary 

24 shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, 

25 and Technology of the House of Representatives and 


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1 the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of 

2 the Senate a report on the development and imple3 mentation of the strategy described in paragraph 

4 (1). 

5 ‘‘(f) GUIDANCE ON MITIGATION OF BIAS IN HIGH6 PERFORMANCE COMPUTING CAPABILITIES.—In 

7 leveraging high-performance computing systems for re8 search purposes, including through the use of machine 

9 learning algorithms for data analysis and artificial intel10 ligence, the Secretary shall issue guidance for the Depart11 ment, the National Laboratories, and users as to how 

12 those capabilities should be employed in a manner that 

13 mitigates and, to the maximum extent practicable, avoids 

14 harmful algorithmic bias. 

15 ‘‘(g) ARCHITECTURAL RESEARCH IN HETERO16 GENEOUS COMPUTING SYSTEMS.— 

17 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall carry 

18 out a program of research and development in het19 erogeneous and reconfigurable computing systems to 

20 expand understanding of the potential for hetero21 geneous and reconfigurable computing systems to 

22 deliver high-performance, high-efficiency computing 

23 for Department mission challenges. That program 

24 shall include research and development that explores 

25 the convergence of big data analytics, simulations, 


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1 and artificial intelligence to drive the design of het2 erogenous computing system architectures. 

3 ‘‘(2) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the pro4 gram described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 

5 ensure coordination between research activities un6 dertaken by the Advanced Scientific Computing Re7 search program and materials research supported by 

8 the Basic Energy Sciences program within the Office 

9 of Science. 

10 ‘‘(h) ENERGY EFFICIENT COMPUTING PROGRAM.— 

11 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall sup12 port a program of fundamental research, develop13 ment, and demonstration of energy efficient com14 puting and data center technologies relevant to ad15 vanced computing applications, including high-per16 formance computing, artificial intelligence, and sci17 entific machine learning. 

18 ‘‘(2) EXECUTION.— 

19 ‘‘(A) PROGRAM.—In carrying out the pro20 gram under paragraph (1), the Secretary 

21 shall— 

22 ‘‘(i) establish a partnership for Na23 tional Laboratories, industry partners, and 

24 institutions of higher education for co25 design of energy efficient hardware, techVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:19 Feb 25, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00075 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3699.IS S3699

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1 nology, software, and applications across 

2 all applicable program offices of the De3 partment, and provide access to energy ef4 ficient computing resources to such part5 ners; 

6 ‘‘(ii) develop hardware and software 

7 technologies that decrease the energy needs 

8 of advanced computing practices, including 

9 through data center codesign; 

10 ‘‘(iii) consider multiple heterogeneous 

11 computing architectures in collaboration 

12 with the program established under sub13 section (g), including neuromorphic com14 puting, persistent computing, and ultrafast 

15 networking; and 

16 ‘‘(iv) provide, as appropriate, on a 

17 competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access 

18 for researchers from institutions of higher 

19 education, National Laboratories, industry, 

20 and other Federal agencies to the energy 

21 efficient computing technologies developed 

22 pursuant to clause (i). 

23 ‘‘(B) SELECTION OF PARTNERS.—In se24 lecting participants for the partnership estab25 lished under subparagraph (A)(i), the Secretary 


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1 shall select participants through a competitive, 

2 merit review process. 

3 ‘‘(C) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year 

4 after the date of enactment of the Department 

5 of Energy Science for the Future Act of 2022, 

6 the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 

7 Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 

8 Representatives and the Committee on Energy 

9 and Natural Resources of the Senate a report 

10 on— 

11 ‘‘(i) the activities conducted under 

12 subparagraph (A); and 

13 ‘‘(ii) the coordination and manage14 ment of the program under subparagraph 

15 (A) to ensure an integrated research pro16 gram across the Department. 

17 ‘‘(i) ENERGY SCIENCES NETWORK.— 

18 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide 

19 for upgrades to the Energy Sciences Network user 

20 facility in order to meet the research needs of the 

21 Department for highly reliable data transport capa22 bilities optimized for the requirements of large-scale 

23 science. 


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1 ‘‘(2) CAPABILITIES.—In carrying out paragraph 

2 (1), the Secretary shall ensure the following capabili3 ties: 

4 ‘‘(A) To provide high bandwidth scientific 

5 networking across the continental United States 

6 and the Atlantic Ocean. 

7 ‘‘(B) To ensure network reliability. 

8 ‘‘(C) To protect the network infrastructure 

9 from cyberattacks. 

10 ‘‘(D) To manage transport of exponentially 

11 increasing levels of data from the Department’s 

12 National Laboratories and sites, user facilities, 

13 experiments, and sensors. 

14 ‘‘(E) To contribute to the integration of 

15 heterogeneous computing frameworks and sys16 tems. 

17 ‘‘(j) COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE GRADUATE FELLOW18 SHIP.— 

19 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall sup20 port the Computational Science Graduate Fellowship 

21 program in order to facilitate collaboration between 

22 graduate students and researchers at the National 

23 Laboratories, and contribute to the development of 

24 a diverse and inclusive computational workforce to 

25 help advance research in all areas of computational 


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1 science relevant to the mission of the Department, 

2 including quantum computing. 

3 ‘‘(2) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized to be 

4 appropriated for the Advanced Scientific Computing 

5 Research Program, there are authorized to be appro6 priated to the Secretary for carrying out activities 

7 under this subsection— 

8 ‘‘(A) $21,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

9 ‘‘(B) $22,050,000 for fiscal year 2023; 

10 ‘‘(C) $23,152,500 for fiscal year 2024; 

11 ‘‘(D) $24,310,125 for fiscal year 2025; 

12 and 

13 ‘‘(E) $25,525,631 for fiscal year 2026. 

14 ‘‘(k) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of 

15 funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of 

16 Science in a fiscal year, there are authorized to be appro17 priated to the Secretary to carry out the activities de18 scribed in this section— 

19 ‘‘(1) $1,126,350,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

20 ‘‘(2) $1,222,674,500 for fiscal year 2023; 

21 ‘‘(3) $1,324,320,715 for fiscal year 2024; 

22 ‘‘(4) $1,431,660,115 for fiscal year 2025; and 

23 ‘‘(5) $1,535,090,121 for fiscal year 2026.’’. 

24 (b) QUANTUM SCIENCE NETWORK.— 


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1 (1) DEFINITIONS.—Section 2 of the National 

2 Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801) is amend3 ed— 

4 (A) by redesignating paragraph (7) as 

5 paragraph (8); and 

6 (B) by inserting after paragraph (6) the 

7 following: 

8 ‘‘(7) QUANTUM NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE.— 

9 The term ‘quantum network infrastructure’ means 

10 any facility, expertise, or capability that is necessary 

11 to enable the development and deployment of scal12 able and diverse quantum network technologies.’’. 

13 (2) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM NET14 WORK INFRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH AND DEVELOP15 MENT PROGRAM.— 

16 (A) IN GENERAL.—Title IV of the Na17 tional Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8851 

18 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 

19 following: 

20 ‘‘SEC. 403. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM NETWORK 

21 INFRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH AND DEVELOP22 MENT PROGRAM. 

23 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy (re24 ferred to in this section as the ‘Secretary’) shall carry out 

25 a research, development, and demonstration program to 


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1 accelerate innovation in quantum network infrastructure 

2 in order to— 

3 ‘‘(1) facilitate the advancement of distributed 

4 quantum computing systems through the internet 

5 and intranet; 

6 ‘‘(2) improve the precision of measurements of 

7 scientific phenomena and physical imaging tech8 nologies; 

9 ‘‘(3) develop secure national quantum commu10 nications technologies and strategies; 

11 ‘‘(4) demonstrate quantum networking utilizing 

12 the Department of Energy’s Energy Sciences Net13 work User Facility; and 

14 ‘‘(5) advance the relevant domestic supply 

15 chains and manufacturing capabilities of the United 

16 States. 

17 ‘‘(b) PROGRAM.—In carrying out this section, the 

18 Secretary shall— 

19 ‘‘(1) coordinate with— 

20 ‘‘(A) the Director of the National Science 

21 Foundation; 

22 ‘‘(B) the Director of the National Institute 

23 of Standards and Technology; 

24 ‘‘(C) the Chair of the Subcommittee on 

25 Quantum Information Science of the National 


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1 Science and Technology Council established 

2 under section 103(a); and 

3 ‘‘(D) the Chair of the Subcommittee on the 

4 Economic and Security Implications of Quan5 tum Science; 

6 ‘‘(2) conduct cooperative research with indus7 try, National Laboratories, institutions of higher 

8 education, and other research institutions to facili9 tate new quantum infrastructure methods and tech10 nologies, including— 

11 ‘‘(A) quantum-limited detectors, ultra-low 

12 loss optical channels, space-to-ground connec13 tions, and classical networking and cybersecu14 rity protocols; 

15 ‘‘(B) entanglement and hyper-entangled 

16 state sources and transmission, control, and 

17 measurement of quantum states; 

18 ‘‘(C) quantum interconnects that allow 

19 short range local connections between quantum 

20 processors; 

21 ‘‘(D) transducers for quantum sources and 

22 signals between optical wavelength regimes, in23 cluding telecommunications regimes and quan24 tum computer-relevant domains, including 

25 microwaves; 


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1 ‘‘(E) development of quantum memory 

2 buffers and small-scale quantum computers 

3 that are compatible with photon-based quantum 

4 bits in the optical or telecommunications wave5 lengths; 

6 ‘‘(F) long-range entanglement distribution, 

7 allowing entanglement-based protocols between 

8 small- and large-scale quantum processors, at 

9 the terrestrial and space-based level using quan10 tum repeaters and optical or laser communica11 tions; 

12 ‘‘(G) quantum routers, multiplexers, re13 peaters, and related technologies necessary to 

14 create secure long-distance quantum commu15 nication; and 

16 ‘‘(H) integration of systems across the 

17 quantum technology stack into traditional com18 puting networks, including the development of 

19 remote controlled, high-performance, and reli20 able implementations of key quantum network 

21 components by leveraging the expertise, infra22 structure and supplemental investments at the 

23 National Laboratories in the Energy Sciences 

24 Network User Facility; 


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1 ‘‘(3) engage with the Quantum Economic De2 velopment Consortium and other organizations, as 

3 applicable, to transition component technologies to 

4 help facilitate as appropriate the development of a 

5 quantum supply chain for quantum network tech6 nologies; 

7 ‘‘(4) advance basic research in advanced sci8 entific computing, particle and nuclear physics, and 

9 material science to enhance the understanding, pre10 diction, and manipulation of materials, processes, 

11 and physical phenomena relevant to quantum net12 work infrastructure; 

13 ‘‘(5) develop experimental tools and testbeds in 

14 collaboration with the Energy Sciences Network 

15 User Facility necessary to support cross-cutting fun16 damental research and development activities with 

17 diverse stakeholders from industry, National Labora18 tories, and institutions of higher education; and 

19 ‘‘(6) consider quantum network infrastructure 

20 applications that span the Department of Energy’s 

21 missions in energy, environment, and national secu22 rity. 

23 ‘‘(c) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out this section, the 

24 Secretary shall leverage resources, infrastructure, and ex25 pertise across the Department of Energy and from— 


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1 ‘‘(1) the National Institute of Standards and 

2 Technology; 

3 ‘‘(2) the National Science Foundation; 

4 ‘‘(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Ad5 ministration; 

6 ‘‘(4) other relevant Federal agencies; 

7 ‘‘(5) the National Laboratories; 

8 ‘‘(6) industry stakeholders; 

9 ‘‘(7) institutions of higher education; and 

10 ‘‘(8) the National Quantum Information 

11 Science Research Centers. 

12 ‘‘(d) RESEARCH PLAN.—Not later than 180 days 

13 after the date of enactment of the Department of Energy 

14 Science for the Future Act of 2022, the Secretary shall 

15 submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech16 nology of the House of Representatives and the Committee 

17 on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a 4-year 

18 research plan that identifies and prioritizes basic research 

19 needs relating to quantum network infrastructure. 

20 ‘‘(e) STANDARD OF REVIEW.—The Secretary shall 

21 review activities carried out under this section to deter22 mine the achievement of technical milestones. 

23 ‘‘(f) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized to be appro24 priated for the Department of Energy’s Office of Science, 

25 there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to 


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1 carry out the activities under this section $100,000,000 

2 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026. 

3 ‘‘SEC. 404. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM USER EX4 PANSION FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 

5 PROGRAM. 

6 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy (re7 ferred to in this section as the ‘Secretary’) shall establish 

8 and carry out a program, to be known as the ‘Quantum 

9 User Expansion for Science and Technology program’ or 

10 ‘QUEST program’, to encourage and facilitate access to 

11 United States quantum computing hardware and quantum 

12 computing clouds for research purposes— 

13 ‘‘(1) to enhance the United States quantum re14 search enterprise; 

15 ‘‘(2) to educate the future quantum computing 

16 workforce; 

17 ‘‘(3) to accelerate the advancement of United 

18 States quantum computing capabilities; and 

19 ‘‘(4) to advance the relevant domestic supply 

20 chains and manufacturing processes of the United 

21 States. 

22 ‘‘(b) PROGRAM.—In carrying out this section, the 

23 Secretary shall— 

24 ‘‘(1) coordinate with— 


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1 ‘‘(A) the Director of the National Science 

2 Foundation; 

3 ‘‘(B) the Director of the National Institute 

4 of Standards and Technology; 

5 ‘‘(C) the Chair of the Subcommittee on 

6 Quantum Information Science of the National 

7 Science and Technology Council established 

8 under section 103(a); and 

9 ‘‘(D) the Chair of the Subcommittee on the 

10 Economic and Security Implications of Quan11 tum Science; 

12 ‘‘(2) provide researchers based within the 

13 United States with access to, and use of, United 

14 States quantum computing resources through a com15 petitive, merit-reviewed process; 

16 ‘‘(3) consider applications from the National 

17 Laboratories, multi-institutional collaborations, insti18 tutions of higher education, industry stakeholders, 

19 and any other entities that the Secretary determines 

20 are appropriate to provide national leadership on 

21 quantum computing related issues; 

22 ‘‘(4) consult and coordinate with private sector 

23 stakeholders, the user community, and interagency 

24 partners on program development and best manage25 ment practices; and 


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1 ‘‘(5) balance user access to commercial proto2 types available for use for a broad class of applica3 tions and Federal research prototypes that enable 

4 benchmarking a wider variety of early-stage devices. 

5 ‘‘(c) LEVERAGING.—In carrying out this section, the 

6 Secretary shall leverage resources and expertise across the 

7 Department of Energy and from— 

8 ‘‘(1) the National Institute of Standards and 

9 Technology; 

10 ‘‘(2) the National Science Foundation; 

11 ‘‘(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Ad12 ministration; 

13 ‘‘(4) other relevant Federal agencies; 

14 ‘‘(5) the National Laboratories; 

15 ‘‘(6) industry stakeholders; 

16 ‘‘(7) institutions of higher education; and 

17 ‘‘(8) the National Quantum Information 

18 Science Research Centers. 

19 ‘‘(d) SECURITY.—In carrying out the activities au20 thorized by this section, the Secretary, in consultation 

21 with the Director of the National Science Foundation and 

22 the Director of the National Institute of Standards and 

23 Technology, shall ensure proper security controls are in 

24 place to protect sensitive information, as appropriate. 


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1 ‘‘(e) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized to be ap2 propriated for the Department of Energy’s Office of 

3 Science, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 

4 Secretary to carry out the activities under this section— 

5 ‘‘(1) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

6 ‘‘(2) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; 

7 ‘‘(3) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 

8 ‘‘(4) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and 

9 ‘‘(5) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.’’. 

10 (B) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of 

11 contents in section 1(b) of the National Quan12 tum Initiative Act (Public Law 115–368; 132 

13 Stat. 5092) is amended by inserting after the 

14 item relating to section 402 the following: 

‘‘Sec. 403. Department of Energy quantum network infrastructure research 

and development program. 

‘‘Sec. 404. Department of Energy quantum user expansion for science and 

technology program.’’. 

15 SEC. 6. FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH. 

16 (a) FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH.—Section 307 of the 

17 Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 

18 U.S.C. 18645) is amended— 

19 (1) in subsection (b)— 

20 (A) in paragraph (2), by redesignating 

21 subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses (i) and 

22 (ii), respectively, and indenting appropriately; 


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1 (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and 

2 (2) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, 

3 and indenting appropriately; 

4 (C) in the matter preceding subparagraph 

5 (A) (as so redesignated), by striking ‘‘As part 

6 of’’ and inserting the following: 

7 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—As part of’’; and 

8 (D) by adding at the end the following: 

9 ‘‘(2) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 

10 Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under 

11 subsection (q), there is authorized to be appro12 priated to the Secretary to carry out activities de13 scribed in paragraph (1) $50,000,000 for each of 

14 fiscal years 2022 through 2026.’’; 

15 (2) in subsection (d)(3)— 

16 (A) by striking ‘‘(o)’’ and inserting ‘‘(q)’’; 

17 (B) by striking ‘‘subsection (d)’’ and in18 serting ‘‘this subsection’’; and 

19 (C) by striking ‘‘2025’’ and inserting 

20 ‘‘2026’’; 

21 (3) in subsection (e)(4)— 

22 (A) by striking ‘‘(o)’’ and inserting ‘‘(q)’’; 

23 (B) by striking ‘‘subsection (e)’’ and in24 serting ‘‘this subsection’’; and 


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1 (C) by striking ‘‘2025’’ and inserting 

2 ‘‘2026’’; 

3 (4) in subsection (i)(10)— 

4 (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph 

5 (A)— 

6 (i) by striking ‘‘(o)’’ and inserting 

7 ‘‘(q)’’; and 

8 (ii) by striking ‘‘subsection (i)’’ and 

9 inserting ‘‘this subsection’’; 

10 (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking 

11 ‘‘and’’ at the end; 

12 (C) in subparagraph (E), by striking the 

13 period at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

14 (D) by adding at the end the following: 

15 ‘‘(F) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.’’; 

16 (5) by redesignating subsection (o) as sub17 section (q); 

18 (6) by inserting after subsection (n) the fol19 lowing: 

20 ‘‘(o) MATERIAL PLASMA EXPOSURE EXPERIMENT.— 

21 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall con22 struct a Material Plasma Exposure Experiment fa23 cility as described in the 2020 publication approved 

24 by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee 

25 entitled ‘Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas’. 


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1 The Secretary shall consult with the private sector, 

2 institutions of higher education, National Labora3 tories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that 

4 the facility is capable of meeting Federal research 

5 needs for steady state, high-heat-flux, and plasma6 material interaction testing of fusion materials over 

7 a range of fusion energy relevant parameters. 

8 ‘‘(2) FACILITY CAPABILITIES.—The Secretary 

9 shall ensure that the facility described in paragraph 

10 (1) will provide the following capabilities: 

11 ‘‘(A) A magnetic field at the target of 1 

12 Tesla. 

13 ‘‘(B) An energy flux at the target of 10 

MW/m2 14 . 

15 ‘‘(C) The ability to expose previously irra16 diated plasma facing material samples to plas17 ma. 

18 ‘‘(3) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 

19 shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, 

20 ensure that the start of full operations of the facility 

21 described in paragraph (1) occurs before December 

22 31, 2027. 

23 ‘‘(4) FUNDING.—Of the funds authorized to be 

24 appropriated for Fusion Energy Sciences, there are 

25 authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for 


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1 the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences to complete 

2 construction of the facility described in paragraph 

3 (1)— 

4 ‘‘(A) $32,800,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

5 ‘‘(B) $13,400,000 for fiscal year 2023; 

6 ‘‘(C) $12,600,000 for fiscal year 2024; and 

7 ‘‘(D) $400,000 for fiscal year 2025. 

8 ‘‘(p) MATTER IN EXTREME CONDITIONS INSTRU9 MENT UPGRADE.— 

10 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall provide 

11 for the upgrade to the Matter in Extreme Conditions 

12 endstation at the Linac Coherent Light Source as 

13 described in the 2020 publication approved by the 

14 Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee entitled 

15 ‘Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas’. The 

16 Secretary shall consult with the private sector, insti17 tutions of higher education, National Laboratories, 

18 and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that this fa19 cility is capable of meeting Federal research needs 

20 for understanding physical and chemical changes to 

21 plasmas at fundamental timescales, and explore new 

22 regimes of dense material physics, astrophysics, 

23 planetary physics, and short-pulse laser-plasma 

24 interactions. 


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1 ‘‘(2) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Secretary 

2 shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, 

3 ensure that the start of full operations of the facility 

4 described in paragraph (1) occurs before December 

5 31, 2028.’’; and 

6 (7) in subsection (q) (as so redesignated)— 

7 (A) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘and’’ at 

8 the end; 

9 (B) in paragraph (5), by striking the pe10 riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

11 (C) by adding at the end the following: 

12 ‘‘(6) $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.’’. 

13 (b) ITER CONSTRUCTION.—Section 972(c)(3) of the 

14 Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16312(c)(3)) is 

15 amended— 

16 (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘and’’ at 

17 the end; 

18 (2) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period 

19 at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

20 (3) by adding at the end the following: 

21 ‘‘(C) $281,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.’’. 

22 SEC. 7. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS PROGRAM. 

23 (a) PROGRAM.—Section 305 of the Department of 

24 Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18643) 

25 is amended— 


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1 (1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) 

2 as subsections (d) through (f), respectively; and 

3 (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the fol4 lowing: 

5 ‘‘(b) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized 

6 under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organiza7 tion Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out 

8 a research program in elementary particle physics and ad9 vanced technology research and development to improve 

10 the understanding of the fundamental properties of the 

11 universe, including constituents of matter and energy and 

12 the nature of space and time. 

13 ‘‘(c) HIGH ENERGY FRONTIER RESEARCH.—As part 

14 of the program described in subsection (b), the Director 

15 shall carry out research using high energy accelerators 

16 and advanced detectors, including accelerators and detec17 tors that will function as national user facilities, to create 

18 and study interactions of elementary particles and inves19 tigate fundamental forces.’’. 

20 (b) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION.—Section 305 

21 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act 

22 (42 U.S.C. 18643) is amended by striking subsection (d) 

23 (as redesignated by subsection (a)(1)) and inserting the 

24 following: 


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1 ‘‘(d) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION.—The Direc2 tor shall— 

3 ‘‘(1) as practicable and in coordination with 

4 other appropriate Federal agencies as necessary, en5 sure the access of United States researchers to the 

6 most advanced accelerator facilities and research ca7 pabilities in the world, including the Large Hadron 

8 Collider; 

9 ‘‘(2) to the maximum extent practicable, con10 tinue to leverage United States participation in the 

11 Large Hadron Collider, and prioritize expanding 

12 international partnerships and investments in the 

13 Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility and Deep Under14 ground Neutrino Experiment; and 

15 ‘‘(3) to the maximum extent practicable, 

16 prioritize engagement in collaborative efforts in sup17 port of future international facilities that would pro18 vide access to the most advanced accelerator facili19 ties in the world to United States researchers.’’. 

20 (c) COSMIC FRONTIER RESEARCH.—Section 305 of 

21 the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act 

22 (42 U.S.C. 18645) is amended by striking subsection (f) 

23 (as redesignated by subsection (a)(1)) and inserting the 

24 following: 


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1 ‘‘(f) COSMIC FRONTIER RESEARCH.—The Director 

2 shall carry out research activities on the nature of the pri3 mary contents of the universe, including the nature of 

4 dark energy and dark matter. These activities shall, to the 

5 maximum extent practicable, be consistent with the re6 search priorities identified by the High Energy Physics 

7 Advisory Panel or the National Academy of Sciences, and 

8 may include— 

9 ‘‘(1) collaborations with the National Aero10 nautics and Space Administration, the National 

11 Science Foundation, or international partners on rel12 evant projects; and 

13 ‘‘(2) the development of space-based, land14 based, water-based, and underground facilities and 

15 experiments.’’. 

16 (d) FURTHER ACTIVITIES.—Section 305 of the De17 partment of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 

18 U.S.C. 18645) (as amended by subsection (c)), is amended 

19 by adding at the end the following: 

20 ‘‘(g) FACILITY CONSTRUCTION AND MAJOR ITEMS

21 OF EQUIPMENT.— 

22 ‘‘(1) PROJECTS.—Consistent with the Office of 

23 Science’s project management practices, the Director 

24 shall, to the maximum extent practicable, by incor25 porating the findings and recommendations of the 


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1 2014 Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel 

2 (P5) report entitled ‘Building for Discovery’, sup3 port construction or fabrication of— 

4 ‘‘(A) an international Long-Baseline Neu5 trino Facility based in the United States; 

6 ‘‘(B) the Proton Improvement Plan II; 

7 ‘‘(C) Second Generation Dark Matter ex8 periments; 

9 ‘‘(D) the Legacy Survey of Space and 

10 Time camera; 

11 ‘‘(E) upgrades to detectors and other com12 ponents of the Large Hadron Collider; 

13 ‘‘(F) the Cosmic Microwave Background 

14 Stage 4 project; and 

15 ‘‘(G) other high priority projects rec16 ommended in the most recent report of the Par17 ticle Physics Project Prioritization Panel of the 

18 High Energy Physics Advisory Panel. 

19 ‘‘(2) LONG-BASELINE NEUTRINO FACILITY.— 

20 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

21 support construction of a Long-Baseline Neu22 trino Facility to facilitate the international 

23 Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment to ex24 amine the fundamental properties of neutrinos, 

25 explore physics beyond the Standard Model, 


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1 and better clarify the existence and nature of 

2 antimatter. 

3 ‘‘(B) FACILITY CAPABILITIES.—The Sec4 retary shall ensure that the facility described in 

5 subparagraph (A) will provide, at a minimum, 

6 the following capabilities: 

7 ‘‘(i) A neutrino beam with wideband 

8 capability of 1.2 megawatts of beam power 

9 and upgradable to 2.4 megawatts of beam 

10 power. 

11 ‘‘(ii) 3 caverns excavated for a 70 kil12 oton fiducial detector mass and supporting 

13 surface buildings and utilities. 

14 ‘‘(iii) Cryogenic systems to support 

15 neutrino detectors. 

16 ‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec17 retary shall, subject to the availability of appro18 priations, ensure that the start of full oper19 ations of the facility described in subparagraph 

20 (A) occurs before December 31, 2031. 

21 ‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

22 to be appropriated under subsection (k), there 

23 are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec24 retary to carry out construction of the project 

25 described in subparagraph (A)— 


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1 ‘‘(i) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 

2 2022; 

3 ‘‘(ii) $325,000,000 for fiscal year 

4 2023; 

5 ‘‘(iii) $400,000,000 for fiscal year 

6 2024; 

7 ‘‘(iv) $375,000,000 for fiscal year 

8 2025; and 

9 ‘‘(v) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 

10 2026. 

11 ‘‘(3) PROTON IMPROVEMENT PLAN II ACCEL12 ERATOR UPGRADE PROJECT.— 

13 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

14 support construction of the Proton Improve15 ment Plan II, an upgrade to the Fermilab ac16 celerator complex identified in the 2014 Particle 

17 Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5) report 

18 entitled ‘Building for Discovery’, to provide the 

19 world’s most intense beam of neutrinos to the 

20 international Long Baseline Neutrino Facility 

21 and to carry out a broad range of future high 

22 energy physics experiments. The Secretary shall 

23 work with international partners to enable fur24 ther significant contributions to the capabilities 

25 of that project. 


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1 ‘‘(B) FACILITY CAPABILITIES.—The Sec2 retary shall ensure that the facility described in 

3 subparagraph (A) will provide, at a minimum, 

4 the following capabilities: 

5 ‘‘(i) A state-of-the-art 800 

6 megaelectron volt superconducting linear 

7 accelerator. 

8 ‘‘(ii) Proton beam power of 1.2 

9 megawatts at the start of LBNF/DUNE, 

10 upgradeable to 2.4 megawatts of beam 

11 power. 

12 ‘‘(iii) A flexible design to enable high 

13 power beam delivery to multiple users si14 multaneously and customized beams tai15 lored to specific scientific needs. 

16 ‘‘(iv) Sustained high reliability oper17 ation of the Fermilab accelerator complex. 

18 ‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec19 retary shall, subject to the availability of appro20 priations, ensure that the start of full oper21 ations of the facility described in subparagraph 

22 (A) occurs before December 31, 2028. 

23 ‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

24 to be appropriated under subsection (k), there 

25 are authorized to be appropriated to the SecVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:19 Feb 25, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00101 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3699.IS S3699

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1 retary to carry out construction of the facility 

2 described in subparagraph (A)— 

3 ‘‘(i) $191,000,000 for fiscal year 

4 2022; 

5 ‘‘(ii) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 

6 2023; 

7 ‘‘(iii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 

8 2024; 

9 ‘‘(iv) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 

10 2025; and 

11 ‘‘(v) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 

12 2026. 

13 ‘‘(4) COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND STAGE

14 4.— 

15 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in 

16 partnership with the Director of the National 

17 Science Foundation, shall support construction 

18 of the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 

19 project to survey the cosmic microwave back20 ground to test theories of cosmic inflation as 

21 described in the 2014 Particle Physics 

22 Prioritization Panel (P5) report entitled ‘Build23 ing for Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Par24 ticle Physics in the Global Context.’. 


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1 ‘‘(B) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary 

2 shall consult with the private sector, institutions 

3 of higher education, National Laboratories, and 

4 relevant Federal agencies to ensure that the 

5 project described in subparagraph (A) is capa6 ble of meeting Federal research needs in access7 ing the ultra-high energy physics of inflation 

8 and important neutrino properties. 

9 ‘‘(C) EXPERIMENTAL CAPABILITIES.—The 

10 Secretary shall ensure to the maximum extent 

11 practicable that the facility described in sub12 paragraph (A) will provide, at a minimum, 

13 500,000 superconducting detectors deployed on 

14 an array of millimeter-wave telescopes with the 

15 required range in frequency, sensitivity, and 

16 survey speed that will provide sufficient capa17 bility to enable an order of magnitude advance 

18 in observations of the Cosmic Microwave Back19 ground, delivering transformative discoveries in 

20 fundamental physics, cosmology, and astro21 physics. 

22 ‘‘(D) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec23 retary shall, subject to the availability of appro24 priations, ensure that the start of full operVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:19 Feb 25, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00103 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3699.IS S3699

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1 ations of the facility described in subparagraph 

2 (A) occurs before December 31, 2030. 

3 ‘‘(E) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

4 to be appropriated under subsection (k), there 

5 are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec6 retary to carry out construction of the facility 

7 described in subparagraph (A)— 

8 ‘‘(i) $37,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

9 ‘‘(ii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; 

10 ‘‘(iii) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 

11 2024; 

12 ‘‘(iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 

13 2025; and 

14 ‘‘(v) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. 

15 ‘‘(h) ACCELERATOR AND DETECTOR UPGRADES.— 

16 The Director shall upgrade accelerator facilities and detec17 tors, as necessary and appropriate, to increase beam 

18 power, sustain high reliability, and improve precision 

19 measurement to advance the highest priority particle phys20 ics research programs. In carrying out facility upgrades, 

21 the Director shall continue to work with international 

22 partners, when appropriate and in the United States inter23 est, to leverage investments and expertise in critical tech24 nologies to help build and upgrade accelerator and detec25 tor facilities in the United States. 


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1 ‘‘(i) ACCELERATOR AND DETECTOR RESEARCH AND

2 DEVELOPMENT.—As part of the program described in 

3 subsection (b), the Director shall carry out research and 

4 development in particle beam physics, accelerator science 

5 and technology, and particle and radiation detection with 

6 relevance to the specific needs of the High Energy Physics 

7 program, in coordination with the Accelerator Research 

8 and Development program authorized under section 310. 

9 ‘‘(j) UNDERGROUND SCIENCE.—The Director shall— 

10 ‘‘(1) support an underground science program 

11 consistent with the missions of the Department and 

12 the scientific needs of the High Energy Physics pro13 gram, including those articulated in the most recent 

14 report of the Particle Physics Project Prioritization 

15 Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel, 

16 that leverages the capabilities of relevant under17 ground science and engineering facilities; 

18 ‘‘(2) carry out a competitive grant program to 

19 award scientists and engineers at institutions of 

20 higher education, nonprofit institutions, and Na21 tional Laboratories to conduct research in under22 ground science and engineering; and 

23 ‘‘(3) submit to the Committee on Energy and 

24 Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee 

25 on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 


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1 Representatives a report on the inventory of under2 ground mines in the United States that may be suit3 able for future development of underground science 

4 and engineering facilities. 

5 ‘‘(k) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of 

6 funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of 

7 Science in a fiscal year, there are authorized to be appro8 priated to the Secretary to carry out the activities de9 scribed in this section— 

10 ‘‘(1) $1,355,690,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

11 ‘‘(2) $1,517,628,300 for fiscal year 2023; 

12 ‘‘(3) $1,652,112,281 for fiscal year 2024; 

13 ‘‘(4) $1,711,460,141 for fiscal year 2025; and 

14 ‘‘(5) $1,656,012,351 for fiscal year 2026.’’. 

15 SEC. 8. NUCLEAR PHYSICS PROGRAM. 

16 Section 308 of the Department of Energy Research 

17 and Innovation Act (Public Law 115–246; 132 Stat. 

18 3150) is amended to read as follows: 

19 ‘‘SEC. 308. NUCLEAR PHYSICS. 

20 ‘‘(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized 

21 under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organiza22 tion Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out 

23 a research program, and support relevant facilities, to dis24 cover and understand various forms of nuclear matter. 

25 ‘‘(b) USER FACILITIES.— 


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1 ‘‘(1) FACILITY FOR RARE ISOTOPE BEAMS.— 

2 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

3 support construction of a Facility for Rare Iso4 tope Beams to advance the understanding of 

5 rare nuclear isotopes and the evolution of the 

6 cosmos. 

7 ‘‘(B) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

8 to be appropriated under subsection (c), there 

9 is authorized to be appropriated to the Sec10 retary to carry out construction of the facility 

11 under this paragraph $2,000,000 for fiscal year 

12 2022. 

13 ‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec14 retary shall, subject to the availability of appro15 priations, ensure that the start of full oper16 ations of the facility under this paragraph oc17 curs before March 1, 2022. 

18 ‘‘(2) ELECTRON-ION COLLIDER.— 

19 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall 

20 support construction of an Electron Ion Collider 

21 as described in the 2015 Long Range Plan of 

22 the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee and 

23 the report from the National Academies of 

24 Science, Engineering, and Medicine entitled ‘An 

25 Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider 


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1 Science’, in order to measure the internal struc2 ture of the proton and the nucleus and answer 

3 fundamental questions about the nature of visi4 ble matter. 

5 ‘‘(B) FACILITY CAPABILITY.—The Sec6 retary shall ensure that the facility described in 

7 subparagraph (A) meets the requirements in 

8 the 2015 Long Range Plan described in that 

9 subparagraph, including— 

10 ‘‘(i) at least 70 percent polarized 

11 beams of electrons and light ions; 

12 ‘‘(ii) ion beams from deuterium to the 

13 heaviest stable nuclei; 

14 ‘‘(iii) variable center of mass energy 

15 from 20 to 140 GeV; 

16 ‘‘(iv) high collision luminosity of 

1033–34cm¥2s¥1 17 ; and 

18 ‘‘(v) the possibility of more than 1 

19 interaction region. 

20 ‘‘(C) START OF OPERATIONS.—The Sec21 retary shall, subject to the availability of appro22 priations, ensure that the start of full oper23 ations of the facility under this paragraph oc24 curs before December 31, 2030. 


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1 ‘‘(D) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized 

2 to be appropriated under subsection (c), there 

3 are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec4 retary to carry out construction of the facility 

5 under this paragraph— 

6 ‘‘(i) $101,000,000 for fiscal year 

7 2022; 

8 ‘‘(ii) $155,000,000 for fiscal year 

9 2023; 

10 ‘‘(iii) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 

11 2024; 

12 ‘‘(iv) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 

13 2025; and 

14 ‘‘(v) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 

15 2026. 

16 ‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of 

17 funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of 

18 Science in a fiscal year, there are authorized to be appro19 priated to the Secretary to carry out the activities de20 scribed in this section— 

21 ‘‘(1) $780,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

22 ‘‘(2) $879,390,000 for fiscal year 2023; 

23 ‘‘(3) $1,025,097,300 for fiscal year 2024; 

24 ‘‘(4) $1,129,354,111 for fiscal year 2025; and 

25 ‘‘(5) $1,192,408,899 for fiscal year 2026.’’. 


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1 SEC. 9. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PRO2 GRAM. 

3 Section 309 of the Department of Energy Research 

4 and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18647) is amended by add5 ing at the end the following: 

6 ‘‘(c) APPROACH.—In carrying out the program under 

7 subsection (a), the Director shall use all available ap8 proaches and mechanisms, as the Secretary determines to 

9 be appropriate, including— 

10 ‘‘(1) capital line items; 

11 ‘‘(2) minor construction projects; 

12 ‘‘(3) energy savings performance contracts; 

13 ‘‘(4) utility energy service contracts; 

14 ‘‘(5) alternative financing; and 

15 ‘‘(6) expense funding. 

16 ‘‘(d) RESTORATION AND MODERNIZATION

17 PROJECTS.— 

18 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall fund 

19 projects described in paragraph (2) as needed to ad20 dress the deferred maintenance, critical infrastruc21 ture needs, and modernization of Office of Science 

22 National Laboratories. 

23 ‘‘(2) PROJECTS DESCRIBED.—The projects re24 ferred to in paragraph (1) are, as determined by the 

25 Secretary— 


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1 ‘‘(A) priority deferred maintenance 

2 projects at Office of Science National Labora3 tories, including facilities sustainment for, up4 grade of, and construction of research labora5 tories, administrative and support buildings, 

6 utilities, roads, power plants, and any other 

7 critical infrastructure; and 

8 ‘‘(B) lab modernization projects at Office 

9 of Science National Laboratories, including 

10 projects relating to core infrastructure need11 ed— 

12 ‘‘(i) to support existing and emerging 

13 science missions with new and specialized 

14 requirements for world-leading scientific 

15 user facilities and computing capabilities; 

16 and 

17 ‘‘(ii) to maintain safe, efficient, reli18 able, and environmentally responsible oper19 ations, including pilot projects to dem20 onstrate net zero emissions with resilient 

21 operations. 

22 ‘‘(e) SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—For each fiscal 

23 year through fiscal year 2026, at the same time as the 

24 annual budget submission of the President, the Secretary 

25 shall submit to the Committee on Appropriations and the 


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1 Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Sen2 ate and the Committee on Appropriations and the Com3 mittee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House 

4 of Representatives a list of projects for which the Sec5 retary will provide funding under this section, including 

6 a description of each project and the funding profile for 

7 the project. 

8 ‘‘(f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of 

9 funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of 

10 Science in a fiscal year, there is authorized to be appro11 priated to the Secretary to carry out the activities de12 scribed in this section $600,000,000 for each of fiscal 

13 years 2022 through 2026.’’. 

14 SEC. 10. ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 

15 The Department of Energy Research and Innovation 

16 Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding at 

17 the end the following: 

18 ‘‘SEC. 310. ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 

19 ‘‘(a) PROGRAM.—As part of the activities authorized 

20 under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organiza21 tion Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out 

22 a research program— 

23 ‘‘(1) to advance accelerator science and tech24 nology relevant to the Department, other Federal 

25 agencies, and United States industry; 


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1 ‘‘(2) to foster partnerships to develop, dem2 onstrate, and enable the commercial application of 

3 accelerator technologies; 

4 ‘‘(3) to support the development of a skilled, di5 verse, and inclusive accelerator workforce; and 

6 ‘‘(4) to provide access to accelerator design and 

7 engineering resources. 

8 ‘‘(b) ACCELERATOR RESEARCH.—In carrying out the 

9 program authorized under subsection (a), the Director 

10 shall support— 

11 ‘‘(1) research activities in cross-cutting accel12 erator technologies including superconducting 

13 magnets and accelerators, beam physics, data ana14 lytics-based accelerator controls, simulation software, 

15 new particle sources, advanced laser technology, and 

16 transformative research; and 

17 ‘‘(2) optimal operation of the Accelerator Test 

18 Facility. 

19 ‘‘(c) ACCELERATOR DEVELOPMENT.—In carrying out 

20 the program authorized under subsection (a), the Director 

21 shall support partnerships to foster the development, dem22 onstration, and commercial application of accelerator tech23 nologies, including advanced superconducting wire and 

24 cable, superconducting RF cavities, and high efficiency ra25 diofrequency power sources for accelerators. 


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1 ‘‘(d) RESEARCH COLLABORATIONS.—In developing 

2 accelerator technologies under the program authorized 

3 under subsection (a), the Director shall— 

4 ‘‘(1) consider the requirements necessary to 

5 support translational research and development for 

6 medical, industrial, security, and defense applica7 tions; and 

8 ‘‘(2) leverage investments in accelerator tech9 nologies and fundamental research in particle phys10 ics by partnering with institutions of higher edu11 cation, industry, and other Federal agencies to en12 able the commercial application of advanced accel13 erator technologies. 

14 ‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of 

15 funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of 

16 Science in a fiscal year, there are authorized to be appro17 priated to the Secretary to carry out the activities de18 scribed in this section— 

19 ‘‘(1) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

20 ‘‘(2) $25,680,000 for fiscal year 2023; 

21 ‘‘(3) $27,477,600 for fiscal year 2024; 

22 ‘‘(4) $29,401,032 for fiscal year 2025; and 

23 ‘‘(5) $31,459,104 for fiscal year 2026.’’. 


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1 SEC. 11. ISOTOPE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRO2 DUCTION. 

3 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Department of Energy Re4 search and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is 

5 amended by adding after section 310 (as added by section 

6 10) the following: 

7 ‘‘SEC. 311. ISOTOPE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRO8 DUCTION. 

9 ‘‘(a) DEFINITION OF CRITICAL RADIOACTIVE AND

10 STABLE ISOTOPE.— 

11 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In this section, the term 

12 ‘critical radioactive and stable isotope’ means a ra13 dioactive and stable isotope— 

14 ‘‘(A) the domestic commercial production 

15 of which is unavailable or inadequate to satisfy 

16 the demand of research, medical, industrial, or 

17 related industries in the United States; and 

18 ‘‘(B) the supply of which is augmented 

19 through— 

20 ‘‘(i) Department production; or 

21 ‘‘(ii) foreign suppliers. 

22 ‘‘(2) EXCLUSION.—In this section, the term 

23 ‘critical radioactive and stable isotope’ does not in24 clude the medical isotope molybdenum-99, the pro25 duction and supply of which is addressed in the 

26 American Medical Isotopes Production Act of 2012 


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1 (Public Law 112–239; 126 Stat. 2211) (including 

2 the amendments made by that Act). 

3 ‘‘(b) PROGRAM.—The Director shall— 

4 ‘‘(1) carry out, in coordination with other rel5 evant programs across the Department, a pro6 gram— 

7 ‘‘(A) for the production of critical radio8 active and stable isotopes, including the devel9 opment of techniques to produce isotopes, that 

10 the Secretary determines are needed and of suf11 ficient quality for research, medical, industrial, 

12 or related purposes; 

13 ‘‘(B) for the production of critical radio14 active and stable isotopes that are in short sup15 ply, including byproducts, surplus materials, 

16 and related isotope services; 

17 ‘‘(C) to maintain and enhance the infra18 structure required to produce and supply crit19 ical radioactive and stable isotope products and 

20 related services; 

21 ‘‘(D) to conduct research and development 

22 on new and improved isotope production and 

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1 search and application while assisting in work2 force development; 

3 ‘‘(E) to reduce domestic dependency on the 

4 foreign supply of critical radioactive and stable 

5 isotopes to ensure national preparedness; and 

6 ‘‘(F)(i) to the maximum extent practicable, 

7 in accordance with— 

8 ‘‘(I) evidence-based reports, including 

9 the 2015 report of the Nuclear Science Ad10 visory Committee entitled ‘Meeting Isotope 

11 Needs and Capturing Opportunities for the 

12 Future’; and 

13 ‘‘(II) assessments of isotope supply 

14 chains, including current and future as15 sessments; or 

16 ‘‘(ii) as the Director otherwise determines 

17 necessary to ensure the availability of sufficient 

18 quantities of critical radioactive and stable iso19 topes to address existing and future needs; 

20 ‘‘(2) ensure that isotope production activities 

21 carried out under this subsection are consistent with 

22 the statement of policy entitled ‘Policies and Proce23 dures for Transfer of Commercial Radioisotope Pro24 duction and Distribution to Private Industry’ (30 

25 Fed. Reg. 3247 (March 9, 1965)); 


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1 ‘‘(3) assess the domestic requirements of cur2 rent and emerging critical radioactive and stable iso3 topes and associated applications to identify areas 

4 that may require Federal investment for the develop5 ment of domestic production capacity for those iso6 topes, including through public-private partnerships, 

7 as appropriate; 

8 ‘‘(4) ensure that isotope production activities 

9 are consistent with the needs of associated end10 users, are of the quality needed by the end-users, 

11 and appropriately address the growing need for 

12 novel isotopes; 

13 ‘‘(5) ensure that actions taken by the Depart14 ment do not interfere with, delay, or otherwise ad15 versely affect efforts by the private sector to make 

16 available or otherwise facilitate the supply of critical 

17 radioactive and stable isotopes, including efforts 

18 under existing agreements between the Department 

19 or contractors of the Department and the private 

20 sector; and 

21 ‘‘(6) in coordination with the Assistant Sec22 retary for Nuclear Energy, assess options for dem23 onstrating the production of critical radioactive and 

24 stable isotopes in commercial nuclear reactors. 

25 ‘‘(c) ADVISORY COMMITTEE.— 


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1 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days 

2 after the date of enactment of this section, the Sec3 retary shall establish an advisory committee (re4 ferred to in this subsection as the ‘committee’) in 

5 alignment with the Isotope Program of the Depart6 ment— 

7 ‘‘(A) to carry out the activities previously 

8 executed as part of the Isotope Subcommittee 

9 of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee; 

10 and 

11 ‘‘(B) to provide expert advice and assist12 ance to the Director in carrying out subsection 

13 (a). 

14 ‘‘(2) REPORT.— 

15 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year 

16 after the committee is established, the com17 mittee shall— 

18 ‘‘(i) update the 2015 Nuclear Science 

19 Advisory Committee Isotope Committee 

20 Report entitled ‘Meeting Isotope Needs 

21 and Capturing Opportunities for the Fu22 ture’; and 

23 ‘‘(ii) periodically update that report 

24 thereafter as needed. 


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1 ‘‘(B) INCLUSIONS.—An updated report 

2 under subparagraph (A) shall include an assess3 ment of— 

4 ‘‘(i) current demand in the United 

5 States for critical radioactive and stable 

6 isotopes; 

7 ‘‘(ii) the impact of continued reliance 

8 on foreign supply of critical radioactive 

9 and stable isotopes; 

10 ‘‘(iii) proposed mitigation strategies, 

11 including increasing domestic production 

12 sources for critical radioactive and stable 

13 isotopes, that— 

14 ‘‘(I) are not commercially avail15 able; or 

16 ‘‘(II) are commercially produced 

17 in quantities that are not sufficient— 

18 ‘‘(aa) to satisfy domestic de19 mand; and 

20 ‘‘(bb) to minimize produc21 tion constraints and supply dis22 ruptions to the United States 

23 healthcare and industrial isotope 

24 industries; 


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1 ‘‘(iv) current facilities, including up2 grades to those facilities, and new facilities 

3 needed to meet domestic critical isotope 

4 needs; and 

5 ‘‘(v) workforce development needs. 

6 ‘‘(3) NONDUPLICATION.—The committee shall 

7 work in alignment with, and shall not duplicate the 

8 efforts of, preexisting advisory committees that are 

9 advising the Isotope Program of the Department. 

10 ‘‘(4) FACA.—The committee shall be subject to 

11 the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. 

12 App.). 

13 ‘‘(d) REPORT.— 

14 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than the end of 

15 the first fiscal year beginning after the date of en16 actment of this section, and biennially thereafter, 

17 the Secretary shall submit to the Committees on En18 ergy and Natural Resources and Environment and 

19 Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on 

20 Energy and Commerce of the House of Representa21 tives a report describing the progress made under 

22 the program established under subsection (a) during 

23 the preceding 2 fiscal years. 

24 ‘‘(2) INCLUSIONS.—Each report under para25 graph (1) shall include— 


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1 ‘‘(A) an updated assessment of any critical 

2 radioactive and stable isotope shortages in the 

3 United States; 

4 ‘‘(B) a description of— 

5 ‘‘(i) any disruptions in the inter6 national supply of critical radioactive and 

7 stable isotopes during the preceding 2 fis8 cal years; and 

9 ‘‘(ii) the impact of those disruptions 

10 on related activities; and 

11 ‘‘(C)(i) a projection of anticipated disrup12 tions in the international supply, or supply con13 straints, of critical radioactive and stable iso14 topes during the next 2 fiscal years; and 

15 ‘‘(ii) the anticipated impact of those dis16 ruptions or constraints, as applicable, on re17 lated domestic activities. 

18 ‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of 

19 funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of 

20 Science in a fiscal year, there are authorized to be appro21 priated to the Secretary to carry out this section— 

22 ‘‘(1) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

23 ‘‘(2) $96,300,000 for fiscal year 2023; 

24 ‘‘(3) $103,041,000 for fiscal year 2024; 

25 ‘‘(4) $110,253,870 for fiscal year 2025; and 


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1 ‘‘(5) $117,971,641 for fiscal year 2026.’’. 

2 (b) DEMONSTRATION OF ISOTOPE PRODUCTION.— 

3 Section 952(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 

4 U.S.C. 16272(a)) is amended— 

5 (1) by redesignating paragraph (2) as para6 graph (4) and moving the paragraph so as to appear 

7 after paragraph (3); and 

8 (2) by inserting after paragraph (1) the fol9 lowing: 

10 ‘‘(2) ISOTOPE DEMONSTRATION SUBPRO11 GRAM.— 

12 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, acting 

13 through the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear 

14 Energy, shall establish a subprogram of the 

15 program established under paragraph (1), to be 

16 known as the ‘isotope demonstration subpro17 gram’, to support the development and commer18 cial demonstration of critical radioactive and 

19 stable isotope production in existing commercial 

20 nuclear power plants. 

21 ‘‘(B) CONSULTATION.—In considering op22 tions for demonstrating the production of crit23 ical radioactive and stable isotopes in commer24 cial nuclear reactors under the subprogram es25 tablished under subparagraph (A), the SecVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:19 Feb 25, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00123 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3699.IS S3699

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1 retary, acting through the Assistant Secretary 

2 for Nuclear Energy, shall consult with the Di3 rector of the Office of Science. 

4 ‘‘(C) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIA5 TIONS.—In addition to any amounts made 

6 available to the Secretary under paragraph (4), 

7 there are authorized to be appropriated to the 

8 Secretary for each fiscal year described in that 

9 paragraph such sums as are necessary to carry 

10 out not more than 3 demonstration projects 

11 under the subprogram established under sub12 paragraph (A).’’. 

13 (c) RADIOISOTOPE PROCESSING FACILITY.— 

14 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy 

15 (referred to in this subsection as ‘‘the Secretary’’) 

16 shall construct a radioisotope processing facility to 

17 provide for the growing radiochemical processing ca18 pability needs associated with the production of crit19 ical radioactive isotopes authorized under section 

20 311 of the Department of Energy Research and In21 novation Act. 

22 (2) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be 

23 appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal 

24 year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 


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1 Secretary to carry out this subsection $375,000,000 

2 for the period of fiscal years 2022 through 2026. 

3 (d) STABLE ISOTOPE PRODUCTION AND RESEARCH

4 CENTER.— 

5 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Energy 

6 (referred to in this subsection as ‘‘the Secretary’’) 

7 shall establish a stable isotope production and re8 search center— 

9 (A) to expand the ability of the United 

10 States to perform multiple stable isotope pro11 duction campaigns at large-scale production, as 

12 authorized under section 311 of the Depart13 ment of Energy Research and Innovation Act; 

14 (B) to mitigate the dependence of the 

15 United States on foreign-produced stable iso16 topes; and 

17 (C) to promote economic resilience. 

18 (2) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be 

19 appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal 

20 year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 

21 Secretary to carry out this subsection $250,000,000 

22 for the period of fiscal years 2022 through 2026. 


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1 SEC. 12. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS 

2 AND SCIENTISTS. 

3 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Department of Energy Re4 search and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is 

5 amended by adding after section 311 (as added by section 

6 11), the following: 

7 ‘‘SEC. 312. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS 

8 AND SCIENTISTS. 

9 ‘‘The Director shall support the development of a sci10 entific workforce through programs that facilitate collabo11 ration between and among teachers at elementary schools 

12 and secondary schools, students at institutions of higher 

13 education, early-career researchers, faculty at institutions 

14 of higher education, and the National Laboratories, in15 cluding through the use of proven techniques to expand 

16 the number of individuals from underrepresented groups 

17 pursuing and attaining skills or undergraduate and grad18 uate degrees relevant to the mission of the Office of 

19 Science.’’. 

20 (b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 

21 3169 of the Department of Energy Science Education En22 hancement Act (42 U.S.C. 7381e) is amended by striking 

23 ‘‘fiscal year 1991’’ and inserting ‘‘each of fiscal years 

24 2022 through 2026’’. 

25 (c) BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN WORKFORCE

26 DEVELOPMENT FOR TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.— 


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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Department of Energy 

2 Science Education Enhancement Act is amended by 

3 inserting after section 3167 (42 U.S.C. 7381c–1) 

4 the following: 

5 ‘‘SEC. 3167A. BROADENING PARTICIPATION FOR TEACHERS 

6 AND SCIENTISTS. 

7 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall— 

8 ‘‘(1) expand opportunities to increase the num9 ber of highly skilled science, technology, engineering, 

10 and mathematics (STEM) professionals working in 

11 disciplines relevant to the mission of the Depart12 ment; and 

13 ‘‘(2) broaden the recruitment pool to increase 

14 participation from Historically Black Colleges or 

15 Universities (as defined in section 3167B(f)), His16 panic-serving institutions (as defined in that sec17 tion), Tribal Colleges or Universities (as defined in 

18 that section), minority-serving institutions (as de19 fined in that section), institutions in eligible jurisdic20 tions (as defined in that section), emerging research 

21 institutions, community colleges, and scientific soci22 eties in those disciplines. 

23 ‘‘(b) PLAN.—Not later than 1 year after the date of 

24 enactment of the Department of Energy Science for the 

25 Future Act of 2022, the Secretary shall submit to the 


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1 Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the 

2 House of Representatives and the Committees on Energy 

3 and Natural Resources and Commerce, Science, and 

4 Transportation of the Senate and make available to the 

5 public a plan for broadening participation of underrep6 resented groups in science, technology, engineering, and 

7 mathematics in programs supported by the Department, 

8 including— 

9 ‘‘(1) a plan for supporting relevant Federal re10 search award grantees and leveraging partnerships, 

11 including partnerships maintained by other Federal 

12 research agencies; 

13 ‘‘(2) metrics for assessing the participation of 

14 underrepresented groups in programs supported by 

15 the Department; 

16 ‘‘(3) experienced and potential barriers to 

17 broadening participation of underrepresented groups 

18 in programs supported by the Department, including 

19 recommended solutions; and 

20 ‘‘(4) any other activities the Secretary deter21 mines appropriate. 

22 ‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Of the 

23 amounts authorized to be appropriated under section 

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1 priated each fiscal year for the activities described in this 

2 section. 

3 ‘‘SEC. 3167B. EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES FOR HIGHLY 

4 SKILLED SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEER5 ING, AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) PROFES6 SIONALS. 

7 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall— 

8 ‘‘(1) expand opportunities for highly skilled 

9 science, technology, engineering, and mathematics 

10 (STEM) professionals working in disciplines relevant 

11 to the mission of the Department; and 

12 ‘‘(2) broaden the recruitment pool to increase 

13 participation from Historically Black Colleges or 

14 Universities, Hispanic serving institutions, Tribal 

15 Colleges or Universities, minority-serving institu16 tions, institutions in eligible jurisdictions, emerging 

17 research institutions, community colleges, and sci18 entific societies in those disciplines. 

19 ‘‘(b) PLAN AND OUTREACH STRATEGY.— 

20 ‘‘(1) PLAN.— 

21 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 

22 days after the date of enactment of the Depart23 ment of Energy Science for the Future Act of 

24 2022, the Secretary shall submit to the Com25 mittee on Science, Space, and Technology of 


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1 the House of Representatives and the Com2 mittee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 

3 Senate a 10-year educational plan to fund and 

4 expand new or existing programs administered 

5 by the Office of Science and sited at the Na6 tional Laboratories and Department user facili7 ties to expand educational and workforce oppor8 tunities for underrepresented individuals, in9 cluding— 

10 ‘‘(i) high school, undergraduate, and 

11 graduate students; and 

12 ‘‘(ii) recent graduates, teachers, and 

13 faculty in STEM fields. 

14 ‘‘(B) CONTENTS.—The plan under sub15 paragraph (A) may include paid internships, 

16 fellowships, temporary employment, training 

17 programs, visiting student and faculty pro18 grams, sabbaticals, and research support. 

19 ‘‘(2) OUTREACH CAPACITY.—The Secretary 

20 shall include in the plan under paragraph (1) an 

21 outreach strategy to improve the advertising, recruit22 ment, and promotion of educational and workforce 

23 programs to community colleges, Historically Black 

24 Colleges or Universities, Hispanic-serving institu25 tions, Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-servVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:19 Feb 25, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00130 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3699.IS S3699

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1 ing institutions, institutions in eligible jurisdictions, 

2 and emerging research institutions. 

3 ‘‘(c) BUILDING RESEARCH CAPACITY.— 

4 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall develop 

5 programs that strengthen the research capacity rel6 evant to Office of Science disciplines at emerging re7 search institutions, including minority-serving insti8 tutions, Tribal Colleges or Universities, Historically 

9 Black Colleges or Universities, institutions in eligible 

10 jurisdictions (as defined in section 2203(b)(3)(A) of 

11 the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 

12 13503(b)(3)(A))), institutions in communities with 

13 dislocated workers who were previously employed in 

14 manufacturing, coal power plants, and coal mining, 

15 and other institutions of higher education. 

16 ‘‘(2) INCLUSIONS.—The programs developed 

17 under paragraph (1) may include— 

18 ‘‘(A) enabling mutually beneficial and 

19 jointly managed partnerships between research20 intensive institutions and emerging research in21 stitutions; and 

22 ‘‘(B) soliciting research proposals, fellow23 ships, training programs, and research support 

24 directly from emerging research institutions. 

25 ‘‘(d) TRAINEESHIPS.— 


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1 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall estab2 lish a university-led Traineeship Program to address 

3 workforce training needs in STEM fields relevant to 

4 the Department. 

5 ‘‘(2) FOCUS.—The focus of the Traineeship 

6 Program established under paragraph (1) shall be 

7 on— 

8 ‘‘(A) supporting training and research ex9 periences for underrepresented undergraduate 

10 and graduate students; and 

11 ‘‘(B) increasing participation from under12 represented populations. 

13 ‘‘(3) INCLUSION.—The traineeships under the 

14 Traineeship Program established under paragraph 

15 (1) shall include opportunities to build the next-gen16 eration workforce in research areas critical to main17 taining core competencies across the programs of the 

18 Office of Science. 

19 ‘‘(e) EVALUATION.— 

20 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall estab21 lish key performance indicators to measure and 

22 monitor progress of education and workforce pro23 grams and expand Departmental activities for data 

24 collection and analysis. 


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1 ‘‘(2) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the 

2 date of enactment of the Department of Energy 

3 Science for the Future Act of 2022, and every 2 

4 years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the 

5 Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the 

6 House of Representatives and the Committee on En7 ergy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report 

8 summarizing progress toward meeting the key per9 formance indicators established under paragraph 

10 (1). 

11 ‘‘(f) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

12 ‘‘(1) HISPANIC-SERVING INSTITUTION.—The 

13 term ‘Hispanic-serving institution’ has the meaning 

14 given the term in section 502(a) of the Higher Edu15 cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)). 

16 ‘‘(2) HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGE OR UNI17 VERSITY.—The term ‘Historically Black College or 

18 University’ has the meaning given the term ‘part B 

19 institution’ in section 322 of the Higher Education 

20 Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061). 

21 ‘‘(3) INSTITUTION IN AN ELIGIBLE JURISDIC22 TION.—The term ‘institution in an eligible jurisdic23 tion’ means an institution of higher education (as 

24 defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act 

25 of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) that is located in an eliVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:19 Feb 25, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00133 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3699.IS S3699

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1 gible jurisdiction (as defined in section 

2 2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 

3 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))). 

4 ‘‘(4) MINORITY-SERVING INSTITUTION.—The 

5 term ‘minority-serving institution’ includes the enti6 ties described in any of paragraphs (1) through (7) 

7 of section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 

8 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)). 

9 ‘‘(5) STEM.—The term ‘STEM’ means the 

10 subjects listed in section 2 of the STEM Education 

11 Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note; Public Law 114– 

12 59). 

13 ‘‘(6) TRIBAL COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY.—The 

14 term ‘Tribal College or University’ has the meaning 

15 given the term in section 316(b) of the Higher Edu16 cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c(b)).’’. 

17 (2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of con18 tents in section 2(b) of the National Defense Au19 thorization Act for Fiscal Year 1991 (Public Law 

20 101–510; 104 Stat. 1497) is amended by striking 

21 the items relating to sections 3167 and 3168 and in22 serting the following: 

‘‘Sec. 3167. Partnerships with historically Black colleges and universities, Hispanic-serving institutions, and tribal colleges. 

‘‘Sec. 3167A. Broadening participation for teachers and scientists. 

‘‘Sec. 3167B. Expanding opportunities for highly skilled science, technology, 

engineering, and mathematics (STEM) professionals. 

‘‘Sec. 3168. Definitions. 

‘‘Sec. 3169. Authorization of appropriations.’’. 


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1 SEC. 13. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE; 

2 HELIUM CONSERVATION PROGRAM; OFFICE 

3 OF SCIENCE EMERGING BIOLOGICAL THREAT 

4 PREPAREDNESS RESEARCH INITIATIVE; 

5 MIDSCALE INSTRUMENTATION AND RE6 SEARCH EQUIPMENT PROGRAM; AUTHORIZA7 TION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

8 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Department of Energy Re9 search and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) (as 

10 amended by section 12(a)) is amended by adding at the 

11 end the following: 

12 ‘‘SEC. 313. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE. 

13 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall establish a 

14 high intensity laser research initiative consistent with the 

15 recommendations of the National Academies report enti16 tled ‘Opportunities in Intense Ultrafast Lasers: Reaching 

17 for the Brightest Light’ and the report from the Brightest 

18 Light Initiative workshop entitled ‘The Future of Intense 

19 Ultrafast Lasers in the U.S.’. The initiative should include 

20 research and development of petawatt-scale and of high 

21 average power laser technologies necessary for future facil22 ity needs in discovery science and to advance energy tech23 nologies, as well as support for a user network of academic 

24 and National Laboratory high intensity laser facilities. 

25 ‘‘(b) LEVERAGE.—The Director shall leverage new 

26 laser technologies for more compact, less complex, and 


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1 low-cost accelerator systems needed for science applica2 tions. 

3 ‘‘(c) COORDINATION.— 

4 ‘‘(1) DIRECTOR.—The Director shall coordinate 

5 the initiative established under subsection (a) among 

6 all relevant programs within the Office of Science. 

7 ‘‘(2) UNDER SECRETARY.—The Under Sec8 retary for Science shall coordinate the initiative es9 tablished under subsection (a) with other relevant 

10 programs within the Department and other Federal 

11 agencies. 

12 ‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of 

13 funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of 

14 Science in a fiscal year, there are authorized to be appro15 priated to the Secretary to carry out the activities de16 scribed in this section— 

17 ‘‘(1) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

18 ‘‘(2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; 

19 ‘‘(3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; 

20 ‘‘(4) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and 

21 ‘‘(5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. 

22 ‘‘SEC. 314. HELIUM CONSERVATION PROGRAM. 

23 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish a 

24 program to reduce the consumption of helium for Depart25 ment grant recipients and facilities and encourage helium 


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1 recycling and reuse. The program shall competitively 

2 award grants for— 

3 ‘‘(1) the purchase of equipment to capture, 

4 reuse, and recycle helium; 

5 ‘‘(2) the installation, maintenance, and repair 

6 of new and existing helium capture, reuse, and recy7 cling equipment; and 

8 ‘‘(3) helium alternatives research and develop9 ment activities. 

10 ‘‘(b) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the date 

11 of enactment of the Department of Energy Science for the 

12 Future Act of 2022, and every 3 years thereafter, the Di13 rector shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, 

14 and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 

15 Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Sen16 ate a report on the purchase of helium as part of research 

17 projects and facilities supported by the Department. The 

18 report shall include— 

19 ‘‘(1) the quantity of helium purchased for 

20 projects and facilities supported by Department 

21 grants; 

22 ‘‘(2) a cost-analysis for such helium; 

23 ‘‘(3) expected or experienced impacts of helium 

24 supply shortages or prices on the research projects 

25 and facilities supported by the Department; and 


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1 ‘‘(4) recommendations for reducing Department 

2 grant recipients’ exposure to volatile helium prices. 

3 ‘‘(c) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the program 

4 under this section, the Director shall coordinate with the 

5 National Science Foundation and other relevant Federal 

6 agencies on helium conservation activities. 

7 ‘‘(d) DURATION.—The program established under 

8 this section shall receive support for a period of not more 

9 than 5 years, subject to the availability of appropriations. 

10 ‘‘(e) RENEWAL.—Upon expiration of any period of 

11 support of the program under this section, the Director 

12 may renew support for the program for a period of not 

13 more than 5 years. 

14 ‘‘SEC. 315. OFFICE OF SCIENCE EMERGING BIOLOGICAL 

15 THREAT PREPAREDNESS RESEARCH INITIA16 TIVE. 

17 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish 

18 within the Office of Science a cross-cutting research initia19 tive, to be known as the ‘Emerging Biological Threat Pre20 paredness Research Initiative’, to leverage the innovative 

21 analytical resources and tools, user facilities, and ad22 vanced computational and networking capabilities of the 

23 Department in order to aid efforts to prevent, prepare for, 

24 predict, and respond to emerging natural and anthropo25 genic biological threats to national security. 


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1 ‘‘(b) COMPETITIVE, MERIT-REVIEWED PROCESS.— 

2 The Secretary shall carry out the initiative established 

3 under subsection (a) through a competitive, merit-re4 viewed process, and consider applications from National 

5 Laboratories, institutions of higher education, multi-insti6 tutional collaborations, industry partners and other appro7 priate entities. 

8 ‘‘(c) ACTIVITIES.—In carrying out the initiative es9 tablished under subsection (a), the Secretary shall— 

10 ‘‘(1) determine a comprehensive set of technical 

11 milestones for the research activities described in 

12 that subsection; and 

13 ‘‘(2) prioritize the objectives of— 

14 ‘‘(A) supporting fundamental research and 

15 development in advanced analytics, experi16 mental studies, materials synthesis, and high17 performance computing technologies needed to 

18 characterize, model, simulate, and predict com19 plex natural phenomena and biological mate20 rials related to emerging biological threats; 

21 ‘‘(B)(i) supporting epidemiological mod22 eling, including data management, curation, 

23 analysis, and modeling; and 


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1 ‘‘(ii) applying artificial intelligence, ma2 chine learning, and other computing tools to the 

3 processes described in clause (i); 

4 ‘‘(C) understanding and modeling the 

5 transport of pathogens in indoor and outdoor 

6 air and water environments; 

7 ‘‘(D) researching and developing advances 

8 in cost-effective and rapid pathogen detection, 

9 monitoring, testing, and diagnostic technologies 

10 and protocols, including for physiological and 

11 environmental samples; 

12 ‘‘(E) supporting the research and develop13 ment of materials and manufacturing of critical 

14 supplies needed for the prevention of and re15 sponse to biological threats; 

16 ‘‘(F) advancing molecular design for med17 ical therapeutics; 

18 ‘‘(G) ensuring that new experimental and 

19 computational tools are accessible to relevant 

20 research communities, including private sector 

21 entities and other Federal research institutions; 

22 and 

23 ‘‘(H) supporting activities and projects 

24 that combine computational modeling and simVerDate Sep 11 2014 21:19 Feb 25, 2022 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00140 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3699.IS S3699

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1 ulation with experimental research facilities and 

2 studies. 

3 ‘‘(d) COORDINATION.—In carrying out the initiative 

4 established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall co5 ordinate activities with— 

6 ‘‘(1) other relevant offices of the Department; 

7 ‘‘(2) the National Nuclear Security Administra8 tion; 

9 ‘‘(3) the National Laboratories; 

10 ‘‘(4) the Director of the National Science Foun11 dation; 

12 ‘‘(5) the Director of the Centers for Disease 

13 Control and Prevention; 

14 ‘‘(6) the Director of the National Institutes of 

15 Health; 

16 ‘‘(7) the heads of other relevant Federal agen17 cies; 

18 ‘‘(8) institutions of higher education; and 

19 ‘‘(9) the private sector. 

20 ‘‘(e) EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES HIGH PER21 FORMANCE COMPUTING RESEARCH CONSORTIUM.— 

22 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in coordina23 tion with the Director of the National Science Foun24 dation and the Director of the Office of Science and 

25 Technology Policy, shall establish and operate an 


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1 Emerging Infectious Diseases High Performance 

2 Computing Research Consortium (referred to in this 

3 section as the ‘Consortium’), to support the initiative 

4 established under subsection (a) by providing, to the 

5 extent practicable, a centralized entity for multidisci6 plinary, collaborative, emerging infectious disease 

7 and biosecurity research and development through 

8 high performance computing and advanced data 

9 analytics technologies and processes, in conjunction 

10 with the experimental research facilities and studies 

11 supported by the Department. 

12 ‘‘(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The members of the Con13 sortium may include representatives from relevant 

14 Federal agencies, the National Laboratories, the pri15 vate sector, and institutions of higher education, 

16 which can each contribute relevant compute time, 

17 capabilities, or other resources. 

18 ‘‘(3) ACTIVITIES.—The Consortium shall— 

19 ‘‘(A) match applicants with available Fed20 eral and private sector computing resources; 

21 ‘‘(B) consider supplemental awards for 

22 computing partnerships with Consortium mem23 bers to qualifying entities on a competitive 

24 merit-review basis; 


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1 ‘‘(C) encourage collaboration and commu2 nication among member representatives of the 

3 Consortium and awardees; 

4 ‘‘(D) provide access to the high-perform5 ance computing capabilities, expertise, and user 

6 facilities of the Department and the National 

7 Laboratories; and 

8 ‘‘(E) submit an annual report to the Sec9 retary summarizing the activities of the Consor10 tium, including— 

11 ‘‘(i) describing each project under12 taken by the Consortium; 

13 ‘‘(ii) detailing organizational expendi14 tures; and 

15 ‘‘(iii) evaluating contributions to the 

16 achievement of technical milestones as de17 termined in subsection (a). 

18 ‘‘(4) COORDINATION.—The Secretary shall en19 sure the coordination of, and avoid unnecessary du20 plication of, the activities of the Consortium with the 

21 activities of other research entities of the Depart22 ment, other Federal research institutions, institu23 tions of higher education, and the private sector. 

24 ‘‘(f) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the date 

25 of enactment of the Department of Energy Science for the 


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1 Future Act of 2022, the Secretary shall submit to the 

2 Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the 

3 House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy 

4 and Natural Resources and the Committee on Commerce, 

5 Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report detail6 ing the effectiveness of— 

7 ‘‘(1) the interagency coordination among each 

8 Federal agency involved in the initiative established 

9 under subsection (a); 

10 ‘‘(2) the collaborative research achievements of 

11 that initiative, including the achievement of the tech12 nical milestones determined under that subsection; 

13 and 

14 ‘‘(3) potential opportunities to expand the tech15 nical capabilities of the Department. 

16 ‘‘(g) FUNDING.—Out of funds authorized to be ap17 propriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there 

18 are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry 

19 out the activities under this section— 

20 ‘‘(1) $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 

21 and 2023; and 

22 ‘‘(2) such sums as are necessary for each of fis23 cal years 2024 through 2026. 

24 ‘‘(h) PROHIBITION.— 


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1 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out this sec2 tion, the Secretary may not carry out gain-of-func3 tion research. 

4 ‘‘(2) GAIN-OF-FUNCTION RESEARCH DE5 FINED.—In this subsection, ‘gain-of-function re6 search’ means research activities with the potential 

7 to generate pathogens with high transmissibility and 

8 high virulence in humans. 

9 ‘‘(3) OVERSIGHT AND GUIDANCE.—The Direc10 tor of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 

11 shall provide guidance to the Department, the Na12 tional Laboratories, and users regarding the estab13 lishment and promulgation of policies to implement 

14 the prohibition under paragraph (1). 

15 ‘‘SEC. 316. MIDSCALE INSTRUMENTATION AND RESEARCH 

16 EQUIPMENT PROGRAM. 

17 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall establish a 

18 midscale instrumentation and research equipment pro19 gram to develop, acquire, and commercialize research in20 strumentation and equipment needed to meet the missions 

21 of the Department and to provide platform technologies 

22 for the broader scientific community. 

23 ‘‘(b) ACTIVITIES.—Under the program established 

24 under subsection (a), the Director shall— 


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1 ‘‘(1) enable the development and acquisition of 

2 novel, state-of-the-art instruments that— 

3 ‘‘(A) range in cost from $1,000,000 to 

4 $20,000,000 each; and 

5 ‘‘(B) would significantly accelerate sci6 entific breakthroughs at user facilities; and 

7 ‘‘(2) strongly encourage partnerships among— 

8 ‘‘(A) National Laboratories; 

9 ‘‘(B) user facilities; and 

10 ‘‘(C)(i) institutions in a State receiving 

11 funding under the Established Program to 

12 Stimulate Competitive Research established 

13 under section 2203(b)(3) of the Energy Policy 

14 Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)); 

15 ‘‘(ii) historically Black colleges or univer16 sities; 

17 ‘‘(iii) minority-serving institutions of high18 er education; or 

19 ‘‘(iv) institutions of higher education in a 

20 rural area. 

21 ‘‘(3) COORDINATION WITH OTHER PRO22 GRAMS.—The Director shall coordinate the program 

23 established under paragraph (1) with all other pro24 grams carried out by the Office of Science of the 

25 Department. 


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1 ‘‘(c) RESEARCH EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY DE2 VELOPMENT COORDINATION.—The Director shall encour3 age coordination among the Office of Science, the National 

4 Laboratories, the Office of Technology Transitions, and 

5 relevant academic and private sector entities to promote 

6 the dissemination or commercialization of research equip7 ment and related technologies developed to aid basic 

8 science research discoveries. 

9 ‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Out of 

10 funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of 

11 Science in a fiscal year, there is authorized to be appro12 priated to carry out this section $150,000,000 for each 

13 of fiscals years 2022 through 2026. 

14 ‘‘SEC. 317. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

15 ‘‘There are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec16 retary to carry out the activities described in this title— 

17 ‘‘(1) $8,451,905,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

18 ‘‘(2) $9,035,354,600 for fiscal year 2023; 

19 ‘‘(3) $9,705,470,672 for fiscal year 2024; 

20 ‘‘(4) $10,259,703,569 for fiscal year 2025; and 

21 ‘‘(5) $12,049,702,411 for fiscal year 2026.’’. 

22 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—Section 1(b) of the De23 partment of Energy Research and Innovation Act is 

24 amended in the table of contents by inserting after the 

25 item relating to section 309 the following: 

‘‘Sec. 310. Accelerator research and development. 


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‘‘Sec. 311. Isotope research, development, and production. 

‘‘Sec. 312. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists. 

‘‘Sec. 313. High intensity laser research initiative. 

‘‘Sec. 314. Helium conservation program. 

‘‘Sec. 315. Office of Science Emerging Biological Threat Preparedness Research Initiative. 

‘‘Sec. 316. Midscale instrumentation and research equipment program. 

‘‘Sec. 317. Authorization of appropriations.’’. 

1 SEC. 14. ESTABLISHED PROGRAM TO STIMULATE COMPETI2 TIVE RESEARCH. 

3 (a) RESEARCH AREAS.—Section 2203(b)(3)(E) of 

4 the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 

5 13503(b)(3)(E)) is amended— 

6 (1) in the subparagraph heading, by striking 

7 ‘‘IN AREAS OF APPLIED ENERGY RESEARCH, ENVI8 RONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, AND BASIC SCIENCE’’; 

9 (2) in clause (i)— 

10 (A) in subclause (I), by inserting ‘‘nuclear 

11 energy,’’ before ‘‘and’’; and 

12 (B) by striking subclause (V) and inserting 

13 the following: 

14 ‘‘(V) basic science research, in15 cluding— 

16 ‘‘(aa) advanced scientific 

17 computing research; 

18 ‘‘(bb) basic energy sciences; 

19 ‘‘(cc) biological and environ20 mental research; 

21 ‘‘(dd) fusion energy sciences; 


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1 ‘‘(ee) high energy physics; 

2 ‘‘(ff) nuclear physics; 

3 ‘‘(gg) isotope research, de4 velopment, and production; 

5 ‘‘(hh) accelerator research, 

6 development, and production; and 

7 ‘‘(ii) other areas of research 

8 funded by the Office of Science, 

9 as determined by the Secretary.’’; 

10 and 

11 (3) in clause (ii)— 

12 (A) in subclause (II), by striking ‘‘grad13 uate’’ and inserting ‘‘undergraduate scholar14 ships, graduate fellowships, and’’; 

15 (B) in subclause (III), by striking ‘‘; and’’ 

16 and inserting ‘‘and staff;’’; 

17 (C) in subclause (IV)— 

18 (i) by striking ‘‘biennial’’ and insert19 ing ‘‘annual’’; and 

20 (ii) by striking the period at the end 

21 and inserting a semicolon; and 

22 (D) by adding at the end the following: 

23 ‘‘(V) to develop research clusters 

24 for particular areas of expertise; and 


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1 ‘‘(VI) to diversify the future 

2 workforce.’’. 

3 (b) RESEARCH CAPABILITY ENHANCEMENT.—Sec4 tion 2203(b)(3) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 

5 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)) is amended by striking subparagraph 

6 (F) and inserting the following: 

7 ‘‘(F) RESEARCH CAPABILITY ENHANCE8 MENT.— 

9 ‘‘(i) SCHOLARSHIPS AND FELLOW10 SHIPS.— 

11 ‘‘(I) IN GENERAL.—Pursuant to 

12 subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary 

13 shall award grants to institutions of 

14 higher education in eligible jurisdic15 tions for those institutions of higher 

16 education to provide scholarships and 

17 fellowships. 

18 ‘‘(II) GRANT.—A scholarship or 

19 fellowship awarded by an institution 

20 of higher education in an eligible ju21 risdiction using a grant provided 

22 under subclause (I)— 

23 ‘‘(aa) in the case of an un24 dergraduate scholarship— 


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1 ‘‘(AA) shall be for a pe2 riod of 1 year; and 

3 ‘‘(BB) may be competi4 tively renewable on an an5 nual basis; and 

6 ‘‘(bb) in the case of a grad7 uate level fellowship, shall be for 

8 a period of not more than 5 

9 years. 

10 ‘‘(ii) EARLY CAREER CAPACITY DE11 VELOPMENT.— 

12 ‘‘(I) IN GENERAL.—Pursuant to 

13 subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary 

14 shall award grants to early career fac15 ulty and staff at institutions of higher 

16 education in eligible jurisdictions— 

17 ‘‘(aa) to support investi18 gator-initiated research, including 

19 associated research equipment 

20 and instrumentation; 

21 ‘‘(bb) to support activities 

22 associated with identifying and 

23 responding to funding opportuni24 ties; 


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1 ‘‘(cc) to secure technical as2 sistance for the pursuit of fund3 ing opportunities; and 

4 ‘‘(dd) to develop and en5 hance collaboration among Na6 tional Laboratories, Department 

7 of Energy programs, the private 

8 sector, and other relevant enti9 ties. 

10 ‘‘(II) GRANTS.—A grant awarded 

11 under subclause (I) shall be— 

12 ‘‘(aa) for a period of not 

13 more than 5 years; and 

14 ‘‘(bb) competitively renew15 able for an additional 5-year pe16 riod. 

17 ‘‘(iii) RESEARCH CAPACITY DEVELOP18 MENT.— 

19 ‘‘(I) IN GENERAL.—Pursuant to 

20 subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary 

21 shall award competitive grants to in22 stitutions of higher education in eligi23 ble jurisdictions for research capacity 

24 development and implementation, in25 cluding— 


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1 ‘‘(aa) developing expertise in 

2 key technology areas, including 

3 associated equipment and instru4 mentation; 

5 ‘‘(bb) developing and acquir6 ing novel, state-of-the-art instru7 ments and equipment that range 

8 in cost from $500,000 to 

9 $20,000,000; 

10 ‘‘(cc) enhancing collabora11 tion with National Laboratories, 

12 the Department of Energy, and 

13 the private sector through faculty 

14 or staff placement programs; and 

15 ‘‘(dd) supporting formal 

16 partnership programs with insti17 tutions of higher education and 

18 National Laboratories. 

19 ‘‘(II) GRANTS.—A grant awarded 

20 under subclause (I) shall be— 

21 ‘‘(aa) for a period of not 

22 more than 5 years; and 

23 ‘‘(bb) renewable for an addi24 tional 5-year period. 


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1 ‘‘(III) EQUIPMENT AND INSTRU2 MENTATION.—To the maximum ex3 tent practicable, the Secretary shall 

4 ensure that research equipment and 

5 instrumentation developed or acquired 

6 pursuant to a grant awarded under 

7 subclause (I) may sustain continued 

8 operation and be maintained without 

9 the need for additional or subsequent 

10 funding under this section.’’. 

11 (c) PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION UPDATE.—Section 

12 2203(b)(3)(G) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 

13 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(G)) is amended by adding at the end 

14 the following: 

15 ‘‘(iii) UPDATE.—Not later than 270 

16 days after the date of enactment of the 

17 Department of Energy Science for the Fu18 ture Act of 2022, the Secretary shall— 

19 ‘‘(I) update the plan submitted 

20 under clause (i); and 

21 ‘‘(II) submit the updated plan to 

22 the committees described in that 

23 clause.’’. 

24 (d) PROGRAM EVALUATION REPORT.—Section 

25 2203(b)(3)(H) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 


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1 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(H)) is amended by adding at the end 

2 the following: 

3 ‘‘(iv) ANNUAL REPORT.—At the end 

4 of each fiscal year, the Secretary shall sub5 mit to the Committee on Energy and Nat6 ural Resources and the Committee on Ap7 propriations of the Senate and the Com8 mittee on Energy and Commerce and the 

9 Committee on Appropriations of the House 

10 of Representatives a report that includes— 

11 ‘‘(I) the total amount of expendi12 tures made by the Department to 

13 carry out EPSCoR in each eligible ju14 risdiction for each of the 3 most re15 cent fiscal years for which such infor16 mation is available; 

17 ‘‘(II)(aa) the number of EPSCoR 

18 awards made to institutions of higher 

19 education located in eligible jurisdic20 tions; and 

21 ‘‘(bb) the amount and type of 

22 each award; 

23 ‘‘(III) the number of awards that 

24 are not EPSCoR awards made by the 

25 Secretary to institutions of higher 


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1 education located in eligible jurisdic2 tions; 

3 ‘‘(IV)(aa) the number of rep4 resentatives of institutions of higher 

5 education in eligible jurisdictions serv6 ing on each Office of Science advisory 

7 committee; and 

8 ‘‘(bb) for each such advisory 

9 committee, the percentage of com10 mittee membership that those individ11 uals constitute; and 

12 ‘‘(V) the number of individuals 

13 from institutions of higher education 

14 in eligible jurisdictions serving on peer 

15 review committees.’’. 

16 (e) FUNDING.—Section 2203(b)(3) of the Energy 

17 Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)) is amended 

18 by adding at the end the following: 

19 ‘‘(I) FUNDING.— 

20 ‘‘(i) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIA21 TIONS.—There are authorized to be appro22 priated to the Secretary to carry out 

23 EPSCoR, to remain available until ex24 pended— 


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1 ‘‘(I) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 

2 2022; 

3 ‘‘(II) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 

4 2023; 

5 ‘‘(III) $100,000,000 for fiscal 

6 year 2024; 

7 ‘‘(IV) $100,000,000 for fiscal 

8 year 2025; and 

9 ‘‘(V) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 

10 2026. 

11 ‘‘(ii) GRANTS TO CONSORTIA.—In the 

12 case of an EPSCoR grant awarded to a 

13 consortium that contains institutions of 

14 higher education that are not located in el15 igible jurisdictions, the Secretary may 

16 count— 

17 ‘‘(I) the full amount of funds ex18 pended to provide the grant towards 

19 meeting the funding requirement in 

20 clause (iii) if the lead entity of the 

21 consortium is an institution of higher 

22 education located in an eligible juris23 diction; and 

24 ‘‘(II) only the funds provided to 

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1 cated in eligible jurisdictions towards 

2 meeting the funding requirement in 

3 clause (iii) if the lead entity of the 

4 consortium is an institution of higher 

5 education that is not located in an eli6 gible jurisdiction. 

7 ‘‘(iii) ADDITIONAL FUNDS FOR ELIGI8 BLE JURISDICTIONS.—In addition to funds 

9 authorized to be appropriated under clause 

10 (i), the Secretary, to the maximum extent 

11 practicable, shall ensure that, of the re12 search and development funds of the Office 

13 of Science that are awarded by the Sec14 retary each year to institutions of higher 

15 education, not less than 10 percent is 

16 awarded to institutions of higher education 

17 in eligible jurisdictions pursuant to the 

18 evaluation and selection criteria in section 

19 605.10 of title 10, Code of Federal Regula20 tions (or successor regulations). 

21 ‘‘(iv) ADDITIONAL FUNDS FOR EQUIP22 MENT AND INSTRUMENTATION.—In addi23 tion to funds authorized to be appropriated 

24 under clause (i), there is authorized to be 

25 appropriated to the Secretary to award 


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1 grants under subparagraph (F)(iii)(I) for 

2 the purpose described in item (bb) of that 

3 subparagraph $50,000,000 for each of fis4 cal years 2022 through 2026, to remain 

5 available until expended.’’. 

6 (f) ADVISORY COMMITTEES TO THE OFFICE OF

7 SCIENCE.—In order to improve the advice and guidance 

8 provided to the Office of Science, the Undersecretary for 

9 Science shall seek to ensure, to the maximum extent prac10 ticable, the robust participation of institutions of higher 

11 education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Edu12 cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) located in eligible 

13 jurisdictions (as defined in section 2203(b)(3)(A) of the 

14 Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))) 

15 on the Office of Science Federal Advisory Committee. 

16 (g) TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS.—Section 2203(b) of 

17 the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)) is 

18 amended— 

19 (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘(1) The Sec20 retary’’ and inserting the following: 

21 ‘‘(1) UNIVERSITY RESEARCH REACTORS.—The 

22 Secretary’’; and 

23 (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘(2) The Sec24 retary’’ and inserting the following: 


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1 ‘‘(2) METHOD TO EVALUATE EFFECTIVENESS

2 OF EDUCATION PROGRAMS.—The Secretary’’. 

3 SEC. 15. RESEARCH SECURITY. 

4 (a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

5 (1) COUNTRY OF RISK.— 

6 (A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘‘country of 

7 risk’’ means a foreign country determined by 

8 the Secretary, in accordance with subparagraph 

9 (B), to present a risk of theft of United States 

10 intellectual property or a threat to the national 

11 security of the United States if nationals of the 

12 country, or entities owned or controlled by the 

13 country or nationals of the country, participate 

14 in any research, development, demonstration, or 

15 deployment activity authorized under this Act 

16 or an amendment made by this Act. 

17 (B) DETERMINATION.—In making a deter18 mination under subparagraph (A), the Sec19 retary, in coordination with the Director of the 

20 Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, 

21 shall take into consideration— 

22 (i) the most recent World Wide 

23 Threat Assessment of the United States 

24 Intelligence Community, prepared by the 

25 Director of National Intelligence; and 


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1 (ii) the most recent National Counter2 intelligence Strategy of the United States. 

3 (2) COVERED SUPPORT.—The term ‘‘covered 

4 support’’ means any grant, contract, subcontract, 

5 award, loan, program, support, or other activity au6 thorized under this Act or an amendment made by 

7 this Act. 

8 (3) ENTITY OF CONCERN.—The term ‘‘entity of 

9 concern’’ means any entity, including a national, 

10 that is— 

11 (A) identified under section 1237(b) of the 

12 Strom Thurmond National Defense Authoriza13 tion Act for Fiscal Year 1999 (50 U.S.C. 1701 

14 note; Public Law 105–261); 

15 (B) identified under section 1260H of the 

16 William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 

17 Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (10 

18 U.S.C. 113 note; Public Law 116–283); 

19 (C) on the Entity List maintained by the 

20 Bureau of Industry and Security of the Depart21 ment of Commerce and set forth in Supplement 

22 No. 4 to part 744 of title 15, Code of Federal 

23 Regulations; 

24 (D) included in the list required by section 

25 9(b)(3) of the Uyghur Human Rights Policy 


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1 Act of 2020 (Public Law 116–145; 134 Stat. 

2 656); or 

3 (E) identified by the Secretary, in coordi4 nation with the Director of the Office of Intel5 ligence and Counterintelligence and the applica6 ble office that would provide, or is providing, 

7 covered support, as posing an unmanageable 

8 threat— 

9 (i) to the national security of the 

10 United States; or 

11 (ii) of theft or loss of United States 

12 intellectual property. 

13 (4) NATIONAL.—The term ‘‘national’’ has the 

14 meaning given the term in section 101 of the Immi15 gration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101). 

16 (5) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 

17 the Secretary of Energy. 

18 (b) SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RISK ASSESS19 MENT.— 

20 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall develop 

21 and maintain tools and processes to manage and 

22 mitigate research security risks, such as a science 

23 and technology risk matrix, informed by threats 

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1 minations of the risk of loss of United States intel2 lectual property or threat to the national security of 

3 the United States posed by activities carried out 

4 under any covered support. 

5 (2) CONTENT AND IMPLEMENTATION.—In de6 veloping and using the tools and processes developed 

7 under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall— 

8 (A) deploy risk-based approaches to evalu9 ating, awarding, and managing certain re10 search, development, demonstration, and de11 ployment activities, including designations that 

12 will indicate the relative risk of activities; 

13 (B) assess, to the extent practicable, ongo14 ing high-risk activities; 

15 (C) designate an officer or employee of the 

16 Department of Energy to be responsible for 

17 tracking and notifying recipients of any covered 

18 support of unmanageable threats to United 

19 States national security or of theft or loss of 

20 United States intellectual property posed by an 

21 entity of concern; 

22 (D) consider requiring recipients of covered 

23 support to implement additional research secu24 rity mitigations for higher-risk activities if ap25 propriate; and 


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1 (E) support the development of research 

2 security training for recipients of covered sup3 port on the risks posed by entities of concern. 

4 (3) ANNUAL UPDATES.—The tools and proc5 esses developed under paragraph (1) shall be evalu6 ated annually and updated as needed, with threat7 informed input from the Office of Intelligence and 

8 Counterintelligence, to reflect changes in the risk 

9 designation under paragraph (2)(A) of research, de10 velopment, demonstration, and deployment activities 

11 conducted by the Department. 

12 (c) ENTITY OF CONCERN.— 

13 (1) PROHIBITION.—Except as provided in para14 graph (2), no entity of concern, or individual that 

15 owns or controls, is owned or controlled by, or is 

16 under common ownership or control with an entity 

17 of concern, may receive, or perform work under, any 

18 covered support. 

19 (2) WAIVER OF PROHIBITION.— 

20 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may 

21 waive the prohibition under paragraph (1) if de22 termined by the Secretary to be in the national 

23 interest. 

24 (B) NOTIFICATION TO CONGRESS.—Not 

25 less than 2 weeks prior to issuing a waiver 


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1 under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall no2 tify the Committee on Energy and Natural Re3 sources of the Senate and the Committee on 

4 Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 

5 Representatives of the intent to issue the waiv6 er, including a justification for the waiver. 

7 (3) PENALTY.— 

8 (A) TERMINATION OF SUPPORT.—On find9 ing that any entity of concern or individual de10 scribed in paragraph (1) has received covered 

11 support and has not received a waiver under 

12 paragraph (2), the Secretary shall terminate all 

13 covered support to that entity of concern or in14 dividual, as applicable. 

15 (B) PENALTIES.—An entity of concern or 

16 individual identified under subparagraph (A) 

17 shall be— 

18 (i) prohibited from receiving or par19 ticipating in covered support for a period 

20 of not less than 1 year but not more than 

21 10 years, as determined by the Secretary; 

22 or 

23 (ii) instead of the penalty described in 

24 clause (i), subject to any other penalties 

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1 tions that the Secretary determines to be 

2 in the national interest. 

3 (C) NOTIFICATION TO CONGRESS.—Prior 

4 to imposing a penalty under subparagraph (B), 

5 the Secretary shall notify the Committee on En6 ergy and Natural Resources of the Senate and 

7 the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech8 nology of the House of Representatives of the 

9 intent to impose the penalty, including a de10 scription of and justification for the penalty. 

11 (4) COORDINATION.—The Secretary shall— 

12 (A) share information about the unman13 ageable threats described in subsection 

14 (a)(3)(E) with other Federal agencies; and 

15 (B) develop consistent approaches to iden16 tifying entities of concern. 

17 (d) INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS.—This section 

18 shall be applied in a manner consistent with the obliga19 tions of the United States under international agreements. 

20 (e) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 240 days 

21 after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 

22 submit to Congress a report that— 

23 (1) describes— 


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1 (A) the tools and processes developed 

2 under subsection (b)(1) and any updates to 

3 those tools and processes; and 

4 (B) if applicable, the science and tech5 nology risk matrix developed under that sub6 section and how that matrix has been applied; 

7 (2) includes a mitigation plan for managing 

8 risks posed by countries of risk with respect to fu9 ture or ongoing research and development activities 

10 of the Department of Energy; and 

11 (3) defines critical research areas, designated 

12 by risk, as determined by the Secretary. 

Æ 


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