FILED U.S. COURT OF AP P EALS E LEVEN T HC IRC UIT April 4, 2008 THOMAS K. KAH

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________________________ D . C . D ocketN o. 03 -005 58 -C R -T W T -1 U N I T E D S T A T E S O F A M E R I C A , P la in tif f - A p p e lle e , v ersu s A L F R E D O P . R I V E R A , a .k .a . C u k ie , D e f e n d a n t- A p p e lla n t.

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c o c a i n e , 2 1 U . S. C. § 841( b) ( 1) ( A ) ( i i ) a nd 846, a nd pos s e s s i on w i th i nt e ntt o di s tr i but e a tl e a s tf i ve k ilo g r a m s o f

c o c a in e , 2 1 U .S .C . § 8 4 1 ( a ) ( 1 ) , ( b ) ( 1 ) ( A ) ( ii) , a n d1 8 U .S .C . § 2 . O n ap p e a l, R iv e r aa r g u e s th a t th e d is tr ic t c o u rt im p o s e dap r o c e d u r a lly unr e a s onabl e s e nt e nc e be c aus e i tga ve the gui de l i ne r a nge apr e s um pt i on of appr opr i a t e ne s s , i n vi ol a t i on of R i t av. U ni t e d S t a t e s , 551 U . S . __, 127 S . C t . 2456, 2462, 168 L . E d. 2d 203 ( 2007) , a nd i tf a i l e d t o c ons i de rtha tthe gui de l i ne s di d not cont em pl at e the m i t i gat i ng fa ct ors i n the ca se . H e a l so ar gu es thathi s s ent ence w as s ubs t a nt i ve l yunr e a s onabl e be c aus e the c ourtr e l i e d on the f a c ttha t , unl i ke hi s c odefe nd ant s, R i veraw entt o tri al , and i ti m po se d a se nt ence thatw as grea t erthan n e c e s s a ryto c o m p lyw ith th e p u rp o s e s o f s e n te n c in g . W e r e vi e w the f

i na l s e nt e nc e i m pos e d bythe di s tr i c tc ourtf or r e a s o n ab le n e s s . U n ite dS ta te s v . A g b a i, 4 9 7 F .3 d1 2 2 6 , 1 2 2 9 ( 1 1 th C ir . 2 0 0 7 ) . U nr e a s onabl e ne s s m a ybe pr oc e dur a l , w he n the c ourt ' s pr oc e dur e doe s notf ol l ow th e r e q u i r e me n t s o f

Un i t e dSt a t e s v . Bo o k e r , 5 4 3 U. S. 2 2 0 , 1 2 5 S. Ct . 7 3 8 , 1 6 0 L . E d .2 d6 2 1 ( 2 0 0 5 ) , o rs u b s ta n tiv e . S e e G a ll v . U n ite dS ta te s , 5 5 2 U .S . __ , 1 2 8 S .C t. 5 8 6 , 5 9 7 , 1 6 9 L .E d .2 d4 4 5 ( 2 0 0 7 ) . T h e U .S . S up r e m e C o u rt h a s e x p la in e dth a t a s e n te n c e m a yb e p r o c e d u r a llyu n r e a s o n ab le if th e d is tr ic t c o u rt im p r o p e r ly cal cu l at es th e g u i d el i n e i m p ri so n m en tran g e, treat s th e g u i d el i n es as m an d at o ry,3

f a ils to c o n s id e rth e ap p r o p r ia te s ta tu to ryf a c to r s , b a s e s th e s e n te n c e o n c le a r ly erroneou s f

ac t s, or fa i l s t o exp l ai n i t s r ea soni ng adequat el y. Id. T he C ou rtal so has expl ai ned thatthe subst ant i ve re as on abl enes s of ase nt ence i s r evi ew ed un der an abus e - of - di s c r e t i on s t a nda r d. I d. I tha s s ugge s t e d tha tr e vi e w f ors ubs t a nt i ve r e a s onabl e ne s s unde rthi s s t a nda r d i nvol ve s i nqui r i ng w he the rthe f a c t or s i n 18 U . S . C . § 3553( a ) s upportthe s e nt e nc e i n que s t i on. I d. a t600. W e ha ve r e vi e w e d the r e c or d a nd c ons i de r e d the br i e f s of the pa rt i e s a nd f in dn o r e v e r s ib le e rr o r . T h e r e c o r dd e m o n s tr a te s th a t th e d is tr ic t c o u rt c o rr e c tly c a lc u la te dth e a d v is o ryg u id e lin e r a n g e , c o n s id e r e dth e s e n te n c in g f a c to r s s e t f

o rth i n § 35 53 (a ), spec i fi ca l l y m ent i on i ng the nature and se ri ou snes s of the offens e, R i vera ' s per sonal hi st ory and char ac t er i st i cs , and the need t o avo i d u nw ant ed s e n te n c in g d is p a r itie s , c o n s id e r e dth e p a rtie s ' ar g u m e n ts c o n c e rn in g th e s e n te n c e to b e im p o s e d , a n ds u f

f ic ie n tlye x p la in e dits r e a s o n s f o rim p o s in g th e s e n te n c e . In sh o rt , R i v era h as n o test ab l i sh ed th ath i s sen t en ce o f 6 3 m o n th s’ im p r is o n m e n t, w h ic h is a t is a t th e lo w - e n do f th e a d v is o ryg u id e lin e r a n g e , is e ith e rp r o c e d u r a llyo rs u b s ta n tiv e lyu n r e a s o n ab le . T h e r e f o r e , th e d is tr ic t c o u rt d id n o t ab u s e its d is c r e tio n in s e n te n c in g R iv e r ato 6 3 m o n th s ’ im p r is o n m e n t. AF F I RME D.