II 

117TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 3754 

To prohibit the importation of crude oil and petroleum products from the 

Russian Federation, to impose sanctions with respect to persons involved 

in the importation of such crude oil and petroleum products who have 

engaged in acts of corruption or who are responsible for serious human 

rights abuses, and for other purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

MARCH 3, 2022 

Mr. MARKEY introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred 

to the Committee on Foreign Relations 

A BILL 

To prohibit the importation of crude oil and petroleum products from the Russian Federation, to impose sanctions 

with respect to persons involved in the importation of 

such crude oil and petroleum products who have engaged 

in acts of corruption or who are responsible for serious 

human rights abuses, and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Severing Putin’s Im5 mense Gains from Oil Transfers Act of 2022’’ or the 

6 ‘‘SPIGOT Act of 2022’’. 


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1 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

2 Congress makes the following findings: 

3 (1) In February 2022, the Russian Federation 

4 launched a large scale invasion of Ukraine that vio5 lated Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. 

6 (2) In 2021, the Russian Federation became 

7 the second-largest exporter of crude oil and petro8 leum products to the United States, after Canada. 

9 (3) In 2020, 7 percent of all petroleum imports 

10 to the United States came from the Russian Federa11 tion, which is more than was imported from the 

12 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 

13 (4) The United States private sector imported 

14 848,000 barrels of oil from the Russian Federation 

15 per day in June 2021. 

16 (5) From January through December 2021, the 

17 United States imported 245,194,000 barrels of oil 

18 from the Russian Federation, which at an annual 

19 average of $71 per barrel equals approximately 

20 $17,400,000,000 in oil imports. 

21 (6) As of February 2022, oil prices have risen 

22 to $92 per barrel. 

23 (7) According to the Ministry of Finance of the 

24 Russian Federation, 36 percent of all revenue of the 

25 Government of the Russian Federation came from 

26 the oil and gas sector in 2021. In 2019 and 2020, 


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1 the overall percentage of revenue of that Govern2 ment that came from the oil and gas sector reached 

3 39 and 28 percent, respectively. 

4 (8) The President of the Russian Federation, 

5 Vladimir Putin, relies on a network of government 

6 officials, heads of state-owned enterprises, and busi7 ness leaders to maintain his grasp on power. 

8 (9) Russian-owned energy entities that have ties 

9 to individuals aligned with Putin see benefits from 

10 reliance by the United States on imports of crude oil 

11 and petroleum products from the Russian Federa12 tion. 

13 (10) In early 2021, political prisoner Alexei 

14 Navalny’s Anti-Corruption Foundation outlined 

15 some of the corrupt linkages between Russian oil 

16 giant Rosneft, with key Putin ally Igor Sechin as its 

17 head, and Vladimir Putin himself. 

18 (11) The United States Government has al19 ready taken action against individuals with links to 

20 the energy sector of the Russian Federation, such as 

21 Igor Sechin, Boris and Arkady Rotenberg, Kirill 

22 Shamalov, Viktor Vekselberg, and Sergey Frusenko, 

23 under— 


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1 (A) the Global Magnitsky Human Rights 

2 Accountability Act (subtitle F of title XII of 

3 Public Law 114–328; 22 U.S.C. 2656 note); 

4 (B) Executive Orders 13661 and 13662 

5 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to blocking 

6 property of additional persons contributing to 

7 the situation in Ukraine), codified by section 

8 222 of the Countering America’s Adversaries 

9 Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9522); and 

10 (C) Executive Order 13582 (50 U.S.C. 

11 1701 note; relating to blocking property of the 

12 Government of Syria and prohibiting certain 

13 transactions with respect to Syria). 

14 (12) While sanctions imposed by the United 

15 States in response to the Russian Federation’s war 

16 of aggression against Ukraine have largely exempted 

17 the energy sector, on February 24, 2022, the United 

18 States Government announced action against the fol19 lowing 2 additional individuals with links to that sec20 tor: 

21 (A) Ivan Sechin, son of Igor Sechin, and 

22 reportedly a deputy head of a department at 

23 Rosneft. 

24 (B) Andrey Patrushev, a leader of 

25 Gazprom Neft, and son of Nikolai Platonovich 


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1 Patrushev, the Secretary of the Russian Secu2 rity Council. 

3 (13) Despite ongoing United States imports of 

4 crude oil and petroleum products from the Russian 

5 Federation and existing laws and policies against 

6 supporting human rights abuses, there has been no 

7 United States Government-led analysis of the link8 ages between the energy sector of the Russian Fed9 eration and corruption or human rights abuses. 

10 (14) Oil imported from the Russian Federation 

11 contributes to the overall United States carbon foot12 print, which makes up nearly 15 percent of all global 

13 greenhouse gas emissions. 

14 (15) On January 27, 2021, President Joseph 

15 R. Biden issued Executive Order 14008 (86 Fed. 

16 Reg. 7619; relating to tackling the climate crisis at 

17 home and abroad), which identifies climate change 

18 as an essential element of the foreign policy and na19 tional security strategy of the United States. 

20 (16) The Department of Defense cites climate 

21 change as a national security threat, noting that 100 

22 percent of geographic combatant commands were af23 fected by climate-related impacts in 2019, and more 

24 than 1,700 military installations continue to be 

25 threatened by sea-level rise. Extreme weather events 


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1 have caused more than $796,100,000,000 in damage 

2 in the United States during the 5 years before the 

3 date of the enactment of this Act alone. 

4 (17) President Biden has set an economy-wide 

5 target for the United States to reduce its net green6 house gas emissions by 50 to 52 percent below 2005 

7 levels by 2030, which will require decarbonization in 

8 the energy, buildings, and transportation sectors. 

9 SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 

10 It is a sense of Congress that— 

11 (1) the reliance of the United States on oil im12 ported from the Russian Federation presents a na13 tional security liability; 

14 (2) a prohibition on imports of oil from the 

15 Russian Federation could deprive the Russian Fed16 eration upwards of $20,000,000,000 or more rev17 enue from the United States in 2022; 

18 (3) Russian energy entities are controlled by 

19 Russian executives and oligarchs with close ties to 

20 Vladimir Putin, and profits from the energy sector 

21 may be implicated in corruption and in fueling 

22 human rights abuses globally and in the Russian 

23 Federation; 

24 (4) the United States Government must— 


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1 (A) investigate the links described in para2 graph (2) to avoid funding activities tied to 

3 human rights abuses and corruption through 

4 the purchase of oil imported from the Russian 

5 Federation; 

6 (B) issue a moratorium on the importation 

7 of oil from the Russian Federation until a thor8 ough investigation is complete; 

9 (C) develop a comprehensive strategy to re10 place oil imported from the Russian Federation 

11 with domestic carbon-free energy sources; and 

12 (D) invest in renewable energy alternatives 

13 to replace foreign carbon-intensive energy im14 ports; and 

15 (5) actively decarbonizing the United States en16 ergy economy is of vital strategic interest to the na17 tional security and climate change reduction targets 

18 of the United States. 

19 SEC. 4. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE20 FINED. 

21 In this Act, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional com22 mittees’’ means— 

23 (1) the Committee on Finance, the Committee 

24 on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Banking, 


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1 Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the Committee on 

2 Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate; and 

3 (2) the Committee on Ways and Means, the 

4 Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Fi5 nancial Services, and the Committee on Energy and 

6 Commerce of the House of Representatives. 

7 SEC. 5. REPORT ON LINKS BETWEEN RUSSIAN ENERGY EN8 TITIES, HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS, AND 

9 CORRUPTION. 

10 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 

11 date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, 

12 the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary 

13 of Energy, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary 

14 of Defense, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Director 

15 of National Intelligence, shall submit to the appropriate 

16 congressional committees a report— 

17 (1) identifying which Russian, United States, 

18 and international entities are involved with the im19 portation of crude oil and petroleum products from 

20 the Russian Federation into the United States; 

21 (2) describing the relationship of those entities, 

22 and members of their executive boards, with Vladi23 mir Putin and other Russian persons subject to 

24 sanctions imposed by the United States; 


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1 (3) identifying whether any individuals de2 scribed in paragraph (2) or entities described in 

3 paragraph (1) have engaged in acts of corruption or 

4 are responsible for or complicit in, or have directly 

5 or indirectly engaged in, serious human rights 

6 abuses; 

7 (4) identifying the ways in which revenue gen8 erated from the exportation of crude oil and petro9 leum products to the United States and to other 

10 countries has helped insulate the Russian economy 

11 since the United States and international community 

12 imposed sanctions in response to the Russian Fed13 eration’s illegal war of aggression against Ukraine; 

14 (5) identifying alternative suppliers for the im15 portation of crude oil and petroleum products, other 

16 than from the Russian Federation, that minimize 

17 risks to United States consumers; 

18 (6) a comprehensive strategy to prioritize car19 bon-free energy sources and reduction of the demand 

20 for fossil energy as alternatives to crude oil and pe21 troleum products imported from the Russian Fed22 eration; and 

23 (7) assessing why United States entities are 

24 choosing to do business with entities described in 


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1 paragraph (1) and what advantages doing business 

2 with such entities presents. 

3 (b) FORM OF REPORT.—The report required by sub4 section (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may 

5 include a classified annex. 

6 SEC. 6. PROHIBITION ON IMPORTATION OF CRUDE OIL AND 

7 PETROLEUM PRODUCTS FROM THE RUSSIAN 

8 FEDERATION. 

9 (a) IN GENERAL.—Effective on the date that is 30 

10 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the im11 portation of crude oil and petroleum products from the 

12 Russian Federation into the United States is prohibited. 

13 (b) PRESIDENTIAL WAIVER.— 

14 (1) IN GENERAL.—The President may waive 

15 the prohibition under subsection (a) for a period of 

16 not more than one year if— 

17 (A) the report required by section 5 has 

18 been submitted to the appropriate congressional 

19 committees; and 

20 (B) the President submits to the appro21 priate congressional committees a certification 

22 that— 

23 (i) the importation of crude oil and 

24 petroleum products from the Russian Fed25 eration does not pose a significant risk to 


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1 the national security of the United States; 

2 and 

3 (ii) a prohibition on the importation 

4 of crude oil and petroleum products from 

5 the Russian Federation would unduly im6 pact energy prices for United States con7 sumers. 

8 (2) RENEWAL.—The President may renew a 

9 waiver issued under paragraph (1) on annual basis 

10 if, before the termination date of the previous waiv11 er— 

12 (A) the most recent report required by sec13 tion 5 has been submitted to the appropriate 

14 congressional committees; and 

15 (B) the President submits to the appro16 priate congressional committees a certification 

17 described in paragraph (1)(B). 

18 (3) FORM OF CERTIFICATION.—A certification 

19 submitted under paragraph (1)(B) or (2)(B) shall be 

20 submitted in unclassified form but may include a 

21 classified annex. 

22 SEC. 7. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS. 

23 (a) IN GENERAL.—Upon receiving a report required 

24 by section 5, the President shall use the authorities pro25 vided by the provisions of law specified in subsection (b) 


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1 to impose sanctions with respect to any foreign individual 

2 or entity identified under section 5(a)(3) as having en3 gaged in acts of corruption or who are responsible for or 

4 complicit in, or have directly or indirectly engaged in, seri5 ous human rights abuses. 

6 (b) PROVISIONS OF LAW SPECIFIED.—The provisions 

7 of law specified in this subsection are the following: 

8 (1) The Global Magnitsky Human Rights Ac9 countability Act (subtitle F of title XII of Public 

10 Law 114–328; 22 U.S.C. 2656 note). 

11 (2) The Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Ac12 countability Act of 2012 (title IV of Public Law 

13 112–208; 22 U.S.C. 5811 note). 

14 (3) Title II of the Countering America’s Adver15 saries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9501 et 

16 seq.). 

17 (4) The International Emergency Economic 

18 Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.). 

Æ 


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