Document

SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
This SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”), dated as of December 16, 2022, is by and among Comstock Inc., a Nevada corporation with headquarters located at 117 American Flat Road, Virginia City, Nevada 89440 (the ”Company”), and Ionic Ventures, LLC (“Buyer”).


RECITALS
A. The Company and Buyer desire to enter into this transaction to purchase the Convertible Notes (as defined below) as set forth herein.
B. The Company will sell and issue the Convertible Notes (as defined below) and Conversion Shares (as defined below) to Buyer pursuant to a currently effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-263930) (the “Registration Statement”), which Registration Statement has been declared effective in accordance with the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC” or the “Commission”).
C. The Company has authorized a new series of Convertible Notes of the Company designated as 8% Convertible Promissory Notes (the “Convertible Notes”), the terms of which are set forth in the 8% Convertible Promissory Note in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (together with any Convertible Notes issued in replacement thereof in accordance with the terms thereof, which Convertible Notes shall be convertible into Common Stock (as defined below) (such shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the terms of the Convertible Notes, including, without limitation, upon conversion or otherwise, collectively, the “Conversion Shares”) in accordance with the terms of the Convertible Notes).
D. Buyer wishes to purchase, and the Company wishes to sell, upon the terms stated in this Agreement, Convertible Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $3,150,000 of Convertible Notes. 
E. The Convertible Notes and the Conversion Shares are collectively referred to herein as the “Securities.”


AGREEMENT
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants contained herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and Buyer hereby agree as follows:
1. PURCHASE AND SALE OF CONVERTIBLE NOTES.
(a) Convertible Notes. The Company shall issue and sell to Buyer, and Buyer shall purchase from the Company on the Closing Date (as defined below), the aggregate principal amount of $3,150,000 of Convertible Notes, subject to satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in Section 6 hereof with respect to the Closing (as defined below). Buyer shall purchase an aggregate of up to $3,150,000 in principal amount of Convertible Notes for the Closing hereunder. 
(b) Closing. The Closing of the purchase of the Convertible Notes shall occur in one closing on the date hereof, subject to satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in Section 6 hereof with respect to the Closing, at the offices of Sullivan and Worcester LLP or such other place mutually acceptable to the Company and Buyer or remotely. The time of Closing (the “Closing Date”) shall be 10:00 a.m., New York time (or such other time as is mutually agreed to by the Company and Buyer). The parties may change the Closing Date by mutual agreement. 
(c) Purchase Price. The aggregate purchase price for the Convertible Notes to be purchased by Buyer at Closing (the “Purchase Price”) shall be $3,000,000.
(d) Payment of Purchase Price; Deliveries. On the Closing Date, (x) Buyer shall pay the Purchase Price to the Company for the Convertible Notes to be issued and sold to Buyer at the Closing, by wire transfer of immediately available funds in accordance with the Company’s written wire instructions less, in the case of the Buyer, any applicable amounts withheld pursuant to Section 4(j), and (y) the Company shall deliver to Buyer a Convertible Note in the aggregate principal amount of $3,150,000.
2. BUYER’S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.
Buyer, represents and warrants to the Company that:
(a) Organization; Validity; Enforcement. Buyer is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder. This Agreement has been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered on behalf of the Buyer and constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Buyer enforceable against the Buyer in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity or to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation and other similar laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement of applicable creditors’ rights and remedies.
(b) No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Buyer of this Agreement and the consummation by the Buyer of the transactions contemplated hereby and the Convertible Note, as well as all exhibits and schedules thereto and hereto and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder or thereunder (collectively, the “Transaction Documents”), will not (i) result in a violation of the organizational documents of the Buyer, (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of 
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termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which the Buyer is a party or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including federal and state securities laws) applicable to the Buyer, except, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for such conflicts, defaults, rights or violations which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the ability of the Buyer to perform its obligations hereunder.
(c) Short Sale. Buyer represents and warrants to the Company that at no time in the twelve (12) months prior to the date of this Agreement has any Restricted Person (as defined herein) engaged in or effected, in any manner whatsoever, directly or indirectly, any (i) “short sale” (as such term is defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO of the 1934 Act (as defined herein)) of the Common Stock or (ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a Short Position (as defined herein) with respect to the Common Stock and extends to as long as Buyer holds any Notes.
(d) Investment Purpose. Buyer is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation of the 1933 Act or any applicable state securities law, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities in violation of the 1933 Act or any applicable state securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind (“Persons”) to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities in violation of the 1933 Act or any applicable state securities law (this representation and warranty not limiting any Buyer’s right to sell the Securities at any time pursuant to any registration statement registering the resale thereof or otherwise in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). Buyer is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business.
(e) Accredited Buyer Status. Buyer is an “Accredited Investor” as that term is defined in Rule 501(a)(3) of Regulation D promulgated under the 1933 Act.
(f) Information. Buyer understands that its investment in the Securities involves a high degree of risk. Buyer (i) is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities including a total loss thereof, (ii) has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the proposed investment in the Securities and (iii) has had an opportunity to ask questions of and receive answers from the officers of the Company concerning the financial condition and business of the Company and others matters related to an investment in the Securities. Neither such inquiries nor any other due diligence investigations conducted by the Buyer or its respective representatives shall modify, amend or affect Buyer’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in Section 3 below. Buyer has sought such accounting, legal and tax advice as it has considered necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to its acquisition of the Securities.
(g) Transfer or Sale. Buyer understands that (i) the Securities may not be offered for sale, sold, assigned or transferred unless (A) registered pursuant to the 1933 Act or (B) an exemption exists permitting such Securities to be sold, assigned or transferred without such registration; (ii) any sale of the Securities made in reliance on Rule 144 under the 1933 Act may be made only in accordance with the terms of Rule 144 under the 1933 Act and further, if Rule 144 under the 1933 Act is not applicable, any resale of the Securities under circumstances in which the seller (or the Person through whom the sale is made) may be deemed to be an underwriter (as that term is defined in the 1933 Act) may require compliance with some other exemption under the 1933 Act or the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder.
3. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY.
Except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedules attached hereto, which Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed a part hereof and shall qualify any representation or otherwise made herein to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding section of the Disclosure Schedules (but in no event shall qualify any indemnity obligation of the Company hereunder), the Company (which for purposes of this Section 3 means the Company and all of its Subsidiaries (as defined below)) represents and warrants to the Buyer that on the Closing Date:
(a) Subsidiaries. All of the direct and indirect majority-owned subsidiaries of the Company, as defined in under Rule 1-02(n) of Regulation S-X (the “Subsidiaries”) are set forth on Schedule 3(a). Except as set forth on Schedule 3(a), the Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens (as defined below), and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. 
(b) Organization, Etc. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the state of their respective organization and are duly qualified and in good standing or has applied for qualification as a foreign corporation authorized to do business in each jurisdiction where, because of the nature of its activities or properties, such qualification is required except where the failure to be so qualified would not reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”). 
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(c) Authorization; No Conflict. The execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby by the Company, including, but not limited to, the sale and issuance of the Convertible Notes for the Purchase Price, the reservation for issuance of the shares of Common Stock required to be reserved pursuant to the terms of the Convertible Notes and the sale and issuance of the Conversion Shares into which the Convertible Notes are convertible, (i) are within the Company’s corporate powers, (ii) have been duly authorized by all necessary action by or on behalf of the Company (and/or its stockholders to the extent required by law), (iii) do not and shall not contravene or conflict with any provision of, or require any consents under (1) any law, rule, regulation or ordinance, (2) the Company’s organizational documents; and/or (3) any agreement binding upon the Company or any of the Company’s properties except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and (iv) do not result in, or require, the creation or imposition of any Lien (as defined below) on any of the Company’s properties or revenues pursuant to any law, rule, regulation or ordinance or otherwise. The Company has received all necessary and/or required governmental, regulatory and other approvals and consents (if any shall be required).
(d) Issuance of Securities; Registration Statement. The issuance of the Convertible Notes is duly authorized and, upon issuance in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents, shall be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free from all preemptive or similar rights, mortgages, defects, claims, liens, pledges, charges, taxes, rights of first refusal, encumbrances, security interests and other encumbrances (collectively “Liens”) with respect to the issuance thereof. As of Closing, the Company shall have reserved from its duly authorized capital stock not less than 18,000,000 shares of Common Stock (the “Required Reserve Amount”). “Common Stock” means (i) the Company’s shares of common stock, $0.000666 par value per share, and (ii) any capital stock into which such common stock shall have been changed or any share capital resulting from a reclassification of such common stock. The issuance of the Conversion Shares is duly authorized, and upon issuance in accordance with the Convertible Notes, the Conversion Shares when issued will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free from all preemptive or similar rights, taxes or Liens with respect to the issue thereof, with the holders being entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock. The issuance by the Company of the Securities has been registered under the 1933 Act, the Securities are being issued pursuant to the Registration Statement. The Registration Statement is effective and available for the issuance of the Securities thereunder and the Company has not received any notice that the SEC has issued or intends to issue a stop-order with respect to the Registration Statement or that the SEC otherwise has suspended or withdrawn the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, either temporarily or permanently, or intends or has threatened in writing to do so. The “Plan of Distribution” section under the Registration Statement permits the issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder and as contemplated by the other Transaction Documents. Upon receipt of the Securities, the Buyer will have good and marketable title to the Securities. The Registration Statement and any prospectus included therein, including the prospectus used in connection herewith as may be necessary to keep such Registration Statement effective (the “Prospectus”) and the prospectus supplement thereto (the “Prospectus Supplement”), complied in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder and all other applicable laws and regulations. At the time the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto became effective, at the date of this Agreement and at each deemed effective date thereof pursuant to Rule 430B(f)(2) of the 1933 Act, the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto (including, without limitation the Prospectus Supplement), at the time the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto was issued and at the Closing Date, complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company meets all of the requirements for the use of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act for the offering and sale of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, and the SEC has not notified the Company of any objection to the use of the form of the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 401(g)(1) under the 1933 Act. The Registration Statement meets the requirements set forth in Rule 415(a)(1)(x) under the 1933 Act. At the earliest time after the filing of the Registration Statement that the Company or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2) under the 1933 Act) relating to any of the Securities, the Company was not and is not an “Ineligible Issuer” (as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act). The Company (i) has not distributed any offering material in connection with the offer or sale of any of the Securities and (ii) until Buyer does not hold any of the Securities, shall not distribute any offering material in connection with the offer or sale of any of the Securities to, or by, Buyer (if required), in each case, other than the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement. The offering of the Securities has been registered with the SEC on Form S-3 under the 1933 Act, and the Securities are being offered pursuant to Rule 415 promulgated under the 1933 Act. 
(e) Validity and Binding Nature. The Transaction Documents to which the Company is a party are the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and other similar laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and by general equitable principles (whether enforcement is sought by proceedings in equity or at law).
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(f) Title to Assets. The Company has good and marketable title to all assets owned by Company.
(g) Company Acknowledgement. The Company acknowledges that Buyer is not a broker dealer.
(h) No Violations of Laws. The Company is not in violation of any law, ordinance, rule, regulation, judgment, decree or order of any federal, state or local governmental body or court and/or regulatory or self-regulatory body.
(i) Taxes. All federal, and material state and local tax returns required to be filed by the Company have been filed or properly deferred with the appropriate governmental agencies and all taxes due and payable by the Company have been timely paid. 
(j) Employee Benefit Plans. The term “Plan” means an “employee pension benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3 of Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time (“ERISA”)) which is or has been established or maintained, or to which contributions are or have been made, by the Company. Each Plan and/or employee benefit plan (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA), if any, maintained by the Company complies in all material respects with all applicable requirements of law and regulations and all payments and contributions required to be made with respect to such plans have been timely made.
(k) Federal Laws and Regulations. The Company is not (i) an “investment company” or a company “controlled”, whether directly or indirectly, by an “investment company”, within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended; or (ii) engaged principally, or as one of its important activities, in the business of extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock (within the meaning of Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System).
(l) Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Company ends on December 31 of each year.
(m) Subsidiaries; Etc. All Subsidiaries of the Company and the locations thereof on the Closing Date are set forth in the SEC Reports (as defined below). The SEC Reports set forth, as of the Closing Date, the Company’s jurisdiction of organization and the location of the Company’s executive offices and other places of business. 
(n) Officers and Ownership. As of the date hereof, the Persons set forth in the SEC Reports (i) hold the respective office or offices or position or positions (including director positions if a director) in the Company and (ii) except as may be updated by a subsequent filing of Form 4 or 5, own the percentage of each and every class of issued and outstanding capital stock, other ownership interests and/or securities of the Company and the voting power over said capital stock, other ownership interests and/or securities of the Company.
(o) Rule 506(d) Bad Actor Disqualification Representations and Covenants.
(i) No Disqualification Events. Neither the Company, nor any of its predecessors, affiliates, any manager, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering, any beneficial owner (as that term is defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”)) of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act) connected with the Company in any capacity as of the date of this Agreement and on the Closing Date (each, a “Company Covered Person” and, together, the “Company Covered Persons”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the 1933 Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine (A) the identity of each person that is a Company Covered Person; and (B) whether any Company Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company will comply with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e).
(ii) Other Covered Persons. The Company is not aware of any person (other than any Company Covered Person) who has been or will be paid (directly or indirectly) remuneration in connection with the purchase and sale of the Convertible Notes who is subject to a Disqualification Event (each, an “Other Covered Person”).
(iii) Reasonable Notification Procedures. With respect to each Company Covered Person, the Company has established procedures reasonably designed to ensure that the Company receives notice from each such Company Covered Person of (A) any Disqualification Event relating to that Company Covered Person, and (B) any event that would, with the passage of time, become a Disqualification Event relating to that Company Covered Person, in each case occurring up to and including the Closing Date.
(iv) Notice of Disqualification Events. The Company will notify the Buyer immediately in writing upon becoming aware of (A) any Disqualification Event relating to any Company Covered Person and (B) any event that would, with the passage of time, become a Disqualification Event relating to any Company Covered Person and/or Other Covered Person.
(p) Accuracy of Information, Etc. No statement or information contained in this Agreement, the SEC Reports, any other Transaction Document or any other document, certificate or statement furnished to the Buyer by or on behalf of the Company in writing for use in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and/or the other Transaction Documents contained, as of the date such statement, information, document or certificate was made or furnished, as the case may be, any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained herein or therein, taken as a whole, not materially misleading. There is no fact known to the Company that could have a Material Adverse Effect that has not been expressly disclosed herein and/or the SEC Reports, in the other Transaction Documents, or in any other documents, certificates and statements furnished to the Buyer for use in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and by the other Transaction Documents.
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(q) Solvency. Immediately prior to, and immediately following the Closing Date, after giving effect to the incurrence of all Indebtedness (as defined below) and all other obligations being incurred by the Company pursuant hereto and the other Transaction Documents and the use of the Purchase Price as provided elsewhere herein, the Company is able to pay its obligations in the ordinary course as they come due. 
(r) Affiliate Transactions. Other than as disclosed in the SEC Reports, the Company has not purchased, acquired or leased any property from, or sold, transferred or leased any property to, or entered into any other transaction with (i) any affiliate of the Company, (ii) any officer, director, manager, stockholder or member of the Company or any affiliate of any thereof, or (iii) any member of the immediate family of any of the foregoing, except on terms comparable to the terms that would prevail in an arms-length transaction between unaffiliated third parties. 
(s) Intellectual Property. The Company has, or has rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications, service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property rights and similar rights as described in the SEC Reports as necessary or required for use in connection with its business and which the failure to so have could have a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the “Intellectual Property Rights”). None of, and the Company has not received a notice (written or otherwise) that any of, the Intellectual Property Rights has expired, terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be abandoned. The Company has not received, since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, a written notice of a claim or otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual Property Rights violate or infringe upon the rights of any Person, except as could not have or reasonably be expected to not have a Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company has taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of its intellectual property, except where failure to do so could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. All Intellectual Property Rights of the Company are set forth in the SEC Reports.
(t) [Reserved]
(u) USA Patriot Act. The Company is in compliance, in all material respects, with (i) the Trading with the Enemy Act, as amended, and each of the foreign assets control regulations of the United States Treasury Department (31 C.F.R., Subtitle B, Chapter V, as amended) and any other enabling legislation or executive order relating thereto, and (ii) the USA Patriot Act (Title III of Pub. L. 107-56, signed into law on October 26, 2001) (the “Act”). No part of the proceeds of the Convertible Notes will be used, directly or indirectly, for any payments to any governmental official or employee, political party, official of a political party, candidate for political office, or anyone else acting in an official capacity, in order to obtain, retain or direct business or obtain any improper advantage, in violation of the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.
(v) Foreign Asset Control Laws. The Company is not a Person named on a list published by Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).or a Person with whom dealings are prohibited under any OFAC regulations. 
(w) Indebtedness; Liens, Etc. The Company has no Indebtedness nor any Liens other than as disclosed on Schedule 3(w). For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $50,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $50,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP (as defined below). Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.
(x) [Reserved]. 
(y) [Reserved]. 
(z) Capitalization and Voting Rights. The authorized capital stock of the Company and all securities of the Company issued and outstanding are set forth in the SEC Reports as of the dates reflected therein. All of the outstanding shares of Common Stock and other securities of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued, and are fully paid and nonassessable. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, there are no agreements or arrangements under which the Company is obligated to register the sale of any of the Company’s securities under the 1933 Act. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, no shares of Common Stock and/or other securities of the Company are entitled to preemptive rights and there are no outstanding debt securities and no contracts, commitments, understandings, or arrangements by which the Company is or may become bound to issue additional shares of the capital stock and/or other securities of the Company or options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into or exchangeable for, any shares of capital stock of the Company other than those issued or granted in the ordinary course of business pursuant to the Company’s equity incentive and/or compensatory plans or arrangements. Except for customary transfer restrictions contained in agreements entered into by the Company to sell restricted securities and/or as set forth in the SEC Reports, the Company is not a party to, and it has no knowledge of, any agreement restricting the voting or transfer of any shares of the capital stock and/or other securities of the Company. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, the offer and sale of all capital stock, convertible or exchangeable securities, rights, warrants, options and/or any other securities of the Company when any such securities of the Company were issued complied with all 
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applicable federal and state securities laws, and no current and/or prior holder of any securities of the Company has any right of rescission or damages or any “put” or similar right with respect thereto that would have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, there are no securities or instruments of the Company containing anti-dilution or similar provisions that will be triggered by the issuance and/or sale of the Securities and/or the consummation of the transactions described herein or in any of the other Transaction Documents.
(aa) SEC Reports. The Company is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act and the Company is current in its filing obligations under the 1934 Act, including, without limitation, its filings of Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K (collectively, the “SEC Reports”). The SEC Reports, at the time filed with the SEC, did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any fact necessary to make any statement therein not misleading. All financial statements included in the SEC Reports (the “Financial Statements”) have been prepared, if so required, in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods indicated and with each other, except that unaudited Financial Statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP. The Financial Statements fairly present, in all material respects, the financial condition and operating results of the Company as of the dates, and for the periods, indicated therein, subject in the case of unaudited Financial Statements to normal year-end audit adjustments.
(bb) Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Company is in compliance in all material respects with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof. 
(cc) Arbitration, Absence of Litigation. Other than as disclosed in the SEC Reports, there is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, the Common Stock or any of the Company’s officers or directors or 5% or greater stockholders in their capacities as such. 
(dd) Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Except as provided in Schedule 3(ff), since the date of the latest audited Financial Statements included in the SEC Reports, except as specifically disclosed in a subsequent SEC Report filed with the SEC prior to the date hereof: (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s Financial Statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in SEC Reports pursuant to SEC rules and/or regulations, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company stock option plans. The Company does not have pending before the Commission any request for confidential treatment of information. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement, no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its business, properties, operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least one (1) trading day prior to the date that this representation is made.
(ee) Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided Buyer or its respective agents or counsel with any information that constitutes material, non-public information. The Company understands that Buyer may rely on the Transaction Documents, the information included therein, including, but not limited to, the foregoing representation, and the SEC Reports in purchasing the Convertible Notes. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Buyer in the Transaction Documents and/or in the SEC Reports regarding, among other matters relating to the Company, its business and the transactions contemplated in the Transaction Documents, is true and correct in all material respects as of the date made and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that Buyer has not made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated in the Transaction Documents other than those specifically set forth in Section 2 hereof.
(ff) No Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties set forth in Section 2, neither the Company, nor any of its affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause the issuance and/or sale of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings of securities by the Company for purposes of (i) the 1933 Act that would require the registration of any such Securities and/or any other securities of the Company under the 1933 Act, or (ii) any stockholder-approval provisions of any Eligible Market (as defined below).
(gg) Bankruptcy Status; Indebtedness. The Company has no current intention or expectation to file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one (1) year 
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from the applicable representation date. All outstanding material secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company, or for which the Company has commitments, is set forth in the SEC Reports.
(hh) Regulation M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company. 
(ii) No Consents, Etc. No direct or indirect consent, approval, authorization or similar item is required to be obtained by the Company to enter into this Agreement, the Convertible Notes, and/or the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and to perform or undertake any of the transactions contemplated pursuant to this Agreement, the Convertible Notes, and/or any of the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party.
(jj) Listing of Securities. All Underlying Securities (as defined below) have been approved, if so required, for listing or quotation on the Principal Market (as defined below), subject only to notice of issuance.
(kk) Dilutive Effect. The Company understands and acknowledges that the number of Conversion Shares issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Notes, pursuant to the terms thereof, may increase in certain circumstances. The Company further acknowledges that its obligations to issue Conversion Shares pursuant to the terms of the Convertible Notes in accordance with this Agreement and the Convertible Notes are, in each case, absolute and unconditional regardless of the dilutive effect that any such issuances may have on the percentage ownership interests of other stockholders of the Company.
(ll) Application of Takeover Protections; Rights Agreement. The Company and its board of directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provisions under the Company’s articles of incorporation, as amended, or the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation that are or could become applicable to the Buyer as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and/or the other Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Buyer’s ownership of the Securities. The Company has not adopted a stockholder rights plan or similar arrangement relating to accumulations of beneficial ownership of Common Stock or a change in control of the Company. 
(mm) Manipulation of Price. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result, or that could reasonably be expected to cause or result, in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company.
(nn) DTC Eligible. The Common Stock is DTC (as defined below) eligible and DTC has not placed a “freeze” or a “chill” on the Common Stock and the Company has no reason to believe that DTC has any intention to make the Common Stock not DTC eligible, or place a “freeze” or “chill” on the Common Stock.
(oo) No Delisting from Principal Market. The Common Stock is eligible for quotation on the NYSE American (the “Principal Market”) and the Company has no reason to believe that the Principal Market has any intention of delisting the Common Stock from the Principal Market.
(pp) No General Solicitation. Neither the Company, nor any of its affiliates, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any Person acting on its behalf, has engaged in any form of general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Regulation D) in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities. 
(qq) Acknowledgment Regarding the Buyer’s Purchase of Convertible Notes. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Buyer is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the other Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and that the Buyer is not (i) an officer or director of the Company or (ii) to the knowledge of the Company, an affiliate of the Company. The Company further acknowledges that the Buyer is not acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and any advice given by the Buyer or any of its representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby is merely incidental to the Buyer’s purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to the Buyer that the Company’s decision to enter into the Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation by the Company and its representatives.
(rr) Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. There is no transaction, arrangement, or other relationship between the Company and an unconsolidated or other off-balance sheet entity that is required to be disclosed by the Company in its 1934 Act filings and is not so disclosed or that otherwise would be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(ss) Subsidiary Rights. Except as set forth on Schedule 3(vv), the Company has the unrestricted right to vote, and (subject to limitations imposed by applicable law) to receive dividends and distributions on, all capital securities of its Subsidiaries as owned by the Company or any Subsidiary.
(tt) Internal Accounting and Disclosure Controls. Other than as disclosed in the SEC Reports, the Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset and liability accountability, (iii) access to assets or incurrence of liabilities is permitted only in accordance with management’s 
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general or specific authorization and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets and liabilities is compared with the existing assets and liabilities at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any difference. Other than as disclosed in the SEC Reports, the Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15 under the 1934 Act) that are effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the 1934 Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, including, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the 1934 Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer or officers and its principal financial officer or officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Other than as disclosed in the SEC Reports, during the twelve months prior to the Closing Date, the Company has not received any notice or correspondence from any accountant relating to any material weakness in any part of the system of internal accounting controls of the Company.
4. COVENANTS.
(a) Maintenance of Registration Statement. For so long as any of the Convertible Notes remain outstanding, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to maintain the effectiveness of the Registration Statement for the issuance thereunder of the Conversion Shares, provided that if at any time while the Convertible Notes are outstanding the Company shall be ineligible to utilize Form S-3 (or any successor form) for the purpose of issuance of the Conversion Shares, the Company shall promptly amend the Registration Statement on such other form as may be necessary to maintain the effectiveness of the Registration Statement for this purpose. If at any time following the date hereof the Registration Statement is not effective or is not otherwise available for the issuance of the Conversion Shares or any prospectus contained therein is not available for use, the Company shall immediately notify the holders of the Convertible Notes in writing that the Registration Statement is not then effective or a prospectus contained therein is not available for use and thereafter shall promptly notify such holders when the Registration Statement is effective again and available for the issuance of the Conversion Shares or such prospectus is again available for use.
(b) Amendments to the Registration Statement; Prospectus Supplements; Free Writing Prospectuses.
(i) Except as provided in this Agreement and other than periodic reports required to be filed pursuant to the 1934 Act, the Company shall not file with the SEC any amendment to the Registration Statement that relates to the Buyer, this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby or file with the SEC any Prospectus Supplement that relates to the Buyer, this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby with respect to which (a) the Buyer shall not previously have been advised, (b) the Company shall not have given due consideration to any comments thereon received from the Buyer or its counsel, or (c) the Buyer shall reasonably object after being so advised, unless the Company reasonably has determined that it is necessary to amend the Registration Statement or make any supplement to the Prospectus to comply with the 1933 Act or any other applicable law or regulation, in which case the Company shall promptly (but in no event later than 24 hours) so inform the Buyer, the Buyer shall be provided with a reasonable opportunity to review and comment upon any disclosure relating to the Buyer and the Company shall expeditiously furnish to the Buyer an electronic copy thereof. In addition, for so long as, in the reasonable opinion of counsel for the Buyer, the Prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) is required to be delivered in connection with any acquisition or sale of the Convertible Notes or the Conversion Shares by the Buyer, the Company shall not file any Prospectus Supplement with respect to such securities without delivering or making available a copy of such Prospectus Supplement, together with the Prospectus, to the Buyer promptly.
(ii) The Company has not made, and agrees that unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Buyer it will not make, an offer relating to the Securities that would constitute an “issuer free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 433 promulgated under the 1933 Act (an “Issuer Free Writing Prospectus”) or that would otherwise constitute a “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 promulgated under the 1933 Act (a “Free Writing Prospectus”) required to be filed by the Company or the Buyer with the SEC or retained by the Company or the Buyer under Rule 433 under the 1933 Act. The Buyer has not made, and agrees that unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Company it will not make, an offer relating to the Securities that would constitute a Free Writing Prospectus required to be filed by the Company with the SEC or retained by the Company under Rule 433 under the 1933 Act. Any such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or other Free Writing Prospectus consented to by the Buyer or the Company is referred to in this Agreement as a “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.” The Company agrees that (x) it has treated and will treat, as the case may be, each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and (y) it has complied and will comply, as the case may be, with the requirements of Rules 164 and 433 under the 1933 Act applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including in respect of timely filing with the SEC, legending and record keeping.
(c) Prospectus Delivery. As soon as practicable after execution of this Agreement the Company shall file a Prospectus Supplement with respect to the Securities to be issued on the Closing Date, as required under, and in conformity with, the 1933 Act, including Rule 424(b) thereunder. The Company shall provide the Buyer a reasonable opportunity to comment on a draft of each Prospectus Supplement and any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, shall give due consideration to all such comments and, subject to the provisions of Section 4(b) hereof, shall deliver or make available to the Buyer, without charge, an electronic copy of each form of Prospectus 
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Supplement, together with the Prospectus, and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus on the Closing Date. The Company consents to the use of the Prospectus (and of any Prospectus Supplements thereto) in accordance with the provisions of the 1933 Act and with the securities or “blue sky” laws of the jurisdictions in which the Securities may be sold by the Buyer, in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities and for such period of time thereafter as the Prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) is required by the 1933 Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Securities. If during such period of time any event shall occur that in the judgment of the Company and its counsel is required to be set forth in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or should be set forth therein in order to make the statements made therein (in the case of the Prospectus, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, or if it is necessary to amend the Registration Statement or supplement or amend the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus to comply with the 1933 Act or any other applicable law or regulation, the Company shall forthwith prepare and, subject to Section 4(b) above, file with the SEC an appropriate amendment to the Registration Statement or Prospectus Supplement to the Prospectus (or supplement to the Permitted Free Writing Prospectus) and shall expeditiously furnish or make available to the Buyer an electronic copy thereof.
(d) Stop Orders. The Company shall advise the Buyer as soon as practicable and shall confirm such advice in writing: (i) of the Company’s receipt of notice of any request by the SEC for amendment of or a supplement to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or for any additional information; (ii) of the Company’s receipt of notice of the issuance by the SEC of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or prohibiting or suspending the use of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, or of the suspension of qualification of the Convertible Notes for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or the initiation or contemplated initiation of any proceeding for such purpose; (iii) of the Company becoming aware of the happening of any event, which makes any statement of a material fact made in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus untrue or which requires the making of any additions to or changes to the statements then made in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus in order to state a material fact required by the 1933 Act to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements then made therein (in the case of the Prospectus, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, or of the necessity to amend the Registration Statement or supplement the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus to comply with the 1933 Act or any other law or (iv) if at any time following the date hereof the Registration Statement is not effective or is not otherwise available for the issuance of the Conversion Shares or any Prospectus contained therein is not available for use for any other reason. The Company shall not be required to disclose to the Buyer the substance or specific reasons of any of the events set forth in clauses (i) through (iv) of the immediately preceding sentence, but rather, shall only be required to disclose that the event has occurred. Thereafter, the Company shall promptly notify such holders when the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus and/or any amendment or supplement thereto, as applicable, is effective and available for the issuance of the Conversion Shares. If at any time the SEC shall issue any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or prohibiting or suspending the use of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain the withdrawal of such order at the earliest possible time.
(e) Blue Sky. The Company, on or before the Closing Date, shall take such action as the Company shall reasonably determine is necessary in order to obtain an exemption for, or to, qualify the Securities for sale to the Buyer at Closing pursuant to this Agreement under applicable securities or “blue sky” laws of the states of the United States (or to obtain an exemption from such qualification), and shall provide evidence of any such action so taken to the Buyer on or prior to the Closing Date. Without limiting any other obligation of the Company under this Agreement, the Company shall timely make all filings and reports relating to the offer and sale of the Securities required under all applicable securities laws (including, without limitation, all applicable federal securities laws and all applicable “blue sky” laws), and the Company shall comply with all applicable federal, state and local laws, statutes, rules, regulations and the like relating to the offering and sale of the Securities to the Buyer.
(f) Reporting Status. Until the date on which no Convertible Notes are outstanding (the “Reporting Period”), the Company shall timely file (or obtain an extension in respect thereof and file within such extension period) all reports required to be filed with the SEC pursuant to the 1934 Act, and the Company shall not terminate its status as an issuer required to file reports under the 1934 Act even if the 1934 Act or the rules and regulations thereunder would no longer require such reports or would otherwise permit such termination.
(g) Use of Proceeds. The Company will use the proceeds from the sale of the Securities for general corporate purposes.
(h) Financial Information. The Company agrees to send the following to the Buyer during the Reporting Period, unless filed with the SEC through EDGAR and are available to the public through the EDGAR system, (i) within two (2) business days after the filing thereof with the SEC, a copy of its Annual Reports on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, any interim reports or any consolidated balance sheets, income statements, stockholders’ equity statements and/or cash flow statements for any period other than annual, any Current Reports on Form 8-K and any registration statements (other than on Form S-8) or amendments filed pursuant to the 1933 Act, (ii) on the same day as the release thereof, facsimile copies of all press releases issued by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (iii) copies of any notices and other information made available or given to the stockholders of the Company generally, contemporaneously with the making available or giving thereof to the stockholders.
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(i) Listing. The Company shall promptly (but in no event later than the Closing Date) secure the listing or designation for quotation (as the case may be) of all of the Underlying Securities upon each national securities exchange and automated quotation system, if any, upon which the Common Stock is then listed or designated for quotation (as the case may be) (subject to official notice of issuance) and shall use reasonable best efforts to maintain such listing or designation for quotation (as the case may be) of all Underlying Securities from time to time issuable under the terms of the Transaction Documents on such national securities exchange or automated quotation system. The Company shall use reasonable best efforts to maintain the Common Stock’s listing or authorization for quotation (as the case may be) on the OTC Bulletin Board, The NASDAQ Global Market, The NASDAQ Global Select Market, The NASDAQ Capital Market, the New York Stock Exchange, NYSE Arca, the NYSE American, or the OTCQX Marketplace, the OTCQB Marketplace, the OTCPink Marketplace or any other tier operated by OTC Markets Group Inc. (or any successor to any of the foregoing) (each, an “Eligible Market”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall take any action which could be reasonably expected to result in the delisting or suspension of the Common Stock on an Eligible Market. The Company shall pay all fees and expenses in connection with satisfying its obligations under this Section 4(i). “Underlying Securities” means the (i) Conversion Shares, and (ii) any capital stock of the Company issued or issuable with respect to the Conversion Shares, or the Convertible Notes, respectively, including, without limitation, (1) as a result of any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, exchange or similar event or otherwise and (2) shares of capital stock of the Company into which the shares of Common Stock are converted or exchanged and shares of capital stock of a successor entity into which the shares of Common Stock are converted or exchanged, in each case, without regard to any limitations on conversion of the Convertible Notes.
(j) Fees. The Company shall pay on the Closing Date all expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Company under this Agreement, including, but not limited to: (a) all filing fees and communication expenses relating to the registration of the Securities with the SEC; (b) the fees and expenses of the Buyer’s legal counsel and other agents and representatives, not to exceed $35,000; (c) all fees and expenses relating to the listing of all such Common Stock underlying the Securities on the Principal Market and such other stock exchanges as the Company determines; (d) all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to the registration or qualification of the Securities under the “blue sky” securities laws of such states and other jurisdictions as the Company may reasonably designate; (e) all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to the registration, qualification or exemption of the Securities under the securities laws of such foreign jurisdictions as the Company may reasonably designate; (f) the costs of all mailing and printing of the placement documents, Registration Statements, Prospectuses and all amendments, supplements and exhibits thereto and as many preliminary and final Prospectuses as the Company may reasonably deem necessary; (g) the costs and expenses of the Company’s financial public relations firm; (h) the costs of preparing, printing and delivering certificates representing the Securities; (i) fees and expenses of the Company’s Transfer Agent or DTC (as defined below); (j) the fees and expenses of the Company’s accountants; and (k) the fees and expenses of the Company’s legal counsel and other agents and representatives. Such fees may be withheld at the request of the Company from the Purchase Price at the Closing. The Company shall pay, and hold the Buyer harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees and out-of-pocket expenses) arising in connection with any claim relating to payment relating to subpart (i) above. Except as otherwise set forth in the Transaction Documents, each party to this Agreement shall bear its own expenses in connection with the sale of the Securities to the Buyer.
(k Pledge of Securities. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company acknowledges and agrees that the Securities may be pledged by the Buyer in connection with a bona fide margin agreement or other loan or financing arrangement that is secured by the Securities. The pledge of Securities shall not be deemed to be a transfer, sale or assignment of the Securities hereunder, and the Buyer affecting a pledge of Securities shall not be required to provide the Company with any notice thereof or otherwise make any delivery to the Company pursuant to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document. The Company hereby agrees to execute and deliver such documentation as a pledgee of the Securities may reasonably request in connection with a pledge of the Securities to such pledgee by a Buyer, at the sole cost and expense of the Buyer.
(l) Disclosure of Transactions and Other Material Information. The Company shall, within the time required under the 1934 Act, file a Current Report on Form 8-K describing all the material terms of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents in the form required by the 1934 Act and attaching all the material Transaction Documents (including, without limitation, this Agreement (including all attachments, the “8-K Filing”). From and after the filing of the 8-K Filing, the Company shall have disclosed all material, non-public information (if any) delivered to the Buyer by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective upon the filing of the 8-K Filing, the Company acknowledges and agrees that any and all confidentiality or similar obligations under any agreement with respect to the transactions contemplated under the Transaction Documents, whether written or oral, between the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, affiliates, employees or agents, on the one hand, and the Buyer or any of their affiliates, on the other hand, shall terminate. In the event of a breach of any of the foregoing covenants by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees and agents (as determined in the reasonable good faith judgment of the Buyer), in addition to any other remedy provided herein or in the Transaction Documents, the Buyer shall have the right to make a public disclosure, in the form of a press release, public advertisement or otherwise, of such material, non-public information, as applicable, without the prior approval by 
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the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees or agents; provided the Buyer shall have first provided written notice to the Company that it believes it has received information that constitutes material, non-public information, the Company shall have at least 48 hours to publicly disclose such material, non-public information prior to any such disclosure by the Buyer or demonstrate to the Buyer in writing why such information does not constitute material, non-public information, and (assuming the Buyer and Buyer’s counsel disagree with the Company’s determination) the Company shall have failed to publicly disclose such material, non-public information within such time period. No Buyer shall have any liability to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees, stockholders or agents, for any such disclosure. To the extent that the Company delivers any material, non-public information to a Buyer without such Buyer’s consent, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that such Buyer shall not have any duty of confidentiality with respect to, or a duty not to trade on the basis of, such material, non-public information. Subject to the foregoing, neither the Company, its Subsidiaries nor Buyer shall issue any press releases or any other public statements with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby; provided, however, the Company shall be entitled, without the prior approval of Buyer, to make any press release or other public disclosure with respect to such transactions (i) in substantial conformity with the 8-K Filing and contemporaneously therewith and (ii) as is required by applicable law and regulations (provided that in the case of clause (i) Buyer shall be consulted by the Company in connection with any such press release or other public disclosure prior to its release). Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary and without implication that the contrary would otherwise be true, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that Buyer has not had, and Buyer shall not have (unless expressly agreed to by Buyer after the date hereof in a written definitive and binding agreement executed by the Company and Buyer), any duty of confidentiality with respect to, or a duty not to trade on the basis of, any material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(m) Reservation of Shares. 
(i) So long as any of the Convertible Notes remain outstanding, the Company shall take all action necessary to at all times have authorized, and reserved for the purpose of issuance, shares of Common Stock in an amount no less than the Required Reserve Amount. If at any time the number of shares of Common Stock authorized and reserved for issuance is not sufficient to meet the Required Reserved Amount, the Company will promptly take all corporate action necessary to authorize and reserve a sufficient number of shares, including, without limitation, calling a special meeting of stockholders to authorize additional shares to meet the Company’s obligations pursuant to the Transaction Documents, in the case of an insufficient number of authorized shares, obtaining stockholder approval of an increase in such authorized number of shares, and voting the management shares of the Company in favor of an increase in the authorized shares of the Company to ensure that the number of authorized shares is sufficient to meet the Required Reserved Amount. 
(ii) The Company shall: (i) in the time and manner required by the Principal Market, prepare and file with such Principal Market an additional shares listing application covering a number of shares of Common Stock at least equal to the Required Reserve Amount on the date of such application; (ii) take all steps necessary to cause such shares of Common Stock to be approved for listing or quotation on such Principal Market as soon as possible thereafter; (iii) provide to the Purchasers evidence of such listing or quotation; and (iv) maintain the listing or quotation of such Common Stock on any date at least equal to the Required Reserve Amount on such date on such Principal Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer. 
(n) Conduct of Business. The business of the Company and its Subsidiaries shall not be conducted in violation of any law, ordinance or regulation of any Governmental Entity (as defined below), except where such violations would not reasonably be expected to result, either individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect. “Governmental Entity” means any (i) nation, state, county, city, town, village, district, or other political jurisdiction of any nature; (ii) federal, state, local, municipal, foreign, or other government; (iii) governmental or quasi-governmental authority of any nature (including any governmental agency, branch, department, official, or entity and any court or other tribunal); (iv) multi-national organization or body; or (v) body exercising, or entitled to exercise, any administrative, executive, judicial, legislative, police, regulatory, or taxing authority or power of any nature or instrumentality of any of the foregoing, including any entity or enterprise owned or controlled by a government or a public international organization or any of the foregoing.
(o) Passive Foreign Investment Company. The Company shall conduct its business in such a manner as will ensure that the Company will not be deemed to constitute a passive foreign investment company within the meaning of Section 1297 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
(p) Conversion Procedures. The form of Notice of Conversion included in the Convertible Notes sets forth the totality of the procedures required the Buyer in order to convert the Convertible Notes. No legal opinion, other information or instructions shall be required of the Buyer to convert its Convertible Notes. The Company shall honor conversions of the Convertible Notes and shall deliver the Conversion Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods set forth in the Convertible Notes.
(q) No Short Sales. From the date of this Agreement until such time as the Buyer no longer holds any Securities, neither the Buyer nor any of its agents, representatives or affiliates nor any entity managed or controlled by the Buyer (collectively, the “Restricted Persons” and each of the foregoing is referred to herein as a “Restricted 
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Person”) shall maintain, in the aggregate, a Short Position. For purposes hereof, a “Short Position” by a Restricted Person means a position whereby such Restricted Person has executed one or more sales of Common Stock that is marked as a short sale (but not including any sale marked “short exempt”) and that is executed at a time when such Restricted Person does not have an equivalent offsetting long position in the Common Stock (or is deemed to have a long position hereunder or otherwise in accordance with Regulation SHO under the 1934 Act); provided, further that no “short sale” shall be deemed to exist as a result of any failure by the Company (or its agents) to deliver Conversion Shares, upon conversion of the Convertible Notes, to any Restricted Person exercising such Convertible Notes, as applicable. For purposes of determining whether a Restricted Person has an equivalent offsetting long position in the Common Stock, such Restricted Person shall be deemed to hold “long” all Common Stock that is either (i) then owned by such Restricted Person, if any, or (ii) then issuable to such Restricted Person as Conversion Shares pursuant to the terms of the Convertible Notes then held by such Restricted Person, if any, (without regard to any limitations on conversion set forth in the Convertible Notes and giving effect to any conversion price adjustments that would take effect given only the passage of time). Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing contained herein shall (without implication that the contrary would otherwise be true) prohibit any Restricted Person from selling “long” (as defined under Rule 200 promulgated under Regulation SHO under the 1934 Act) the Securities or any other Common Stock then owned by such Restricted Person.
 
5. REGISTER; TRANSFER AGENT INSTRUCTIONS; LEGEND.
(a) Register. The Company shall maintain at its principal executive offices (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice to each holder of Securities), a register for the Convertible Notes in which the Company shall record the name and address of the Person in whose name the Convertible Notes have been issued (including the name and address of each transferee), the number of the Convertible Notes held by such Person and the number of Conversion Shares issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Notes. The Company shall keep the register open and available at all times during business hours for inspection of Buyer or its legal representatives.
(b) Transfer Agent Instructions. The Company shall issue irrevocable instructions to EQ Shareholder Services (together with any subsequent transfer agent, the “Transfer Agent”) in the form previously provided to the Company (the “Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions”) to issue certificates or credit shares to the applicable balance accounts at Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), as applicable, registered in the name of Buyer or its respective nominee(s), for the Securities in such amounts as specified from time to time by Buyer to the Company upon delivery of the Convertible Notes, conversion of the Convertible Notes, or issuance pursuant to the Convertible Notes (as the case may be). The Company represents and warrants that no instruction other than the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions referred to in this Section 5(b) will be given by the Company to the Transfer Agent with respect to the Securities, and that the Securities shall otherwise be freely transferable on the books and records of the Company. If Buyer effects a sale, assignment or transfer of the Securities, the Company shall permit the transfer and shall promptly instruct the Transfer Agent to issue one or more certificates or credit shares to the applicable balance accounts at DTC in such name and in such denominations as specified by Buyer to effect such sale, transfer or assignment. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Buyer. Accordingly, the Company acknowledges that the remedy at law for a breach of its obligations under this Section 5(b) will be inadequate and agrees, in the event of a breach or threatened breach by the Company of the provisions of this Section 5(b), that Buyer shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an order and/or injunction restraining any breach and requiring immediate issuance and transfer, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. The Company shall cause its counsel to issue the legal opinion referred to in the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions to the Transfer Agent to the extent required or requested by the Transfer Agent. Any fees (with respect to the Transfer Agent, counsel to the Company or otherwise) associated with the issuance of such opinion shall be borne by the Company.
(c) Legends. Certificates and any other instruments evidencing the Convertible Notes and the Conversion Shares shall not bear any restrictive or other legend, except as may be specified in the Convertible Notes.
6. CLOSING CONDITIONS.
(a) Conditions of Buyer’s Obligations. With respect to the Closing, the obligations of the Buyer to purchase and pay for the Convertible Notes, as provided herein, shall be subject to (i) the continuing accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date; (ii) the accuracy of the statements of officers of the Company made pursuant to the provisions hereof; (iii) the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder; and (iv) the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Sections 6(b) through 6(e) hereof.
(b) Regulatory Matters.
(i) Effectiveness of Registration Statement; Rule 430B Information. The Registration Statement has been declared effective by the SEC under the 1933 Act and, at the Closing Date, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto has been issued under the 1933 Act, no order preventing or suspending the use of any preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus has been issued and no proceedings for any of those purposes have been instituted or are pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, contemplated by the SEC. The Company has complied with each request (if any) from the SEC for additional information. The Prospectus containing the Rule 430B Information shall have been filed with the SEC in the manner and within the time frame required by Rule 424(b) (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8)) or a post-effective 
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amendment providing such information shall have been filed with, and declared effective by, the SEC in accordance with the requirements of Rule 430B.
(iii) Principal Market Clearance. On the Closing Date, the Company’s shares of Common Stock shall have been approved for listing on the Principal Market, subject only to official notice of issuance.
(iv) No Integrated Offering. Neither the Company nor any of its officers, directors, employees or affiliates shall have made or shall be making any offer or sale of any securities which are required to be “integrated” pursuant to the 1933 Act (or the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder) with the offer and sale of the Convertible Notes.
(d) No Event of Default. On the Closing Date, no Event of Default (as defined in the Convertible Notes) shall have occurred that has not been cured within the applicable time period set forth in the Convertible Notes.
(e) Transfer Agent Instructions. On the Closing Date, the Company shall have delivered to the Buyer a copy of the irrevocable instructions to the Transfer Agent referred to in Section 5(b).
7. TERMINATION.
In the event that the Closing shall not have occurred with respect to the Buyer within three (3) business days after the Closing Date contemplated in Section 1(b) hereof, then either the Company or Buyer, by written notice, shall have the right to terminate its obligations under this Agreement with respect to itself at any time on or after the close of business on such date without liability of any party to any other party; provided, however, (i) the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section 7 shall not be available to any party if the failure of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement to have been consummated by such date is the result of such party’s breach of this Agreement and (ii) the abandonment of the sale and purchase of the Convertible Notes shall be applicable only to Buyer providing such written notice. Nothing contained in this Section 7 shall be deemed to release any party from any liability for any breach by such party of the terms and provisions of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents or to impair the right of any party to compel specific performance by any other party of its obligations under this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents.
8. MISCELLANEOUS.
(a) Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Jury Trial. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Agreement shall be governed by the internal laws of the State of Nevada without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of Nevada or any other jurisdictions) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of Nevada. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in Clarke County, Nevada , for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or under any of the other Transaction Documents or with any transaction contemplated hereby or thereby, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof to such party at the address for such notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO, AND AGREES NOT TO REQUEST, A JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR UNDER ANY OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENT OR IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT, ANY OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY.
(b) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more identical counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by an e-mail which contains a portable document format (.pdf) file of an executed signature page, such signature page shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such signature page were an original thereof.
(c) Headings; Gender. The headings of this Agreement are for convenience of reference and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Agreement. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, each pronoun herein shall be deemed to include the masculine, feminine, neuter, singular and plural forms thereof. The terms “including,” “includes,” “include” and words of like import shall be construed broadly as if followed by the words “without limitation.” The terms “herein,” “hereunder,” “hereof” and words of like import refer to this entire Agreement instead of just the provision in which they are found.
(d) Severability; Maximum Payment Amount. If any provision of this Agreement is prohibited by law or otherwise determined to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the provision that would otherwise be prohibited, invalid or unenforceable shall be deemed amended to apply to the broadest extent that it would be valid and enforceable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of such provision shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this Agreement so long as this Agreement as so modified continues to express, without material change, the original intentions of the parties hereto as to the subject matter hereof and the prohibited nature, invalidity or unenforceability of the provision(s) in question does not substantially impair the respective expectations or reciprocal obligations of the parties hereto or the practical realization of the benefits that would otherwise be conferred upon the parties hereto. The parties hereto will endeavor in good faith negotiations to 
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replace the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s) with a valid provision(s), the effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document (and without implication that the following is required or applicable), it is the intention of the parties hereto that in no event shall amounts and value paid by the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries (as the case may be), or payable to or received by the Buyer, under the Transaction Documents (including without limitation, any amounts that would be characterized as “interest” under applicable law) exceed amounts permitted under any applicable law. Accordingly, if any obligation to pay, payment made to Buyer, or collection by Buyer pursuant to the Transaction Documents is finally judicially determined to be contrary to any such applicable law, such obligation to pay, payment or collection shall be deemed to have been made by mutual mistake of Buyer, the Company and its Subsidiaries and such amount shall be deemed to have been adjusted with retroactive effect to the maximum amount or rate of interest, as the case may be, as would not be so prohibited by the applicable law. Such adjustment shall be effected, to the extent necessary, by reducing or refunding, at the option of Buyer, the amount of interest or any other amounts which would constitute unlawful amounts required to be paid or actually paid to Buyer under the Transaction Documents. For greater certainty, to the extent that any interest, charges, fees, expenses or other amounts required to be paid to or received by Buyer under any of the Transaction Documents or related thereto are held to be within the meaning of “interest” or another applicable term to otherwise be violative of applicable law, such amounts shall be pro-rated over the period of time to which they relate.
(e) Entire Agreement; Amendments. This Agreement, the other Transaction Documents and the schedules and exhibits attached hereto and thereto and the instruments referenced herein and therein supersede all other prior oral or written agreements between the Buyer, the Company, their respective affiliates and Persons acting on their behalf solely with respect to the matters contained herein and therein, and this Agreement, the other Transaction Documents, the schedules and exhibits attached hereto and thereto and the instruments referenced herein and therein contain the entire understanding of such parties solely with respect to the matters covered herein and therein; provided, however, nothing contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document shall (or shall be deemed to) (i) have any effect on any agreements Buyer has entered into with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the date hereof with respect to any prior investment made by Buyer in the Company or (ii) waive, alter, modify or amend in any respect any obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any rights of or benefits to Buyer or any other Person, in any agreement entered into prior to the date hereof between or among the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries and Buyer and all such agreements shall continue in full force and effect. Except as specifically set forth herein or the other Transaction Documents, neither the Company nor Buyer makes any representation, warranty, covenant or undertaking with respect to such matters. For clarification purposes, the Recitals are part of this Agreement. No provision of this Agreement may be amended other than by an instrument in writing signed by the Company and the Buyer. No waiver shall be effective unless it is in writing and signed by an authorized representative of the waiving party. No consideration shall be offered or paid to any Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of any of the Transaction Documents unless the same consideration also is offered to all of the parties to the Transaction Documents or all holders of Convertible Notes (as the case may be). The Company has not, directly or indirectly, made any agreements with Buyer relating to the terms or conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents except as set forth in the Transaction Documents. Without limiting the foregoing, the Company confirms that, except as set forth in this Agreement, Buyer has not made any commitment or promise or has any other obligation to provide any financing to the Company, any Subsidiary or otherwise. As a material inducement for Buyer to enter into this Agreement, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no due diligence or other investigation or inquiry conducted by Buyer, any of its advisors or any of its representatives shall affect Buyer’s right to rely on, or shall modify or qualify in any manner or be an exception to any of, the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, (ii) nothing contained in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement shall affect Buyer’s right to rely on, or shall modify or qualify in any manner or be an exception to any of, the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document and (iii) unless a provision of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document is expressly preceded by the phrase “except as disclosed in the SEC Reports,” nothing contained in any of the SEC Reports shall affect Buyer’s right to rely on, or shall modify or qualify in any manner or be an exception to any of, the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document.
(f) Notices. Any notices, consents, waivers or other communications required or permitted to be given under the terms of this Agreement must be in writing and will be deemed to have been delivered: (i) upon receipt, when delivered personally; (ii) upon receipt, when sent by facsimile or email (provided confirmation of transmission is mechanically or electronically generated and kept on file by the sending party); or (iii) one (1) business day after deposit with an overnight courier service with next day delivery specified, in each case, properly addressed to the party to receive the same. The addresses and facsimile numbers for such communications shall be:


If to the Company:
Comstock Inc.
117 American Flat Road
Virginia City, Nevada 89440


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Attn: Corrado DeGasperis, Executive Chairman & Chief Executive Officer
Email: degasperis@comstockinc.com


If to a Buyer:


Ionic Ventures, LLC
3053 Fillmore St, Suite 256
San Francisco, CA 94123
Attn: Brendan O’Neil, Managing Member
Email: Brendan@ionicventures.com


or to such other address, facsimile number and/or email address and/or to the attention of such other Person as the recipient party has specified by written notice given to each other party five (5) days prior to the effectiveness of such change. Written confirmation of receipt (A) given by the recipient of such notice, consent, waiver or other communication, (B) mechanically or electronically generated by the sender’s facsimile machine or computer containing the time, date, recipient facsimile number or email address and an image of the first page of such transmission or (C) provided by an overnight courier service shall be rebuttable evidence of personal service, receipt by facsimile or email or receipt from an overnight courier service in accordance with clause (i), (ii) or (iii) above, respectively.
(g) Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns, including, as contemplated below, any assignee of any of the Securities. The Company shall not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Buyer, including, without limitation, by way of a Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the Convertible Notes) (unless the Company is in compliance with the applicable provisions governing Fundamental Transactions set forth in the Convertible Notes). Buyer may assign some or all of its rights hereunder in connection with any transfer of any of its Securities without the consent of the Company, provided that such assignee agrees in writing to be bound with respect to the transferred Securities, in which event such assignee shall be deemed to be a “Buyer” hereunder with respect to such assigned rights.
(h) No Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, other than the Indemnitees referred to in Section 8(k).
(i) Survival. The representations, warranties, agreements and covenants of the Company and the Buyer shall survive Closing. Buyer shall be responsible only for its own representations, warranties, agreements and covenants hereunder.
(j) Further Assurances. Each party shall do and perform, or cause to be done and performed, all such further acts and things, and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents, as any other party may reasonably request in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
(k) Indemnification.
(i) In consideration of Buyer’s execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and acquiring the Securities thereunder and in addition to all of the Company’s other obligations under the Transaction Documents, the Company shall defend, protect, indemnify and hold harmless Buyer and all of its stockholders, partners, members, officers, directors, employees and direct or indirect investors and any of the foregoing Persons’ agents or other representatives (including, without limitation, those retained in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement) (collectively, the “Indemnitees”) from and against any and all actions, causes of action, suits, claims, losses, costs, penalties, fees, liabilities and damages, and expenses in connection therewith (irrespective of whether any such Indemnitee is a party to the action for which indemnification hereunder is sought), and including reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements (the “Indemnified Liabilities”), incurred by any Indemnitee as a result of, or arising out of, or relating to (x) any misrepresentation or breach of any representation or warranty made by the Company or any Subsidiary in any of the Transaction Documents, (y) any breach of any covenant, agreement or obligation of the Company or any Subsidiary contained in any of the Transaction Documents or (z) any cause of action, suit, proceeding or claim brought or made against such Indemnitee by a third party (including for these purposes a derivative action brought on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary) or which otherwise involves such Indemnitee that arises out of or results from (A) the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents, (B) any transaction financed or to be financed in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, with the proceeds of the issuance of the Securities, (C) any disclosure properly made by Buyer pursuant to Section 4(l), or (D) the status of Buyer either as an investor in the Company pursuant to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents or as a party to this Agreement (including, without limitation, as a party in interest or otherwise in any action or proceeding for injunctive or other equitable relief); provided, however, that the indemnity contained in clause (z) above shall not apply to any Indemnified Liabilities which result from the fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct of an Indemnitee. To the extent that the foregoing undertaking by the Company may 
15










be unenforceable for any reason, the Company shall make the maximum contribution to the payment and satisfaction of each of the Indemnified Liabilities which is permissible under applicable law.
(ii) Promptly after receipt by an Indemnitee under this Section 8(k) of notice of the commencement of any action or proceeding (including any governmental action or proceeding) involving an Indemnified Liability, such Indemnitee shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the Company under this Section 8(k), deliver to the Company a written notice of the commencement thereof, and the Company shall have the right to participate in, and, to the extent the Company so desires, to assume control of the defense thereof with counsel mutually satisfactory to the Company and the Indemnitee; provided, however, that an Indemnitee shall have the right to retain its own counsel with the fees and expenses of such counsel to be paid by the Company if: (x) the Company has agreed in writing to pay such fees and expenses; (y) the Company shall have failed after a reasonable period of time to assume the defense of such Indemnified Liability and to employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnitee in any such Indemnified Liability; or (z) the named parties to any such Indemnified Liability (including any impleaded parties) include both such Indemnitee and the Company, and such Indemnitee shall have been advised by counsel, in its reasonable opinion, that a material conflict of interest on any material issue is likely to exist if the same counsel were to represent such Indemnitee and the Company (in which case, if such Indemnitee notifies the Company in writing that it elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the Company, then the Company shall not have the right to assume the defense thereof and such counsel shall be at the expense of the Company); provided further, that in the case of clauses (x), (y) and (z) above the Company shall not be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of more than one (1) separate legal counsel for such Indemnitee. The Indemnitee shall reasonably cooperate with the Company in connection with any negotiation or defense of any such action or Indemnified Liability by the Company and shall furnish to the Company all information reasonably available to the Indemnitee which relates to such action or Indemnified Liability. The Company shall keep the Indemnitee reasonably apprised at all times as to the status of the defense or any settlement negotiations with respect thereto. The Company shall not be liable for any settlement of any action, claim or proceeding effected without its prior written consent, provided, however, that the Company shall not unreasonably withhold, delay or condition its consent. The Company shall not, without the prior written consent of the Indemnitee, consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement or other compromise which does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such Indemnitee of a release from all liability in respect to such Indemnified Liability or litigation, and such settlement shall not include any admission as to fault on the part of the Indemnitee. Following indemnification as provided for hereunder, the Company shall be subrogated to all rights of the Indemnitee with respect to all third parties, firms or corporations relating to the matter for which indemnification has been made. The failure to deliver written notice to the Company within a reasonable time of the commencement of any such action shall not relieve the Company of any liability to the Indemnitee under this Section 8(k), except to the extent that the Company is materially and adversely prejudiced in its ability to defend such action.
(iii) The indemnification required by this Section 8(k) shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or Indemnified Liabilities are incurred.
(iv) The indemnity agreement contained herein shall be in addition to (A) any cause of action or similar right of the Indemnitee against the Company or others, and (B) any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to the law.
(l) Construction. The language used in this Agreement will be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party. No specific representation or warranty shall limit the generality or applicability of a more general representation or warranty. Each and every reference to share prices, shares of Common Stock and any other numbers in this Agreement that relate to the Common Stock shall be automatically adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar transactions that occur with respect to the Common Stock after the date of this Agreement. It is expressly understood and agreed that for all purposes of this Agreement, and without implication that the contrary would otherwise be true, neither transactions nor purchases nor sales shall include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock.
(m) Remedies. Buyer, and in the event of assignment by Buyer of its rights and obligations hereunder, each assignee of Securities, shall have all rights and remedies set forth in the Transaction Documents and all of the rights which such holders have under any law. Any Person having any rights under any provision of this Agreement shall be entitled to enforce such rights specifically (without posting a bond or other security), to recover damages by reason of any breach of any provision of this Agreement and to exercise all other rights granted by law. Furthermore, the Company recognizes that in the event that it or any Subsidiary fails to perform, observe, or discharge any or all of its or such Subsidiary’s (as the case may be) obligations under the Transaction Documents, any remedy at law may prove to be inadequate relief to the Buyer. The Company therefore agrees that the Buyer shall be entitled to seek specific performance and/or temporary, preliminary and permanent injunctive or other equitable relief from any court of competent jurisdiction in any such case without the necessity of proving actual damages and without posting a bond or other security. The remedies provided in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Agreement and 
16










the other Transaction Documents, at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief).
(n) Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) the Transaction Documents, whenever Buyer exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then Buyer may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights.
(o) Payment Set Aside; Currency. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to Buyer hereunder or pursuant to any of the other Transaction Documents or the Buyers enforces or exercises its rights hereunder or thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, foreign, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred. Unless otherwise expressly indicated, all dollar amounts referred to in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents are in United States Dollars (“U.S. Dollars”), and all amounts owing under this Agreement and all other Transaction Documents shall be paid in U.S. Dollars. All amounts denominated in other currencies (if any) shall be converted into the U.S. Dollar equivalent amount in accordance with the Exchange Rate on the date of calculation. “Exchange Rate” means, in relation to any amount of currency to be converted into U.S. Dollars pursuant to this Agreement, the U.S. Dollar exchange rate as published in the Wall Street Journal on the relevant date of calculation.






[Signature pages follow]


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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Buyer and the Company have caused their respective signature page to this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first written above. 


												
		Comstock Inc.	
				
		By:	/s/ Corrado DeGasperis	
		Name:	Corrado DeGasperis	
		Title:	Executive Chairman & CEO	




												
			
				
				
				
				






[SIGNATURE PAGES TO SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT]




IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.


Name of Buyer: Ionic Ventures, LLC
Signature of Authorized Signatory of Buyer: /s/ Brendan O'Neil
Name of Authorized Signatory: Brendan O'Neil


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DISCLOSURE SCHEDULES
Schedule 3(a)
Subsidiaries


(1) Comstock Fuels Corporation, a Nevada corporation


(2) Comstock Metals Corporation, a Nevada corporation that owns of 90% of LINICO Corporation


(3) Comstock Engineering Corporation, a California Corporation, formerly known as Renewable Process Solutions Inc.


(4) Comstock Innovations Corporation, a Delaware Corporation, formerly known as Plain Sight Innovations Corporation


(5) Comstock IP Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, formerly known as Plain Sight Innovations LLC


(6) Comstock Exploration and Development LLC, a Nevada limited liability company


(7) Comstock Northern Exploration LLC, a Nevada limited liability company


(8) Comstock Processing LLC, a Nevada limited liability company


(9) Comstock Royalty Holdings LLC, a Nevada limited liability company


(10) Comstock Real Estate Inc., a Nevada corporation formerly known as Gold Hill Hotel, Inc.


(11) Comstock Industrial LLC, a Nevada limited liability company


(12) Downtown Silver Springs LLC, a Nevada limited liability company


(13) Mana Corporation, an Oklahoma Public Benefit Corporation


(14) Comstock Mining LLC, a Nevada limited liability company.


(15) LINICO Corporation, a Nevada corporation.






Schedule 3(x)
Indebtedness and Liens


Debt at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consisted of the following:
 
																																				
												
		09/30/22		12/31/21
	GHF Secured Promissory Note – 6% interest, due December 15, 2024	$	4,290,000 			$	5,000,000 	
	Less: debt discounts and issuance costs	(402,067)			(513,744)	
	Total debt, net of discounts and issuance costs	$	3,887,933 			$	4,486,256 	




GHF, Inc. Unsecured Promissory Notes


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We entered into a long-term promissory note ("GHF 2021 Note") with GHF, Inc. on December 15, 2021, with a principal amount of $5,000,000, of which $4,550,000 was funded and $450,000 was an original issue discount ("OID"). The full principal is due on December 15, 2024. Interest is payable monthly at a rate of 6% annually. Prepayment is allowed in full or in part at any time without premium or penalty. The loan is secured by all non-mining related assets of the Company, Silver Springs land and water rights, and the Daney Ranch, excluding the Lucerne and Dayton properties. The Company is required to prepay the promissory note with any net cash proceeds received in the sale of any collateral. If the promissory note has not been paid in full on or prior to December 15, 2022, the Company will issue warrants to GHF allowing them to purchase 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, half of which are exercisable at a price per share of 150% of the 20-day volume weighted average closing price (“VWAP”) of the Company’s common stock on its primary trading market for the 20 consecutive trading days preceding December 15, 2021, and the remainder at a price per share of 135% of the 20-day VWAP as determined on December 15, 2022. At December 31, 2021, the warrants were valued at $70,879.


On August 22, 2022, the Company amended the GHF promissory note’s prepayment provision to reduce the amount required to be paid from the Daney Ranch sale to $710,000 of the net cash proceeds. As consideration for the amendment, the Company issued GHF, Inc. warrants to purchase 200,000 common shares exercisable at a price of $1.00 per share for a two-year term. The warrants were valued at $18,975 on the date of issuance. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized interest expense of $116,057 and $350,924, respectively, which includes OID amortization of $44,552 and $130,652, respectively, in connection with the GHF 2021 Note.


Concorde Trust, Bean Trust, Georges Trust, GHF, Inc. & Scott H. Jolcover Unsecured Promissory Notes


On March 4, 2021, we retired our unsecured promissory notes ("Promissory Notes") by paying the remaining principal balance of $3.1 million plus earned OID of $0.1 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, interest expense on the promissory notes was $139,213, which includes OID amortization of $71,289.

On October 25, 2022 the Company entered into a promissory note in the principal amount of $2 million from Alvin Fund LLC. The promissory note matures on October 25, 2023 and bears interest at the rate of 9% per annum. The Company will use the proceeds for a $2 million payment toward the purchase of a battery metal recycling facility from LINICO.
Schedule 3(ff)
Material Changes
None
Schedule 3(vv)
Subsidiary Rights
None 
Exhibit A
Form of Convertible Note


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